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Ushkalova EA, Zyryanov SK, Zatolochina KE. The fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine in the treatment of acute pain syndromes. NEUROLOGY, NEUROPSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOSOMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2020-100-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Ushkalova
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia
| | - S. K. Zyryanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia
| | - K. E. Zatolochina
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia
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Franco P, De Marco I. Supercritical CO2 adsorption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs into biopolymer aerogels. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Franco P, De Marco I. Eudragit: A Novel Carrier for Controlled Drug Delivery in Supercritical Antisolvent Coprecipitation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010234. [PMID: 31963638 PMCID: PMC7023534 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process was used to coprecipitate Eudragit L100-55 (EUD) with diclofenac (DICLO) and theophylline (THEOP), with the aim of obtaining composite microparticles with a prolonged drug release for oral delivery. Working at the optimized conditions in terms of pressure and overall concentration in the liquid solution (10.0 MPa and 50 mg/mL), microparticles of EUD/DICLO 20/1 and 10/1 w/w were produced with a mean size of 2.92 µm and 1.53 µm, respectively. For the system EUD/THEOP, well-defined spherical microspheres with a mean diameter ranging from 3.75 µm and 5.93 µm were produced at 12.0 MPa. The produced composite systems were characterized by various techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray microanalysis, FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. Dissolution studies showed the potential of EUD to prolong the drug release, significantly, up to a few days.
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Honakeri NC, Malode SJ, Kulkarni RM, Shetti NP. Electrochemical behavior of diclofenac sodium at coreshell nanostructure modified electrode and its analysis in human urine and pharmaceutical samples. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Parys W, Pyka-Pająk A, Dołowy M. Application of Thin-Layer Chromatography in Combination with Densitometry for the Determination of Diclofenac in Enteric Coated Tablets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12040183. [PMID: 31888153 PMCID: PMC6958427 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac belongs to the drug class non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs widely used in Europe as well as all over the world. Thus, it is important to conduct research on its quality control of available pharmaceutical preparations like for example enteric coated tablets. Among various analytical techniques, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is ideal for this task due to their short time analysis, ease of operation and low cost. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop the optimal conditions of analysis and quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium in enteric tablets by using TLC in combination with densitometry. Of all chromatographic systems tested, the best is the one which consists of silica gel 60F254 and cyclohexane: chloroform:methanol:glacial acetic acid (6:3:0.5:0.5 v/v) as the mobile phase, which allows the successful separation of examined diclofenac sodium as active component and the largest number (twelve) of its degradation products as potential impurities of its pharmaceutical products. This indicates that the newly developed method is more effective than previously reported assays by Starek and Krzek. Linearity range was found to be 4.00–18.00 μg/spot for diclofenac sodium. The results of the assay of enteric tablet formulations equals 98.8% of diclofenac sodium in relation to label claim is in a good agreement with pharmaceutical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Parys
- Correspondence: (W.P.), (A.P.-P.); Tel.: +48-32-364-15-34 (W.P.); +48-32-364-15-30 (A.P.-P.); Fax: +48-32-364-16-93 (W.P.)
| | - Alina Pyka-Pająk
- Correspondence: (W.P.), (A.P.-P.); Tel.: +48-32-364-15-34 (W.P.); +48-32-364-15-30 (A.P.-P.); Fax: +48-32-364-16-93 (W.P.)
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Khesri Hammadi H, Khodadoust S. Extraction of diclofenac by SiO
2
‐NH
2
@Fe
3
O
4
and its determination: Central composite design. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:470-477. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Khesri Hammadi
- Department of ChemistryBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology Behbahan Iran
| | - Saeid Khodadoust
- Department of ChemistryBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology Behbahan Iran
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Altindağ F, Rağbetli MÇ. The effect of maternal treatment with diclofenac sodium and thymoquinone on testicular parameters in rat offspring. Rev Int Androl 2019; 19:34-40. [PMID: 31628026 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Diclofenac sodium (DS) can have toxic effects on various tissues and organs, as well as causing foetal and new-born malformations. Thymoquinone (TQ), the basic bioactive compound of black seed oil, is an antioxidant and antineoplastic substance. The aim of our study was to explore the effects of DS and TQ exposure during gestation on offspring rat testicular histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mother pregnant rats were divided into five groups: control, saline, DS, TQ and DS plus TQ (DS+TQ) four animals for each group. They were then treated as follows between day of 5 and 15 of gestation: the control group received no treatment. The saline group received physiological saline (1mg/kg/d) via the intraperitoneal (IP) route; the DS group received an intramuscular (IM) injection of DS (6.1mg/kg/d); the TQ group received TQ (5mg/kg/d) dissolved in drinking water; and the DS+TQ group received DS (6.1mg/kg/d) and TQ (5mg/kg/d) dissolved in water. After birth, the male rats were fed for four weeks, and at the end of this period offspring were sacrificed. Stereological methods, physical disector and Cavalieri principle were used for particle counting and volume estimation respectively. RESULTS The results revealed a significant decrease in the total number of Sertoli and Leydig cells in 4-week-old rats in the DS group (p<0.05), and TQ not have provide protection against this adverse effect of DS. CONCLUSIONS In this study, DS at a dose of 6.1mg/kg, equivalent to a dose of 1mg/kg in humans, decreased the number of Sertoli and Leydig cells, and TQ did not have a protective effect against the adverse effect of DS during the gestation period. These results show that new dose depend studies on TQ and DS interaction are requested to see protective effect of TQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Altindağ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
| | - Murat Çetin Rağbetli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Owumi SE, Dim UJ. Biochemical alterations in diclofenac-treated rats: Effect of selenium on oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological changes. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847319874359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of selenium (Sel), a trace element in diclofenac sodium (DCF), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced hepatic and renal toxicities in adult rats. Five experimental groups namely control, DCF (10 mg/kg), Sel (0.125 mg/kg), DCF + Sel (0.125 mg/kg), and DCF + Sel (0.25 mg/kg) consisting of 10 rats each were orally treated for 7 consecutive days. Following killing, biomarkers of hepatic and renal toxicities, antioxidant enzyme levels, myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide levels, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Further, the concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and hematological indices: white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, and neutrophils and eosinophil counts. Results indicated that DCF-induced increases in biomarkers of hepatic and renal toxicity were significantly ( p < 0.05) lessened in serum of rats co-exposed to DCF and Sel in a dose-dependent manner. DCF mediated decrease in antioxidant status, and increases in RONS, LPO, and TNF-α levels were reduced ( p < 0.05) in the liver and kidney of rats co-exposed to DCF and Sel. Additionally, Sel reduced hematological abnormalities associated with DCF treatment. Light microscopic examination showed that the severity of histopathological lesions induced by DCF was lessened in rats co-exposed to DCF and Sel. Taken together, Sel supplementation mitigated DCF-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and hematological abnormalities in the liver and kidney of treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Uche J Dim
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Wei L, Wu S, Shi W, Aldrich AL, Kielian T, Carlson MA, Sun R, Qin X, Duan B. Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28740-28751. [PMID: 31334627 PMCID: PMC7082812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning provides a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes. However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wei
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wen Shi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Amy L. Aldrich
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mark A. Carlson
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Runjun Sun
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68516, USA
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Ramezannezhad P, Nouri A, Heidarian E. Silymarin mitigates diclofenac-induced liver toxicity through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in male rats. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diclofenac (DIC) is one of the compounds derived from acetic acid which isknown for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic attributes. Silymarin is a flavonoid compoundwhich is derivate from Silybum marianum seeds. This research was done to assess the protectiverole of silymarin against liver toxicity induced by DIC in male rats.Methods: Randomly, 40 male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups as follows: Group 1:control group, Group 2: DIC-only treated (50 mg/kg, i.p), Group 3: silymarin-only treated (200mg/kg, p.o); Groups 4 and 5: DIC (50 mg/kg, i.p) plus silymarin (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, p.o,respectively) treated. Various biochemical, molecular, and histological parameters were evaluatedin serum and tissue.Results: In the DIC-only treated group, the levels of liver glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxidedismutase (SOD), intracellular glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) significantly diminished andthe levels of total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), nitrite, alanine aminotransferase (ALT),malondialdehyde (MDA), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and TNF-α gene expression were remarkably elevated relative to control animals. In otherhands, treatment with silymarin caused a noticeable elevation in GPx, SOD, GSH, CAT and aremarkable reduction in levels of total bilirubin, ALP, nitrite content, ALT, MDA, serum TNF-α,AST and TNF-α gene expression relative to DIC-only treated group. Histopathological injurieswere also improved by silymarin administration.Conclusion: The results confirm that silymarin has an ameliorative effect on liver toxicity inducedby DIC and oxidative stress in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantea Ramezannezhad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Yang YJ, Liu XW, Kong XJ, Qin Z, Li SH, Jiao ZH, Li JY. An LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4520. [PMID: 30817844 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An LC-MS/MS method with internal standard tolfenamic acid for determining diclofenac sodium (DCF) in dairy cow plasma was developed and validated. Samples were processed with protein precipitation by cold formic acid-acetonitrile. Determination of DCF was performed using LC-ESI+ -MS/MS with the matrix-matched calibration curve. The results showed that the method was sensitive (LOD 2 ng mL-1 , LOQ 5 ng mL-1 ), accurate (97.60 ± 5.64%), precise (<10%) and linear in the range of 5-10,000 ng mL-1 . A single intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration of 5% diclofenac sodium injection at a dose of 2.2 mg kg-1 was performed in six healthy dairy cows according to a two-period crossover design. The main pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters after a single i.v. administration were as follows: t1/2β , 4.52 ± 1.71 h; AUC, 77.79 ± 16.76 h μg mL-1 ; mean residence time, 5.16 ± 1.11 h. The main PK parameters after a single i.m. administration were as follows: Tmax , 2.38 ± 1.19 h; Cmax , 7.46 ± 1.85 μg mL-1 ; t1/2β , 9.46 ± 2.86 h; AUC 67.57 ± 13.07 h μg mL-1 . The absolute bioavailability was 87.37 ± 5.96%. The results showed that the diclofenac sodium injection had PK characteristics of rapid absorption and slow elimination, and high peak concentration and bioavailability in dairy cows, and that the recommended clinical dosage of diclofenac sodium injection is 2.2 mg kg-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xi-Wang Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Kong
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhe Qin
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Hua Jiao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Speer I, Lenhart V, Preis M, Breitkreutz J. Prolonged release from orodispersible films by incorporation of diclofenac-loaded micropellets. Int J Pharm 2019; 554:149-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Olayaki LA, Adeyemi WJ, Yinusa JS, Adedayo GA. Omega-3 fatty acids moderate oxidative and proinflammatory events in experimental hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats: comparison with livolin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.synres.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hassan IZ, Duncan N, Adawaren EO, Naidoo V. Could the environmental toxicity of diclofenac in vultures been predictable if preclinical testing methodology were applied? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 64:181-186. [PMID: 30445374 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical agent was responsible for the death of millions of Gyps vulture's in the Indian sub-region with the safety of the other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) being questionable. With preclinical safety testing not well established for avian species unlike for mammalian and environmental toxicity, we ask the question if a preclinical model could have predicted the toxic effect of the drug. For this study, we test an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline 223 for assessing the acute toxic potential of pesticides in birds by exposing three avian species to the drug. Exposed Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) demonstrated clinical signs and pathology similar to those previously reported in vultures viz. hyperuricemia, depression, death, visceral gout and nephrosis. However, exposed domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) were insensitive. Following a pharmacokinetic analysis, the drug was well absorbed and distributed in the pigeons with a half-life below 6 h. A toxicokinetic evaluation in quails showed poisoning was due to metabolic constraint, with a half-life and mean residence time above 6 h and 8 h respectively resulting in death. Toxicity seen in the ducks was however not related to metabolic constraint but hyperuricemia as metabolism was rapid [half-life (1-2 h) and mean residence time (2-3 h)] irrespective of survival or death. Despite succumbing to diclofenac, the established oral median lethal dose (LD50) of 405.42 mg/kg and 189.92 mg/kg in Japanese quails and Muscovy ducks respectively from this study were substantially higher than those reported for Gyps vultures (0.098 mg/kg) which is as a result of the rapid elimination of the drug from the body in the former species. More importantly, it suggests that these species are not suitable as surrogates for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug toxicity testing and that the toxicity of diclofenac in vultures is idiosyncratic most likely as a result of species specific metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Zubairu Hassan
- Veterinary Pharmacology/Toxicology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
| | - Neil Duncan
- Veterinary Pathology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
| | - Emmanuel O Adawaren
- Veterinary Pharmacology/Toxicology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
| | - Vinny Naidoo
- Veterinary Pharmacology/Toxicology, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa; University of Pretoria Biotechnology Research Centre, South Africa.
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Zein/diclofenac sodium coprecipitation at micrometric and nanometric range by supercritical antisolvent processing. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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66
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Pierattini EC, Francini A, Huber C, Sebastiani L, Schröder P. Poplar and diclofenac pollution: A focus on physiology, oxidative stress and uptake in plant organs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:944-952. [PMID: 29729512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Poplar plants may have an important role in the removal of pharmaceuticals from contaminated waters. In this context, plant uptake of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, as well as physiological response in terms of growth traits and stress enzymes activity was assessed in Populus alba Villafranca clone, in order to establish the effectiveness of this species against pharmaceutical active compounds pollution. This evaluation was conducted in mesocosms with 1 mg L-1 of this pharmaceutical for a maximum period of 28 days. Root appears to be the organ with clear uptake of diclofenac (14.76 ± 2.42 ng g-1 fresh weight after 1 day of treatment), and presence of products derived from its metabolism. Indeed, 4-OH-diclofenac metabolite was detected in root tissues, indicating diclofenac uptake and metabolism inside the plants, already after 1 day of treatment. Regarding enzyme activities, glutathione-S-transferases increased in roots after long-term exposure to diclofenac, while an increase in activity of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase was detected in short and medium-term exposure, as a result of abiotic stress caused by diclofenac. Results suggest the ability of poplar to actively participate in the removal of diclofenac from water when used for phytoremediation purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Carla Pierattini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Francini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Christian Huber
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luca Sebastiani
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Peter Schröder
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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67
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Sun W, Zuo LM, Zhao T, Zhu ZL, Liu YH, Shan GZ. Crystal structure of N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)acetamide, C 14H 10Cl 3NO. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2018-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C14H10Cl3NO, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.7865(2) Å, b = 13.0725(2) Å, c = 15.9606(2) Å, β = 100.7371(14)°, V = 2826.11(7) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0662, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1980, T = 293(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Zuo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hua Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
| | - Guang-Zhi Shan
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , P.R. China
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McNicol ED, Ferguson MC, Schumann R. Single-dose intravenous diclofenac for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 8:CD012498. [PMID: 30153336 PMCID: PMC6353087 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012498.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces patient opioid requirements and, in turn, reduces the incidence and severity of opioid-induced adverse events (AEs). OBJECTIVES To assess the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of single-dose intravenous diclofenac, compared with placebo or an active comparator, for moderate to severe postoperative pain in adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched the following databases without language restrictions: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Register of Studies Online), MEDLINE, and Embase on 22 May 2018. We checked clinical trials registers and reference lists of retrieved articles for additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized trials that compared a single postoperative dose of intravenous diclofenac with placebo or another active treatment, for treating acute postoperative pain in adults following any surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Two review authors independently considered trials for review inclusion, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data.Our primary outcome was the number of participants in each arm achieving at least 50% pain relief over a four- and six-hour period.Our secondary outcomes were time to, and number of participants using rescue medication; withdrawals due to lack of efficacy, AEs, and for any cause; and number of participants experiencing any AE, serious AEs (SAEs), and NSAID-related AEs. We performed a post hoc analysis of opioid-related AEs, to enable indirect comparisons with other analyses of postoperative analgesics.For subgroup analysis, we planned to analyze different doses and formulations of parenteral diclofenac separately.We assessed the overall quality of the evidence for each outcome using GRADE and created two 'Summary of findings' tables. MAIN RESULTS We included eight studies, involving 1756 participants undergoing various surgeries (dental, mixed minor, abdominal, and orthopedic), with 20 to 175 participants receiving intravenous diclofenac in each study. Mean study population ages ranged from 24.5 years to 54.5 years. Intravenous diclofenac doses varied among and within studies, ranging from 3.75 mg to 75 mg. Five studies assessed newer formulations of parenteral diclofenac that could be administered as an undiluted intravenous bolus. Most studies had an unclear risk of bias for several domains and a high risk of bias due to small sample size. The overall quality of evidence for each outcome was generally low for reasons including unclear risk of bias in studies, imprecision, and low event numbers.Primary outcomeThree studies (277 participants) produced a number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) for at least 50% of maximum pain relief versus placebo of 2.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9 to 3.1) over four hours (low-quality evidence). Four studies (436 participants) produced an NNTB of 3.8 versus placebo (95% CI 2.9 to 5.9) over six hours (low-quality evidence). No studies provided data for the comparison of intravenous diclofenac with another NSAID over four hours. At six hours there was no difference between intravenous diclofenac and another NSAID (low-quality evidence).Secondary outcomesFor secondary efficacy outcomes, intravenous diclofenac was generally superior to placebo and similar to other NSAIDs.For time to rescue medication, comparison of intravenous diclofenac versus placebo demonstrated a median of 226 minutes for diclofenac versus 80 minutes for placebo (5 studies, 542 participants, low-quality evidence). There were insufficient data for pooled analysis for comparisons of diclofenac with another NSAID (very low-quality evidence).For the number of participants using rescue medication, two studies (235 participants) compared diclofenac with placebo. The number needed to treat to prevent one additional harmful event (NNTp) (here, the need for rescue medication) compared with placebo was 3.0 (2.2 to 4.5, low-quality evidence). The comparison of diclofenac with another NSAID included only one study (98 participants). The NNTp was 4.5 (2.5 to 33) for ketorolac versus diclofenac (very low-quality evidence).The numbers of participants withdrawing were generally low and inconsistently reported (very low-quality evidence). Participant withdrawals were: 6% (8/140) diclofenac versus 5% (7/128) placebo, and 9% (8/87) diclofenac versus 7% (6/82) another NSAID for lack of efficacy; 2% (4/211) diclofenac versus 0% (0/198) placebo, and 3% (4/138) diclofenac versus 2% (2/129) another NSAID due to AEs; and 11% (21/191) diclofenac versus 17% (30/179) placebo, and 18% (21/118) diclofenac versus 15% (17/111) another NSAID for any cause.Overall adverse event rates were similar between intravenous diclofenac and placebo (71% in both groups, 2 studies, 296 participants) and between intravenous diclofenac and another NSAID (55% and 58%, respectively, 2 studies, 265 participants) (low-quality evidence for both comparisons). Serious and specific AEs were rare, preventing meta-analysis.There were sufficient data for a dose-effect analysis for our primary outcome for only one alternative dose, 18.75 mg. Analysis of the highest dose employed in each study demonstrated a relative benefit compared with placebo of 1.9 (1.4 to 2.4), whereas for the group receiving 18.75 mg, the relative benefit versus placebo was 1.6 (1.2 to 2.1, 2 studies). Compared to another NSAID, the high-dose analysis demonstrated a relative benefit of 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1), for the group receiving 18.75 mg, the relative benefit was 0.78 (0.65 to 0.93). For direct comparison of high dose versus 18.75 mg, the proportion of participants with at least 50% pain relief was 66% (90/137) for the high-dose arm versus 57% (77/135) in the low-dose arm. There were insufficient data for subgroup meta-analysis of different diclofenac formulations. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The amount and quality of evidence for the use of intravenous diclofenac as a treatment for postoperative pain is low. The available evidence indicates that postoperative intravenous diclofenac administration offers good pain relief for the majority of patients, but further research may impact this estimate. Adverse events appear to occur at a similar rate to other NSAIDs. Insufficient information is available to assess whether intravenous diclofenac has a different rate of bleeding, renal dysfunction, or cardiovascular events versus other NSAIDs. There was insufficient information to evaluate the efficacy and safety of newer versus traditional formulations of intravenous diclofenac. There was a lack of studies in major and cardiovascular surgeries and in elderly populations, which may be at increased risk for adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan D McNicol
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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69
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Hartmann P, Butt E, Fehér Á, Szilágyi ÁL, Jász KD, Balázs B, Bakonyi M, Berkó S, Erős G, Boros M, Horváth G, Varga E, Csányi E. Electroporation-enhanced transdermal diclofenac sodium delivery into the knee joint in a rat model of acute arthritis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1917-1930. [PMID: 29983546 PMCID: PMC6027698 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s161703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Since electroporation (EP) can increase the permeability of biological membranes, we hypothesized that it offers an opportunity to enhance the transdermal delivery of drugs for intra-articular indications. Our aim was to compare the anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy of EP-combined topical administration of diclofenac sodium hydrogel (50 mg mL-1 in 230 µL volume) with that of an equivalent dose of oral (75 mg kg-1) and simple topical administration. Methods Arthritis was induced with the injection of 2% λ-carrageenan and 4% kaolin into the right knee joints of male Sprague Dawley rats. EP was applied for 8 min with 900 V high-voltage pulses for 5 ms followed by a 20 ms break. Drug penetration into the synovial fluid and plasma was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions were visualized by intravital videomicroscopy on the internal surface of the synovium. Inflammation-induced thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia reactions, knee joint edema, and inflammatory enzyme activities were assessed at 24 and 48 h after arthritis induction. Results EP significantly increased the plasma level of diclofenac as compared with the topical controls 10 min after the 2% λ-carrageenan and 4% kaolin injection. Increased leukocyte-endothelial interactions were accompanied by joint inflammation, which was significantly reduced by oral and EP diclofenac (by 45% and by 30%, respectively) and only slightly ameliorated by simple topical diclofenac treatment (by 18%). The arthritis-related secondary hyperalgesic reactions were significantly ameliorated by oral and EP-enhanced topical diclofenac treatments. The knee cross-section area (which increased by 35%) was also reduced with both approaches. However, simple topical application did not influence the development of joint edema and secondary hyperalgesia. Conclusion The study provides evidence for the first time of the potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of EP-enhanced topical diclofenac during arthritis. The therapeutic benefit provided by EP is comparable with that of oral diclofenac; EP is a useful alternative to conventional routes of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hartmann
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | - Edina Butt
- Department of Traumatology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Fehér
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | | | | | - Boglárka Balázs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika Bakonyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Berkó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Erős
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihály Boros
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary,
| | - Gyöngyi Horváth
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Endre Varga
- Department of Traumatology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Csányi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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70
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Parvizi-Fard G, Alipour E, Yardani Sefidi P, Emamali Sabzi R. Pretreated Pencil Graphite Electrode as a Versatile Platform for Easy Measurement of Diclofenac Sodium in a Number of Biological and Pharmaceutical Samples. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Parvizi-Fard
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - Esmaeel Alipour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
| | - Pariya Yardani Sefidi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Emamali Sabzi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; Urmia University; Urmia Iran
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71
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Shave S, McGuire K, Pham NT, Mole DJ, Webster SP, Auer M. Diclofenac Identified as a Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase Binder and Inhibitor by Molecular Similarity Techniques. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2564-2568. [PMID: 30023839 PMCID: PMC6044753 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we apply a battery of molecular similarity techniques to known inhibitors of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), querying each against a repository of approved, experimental, nutraceutical, and illicit drugs. Four compounds are assayed against KMO. Subsequently, diclofenac (also known by the trade names Voltaren, Voltarol, Aclonac, and Cataflam) has been confirmed as a human KMO protein binder and inhibitor in cell lysate with low micromolar KD and IC50, respectively, and low millimolar cellular IC50. Hit to drug hopping, as exemplified here for one of the most successful anti-inflammatory medicines ever invented, holds great promise for expansion into new disease areas and highlights the not-yet-fully-exploited potential of drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Shave
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Max
Born Crescent, CH Waddington Building, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3BF, U.K.
| | - Kris McGuire
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s
Medical Research
Institute, and Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research
Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Nhan T. Pham
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Max
Born Crescent, CH Waddington Building, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3BF, U.K.
| | - Damian J. Mole
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s
Medical Research
Institute, and Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research
Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Scott P. Webster
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s
Medical Research
Institute, and Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research
Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Manfred Auer
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Max
Born Crescent, CH Waddington Building, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3BF, U.K.
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72
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Agotegaray MA, Campelo AE, Zysler RD, Gumilar F, Bras C, Gandini A, Minetti A, Massheimer VL, Lassalle VL. Magnetic nanoparticles for drug targeting: from design to insights into systemic toxicity. Preclinical evaluation of hematological, vascular and neurobehavioral toxicology. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:772-783. [PMID: 28256646 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00954a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A simple two-step drug encapsulation method was developed to obtain biocompatible magnetic nanocarriers for the potential targeted treatment of diverse diseases. The nanodevice consists of a magnetite core coated with chitosan (Chit@MNPs) as a platform for diclofenac (Dic) loading as a model drug (Dic-Chit@MNPs). Mechanistic and experimental conditions related to drug incorporation and quantification are further addressed. This multi-disciplinary study aims to elucidate the toxicological impact of the MNPs at hematological, vascular, neurological and behavioral levels. Blood compatibility assays revealed that MNPs did not affect either erythrosedimentation rates or erythrocyte integrity at the evaluated doses (1, 10 and 100 μg mL-1). A microscopic evaluation of blood smears indicated that MNPs did not induce morphological changes in blood cells. Platelet aggregation was not affected by MNPs either and just a slight diminution was observed with Dic-Chit@MNPs, an effect possibly due to diclofenac. The examined formulations did not exert cytotoxicity on rat aortic endothelial cells and no changes in cell viability or their capacity to synthesize NO were observed. Behavioral and functional nervous system parameters in a functional observational battery were assessed after a subacute treatment of mice with Chit@MNPs. The urine pools of the exposed group were decreased. Nephritis and an increased number of megakaryocytes in the spleen were observed in the histopathological studies. Sub-acute exposure to Chit@MNPs did not produce significant changes in the parameters used to evaluate neurobehavioral toxicity. The aspects focused on within this manuscript are relevant at the pre-clinical level providing new and novel knowledge concerning the biocompatibility of magnetic nanodevices for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela A Agotegaray
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Adrián E Campelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Roberto D Zysler
- CONICET - Centro Atómico Bariloche, Instituto Balseiro, S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Fernanda Gumilar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Cristina Bras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ariel Gandini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Minetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Virginia L Massheimer
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET)-UNS Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Verónica L Lassalle
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Preparation and characterization of maleoylagarose/PNIPAAm graft copolymers and formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 182:81-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Adeyemi WJ, Olayaki LA. Diclofenac - induced hepatotoxicity: Low dose of omega-3 fatty acids have more protective effects. Toxicol Rep 2017; 5:90-95. [PMID: 29854580 PMCID: PMC5977161 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium instigates pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory responses. Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (N-3) boost the antioxidant system. Low dose of N-3 has more hepatoprotective effects than the high.
The global embrace of the Western dietary style has necessitated the need for supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (N-3) to redress the imbalance in omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio. Therefore, the study investigated the effects of pre-treatment with N-3 in adult male Wistar rats exposed to diclofenac sodium (DF). Twenty adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each, which included: Group 1 - Normal control; Group 2 - DF control; Group 3 - Low N-3 + DF; and, Group 4 - High N-3 + DF. The rats in group 2 were administered DF (10 mg/kg b.w./day, im) during the last 7 days of the experiment, while the rats in groups 3 and 4 were pre-treated with N-3 at 100 and 300 mg/kg b.w./day, po respectively for 21 days, afterwards, they received DF at 10 mg/kg b.w./day (im) for 7 days. The result showed that DF significantly increased malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase, and pro-inflammatory markers (total white blood cell count, uric acid, platelet/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios). Moreover, DF significantly elevated the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, but, significant reduced the total antioxidant capacity and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The histological results were parallel to the biochemical and haematological findings. Pre-treatment with N-3 significantly prevented the manifestation of the abnormalities brought about by DF. Although there were indications of the dose-dependent effects of N-3, the low dose was found to be more effective. In conclusion, the pre-administration of N-3, preferably at a low dose, could reduce hepatotoxicity that could result from subsequent exposure to DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wale Johnson Adeyemi
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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75
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Ho MK, Chung CH. A Prospective, Randomised Clinical Trial Comparing Oral Diclofenac Potassium and Intramuscular Diclofenac Sodium in Acute Pain Relief. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490790401100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare the efficacy of oral (PO) diclofenac potassium (Cataflam®) and intramuscular (IM) diclofenac sodium (Voltaren®) in acute pain relief, with a hypothesis of equivalence between the two. Patients and methods In this prospective randomised single center clinical study, adult Chinese patients attending the emergency department and suffering from renal colic, acute musculoskeletal injury or arthritis were enrolled. They were randomly assigned either 75 mg of IM Voltaren® or 75 mg of PO Cataflam®. Pain was assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and evaluations were performed at baseline, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after treatment. Blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate were also recorded at similar time intervals. Results We recruited 46 cases in the Voltaren® group and 45 cases in the Cataflam® group. Both treatment groups showed statistically highly significant reduction (P<0.0001) in pain VAS, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate compared with the baseline. Voltaren® was statistically more effective in pain relief at 30 minutes (P=0.012) and 1 hour (P=0.010) but not at 2 hours (P=0.311) compared with Cataflam®. The changes in blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate were not statistically significant between the two treatment groups at all time points. Conclusion IM Voltaren® was more effective in acute pain relief compared with PO Cataflam®.
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Affiliation(s)
- MK Ho
- North District Hospital, Accident and Emergency Department, 9 Po Kin Road, Sheung Shui, New Territories, Hong Kong
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76
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Hamilton DA, Ernst CC, Kramer WG, Madden D, Lang E, Liao E, Lacouture PG, Ramaiya A, Carr DB. Pharmacokinetics of Diclofenac and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin (HPβCD) Following Administration of Injectable HPβCD-Diclofenac in Subjects With Mild to Moderate Renal Insufficiency or Mild Hepatic Impairment. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2017; 7:110-122. [PMID: 29197175 PMCID: PMC5814843 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Given their established analgesic properties, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent an important postoperative pain management option. This study investigated: (1) the effects of mild or moderate renal insufficiency and mild hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of diclofenac and hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD) following administration of the injectable NSAID HPβCD‐diclofenac; and (2) the PK of HPβCD following administration of HPβCD‐diclofenac and intravenous itraconazole formulated with HPβCD in healthy adults. Diclofenac clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vz) tended to increase with decreasing renal function (moderate insufficiency versus mild insufficiency or healthy controls). Regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between Vz (but not CL or elimination half‐life, t½) and renal function. HPβCD CL was significantly decreased in subjects with renal insufficiency, with a corresponding increase in t½. There were no significant differences in diclofenac or HPβCD PK in subjects with mild hepatic impairment versus healthy subjects. Exposure to HPβCD in healthy subjects following HPβCD‐diclofenac administration was ∼12% of that with intravenous itraconazole, after adjusting for dosing schedule and predicted accumulation (<5% without adjustment). With respect to PK properties, these results suggest that HPβCD‐diclofenac might be administered to patients with mild or moderate renal insufficiency or mild hepatic impairment without dose adjustment (NCT00805090).
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Hamilton
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA).,New Biology Ventures LLC, San Mateo, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia C Ernst
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA)
| | | | - Donna Madden
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA)
| | - Eric Lang
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA)
| | - Edward Liao
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA)
| | - Peter G Lacouture
- Magidom Discovery, LLC, St. Augustine, FL, USA.,Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Daniel B Carr
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA, (now Hospira, a Pfizer company, Lake Forest, IL, USA).,Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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77
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Nevídalová H, Michalcová L, Glatz Z. In-depth insight into the methods of plasma protein-drug interaction studies: Comparison of capillary electrophoresis-frontal analysis, isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism and equilibrium dialysis. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:581-589. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Nevídalová
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Michalcová
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Glatz
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
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78
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Alabi QK, Akomolafe RO, Olukiran OS, Adeyemi WJ, Nafiu AO, Adefisayo MA, Omole JG, Kajewole DI, Odujoko OO. The Garcinia kola biflavonoid kolaviron attenuates experimental hepatotoxicity induced by diclofenac. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:281-290. [PMID: 28822616 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the effects of kolaviron on diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 10 rats each as follows: a control group that received oral propylene glycol and treatment groups that received diclofenac alone, diclofenac followed by Livolin Forte (a reference drug), or diclofenac followed by kolaviron at three different doses. At the end of the study period, five rats per group were sacrificed under ketamine hydrochloride anesthetic, 24h after treatment, while the other 5 rats in the group were allowed to recover for 2 weeks before being sacrificed. Liver enzyme activities, total bilirubin levels, and the concentrations of several pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using plasma samples, while liver tissue samples were used for antioxidant analysis and histopathological examination. Compared with the control group, plasma liver enzyme activities, along with bilirubin levels, were higher in the groups that received diclofenac alone or diclofenac+the highest dose of kolaviron, respectively. These groups had higher plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines than did the control group. However, the administration of Livolin Forte and kolaviron (at the lower doses) ameliorated diclofenac-induced hepatic injury by improving antioxidant status, preventing an increase in inflammatory mediators, decreasing malondialdehyde, and attenuating the adverse effect of diclofenac on hepatic tissues. In addition, there was a significant difference in the histological scores between the groups that received either diclofenac alone or diclofenac followed by the highest dose of kolaviron when compared with the other three groups (Livolin Forte or lower doses of kolaviron). In conclusion, kolaviron appears to be as effective as Livolin in attenuating DCLF-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. However, high doses of kolaviron seem to cause damage to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quadri Kunle Alabi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Rufus Ojo Akomolafe
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Olaoluwa Sesan Olukiran
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Wale Johnson Adeyemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Aliyat Olajumoke Nafiu
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Modinat Adebukola Adefisayo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Gbenga Omole
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Deborah Ifeoluwa Kajewole
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole Olaniyi Odujoko
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo, University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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79
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Zavgorodnya O, Carmona-Moran CA, Kozlovskaya V, Liu F, Wick TM, Kharlampieva E. Temperature-responsive nanogel multilayers of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) for topical drug delivery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 506:589-602. [PMID: 28759859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report nanothin temperature-responsive hydrogel films of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) nanoparticles (νPVCL) with remarkably high loading capacity for topical drug delivery. Highly swollen (νPVCL)n multilayer hydrogels, where n denotes the number of nanoparticle layers, are produced by layer-by-layer hydrogen-bonded assembly of core-shell PVCL-co-acrylic acid nanoparticles with linear PVPON followed by cross-linking of the acrylic acid shell with either ethylene diamine (EDA) or adipic acid dihydrazide (AAD). We demonstrate that a (νPVCL)5 film undergoes dramatic and reversible swelling up to 9 times its dry thickness at pH = 7.5, indicating 89v/v % of water inside the network. These hydrogels exhibit highly reversible ∼3-fold thickness changes with temperature variations from 25 to 50°C at pH = 5, the average pH of human skin. We also show that a (νPVCL)30 hydrogel loaded with ∼120µgcm-2 sodium diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for osteoarthritis pain management, provides sustained permeation of this drug through an artificial skin membrane for up to 24h at 32°C (the average human skin surface temperature). The cumulative amount of diclofenac transported at 32°C from the (νPVCL)30 hydrogel after 24h is 12 times higher than that from the (νPVCL)30 hydrogel at 22°C. Finally, we demonstrate that the (νPVCL) hydrogels can be used for multiple drug delivery by inclusion of Nile red, fluorescein and DAPI dyes within the νPVCL nanoparticles prior to hydrogel assembly. Using confocal microscopy we observed the presence of separate dye-loaded νPVCL compartments within the hydrogel matrix with all three dyes confined to the nanogel particles without intermixing between the dyes. Our study provides opportunity for development of temperature-responsive multilayer hydrogel coatings made via the assembly of core-shell nanogel particles which can be used for skin-sensitive materials for topical drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Zavgorodnya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14thSt South, CHEM294, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Carlos A Carmona-Moran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1075 13th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14thSt South, CHEM294, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14thSt South, CHEM294, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Timothy M Wick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1075 13th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14thSt South, CHEM294, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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80
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Yuan J, Ma H, Cen N, Zhou A, Tao H. A pharmacokinetic study of diclofenac sodium in rats. Biomed Rep 2017; 7:179-182. [PMID: 28781777 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous injection (i.v.) and oral administration (p.o.) of diclofenac sodium (DIC) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Twelve male SD rats were divided into 2 groups (n=6 per group); one group was injected intravenously with 2 mg/kg DIC, whereas the other group was lavaged with 2 mg/kg DIC. Blood samples were collected prior to DIC delivery (0 h) and 0.033, 0.083, 0.167, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h post-administration. Blood plasma samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) following pretreatment to induce protein precipitation. Pharmacokinetics software was applied to calculate relevant pharmacokinetic parameters using a non-compartmental model. Following i.v. administration of DIC, the terminal elimination rate constant (λz), apparent terminal elimination half-life (t½), area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-∞), clearance (CL), apparent volume of distribution (Vz), mean residence time (MRT), and apparent volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) were 0.57±0.05 l/h, 1.22±0.11 h, 3356±238 h × ng/ml, 0.60±0.04 l/h, 1.05±0.10 l, 1.05±0.07 h and 0.63±0.07 l, respectively. Following p.o. administration of DIC, the λz, t½, Cmax, tmax, AUC0-∞, CL, Vz, MRT were: 0.63±0.12 l/h, 1.12±0.18 h, 1272±112 ng/ml, 0.19±0.04 h, 2501±303 h × ng/ml, 0.81±0.10 l/h, 1.29±0.12 l, and 2.70±0.18 h, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of i.v. and p.o. DIC in rats show that the drug is rapidly absorbed, distributed, and eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - He Ma
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - Nannan Cen
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - Ai Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
| | - Hengxun Tao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, P.R. China
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81
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Vijayasteltar L, Jismy I, Joseph A, Maliakel B, Kuttan R, I.M. K. Beyond the flavor: A green formulation of Ferula asafoetida oleo-gum-resin with fenugreek dietary fibre and its gut health potential. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:382-390. [PMID: 28959663 PMCID: PMC5615140 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Albeit the fact that asafotida is a popular kitchen spice and Indian folklore medicine for gut disorders, its consumption at physiologically relevant dosage is greatly challenged by the unpleasant flavor characteristics. Herein we report a green approach to derive stable powder formulations of asafoetida gum with minimized taste and odor suitable for dietary applications and gut health-related disorders. Employing a water based ultrasound mediated gel-phase dispersion of asafoetida gum on fenugreek derived soluble galactomannan fibre matrix. Microencapsulated particles (1 ± 0.3 μm) of asafoetida was prepared as water dispersible free flowing powder (Asafin). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), accelerated stability and in vitro dissolution studies confirmed the stability, sustained release and microencapsulated structure of Asafin. Further investigations revealed significant (p < 0.01) reduction in acetic acid-induced writings and inhibition of ethanol-induced ulcer (94.1%) in rats orally administered with Asafin at 250 mg kg-1 b.w. Asafin also exhibited anti-inflammatory effects (p < 0.01), in acute and chronic paw edema mice models. The safety of Asafin was further demonstrated by acute toxicity studies at 4 g kg-1 b.w. and by 28 days of sub-acute toxicity studies at 2.0 g kg-1 b.w.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I.J. Jismy
- Amala Cancer Research Centre, Trichur, 680555, Kerala, India
| | - Ashil Joseph
- Akay Flavours & Aromatics Ltd., R&D Centre, Cochin, 683561, Kerala, India
| | - Balu Maliakel
- Akay Flavours & Aromatics Ltd., R&D Centre, Cochin, 683561, Kerala, India
| | | | - Krishnakumar I.M.
- Akay Flavours & Aromatics Ltd., R&D Centre, Cochin, 683561, Kerala, India
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82
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Gazdová K, Kubiňáková E, Híveš J, Mackuľak T. Degradation of anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac in sewage water. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/acs-2017-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, interest in the presence of chemical and biological pollutants (drugs, pesticides, heavy metals etc.) in sewage water has been permanently increasing and, at the same time, significant effort to eliminate them has been shown. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of ferrates activity on the decomposition of the drug diclofenac (DCF), which is commonly present in sewage water. The main task is to follow the effect of potassium ferrate dosage on DCF degradation and to evaluate the most effective ferrates concentration in solution. Subsequently, real samples of waste water containing a significant amount of various micro‑pollutants were treated by the same amount of ferrates as laboratory samples. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the sample analysis. Ferrates removal effectiveness was determined by comparing the chromatographic peak areas of residual DCF in the treated samples. Removal efficiency of diclofenac is proportional to the concentration of potassium ferrate in the treated solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Gazdová
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - Emília Kubiňáková
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Híveš
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Mackuľak
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava , Slovak Republic
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83
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Gudnason K, Solodova S, Vilardell A, Masson M, Sigurdsson S, Jonsdottir F. Numerical simulation of Franz diffusion experiment: Application to drug loaded soft contact lenses. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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84
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Abstract
An intravenous bolus formulation of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac sodium has been developed using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as a solubility enhancer. HPβCD diclofenac (Dyloject(TM)) is available for use in adults in the USA for the management of mild to moderate pain, and as monotherapy or in combination with opioid analgesics for the management of moderate to severe pain. In two multicentre, phase III studies in adults with acute moderate to severe postoperative pain, HPβCD diclofenac significantly reduced pain intensity and the need for rescue medication compared with placebo. In these studies, the tolerability profile of HPβCD diclofenac was generally similar to that of placebo and adverse events were mostly mild to moderate in severity. Constipation, infusion-site pain and dizziness were the most frequently reported adverse reactions occurring numerically more frequently with HPβCD diclofenac than placebo. Therapy with HPβCD diclofenac does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular, renal or bleeding-related adverse events versus placebo. Thus, HPβCD diclofenac extends the treatment options currently available for the management of moderate to severe postoperative pain in adults.
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85
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Saraji M, Maleki B, Khayamian T, Mehrafza N. Electrospray Ionization-Ion Mobility Spectrometry in the Negative Mode Combined with Hollow Fiber Liquid–Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Diclofenac in Urine and Plasma Samples. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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86
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Fu Q, Ye Q, Zhang J, Richards J, Borchardt D, Gan J. Diclofenac in Arabidopsis cells: Rapid formation of conjugates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 222:383-392. [PMID: 28012668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are continuously introduced into the soil-plant system, through practices such as agronomic use of reclaimed water and biosolids containing these trace contaminants. Plants may accumulate PPCPs from soil, serving as a conduit for human exposure. Metabolism likely controls the final accumulation of PPCPs in plants, but is in general poorly understood for emerging contaminants. In this study, we used diclofenac as a model compound, and employed 14C tracing, and time-of-flight (TOF) and triple quadruple (QqQ) mass spectrometers to unravel its metabolism pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana cells. We further validated the primary metabolites in Arabidopsis seedlings. Diclofenac was quickly taken up into A. thaliana cells. Phase I metabolism involved hydroxylation and successive oxidation and cyclization reactions. However, Phase I metabolites did not accumulate appreciably; they were instead rapidly conjugated with sulfate, glucose, and glutamic acid through Phase II metabolism. In particular, diclofenac parent was directly conjugated with glutamic acid, with acyl-glutamatyl-diclofenac accounting for >70% of the extractable metabolites after 120-h incubation. In addition, at the end of incubation, >40% of the spiked diclofenac was in the non-extractable form, suggesting extensive sequestration into cell matter. The rapid formation of non-extractable residue and dominance of diclofenac-glutamate conjugate uncover previously unknown metabolism pathways for diclofenac. In particular, the rapid conjugation of parent highlights the need to consider conjugates of emerging contaminants in higher plants, and their biological activity and human health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuguo Fu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jaben Richards
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Dan Borchardt
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
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87
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Intini FP, Zajac J, Novohradsky V, Saltarella T, Pacifico C, Brabec V, Natile G, Kasparkova J. Novel Antitumor Platinum(II) Conjugates Containing the Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent Diclofenac: Synthesis and Dual Mechanisms of Antiproliferative Effects. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1483-1497. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Teresa Saltarella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Pacifico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kralovopolska 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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88
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McNicol ED, Ferguson MC, Schumann R. Single dose intravenous diclofenac for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 2017:CD012498. [PMCID: PMC6464978 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of a single dose of intravenous diclofenac, compared with placebo or an active comparator, for moderate to severe postoperative pain in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roman Schumann
- Tufts Medical CenterDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineBostonUSA
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89
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Sciatic nerve injury following analgesic drug injection in rats: A histopathological examination. North Clin Istanb 2017; 5:176-185. [PMID: 30688928 PMCID: PMC6323560 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2017.28190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Sciatic nerve neuropathy can be observed following intramuscular gluteal injections. The histopathological examination of sciatic nerve damage following intramuscular injection in the gluteal region for acute pain treatment is not feasible in humans due to the inability to dissect and examine the nerve tissue. To overcome this issue, we used a rat model for demonstrating damage to the sciatic nerve tissue after the application of commonly used drug injections. METHODS: We investigated possible damage following the intramuscular injection of diclofenac, lornoxicam, morphine, and pethidine in a rat model based on histopathological characteristics such as myelin degeneration, axon degeneration, epineurium degeneration, fibrosis, epineurium thickening, perineurium thickening, lymphocyte infiltration, vacuolization, and edema. RESULTS: All the analgesic drugs used in our study induced histopathological changes in the sciatic nerve. Anti-S100 positivity, showing nerve damage, was found to be the lowest in the group treated with diclofenac. Neurotoxic effects of diclofenac on the sciatic nerve were greater than those of the other drugs used in the study. Lornoxicam induced the least histopathological changes in the nerve. CONCLUSION: Diclofenac induced severe nerve damage not only after direct injection in the sciatic nerve but also after injection in the area around the nerve. Thus, we recommend restricting the use of intramuscular gluteal injections of diclofenac. Intramuscular use of morphine and pethidine should also be overviewed.
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90
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Gan TJ, Singla N, Daniels SE, Hamilton DA, Lacouture PG, Reyes CR, Carr DB. Postoperative opioid sparing with injectable hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-diclofenac: pooled analysis of data from two Phase III clinical trials. J Pain Res 2016; 10:15-29. [PMID: 28053554 PMCID: PMC5191619 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s106578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Use of nonopioid analgesics (including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) for postoperative pain management can reduce opioid consumption and potentially prevent opioid-related adverse events. This study examined the postoperative opioid-sparing effect of repeated-dose injectable diclofenac formulated with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD)-diclofenac. Patients and methods Pooled data from two double-blind, randomized, placebo- and active comparator-controlled Phase III trials were analyzed. Patients received HPβCD-diclofenac, placebo, or ketorolac by intravenous injection every 6 hours for up to 5 days following abdominal/pelvic or orthopedic surgery. Rescue opioid use was evaluated from the time of first study drug administration to up to 120 hours following the first dose in the overall study population and in subgroups defined by baseline pain severity, age, and HPβCD-diclofenac dose. Results Overall, 608 patients received ≥1 dose of study medication and were included in the analysis. While 93.2% of patients receiving placebo required opioids, the proportion of patients requiring opioids was significantly lower for patients receiving HPβCD-diclofenac (18.75, 37.5, or 50 mg) or ketorolac (P<0.005 for all comparisons). Mean cumulative opioid dose and number of doses were significantly lower among patients receiving HPβCD-diclofenac versus placebo for the 0–24 through 0–120 hour time periods (P<0.0001), as well as versus ketorolac for the 0–72 through 0–120 hour time periods (P<0.05). HPβCD-diclofenac significantly reduced opioid consumption versus placebo in subgroups based on baseline pain severity (moderate, severe) and age (<65 years, ≥65 years) from the 0–24 hour period onward. When compared to ketorolac, HPβCD-diclofenac also significantly reduced cumulative opioid consumption among patients with moderate baseline pain (0–72 through 0–120 hours) and opioid dose number among patients ≥65 years old (0–24 through 0–120 hours). Conclusion HPβCD-diclofenac can reduce postoperative opioid requirements. As this analysis was not powered to compare opioid-related adverse event rates, follow-up studies examining the clinical impact of HPβCD-diclofenac’s opioid sparing are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong J Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, NY
| | | | | | - Douglas A Hamilton
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA; New Biology Ventures, LLC, San Mateo, CA
| | - Peter G Lacouture
- Magidom Discovery, LLC, St Augustine, FL; Department of Emergency Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI
| | | | - Daniel B Carr
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA; Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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91
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Bukara K, Drvenica I, Ilić V, Stančić A, Mišić D, Vasić B, Gajić R, Vučetić D, Kiekens F, Bugarski B. Comparative studies on osmosis based encapsulation of sodium diclofenac in porcine and outdated human erythrocyte ghosts. J Biotechnol 2016; 240:14-22. [PMID: 27773756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to develop controlled drug delivery system based on erythrocyte ghosts for amphiphilic compound sodium diclofenac considering the differences between erythrocytes derived from two readily available materials - porcine slaughterhouse and outdated transfusion human blood. Starting erythrocytes, empty erythrocyte ghosts and diclofenac loaded ghosts were compared in terms of the encapsulation efficiency, drug releasing profiles, size distribution, surface charge, conductivity, surface roughness and morphology. The encapsulation of sodium diclofenac was performed by an osmosis based process - gradual hemolysis. During this process sodium diclofenac exerted mild and delayed antihemolytic effect and increased potassium efflux in porcine but not in outdated human erythrocytes. FTIR spectra revealed lack of any membrane lipid disorder and chemical reaction with sodium diclofenac in encapsulated ghosts. Outdated human erythrocyte ghosts with detected nanoscale damages and reduced ability to shrink had encapsulation efficiency of only 8%. On the other hand, porcine erythrocyte ghosts had encapsulation efficiency of 37% and relatively slow drug release rate. More preserved structure and functional properties of porcine erythrocytes related to their superior encapsulation and release performances, define them as more appropriate for the usage in sodium diclofenac encapsulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Bukara
- Department Pharmaceutics, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Drvenica
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Ilić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Stančić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Mišić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Borislav Vasić
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radoš Gajić
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Vučetić
- Institute for Tranfusiology and Haemobiology of Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Filip Kiekens
- Department Pharmaceutics, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Branko Bugarski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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92
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Will OM, Purcz N, Chalaris A, Heneweer C, Boretius S, Purcz L, Nikkola L, Ashammakhi N, Kalthoff H, Glüer CC, Wiltfang J, Açil Y, Tiwari S. Increased survival rate by local release of diclofenac in a murine model of recurrent oral carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5311-5321. [PMID: 27789944 PMCID: PMC5068477 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s109199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite aggressive treatment with radiation and combination chemotherapy following tumor resection, the 5-year survival rate for patients with head and neck cancer is at best only 50%. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of localized release of diclofenac from electrospun nanofibers generated from poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) polymer. Diclofenac was chosen since anti-inflammatory agents that inhibit cyclooxygenase have shown great potential in their ability to directly inhibit tumor growth as well as suppress inflammation-mediated tumor growth. A mouse resection model of oral carcinoma was developed by establishing tumor growth in the oral cavity by ultrasound-guided injection of 1 million SCC-9 cells in the floor of the mouth. Following resection, mice were allocated into four groups with the following treatment: 1) no treatment, 2) implanted scaffolds without diclofenac, 3) implanted scaffolds loaded with diclofenac, and 4) diclofenac given orally. Small animal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were utilized for longitudinal determination of tumor recurrence. At the end of 7 weeks following tumor resection, 33% of mice with diclofenac-loaded scaffolds had a recurrent tumor, in comparison to 90%–100% of the mice in the other three groups. At this time point, mice with diclofenac-releasing scaffolds showed 89% survival rate, while the other groups showed survival rates of 10%–25%. Immunohistochemical staining of recurrent tumors revealed a near 10-fold decrease in the proliferation marker Ki-67 in the tumors derived from mice with diclofenac-releasing scaffolds. In summary, the local application of diclofenac in an orthotopic mouse tumor resection model of oral cancer reduced tumor recurrence with significant improvement in survival over a 7-week study period following tumor resection. Local drug release of anti-inflammatory agents should be investigated as a therapeutic option in the prevention of tumor recurrence in oral squamous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Maria Will
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC
| | - Nicolai Purcz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
| | - Athena Chalaris
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
| | - Carola Heneweer
- Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel; Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC
| | - Larissa Purcz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
| | - Lila Nikkola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Wiltfang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
| | - Yahya Açil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, MOIN CC
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93
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Manca ML, Cencetti C, Matricardi P, Castangia I, Zaru M, Sales OD, Nacher A, Valenti D, Maccioni AM, Fadda AM, Manconi M. Glycerosomes: Use of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine mixture and its effect on vesicle features and diclofenac skin penetration. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:198-204. [PMID: 27418567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, diclofenac was encapsulated, as sodium salt, in glycerosomes containing 10, 20 or 30% of glycerol in the water phase with the aim to ameliorate its topical efficacy. Taking into account previous findings, glycerosome formulation was modified, in terms of economic suitability, using a cheap and commercially available mixture of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (P90H). P90H glycerosomes were spherical and multilamellar; photon correlation spectroscopy showed that obtained vesicles were ∼131nm, slightly larger and more polydispersed than those made with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) but, surprisingly, they were able to ameliorate the local delivery of diclofenac, which was improved with respect to previous findings, in particular using glycerosomes containing high amount of glycerol (20 and 30%). Finally, this drug delivery system showed a high in vitro biocompatibility toward human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Manca
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Cencetti
- Dept. Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza, University of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Pietro Matricardi
- Dept. Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza, University of Roma, Roma, Italy.
| | - Ines Castangia
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Zaru
- Icnoderm srl, Sardegna Ricerche Ed.5, 09010 Pula, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Octavio Diez Sales
- Dept. Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica, University of Valencia, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Nacher
- Dept. Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica, University of Valencia, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Donatella Valenti
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Maccioni
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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94
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Pandey A, Kumar VL. Protective Effect of Metformin against Acute Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rat. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:278-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanu Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110 029 India
| | - Vijay L. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110 029 India
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95
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Liao AH, Chung HY, Chen WS, Yeh MK. Efficacy of Combined Ultrasound-and-Microbubbles-Mediated Diclofenac Gel Delivery to Enhance Transdermal Permeation in Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Rat. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:1976-1985. [PMID: 27181685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A previous study that investigated the effect of ultrasound (US) on the transdermal permeation of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac found that therapeutic US can increase circulation in an inflamed joint and decrease arthritic pain. Transdermal drug delivery has recently been demonstrated by US combined with microbubbles (MB) contrast agent (henceforth referred to as "US-MB"). The present study evaluated the efficacy of US-MB-mediated diclofenac delivery for treating adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in rats. RA was induced by injecting 100 μL of complete Freund's adjuvant into the ankle joint of male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) that were randomly divided into five treatment groups: (i) carbopol gel alone (the control [group C]), (ii) diclofenac-carbopol gel (group D), (iii) US plus carbopol gel (group U), (iv) US plus diclofenac-carbopol gel (group DU) and (v) US-MB plus diclofenac-carbopol gel (group DUB). The ankle width was measured over 10 d using high-frequency (40-MHz) US B-mode and color Doppler-mode imaging, covering the period before and after treatment. Longitudinal US images of the induced RA showed synovitis and neovascularity. Only a small amount of neovascularity was observed after treatment. The recovery rate on day 10 was significantly higher in group DUB (97.7% ± 2.7%, mean ± standard deviation [SD]) than in groups C (1.0% ± 2.7%), D (37.5% ± 4.6%), U (75.5% ± 4.2%) and DU (87.3% ± 5.2%) (p < 0.05). The results obtained indicate that combining US and MB can increase the skin permeability and thereby enhance the delivery of diclofenac sodium gel and thereby inhibit inflammation of the tissues surrounding the arthritic ankle. Color Doppler-mode imaging revealed that US-MB treatment induced a rapid reduction in synovial neoangiogenesis in the arthritic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ho Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Huan-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan; National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kung Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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96
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Daniels SE, Gan TJT, Hamilton DA, Singla N, Lacouture PG, Johnson O, Min LH, Reyes CRD, Carr DB. A Pooled Analysis Evaluating Renal Safety in Placebo- and Active Comparator-Controlled Phase III Trials of Multiple-Dose Injectable HPβCD-Diclofenac in Subjects with Acute Postoperative Pain. PAIN MEDICINE 2016; 17:2378-2388. [PMID: 28025372 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE : While injectable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a key component of postoperative multimodal analgesia, renal safety concerns may limit use in some patients. This study examined the renal safety of injectable HPβCD-diclofenac when given for ≤ 5 days following orthopedic or abdominal/pelvic surgery. METHODS : Pooled analysis of data from two randomized, placebo- and active comparator-controlled phase III trials in 608 total patients was conducted. Renal safety was assessed by examining treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) and postoperative blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine shifts. RESULTS : There were three renal AEs each in the HPβCD-diclofenac (n = 318 patients) and placebo (n = 148 patients) groups, and two renal AEs in the ketorolac group (n = 142 patients). No significant difference in renal AE risk was detected for patients receiving HPβCD-diclofenac (RR: 1.40 [0.15,13.3]; P = 0.75) or ketorolac (RR: 2.08 [0.19,22.7]; P = 0.56) versus placebo. All renal AEs were mild or moderate in severity, and a single renal AE (acute renal failure in a patient receiving HPβCD-diclofenac) was treatment-related. One incidence of postoperative shift to high (> upper limit of normal) serum creatinine occurred in the HPβCD-diclofenac group (n = 2 in the ketorolac group). Mean changes in serum creatinine or BUN did not differ significantly between patients receiving HPβCD-diclofenac and placebo. CONCLUSIONS : While this analysis examined relatively brief exposure typical for parenterally administered analgesics in the postoperative setting in patients with largely normal renal function, the results suggest that HPβCD-diclofenac use for acute postoperative pain may not be associated with added renal safety risks over placebo in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tong J Tj Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Douglas A Hamilton
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Hospira), a Pfizer Company, Lake Forest, Illinois.,New Biology Ventures LLC, San Mateo, California
| | - Neil Singla
- Lotus Clinical Research, LLC, Pasadena, California
| | - Peter G Lacouture
- Magidom Discovery, LLC, St. Augustine, Florida.,Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Lauren H Min
- **Hospira, a Pfizer Company, Lake Forest, Illinois
| | | | - Daniel B Carr
- Javelin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Hospira), a Pfizer Company, Lake Forest, Illinois .,Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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97
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Carmona-Moran CA, Zavgorodnya O, Penman AD, Kharlampieva E, Bridges SL, Hergenrother RW, Singh JA, Wick TM. Development of gellan gum containing formulations for transdermal drug delivery: Component evaluation and controlled drug release using temperature responsive nanogels. Int J Pharm 2016; 509:465-476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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98
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Silva LCR, Castor MGME, Navarro LC, Romero TRL, Duarte IDG. κ-Opioid receptor participates of NSAIDs peripheral antinociception. Neurosci Lett 2016; 622:6-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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99
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Das S, Subuddhi U. Controlled and targeted delivery of diclofenac sodium to the intestine from pH-Responsive chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) interpenetrating polymeric network hydrogels. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x16020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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100
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Issac A, Gopakumar G, Kuttan R, Maliakel B, Krishnakumar IM. Safety and anti-ulcerogenic activity of a novel polyphenol-rich extract of clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum L). Food Funct 2016; 6:842-52. [PMID: 25605463 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the various reports on the pharmacology of Clove bud [Syzygium aromaticum]-derived essential oil and its major component eugenol, systematic information on the bioactivity of clove polyphenols is very limited. Clove buds being one of the richest sources of dietary polyphenols with many traditional medicinal uses, the present contribution attempted to derive their standardized polyphenol-rich extracts as a water soluble free flowing powder (Clovinol) suitable for functional food applications, without the issues of its characteristic pungency and aroma. The extract was characterized by electrospray ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS), and investigated for in vivo antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities. Clovinol showed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as measured by cellular antioxidant levels, and the ability to inhibit carrageenan-induced paw swelling in mice. Further investigations revealed its significant anti-ulcerogenic activity (>97% inhibition of ethanol-induced stomach ulcers in Wistar rats when orally administered at 100 mg per kg b.w.) and up regulation of in vivo antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT). Clovinol also reduced the extent of lipid peroxidation among ulcer induced rats, indicating its usefulness in ameliorating oxidative stress and improving gastrointestinal health, especially upon chronic alcohol consumption. The extract was also shown to be safe and suitable for further investigations and development upon acute toxicity studies at 5 g per kg body weight and 28 days of repeated dose toxicity studies at 2.5 g per kg b.w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abin Issac
- Akay Flavours & Aromatics Ltd., R&D Centre, Ambunadu, Malayidamthuruthu P.O., Cochin - 683561, India.
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