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Lin Y, He F, Wu L, Xu Y, Du Q. Matrine Exerts Pharmacological Effects Through Multiple Signaling Pathways: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:533-569. [PMID: 35256842 PMCID: PMC8898013 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s349678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As The main effective monomer of the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora flavescens Ait, matrine has a broad scope of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-fibrotic, anti-viral, anti-arrhythmia, and improving immune function. These actions explain its therapeutic effects in various types of tumors, cardiopathy, encephalomyelitis, allergic asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Evidence has shown that the mechanism responsible for the pharmacological actions of matrine may be via the activation or inhibition of certain key molecules in several cellular signaling pathways including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR), transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (TGF-β/Smad), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Wnt (wingless/ integration 1)/β-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes recent studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of matrine to provide a theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapies and further development and utilization of matrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuming He
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
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Chen F, Pan Y, Xu J, Liu B, Song H. Research progress of matrine's anticancer activity and its molecular mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 286:114914. [PMID: 34919987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and ethnopharmacological relevance: Matrine (MT), a type of alkaloid extracted from the Sophora family of traditional Chinese medicine, has been documented to exert a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-fibrosis, and cardiovascular protection. Sophora flavescens Aiton is a traditional Chinese medicine that is bitter and cold. Additionally, it also exhibits the effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, expelling insects, and promoting urination. Malignant tumors are the most important medical issue and are also the second leading cause of death worldwide. Numerous natural substances have recently been revealed to have potent anticancer properties, and several have been used in clinical trials. AIMS OF THE STUDY To summarize the antitumor effects and associated mechanisms of MT, we compiled this review by combining a huge body of relevant literature and our previous research. MATERIALS AND METHODS As demonstrated, we grouped the pharmacological effects of MT via a PubMed search. Further, we described the mechanism and current pharmacological research on MT's antitumor activity. RESULTS Additionally, extensive research has demonstrated that MT possesses superior antitumor properties, including accelerating cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell growth and proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, inhibiting cancer metastasis and invasion, inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing autophagy, reversing multidrug resistance and inhibiting cell differentiation, thus indicating its significant potential for cancer treatment and prognosis. CONCLUSION This article summarizes current advances in research on the anticancer properties of MT and its molecular mechanism, to provide references for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yunxia Pan
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China.
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53
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Zhang F, Zhang H, Qian W, Xi Y, Chang L, Wu X, Li M. Matrine exerts antitumor activity in cervical cancer by protective autophagy via the Akt/mTOR pathway in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:110. [PMID: 35242238 PMCID: PMC8848215 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine is a quinazoline alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens. The aim of the present study was to determine whether matrine can induce autophagy in the human HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability assay was used to assess the suppressive effect of matrine and cisplatin on the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells. A total of 28 4-week-old female BALB/c nude mice were used for the in vivo study. Autophagy and protein expression were observed via transmission electron microscopy, monodansylcadaverine and immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. The inhibitory effect of matrine on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells was time- and dose-dependent. The combination of matrine and cisplatin synergistically inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Transmission electron microscopy showed that after the addition of matrine, numerous autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes were observable in HeLa and SiHa cells, as demonstrated by monodansylcadaverine staining. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining showed that as the concentration of matrine increased, the expression of the autophagy marker LC3A/B-II also increased significantly in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggested that matrine inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells and induced autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, matrine may represented a potential candidate in combination therapy for cervical cancer as an inducer of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yuyan Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Chang
- Department of Preventive Health and Community Services, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Mu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Thermosensitive molecularly imprinted polymer coupled with HPLC for selective enrichment and determination of matrine in traditional Chinese medicine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1191:123130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wu J, Yin T. Novel paeonol-matrine deep eutectic solvent: Physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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56
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Jiao H, Jia J. Ginsenoside compound K acts via LRP1 to alleviate Amyloid β 42-induced neuroinflammation in microglia by suppressing NF-κB. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 590:14-19. [PMID: 34968779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), has caused a mass of disability and mortality in elder populations, which increases global health burden. There are still limited effective disease-modifying drugs. Alleviating microglia-evoked neuroinflammation has become a promising treatment strategy for AD. Ginsenoside Compound K has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective benefits. Here we measured the effects of Ginsenoside Compound K in inhibiting amyloid-induced microglia inflammation and the possible molecular mechanisms and target of action in vitro. METHODS The cytotoxicity of all chemical reagents on BV2 cells were evaluated using the MTT assay. qRT-PCR and ELISA were carried out to detect the inflammatory cytokines levels. Western blot was utilized to determine the effect of Ginsenoside Compound K on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation. Antagonist Receptor Associated Protein (RAP) was used to verify the engagement of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP1). RESULTS Ginsenoside Compound K diminished inflammatory cytokine production and reversed NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation induced by Aβ42 oligomers. LRP1 expression was up-regulated by Ginsenoside Compound K. When LRP1 was blocked by antagonist RAP, the protective effect of Ginsenoside Compound K was massively eliminated. CONCLUSION These observations provide evidence for anti-inflammatory effect of Ginsenoside Compound K through NF-κB pathway via LRP1 activation, and support further evaluation of Ginsenoside Compound K as a potential effective modulator for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Jiao
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China; Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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57
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Ao L, Gao H, Jia L, Liu S, Guo J, Liu B, Dong Q. Matrine inhibits synovial angiogenesis in collagen-induced arthritis rats by regulating HIF-VEGF-Ang and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2021; 141:13-20. [PMID: 34781187 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Matrine (Mat) is an alkaloid of tetracycline quinazine, and previous studies have demonstrated its specific effect on relieving rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect of Mat on joint synovial angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of RA has not been elucidated. In this study, body weight, joint swelling, arthritis index (AI) score, histopathological changes, immunohistochemical, and western blot- were used in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats to detect pro-inflammatory factors and, - expression levels of key cytokines and proteins along the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-angiopoietin (Ang) axis and VEGF-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. In vitro experiments were conducted to observe the effect of Mat on the proliferation, migration and lumen formation of RA-fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results showed that Mat reduced the degree of paw swelling and AI score in CIA rats, joint synovial tissue proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and neovascularization; moreover, it down-regulated the expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, and pro-angiogenic factors VEGF, placental growth factor, HIF-α, Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-2, and phosphorylation-Akt in the ankle joint of CIA rats. In addition, the in vitro experiments showed that Mat inhibited the proliferation and migration of RA-FLS and inhibited the proliferation and lumen formation of HUVECs. Therefore, Mat exerts an anti-angiogenesis effect by regulating the HIF-VEGF-Ang axis and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This inhibits the pathogenesis and improve the symptoms of RA, and may be offered as a candidate drug for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Ao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chifeng Hospital of Mongolian Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Lifen Jia
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- Department of Urology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Jie Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Bingzhen Liu
- Department of TCM Rheumatology, Huhhot Hospital of Mongolian Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huhhot, 010110, China
| | - Qiumei Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, 010110, China.
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Abd-Alla HI, Souguir D, Radwan MO. Genus Sophora: a comprehensive review on secondary chemical metabolites and their biological aspects from past achievements to future perspectives. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:903-986. [PMID: 34907492 PMCID: PMC8671057 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sophora is deemed as one of the most remarkable genera of Fabaceae, and the third largest family of flowering plants. The genus Sophora comprises approximately 52 species, 19 varieties, and 7 forms that are widely distributed in Asia and mildly in Africa. Sophora species are recognized to be substantial sources of broad spectrum biopertinent secondary metabolites namely flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, chromones, pterocarpans, coumarins, benzofuran derivatives, sterols, saponins (mainly triterpene glycosides), oligostilbenes, and mainly alkaloids. Meanwhile, extracts and isolated compounds from Sophora have been identified to possess several health-promising effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiplatelets, antipyretic, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and insecticidal activities. Herein, the present review aims to provide comprehensive details about the phytochemicals and biological effects of Sophora species. The review spotlighted on the promising phytonutrients extracted from Sophora and their plethora of bioactivities. The review also clarifies the remaining gaps and thus qualifies and supplies a platform for further investigations of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Dalila Souguir
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Université de Carthage, 10 Rue Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed O Radwan
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Potential Mechanisms of Plant-Derived Natural Products in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101539. [PMID: 34680171 PMCID: PMC8533981 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy globally; it seriously endangers women’s health because of its high morbidity and mortality. Conventional treatments are prone to drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs with high efficacy and low side effects to prevent and treat cervical cancer. In recent years, plant-derived natural products have been evaluated as potential anticancer drugs that preferentially kill tumor cells without severe adverse effects. A growing number of studies have shown that natural products can achieve practical anti-cervical-cancer effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of tumor-cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis and telomerase activity, enhancement of immunity and reversal of multidrug resistance. This paper reviews the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of plant-derived natural products on cervical cancer and provides references for developing anti-cervical-cancer drugs with high efficacy and low side effects.
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60
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Misra SK, Pathak K. Naturally occurring heterocyclic anticancer compounds. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Naturally occurring heterocyclic scaffolds are key ingredients for the development of various therapeutics employed for biomedical applications. Heterocyclic pharmacophores are widely disseminated and have been befallen in almost all categories of drugs for the alleviation of myriad ailments including diabetes, neurodegenerative, psychiatric, microbial infections, disastrous cancers etc. Countless fused heterocyclic anticancerous templates are reported to display antimetabolite, antioxidant, antiproliferative, cytostatic etc. pharmacological actions via targeting different signaling pathways (cell cycle, PI-3kinase/Akt, p53, caspase extrinsic pathway etc.), overexpressive receptors (EGRF, HER2, EGF, VEGF etc.) and physiological enzymes (topoisomerase I and II, cyclin dependent kinase etc.). A compiled description on various natural sources (plants, microbes, marine) containing anticancer agents comprising heterocyclic ring specified with presence of nitrogen (vincristine, vinblastine, indole-3-carbinol, meridianins, piperine, lamellarins etc.), oxygen (paclitaxel, halichondrin B, quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol etc.) and sulphur atoms (brugine, fucoidan, carrageenan etc.) are displayed here along with their molecular level cytotoxic action and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kiran Misra
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University , Kanpur , 208026 , India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences , Saifai , Etawah , 206130 , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Zhang S, Gui X, Ding Y, Tong H, Ju W, Li Y, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Matrine Impairs Platelet Function and Thrombosis and Inhibits ROS Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:717725. [PMID: 34366869 PMCID: PMC8339414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.717725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid and possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether it affects platelet function and thrombosis remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of matrine on platelet function and thrombus formation. Human platelets were treated with matrine (0–1 mg/ml) for 1 h at 37°C followed by measuring platelet aggregation, granule secretion, receptor expression by flow cytometry, spreading and clot retraction. In addition, matrine (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice to measure tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombus formation. Matrine dose-dependently inhibited platelet aggregation and ATP release in response to either collagen-related peptide (Collagen-related peptide, 0.1 μg/ml) or thrombin (0.04 U/mL) stimulation without altering the expression of P-selectin, glycoprotein Ibα, GPVI, or αIIbβ3. In addition, matrine-treated platelets presented significantly decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and clot retraction along with reduced phosphorylation of c-Src. Moreover, matrine administration significantly impaired the in vivo hemostatic function of platelets, arterial and venous thrombus formation. Furthermore, in platelets stimulated with CRP or thrombin, matrine significantly reduced Reactive oxygen species generation, inhibited the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), p38 (Thr180/Tyr182) and AKT (Thr308/Ser473) as well as increased VASP phosphorylation (Ser239) and intracellular cGMP level. In conclusion, matrine inhibits platelet function, arterial and venous thrombosis, possibly involving inhibition of ROS generation, suggesting that matrine might be used as an antiplatelet agent for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gui
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China.,School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
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Chen MH, Gu YY, Zhang AL, Sze DMY, Mo SL, May BH. Biological effects and mechanisms of matrine and other constituents of Sophora flavescens in colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105778. [PMID: 34298110 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The plant Sophora flavescens Ait. has been used in the clinical management of colorectal cancer (CRC). Its constituent compounds, notably the alkaloids matrine, oxymatrine, and sophoridine, have received considerable research attention in experimental models of CRC in vivo and in vitro. This review found that extracts of S. flavescens and/or its constituent compounds have been reported to inhibit CRC cell proliferation by inducing cell-cycle arrest at the G1 phase, inducing apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway, interfering in cancer metabolism, inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis, regulating senescence and telomeres, regulating the tumour microenvironment and down-regulating cancer-related inflammation. In addition, matrine and oxymatrine reversed multi-drug resistance and enhanced the effects of chemotherapies. These anti-cancer effects were associated with regulation of several cellular signalling pathways including: MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, p38MAPK, NF-κB, Hippo/LATS2, TGF-β/Smad, JAK/STAT3, RhoA/ROC, and Wnt/ β-catenin pathways. These multiple actions in CRC suggest the alkaloids of S. flavescens may be therapeutic candidates for CRC management. Nevertheless, there remains considerable scope for future research into its flavonoid constituents, the effects of combinations of compounds, and the interaction between these compounds and anti-cancer drugs. In addition, more research is needed to investigate likely drug ligand-receptor interactions for each of the bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Chen
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Yue-Yu Gu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Anthony Lin Zhang
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Daniel Man-Yuen Sze
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Sui-Lin Mo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Brian H May
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
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Guo YX, Zhang Y, Gao YH, Deng SY, Wang LM, Li CQ, Li X. Role of Plant-Derived Natural Compounds in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Review of the Treatment Potential and Development Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639651. [PMID: 34262447 PMCID: PMC8273381 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that is mainly mediated by pathological T-cells. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-known animal model of MS that is used to study the underlying mechanism and offers a theoretical basis for developing a novel therapy for MS. Good therapeutic effects have been observed after the administration of natural compounds and their derivatives as treatments for EAE. However, there has been a severe lag in the research and development of drug mechanisms related to MS. This review examines natural products that have the potential to effectively treat MS. The relevant data were consulted in order to elucidate the regulated mechanisms acting upon EAE by the flavonoids, glycosides, and triterpenoids derived from natural products. In addition, novel technologies such as network pharmacology, molecular docking, and high-throughput screening have been gradually applied in natural product development. The information provided herein can help improve targeting and timeliness for determining the specific mechanisms involved in natural medicine treatment and lay a foundation for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Han Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si-Ying Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Mei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui-Qin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Özenver N, Efferth T. Phytochemical inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105710. [PMID: 34089866 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome holds a crucial role in innate immune responses. Pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns may initiate inflammasome activation and following inflammatory cytokine release. The inflammasome formation and its-associated activity are involved in various pathological conditions such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, metabolic, renal, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Although the mechanism behind NLRP3-mediated disorders have not been entirely illuminated, many phytochemicals and medicinal plants have been described to prevent inflammatory disorders. In the present review, we mainly introduced phytochemicals inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in addition to NLRP3-mediated diseases. For this purpose, we performed a systematic literature search by screening PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. By compiling the data of phytochemical inhibitors targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, a complex balance between inflammasome activation or inhibition with NLRP3 as central player was pointed out in NLRP3-driven pathological conditions. Phytochemicals represent potential therapeutic leads, enabling the generation of chemical derivatives with improved pharmacological features to treat NLRP3-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadire Özenver
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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65
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Jöhrer K, Ҫiҫek SS. Multiple Myeloma Inhibitory Activity of Plant Natural Products. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2678. [PMID: 34072312 PMCID: PMC8198565 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A literature search on plant natural products with antimyeloma activity until the end of 2020 resulted in 92 compounds with effects on at least one human myeloma cell line. Compounds were divided in different compound classes and both their structure-activity-relationships as well as eventual correlations with the pathways described for Multiple Myeloma were discussed. Each of the major compound classes in this review (alkaloids, phenolics, terpenes) revealed interesting candidates, such as dioncophyllines, a group of naphtylisoquinoline alkaloids, which showed pronounced and selective induction of apoptosis when substituted in position 7 of the isoquinoline moiety. Interestingly, out of the phenolic compound class, two of the most noteworthy constituents belong to the relatively small subclass of xanthones, rendering this group a good starting point for possible further drug development. The class of terpenoids also provides noteworthy constituents, such as the highly oxygenated diterpenoid oridonin, which exhibited antiproliferative effects equal to those of bortezomib on RPMI8226 cells. Moreover, triterpenoids containing a lactone ring and/or quinone-like substructures, e.g., bruceantin, whitaferin A, withanolide F, celastrol, and pristimerin, displayed remarkable activity, with the latter two compounds acting as inhibitors of both NF-κB and proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jöhrer
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Serhat Sezai Ҫiҫek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Wang Z, Yang L. Chinese herbal medicine: Fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection on all fronts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113869. [PMID: 33485973 PMCID: PMC7825841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly pathogenic virus that has spread rapidly across the entire world. There is a critical need to develop safe and effective drugs, especially broad-spectrum antiviral and organ protection agents in order to treat and prevent this dangerous disease. It is possible that Chinese herbal medicine may play an essential role in the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. AIM OF THE REVIEW We aim to review the use of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 both in vitro and in clinical practice. Our goal was to provide a better understanding of the potential therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine and to establish a "Chinese protocol" for the treatment of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically reviewed published research relating to traditional Chinese herbal medicines and the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 from inception to the 6th January 2021 by screening a range of digital databases (Web of Science, bioRxiv, medRxiv, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, X-MOL, Wanfang Data, Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, and other resources) and public platforms relating to the management of clinical trials. We included the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines, monomer preparations, crude extracts, and formulas for the treatment of COVID-19. RESULTS In mainland China, a range of Chinese herbal medicines have been recognized as very promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, including active ingredients (quercetagetin, osajin, tetrandrine, proscillaridin A, and dihydromyricetin), monomer preparations (xiyanping injection, matrine-sodium chloride injection, diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules, and sodium aescinate injection), crude extracts (Scutellariae Radix extract and garlic essential oil), and formulas (Qingfei Paidu decoction, Lianhuaqingwen capsules, and Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid). All these agents have potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 and have attracted significant attention due to their activities both in vitro and in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS As a key component of the COVID-19 treatment regimen, Chinese herbal medicines have played an irreplaceable role in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The "Chinese protocol" has already demonstrated clear clinical importance. The use of Chinese herbal medicines that are capable of inhibiting SARS-Cov-2 infection may help to address this immediate unmet clinical need and may be attractive to other countries that are also seeking new options for effective COVID-19 treatment. Our analyses suggest that countries outside of China should also consider protocols involving Chinese herbal medicines combat this fast-spreading viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Liyan Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China.
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Ma YS, Xin R, Yang XL, Shi Y, Zhang DD, Wang HM, Wang PY, Liu JB, Chu KJ, Fu D. Paving the way for small-molecule drug discovery. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:853-870. [PMID: 33841626 PMCID: PMC8014367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule drugs are organic compounds affecting molecular pathways by targeting important proteins, which have a low molecular weight, making them penetrate cells easily. Small-molecule drugs can be developed from leads derived from rational drug design or isolated from natural resources. As commonly used medications, small-molecule drugs can be taken orally, which enter cells to act on intracellular targets. These characteristics make small-molecule drugs promising candidates for drug development, and they are increasingly favored in the pharmaceutical market. Despite the advancements in molecular genetics and effective new processes in drug development, the drugs currently used in clinical practice are inadequate due to their poor efficacy or severe side effects. Therefore, developing new safe and efficient drugs is a top priority for disease control and curing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004, Hunan, China
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Pei-Yao Wang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor HospitalNantong 226631, China
| | - Kai-Jian Chu
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
| | - Da Fu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072, China
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Wei J, Liang Y, Wu L. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Tumor Resistance Reversal Activity Evaluation of Matrine Derivative with Thiophene Structure. Molecules 2021; 26:E417. [PMID: 33466857 PMCID: PMC7830115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) frequently occurs in Southern China. The main treatments of NPC are chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, chemo-resistance arises as a big obstacle in treating NPC. Therefore, there is a great need to develop new compounds that could reverse tumor drug resistance. In this study, eight matrine derivatives containing thiophene group were designed and synthesized. Structures of these 8 compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). The cytotoxicity and preliminary synergistic effects of these 8 compounds were detected against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and cisplatin-resistant NPC cells (CNE2/CDDP), respectively. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro tumor resistance reversal effects of compound 3f were evaluated. Moreover, docking studies were performed in Bclw (2Y6W). The results displayed that compound 3f showed synergistic inhibitory effects with cisplatin against CNE2/CDDP cells proliferation via apoptosis induction. Docking results revealed that compound 3f may exert its effects via inhibiting anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Wei
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi, China;
| | - Yuehui Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China;
| | - Lichuan Wu
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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69
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Wang H, Du Y, Wang Z, Yu W, Zhang L, Wu C, Wang M, Zhang J. Preparation of eco-friendly composite food packaging films based on gelatin and a matrine coconut acids ionic liquid. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02859f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eco-friendly food packaging films were prepared by compositing gelatin with a bioactive ionic liquid showing excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yixiang Du
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenyuan Wang
- Shenzhen Shinesky Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wen Yu
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Material Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chengyu Wu
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mi Wang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Centre of Printed Flexible Electronics, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Schultz CJ, Goonetilleke SN, Liang J, Lahnstein J, Levin KA, Bianco-Miotto T, Burton RA, Mather DE, Chalmers KJ. Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Plant 'Kushen' ( Sophora flavescens Ait.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704201. [PMID: 34413868 PMCID: PMC8369264 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Kushen root, from the woody legume Sophora flavescens, is a traditional Chinese medicine that is a key ingredient in several promising cancer treatments. This activity is attributed in part to two quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs), oxymatrine and matrine, that have a variety of therapeutic activities in vitro. Genetic selection is needed to adapt S. flavescens for cultivation and to improve productivity and product quality. Genetic diversity of S. flavescens was investigated using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) on 85 plants grown from seeds collected from 9 provinces of China. DArTSeq provided over 10,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, 1636 of which were used in phylogenetic analysis to reveal clear regional differences for S. flavescens. One accession from each region was selected for PCR-sequencing to identify gene-specific SNPs in the first two QA pathway genes, lysine decarboxylase (LDC) and copper amine oxidase (CAO). To obtain SfCAO sequence for primer design we used a targeted transcript capture and assembly strategy using publicly available RNA sequencing data. Partial gene sequence analysis of SfCAO revealed two recently duplicated genes, SfCAO1 and SfCAO2, in contrast to the single gene found in the QA-producing legume Lupinus angustifolius. We demonstrate high efficiency converting SNPs to Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers developing 27 new KASP markers, 17 from DArTSeq data, 7 for SfLDC, and 3 for SfCAO1. To complement this genetic diversity analysis a field trial site has been established in South Australia, providing access to diverse S. flavescens material for morphological, transcriptomic, and QA metabolite analysis. Analysis of dissected flower buds revealed that anthesis occurs before buds fully open suggesting a potential for S. flavescens to be an inbreeding species, however this is not supported by the relatively high level of heterozygosity observed. Two plants from the field trial site were analysed by quantitative real-time PCR and levels of matrine and oxymatrine were assessed in a variety of tissues. We are now in a strong position to select diverse plants for crosses to accelerate the process of genetic selection needed to adapt kushen to cultivation and improve productivity and product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J. Schultz
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shashi N. Goonetilleke
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jianping Liang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Liang,
| | - Jelle Lahnstein
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kara A. Levin
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tina Bianco-Miotto
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Burton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Diane E. Mather
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kenneth J. Chalmers
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Kenneth J. Chalmers,
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Lu Q, Lin X, Wu J, Wang B. Matrine attenuates cardiomyocyte ischemia-reperfusion injury through activating AMPK/Sirt3 signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:488-493. [PMID: 33019890 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1828914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Matrine has been found to affect cell viability and function. In the present study, we explored the cardioprotective role of matrine in cardiomyocyte damage under hypoxia/reoxygenation. In vitro, cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation was used to mimic ischemia/reperfusion injury in the presence of matrine. After exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation, cardiomyocyte viability was reduced and cell apoptosis was increased; this alteration was inhibited by matrine. At the molecular levels, Sirt3 and AMPK were significantly downregulated by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury whereas matrine administration was able to upregulate Sirt3 and AMPK expression and activity in the presence of hypoxia/reoxygenation. Interestingly, inhibition of Sirt3/AMPK pathway abolished the cardioprotective action of matrine on cardiomyocyte in the presence of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, resulting into cardiomyocyte viability reduction and cell death augmentation. Altogether, our results demonstrated a novel role played by matrine in regulating cardiomyocyte viability and death in the presence of hypoxia/reoxygenation, with a potential application in the clinical practice for the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiubei Lu
- Department of General Medicine, Tungwah Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiangyu Lin
- Department of General Medicine, Tungwah Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of General Medicine, Tungwah Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Binhao Wang
- Arrhythmia Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
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Identification of Matrine as a Novel Regulator of the CXCR4 Signaling Axis in Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134731. [PMID: 32630806 PMCID: PMC7370290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine, a quinolizidine alkaloid, is commonly employed for treating various viral and inflammatory disorders. Here, we have evaluated matrine for its activity on C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9/2) expression, and its potential to affect tumor metastasis and invasion. The effects of matrine on CXCR4, MMP-9/2, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation in lung (A549), prostate (DU145), and pancreas (MIA PaCa-2) cells were investigated by diverse techniques. The expression level of CXCR4 and MMP-9/2 was analyzed by western blot analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. NF-κB activation was also evaluated by western blot analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay as well as immunocytochemical experiments. Furthermore, we monitored cell invasion and metastasis activities by wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. We noted that matrine induced a down-regulation of CXCR4 and MMP-9/2 at both protein and mRNA levels. In addition, matrine negatively regulated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 (CXCL12)-induced CXCR4 expression. Moreover, NF-κB suppression by matrine led to inhibition of metastatic potential of tumor cells. Our results suggest that matrine can block the cancer metastasis through the negative regulation of CXCR4 and MMP-9/2 and consequently it can be considered as a potential candidate for cancer therapy.
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