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Mahmoudian M, Razmara E, Mahmud Hussen B, Simiyari M, Lotfizadeh N, Motaghed H, Khazraei Monfared A, Montazeri M, Babashah S. Identification of a six-microRNA signature as a potential diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer tissues. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24010. [PMID: 34528314 PMCID: PMC8605139 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is by far the most common malignancy among women. Epigenetic modulators, microRNAs in particular, may set stages for BC development and its progression. Herein, we aimed to assess the diagnostic potentiality of a signature of six miRNAs (i.e., hsa-miR-25-3p, -29a-5p, -105-3p, -181b1-5p, -335-5p, and -339-5p) in BC and adjacent non-tumor tissues. METHODS A pair of 50 tumor and adjacent non-tumor samples were taken from BC patients. The expression of each candidate miRNA was measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. To investigate the possible roles of each miRNA and their impressions on BC prognosis, in silico tools were used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of each miRNA and the possible association of their expression with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. RESULTS Our findings showed the upregulation of hsa-miR-25-3p, -29a-5p, -105-3p, and -181b1-5p, and the downregulation of hsa-miR-335-5p and -339-5p in BC tumor compared to corresponding adjacent tissues. Except for hsa-miR-339-5p, the up-/down-regulation of the candidate miRNAs was associated with TNM stages. Except for hsa-miR-105-3p, each candidate miRNA was correlated with HER-2 status. ROC curve analysis showed that the signature of six-miRNA is a potential biomarker distinguishing between tumor and non-tumor breast tissue samples. CONCLUSION We showed that the dysregulation of a novel signature of six-miRNA can be used as a potential biomarker for BC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Mahmoudian
- Department of GeneticsFaculty of SciencesScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical GeneticsFaculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyHawler Medical UniversityKurdistan RegionIraq
| | - Mandana Simiyari
- Department of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineTabriz BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTabrizIran
| | - Nazanin Lotfizadeh
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Hoda Motaghed
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Arefeh Khazraei Monfared
- Department of BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesIslamic Azad University‐Tehran North BranchTehranIran
| | - Maryam Montazeri
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular GeneticsFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Neagu AN, Whitham D, Buonanno E, Jenkins A, Alexa-Stratulat T, Tamba BI, Darie CC. Proteomics and its applications in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4006-4049. [PMID: 34659875 PMCID: PMC8493401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an individually unique, multi-faceted and chameleonic disease, an eternal challenge for the new era of high-integrated precision diagnostic and personalized oncomedicine. Besides traditional single-omics fields (such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics) and multi-omics contributions (proteogenomics, proteotranscriptomics or reproductomics), several new "-omics" approaches and exciting proteomics subfields are contributing to basic and advanced understanding of these "multiple diseases termed breast cancer": phenomics/cellomics, connectomics and interactomics, secretomics, matrisomics, exosomics, angiomics, chaperomics and epichaperomics, phosphoproteomics, ubiquitinomics, metalloproteomics, terminomics, degradomics and metadegradomics, adhesomics, stressomics, microbiomics, immunomics, salivaomics, materiomics and other biomics. Throughout the extremely complex neoplastic process, a Breast Cancer Cell Continuum Concept (BCCCC) has been modeled in this review as a spatio-temporal and holistic approach, as long as the breast cancer represents a complex cascade comprising successively integrated populations of heterogeneous tumor and cancer-associated cells, that reflect the carcinoma's progression from a "driving mutation" and formation of the breast primary tumor, toward the distant secondary tumors in different tissues and organs, via circulating tumor cell populations. This BCCCC is widely sustained by a Breast Cancer Proteomic Continuum Concept (BCPCC), where each phenotype of neoplastic and tumor-associated cells is characterized by a changing and adaptive proteomic profile detected in solid and liquid minimal invasive biopsies by complex proteomics approaches. Such a profile is created, beginning with the proteomic landscape of different neoplastic cell populations and cancer-associated cells, followed by subsequent analysis of protein biomarkers involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and intravasation, circulating tumor cell proteomics, and, finally, by protein biomarkers that highlight the extravasation and distant metastatic invasion. Proteomics technologies are producing important data in breast cancer diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers discovery and validation, are detecting genetic aberrations at the proteome level, describing functional and regulatory pathways and emphasizing specific protein and peptide profiles in human tissues, biological fluids, cell lines and animal models. Also, proteomics can identify different breast cancer subtypes and specific protein and proteoform expression, can assess the efficacy of cancer therapies at cellular and tissular level and can even identify new therapeutic target proteins in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of IașiCarol I bvd. No. 22, Iași 700505, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Emma Buonanno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Avalon Jenkins
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Teodora Alexa-Stratulat
- Department of Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and PharmacyIndependenței bvd. No. 16-18, Iași 700021, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Advanced Center for Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and PharmacyMihail Kogălniceanu Street No. 9-13, Iași 700454, Romania
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson UniversityPotsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Rubinstein MM, Brown KA, Iyengar NM. Targeting obesity-related dysfunction in hormonally driven cancers. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:495-509. [PMID: 33911195 PMCID: PMC8368182 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for at least 13 different types of cancer, many of which are hormonally driven, and is associated with increased cancer incidence and morbidity. Adult obesity rates are steadily increasing and a subsequent increase in cancer burden is anticipated. Obesity-related dysfunction can contribute to cancer pathogenesis and treatment resistance through various mechanisms, including those mediated by insulin, leptin, adipokine, and aromatase signalling pathways, particularly in women. Furthermore, adiposity-related changes can influence tumour vascularity and inflammation in the tumour microenvironment, which can support tumour development and growth. Trials investigating non-pharmacological approaches to target the mechanisms driving obesity-mediated cancer pathogenesis are emerging and are necessary to better appreciate the interplay between malignancy, adiposity, diet and exercise. Diet, exercise and bariatric surgery are potential strategies to reverse the cancer-promoting effects of obesity; trials of these interventions should be conducted in a scientifically rigorous manner with dose escalation and appropriate selection of tumour phenotypes and have cancer-related clinical and mechanistic endpoints. We are only beginning to understand the mechanisms by which obesity effects cell signalling and systemic factors that contribute to oncogenesis. As the rates of obesity and cancer increase, we must promote the development of non-pharmacological lifestyle trials for the treatment and prevention of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Rubinstein
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Kristy A. Brown
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Biochemistry in Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | - Neil M. Iyengar
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
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Hosseini F, Imani H, Sheikhhossein F, Majdi M, Ghanbari M, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary Carbohydrate Quality and Quantity and Risk of Breast Cancer among Iranian Women. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:916-926. [PMID: 34180312 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1942931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between quality and quantity of carbohydrate by assessing low carbohydrates diet score (LCDS), carbohydrate quality score (CQI), glycemic index (GI), dietary glycemic load (GL), and dietary carbohydrate intake, and risk of breast cancer (BrCa) among Iranian women. METHODS This hospital-based case-control study was carried out in the Cancer Research Center of Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. We included One hundred and fifty newly diagnosed BrCa cases and one hundred and fifty healthy controls in this study. Socio-demographic and dietary data and anthropometric measures were recorded. RESULTS We found that a higher CQI than a lower score was associated with a decrease in odds of BrCa (P = 0.04). After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed that CQI was not associated with BrCa development (P = 0.05). An increase in odds of BrCa among women in the highest tertiles of GL (P = 0.12), GI (P = 0.48), and dietary carbohydrate intake (P = 0.06) was seen, which was not statistically significant. There was also a non-significant lower chance of having BrCa with adherence to the LCDS (P = 0.09). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CQI was not related to BrCa risk among Iranian women. This relation deserves to be investigated in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sheikhhossein
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Majdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Ghanbari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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SINE Insertion in the Intron of Pig GHR May Decrease Its Expression by Acting as a Repressor. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071871. [PMID: 34201672 PMCID: PMC8300111 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary GH/IGF axis genes play a central role in the regulation of skeletal accretion during development and growth, and thus represent candidate genes for growth traits. Retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms are major contributors to structural variations. They tend to generate large effect mutations resulting in variations in target gene activity and phenotype due to the fact that they carry functional elements, such as enhancers, insulators, or promoters. In the present study, RIPs in four GH/IGF axis genes (GH, GHR, IGF1, and IGF1R) were investigated by comparative genomics and PCR. Four RIPs in the GHR gene and one RIP in the IGF1 gene were identified. Further analysis revealed that one RIP in the first intron of GHR might play a role in the regulation of GHR expression by acting as a repressor. These findings contribute to the understanding of the role of RIPs in the genetic variation of GH/IGF axis genes and phenotypic variation in pigs. Abstract The genetic diversity of the GH/IGF axis genes and their association with the variation of gene expression and phenotypic traits, principally represented by SNPs, have been extensively reported. Nevertheless, the impact of retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms (RIPs) on the GH/IGF axis gene activity has not been reported. In the present study, bioinformatic prediction and PCR verification were performed to screen RIPs in four GH/IGF axis genes (GH, GHR, IGF1 and IGF1R). In total, five RIPs, including one SINE RIP in intron 3 of IGF1, one L1 RIP in intron 7 of GHR, and three SINE RIPs in intron 1, intron 5 and intron 9 of GHR, were confirmed by PCR, displaying polymorphisms in diverse breeds. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that the SINE insertion in intron 1 of GHR significantly repressed the GHR promoter activity in PK15, Hela, C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, qPCR results confirmed that this SINE insertion was associated with a decreased expression of GHR in the leg muscle and longissimus dorsi, indicating that it may act as a repressor involved in the regulation of GHR expression. In summary, our data revealed that RIPs contribute to the genetic variation of GH/IGF axis genes, whereby one SINE RIP in the intron 1 of GHR may decrease the expression of GHR by acting as a repressor.
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Silva Rocha F, da Silva Maués JH, Brito Lins Pereira CM, Moreira-Nunes CA, Rodriguez Burbano RM. Analysis of Increased EGFR and IGF-1R Signaling and Its Correlation with Socio-Epidemiological Features and Biological Profile in Breast Cancer Patients: A Study in Northern Brazil. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2021; 13:325-339. [PMID: 34054308 PMCID: PMC8153070 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s308554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cancer worldwide. It is known that a subset of BC has amplification, and overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and high expression of the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) are correlated with a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive values of the EGFR and IGF-1R in tumor samples from patients with BC and their correlation with socio-epidemiological features. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed socio-epidemiological, clinical-pathological data and tumor tissues from 124 patients with BC undergoing treatment, to assess levels of EGFR and IGF-1R mRNA and protein. The predictive performance included the calculation of area-under-the-curve (AUC) to discriminate groups of patients with high and low mRNA expression associated with survival analysis within each molecular group of BC. RESULTS We found a significant expression increase (p <0.001) in EGFR associated with body mass index, angiolymphatic invasion, compromised lymph nodes and follow-up in 58.1% of the triple-negative and HER overexpression tumors. The increase in IGF-IR was significant (p <0.001) in 41.9% of luminal tumors A and B. ROC analysis showed that EGFR had a higher predictive performance (AUC = 0.891) than IGF-1R (AUC = 0.60). The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that only the high expression of EGFR was associated with a decreased probability of survival for patients, what did not happen with IGF-1R. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that EGFR and IGF-1R expression patterns associated with the clinical characteristics of patients and biological profile influenced the evolution of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jersey Heitor da Silva Maués
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rommel Mário Rodriguez Burbano
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Lero MW, Shaw LM. Diversity of insulin and IGF signaling in breast cancer: Implications for therapy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 527:111213. [PMID: 33607269 PMCID: PMC8035314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the significance of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathway in cancer and assesses its potential as a therapeutic target. Our emphasis is on breast cancer, but this pathway is central to the behavior of many cancers. An understanding of how IR/IGF-1R signaling contributes to the function of the normal mammary gland provides a foundation for understanding its aberrations in breast cancer. Specifically, dysregulation of the expression and function of ligands (insulin, IGF-1 and IGF-2), receptors and their downstream signaling effectors drive breast cancer initiation and progression, often in a subtype-dependent manner. Efforts to target this pathway for the treatment of cancer have been hindered by several factors including a lack of biomarkers to select patients that could respond to targeted therapy and adverse effects on normal metabolism. To this end, we discuss ongoing efforts aimed at overcoming such obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Lero
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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Mirfakhraee S, Chan AVC, Ganji N, Abramowitz J. Dual treatment of acromegaly and hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer with tamoxifen: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:207. [PMID: 33910628 PMCID: PMC8082960 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adjuvant endocrine therapy is recommended for the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are associated with significant musculoskeletal adverse effects, likely through growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 modulation, while tamoxifen reduces insulin-like growth factor 1 production. We describe the case of a patient who was treated successfully with tamoxifen for her hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer and acromegaly. Case presentation A 57-year old White female with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer was diagnosed with acromegaly. She received adjuvant endocrine therapy with anastrozole but could not tolerate this medication because of severe arthralgia, so she was switched to tamoxifen. Shortly after starting tamoxifen, the patient’s musculoskeletal symptoms resolved and her insulin-like growth factor 1 levels normalized. She has remained in remission of her acromegaly and breast cancer since initiating tamoxifen. Conclusion This case highlights the dual benefit of tamoxifen therapy in the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer and acromegaly. Unlike anastrozole, tamoxifen has the benefit of lowering insulin-like growth factor 1 levels, which underscores its advantage in reducing adverse musculoskeletal symptoms during the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. We offer the first reported use of tamoxifen monotherapy for the successful treatment of acromegaly and hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. While tamoxifen may offer an additional, oral option for acromegaly patients who do not respond to or tolerate conventional growth-hormone-lowering therapy, additional studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Mirfakhraee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,UT Southwestern Medical Center, WCB3 8th Floor, 2001 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Alberto V Cabo Chan
- Division of Mineral Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Niloofar Ganji
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Abramowitz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Fitriana M, Hwang WL, Chan PY, Hsueh TY, Liao TT. Roles of microRNAs in Regulating Cancer Stemness in Head and Neck Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071742. [PMID: 33917482 PMCID: PMC8038798 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are epithelial malignancies with 5-year overall survival rates of approximately 40-50%. Emerging evidence indicates that a small population of cells in HNSCC patients, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), play vital roles in the processes of tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, immune evasion, chemo-/radioresistance, and recurrence. The acquisition of stem-like properties of cancer cells further provides cellular plasticity for stress adaptation and contributes to therapeutic resistance, resulting in a worse clinical outcome. Thus, targeting cancer stemness is fundamental for cancer treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate stem cell features in the development and tissue regeneration through a miRNA-target interactive network. In HNSCCs, miRNAs act as tumor suppressors and/or oncogenes to modulate cancer stemness and therapeutic efficacy by regulating the CSC-specific tumor microenvironment (TME) and signaling pathways, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathways. Owing to a deeper understanding of disease-relevant miRNAs and advances in in vivo delivery systems, the administration of miRNA-based therapeutics is feasible and safe in humans, with encouraging efficacy results in early-phase clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the present findings to better understand the mechanical actions of miRNAs in maintaining CSCs and acquiring the stem-like features of cancer cells during HNSCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melysa Fitriana
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Wei-Lun Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Center of Excellence, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Pak-Yue Chan
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.H.)
| | - Tai-Yuan Hsueh
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (T.-Y.H.)
| | - Tsai-Tsen Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2736-1661 (ext. 3435)
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Zhang XF, Ou-Yang L, Yan T, Hu XT, Yan H. A Joint Graphical Model for Inferring Gene Networks Across Multiple Subpopulations and Data Types. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2021; 51:1043-1055. [PMID: 31794418 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2019.2952711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reconstructing gene networks from gene expression data is a long-standing challenge. In most applications, the observations can be divided into several distinct but related subpopulations and the gene expression measurements can be collected from multiple data types. Most existing methods are designed to estimate a single gene network from a single dataset. These methods may be suboptimal since they do not exploit the similarities and differences among different subpopulations and data types. In this article, we propose a joint graphical model to estimate the multiple gene networks simultaneously. Our model decomposes each subpopulation-specific gene network as a sum of common and unique components and imposes a group lasso penalty on gene networks corresponding to different data types. The gene network variations across subpopulations can be learned automatically by the decompositions of networks, and the similarities and differences among data types can be captured by the group lasso penalty. The simulation studies demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. We also apply our method to the cancer genome atlas breast cancer datasets to reconstruct subtype-specific gene networks. Hub nodes in the estimated subnetworks unique to individual cancer subtypes rediscover well-known genes associated with breast cancer subtypes and provide interesting predictions.
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FOLFOX Therapy Induces Feedback Upregulation of CD44v6 through YB-1 to Maintain Stemness in Colon Initiating Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020753. [PMID: 33451103 PMCID: PMC7828641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer initiating cells (CICs) drive tumor formation and drug-resistance, but how they develop drug-resistance characteristics is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that chemotherapeutic agent FOLFOX, commonly used for drug-resistant/metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, induces overexpression of CD44v6, MDR1, and oncogenic transcription/translation factor Y-box-binding protein-1 (YB-1). Our study revealed that CD44v6, a receptor for hyaluronan, increased the YB-1 expression through PGE2/EP1-mTOR pathway. Deleting CD44v6, and YB-1 by the CRISPR/Cas9 system attenuates the in vitro and in vivo tumor growth of CICs from FOLFOX resistant cells. The results of DNA:CD44v6 immunoprecipitated complexes by ChIP (chromatin-immunoprecipitation) assay showed that CD44v6 maintained the stemness traits by promoting several antiapoptotic and stemness genes, including cyclin-D1,BCL2,FZD1,GINS-1, and MMP9. Further, computer-based analysis of the clones obtained from the DNA:CD44v6 complex revealed the presence of various consensus binding sites for core stemness-associated transcription factors “CTOS” (c-Myc, TWIST1, OCT4, and SOX2). Simultaneous expressions of CD44v6 and CTOS in CD44v6 knockout CICs reverted differentiated CD44v6-knockout CICs into CICs. Finally, this study for the first time describes a positive feedback loop that couples YB-1 induction and CD44 alternative splicing to sustain the MDR1 and CD44v6 expressions, and CD44v6 is required for the reversion of differentiated tumor cells into CICs.
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Khodaei M, Rostamizadeh K, Taromchi AH, Monirinasab H, Fathi M. DDAB cationic lipid-mPEG, PCL copolymer hybrid nano-carrier synthesis and application for delivery of siRNA targeting IGF-1R into breast cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1167-1178. [PMID: 33389648 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To use siRNA molecule as a therapeutic agent in gene silencing, an efficient delivery system is necessary. Stability and clearance by reticuloendothelial of siRNA still remains the major challenges for clinical application. Herein, we could develop new lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNP) as a siRNA carrier to silence insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1R) gene overexpression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. METHODS Dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone) (DDAB-mPEG-PCL) LPHNPs were synthesized using a single step nanoprecipitation method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) microscope. Cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was assessed in the MCF7 cell line using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Desired LPHNP-siRNA complex was determined using different Nitrogen:Phosphate ratio (N/P) ratios and gel retardation. To determine the encapsulation efficiency of siRNA (%) in LPHNP, its absorbance was measured. The effect of the siRNA-LPHNP complex on IGF-1R silencing was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) RESULTS: LPHNP was synthesized using a single-step sonication method with a size below 100 nM. The viability of cells treated with hybrid nanoparticles was significantly greater than the corresponding cationic lipid (P < 0.01). As demonstrated by gel retardation assay, efficient siRNA binding to LPHNP occurred at N/P equal to 40 and siRNA encapsulation efficiency was found to be 95% ± 4 at this ratio. LPHNP-IGF-1R siRNA complex could be able to down-regulate the target more efficiently when it compared with the corresponded controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results suggest that DDAB cationic lipid and mPEG-PCL copolymer hybrid nanoparticle may be a good candidate for efficient siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khodaei
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - K Rostamizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - A H Taromchi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - H Monirinasab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - M Fathi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. .,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Vella V, De Francesco EM, Lappano R, Muoio MG, Manzella L, Maggiolini M, Belfiore A. Microenvironmental Determinants of Breast Cancer Metastasis: Focus on the Crucial Interplay Between Estrogen and Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608412. [PMID: 33364239 PMCID: PMC7753049 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of the great majority of breast cancers (BCs) are mainly dependent on the biological action elicited by estrogens through the classical estrogen receptor (ER), as well as the alternate receptor named G-protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). In addition to estrogens, other hormones and growth factors, including the insulin and insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs), play a role in BC. IIGFs cooperates with estrogen signaling to generate a multilevel cross-communication that ultimately facilitates the transition toward aggressive and life-threatening BC phenotypes. In this regard, the majority of BC deaths are correlated with the formation of metastatic lesions at distant sites. A thorough scrutiny of the biological and biochemical events orchestrating metastasis formation and dissemination has shown that virtually all cell types within the tumor microenvironment work closely with BC cells to seed cancerous units at distant sites. By establishing an intricate scheme of paracrine interactions that lead to the expression of genes involved in metastasis initiation, progression, and virulence, the cross-talk between BC cells and the surrounding microenvironmental components does dictate tumor fate and patients’ prognosis. Following (i) a description of the main microenvironmental events prompting BC metastases and (ii) a concise overview of estrogen and the IIGFs signaling and their major regulatory functions in BC, here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the most recent findings on the role of these transduction pathways toward metastatic dissemination. In particular, we focused our attention on the main microenvironmental targets of the estrogen-IIGFs interplay, and we recapitulated relevant molecular nodes that orientate shared biological responses fostering the metastatic program. On the basis of available studies, we propose that a functional cross-talk between estrogens and IIGFs, by affecting the BC microenvironment, may contribute to the metastatic process and may be regarded as a novel target for combination therapies aimed at preventing the metastatic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Muoio
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Livia Manzella
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (A.O.U.) Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
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Hermawan A, Putri H, Ikawati M. Bioinformatic analysis reveals the molecular targets of tangeretin in overcoming the resistance of breast cancer to tamoxifen. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Strous GJ, Almeida ADS, Putters J, Schantl J, Sedek M, Slotman JA, Nespital T, Hassink GC, Mol JA. Growth Hormone Receptor Regulation in Cancer and Chronic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:597573. [PMID: 33312162 PMCID: PMC7708378 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.597573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The GHR signaling pathway plays important roles in growth, metabolism, cell cycle control, immunity, homeostatic processes, and chemoresistance via both the JAK/STAT and the SRC pathways. Dysregulation of GHR signaling is associated with various diseases and chronic conditions such as acromegaly, cancer, aging, metabolic disease, fibroses, inflammation and autoimmunity. Numerous studies entailing the GHR signaling pathway have been conducted for various cancers. Diverse factors mediate the up- or down-regulation of GHR signaling through post-translational modifications. Of the numerous modifications, ubiquitination and deubiquitination are prominent events. Ubiquitination by E3 ligase attaches ubiquitins to target proteins and induces proteasomal degradation or starts the sequence of events that leads to endocytosis and lysosomal degradation. In this review, we discuss the role of first line effectors that act directly on the GHR at the cell surface including ADAM17, JAK2, SRC family member Lyn, Ubc13/CHIP, proteasome, βTrCP, CK2, STAT5b, and SOCS2. Activity of all, except JAK2, Lyn and STAT5b, counteract GHR signaling. Loss of their function increases the GH-induced signaling in favor of aging and certain chronic diseases, exemplified by increased lung cancer risk in case of a mutation in the SOCS2-GHR interaction site. Insight in their roles in GHR signaling can be applied for cancer and other therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ger J. Strous
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- BIMINI Biotech B.V., Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ana Da Silva Almeida
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joyce Putters
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julia Schantl
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Sedek
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan A. Slotman
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tobias Nespital
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerco C. Hassink
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan A. Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Abstract
Elevated circulating insulin levels are frequently observed in the setting of obesity and early type 2 diabetes, as a result of insensitivity of metabolic tissues to the effects of insulin. Higher levels of circulating insulin have been associated with increased cancer risk and progression in epidemiology studies. Elevated circulating insulin is believed to be a major factor linking obesity, diabetes and cancer. With the development of targeted cancer therapies, insulin signalling has emerged as a mechanism of therapeutic resistance. Although metabolic tissues become insensitive to insulin in the setting of obesity, a number of mechanisms allow cancer cells to maintain their ability to respond to insulin. Significant progress has been made in the past decade in understanding the insulin receptor and its signalling pathways in cancer, and a number of lessons have been learnt from therapeutic failures. These discoveries have led to numerous clinical trials that have aimed to reduce the levels of circulating insulin and to abrogate insulin signalling in cancer cells. With the rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes worldwide, and the realization that hyperinsulinaemia may contribute to therapeutic failures, it is essential to understand how insulin and insulin receptor signalling promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Marra A, Trapani D, Viale G, Criscitiello C, Curigliano G. Practical classification of triple-negative breast cancer: intratumoral heterogeneity, mechanisms of drug resistance, and novel therapies. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:54. [PMID: 33088912 PMCID: PMC7568552 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is not a unique disease, encompassing multiple entities with marked histopathological, transcriptomic and genomic heterogeneity. Despite several efforts, transcriptomic and genomic classifications have remained merely theoretic and most of the patients are being treated with chemotherapy. Driver alterations in potentially targetable genes, including PIK3CA and AKT, have been identified across TNBC subtypes, prompting the implementation of biomarker-driven therapeutic approaches. However, biomarker-based treatments as well as immune checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy have provided contrasting and limited results so far. Accordingly, a better characterization of the genomic and immune contexture underpinning TNBC, as well as the translation of the lessons learnt in the metastatic disease to the early setting would improve patients' outcomes. The application of multi-omics technologies, biocomputational algorithms, assays for minimal residual disease monitoring and novel clinical trial designs are strongly warranted to pave the way toward personalized anticancer treatment for patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marra
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Trapani
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Viale
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Via Festa del Perdono, 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Shah OS, Soran A, Sahin M, Knapick BA, Ugras S, Celik E, Lucas PC, Lee AV. Identifying Genomic Alterations in Patients With Stage IV Breast Cancer Using MammaSeq: An International Collaborative Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:210-217. [PMID: 33191115 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of genomic alterations present in cancer patients may aid in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic target discovery. In this study, we aimed to identify clinically actionable variants present in stage IV breast cancer (BC) samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of BC (n = 41). DNA was sequenced using MammaSeq, a BC-specific next-generation sequencing panel targeting 79 genes and 1369 mutations. Ion Torrent Suite 4.0 was used to make variant calls on the raw data, and the resulting single nucleotide variants were annotated using the CRAVAT toolkit. Single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were filtered to remove common polymorphisms and germline variants. CNVkit was employed to identify copy number variations (CNVs). The Precision Medicine Knowledgebase (PMKB) and OncoKB Precision Oncology Database were used to associate clinical significance with the identified variants. RESULTS A total of 41 samples from Turkish patients with BC were sequenced (read depth of 94-13,340; median of 1529). These patients were diagnosed with various BC subtypes including invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, apocrine BC, and micropapillary BC. In total, 59 different alterations (49 SNVs and 10 CNVs) were identified. From these, 8 alterations (3 CNVs - ERBB2, FGFR1, and AR copy number gains and 5 SNVs - IDH1.R132H, TP53.E204∗, PI3KCA.E545K, PI3KCA.H1047R, and PI3KCA.R88Q) were identified to have some clinical significance by PMKB and OncoKB. Moreover, the top 5 genes with the most SNVs included PIK3CA, TP53, MAP3K1, ATM, and NCOR1. Additionally, copy number gains and losses were found in ERBB2, GRB7, IGFR1, AR, FGFR1, MYC, and IKBKB, and BRCA2, RUNX1, and RB1, respectively. CONCLUSION We identified 59 unique alterations in 38 genes in 41 stage IV BC tissue samples using MammaSeqTM. Eight of these alterations were found to have some clinical significance by OncoKB and PKMB. This study highlights the potential use of cancer specific next-generation sequencing panels in clinic to get better insight into the patient-specific genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Shiraz Shah
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Integrative Systems Biology Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Mustafa Sahin
- Department of General Surgery, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Serdar Ugras
- Department of Pathology, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esin Celik
- Department of Pathology, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Peter C Lucas
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA; Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.
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Hua H, Kong Q, Yin J, Zhang J, Jiang Y. Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in tumorigenesis and drug resistance: a challenge for cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:64. [PMID: 32493414 PMCID: PMC7268628 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play important roles in mammalian growth, development, aging, and diseases. Aberrant IGFs signaling may lead to malignant transformation and tumor progression, thus providing the rationale for targeting IGF axis in cancer. However, clinical trials of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR)-targeted agents have been largely disappointing. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the IGF axis not only promotes tumorigenesis, but also confers resistance to standard treatments. Furthermore, there are diverse pathways leading to the resistance to IGF-IR-targeted therapy. Recent studies characterizing the complex IGFs signaling in cancer have raised hope to refine the strategies for targeting the IGF axis. This review highlights the biological activities of IGF-IR signaling in cancer and the contribution of IGF-IR to cytotoxic, endocrine, and molecular targeted therapies resistance. Moreover, we update the diverse mechanisms underlying resistance to IGF-IR-targeted agents and discuss the strategies for future development of the IGF axis-targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Gallagher EJ, Fei K, Feldman SM, Port E, Friedman NB, Boolbol SK, Killelea B, Pilewskie M, Choi L, King T, Nayak A, Franco R, Cruz D, Antoniou IM, LeRoith D, Bickell NA. Insulin resistance contributes to racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis in US women. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:40. [PMID: 32393319 PMCID: PMC7216707 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Racial disparities in breast cancer survival between Black and White women persist across all stages of breast cancer. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) of insulin resistance disproportionately affects more Black than White women. It has not been discerned if insulin resistance mediates the link between race and poor prognosis in breast cancer. We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance mediates in part the association between race and breast cancer prognosis, and if insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) expression differs between tumors from Black and White women. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-center study across ten hospitals. Self-identified Black women and White women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer were recruited. The primary outcome was to determine if insulin resistance, which was calculated using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), mediated the effect of race on prognosis using the multivariate linear mediation model. Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, and fasting blood were collected. Poor prognosis was defined as a Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) > 4.4. Breast cancer pathology specimens were evaluated for IR and IGF-1R expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Five hundred fifteen women were recruited (83% White, 17% Black). The MetS was more prevalent in Black women than in White women (40% vs 20%, p < 0.0001). HOMA-IR was higher in Black women than in White women (1.9 ± 1.2 vs 1.3 ± 1.4, p = 0.0005). Poor breast cancer prognosis was more prevalent in Black women than in White women (28% vs 15%. p = 0.004). HOMA-IR was positively associated with NPI score (r = 0.1, p = 0.02). The mediation model, adjusted for age, revealed that HOMA-IR significantly mediated the association between Black race and poor prognosis (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.005–0.009, p = 0.002). IR expression was higher in tumors from Black women than in those from White women (79% vs 52%, p = 0.004), and greater IR/IGF-1R ratio was also associated with higher NPI score (IR/IGF-1R > 1: 4.2 ± 0.8 vs IR/IGF-1R = 1: 3.9 ± 0.8 vs IR/IGF-1R < 1: 3.5 ± 1.0, p < 0.0001). Conclusions In this multi-center, cross-sectional study of US women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer, insulin resistance is one factor mediating part of the association between race and poor prognosis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, Box 1055, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Kezhen Fei
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Sheldon M Feldman
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Port
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil B Friedman
- Department of Surgery, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan K Boolbol
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brigid Killelea
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melissa Pilewskie
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lydia Choi
- Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tari King
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anupma Nayak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebeca Franco
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Daliz Cruz
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Irini M Antoniou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, Box 1055, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, Box 1055, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nina A Bickell
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Center for Health Equity & Community Engaged Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Farabaugh SM, Litzenburger BC, Elangovan A, Pecar G, Walheim L, Atkinson JM, Lee AV. IGF1R constitutive activation expands luminal progenitors and influences lineage differentiation during breast tumorigenesis. Dev Biol 2020; 463:77-87. [PMID: 32376245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast tumors display tremendous heterogeneity in part due to varying molecular alterations, divergent cells of origin, and differentiation. Understanding where and how this heterogeneity develops is likely important for effective breast cancer eradication. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is critical for normal mammary gland development and function, and has an established role in tumor development and resistance to therapy. Here we demonstrate that constitutive activation of the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) influences lineage differentiation during mammary tumorigenesis. Transgenic IGF1R constitutive activation promotes tumors with mixed histologies, multiple cell lineages and an expanded bi-progenitor population. In these tumors, IGF1R expands the luminal-progenitor population while influencing myoepithelial differentiation. Mammary gland transplantation with IGF1R-infected mammary epithelial cells (MECs) resulted in hyperplastic, highly differentiated outgrowths and attenuated reconstitution. Restricting IGF1R constitutive activation to luminal versus myoepithelial lineage-sorted MECs resulted in ductal reconstitutions co-expressing high IGF1R levels in the opposite lineage of origin. Using in vitro models, IGF1R constitutively activated MCF10A cells showed increased mammosphere formation and CD44+/CD24-population, which was dependent upon Snail and NFκB signaling. These results suggest that IGF1R expands luminal progenitor populations while also stimulating myoepithelial cell differentiation. This ability to influence lineage differentiation may promote heterogeneous mammary tumors, and have implications for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Farabaugh
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Beate C Litzenburger
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ashuvinee Elangovan
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Geoffrey Pecar
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Lauren Walheim
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Jennifer M Atkinson
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Women's Cancer Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, USA.
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Liu B, Zhang J, Hu S, Qi S, Jia Q, Yang W, Yang S, Ji K, Liu X, Dong C, Fan R. MicroRNA-379 mediates pigmentation, migration and proliferation of melanocytes by targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:467-476. [PMID: 32170969 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanogenesis, migration and proliferation of melanocytes are important factors that determine the hair colours of mammals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be closely related to these processes. In melanocytes of alpacas, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) has been shown to improve melanogenesis through the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway. miR-379 was predicted to target insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor 1 (IGF1R), which binds to IGF1. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-379 could mediate melanogenesis, migration and proliferation of melanocytes. Here, we report that miR-379 was highly expressed in alpaca melanocytes. Subsequent overexpression of miR-379 in alpaca melanocytes led to the generation of the phenotype of melanogenesis, proliferation and migration. In addition, the expression of genes related to these phenotypes in melanocytes was detected. Our results showed that miR-379 targets IGF1R in melanocytes. The overexpression of miR-379 stimulated dendrite extension or elongation and limited the perinuclear distribution of melanin, but inhibited melanogenesis via cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB)/microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) pathway. miR-379 attenuated melanocyte migration by downregulating the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and enhanced melanocyte proliferation by upregulating protein kinase B (AKT). These observations suggest the involvement of miR-379 in the physiological regulation of melanocytes, mediated by targeting IGF1R on insulin receptor (IR) compensation and subsequent crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Junzhen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shixiong Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shuhui Qi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Qiong Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Wanyun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kaiyuan Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuexian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Changsheng Dong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ruiwen Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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73
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Sinai-Livne T, Pasmanik-Chor M, Cohen Z, Tsarfaty I, Werner H, Berger R. Proteomic analysis of combined IGF1 receptor targeted therapy and chemotherapy identifies signatures associated with survival in breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1515-1530. [PMID: 32391121 PMCID: PMC7197451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical, epidemiological and experimental data identified the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) as a candidate therapeutic target in oncology. While this paradigm is based on well-established biological facts, including the potent anti-apoptotic and cell survival capabilities of the receptor, most Phase III clinical trials designed to target the IGF1R led to disappointing results. The present study was aimed at evaluating the hypothesis that combined treatment composed of selective IGF1R inhibitor along with classical chemotherapy might be more effective than individual monotherapies in breast cancer treatment. Analyses included comprehensive measurements of the synergism achieved by various combination regimens using the CompuSyn software. In addition, proteomic analyses were conducted to identify the proteins involved in the synergistic killing effect at a global level. Data presented here demonstrates that co-treatment of IGF1R inhibitor along with chemotherapeutic drugs markedly improves the therapeutic efficiency in breast cancer cells. Of clinical relevance, our analyses indicate that high IGF1R baseline expression may serve as a predictive biomarker for IGF1R targeted therapy. In addition, we identified a ten-genes signature with potential predictive value. In conclusion, the use of a series of bioinformatics tools shed light on some of the biological pathways that might be responsible for synergysm in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Sinai-Livne
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Zoya Cohen
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52620, Israel
| | - Ilan Tsarfaty
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Raanan Berger
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52620, Israel
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74
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IGF-1/IGF-1R/FAK/YAP Transduction Signaling Prompts Growth Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041010. [PMID: 32325700 PMCID: PMC7225986 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast tumor subtype that currently lacks targeted treatment options. The role played by the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its cognate receptor IGF-1R in TNBC has been reported. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by which the IGF-1/IGF-1R system may contribute to TNBC progression still remains to be fully understood. By computational analysis of the vast cancer genomics information in public databases (TCGA and METABRIC), we obtained evidence that high IGF-1 or IGF-1R levels correlate with a worse clinical outcome in TNBC patients. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that both the focal adhesion and the Hippo pathways are enriched in TNBC harboring an elevated expression of IGF-1 or IGF-1R. Mechanistically, we found that in TNBC cells, the IGF-1/IGF-1R system promotes the activation of the FAK signal transduction pathway, which in turn regulates the nuclear accumulation of YAP (yes-associated protein/yes-related protein) and the expression of its target genes. At the biological level, we found that the IGF-1/IGF-1R-FAK-YAP network cascade triggers the growth potential of TNBC cells, as evaluated in different experimental systems. Overall, our results suggest that the IGF-1/IGF-1R/FAK/YAP axis may contribute to the progression of the aggressive TNBC subtype.
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75
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Lemsara A, Ouadfel S, Fröhlich H. PathME: pathway based multi-modal sparse autoencoders for clustering of patient-level multi-omics data. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:146. [PMID: 32299344 PMCID: PMC7161108 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-3465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in multi-omics data, because these data allow for better understanding complex diseases such as cancer on a molecular system level. In addition, multi-omics data increase the chance to robustly identify molecular patient sub-groups and hence open the door towards a better personalized treatment of diseases. Several methods have been proposed for unsupervised clustering of multi-omics data. However, a number of challenges remain, such as the magnitude of features and the large difference in dimensionality across different omics data sources. Results We propose a multi-modal sparse denoising autoencoder framework coupled with sparse non-negative matrix factorization to robustly cluster patients based on multi-omics data. The proposed model specifically leverages pathway information to effectively reduce the dimensionality of omics data into a pathway and patient specific score profile. In consequence, our method allows us to understand, which pathway is a feature of which particular patient cluster. Moreover, recently proposed machine learning techniques allow us to disentangle the specific impact of each individual omics feature on a pathway score. We applied our method to cluster patients in several cancer datasets using gene expression, miRNA expression, DNA methylation and CNVs, demonstrating the possibility to obtain biologically plausible disease subtypes characterized by specific molecular features. Comparison against several competing methods showed a competitive clustering performance. In addition, post-hoc analysis of somatic mutations and clinical data provided supporting evidence and interpretation of the identified clusters. Conclusions Our suggested multi-modal sparse denoising autoencoder approach allows for an effective and interpretable integration of multi-omics data on pathway level while addressing the high dimensional character of omics data. Patient specific pathway score profiles derived from our model allow for a robust identification of disease subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Lemsara
- Computer Science Department, University of Constantine 2, 25016, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Salima Ouadfel
- Computer Science Department, University of Constantine 2, 25016, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- University of Bonn, Bonn-Aachen, International Center for IT, 53115, Bonn, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for, Algorithms and Scientific, Computing (SCAI), 53754, Sankt, Augustin, Germany.
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76
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Salazar-González JA, Ruiz-Cruz AA, Bustos-Jaimes I, Moreno-Fierros L. Expression of Breast Cancer-Related Epitopes Targeting the IGF-1 Receptor in Chimeric Human Parvovirus B19 Virus-Like Particles. Mol Biotechnol 2020; 61:742-753. [PMID: 31317318 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a worldwide health problem, and the complexity of the disease, as well as the lack of treatment specificity, generates an urgent need for developing prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Searching for novel epitope-based approaches able to induce tumour immunity, we designed virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from Human parvovirus B19 assembled of chimeric VP2 proteins displaying two epitopes from the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R). Here, we present the generation of two chimeric VP2s that retain the stability, solubility and conditions of purification and assembly of the native VP2. We generated versatile chimeric multiepitope anti-cancer vaccine candidates, which prevented and delayed tumour growth when used in a prophylactic scheme of 4 weekly immunizations prior to 4T1 cell inoculation in female BALB/c mice. The presence of specific antibodies against the displayed epitopes suggests their participation in the protective effect; in contrast, no significant proliferative T-cell responses were recorded following stimulation by specific epitopes. The results comprise an approach whereby fusing desired epitopes from cancer to the N-terminus of B19 VP2 protein can generate a library of chimeric VP2-desired epitopes for further assembly in a designed and personalized epitope delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alberto Salazar-González
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Mexico.
| | - Alail Antonio Ruiz-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Ismael Bustos-Jaimes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U., 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Moreno-Fierros
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Mexico.
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77
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Zheng Y, Sowers JY, Houston KD. IGFBP-1 Expression Promotes Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells via Erk Pathway Activation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:233. [PMID: 32435229 PMCID: PMC7218143 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system plays a significant role in many cellular processes, including proliferation, and survival. In estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, the level of circulating IGF-1 is positively associated with the incidence and at least 50% of cases have elevated IGF-1R signaling. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator and antagonist for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in breast tissue, is a commonly prescribed adjuvant treatment for patients presenting with ERα-positive breast cancer. Unfortunately, tamoxifen resistance is a frequent occurrence in patients receiving treatment and the molecular mechanisms that underlie tamoxifen resistance not adequately defined. It has recently been reported that the inhibition of IGF-1R activation and the proliferation of breast cancer cells upon tamoxifen treatment is mediated by the accumulation of extracellular insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1). Elevated IGFBP-1 expression was observed in tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) MCF-7 and T-47D cells lines suggesting that the tamoxifen-resistant state is associated with IGFBP-1 accumulation. MCF-7 and T-47D breast cancer cells stably transfected with and IGFBP-1 expression vector were generated (MCF7-BP1 and T47D-BP1) to determine the impact of breast cancer cell culture in the presence of increased IGFBP-1 expression. In these cells, the expression of IGF-1R was significantly reduced compared to controls and was similar to our observations in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 and T-47D cells. Also similar to TamR breast cancer cells, MCF7-BP1 and T47D-BP1 were resistant to tamoxifen treatment, had elevated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, increased phospho-EGFR (pEGFR), and phospho-Erk (pErk). Furthermore, tamoxifen sensitivity was restored in the MCF7-BP1 and T47D-BP1 upon inhibition of Erk phosphorylation. Lastly, the transient knockdown of IGFBP-1 in MCF7-BP1 and T47D-BP1 inhibited pErk accumulation and increased tamoxifen sensitivity. Taken together, these data support the conclusion that IGFBP-1 is a key component of the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells.
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78
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Sarfstein R, Yeheskel A, Sinai-Livne T, Pasmanik-Chor M, Werner H. Systems Analysis of Insulin and IGF1 Receptors Networks in Breast Cancer Cells Identifies Commonalities and Divergences in Expression Patterns. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:435. [PMID: 32733384 PMCID: PMC7359857 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), acting respectively via the insulin (INSR) and IGF1 (IGF1R) receptors, play key developmental and metabolic roles throughout life. In addition, both signaling pathways fulfill important roles in cancer initiation and progression. The present study was aimed at identifying mechanistic differences between INSR and IGF1R using a recently developed bioinformatics tool, the Biological Network Simulator (BioNSi). This application allows to import and merge multiple pathways and interaction information from the KEGG database into a single network representation. The BioNsi network simulation tool allowed us to exploit the availability of gene expression data derived from breast cancer cell lines with specific disruptions of the INSR or IGF1R genes in order to investigate potential differences in protein expression that might be linked to biological attributes of the specific receptor networks. Modeling-generated information was corroborated by experimental and biological assays. BioNSi analyses revealed that the expression of 75 and 71 genes changed during simulation of IGF1R-KD and INSR-KD, compared to control cells, respectively. Out of 16 proteins that BioNSi analysis was based on, validated by Western blotting, nine were shown to be involved in DNA repair, eight in cell cycle checkpoints, six in proliferation, eight in apoptosis, seven in oxidative stress, six in cell migration, two in energy homeostasis, and three in senescence. Taken together, analyses identified a number of commonalities and, most importantly, dissimilarities between the IGF1R and INSR pathways that might help explain the basis for the biological differences between these networks.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Insulin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Insulin/genetics
- Receptor, Insulin/metabolism
- Systems Analysis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adva Yeheskel
- Bioinformatics Unit, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Sinai-Livne
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- *Correspondence: Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Haim Werner
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79
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Shan J, Chouchane A, Mokrab Y, Saad M, Boujassoum S, Sayaman RW, Ziv E, Bouaouina N, Remadi Y, Gabbouj S, Roelands J, Ma X, Bedognetti D, Chouchane L. Genetic Variation in CCL5 Signaling Genes and Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Susceptibility and Prognosis Implications. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1328. [PMID: 31921621 PMCID: PMC6915105 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for ~15–20% of breast cancer (BC) and has a higher rate of early relapse and mortality compared to other subtypes. The Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and its signaling pathway have been linked to TNBC. We aimed to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of genetic variation in CCL5 signaling genes in TNBC in the present study. We characterized variants in CCL5 and that of six other CCL5 signaling genes (CCND1, ZMIZ1, CASP8, NOTCH2, MAP3K21, and HS6ST3) among 1,082 unrelated Tunisian subjects (544 BC patients, including 196 TNBC, and 538 healthy controls), assessed the association of the variants with BC-specific overall survival (OVS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and correlated CCL5 mRNA and serum levels with CCL5 genotypes. We found a highly significant association between the CCND1 rs614367-TT genotype (OR = 5.14; P = 0.004) and TNBC risk, and identified a significant association between the rs614367-T allele and decreased PFS in TNBC. A decreased risk of lymph node metastasis was associated with the MAP3K21 rs1294255-C allele, particularly in rs1294255-GC (OR = 0.47; P = 0.001). CCL5 variants (rs2107538 and rs2280789) were linked to CCL5 serum and mRNA levels. In the TCGA TNBC/Basal-like cohort the MAP3K21 rs1294255-G allele was associated with a decreased OVS. High expression of CCL5 in breast tumors was significantly associated with an increased OVS in all BC patients, but particularly in TNBC/Basal-like patients. In conclusion, genetic variation in CCL5 signaling genes may predict not only TNBC risk but also disease aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Shan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aziz Chouchane
- Faculta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuero, Rome, Italy
| | - Younes Mokrab
- Translational Genetics and Bioinformatics Section, Research Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamad Saad
- Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salha Boujassoum
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rosalyn W Sayaman
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States.,Department of Laboratory Medicine at UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Elad Ziv
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Institute for Human Genetics at UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Noureddine Bouaouina
- Service de Cancérologie Radiothérapie, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia.,Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yasmine Remadi
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sallouha Gabbouj
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jessica Roelands
- Tumor Biology Section, Research Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Davide Bedognetti
- Tumor Biology Section, Research Division, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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80
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Differential Effects of Insulin and IGF1 Receptors on ERK and AKT Subcellular Distribution in Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121499. [PMID: 31771180 PMCID: PMC6952817 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) have important roles in breast cancer development. The recent identification of nuclear insulin (INSR) and IGF1 (IGF1R) receptors provides a novel paradigm in the area of signal transduction. The fact that INSR and IGF1R can function as transcription factors, capable of binding DNA and controlling transcription, adds a new layer of biological complexity by conferring upon cell-surface receptors the ability to regulate genomic events. The present study was designed to assess the hypothesis that insulin and IGF1 pathways elicit differential effects on subcellular distribution and activation of ERK1/2 and AKT. To this end, MCF7 breast cancer-derived cell lines with specific INSR or IGF1R disruption were employed. In addition, small interfering RNA technology was used to specifically down-regulate INSR or IGF1R expression in T47D breast cancer cells. DNA affinity chromatography assays were conducted to address the specific binding of ERK1/2 and AKT to the IGF1R promoter region. We demonstrate that both INSR and IGF1R exhibit a nuclear localization in breast cancer-derived cells. In addition, the insulin and IGF1 pathways have different effects on the subcellular distribution (and, particularly, the nuclear presence) of ERK1/2 and AKT molecules. Both cytoplasmic mediators are capable of binding and transactivating the IGF1R promoter. In conclusion, our data are consistent with the notion that, in addition to their classical roles as targets for insulin-like molecules, both ERK1/2 and AKT are involved in transcriptional control of the IGF1R gene. This previously unrecognized regulatory loop may provide mechanistic advantages to breast cancer cells. Given the potential role of INSR and IGF1R as therapeutic targets in oncology, it will be of clinical relevance to address the future use of nuclear receptors and their downstream cytoplasmic mediators as biomarkers for INSR/IGF1R targeted therapy.
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81
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Nedeljković M, Damjanović A. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-How We Can Rise to the Challenge. Cells 2019; 8:E957. [PMID: 31443516 PMCID: PMC6770896 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 405] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer owing to high heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and lack of treatment options. Chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC treatment, but unfortunately, patients frequently develop resistance. Accordingly, in recent years, tremendous effort has been made into elucidating the mechanisms of TNBC chemoresistance with the goal of identifying new molecular targets. It has become evident that the development of TNBC chemoresistance is multifaceted and based on the elaborate interplay of the tumor microenvironment, drug efflux, cancer stem cells, and bulk tumor cells. Alterations of multiple signaling pathways govern these interactions. Moreover, TNBC's high heterogeneity, highlighted in the existence of several molecular signatures, presents a significant obstacle to successful treatment. In the present, in-depth review, we explore the contribution of key mechanisms to TNBC chemoresistance as well as emerging strategies to overcome them. We discuss novel anti-tumor agents that target the components of these mechanisms and pay special attention to their current clinical development while emphasizing the challenges still ahead of successful TNBC management. The evidence presented in this review outlines the role of crucial pathways in TNBC survival following chemotherapy treatment and highlights the importance of using combinatorial drug strategies and incorporating biomarkers in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Nedeljković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Damjanović
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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82
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Yang F, Cui P, Lu Y, Zhang X. Requirement of the transcription factor YB-1 for maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells and reverting differentiated cancer cells into cancer stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:233. [PMID: 31375149 PMCID: PMC6679460 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells always express high levels of stemness-associated transcription factors to maintain their features. However, the regulatory mechanism of the stemness of cancer stem cells mediated by transcription factors has not been extensively explored. METHODS The YB-1 gene in cancer stem cells was knocked out by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells were transfected with a vector expressing YB-1 to rescue YB-1, and then the cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and stemness, as well as tumorigenesis in nude mice, were assessed to examine the effect of YB-1 in cancer stem cells. The target genes of YB-1 were confirmed by CHIP-seq. The totipotency or pluripotency of differentiated cancer stem cells were detected by tumorsphere formation assay and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS The deletion of YB-1 gene inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer stem cells and melanoma stem cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and induced irreversible differentiation of cancer stem cells. The tumorigenicity ability of YB-1-deleted cancer stem cells was significantly reduced in vitro and in vivo. The results of ChIP-seq showed that YB-1 maintained the stemness of cancer stem cells by promoting the expressions of stemness-associated genes (FZD-1, p21, GLP-1, GINS1, and Notch2). Furthermore, simultaneous expressions of YB-1 and the other four (SOX2, POU3F2, OCT-4, and OLIG1) or five (SOX2, SALL2, OCT-4, POU3F2, and Bmi-1) transcription factors in YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells restored the stemness of YB-1 knockout cancer stem cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that YB-1 was required for maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells and reverting the differentiated tumor cells into cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Cui
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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83
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Thibodeau A, Shin DG. TriPOINT: a software tool to prioritize important genes in pathways and their non-coding regulators. Bioinformatics 2019; 35:2686-2689. [PMID: 30566622 PMCID: PMC6662310 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary Current approaches for pathway analyses focus on representing gene expression levels on graph representations of pathways and conducting pathway enrichment among differentially expressed genes. However, gene expression levels by themselves do not reflect the overall picture as non-coding factors play an important role to regulate gene expression. To incorporate these non-coding factors into pathway analyses and to systematically prioritize genes in a pathway we introduce a new software: Triangulation of Perturbation Origins and Identification of Non-Coding Targets. Triangulation of Perturbation Origins and Identification of Non-Coding Targets is a pathway analysis tool, implemented in Java that identifies the significance of a gene under a condition (e.g. a disease phenotype) by studying graph representations of pathways, analyzing upstream and downstream gene interactions and integrating non-coding regions that may be regulating gene expression levels. Availability and implementation The TriPOINT open source software is freely available at https://github.uconn.edu/ajt06004/TriPOINT under the GPL v3.0 license. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asa Thibodeau
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Dong-Guk Shin
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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84
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Deo A, Chaudhury S, Kannan S, Rekhi B, Maheshwari A, Gupta S, Ray P. IGF1R predicts better survival in high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer patients and correlates with hCtr1 levels. Biomark Med 2019; 13:511-521. [PMID: 31140856 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the potential of IGF1R as a prognostic marker for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. Patients & methods: The expression levels of IGF1R and drug transporters (ABCB1, hCtr1) were measured longitudinally in chemo-naive and chemo-treated tumor samples from 19 HGSOC patients, and their correlation with the clinical outcome was examined. Results: IGF1R expression was significantly upregulated in treated tumor samples, which positively correlated with hCtr1 levels. Patients with metastatic tumors with IGF1R expression higher than median showed better overall survival (median not reached) and disease-free survival (26.7 months) than those with less than median expression (overall survival: 27.5 months [p = 0.029]; disease-free survival: 11.9 months [p = 0.014]). Conclusion: IGF1R prognosticates prolonged survival in HGSOC patients, possibly due to its positive correlation with hCtr1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Deo
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Smrita Chaudhury
- Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sadhana Kannan
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharat Rekhi
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India.,Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amita Maheshwari
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India.,Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India.,Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr E Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pritha Ray
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, 410210, Maharashtra, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
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85
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Guerrero CH, Gamboa-Loira B, Mérida-Ortega Á, López-Carrillo L. Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and Risk of Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype in Mexican Women. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1283-1289. [PMID: 31058544 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1607408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to estimate the risk of breast cancer (BC) molecular subtypes in relation to the average glycemic index (GI) and the dietary glycemic load (GL) in Mexican women. From 2007 to 2011, a study of incident cases and population controls was conducted in five states of northern Mexico. A subsample of 509 cases matched 1:1 by age with 509 controls was selected. With a food frequency questionnaire, information about diet was obtained, and GI and GL were calculated. The expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in tumors was obtained from medical records. Patients were classified as luminal A (RE+ and/or PR+/HER2-), HER2+ (RE+ and/or PR+/HER2+ and RE-/PR-/HER2+), or triple negative (TN) (RE-/PR-/HER2-). GI and GL associations with BC molecular subtypes were evaluated using conditional logistic regression models. GI was positively associated with luminal A (OR= 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.22), HER2+ (OR= 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.30), and TN (OR= 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.39) BC. GL was not associated with BC molecular subtypes. These results suggest that the type of carbohydrate consumed is associated with increased BC regardless of the luminal A, HER2+, and TN subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H Guerrero
- Center for Research in Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ángel Mérida-Ortega
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health , Cuernavaca , Morelos, Mexico
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86
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Goncalves MD, Hopkins BD, Cantley LC. Dietary Fat and Sugar in Promoting Cancer Development and Progression. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030518-055855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The uncontrolled cellular growth that characterizes tumor formation requires a constant delivery of nutrients. Since the 1970s, researchers have wondered if the supply of nutrients from the diet could impact tumor development. Numerous studies have assessed the impact of dietary components, specifically sugar and fat, to increased cancer risk. For the most part, data from these trials have been inconclusive; however, this does not indicate that dietary factors do not contribute to cancer progression. Rather, the dietary contribution may be dependent on tumor, patient, and context, making it difficult to detect in the setting of large trials. In this review, we combine data from prospective cohort trials with mechanistic studies in mice to argue that fat and sugar can play a role in tumorigenesis and disease progression. We find that certain tumors may respond directly to dietary sugar (colorectal and endometrial cancers) and fat (prostate cancer) or indirectly to the obese state (breast cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus D. Goncalves
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Hopkins
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
| | - Lewis C. Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA;, ,
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87
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Rahman S, Archana A, Jan AT, Dutta D, Shankar A, Kim J, Minakshi R. Molecular Insights Into the Relationship Between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Breast Cancer: A Critical Perspective on Autoimmunity and ER Stress. Front Immunol 2019; 10:344. [PMID: 30881358 PMCID: PMC6405522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiopathologies behind autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) unravel misbehavior of immune components leading to the corruption of immune homeostasis where thyroid autoantigens turn foe to the self. In AITDs lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid shows up a deranged immune system charging the follicular cells of the thyroid gland (thyrocytes) leading to the condition of either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The inflammation in AITDs consistently associate with ER function due to which disturbances in the ER protein homeostasis leads to unfolded protein response (UPR) that promotes pathogenesis of autoimmunity. The roles of ER stress in the instantaneous downregulation of MHC class I molecules on thyrocytes and the relevance of IFN γ in the pathogenesis of AITD has been well-documented. Thyroglobulin being the major target of autoantibodies in most of the AITDs is because of its unusual processing in the ER. Autoimmune disorders display a conglomeration of ER stress-induced UPR activated molecules. Several epidemiological data highlight the preponderance of AITDs in women as well as its concurrence with breast cancer. Both being an active glandular system displaying endocrine activity, thyroid as well as breast tissue show various commonalities in the expression pattern of heterogenous molecules that not only participate in the normal functioning but at the same time share the blame during disease establishment. Studies on the development and progression of breast carcinoma display a deranged and uncontrolled immune response, which is meticulously exploited during tumor metastasis. The molecular crosstalks between AITDs and breast tumor microenvironment rely on active participation of immune cells. The induction of ER stress by Tunicamycin advocates to provide a model for cancer therapy by intervening glycosylation. Therefore, this review attempts to showcase the molecules that are involved in feeding up the relationship between breast carcinoma and AITDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ayyagari Archana
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Durgashree Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry, Jan Nayak Chaudhary Devilal Dental College, Sirsa, India
| | - Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Rinki Minakshi
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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88
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Erickson KE, Rukhlenko OS, Shahinuzzaman M, Slavkova KP, Lin YT, Suderman R, Stites EC, Anghel M, Posner RG, Barua D, Kholodenko BN, Hlavacek WS. Modeling cell line-specific recruitment of signaling proteins to the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006706. [PMID: 30653502 PMCID: PMC6353226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) typically contain multiple autophosphorylation sites in their cytoplasmic domains. Once activated, these autophosphorylation sites can recruit downstream signaling proteins containing Src homology 2 (SH2) and phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domains, which recognize phosphotyrosine-containing short linear motifs (SLiMs). These domains and SLiMs have polyspecific or promiscuous binding activities. Thus, multiple signaling proteins may compete for binding to a common SLiM and vice versa. To investigate the effects of competition on RTK signaling, we used a rule-based modeling approach to develop and analyze models for ligand-induced recruitment of SH2/PTB domain-containing proteins to autophosphorylation sites in the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R). Models were parameterized using published datasets reporting protein copy numbers and site-specific binding affinities. Simulations were facilitated by a novel application of model restructuration, to reduce redundancy in rule-derived equations. We compare predictions obtained via numerical simulation of the model to those obtained through simple prediction methods, such as through an analytical approximation, or ranking by copy number and/or KD value, and find that the simple methods are unable to recapitulate the predictions of numerical simulations. We created 45 cell line-specific models that demonstrate how early events in IGF1R signaling depend on the protein abundance profile of a cell. Simulations, facilitated by model restructuration, identified pairs of IGF1R binding partners that are recruited in anti-correlated and correlated fashions, despite no inclusion of cooperativity in our models. This work shows that the outcome of competition depends on the physicochemical parameters that characterize pairwise interactions, as well as network properties, including network connectivity and the relative abundances of competitors. Cells rely on networks of interacting biomolecules to sense and respond to environmental perturbations and signals. However, it is unclear how information is processed to generate appropriate and specific responses to signals, especially given that these networks tend to share many components. For example, receptors that detect distinct ligands and regulate distinct cellular activities commonly interact with overlapping sets of downstream signaling proteins. Here, to investigate the downstream signaling of a well-studied receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGF1R), we formulated and analyzed 45 cell line-specific mathematical models, which account for recruitment of 18 different binding partners to six sites of receptor autophosphorylation in IGF1R. The models were parameterized using available protein copy number and site-specific affinity measurements, and restructured to allow for network generation. We find that recruitment is influenced by the protein abundance profile of a cell, with different patterns of recruitment in different cell lines. Furthermore, in a given cell line, we find that pairs of IGF1R binding partners may be recruited in a correlated or anti-correlated fashion. We demonstrate that the simulations of the model have greater predictive power than protein copy number and/or binding affinity data, and that even a simple analytical model cannot reproduce the predicted recruitment ranking obtained via simulations. These findings represent testable predictions and indicate that the outputs of IGF1R signaling depend on cell line-specific properties in addition to the properties that are intrinsic to the biomolecules involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keesha E. Erickson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | | | - Md Shahinuzzaman
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Missouri Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kalina P. Slavkova
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Yen Ting Lin
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Ryan Suderman
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Edward C. Stites
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Marian Anghel
- Information Sciences Group, Computer, Computational and Statistical Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Richard G. Posner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Dipak Barua
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Missouri Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Boris N. Kholodenko
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William S. Hlavacek
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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89
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Maskarinec G, Ju D, Fong J, Horio D, Chan O, Loo LWM, Hernandez BY. Mammographic density and breast tissue expression of inflammatory markers, growth factors, and vimentin. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1191. [PMID: 30497427 PMCID: PMC6267911 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mammographic density is a known risk factor for breast cancer, but the underlying pathologic characteristics are not well understood. The current analysis investigated the expression of several markers of interest, e.g., inflammation and growth, with mammographic density (MD) in normal and malignant breast tissue specimens from 279 women of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). Methods Breast cancer cases, recruited from a nested case-control study within the MEC, provided mammograms for density evaluation. Protein expression (COX-2, TNF-α, TGF-β, IGF-1R, IGFBP-2, and vimentin) was assessed by immunohistochemical detection. Linear regression was applied to evaluate the relation between marker expression and percent density and to compute adjusted means with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by marker status while adjusting for confounders. Results Due to missing cores and tissue, normal tissue could only be evaluated for COX-2 and vimentin. No significant associations with mammographic density were detected for all markers analyzed. For inflammatory markers (TNF-α, COX-2, and TGF-β) in tumor tissue, MD were non-significantly higher with stronger expression but the differences were very small. For example, the mean MD values for no, weak, and strong TNF-α expression were 35% (95% CI 24–47%), 39% (95% CI 29–48%), and 38% (95% CI 27–50%). In a posthoc analysis among postmenopausal women only, the difference across categories of TNF-α expression increased to 25% (95% CI 12–39%), 35% (95% CI 23–48%), and 35% (95% CI 20–49%). Conclusions The current analysis offers little support for an involvement of immunohistochemical markers representing inflammatory and growth factor pathways as predictors of breast density. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5088-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertraud Maskarinec
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
| | - Dan Ju
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Jaimie Fong
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - David Horio
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Owen Chan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Lenora W M Loo
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Brenda Y Hernandez
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
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90
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Obr AE, Kumar S, Chang YJ, Bulatowicz JJ, Barnes BJ, Birge RB, Lazzarino DA, Gallagher E, LeRoith D, Wood TL. Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in breast tumor epithelium protects cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulates the tumor microenvironment. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:138. [PMID: 30458886 PMCID: PMC6245538 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early analyses of human breast cancer identified high expression of the insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) correlated with hormone receptor positive breast cancer and associated with a favorable prognosis, whereas low expression of IGF-1R correlated with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We previously demonstrated that the IGF-1R acts as a tumor and metastasis suppressor in the Wnt1 mouse model of TNBC. The mechanisms for how reduced IGF-1R contributes to TNBC phenotypes is unknown. METHODS We analyzed the METABRIC dataset to further stratify IGF-1R expression with patient survival and specific parameters of TNBC. To investigate molecular events associated with the loss of IGF-1R function in breast tumor cells, we inhibited IGF-1R in human cell lines using an IGF-1R blocking antibody and analyzed MMTV-Wnt1-mediated mouse tumors with reduced IGF-1R function through expression of a dominant-negative transgene. RESULTS Our analysis of the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset revealed association between low IGF-1R and reduced overall patient survival. IGF-1R expression was inversely correlated with patient survival even within hormone receptor-positive breast cancers, indicating reduced overall patient survival with low IGF-1R was not due simply to low IGF-1R expression within TNBCs. Inhibiting IGF-1R in either mouse or human tumor epithelial cells increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. IGF-1R inhibition in tumor epithelial cells elevated interleukin (IL)-6 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression, which was reversed by ROS scavenging. Moreover, the Wnt1/dnIGF-1R primary tumors displayed a tumor-promoting immune phenotype. The increased CCL2 promoted an influx of CD11b+ monocytes into the primary tumor that also had increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 expression. Increased MMP activity in the tumor stroma was associated with enhanced matrix remodeling and collagen deposition. Further analysis of the METABRIC dataset revealed an increase in IL-6, CCL2, and MMP-9 expression in patients with low IGF-1R, consistent with our mouse tumor model and data in human breast cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the hypothesis that reduction of IGF-1R function increases cellular stress and cytokine production to promote an aggressive tumor microenvironment through infiltration of immune cells and matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Obr
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Yun-Juan Chang
- Office of Advance Research Computing, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Joseph J Bulatowicz
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Raymond B Birge
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Deborah A Lazzarino
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Emily Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, The Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine, Icahn Sinai School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, The Samuel Bronfman Department of Medicine, Icahn Sinai School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA.
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91
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Cevenini A, Orrù S, Mancini A, Alfieri A, Buono P, Imperlini E. Molecular Signatures of the Insulin-like Growth Factor 1-mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast, Lung and Gastric Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082411. [PMID: 30111747 PMCID: PMC6122069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, which is constituted by the IGF-1 and IGF-2 peptide hormones, their corresponding receptors and several IGF binding proteins, is involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes. The IGF system promotes cancer proliferation/survival and its signaling induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, which contributes to the migration, invasiveness, and metastasis of epithelial tumors. These cancers share two major IGF-1R signaling transduction pathways, PI3K/AKT and RAS/MEK/ERK. However, as far as we could review at this time, each type of cancer cell undergoes EMT through tumor-specific routes. Here, we review the tumor-specific molecular signatures of IGF-1-mediated EMT in breast, lung, and gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Cevenini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Stefania Orrù
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, Via Francesco Crispi 8, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Mancini
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Andreina Alfieri
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pasqualina Buono
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, Via Francesco Crispi 8, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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92
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Li L, Liu S, Liu L, Ma Z, Feng M, Ye C, Zhou W, Wang Y, Liu L, Wang F, Yu L, Zhou F, Xiang Y, Huang S, Fu Q, Zhang Q, Gao D, Yu Z. Impact of phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor on the outcome of breast cancer patients and the prognostic value of its alteration during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2949-2959. [PMID: 30233667 PMCID: PMC6143873 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), which is involved in the genesis and progression of breast cancer, is thought to be associated with the overall survival (OS) of patients. However, the predictive and prognostic significance of the IGF-1R expression in breast cancer remains controversial. The present study aimed to identify the factors associated with the levels of phosphorylated (p)-IGF-1R in breast cancer, their impact on the outcomes of breast cancer patients, and the prognostic value of alterations of p-IGF-1R during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The present study included 348 female breast cancer patients whose paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections had been collected by biopsy and/or resection, among which the pre-NAC and post-NAC sections were available from 40 patients. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity and molecular subtype were significantly associated with the presence of p-IGF-1R in the tumor tissue (P<0.05). Patients with p-IGF-1R present in the tumor tissue had a shorter OS (P=0.003). The p-IGF-1R levels in the tumor after NAC differed significantly from those prior to NAC (P=0.005); however, this alteration in p-IGF-1R levels was not associated with a shorter OS. In parallel with HER2, p-IGF-1R appears to be a promising indicator for predicting clinical outcomes and may be an attractive target for improving the efficacy of antitumor therapy, particularly for patients with HER2-negative, estrogen receptor-positive and luminal B tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Man Feng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Chunmiao Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yongjiu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Xiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qinye Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Dezong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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93
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Nagle AM, Levine KM, Tasdemir N, Scott JA, Burlbaugh K, Kehm J, Katz TA, Boone DN, Jacobsen BM, Atkinson JM, Oesterreich S, Lee AV. Loss of E-cadherin Enhances IGF1-IGF1R Pathway Activation and Sensitizes Breast Cancers to Anti-IGF1R/InsR Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5165-5177. [PMID: 29941485 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling regulates breast cancer initiation and progression and associated cancer phenotypes. We previously identified E-cadherin (CDH1) as a repressor of IGF1 signaling and in this study examined how loss of E-cadherin affects IGF1R signaling and response to anti-IGF1R/insulin receptor (InsR) therapies in breast cancer.Experimental Design: Breast cancer cell lines were used to assess how altered E-cadherin levels regulate IGF1R signaling and response to two anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. In situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to define interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin. TCGA RNA-seq and RPPA data were used to compare IGF1R/InsR activation in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tumors. ER+ ILC cell lines and xenograft tumor explant cultures were used to evaluate efficacy to IGF1R pathway inhibition in combination with endocrine therapy.Results: Diminished functional E-cadherin increased both activation of IGF1R signaling and efficacy to anti-IGF1R/InsR therapies. PLA demonstrated a direct endogenous interaction between IGF1R and E-cadherin at points of cell-cell contact. Increased expression of IGF1 ligand and levels of IGF1R/InsR phosphorylation were observed in E-cadherin-deficient ER+ ILC compared with IDC tumors. IGF1R pathway inhibitors were effective in inhibiting growth in ER+ ILC cell lines and synergized with endocrine therapy and similarly IGF1R/InsR inhibition reduced proliferation in ILC tumor explant culture.Conclusions: We provide evidence that loss of E-cadherin hyperactivates the IGF1R pathway and increases sensitivity to IGF1R/InsR targeted therapy, thus identifying the IGF1R pathway as a potential novel target in E-cadherin-deficient breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(20); 5165-77. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Nagle
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin M Levine
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nilgun Tasdemir
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Julie A Scott
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kara Burlbaugh
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin Kehm
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tiffany A Katz
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,The Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - David N Boone
- Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Britta M Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jennifer M Atkinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Women's Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Magee Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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94
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Qu X, Zhao B, Hu M, Ji Z, Xu J, Xia W, Qu Y. Downregulation of TBC1 Domain Family Member 24 (BC1D24) Inhibits Breast Carcinoma Growth via IGF1R/PI3K/AKT Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3987-3996. [PMID: 29893377 PMCID: PMC6029514 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TBC1 domain family member 24 (TBC1D24) pathogenic mutations affect its binding to ARF6 and then result in severe impairment of neuronal development. However, there are no reports about the expression and function of TBC1D24 in cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of proliferation, migration, and invasion after silencing TBC1D24 expression in breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and to elucidate the potential mechanism of TBC1D24 in breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of TBC1D24 in breast cancer tissues and the adjacent non-tumor tissues was determined by S-P immunohistochemistry. The malignant behavior, including proliferation, migration, and invasion ability, was determined after silencing TBC1D24 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The expression of IGF1R was determined after silencing TBC1D24. The expression of TBC1D24 and IGF1R was detected after transfecting miR-30a mimics or inhibitors. The effect of TBC1D24 on MCF-7 cells growth in vivo was evaluated by a tumor xenograft study. RESULTS TBC1D24 expression was elevated and was associated with poor outcome in breast carcinoma. TBC1D24 high expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable OS and RFS for breast cancer patients (p<0.05). Silencing TBC1D24 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells. TBC1D24 and IGF1R expression were decreased when transfected with miR-30a mimics. However, TBC1D24 and IGF1R expression were increased when transfected with miR-30a inhibitors (p<0.05). Knockdown of TBC1D24 inhibited the expression of IGF1R, PI3K, and p-AKT (p<0.05). Knockdown of TBC1D24 abolished tumorigenicity of MCF-7 cells. The average volume and weight of tumors was lower after silencing TBC1D24 expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Silencing TBC1D24 inhibited MCF-7 cells growth in vitro and in vivo. TBC1D24 promoted breast carcinoma growth through the IGF1R/PI3K/AKT pathway. TBC1D24 is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiusheng Qu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Min Hu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiwu Ji
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Weibin Xia
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yikun Qu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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95
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Teng CF, Jeng LB, Shyu WC. Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Signaling in Stem Cell Stemness and Therapeutic Efficacy. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1313-1319. [PMID: 29882416 PMCID: PMC6168993 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718779777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has emerged that stem cells represent a promising therapeutic tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thus, identifying functional markers for selecting stem cells capable of superior self-renewal and pluripotency (or multipotency) and maintaining stem cell identity under appropriate culture conditions are critical for guiding the use of stem cells toward clinical applications. Many investigations have implicated the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling in maintenance of stem cell characteristics and enhancement of stem cell therapy efficacy. IGF1R-expressing stem cells display robust pluripotent or multipotent properties. In this review, we summarize the essential roles of IGF1R signaling in self-renewal, pluripotency (or multipotency), and therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, cardiac stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, placental mesenchymal stem cells, and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Modifying IGF1R signaling may thus provide potential strategies for maintaining stem cell properties and improving stem-cell-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- 1 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,2 Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- 2 Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- 1 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Translational Medicine Research Center and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,4 Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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96
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Khalid S, Hanif R, Jabeen I, Mansoor Q, Ismail M. Pharmacophore modeling for identification of anti-IGF-1R drugs and in-vitro validation of fulvestrant as a potential inhibitor. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196312. [PMID: 29787591 PMCID: PMC5963753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is an important therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. The alteration in the IGF-1R associated signaling network due to various genetic and environmental factors leads the system towards metastasis. The pharmacophore modeling and logical approaches have been applied to analyze the behaviour of complex regulatory network involved in breast cancer. A total of 23 inhibitors were selected to generate ligand based pharmacophore using the tool, Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). The best model consisted of three pharmacophore features: aromatic hydrophobic (HyD/Aro), hydrophobic (HyD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). This model was validated against World drug bank (WDB) database screening to identify 189 hits with the required pharmacophore features and was further screened by using Lipinski positive compounds. Finally, the most effective drug, fulvestrant, was selected. Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor down regulator (SERD). This inhibitor was further studied by using both in-silico and in-vitro approaches that showed the targeted effect of fulvestrant in ER+ MCF-7 cells. Results suggested that fulvestrant has selective cytotoxic effect and a dose dependent response on IRS-1, IGF-1R, PDZK1 and ER-α in MCF-7 cells. PDZK1 can be an important inhibitory target using fulvestrant because it directly regulates IGF-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samra Khalid
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rumeza Hanif
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Research Center for Modeling & Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Mansoor
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), KRL Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), KRL Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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97
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Targeting the IGF1R Pathway in Breast Cancer Using Antisense lncRNA-Mediated Promoter cis Competition. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:105-117. [PMID: 30195750 PMCID: PMC6023958 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathway serves as a well-established target for cancer drug therapy. The intragenic antisense long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) IRAIN, a putative tumor suppressor, is downregulated in breast cancer cells, while IGF1R is overexpressed, leading to an abnormal IGF1R/IRAIN ratio that promotes tumor growth. To precisely target this pathway, we developed an “antisense lncRNA-mediated intragenic cis competition” (ALIC) approach to therapeutically correct the elevated IGF1R/IRAIN bias in breast cancer cells. We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to target the weak promoter of IRAIN antisense lncRNA and showed that in targeted clones, intragenic activation of the antisense lncRNA potently competed in cis with the promoter of the IGF1R sense mRNA. Notably, the normalization of IGF1R/IRAIN transcription inhibited the IGF1R signaling pathway in breast cancer cells, decreasing cell proliferation, tumor sphere formation, migration, and invasion. Using “nuclear RNA reverse transcription-associated trap” sequencing, we uncovered an IRAIN lncRNA-specific interactome containing gene targets involved in cell metastasis, signaling pathways, and cell immortalization. These data suggest that aberrantly upregulated IGF1R in breast cancer cells can be precisely targeted by cis transcription competition, thus providing a useful strategy to target disease genes in the development of novel precision medicine therapies.
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98
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The single agent activity of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in germline BRCA mutated (gBRCAm) breast and ovarian cancer suggests untapped potential for this new class of drug in breast cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved three PARPi (olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib) so far to treat certain ovarian cancers, including those with gBRCAm and olaparib for treatment of gBRCAm breast cancers. Several PARPi are now under clinical development for breast cancer in the various treatment settings. Recently, two phase III trials of olaparib (OlympiaD) and talazoparib (EMBRACA) demonstrated 3-month progression-free survival improvement with PARPi compared to physician's choice single agent chemotherapy in metastatic gBRCAm breast cancer. To date, PARPi seems less efficacious in metastatic breast cancer patients than those with BRCA mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, perhaps reflecting the biologic heterogeneity and low somatic BRCA mutation rate in breast cancer. The use of PARPi is gradually evolving, including combination strategies with chemotherapy, targeted agents, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy in women with and without gBRCAm. The role of predictive biomarkers, including molecular signatures and homologous recombination repair deficiency scores based on loss of heterozygosity and other structural genomic aberrations, will be crucial to identify a subgroup of patients who may have benefit from PARPi. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying PARPi clinical resistance will also be important to enable the development of new approaches to increase efficacy. This is a field rich in opportunity, and the coming years should see a better understanding of which breast cancer patients we should treat with PARPi and where these agents should come in over the course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Zimmer
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Dr. MSC1906 Building 10, Room 4B54, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1906, USA.
| | - Mitchell Gillard
- School of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Road Stony Brook, Bethesda, NY, 11794-8434, USA
| | - Stanley Lipkowitz
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Dr. MSC1906 Building 10, Room 4B54, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1906, USA
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Dr. MSC1906 Building 10, Room 4B54, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1906, USA
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99
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Stanicka J, Rieger L, O’Shea S, Cox O, Coleman M, O’Flanagan C, Addario B, McCabe N, Kennedy R, O’Connor R. FES-related tyrosine kinase activates the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor at sites of cell adhesion. Oncogene 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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100
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Ireland L, Santos A, Campbell F, Figueiredo C, Hammond D, Ellies LG, Weyer-Czernilofsky U, Bogenrieder T, Schmid M, Mielgo A. Blockade of insulin-like growth factors increases efficacy of paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:2022-2036. [PMID: 29367764 PMCID: PMC5895608 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in women owing to metastasis and the development of resistance to established therapies. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the breast tumor microenvironment and can both inhibit and support cancer progression. Thus, gaining a better understanding of how macrophages support cancer could lead to the development of more effective therapies. In this study, we find that breast cancer-associated macrophages express high levels of insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGFs) and are the main source of IGFs within both primary and metastatic tumors. In total, 75% of breast cancer patients show activation of insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling and this correlates with increased macrophage infiltration and advanced tumor stage. In patients with invasive breast cancer, activation of Insulin/IGF-1 receptors increased to 87%. Blocking IGF in combination with paclitaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat breast cancer, showed a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation and lung metastasis in pre-clinical breast cancer models compared to paclitaxel monotherapy. Our findings provide the rationale for further developing the combination of paclitaxel with IGF blockers for the treatment of invasive breast cancer, and Insulin/IGF1R activation and IGF+ stroma cells as potential biomarker candidates for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Ireland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Almudena Santos
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Fiona Campbell
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Carlos Figueiredo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dean Hammond
- Department of Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lesley G Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Thomas Bogenrieder
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG Medicine and Translational Research, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Schmid
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ainhoa Mielgo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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