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Alahmad S, Dinglasan E, Leung KM, Riaz A, Derbal N, Voss-Fels KP, Able JA, Bassi FM, Christopher J, Hickey LT. Speed breeding for multiple quantitative traits in durum wheat. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:36. [PMID: 29785201 PMCID: PMC5950182 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant breeding requires numerous generations to be cycled and evaluated before an improved cultivar is released. This lengthy process is required to introduce and test multiple traits of interest. However, a technology for rapid generation advance named 'speed breeding' was successfully deployed in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to achieve six generations per year while imposing phenotypic selection for foliar disease resistance and grain dormancy. Here, for the first time the deployment of this methodology is presented in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) by integrating selection for key traits, including above and below ground traits on the same set of plants. This involved phenotyping for seminal root angle (RA), seminal root number (RN), tolerance to crown rot (CR), resistance to leaf rust (LR) and plant height (PH). In durum wheat, these traits are desirable in environments where yield is limited by in-season rainfall with the occurrence of CR and epidemics of LR. To evaluate this multi-trait screening approach, we applied selection to a large segregating F2 population (n = 1000) derived from a bi-parental cross (Outrob4/Caparoi). A weighted selection index (SI) was developed and applied. The gain for each trait was determined by evaluating F3 progeny derived from 100 'selected' and 100 'unselected' F2 individuals. RESULTS Transgressive segregation was observed for all assayed traits in the Outrob4/Caparoi F2 population. Application of the SI successfully shifted the population mean for four traits, as determined by a significant mean difference between 'selected' and 'unselected' F3 families for CR tolerance, LR resistance, RA and RN. No significant shift for PH was observed. CONCLUSIONS The novel multi-trait phenotyping method presents a useful tool for rapid selection of early filial generations or for the characterization of fixed lines out-of-season. Further, it offers efficient use of resources by assaying multiple traits on the same set of plants. Results suggest that when performed in parallel with speed breeding in early generations, selection will enrich recombinant inbred lines with desirable alleles and will reduce the length and number of years required to combine these traits in elite breeding populations and therefore cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Alahmad
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Eric Dinglasan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kung Ming Leung
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adnan Riaz
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nora Derbal
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Engineering, The University of 8 Mai 1945, 24000 Guelma, Algeria
| | - Kai P. Voss-Fels
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Jason A. Able
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, Adelaide, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Filippo M. Bassi
- International Center for the Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jack Christopher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Leslie Research Facility, Toowoomba, 4350 QLD Australia
| | - Lee T. Hickey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia
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Riaz A, Athiyannan N, Periyannan SK, Afanasenko O, Mitrofanova OP, Platz GJ, Aitken EAB, Snowdon RJ, Lagudah ES, Hickey LT, Voss-Fels KP. Unlocking new alleles for leaf rust resistance in the Vavilov wheat collection. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:127-144. [PMID: 28980023 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-2990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen potentially new leaf rust resistance loci were identified in a Vavilov wheat diversity panel. We demonstrated the potential of allele stacking to strengthen resistance against this important pathogen. Leaf rust (LR) caused by Puccinia triticina is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars is the most viable strategy to minimise yield losses. In this study, we evaluated a diversity panel of 295 bread wheat accessions from the N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (St Petersburg, Russia) for LR resistance and performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 10,748 polymorphic DArT-seq markers. The diversity panel was evaluated at seedling and adult plant growth stages using three P. triticina pathotypes prevalent in Australia. GWAS was applied to 11 phenotypic data sets which identified a total of 52 significant marker-trait associations representing 31 quantitative trait loci (QTL). Among them, 29 QTL were associated with adult plant resistance (APR). Of the 31 QTL, 13 were considered potentially new loci, whereas 4 co-located with previously catalogued Lr genes and 14 aligned to regions reported in other GWAS and genomic prediction studies. One seedling LR resistance QTL located on chromosome 3A showed pronounced levels of linkage disequilibrium among markers (r 2 = 0.7), suggested a high allelic fixation. Subsequent haplotype analysis for this region found seven haplotype variants, of which two were strongly associated with LR resistance at seedling stage. Similarly, analysis of an APR QTL on chromosome 7B revealed 22 variants, of which 4 were associated with resistance at the adult plant stage. Furthermore, most of the tested lines in the diversity panel carried 10 or more combined resistance-associated marker alleles, highlighting the potential of allele stacking for long-lasting resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Riaz
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Naveenkumar Athiyannan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sambasivam K Periyannan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Olga Afanasenko
- Department of Plant Resistance to Diseases, All-Russian Research Institute for Plant Protection, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga P Mitrofanova
- N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gregory J Platz
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A B Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rod J Snowdon
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Evans S Lagudah
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lee T Hickey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | - Kai P Voss-Fels
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
- Department of Plant Breeding, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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Velu G, Crespo Herrera L, Guzman C, Huerta J, Payne T, Singh RP. Assessing Genetic Diversity to Breed Competitive Biofortified Wheat With Enhanced Grain Zn and Fe Concentrations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1971. [PMID: 30687366 PMCID: PMC6335970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Breeding wheat with enhanced levels of grain zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) is a cost-effective, sustainable solution to malnutrition problems. Modern wheat varieties have limited variation in grain Zn and Fe, but large-scale screening has identified high levels of Zn and Fe in wild relatives and progenitors of cultivated wheat. The most promising sources of high Zn and Fe are einkorn (Triticum monococcum), wild emmer (T. dicoccoides), diploid progenitors of hexaploid wheat (such as Aegilops tauschii), T. spelta, T. polonicum, and landraces of T. aestivum. This study evaluate the effects of translocations from rye and different Aegilops species in a "Pavon-76" wheat genetic background and utilized in the wheat biofortification breeding program at CIMMYT that uses diverse genetic resources, including landraces, recreated synthetic hexaploids, T. spelta and pre-breeding lines. Four translocations were identified that resulted significantly higher Zn content in "Pavon 76" genetic background than the check varieties, and they had increased levels of grain Fe as well-compared to "Pavon 76." These lines were also included in the breeding program aimed to develop advanced high Zn breeding lines. Advanced lines derived from diverse crosses were screened under Zn-enriched soil conditions in Mexico during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. The Zn content of the grain was ranging from 35 to 69 mg/kg during 2017 and 38 to 72 mg/kg during 2018. Meanwhile grain Fe ranged from 30 to 43 mg/kg during 2017 and 32 to 52 mg/kg during 2018. A highly significant positive correlation was found between Zn and Fe (r = 0.54; P < 0.001) content of the breeding lines, therefore it was possible to breed for both properties in parallel. Yield testing of the advanced lines showed that 15% (2017) and 24% (2018) of the lines achieved 95-110% yield potential of the commercial checks and also had 12 mg/kg advantage in the Zn content suggesting that greater genetic gains and farmer-preferred wheat varieties were developed and deployed. A decade of research and breeding efforts led to the selection of "best-bet" breeding lines and the release of eight biofortified wheat varieties in target regions of South Asia and in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindan Velu
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Govindan Velu
| | - Leonardo Crespo Herrera
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Guzman
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Julio Huerta
- Campo Experimental Valle de Mexico, National Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Chapingo, Mexico
| | - Thomas Payne
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
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Tikhenko N, Rutten T, Senula A, Rubtsova M, Keller ERJ, Börner A. The changes in the reproductive barrier between hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.): different states lead to different fates. PLANTA 2017; 246:377-388. [PMID: 28424873 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The changes in the reproductive barrier between hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and rye ( Secale cereale L.) can be induced using in situ embryo rescue of abnormal embryos, yielding stable fertile amphidiploid plants. In intergeneric crosses between hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.), postzygotic barriers may occur at different stages of hybrid development. One such mechanism is embryo lethality, which is genetically determined by the interaction and expression of two incompatible genes in wheat (Eml-A1) and rye (Eml-R1). Using in vitro culture methods as stressors, we overcame this hybrid lethality. Normal and abnormal embryos were observed to build embryogenic calli and produce regenerated plantlets in a similar manner. The high regenerative capacity of the abnormal embryos led us to conclude that the reproductive barrier in these intergeneric hybrids may have an epigenetic origin that can be easily overcome by culturing immature embryos via callus induction. After colchicine treatment during callus culture, amphidiploid plants were obtained. However, most of these plants did not produce seeds, due mainly to sterility of the pollen but also of the embryo sacs. These findings demonstrate that hybrid sterility affects both male and female gametophytes in plants obtained from abnormal embryos. The key roles of double fertilization and stress factors in the implementation of the apical meristem formation program in embryos from incompatible intergeneric crosses between hexaploid wheat and rye during in vitro culture are discussed. We also propose a hypothetical model for a wheat-rye lethality system involving differential expression of incompatible wheat Eml-A1 and rye Eml-R1b alleles in an identical genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tikhenko
- SPb Branch Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, RAS, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Angelika Senula
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Myroslava Rubtsova
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - E R Joachim Keller
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Stadt Seeland OT Gatersleben, Germany.
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Francis D, Finer JJ, Grotewold E. Challenges and opportunities for improving food quality and nutrition through plant biotechnology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 44:124-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Guzman C, Peña RJ, Singh R, Autrique E, Dreisigacker S, Crossa J, Rutkoski J, Poland J, Battenfield S. Wheat quality improvement at CIMMYT and the use of genomic selection on it. Appl Transl Genom 2016; 11:3-8. [PMID: 28018844 PMCID: PMC5167370 DOI: 10.1016/j.atg.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) leads the Global Wheat Program, whose main objective is to increase the productivity of wheat cropping systems to reduce poverty in developing countries. The priorities of the program are high grain yield, disease resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses (drought and heat), and desirable quality. The Wheat Chemistry and Quality Laboratory has been continuously evolving to be able to analyze the largest number of samples possible, in the shortest time, at lowest cost, in order to deliver data on diverse quality traits on time to the breeders for making selections for advancement in the breeding pipeline. The participation of wheat quality analysis/selection is carried out in two stages of the breeding process: evaluation of the parental lines for new crosses and advanced lines in preliminary and elite yield trials. Thousands of lines are analyzed which requires a big investment in resources. Genomic selection has been proposed to assist in selecting for quality and other traits in breeding programs. Genomic selection can predict quantitative traits and is applicable to multiple quantitative traits in a breeding pipeline by attaining historical phenotypes and adding high-density genotypic information. Due to advances in sequencing technology, genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism markers are available through genotyping-by-sequencing at a cost conducive to application for genomic selection. At CIMMYT, genomic selection has been applied to predict all of the processing and end-use quality traits regularly tested in the spring wheat breeding program. These traits have variable levels of prediction accuracy, however, they demonstrated that most expensive traits, dough rheology and baking final product, can be predicted with a high degree of confidence. Currently it is being explored how to combine both phenotypic and genomic selection to make more efficient the genetic improvement for quality traits at CIMMYT spring wheat breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Guzman
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Roberto Javier Peña
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Ravi Singh
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Enrique Autrique
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Jose Crossa
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Jessica Rutkoski
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Jesse Poland
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 4011 Throckmorton Plant Science Center, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Sarah Battenfield
- AgriPro Wheat, Syngenta, 11783 Archer Rd., Junction City, KS 66441, USA
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