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Exendin-4 Exacerbates Burn-Induced Morbidity in Mice by Activation of the Sympathetic Nervous System. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2750528. [PMID: 30800001 PMCID: PMC6360064 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2750528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although glucagon-like peptide 1- (GLP-1-) based therapy of hyperglycemia in burn injury has shown great potential in clinical trials, its safety is seldom evaluated. We hypothesize that exendin-4, a GLP-1 analogue, might affect the immune response via the activation of the sympathetic nervous system in burn injury. Methods Male Balb/c mice were subjected to sham or thermal injury of 15% total body surface area. Exendin-4 on T cell function in vitro was examined in cultured splenocytes in the presence of β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (1 nmol/L) or GLP-1R antagonist exendin (9-39) (1 μmol/L), whereas its in vivo effect was determined by i.p. injection of exendin-4 (2.4 nmol/kg) in mice. To further elucidate the sympathetic mechanism, propranolol (30 mg/kg) or vehicle was applied 30 min prior to injury. Results Although the exacerbated burn-induced mortality by exendin-4 was worsened by propranolol pretreatment, the inhibition of T cell proliferation by exendin-4 in vitro could be restored by propranolol instead of exendin (9-39). However, a Th2 switch by exendin-4 in vitro could only be reversed by exendin (9-39). Likewise, the inhibition of splenic T cell function and NFAT activity by exendin-4 in vivo was restored by propranolol. By contrast, the increased splenic NF-κB translocation by exendin-4 in vivo was potentiated by propranolol in sham mice but suppressed in burn mice. Accordingly, propranolol abrogated the heightened inflammatory response in the lung and the accelerated organ injuries by exendin-4 in burn mice. On the contrary, a Th2 switch and higher serum levels of inflammatory mediators by exendin-4 were potentiated by propranolol in burn mice. Lastly, exendin-4 raised serum stress hormones which could be remarkably augmented by propranolol. Conclusions Exendin-4 suppresses T cell function and promotes organ inflammation through the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, while elicits Th2 switch via GLP-1R in burn injury.
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Nguyen DV, Linderholm A, Haczku A, Kenyon N. Obesity-related, metabolic asthma: a new role for glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2018; 5:162-164. [PMID: 28266322 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(17)30051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Angela Linderholm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Nicholas Kenyon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Huang J, Yi H, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Liu B, He P, Zhou M. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling ameliorates dysfunctional immunity in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3191-3202. [PMID: 30349227 PMCID: PMC6186765 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s175145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist – liraglutide (LIR) – is an insulin secretagogue for the treatment of diabetes and has been proven to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of COPD. Evidence suggested that activating GLP-1R signaling might have immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory effects. COPD is characterized by dysregulation of immunity, oxidative stress, and excessive inflammation responses. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GLP-1R signaling had a regulatory role in COPD immunity. Patients and methods Fifty-seven COPD patients in a stable condition and 51 age-, sex-, and smoking history-matched non-COPD subjects provided blood samples for isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). GLP-1R expression was measured, and its association with clinical parameters and plasma cytokines was analyzed. T cell function was assessed at baseline and after regulating GLP-1R expression. Results GLP-1R expression decreased in circulating PBMCs of COPD patients, which was associated with decreased interferon (IFN)-γ expression. Reduced IFN-γ production stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and increased programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression on T cells were observed in COPD patients compared with non-COPD subjects. Treatment with LIR could upregulate the GLP-1R expression, and this was observed to restore the antigen-stimulated IFN-γ production and downregulate PD-1 expression in T cells. Conclusion PBMCs of COPD patients showed defective GLP-1R signaling and functional T-lymphocyte abnormalities that could be rescued by LIR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Huahua Yi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chunliu Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Luwan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ping He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China,
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Pang Y, Yuan X, Guo J, Wang X, Yang M, Zhu J, Wang J. The effect of liraglutide on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:106-114. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Pang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xuemin Yuan
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jia Guo
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Man Yang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jingli Zhu
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of StomatologyLanzhou University Lanzhou China
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Remifentanil suppresses increase in interleukin-6 mRNA in the brain by inhibiting cyclic AMP synthesis. J Anesth 2018; 32:731-739. [PMID: 30167784 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-018-2548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuronal inflammation is caused by systemic inflammation and induces cognitive dysfunction. IL-6 plays a crucial role in therapies for neuronal inflammation and cognitive dysfunction. Remifentanil, an ultra-short-acting opioid, controls inflammatory reactions in the periphery, but not in the brain. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory effects of remifentanil in neuronal tissue and the involvement of cAMP in these effects were investigated in the present study. METHODS Mice were divided into 4 groups: control, remifentanil, LPS, and LPS + remifentanil. Brain levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA, and serum levels of corticosterone, catecholamine and IL-6 were measured in the 4 groups. The co-localization of IL-6 and astrocytes in the mouse brain after the LPS injection was validated by immunostaining. LPS and/or remifentanil-induced changes in intracellular cAMP levels in cultured glial cells were measured, and the effects of cAMP on LPS-induced IL-6 mRNA expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS Remifentanil suppressed increase in IL-6 mRNA levels in the mouse brain, and also inhibited the responses of plasma IL-6, corticosterone, and noradrenaline in an inflammatory state. In the hypothalamus, IL-6 was localized in the median eminence, at which GFAP immunoreactivity was specifically detected. In cultured cells, remifentanil suppressed increase in IL-6 mRNA levels and intracellular cAMP levels after the administration of LPS, and this enhanced IL-6 mRNA expression in response to LPS. CONCLUSION Remifentanil suppressed increase in IL-6 mRNA levels in the brain in an inflammatory state, and this effect may be attributed to its direct action on neuronal cells through the inhibition of intracellular cAMP rather than corticosterone.
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GLP-1 Analogue Liraglutide Enhances SP-A Expression in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury through the TTF-1 Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3601454. [PMID: 29950925 PMCID: PMC5987313 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3601454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction of pulmonary surfactant (PS) is essential for decreased pulmonary compliance and edema in acute lung injury (ALI). Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) plays a major role in the regulation of surfactant protein-A (SP-A), the most abundant protein component of PS. Simultaneously, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue can enhance SP-A expression in the lung. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore whether liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue, upregulates SP-A expression through the TTF-1 signaling pathway in ALI. In vivo, a murine model of ALI was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pulmonary inflammation, edema, insulin level, ultrastructural changes in type II alveolar epithelial (ATII) cells, and SP-A and TTF-1 expression were analyzed. In vitro, rat ATII cells were obtained. SP-A and TTF-1 expression in cells was measured. ShRNA-TTF-1 transfection was performed to knock down TTF-1 expression. Our data showed that LPS-induced lung injury and increase in insulin level, and LPS-induced reduction of SP-A and TTF-1 expression in both the lung and cells, were significantly compromised by liraglutide. Furthermore, we also found that these effects of liraglutide were markedly blunted by shRNA-TTF-1. Taken together, our findings suggest that liraglutide enhances SP-A expression in ATII cells and attenuates pulmonary inflammation in LPS-induced ALI, most likely through the TTF-1 signaling pathway.
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Bloodworth MH, Rusznak M, Pfister CC, Zhang J, Bastarache L, Calvillo SA, Chappell JD, Boyd KL, Toki S, Newcomb DC, Stier MT, Zhou W, Goleniewska K, Moore ML, Hartert TV, Niswender KD, Peebles RS. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor signaling attenuates respiratory syncytial virus-induced type 2 responses and immunopathology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:683-687.e12. [PMID: 29678751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa H Bloodworth
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Mark Rusznak
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Connor C Pfister
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Jian Zhang
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Sandra Alvarez Calvillo
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - James D Chappell
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kelli L Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Shinji Toki
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Dawn C Newcomb
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Matthew T Stier
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Weisong Zhou
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kasia Goleniewska
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Martin L Moore
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Tina V Hartert
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kevin D Niswender
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - R Stokes Peebles
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn.
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Al-Dwairi A, Alqudah TE, Al-Shboul O, Alqudah M, Mustafa AG, Alfaqih MA. Glucagon-like peptide-1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on mouse colon smooth muscle cells through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/nuclear factor-κB pathway in vitro. J Inflamm Res 2018; 11:95-109. [PMID: 29593427 PMCID: PMC5865574 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s152835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergo substantial morphological, phenotypic, and contractile changes during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). SMCs act as a source and target for different inflammatory mediators, however their role in IBD pathogenesis is usually overlooked. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone reported to exert multiple anti-inflammatory effects in different tissues including the gastrointestinal tract through various mechanisms. Aim The aim of this research is to explore the effect of GLP-1 analog exendin-4 on the expression and secretion of inflammatory markers from mouse colon smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and methods Freshly isolated CSMCs from male BALB/c mice were cultured in DMEM and treated with vehicle, LPS (1 μg/mL), LPS+exendin-4 (50 nM), or LPS+exendin-4 (100 nM) for 24 h. Expression of inflammatory cytokines was then evaluated by antibody array membrane. Results CSMCs showed basal expression of several cytokines which was enhanced with the induction of inflammation by LPS. However, exendin-4 (50 and 100 nM) significantly (p<0.05) reduced the expression of multiple cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), T cell activation gene-3 (TCA-3), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). To confirm these results, expression of these cytokines was further assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction and similar results were also observed. Moreover, secretion of TNF-α and IL1-α into the conditioned media was significantly downregulated by exendin-4 when compared to LPS-treated cells. Furthermore, LPS increased NF-κB phosphorylation, while exendin-4 significantly reduced levels of NF-κB phosphorylation. Conclusion These data indicate that GLP-1 analogs can exert significant anti-inflammatory effects on CSMCs and can potentially be used as an adjunct treatment for inflammatory bowel conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Dwairi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tamara E Alqudah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alqudah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayman G Mustafa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Toki S, Goleniewska K, Reiss S, Zhang J, Bloodworth MH, Stier MT, Zhou W, Newcomb DC, Ware LB, Stanwood GD, Galli A, Boyd KL, Niswender KD, Peebles RS. Glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling inhibits allergen-induced lung IL-33 release and reduces group 2 innate lymphoid cell cytokine production in vivo. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1515-1528.e8. [PMID: 29331643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-33 is one of the most consistently associated gene candidates for asthma identified by using a genome-wide association study. Studies in mice and in human cells have confirmed the importance of IL-33 in inducing type 2 cytokine production from both group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and TH2 cells. However, there are no pharmacologic agents known to inhibit IL-33 release from airway cells. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) signaling on aeroallergen-induced airway IL-33 production and release and on innate type 2 airway inflammation. METHODS BALB/c mice were challenged intranasally with Alternaria extract for 4 consecutive days. GLP-1R agonist or vehicle was administered starting either 2 days before the first Alternaria extract challenge or 1 day after the first Alternaria extract challenge. RESULTS GLP-1R agonist treatment starting 2 days before the first Alternaria extract challenge decreased IL-33 release in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and dual oxidase 1 (Duox1) mRNA expression 1 hour after the first Alternaria extract challenge and IL-33 expression in lung epithelial cells 24 hours after the last Alternaria extract challenge. Furthermore, GLP-1R agonist significantly decreased the number of ILC2s expressing IL-5 and IL-13, lung protein expression of type 2 cytokines and chemokines, the number of perivascular eosinophils, mucus production, and airway responsiveness compared with vehicle treatment. GLP-1R agonist treatment starting 1 day after the first Alternaria extract challenge also significantly decreased eosinophilia and type 2 cytokine and chemokine expression in the airway after 4 days of Alternaria extract challenge. CONCLUSION These results reveal that GLP-1R signaling might be a therapy to reduce IL-33 release and inhibit the ILC2 response to protease-containing aeroallergens, such as Alternaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Toki
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kasia Goleniewska
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Sara Reiss
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Jian Zhang
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Melissa H Bloodworth
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Matthew T Stier
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Weisong Zhou
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Dawn C Newcomb
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Lorraine B Ware
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Gregg D Stanwood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain Repair, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Fla
| | - Aurelio Galli
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kelli L Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kevin D Niswender
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tenn; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - R Stokes Peebles
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tenn.
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Nguyen DV, Linderholm A, Haczku A, Kenyon N. Glucagon-like peptide 1: A potential anti-inflammatory pathway in obesity-related asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 180:139-143. [PMID: 28648831 PMCID: PMC5677567 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in arginine metabolism and accelerated formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), crucial mechanisms in obesity-related asthma, can be modulated by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). l-arginine dysregulation in obesity promotes inflammation and bronchoconstriction. Prolonged hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress leads to production of AGEs, that bind to their receptor (RAGE) further potentiating inflammation. By binding to its widely distributed receptor, GLP-1 blunts the effects of RAGE activation and arginine dysregulation. The GLP-1 pathway, while comprehensively studied in the endocrine and cardiovascular literature, is under-recognized in pulmonary research. Insights into GLP-1 and the lung may lead to novel treatments for obesity-related asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Vinh Nguyen
- University of California Davis, the Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, United States.
| | - Angela Linderholm
- University of California Davis, the Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, United States
| | - Angela Haczku
- University of California Davis, the Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, United States
| | - Nicholas Kenyon
- University of California Davis, the Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, United States
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Insuela DBR, Carvalho VF. Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 as novel anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:64-72. [PMID: 28688914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are polypeptide hormones that are produced by pancreatic α-cells and the intestine, respectively, whose main function is to control glucose homeostasis. The glucagon and GLP-1 levels are imbalanced in diabetes. Furthermore, type 1 diabetic patients and animals present with a diminished inflammatory response, which is related to some morbidities of diabetes, such as a higher incidence of infectious diseases, including sepsis. The focus of this review is to briefly summarize the state of the art concerning the effects of glucagon and GLP-1 on the inflammatory response. Here, we propose that glucagon and GLP-1 have anti-inflammatory properties, making them possible prototypes for the design and synthesis of new compounds to treat inflammatory diseases. In addition, glucagon, GLP-1 or their analogues or new derivatives may not only be important for managing inflammatory diseases but may also have the therapeutic potential to prevent, cure or ameliorate diabetes in patients by counteracting the deleterious effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the function and viability of pancreatic β-cells. In addition, GLP-1, its analogues or drugs that inhibit GLP-1 metabolism may have a doubly beneficial effect in diabetic patients by inhibiting the inflammatory response and reducing glycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella B R Insuela
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n°4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius F Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n°4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Brazil.
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62
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Mitchell PD, Salter BM, Oliveria JP, El-Gammal A, Tworek D, Smith SG, Sehmi R, Gauvreau GM, Butler M, O'Byrne PM. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor expression on human eosinophils and its regulation of eosinophil activation. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:331-338. [PMID: 27928844 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor are part of the incretin family of hormones that regulate glucose metabolism. GLP-1 also has immune modulatory roles. OBJECTIVES To measure the expression of the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) on eosinophils and neutrophils in normal and asthmatic subjects and evaluate effects of a GLP-1 analog on eosinophil function. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were taken from 10 normal and 10 allergic asthmatic subjects. GLP-1R expression was measured on eosinophils and neutrophils. Subsequently, the asthmatic subjects underwent allergen and diluent inhalation challenges, and GLP-1R expression was measured. Purified eosinophils, collected from mild asthmatic subjects, were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a GLP-1 analog to evaluate eosinophil cell activation markers CD11b and CD69 and cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-8 and IL-13) production. RESULTS Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is expressed on human eosinophils and neutrophils. Eosinophil, but not neutrophil, expression of GLP-1R is significantly higher in normal controls compared to allergic asthmatics. The expression of GLP-1R did not change on either eosinophils or neutrophils following allergen challenge. A GLP-1 analog significantly decreased the expression of eosinophil-surface activation markers following LPS stimulation and decreased eosinophil production of IL-4, IL-8 and IL-13, but not IL-5. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is expressed on human eosinophils and neutrophils. A GLP-1 analog attenuates LPS-stimulated eosinophil activation. GLP-1 agonists may have additional adjunctive indications in treating persons with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - B M Salter
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J P Oliveria
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A El-Gammal
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Tworek
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S G Smith
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - R Sehmi
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - G M Gauvreau
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Butler
- Department of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P M O'Byrne
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Ye J, Zhang H, He W, Zhu B, Zhou D, Chen Z, Ashraf U, Wei Y, Liu Z, Fu ZF, Chen H, Cao S. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis identifies the critical role of JNK1 in neuroinflammation induced by Japanese encephalitis virus. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra98. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhu T, Zhang W, Feng SJ, Yu HP. Emodin suppresses LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells through a PPARγ-dependent pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 34:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of GLP-1-Based Therapies beyond Glucose Control. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3094642. [PMID: 27110066 PMCID: PMC4823510 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3094642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone mainly secreted from intestinal L cells in response to nutrient ingestion. GLP-1 has beneficial effects for glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, delaying gastric emptying, decreasing plasma glucagon, reducing food intake, and stimulating glucose disposal. Therefore, GLP-1-based therapies such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which is a GLP-1 inactivating enzyme, have been developed for treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition to glucose-lowering effects, emerging data suggests that GLP-1-based therapies also show anti-inflammatory effects in chronic inflammatory diseases including type 1 and 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, diabetic nephropathy, asthma, and psoriasis. This review outlines the anti-inflammatory actions of GLP-1-based therapies on diseases associated with chronic inflammation in vivo and in vitro, and their molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action.
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Chen LS, Yang YS, Chen K, Chen XY, Xie WR, Wang H. Dexamethasone treatment upregulates glutamyl prolyl tRNA synthetase expression in liver tissue of rats with severe acute pancreatitis-associated liver injury. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:5133-5140. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i32.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on the expression of glutamyl prolyl tRNA synthetase (EPRS) in liver tissue of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-associated liver injury.
METHODS: Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into an SAP model group, a sham operation (SO) group, and a DEX treatment group. Sodium taurocholate was used to induce SAP in rats of the model group and DEX group. Dexamethasone was given by intramuscular injection at 0.5 mg/100 g in the DEX group. Rats in each group were killed at different points (2, 6, 12, and 24 h) after treatment for further analysis. HE staining was used to observe liver damage. Serum amylase (AMS) content was measured by iodine colorimetric method. ELISA was used to detect the expression of liver nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The expression of EPRS was detected by immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS: The SAP group suffered more severe inflammatory exudation than the SO group as revealed by liver HE staining. The DEX group had a decreased pathological score compared with the SAP group (P = 0.025). Serum AMS was significantly lower in the DEX group than in the SAP group (P = 0.0013). NF-κB expression at 6 h was significantly lower (P = 0.047), but IFN-γ expression at 6 h was significantly higher in the DEX group than in the SAP group (P = 0.038). The DEX group had significantly increased EPRS expression at 6 h as shown by immunohistochemistry (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Hepatic EPRS expression is increased at 6 h after dexamethasone treatment in SAP rats.
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