51
|
OUP accepted manuscript. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:919-929. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
52
|
Liu Y, Guo J, Zhang J, Deng Y, Xiong G, Fu J, Wei L, Lu H. Chlorogenic acid alleviates thioacetamide-induced toxicity and promotes liver development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) through the Wnt signaling pathway. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 242:106039. [PMID: 34856462 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a phenylpropanoid compound that is well known to improve the antioxidant capacity and other biological activities. However, the roles of CGA in the liver development of organisms are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the function of CGA in the hepatic development in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced zebrafish embryos. We found that CGA exerted certain beneficial effects on zebrafish larvae from TAA-exposed zebrafish embryos, such as increasing the liver size, body length, heart rate, acetylcholinesterase activity, and motor ability. In addition, CGA displayed an antioxidant effect on TAA-induced zebrafish embryos by enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and decreasing of the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO). The results of western blotting analysis showed that CGA inhibited cell apoptosis by increasing the levels of Bcl2 apoptosis regulator and decreasing the levels of Bcl2 associated X (Bax), apoptosis regulator and tumor protein P53. Moreover, CGA promoted cell proliferation in TAA-induced zebrafish larvae, as detected using proliferating cell nuclear antigen fluorescence immunostaining. In addition, CGA inhibited the expression of Wnt signaling pathway genes Dkk1 (encoding Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitors), and promoted the expression of Lef1 (encoding lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1) and Wnt2bb (encoding wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 2Bb). When the Wnt signal inhibitor IWR-1 was added, there was no significant change in liver development in the IWR-1 + TAA group compared with the IWR-1 + TAA + CGA group (p <0.05), which suggested that CGA regulates liver development via Wnt signaling pathway. Overall, our results suggested that CGA might alleviate TAA-induced toxicity in zebrafish and promote liver development through the Wnt signaling pathway, which provides a basis for the therapeutic effect of CGA on liver dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - June Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunyun Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs; College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Jian, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianpin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lili Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs; College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Jian, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Li F, Yan H, Jiang L, Zhao J, Lei X, Ming J. Cherry Polyphenol Extract Ameliorated Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Suppressing Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010049. [PMID: 35010176 PMCID: PMC8750665 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and nonspecific inflammatory disease of the colon and rectum, and its etiology remains obscure. Cherry polyphenols showed potential health-promoting effects. However, both the protective effect and mechanism of cherry polyphenols on UC are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of the free polyphenol extract of cherry in alleviating UC and its possible mechanism of action. Our study revealed that the free polyphenol extract of cherry management significantly alleviated UC symptoms, such as weight loss, colon shortening, the thickening of colonic mucous layer, etc. The free polyphenol extract of cherry treatment also introduced a significant reduction in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO), while causing a significant elevation in levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This indicated that such positive effects were performed through reducing oxidative damage or in a cytokine-specific manner. The immunofluorescence analysis of ZO-1 and occludin proteins declared that the free polyphenol extract of cherry had the potential to prompt intestinal barrier function. The reduced expression levels of β-catenin, c-myc, cyclin D1 and GSK-3β suggested that the cherry extract performed its positive effect on UC by suppressing the Wnt/β-ctenin pathway. This finding may pave the way into further understanding the mechanism of cherry polyphenols ameliorating ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Huiming Yan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Jichun Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaojuan Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (F.L.); (H.Y.); (L.J.); (J.Z.); (X.L.)
- Research Center of Food Storage & Logistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-023-68251298; Fax: +86-023-68251947
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Perri MR, Romano C, Marrelli M, Zicarelli L, Toma CC, Basta D, Conforti F, Statti G. Beneficial Role of Fruits, Their Juices, and Freeze-Dried Powders on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Related Dysbiosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010004. [PMID: 35009009 PMCID: PMC8747592 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of complex chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. It is linked to a number of genetic and environmental factors able to perturb the immune-microbiome axis. Diet is the most investigated variable both for its role in the etiology of IBD and for its beneficial potential in the treatment of the symptoms. Dietary products may influence intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms of action, such as the modulation of inflammatory mediators, the alteration of gene expression, changes in gut permeability, and modifications in enteric flora composition. A consisting number of studies deal with the link between nutrition and microbial community, and particular attention is paid to plant-based foods. The effects of the dietary intake of different fruits have been investigated so far. This review aims to present the most recent studies concerning the beneficial potential of fruit consumption on human gut microbiota. Investigated plant species are described, and obtained results are presented and discussed in order to provide an overview of both in vitro and in vivo effects of fruits, their juices, and freeze-dried powders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Perri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.R.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Carmen Romano
- SIACSA Società Italiana degli Analisti del Comportamento in campo Sperimentale ed Applicativo, 87100 Cosenza, RC, Italy;
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.R.P.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Claudia-Crina Toma
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 87 L. Rebreanu Str., 310045 Arad, Romania;
| | - Daniele Basta
- University Sport Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy;
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.R.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; (M.R.P.); (F.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Guo F, Tsao R, Li C, Wang X, Zhang H, Jiang L, Sun Y, Xiong H. Green Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Hull Polyphenol Extracts Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis through Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway and Gut Microbiota Modulation. Foods 2021; 10:2765. [PMID: 34829046 PMCID: PMC8624850 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a processing by-product, green pea hull (GPH) was found to be rich in phenolic components in our previous studies. In this study, UHPLC-LTQ-OrbiTrap-MS (Ultra performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry) technique was used to quantify polyphenols, and DSS (sodium dextran sulfate)-induced colitis mouse model was established to explore the effect of GPH extracts on colitis. The results showed that quercetin and its derivatives, kaempferol trihexanside and catechin and its derivatives were the main phenolic substances in the extract, reaching 2836.57, 1482.00 and 1339.91 µg quercetin/g GPH extract, respectively; GPH extracts can improved inflammatory status, repaired colonic function, regulated inflammatory factors, and restored oxidative balance in mice. Further, GPH extracts can activate Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, regulate downstream antioxidant protease and gut microbiota by increasing F/B value and promoting the growth of Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae, and improve the level of SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids) to relieve DSS-induced colitis in mice. Therefore, GPH may be a promising dietary resource for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agricultural and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada;
| | - Chuyao Li
- Nanchang Inspection and Testing Center, Nanchang 330029, China;
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (X.W.); (H.Z.); (L.J.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (X.W.); (H.Z.); (L.J.)
| | - Li Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (X.W.); (H.Z.); (L.J.)
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;
| | - Hua Xiong
- College of Food Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Gu Z, Pei W, Shen Y, Wang L, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Fan S, Wu Q, Li L, Zhang Z. Akkermansia muciniphila and its outer protein Amuc_1100 regulates tryptophan metabolism in colitis. Food Funct 2021; 12:10184-10195. [PMID: 34532729 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02172a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dietary interventions, including dietary ingredients, nutrients and probiotics, exert anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our previous study showed that Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk), a promising probiotic, could protect against colitis via the regulation of the immune response. However, whether it can restore aberrant tryptophan (Trp) metabolism during colitis remains unclear. In this study, untargeted serum metabolomics of patients with UC and colitis mice showed that Trp metabolism was activated, which was confirmed by quantification of Trp metabolites from a validation cohort and animal study. Integrative analysis of faecal metagenomes and serum metabolomes revealed significant associations between Akk and three Trp metabolites. Live Akk, pasteurised Akk and Amuc_1100 failed to restore the reduction in Trp metabolites involved in the serotonin pathway in colitis mice. However, live Akk, pasteurised Akk and Amuc_1100 increased kynurenine (Kyn) but decreased 2-picolinic acid (PIC) levels and the PIC/Kyn ratio without regulating any of the genes involved in Trp metabolism, suggesting that they could suppress the Kyn pathway (KP) independent of colon tissue. In addition, they could significantly restore the enrichment of Trp metabolism mediated by faecal microbiota. Specifically, live Akk, pasteurised Akk and Amuc_1100 could significantly offset the reduction in indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels. Pasteurised Akk significantly elevated the serum levels of indole acrylic acid (IA). In addition, live Akk, pasteurised Akk and Amuc_1100 could upregulate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) targeted genes, including CYP1A1, IL-10 and IL-22, suggesting that Akk could activate AhR signaling by regulating Trp metabolism, thereby attenuating colonic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Gu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Wenlong Pei
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Yonghua Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Shengxian Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Yu LM, Mao LQ, Wu CY, Ye W, Wang X. Chlorogenic acid improves intestinal barrier function by downregulating CD14 to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
58
|
Zheng S, Zhuang T, Tang Y, Wu R, Xu T, Leng T, Wang Y, Lin Z, Ji M. Leonurine protects against ulcerative colitis by alleviating inflammation and modulating intestinal microflora in mouse models. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1199. [PMID: 34584544 PMCID: PMC8422400 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of leonurine (YMJ) on inflammation and intestinal microflora in colonic tissues of a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model. Mice were randomly divided into control (n=5), DSS (n=5, treated with DSS) and DSS+YMJ (n=5, treated with DSS and YMJ) groups. Body weight was recorded, disease activity index (DAI) was calculated, and colon histopathology was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β levels were examined using ELISA. Expression levels of nuclear factor-κB (p65) and phosphorylated (p)-p65 were evaluated via western blotting. 16S ribosomal RNA was extracted from mouse feces. Composition or abundance changes of intestinal microflora were analyzed. The results indicated that YMJ treatment (DSS+YMJ group) significantly increased body weight, reduced DAI scores and increased colon length in UC mouse models compared with those in the DSS group (P<0.05). YMJ significantly reduced inflammatory infiltration, significantly decreased serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels (P<0.05) and significantly downregulated the p-p65/p65 ratio compared with the DSS group (P<0.05). YMJ increased the quantity of the intestinal flora and improved intestinal microflora diversity in the mice of the DSS group. Specifically, YMJ partly regulated intestinal microflora in feces, including a reduction of Bifidobacterium, and an increase in Parasutterella and Ackermania. In conclusion, YMJ improved disease outcomes of the UC mice, reduced the levels of serum inflammatory factors and increased the ratio of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suna Zheng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Tianchi Zhuang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Tang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Ruihan Wu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Tian Leng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Wu Z, Pan D, Jiang M, Sang L, Chang B. Selenium-Enriched Lactobacillus acidophilus Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis in Mice by Regulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Intestinal Microbiota. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:716816. [PMID: 34532332 PMCID: PMC8439139 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.716816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effect of Selenium-enriched Lactobacillus acidophilus (Se-enriched L. acidophilus) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a control + Se-enriched L. acidophilus group, a chronic colitis group, and a chronic colitis + Se-enriched L. acidophilus group (n = 10 each group). The mice were sacrificed on the 26th day. The disease activity index, survival rates, and histological injury score were determined. Cytokines produced by lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs), the selenium (Se) concentrations in serum and colon tissue and the mouse intestinal microbiota were evaluated. Results: Se-enriched L. acidophilus can improve histological injury and the disease activity index in mice with chronic colitis and reduce IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IL-23, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-21 (P < 0.05) and increase IL-10 (P < 0.05) expression levels. Moreover, Se-enriched L. acidophilus can increase the β diversity of intestinal microbiota in mice with chronic colitis, significantly reduce the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Romboutsia (P < 0.05), and significantly increase the relative abundance of Parasutterella (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Se-enriched L. acidophilus can improve DSS-induced chronic colitis by regulating inflammatory cytokines and intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixuan Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Yu H, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Shang X, Lu Y, Fu Y, Li Y. Effects of Fluorine on Intestinal Structural Integrity and Microbiota Composition of Common Carp. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3489-3496. [PMID: 33119815 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine is an environmental toxicant and exposure of fluorine could induce various health disorders. Gut microbiota has been known to be involved in maintaining animal or human health. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between fluorine exposure and gut microbiota in common carp. Gut microbiota composition was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Intestinal structural integrity was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and tight junction protection detection. The results showed that exposure of carp to fluorine led to the injury of intestinal tissues. And compared to the control group, the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin was decreased. Meanwhile, the gut microbial diversity and composition were changed by fluorine exposure. At the phylum level, the abundance of Fusobacteria and Firmicutes increased significantly, and the abundance of Actinobacteria decreased markedly after treatment of fluorine. At the genus level, interestingly, we found the abundance of Plesiomonas, an important pathogenic bacteria, increased significantly by the treatment of fluorine. And the abundance of Akkermansia, a critical probiotics, was markedly inhibited by the treatment of fluorine. In conclusion, the results suggested fluorine exposure changed the gut microbiome composition and led to the damage of intestinal structural integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Yu
- School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xinchi Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Chen F, Zhang H, Zhao N, Yang X, Du E, Huang S, Guo W, Zhang W, Wei J. Effect of chlorogenic acid on intestinal inflammation, antioxidant status, and microbial community of young hens challenged with acute heat stress. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13619. [PMID: 34409681 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress in poultry is deleterious to productive performance. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental CGA on the intestinal health and cecal microbiota composition of young hens challenged with acute heat stress. 100-day-old Hy-line brown pullets were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (C) and heat stress group (HS) received a basal diet. HS + CGA300 group and HS + CGA600 group received a basal diet supplemented with 300- and 600-mg/kg CGA, respectively, for 2 weeks before heat stress exposure. Pullets of HS, HS + CGA300 , and HS + CGA600 group were exposed to 38°C for 4 h while the control group was maintained at 25°C. In this study, dietary CGA supplementation had effect on mitigate the decreased T-AOC and T-SOD activities and the increasing of IL-1β and TNFα induced by acute heat stress. Dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg CGA had better effect on increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, such as Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae R-7_group, and deceasing bacteria genera involved in inflammation, such as Sutterella species. Therefore, CGA can ameliorate acute heat stress damage through suppressing inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuehai Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Encun Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanzheng Guo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Arrigoni R, Ballini A, Santacroce L, Cantore S, Inchingolo A, Inchingolo F, Di Domenico M, Quagliuolo L, Boccellino M. Another look at dietary polyphenols: challenges in cancer prevention and treatment. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1061-1082. [PMID: 34375181 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210810154732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a pathology that impacts in a profound manner people all over the world. The election strategy against cancer often uses chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which more often than not can present many side effects and not always reliable efficacy. By contrast, it is widely known that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables has a protective effect against cancer insurgence and development. Polyphenols are generally believed to be responsible for those beneficial actions, at least partially. In this review, we highlight the metabolic interaction between polyphenols and our metabolism and discuss their potential for anticancer prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Campus Universitario "Ernesto Quagliariello", University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Cantore
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Quagliuolo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Rodríguez-Daza MC, Pulido-Mateos EC, Lupien-Meilleur J, Guyonnet D, Desjardins Y, Roy D. Polyphenol-Mediated Gut Microbiota Modulation: Toward Prebiotics and Further. Front Nutr 2021; 8:689456. [PMID: 34268328 PMCID: PMC8276758 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.689456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome of gut microbes encodes a collection of enzymes whose metabolic functions contribute to the bioavailability and bioactivity of unabsorbed (poly)phenols. Datasets from high throughput sequencing, metabolome measurements, and other omics have expanded the understanding of the different modes of actions by which (poly)phenols modulate the microbiome conferring health benefits to the host. Progress have been made to identify direct prebiotic effects of (poly)phenols; albeit up to date, these compounds are not recognized as prebiotics sensu stricto. Interestingly, certain probiotics strains have an enzymatic repertoire, such as tannase, α-L-rhamnosidase, and phenolic acid reductase, involved in the transformation of different (poly)phenols into bioactive phenolic metabolites. In vivo studies have demonstrated that these (poly)phenol-transforming bacteria thrive when provided with phenolic substrates. However, other taxonomically distinct gut symbionts of which a phenolic-metabolizing activity has not been demonstrated are still significantly promoted by (poly)phenols. This is the case of Akkermansia muciniphila, a so-called antiobesity bacterium, which responds positively to (poly)phenols and may be partially responsible for the health benefits formerly attributed to these molecules. We surmise that (poly)phenols broad antimicrobial action free ecological niches occupied by competing bacteria, thereby allowing the bloom of beneficial gut bacteria. This review explores the capacity of (poly)phenols to promote beneficial gut bacteria through their direct and collaborative bacterial utilization and their inhibitory action on potential pathogenic species. We propose the term duplibiotic, to describe an unabsorbed substrate modulating the gut microbiota by both antimicrobial and prebiotic modes of action. (Poly)phenol duplibiotic effect could participate in blunting metabolic disturbance and gut dysbiosis, positioning these compounds as dietary strategies with therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Rodríguez-Daza
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Elena C Pulido-Mateos
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Lupien-Meilleur
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Guyonnet
- Diana Nova, Symrise Nutrition, Clichy-la-Garenne, France
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Yu Y, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhao L, Wang Y. Identification of anti-inflammatory compounds from Zhongjing formulae by knowledge mining and high-content screening in a zebrafish model of inflammatory bowel diseases. Chin Med 2021; 16:42. [PMID: 34059101 PMCID: PMC8166029 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing intestinal inflammations with increasing global incidence, and new drug development remains in urgent demand for IBD management. To identify effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulae and compounds in IBD treatment, we innovatively combined the techniques of knowledge mining, high-content screening and high-resolution mass spectrometry, to conduct a systematic screening in Zhongjing formulae, which is a large collection of TCM prescriptions with most abundant clinical evidences. METHODS Using Word2vec-based text learning, the correlations between 248 Zhongjing formulae and IBD typical symptoms were analyzed. Next, from the top three formulae with predicted relationship with IBD, TCM fractions were prepared and screened on a transgenic zebrafish IBD model for their therapeutic effects. Subsequently, the chemical compositions of the fraction hits were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and the major compounds were further studied for their anti-IBD effects and potential mechanisms. RESULTS Through knowledge mining, Peach Blossom Decoction, Pulsatilla Decoction, and Gegen Qinlian Decoction were predicted to be the three Zhongjing formulae mostly related to symptoms typical of IBD. Seventy-four fractions were prepared from the three formulae and screened in TNBS-induced zebrafish IBD model by high-content analysis, with the inhibition on the intestinal neutrophil accumulation and ROS level quantified as the screening criteria. Six herbal fractions showed significant effects on both pathological processes, which were subsequently analyzed by mass spectrometry to determine their chemical composition. Based on the major compounds identified by mass spectrometry, a second-round screen was conducted and six compounds (palmatine, daidzin, oroxyloside, chlorogenic acid, baicalin, aesculin) showed strong inhibitory effects on the intestinal inflammation phenotypes. The expression of multiple inflammatory factors, including il1β, clcx8a, mmp and tnfα, were increased in TNBS-treated fish, which were variously inhibited by the compounds, with aesculin showing the most potent effects. Moreover, aesculin and daidzin also upregulated e-cadherin's expression. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrated the regulatory effects of several TCM formulae and their active compounds in the treatment of IBD, through a highly efficient research strategy, which can be applied in the discovery of effective TCM formulae and components in other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunru Yu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Evolving Interplay Between Dietary Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota-An Emerging Importance in Healthcare. Front Nutr 2021; 8:634944. [PMID: 34109202 PMCID: PMC8180580 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.634944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural plant compounds and are the most abundant antioxidants in the human diet. As the gastrointestinal tract is the primary organ provided to diet sections, the diet may be regarded as one of the essential factors in the functionality, integrity, and composition of intestinal microbiota. In the gastrointestinal tract, many polyphenols remain unabsorbed and may accumulate in the large intestine, where the intestinal microbiota are most widely metabolized. When assuming primary roles for promoting host well-being, this intestinal health environment is presented to the effect of external influences, including dietary patterns. A few different methodologies have been developed to increase solvency and transport across the gastrointestinal tract and move it to targeted intestinal regions to resolve dietary polyphenols at the low bioavailability. Polyphenols form a fascinating community among the different nutritional substances, as some of them have been found to have critical biological activities that include antioxidant, antimicrobial, or anticarcinogenic activities. Besides, it affects metabolism and immunity of the intestines and has anti-inflammatory properties. The well-being status of subjects can also benefit from the development of bioactive polyphenol-determined metabolites, although the mechanisms have not been identified. Even though the incredible variety of health-advancing activities of dietary polyphenols has been widely studied, their effect on intestinal biology adaptation, and two-way relationship between polyphenols and microbiota is still poorly understood. We focused on results of polyphenols in diet with biological activities, gut ecology, and the influence of their proportional links on human well-being and disease in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Zhao H, He M, Zhang M, Sun Q, Zeng S, Chen L, Yang H, Liu M, Ren S, Meng X, Xu H. Colorectal Cancer, Gut Microbiota and Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Systematic Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:805-828. [PMID: 33827382 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on the study and research on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, the types and functions of gut microbiota, and its role in guiding and regulating the occurrence and development of diseases, we have explored the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of colorectal cancer by regulating the gut microbiota. Genetic variation, abnormal responses of innate and adaptive immunity, mucosal barrier dysfunction, imbalance of intestinal microbial colonization, personal and environmental risk factors are the main pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The gut microbiota mainly includes Sclerotium (including Clostridium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus) and Bacteroides (including Bacteroides and Prevotella), which have biological antagonism, nutrition for the organism, metabolic abilities, immune stimulation, and ability to shape cancer genes functions to body. The gut microbiota can be related to the health of the host. Current studies have shown that Chinese herbal compound, single medicinal materials, and monomer components can treat colorectal cancer by regulating the gut microbiota, such as Xiaoyaosan can increase the abundance of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Proteus and decrease the abundance of Desulfovibrio and Rickerella. Therefore, studying the regulation and mechanism of gut microbiota on colorectal cancer is of great benefit to disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Man He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Long J, Guan P, Hu X, Yang L, He L, Lin Q, Luo F, Li J, He X, Du Z, Li T. Natural Polyphenols as Targeted Modulators in Colon Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Applications. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635484. [PMID: 33664749 PMCID: PMC7921316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer commonly develops from long-term chronic inflammation in the intestine and seriously threatens human health. Natural polyphenols have been valued as a crucial regulator of nutrient metabolism and metabolic diseases, owing to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions and the ability to maintain a balance between gut microbes and their hosts. Notably, experimental and clinical evidence has shown that natural polyphenols could act as a targeted modulator to play a key role in the prevention or treatment of colon cancer. Thus, in this review, we summarized recent advances in the possible regulatory mechanism and the potential application of natural polyphenols in colon cancer, which might be regarded as a novel platform for the colon cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Long
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyuan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuqin He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingguo He
- Changsha Green Leaf Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Zhiliang Du
- Cloud Computing Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Miao Z, Chen L, Feng H, Gu M, Yan J, Xu Y, Ye B. Baitouweng Decoction Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis in Mice Partially Attributed to Regulating Th17/Treg Balance and Restoring Intestinal Epithelial Barrier. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:531117. [PMID: 33597862 PMCID: PMC7883596 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.531117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal disease with unclear pathogenesis. With an increasing global prevalence over the past two decades, UC poses a serious threat to public health. Baitouweng decoction (BTW), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to have good clinical efficacy for treating intestinal inflammation. Yet, the efficacy of BTW in UC and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. The current study aimed to determine whether BTW suppressed intestinal inflammation in mice and the potential mechanism. We used a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model to test the anti-inflammatory efficacy of BTW. Clinical symptoms were scored by the disease activity index (DAI), and the colon length and pathological changes in colon tissue were also used to further evaluate the efficacy of BTW. Precisely how BTW affected immune function and the intestinal barrier of UC mice was also examined. BTW significantly reduced DAI score and colonic pathological damage. BTW regulated the balance between T helper (Th)17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells, decreased interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and increased IL-10 levels. BTW reduced intestinal permeability of UC mice, increased expression of tight junction proteins (occludin and zonula occludens-1), and decreased expression of phospho-nuclear factor (p-NF)-κB and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) in the colon. BTW inhibited the ERK/p-NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressed expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells. BTW significantly promoted the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids in the gut, particularly acetate, propionate, isobutyric acid, and isovalerate. The results suggest that BTW can protect against DSS-induced UC. The mechanism may be partially attributed to regulating the balance of Th17/Treg cells and restoring the intestinal epithelial barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Internal Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingjia Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Yan
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bai Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Ghattamaneni NKR, Brown L. Functional foods from the tropics to relieve chronic normobaric hypoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 286:103599. [PMID: 33333240 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are regarded as a complementary therapy to improve chronic diseases such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state leading to organ damage with increased risk of common diseases including cardiovascular and metabolic disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis and some cancers. IBD is a chronic intestinal inflammation categorised as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis depending on the location of inflammation. These inflammatory states are characterised by normobaric hypoxia in adipose and intestinal tissues, respectively. Tropical foods especially from Australia and South America are discussed in this review to show their potential in attenuation of these chronic diseases. The phytochemicals from these foods have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities to reduce chronic normobaric hypoxia in the tissues. These health benefits of the tropical foods are relevant not only for health economy but also in providing a global solution by improving the sustainability of their cultivation and assisting the local economies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naga K R Ghattamaneni
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Changes in serum inflammatory cytokine levels and intestinal flora in a self-healing dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis murine model. Life Sci 2020; 263:118587. [PMID: 33065145 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Whether dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) animal models undergo self-healing remains unclear. Therefore, the study aim was to determine if these models have self-healing ability. MAIN METHODS UC was induced using 4% DSS in male KM mice. Histopathological and inflammatory cytokine were evaluated. Fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. KEY FINDINGS Physiological and inflammatory cytokine changed obviously on days 4-14 of establishment and returned to normal levels by day 21. The degrees of inflammation and injury in pathological sections decreased within 14 days compared with those on day 7. Interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels fluctuated daily and were highest at 10 AM, 11 AM, and 8 PM, respectively. Intestinal flora disturbance was most obvious on days 7 and 14. The abundances of Lactobacillus and Alistipes decreased, whereas those of Streptococcus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Oscillibacter increased and mostly recovered by day 21. Lactobacillus and serum CRP level were negatively correlated with inflammation, whereas Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella were positively correlated with serum IL-6 level. SIGNIFICANCE The DSS-induced UC murine model was shown to undergo self-healing. Intestinal flora disturbance in the model were obvious from days 4 to 14 and had mostly recovered by day 21.
Collapse
|
71
|
Tan S, Yan F, Li Q, Liang Y, Yu J, Li Z, He F, Li R, Li M. Chlorogenic Acid Promotes Autophagy and Alleviates Salmonella Typhimurium Infection Through the lncRNAGAS5/miR-23a/PTEN Axis and the p38 MAPK Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:552020. [PMID: 33240872 PMCID: PMC7682651 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.552020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella typhimurium (ST) causes several intestinal diseases. Polyphenols including chlorogenic acid (CGA) inhibit pathogenesis. Objective This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of CGA in ST infection. Methods The intestinal pathological changes and survival rate of ST-infected mice were measured to verify the protection of CGA on ST infection. The antibacterial effects of CGA in vitro on the invasion to intestinal epithelial cells and autophagy was evaluated. The relationships among GAS5, miR-23a, and PTEN were verified. Expression of inflammation- and autophagy-related proteins was detected. Results CGA treatment alleviated pathological damage, improved the secretion disturbance of intestinal cytokines caused by ST infection, and reduced the mortality of mice. Intestinal GAS5 was upregulated after CGA treatment. LncRNA GAS5 competitively bound to miR-23a to upregulate PTEN and inhibit the p38 MAPK pathway. CGA regulated the p38 MAPK pathway through lncRNA GAS5/miR-23a/PTEN axis to promote autophagy in ST infection. The functional rescue experiments of miR-23a and PTEN further identified these effects. Conclusion CGA promotes autophagy and inhibits ST infection through the GAS5/miR-23a/PTEN axis and the p38 MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Tan
- Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qingrong Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaping Liang
- Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Junxu Yu
- Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Pneumology Department, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feifei He
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rongpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province and School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Center of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Polyphenol Extract of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Alleviates Colonic Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Treated Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6295402. [PMID: 33299453 PMCID: PMC7710425 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6295402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. is an essential herb used for the treatment of inflammation, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases. In this study, phenolic extracts of M. oleifera leaves were obtained and analyzed. The results showed that the main identifiable phenols were astragalin, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, kaempferitrin, luteolin, quercetin, and rutin. The effects of M. oleifera polyphenol extract (MOPE) on experimental colitis induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were investigated. The results showed that oral administration of MOPE significantly alleviated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. MOPE significantly reduced weight loss, the disease activity index, colon shortening, and mucosal damage. In addition, MOPE attenuated the infiltration of CD3+ T cells, CD177+ neutrophils, and F4/80+ macrophages and significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α. After the MOPE administration, the expression of proteins associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway changed. Specifically, compared with that of the DSS group, the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and p-IκBα was downregulated, and the expression of IκBα was upregulated. This study revealed the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of MOPE in the colon, indicating its potential use in preventing inflammation-driven diseases.
Collapse
|
73
|
Liu F, Wang X, Li D, Cui Y, Li X. Apple polyphenols extract alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 male mice by restoring bile acid metabolism disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1468-1485. [PMID: 33215776 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate and compare the preventive effects of apple polyphenols extract (APE) with phloretin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC), 60 male mice were treated with 125 or 500 mg/(kg bw d) APE or 100 mg/(kg bw d) phloretin, the single-ingredient of APE, for continuous 3 weeks by intragastric administration, meanwhile, mice were provided with 3% DSS dissolved in drinking water to induce UC during the third week. Both APE and phloretin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced UC by inhibiting body weight loss, preventing colon shortening and mucosa damage. Except the same mechanisms of the inhibited activation of NF-κB signaling, decreased hyodeoxycholic acid level and increased abundance of Verrucomicrobia at phylum and Bacteroides and Akkermansia at genus, APE increased β-muricholic acid level and decreased Bacterodetes abundance, while phloretin decreased Firmicutes abundance. Furthermore, APE treatment showed much lower disease activity index score, less body weight loss and lighter spleen than phloretin. Thus, our study supported the potentiality of APE as a promising dietary intervention for the prevention of experimental UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinjing Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Gu Z, Duan M, Sun Y, Leng T, Xu T, Gu Y, Gu Z, Lin Z, Yang L, Ji M. Effects of Vitamin D3 on Intestinal Flora in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Rifaximin. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925068. [PMID: 33177483 PMCID: PMC7670830 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifaximin is an antimicrobial agent used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Vitamin D3 can control IBD due to its effects on inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of vitamin D3 on the intestinal flora of a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model treated with rifaximin. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mouse model of IBD was developed using DSS (4%) administered via the drinking water. Twenty-four male C57BL6 mice were divided into the control group with a normal diet (N=6), the DSS group with a normal diet (N=6), the DSS group with a normal diet treated with rifaximin (N=6), and the DSS group with a normal diet treated with rifaximin and vitamin D3 (N=6). After 14 days, the colonic tissue was studied histologically. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure the level of IL-6 and P65, and phospho-p65 was measured by western blot. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze fecal samples. RESULTS In the DSS mouse model of IBD, rifaximin reduced the inflammation severity of the colon and reduced the expression of phospho-p65, p65, TNF-alpha, and IL-6. In the DSS+rifaximin+vitamin D3 group, the therapeutic influences of rifaximin, in terms of weight loss and colonic disease activity, were significantly reduced, and the gut microbiota of the mice were completely changed in composition and diversity. CONCLUSIONS In a mouse model of IBD, treatment with vitamin D3 significantly increased the metabolism of rifaximin and reduced its therapeutic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Gu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Mingxiu Duan
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Tian Leng
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Gu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zejuan Gu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zheng Lin
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Zhu J, Tang L, Qiao S, Wang L, Feng Y, Wang L, Wu Q, Ding P, Zhang Z, Li L. Low-dose methylmercury exposure impairs the locomotor activity of zebrafish: Role of intestinal inositol metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:110020. [PMID: 32777273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant with neurotoxic effects. Although its neurotoxicity had been more studied, the role of gut microbiota remains unclear. In this study, adult zebrafish and larvae were exposed to MeHgCl at the dose of 0, 1 and 10 ng/mL. MeHgCl exposure impaired the locomotor activity via upregulation of apoptosis and autophagy related genes in the brain. Intestinal and cerebral metabolome indicated that phosphatidylinositol signaling system and inositol phosphate metabolism pathways were significantly impacted in adult zebrafish upon MeHgCl exposure. The levels of myo-inositol (MI) in the intestine and brain were decreased and positively correlated. 16 S rRNA sequencing data from adult zebrafish showed that MeHgCl exposure also shifted the structure of gut microbiota and reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, which were further identified at genus level as Aeromonas and Cetobacterium. Further functional analysis indicated that MeHgCl disrupted inositol phosphate metabolism of gut microbiota. Notably, MI supplementation restored the impairment of locomotor activity and inhibited the upregulation of apoptosis and autophagy related genes, such as bcl-2 and atg5. Thus, this study not only revealed the key role of gut microbiota in MeHgCl-mediated neurotoxicity but also gave new insights into antagonizing its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Lei Tang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Shanlei Qiao
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Yiming Feng
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Qian Wu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China
| | - Ping Ding
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China; Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China.
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China; Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Wang L, Tang L, Feng Y, Zhao S, Han M, Zhang C, Yuan G, Zhu J, Cao S, Wu Q, Li L, Zhang Z. A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurised bacterium blunts colitis associated tumourigenesis by modulation of CD8 + T cells in mice. Gut 2020; 69:1988-1997. [PMID: 32169907 PMCID: PMC7569398 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gut microbiota have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that is selectively decreased in the faecal microbiota of patients with IBD, but its causative role and molecular mechanism in blunting colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) remain inconclusive. This study investigates how A. muciniphila engages the immune response in CAC. DESIGN Mice were given dextran sulfate sodium to induce colitis, followed by azoxymethane to establish CAC with or without pasteurised A. muciniphila or a specific outer membrane protein (Amuc_1100) treatment. Faeces from mice and patients with IBD or CRC were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. The effects of A. muciniphila or Amuc_1100 on the immune response in acute colitis and CAC were investigated. RESULTS A. muciniphila was significantly reduced in patients with IBD and mice with colitis or CAC. A. muciniphila or Amuc_1100 could improve colitis, with a reduction in infiltrating macrophages and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in the colon. Their treatment also decreased CD16/32+ macrophages in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of colitis mice. Amuc_1100 elevated PD-1+ CTLs in the spleen. Moreover, A. muciniphila and Amuc_1100 blunted tumourigenesis by expanding CTLs in the colon and MLN. Remarkably, they activated CTLs in the MLN, as indicated by TNF-α induction and PD-1downregulation. Amuc_1100 could stimulate and activate CTLs from splenocytes in CT26 cell conditioned medium. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that pasteurised A. muciniphila or Amuc_1100 can blunt colitis and CAC through the modulation of CTLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Feng
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suying Zhao
- Department of laboratory medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of laboratory medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province People's Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gehui Yuan
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyuan Cao
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Wu Y, Li Y, Ruan Z, Li J, Zhang L, Lu H, Xu Z. Puerarin Rebuilding the Mucus Layer and Regulating Mucin-Utilizing Bacteria to Relieve Ulcerative Colitis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11402-11411. [PMID: 32864960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The colonic mucus barrier serves as a primary defense against enteric pathogens; destruction of this mucus layer has been observed in ulcerative colitis patients. This study aims to investigate the possibility of rebuilding the colon mucus layer through puerarin supplementation, which can stimulate mucin secretion and goblet cells differentiation. After puerarin supplementation, the thickness of colon mucus layer was increased and the permeability was reduced. The erosion of intestinal epithelium by bacteria was blocked, and the loss of epithelial integrity was alleviated. Puerarin also altered the composition of mucin-utilizing bacteria, which influenced the mucus permeability. Levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were increased after puerarin supplementation, which as a direct source of energy for the proliferation of epithelia and goblet cells. This study demonstrated that enhancement of mucin secretion to relieve ulcerative colitis (UC) by puerarin supplementation is feasible, and the regulation of mucin-utilizing bacteria and the increased levels of SCFAs may be the main reasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yafei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- University Campus Hospital and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhenjiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Nutrition and Processing, Institute of Nutrition, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Hou D, Zhao Q, Yousaf L, Xue Y, Shen Q. Beneficial effects of mung bean seed coat on the prevention of high-fat diet-induced obesity and the modulation of gut microbiota in mice. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:2029-2045. [PMID: 33005980 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our recent study has reported that whole mung bean showed better beneficial effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and gut microbiota disorders when compared with the decorticated mung bean at the same intervention dose level, suggesting that the mung bean seed coat (MBC) may play a crucial role in its health benefits. This study aims to investigate whether MBC has beneficial benefits on the prevention of HFD-induced obesity and the modulation of gut microbiota in mice when it was supplemented in HFD. METHODS Herein, male C57BL/6 J mice were fed with normal control diet, HFD, and HFD supplemented with MBC (3-6%, w/w) for 12 weeks. The changes in physiological, histological, biochemical parameters, serum endotoxin, proinflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition of mice were determined to assess the ability of MBC to alleviate HFD-induced obesity and modulate gut microbiota disorders in mice. RESULTS MBC supplementation exhibited significant reductions in the HFD-induced adiposity, fat accumulation, serum lipid levels, lipopolysaccharide, and proinflammatory cytokines concentrations (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by improvements in hepatic steatosis and adipocyte size. Especially, the elevated fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance were also significantly improved by MBC supplementation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that MBC could normalize HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. MBC not only could promote the bloom of Akkermansia, but also restore several HFD-dependent taxa (Blautia, Ruminiclostridium_9, Bilophila, and unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae) back to normal status, co-occurring with the decreases in obesity-related indices. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that MBC may be mainly responsible for the beneficial effects of whole mung bean on preventing the HFD-induced changes, thus enlarging the application value of MBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianzhi Hou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Laraib Yousaf
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17, Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China. .,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Al Othaim A, Marasini D, Carbonero F. Impact of increasing concentration of tart and sweet cherries juices concentrates on healthy mice gut microbiota. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Al Othaim
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas
- Department of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences Majmaah University Al‐Majmaah Saudi Arabia
| | - Daya Marasini
- Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas
- Weems Design Studio Inc. Suwanee Georgia
| | - Franck Carbonero
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas
- Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology Elson Floyd School of Medicine Washington State University–Spokane Spokane Washington
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Zhao Y, Jiang Q. Roles of the Polyphenol-Gut Microbiota Interaction in Alleviating Colitis and Preventing Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:546-565. [PMID: 32905583 PMCID: PMC8009754 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota can promote or inhibit colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Promotion of beneficial gut bacteria is considered a promising strategy to alleviate colonic diseases including colitis and colorectal cancer. Interestingly, dietary polyphenols, which have been shown to attenuate colitis and inhibit colorectal cancer in animal models and some human studies, appear to reach relatively high concentrations in the large intestine and to interact with the gut microbial community. This review summarizes the modulatory effects of polyphenols on the gut microbiota in humans and animals under healthy and diseased conditions including colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Existing human and animal studies indicate that polyphenols and polyphenol-rich whole foods are capable of elevating butyrate producers and probiotics that alleviate colitis and inhibit CAC, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Studies in colitis and CAC models indicate that polyphenols decrease opportunistic pathogenic or proinflammatory microbes and counteract disease-induced dysbiosis. Consistently, polyphenols also change microbial functions, including increasing butyrate formation. Moreover, polyphenol metabolites produced by the gut microbiota appear to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, protect gut barrier integrity, and mitigate inflammatory conditions in cells and animal models. Based on these results, we conclude that polyphenol-mediated alteration of microbial composition and functions, together with polyphenol metabolites produced by the gut microbiota, likely contribute to the protective effects of polyphenols on colitis and CAC. Future research is needed to validate the causal role of the polyphenol-gut microbiota interaction in polyphenols' anti-colitis and anti-CAC effects, and to further elucidate mechanisms underlying such interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhao
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Sun J, Ding X, Liu S, Duan X, Liang H, Sun T. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate acute lung injury and improve the gut microbiota in septic rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:384. [PMID: 32894198 PMCID: PMC7487801 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We hypothesized that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) may ameliorate sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and change microorganism populations in the gut microbiota, such as that of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Methods A total of 60 male adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were separated into three groups: the sham control (SC) group, the sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group, and the ADMSC treatment (CLP-ADMSCs) group, in which rats underwent the CLP procedure and then received 1 × 106 ADMSCs. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after the SC or CLP procedures. To study the role of ADMSCs during ALI caused by sepsis and examine the impact of ADMSCs on the gut microbiome composition, rat lungs were histologically evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and fecal samples were collected and analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing. Results The serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, were significantly increased in rats after the CLP procedure, but were significantly decreased in rats treated with ADMSCs. Histological evaluation of the rat lungs yielded results consistent with the changes in IL-6 levels among all groups. Treatment with ADMSCs significantly increased the diversity of the gut microbiota in rats with sepsis. The principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) results showed that there was a significant difference between the gut microbiota of the CLP-ADMSCs group and that of the CLP group. In rats with sepsis, the proportion of Escherichia–Shigella (P = 0.01) related to lipopolysaccharide production increased, and the proportion of Akkermansia (P = 0.02) related to the regulation of intestinal mucosal thickness and the maintenance of intestinal barrier function decreased. These changes in the gut microbiota break the energy balance, aggravate inflammatory reactions, reduce intestinal barrier functions, and promote the translocation of intestinal bacteria. Intervention with ADMSCs increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria, reduced the proportion of harmful bacteria, and normalized the gut microbiota. Conclusions Therapeutically administered ADMSCs ameliorate CLP-induced ALI and improves gut microbiota, which provides a potential therapeutic mechanism for ADMSCs in the treatment of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Sun
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xianfei Ding
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huoyan Liang
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine Platform, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tongwen Sun
- General Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Sepsis, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Arya VS, Kanthlal SK, Linda G. The role of dietary polyphenols in inflammatory bowel disease: A possible clue on the molecular mechanisms involved in the prevention of immune and inflammatory reactions. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13369. [PMID: 32885438 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the major complications of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by chronic inflammation, which disturbs the quality of life of the affected individuals. Genetic predisposition, immune, inflammatory, and enzyme-mediated signaling cascades are the primary mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Currently, the treatment strategy involves the maintenance of remission and induction of inflammation by anti-inflammatory agents and immune suppressants. Polyphenol-containing diets, including fruits and vegetables of regular use, possess anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant potential through the inhibition of major contributing pathways to IBD. This review discusses the role of these dietary polyphenols in downregulating the major signaling cascades in IBD. Our review encourages the development of nutritional strategies to improve the efficiency of current therapies for IBD and reduce the risks of side effects associated with conventional therapy. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: At present, almost every third person in society is under stress and having chronic disorders like diabetes, arthritis, allergy, cardiovascular disease, IBD, etc. This insists on the direct/indirect role of changes in the lifestyle for such deterioration in society. This review would emphasize the medicinal value of polyphenols present in fruits and vegetables for chronic inflammatory disorders. This concept portrays the food components which have the potential to promote health, improve general well-being, and reduce the risk of IBD. We propose to add fruits with bioactive polyphenols in the regular diet to help in preventing the immune-mediated intestinal chronic inflammatory syndrome and reduce the risks of colorectal cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V S Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S K Kanthlal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Geevarghese Linda
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
A critical review on the relationship of herbal medicine, Akkermansia muciniphila, and human health. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
84
|
Catalkaya G, Venema K, Lucini L, Rocchetti G, Delmas D, Daglia M, De Filippis A, Xiao H, Quiles JL, Xiao J, Capanoglu E. Interaction of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota: Microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Catalkaya
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation Faculty of Science and Engineering Maastricht University ‐ Campus Venlo Venlo The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Piacenza Italy
| | - Dominique Delmas
- INSERM Research Center U1231 Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Centre anticancéreux Georges François Leclerc Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon 21000 France
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
| | - José L. Quiles
- Department of Physiology Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘‘José Mataix” Biomedical Research Centre University of Granada Granada Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Yan Y, Zhou X, Guo K, Zhou F, Yang H. Chlorogenic Acid Protects Against Indomethacin-Induced Inflammation and Mucosa Damage by Decreasing Bacteroides-Derived LPS. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1125. [PMID: 32582202 PMCID: PMC7283755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural bioactive polyphenol, exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects that support the maintenance of intestinal health. However, the influence of CGA on gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as its potential effects and mechanism of action in inflammatory bowel disease, remain to be elucidated. Methods: First, an oral gavage was used to administer CGA to indomethacin-treated mice. Then, fecal microbiota transplantation was performed to explore the role of intestinal microbiota in indomethacin-induced inflammation. Results: CGA treatment protected against body weight loss, damage to intestinal morphology and integrity, inflammation, and alteration of microbiota composition in indomethacin-treated mice. Interestingly, CGA failed to inhibit inflammation or protect intestine integrity in mice treated with antibiotics. Notably, mice who had been colonized with intestinal microbiota from CGA-treated or CGA-and-indomethacin-treated mice, through the fecal microbiota transplantation program, were protected from indomethacin-induced inflammation, growth of Bacteroides, and the accumulation of Bacteroides-derived LPS, in congruence with those who had been treated with CGA. Conclusion: The results suggest that CGA may protect intestine integrity and alleviate inflammatory responses, primarily by inhibiting the growth of Bacteroides and the accumulation of Bacteroides-derived LPS, in indomethacin-induced colitis. This newly identified mechanism broadens our knowledge of how CGA exerts protective effects on intestinal inflammation and provides strategies for the prevention of gastrointestinal mucosal damage in patients treated with indomethacin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongwang Yan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Pharmaceutical College, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kangxiao Guo
- Pharmaceutical College, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Pharmaceutical College, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Hongqi Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Wang MX, Lin L, Chen YD, Zhong YP, Lin YX, Li P, Tian X, Han B, Xie ZY, Liao QF. Evodiamine has therapeutic efficacy in ulcerative colitis by increasing Lactobacillus acidophilus levels and acetate production. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104978. [PMID: 32485282 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates gut microbiota have an important role in ulcerative colitis (UC). Previous study indicated that Evodiamine (EVO) can alleviate colitis through downregulating inflammatory pathways. However, specific relationship between EVO-treated colitis relief and regulation of gut microbiota is still unclear. Here, our goal was to determine the potential role of gut microbiota in the relief of UC by EVO. By using pathology-related indicators, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics profiling, we assessed the pharmacological effect of EVO on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis rats as well as on the change of gut microbiota and metabolism. Fecal derived from EVO-treated rats was transplanted into colitis rats to verify the effect of EVO on gut microbiota, and 'driver bacteria' was found and validated by 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenome and qRT-PCR. The effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) was investigated by vivo experiment, microbiota analysis, Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) quantification and colon transcriptomics. EVO reduced the susceptibility to DSS-induced destruction of epithelial integrity and severe inflammatory response, and regulated the gut microbiota and metabolites. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) alleviated DSS-induced colitis, increased the abundance of L. acidophilus and the level of acetate. Furthermore, gavaged with L. acidophilus reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, promoted the increase of goblet cells and the secretion of antimicrobial peptides, regulated the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increased the level of acetate. Our results indicated that EVO mitigation of DSS-induced colitis is associated with increased in L. acidophilus and protective acetate production, which may be a promising strategy for treating UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Da Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Feng Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Co-Culture with Bifidobacterium catenulatum Improves the Growth, Gut Colonization, and Butyrate Production of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050788. [PMID: 32466189 PMCID: PMC7285360 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a major commensal bacterium in the human gut. It produces short-chain fatty acids that promote intestinal health. However, the bacterium is extremely oxygen-sensitive, making it difficult to develop as a probiotic. To facilitate practical application of F. prausnitzii, we investigated factors that affect its growth and mammalian gut colonization. We evaluated cross-feeding interactions between F. prausnitzii and seven Bifidobacterium strains, and the anti-inflammatory properties of bacterial metabolites produced in co-culture, in vitro and in vivo. Co-culture of F. prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium catenulatum, with fructooligosaccharides as an energy source, resulted in the greatest viable cell-count and butyrate production increases. Further, the co-culture supernatant reduced the amount of proinflammatory cytokines produced by HT-29 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages, an effect that was similar to that of butyrate. Furthermore, feeding mice both Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium enhanced F. prausnitzii gut colonization. Finally, feeding the co-culture supernatant decreased interleukin 8 levels in the colon and increased butyrate levels in the cecum in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mouse model. These observations indicate that the Faecalibacterium-Bifidobacterium co-culture exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by promoting F. prausnitzii survival and short-chain fatty acid production, with possible implications for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
|
88
|
Liu J, He Z, Ma N, Chen ZY. Beneficial Effects of Dietary Polyphenols on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Linking with Modulation of Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:33-47. [PMID: 31829012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is caused by an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. It is characterized by a higher accumulation of body fat with a chronic low-grade inflammation. Many reports have shown that gut microbiota in the host plays a pivotal role in mediating the interaction between consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) and onset of obesity. Accumulative evidence has suggested that the changes in the composition of gut microbiota may affect the host's energy homeostasis, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. As one of the major components in human diet, polyphenols have demonstrated to be capable of modulating the composition of gut microbiota and reducing the HFD-induced obesity. The present review summarizes the findings of recent studies on dietary polyphenols regarding their metabolism and interaction with bacteria in the intestine as well as the underlying mechanisms by which they modulate the gut microbiota and alleviate the HFD-induced obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Nanjing University of Finance & Economics , Nanjing , China
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin NT , Hong Kong , China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Bao N, Chen F, Dai D. The Regulation of Host Intestinal Microbiota by Polyphenols in the Development and Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2981. [PMID: 31969882 PMCID: PMC6960133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are essential antioxidants in our regular diet, and have shown potential antibacterial effects. Other important biological effects, such as anticancer or antibacterial activities, have been demonstrated by some polyphenols. In recent years, the benefits of polyphenols to human health have attracted increasing attention from the scientific community. Recent studies have shown that polyphenols such as anthocyanin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and resveratrol can inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella to help regulate intestinal microflora. An imbalance of intestinal microflora and the destruction of intestinal barrier function have been found to have a potential relationship with the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Specifically, they can aberrantly trigger the immune system to cause inflammation, increase the production of uremic toxins, and further worsen the condition of CKD. Therefore, the maintenance of intestinal microflora and the intestinal tract in a stable and healthy state may be able to "immunize" patients against CKD, and treat pre-existing disease. The use of common antibiotics may lead to drug resistance in pathogens, and thus beneficial polyphenols may be suitable natural substitutes for antibiotics. Herein we review the ability of different polyphenols, such as anthocyanin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and resveratrol, to regulate intestinal microorganisms, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and improve inflammation. In addition, we review the ability of different polyphenols to reduce kidney injury, as described in recent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naren Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangjie Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lee Y, Sugihara K, Gillilland MG, Jon S, Kamada N, Moon JJ. Hyaluronic acid-bilirubin nanomedicine for targeted modulation of dysregulated intestinal barrier, microbiome and immune responses in colitis. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:118-126. [PMID: 31427744 PMCID: PMC6923573 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
While conventional approaches for inflammatory bowel diseases mainly focus on suppressing hyperactive immune responses, it remains unclear how to address disrupted intestinal barriers, dysbiosis of the gut commensal microbiota and dysregulated mucosal immune responses in inflammatory bowel diseases. Moreover, immunosuppressive agents can cause off-target systemic side effects and complications. Here, we report the development of hyaluronic acid-bilirubin nanomedicine (HABN) that accumulates in inflamed colonic epithelium and restores the epithelium barriers in a murine model of acute colitis. Surprisingly, HABN also modulates the gut microbiota, increasing the overall richness and diversity and markedly augmenting the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Clostridium XIVα, which are microorganisms with crucial roles in gut homeostasis. Importantly, HABN associated with pro-inflammatory macrophages, regulated innate immune responses and exerted potent therapeutic efficacy against colitis. Our work sheds light on the impact of nanotherapeutics on gut homeostasis, microbiome and innate immune responses for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kohei Sugihara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Merritt G Gillilland
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sangyong Jon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Song J, Zhou N, Ma W, Gu X, Chen B, Zeng Y, Yang L, Zhou M. Modulation of gut microbiota by chlorogenic acid pretreatment on rats with adrenocorticotropic hormone induced depression-like behavior. Food Funct 2019; 10:2947-2957. [PMID: 31073553 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated as a vital element in the development or exacerbation of mental disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Based on the current interest in the gut-brain axis, we investigate the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on gut microbiota in a rat model of MDD. Depression was induced by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, 100 μg per rat) in male Wistar rats, which were intervened with using saline or CGA (500 mg kg-1). Behavioral changes and serum parameters were assessed and fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our studies demonstrated that CGA pretreatment ameliorated depression-like behavior (SPT, FST, TST, and OFT) and serum biochemical levels (5-HT, DA, IL-6, and TNF-α) in ACTH-induced depression rats. In addition, CGA ameliorated the decrease in fecal microbiota diversity in ACTH-treated rats. In particular, at the genus level, the changes in the relative abundance of some key bacteria such as Desulfovibrionales, Desulfovibrio, Klebsiella, Burkholderiales, and Bifidobacterium were modulated by CGA pretreatment. These results indicated that CGA could modify the gut microbial community structure, which may contribute to its antidepressant effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Phloretin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104489. [PMID: 31689519 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phloretin, extracted from the pericarp and velamen of apples or pears, is a dihydrochalcone flavonoid with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. It has been reported that phloretin has anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. However, the role of the gut microbiota in the phloretin anti-UC process remains unclear. In this study, we observed that the anti-UC effect of phloretin was affected by co-housing, probably because of the transmissible nature of the gut micobiota. Through fecal micobiota transplantation (FMT), the effects of the gut microbiota on the anti-UC of phloretin were further confirmed. UC was induced in mice by administrating 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. Phloretin (60 mg/kg) was administered by gavage every day during the experiment. Fecal microbes (109 CFU/mL) from phloretin-treated UC mice were administered by gavage to non-phloretin-treated UC mice for 7 days. The results showed that FMT, like phloretin, ameliorated UC by improving disease symptoms and colon inflammation, balancing inflammatory cytokines, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, restoring systemic immune function, inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorating the oxidant stress. Both FMT and phloretin treatment increased the levels of Bacteroidetes, Alistipes and Lactobacillus and decreased those of Firmicutes, Oscillibacter and Ruminiclostridium_6. Correlation analysis between gut microbes and micro-environmental factors revealed that Alistipes abundance was negatively correlated with DAI, pathological score, and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels, and Alistipes was more abundant in phloretin or FMT treated UC mice. Oscillibacter abundance was significantly positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-1β levels and pathological score, and Oscillibacter was increased in UC mice. Furthermore, network analysis of the dominant genera revealed that Alistipes abundance was negatively related to Oscillibacter abundance. In conclusion, this study suggests that the anti-UC effects of phloretin are achieved through regulation of the gut microbiota and phloretin has the potential to be developed as a promising agent for the treatment of UC.
Collapse
|
93
|
Villa-Rodriguez JA, Ifie I, Gonzalez-Aguilar GA, Roopchand DE. The Gastrointestinal Tract as Prime Site for Cardiometabolic Protection by Dietary Polyphenols. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:999-1011. [PMID: 31144710 PMCID: PMC6855987 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence from nutritional epidemiology links polyphenol-rich diets with reduced incidence of chronic disorders; however, biological mechanisms underlying polyphenol-disease relations remain enigmatic. Emerging evidence is beginning to unmask the contribution of the gastrointestinal tract on whole-body energy homeostasis, suggesting that the intestine may be a prime target for intervention and a fundamental site for the metabolic actions of polyphenols. During their transit through the gastrointestinal tract, polyphenols may activate enteric nutrient sensors ensuing appropriate responses from other peripheral organs to regulate metabolic homeostasis. Furthermore, polyphenols can modulate the absorption of glucose, attenuating exaggerated hormonal responses and metabolic imbalances. Polyphenols that escape absorption are metabolized by the gut microbiota and the resulting catabolites may act locally, activating nuclear receptors that control enteric functions such as intestinal permeability. Finally, polyphenols modulate gut microbial ecology, which can have profound effects on cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Villa-Rodriguez
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Center for Nutrition, Microbiome, and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,Address correspondence to JAV-R (e-mail: )
| | - Idolo Ifie
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Gustavo A Gonzalez-Aguilar
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Sonora, Mexico
| | - Diana E Roopchand
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Center for Nutrition, Microbiome, and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ,Address correspondence to DER (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Yue SJ, Wang WX, Yu JG, Chen YY, Shi XQ, Yan D, Zhou GS, Zhang L, Wang CY, Duan JA, Tang YP. Gut microbiota modulation with traditional Chinese medicine: A system biology-driven approach. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104453. [PMID: 31541688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
With the development of system biology, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is drawing more and more attention nowadays. However, there are still many enigmas behind this ancient medical system because of the arcane theory and complex mechanism of actions. In recent decades, advancements in genome sequencing technologies, bioinformatics and culturomics have led to the groundbreaking characterization of the gut microbiota, a 'forgotten organ', and its role in host health and disease. Notably, gut microbiota has been emerging as a new avenue to understanding TCM. In this review, we will focus on the structure, composition, functionality and metabolites of gut microbiota affected by TCM so as to conversely understand its theory and mechanisms. We will also discuss the potential areas of gut microbiota for exploring Chinese material medica waste, Chinese marine material medica, add-on therapy and personalized precise medication of TCM. The review will conclude with future perspectives and challenges of gut microbiota in TCM intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Jin-Gao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Xu-Qin Shi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-characteristic Profiling for Evaluation of Rational Drug Use, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Valero MS, González M, Ramón-Gimenez M, Andrade PB, Moreo E, Les F, Fernandes F, Gómez-Rincón C, Berzosa C, García de Jalón JA, Arruebo MP, Plaza MÁ, Köhler R, López V, Valentão P, Castro M. Jasonia glutinosa (L.) DC., a traditional herbal medicine, reduces inflammation, oxidative stress and protects the intestinal barrier in a murine model of colitis. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:1717-1734. [PMID: 31410747 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Jasonia glutinosa (L.) DC., known as rock tea (RT), is traditionally used in Spain as a digestive due to its beneficial properties in bowel disorders. The pharmacological nature of these properties has not been established yet. The aim of this work was to evaluate the therapeutic utility of RT in experimental colitis and to identify chemical constituents with anti-inflammatory and/or anti-oxidative properties. RT extract was prepared with ethanol in a Soxhlet apparatus and analysed by HPLC-DAD. Superoxide radical scavenging properties, xanthine oxidase and lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitory activity, and capability to lower nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were measured in cell-free and cell-based assays. In the 2.5%-dextran-sodium sulphate (DSS) injury-repair model of ulcerative colitis (UC), mice were daily treated with sulfasalazine (SSZ, as reference drug, 100 mg/kg bw), RT (5, 25 and 50 mg/kg bw, p.o.), or vehicle over 20 days. Colitis was scored daily. Colon samples were examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Protein levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukins 6, and 10 (IL-6, IL-10), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were studied as markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory activity. The integrity of the apical epithelial layer was assessed by immunofluorescence staining of zonula ocludens-1 (ZO-1). Finally, intestinal contractility was also evaluated by isometric myography. Fifteen phenolic compounds and three pigments were identified and quantified, of which caffeoylquinic acids, and the flavonoid, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, were the most abundant. RT extract significantly scavenged superoxide radicals, inhibited 5-LOX activity, and lowered NO and TNF-α levels. DSS-treated mice receiving RT scored clinically lower than controls during the first 3 days of DSS treatment and during the recovery period. SSZ was less effective than RT. Anatomical and histological examination of colon samples revealed that RT significantly prevented colon shortening, increased colon thickness, and lowered the macroscopic damage score. RT also significantly prevented the increase of MPO activity, IL-6 levels, iNOS and COX-2 expression, the loss of ZO-1 apical expression, and normalized contractility disturbances. In conclusion, daily administration of RT showed therapeutic properties in the DSS-model of UC. The benefits of RT can likely be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phenolic and flavonoid constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sofía Valero
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain.
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Saragossa, Spain.
| | - Mateo González
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mariano Ramón-Gimenez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Moreo
- Grupo de genética de micobacterias. Dpto. Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Francisco Les
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fátima Fernandes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlota Gómez-Rincón
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - César Berzosa
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Mª Pilar Arruebo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Plaza
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Ralf Köhler
- Aragon Agency for Research and Development (ARAID), Saragossa, Spain
| | - Víctor López
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Saragossa, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Patricia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Castro
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Saragossa, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Saragossa, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Kim JK, Park SU. Chlorogenic acid and its role in biological functions: an up to date. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:310-316. [PMID: 31338004 PMCID: PMC6635728 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Romualdo GR, Rocha AB, Vinken M, Cogliati B, Moreno FS, Chaves MAG, Barbisan LF. Drinking for protection? Epidemiological and experimental evidence on the beneficial effects of coffee or major coffee compounds against gastrointestinal and liver carcinogenesis. Food Res Int 2019; 123:567-589. [PMID: 31285007 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent meta-analyses indicate that coffee consumption reduces the risk for digestive tract (oral, esophageal, gastric and colorectal) and, especially, liver cancer. Coffee bean-derived beverages, as the widely-consumed espresso and "common" filtered brews, present remarkable historical, cultural and economic importance globally. These drinks have rich and variable chemical composition, depending on factors that vary from "seeding to serving". The alkaloids caffeine and trigonelline, as well as the polyphenol chlorogenic acid, are some of the most important bioactive organic compounds of these beverages, displaying high levels in both espresso and common brews and/or increased bioavailability after consumption. Thus, we performed a comprehensive literature overview of current knowledge on the effects of coffee beverages and their highly bioavailable compounds, describing: 1) recent epidemiological and experimental findings highlighting the beneficial effects against gastrointestinal/liver carcinogenesis, and 2) the main molecular mechanisms in these in vitro and in vivo bioassays. Findings predominantly address the protective effects of coffee beverages and their most common/bioavailable compounds individually on gastrointestinal and liver cancer development. Caffeine, trigonelline and chlorogenic acid modulate common molecular targets directly implicated in key cancer hallmarks, what could stimulate novel translational or population-based mechanistic investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Salvador Moreno
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - María Angel García Chaves
- Department of Oncology, Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Morphology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice through MAPK/ERK/JNK Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6769789. [PMID: 31139644 PMCID: PMC6500688 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6769789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Observe the protective effect of chlorogenic acid on dextran sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mice and explore the regulation of MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway. Methods Seventy C57BL/6 mice (half males and half females) were randomly divided into 7 groups, 10 in each group: control group (CON group), UC model group (UC group), and sulfasalazine-positive control group (SASP group), chlorogenic acid low dose group (CGA-L group), chlorogenic acid medium dose group (CGA-M group), chlorogenic acid high dose group (CGA-H group), and ERK inhibitor + chlorogenic acid group (E+CGA group). The effects of chlorogenic acid on UC were evaluated by colon mucosa damage index (CMDI), HE staining, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Western blot. The relationship between chlorogenic acid and MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway was explored by adding ERK inhibitor. Results The UC models were established successfully by drinking DSS water. Chlorogenic acid reduces DSS-induced colonic mucosal damage, inhibits DSS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in colon, and reduces ERK1/2, p -ERK, p38, p-p38, JNK, and p-JNK protein expression. ERK inhibitor U0126 reversed the protective effect of chlorogenic acid on colon tissue. Conclusion Chlorogenic acid can alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice, which can significantly reduce tissue inflammation and apoptosis, and its mechanism is related to the MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
99
|
Mileo AM, Nisticò P, Miccadei S. Polyphenols: Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Implication in Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:729. [PMID: 31031748 PMCID: PMC6470258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds, widely present in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, have potential benefits for human health and are protective agents against the development of chronic/degenerative diseases including cancer. More recently these bioactive molecules have been gaining great interest as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents, mainly in neoplasia where the pro-inflammatory context might promote carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered a major public healthy issue, a leading cause of cancer mortality and morbidity worldwide. Epidemiological, pre-clinical and clinical investigations have consistently highlighted important relationships between large bowel inflammation, gut microbiota (GM), and colon carcinogenesis. Many experimental studies and clinical evidence suggest that polyphenols have a relevant role in CRC chemoprevention, exhibit cytotoxic capability vs. CRC cells and induce increased sensitization to chemo/radiotherapies. These effects are most likely related to the immunomodulatory properties of polyphenols able to modulate cytokine and chemokine production and activation of immune cells. In this review we summarize recent advancements on immunomodulatory activities of polyphenols and their ability to counteract the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. We focus on potential role of natural polyphenols in increasing the cell sensitivity to colon cancer therapies, highlighting the polyphenol-based combined treatments as innovative immunomodulatory strategies to inhibit the growth of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Mileo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Miccadei
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Cao SY, Ye SJ, Wang WW, Wang B, Zhang T, Pu YQ. Progress in active compounds effective on ulcerative colitis from Chinese medicines. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:81-102. [PMID: 30797423 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon, has a rising incidence worldwide. The known pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves genetic predisposition, epithelial barrier defects, dysregulated immune responses, and environmental factors. Nowadays, the drugs for UC include 5-aminosalicylic acid, steroids, and immunosuppressants. Long-term use of these drugs, however, may cause several side effects, such as hepatic and renal toxicity, drug resistance and allergic reactions. Moreover, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of UC shows significantly positive effects, low recurrence rate, few side effects and other obvious advantages. This paper summarizes several kinds of active compounds used in the experimental research of anti-UC effects extracted from TCM, mainly including flavonoids, acids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, quinones, and bile acids from some animal medicines. It is found that the anti-UC activities are mainly focused on targeting inflammation or oxidative stress, which is associated with increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, SOD), suppressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, NF-κB, NO), reducing the activity of MPO, MDA, IFN-γ, and iNOS. This review may offer valuable reference for UC-related studies on the compounds from natural medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sheng-Jie Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qiong Pu
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|