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Rajna A, Gibling H, Sarr O, Matravadia S, Holloway GP, Mutch DM. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid differentially regulate the skeletal muscle secretome of obese Zucker rats. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:580-589. [PMID: 29727591 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00038.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that proteins secreted from skeletal muscle influence a broad range of metabolic signaling pathways. We previously reported that essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improved whole-body glucose homeostasis in obese Zucker rats; however, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain enigmatic. While PUFA and obesity influence skeletal muscle function, their effects on the secretome are unknown. The aim of this work was to determine if improvements in whole-body glucose homeostasis in obese Zucker rats fed diets supplemented with either linoleic acid (LA) or alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) for 12 wk are related to changes in the skeletal muscle secretome. Secreted proteins were identified with a predictive bioinformatic analysis of microarray gene expression from red tibialis anterior skeletal muscle. Approximately 130 genes were differentially expressed (false discovery rate = 0.05) in obese rats compared with lean controls. The expression of 15 genes encoding secreted proteins was differentially regulated in obese controls, obese LA-supplemented, and obese ALA-supplemented rats compared with lean controls. Five secreted proteins ( Col3a1, Col15a1, Pdgfd, Lyz2, and Angptl4) were differentially regulated by LA and ALA. Most notably, ALA supplementation reduced Angptl4 gene expression compared with obese control and obese-LA supplemented rats and reduced circulating ANGPTL4 serum concentrations. ALA also influenced Angptl4 gene expression and ANGPTL4 secretion from differentiated rat L6 myotubes. Altogether, the present data indicate that obesity has a greater global impact on skeletal muscle gene expression than either essential PUFA; however, LA and ALA may exert their metabolic benefits in part by regulating the skeletal muscle secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Rajna
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
| | - Heather Gibling
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
| | - Ousseynou Sarr
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
| | - Sarthak Matravadia
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
| | - Graham P Holloway
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario , Canada
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Zhang ZP, Zhang XF, Li H, Liu TJ, Zhao QP, Huang LH, Cao ZJ, He LM, Hao DJ. Serum irisin associates with breast cancer to spinal metastasis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0524. [PMID: 29703023 PMCID: PMC5944558 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the serum level of irisin can be a candidate to predict the spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer.In a cross-sectional study, 148 patients were recruited. Of those, 53 (35.8%) had spinal metastasis. The baseline characteristics were compared by status of spinal metastasis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the serum irisin can be a candidate for predicting breast cancer to spinal metastasis. The correlation coefficient analysis was used to confirm the correlation between the serum irisin and lipid metabolic parameters and body mass index (BMI), respectively.The serum irisin was higher in patients without spinal metastasis (7.60 ± 3.80). Multivariable analysis showed that the serum irisin was protective to the presence of spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer after adjustments of age and BMI (odds ratio, 0.873; 95% confidence interval, 0.764-0.999). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the serum irisin and BMI (r = 0.263). The patients with metabolisc syndrome (MetS) had a higher level in serum irisin. In addition, the higher numbers of MetS components were associated with higher serum irisin.Higher serum irisin can be a protective factor of spinal metastasis in patients with breast cancer. The BMI is positively associated with the serum level of irisin. Furthermore, patients with MetS tended to have a higher level of serum irisin.
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Chhetri JK, de Souto Barreto P, Fougère B, Rolland Y, Vellas B, Cesari M. Chronic inflammation and sarcopenia: A regenerative cell therapy perspective. Exp Gerontol 2018; 103:115-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Chung HS, Hwang SY, Choi JH, Lee HJ, Kim NH, Yoo HJ, Seo JA, Kim SG, Kim NH, Baik SH, Choi KM. Implications of circulating Meteorin-like (Metrnl) level in human subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 136:100-107. [PMID: 29199003 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Meteorin-like (Metrnl) was recently identified as a novel adipomyokine induced by exercise and cold exposure. Metrnl improves glucose tolerance, increases systemic energy expenditure, induces white adipose browning, and promotes anti-inflammatory gene programs in obese/diabetic mice. However, the relationship of Metrnl with diabetes and cardiometabolic risk variables in humans has not been explored. METHODS In 800 subjects (400 patients with type 2 diabetes and 400 non-diabetes), Metrnl concentration was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the correlations of Metrnl level with anthropometric parameters, lifestyle factors, body composition values, and laboratory measurements were assessed. RESULTS Metrnl concentration was significantly higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes [median (inter-quartile range); diabetes: 1219.9 (1020.6, 1535.6), non-diabetes: 1131.2 (993.1, 1313.6) pg/ml, P < .001]. After adjustment for age and sex, Metrnl level was significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, lipid profile, and eGFR, but not with BMI or percent body fat. Multiple stepwise regression analysis exhibited that Metrnl level was independently associated with diabetes status (P < .001), eGFR (P < .001), and total cholesterol (P = .026) (R2 = 0.127). In multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for the risk of diabetes was 3.53 (95% confidence interval: 2.04-6.10) in the highest tertile of Metrnl compared to the lowest after adjustment for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that Metrnl level is elevated in human subjects with type 2 diabetes and is inversely related to various cardiometabolic risk factors, including renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Soo Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Miller BF, Hamilton KL, Majeed ZR, Abshire SM, Confides AL, Hayek AM, Hunt ER, Shipman P, Peelor FF, Butterfield TA, Dupont‐Versteegden EE. Enhanced skeletal muscle regrowth and remodelling in massaged and contralateral non-massaged hindlimb. J Physiol 2018; 596:83-103. [PMID: 29090454 PMCID: PMC5746529 DOI: 10.1113/jp275089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Muscle fibre cross sectional area is enhanced with massage in the form of cyclic compressive loading during regrowth after atrophy. Massage enhances protein synthesis of the myofibrillar and cytosolic, but not the mitochondrial fraction, in muscle during regrowth. Focal adhesion kinase activation and satellite cell number are elevated in muscles undergoing massage during regrowth. Muscle fibre cross sectional area and protein synthesis of the myofibrillar fraction, but not DNA synthesis, are elevated in muscle of the contralateral non-massaged limb. Massage in the form of cyclic compressive loading is a potential anabolic intervention during muscle regrowth after atrophy. ABSTRACT Massage, in the form of cyclic compressive loading (CCL), is associated with multiple health benefits, but its potential anabolic effect on atrophied muscle has not been investigated. We hypothesized that the mechanical activity associated with CCL induces an anabolic effect in skeletal muscle undergoing regrowth after a period of atrophy. Fischer-Brown Norway rats at 10 months of age were hindlimb unloaded for a period of 2 weeks. The rats were then allowed reambulation with CCL applied at a 4.5 N load at 0.5 Hz frequency for 30 min every other day for four bouts during a regrowth period of 8 days. Muscle fibre cross sectional area was enhanced by 18% with massage during regrowth compared to reloading alone, and this was accompanied by elevated myofibrillar and cytosolic protein as well as DNA synthesis. Focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation indicated that CCL increased mechanical stimulation, while a higher number of Pax7+ cells likely explains the elevated DNA synthesis. Surprisingly, the contralateral non-massaged limb exhibited a comparable 17% higher muscle fibre size compared to reloading alone, and myofibrillar protein synthesis, but not DNA synthesis, was also elevated. We conclude that massage in the form of CCL induces an anabolic response in muscles regrowing after an atrophy-inducing event. We suggest that massage can be used as an intervention to aid in the regrowth of muscle lost during immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. Miller
- Health and Exercise ScienceColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523‐1582USA
| | - Karyn L. Hamilton
- Health and Exercise ScienceColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523‐1582USA
| | - Zana R. Majeed
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Sarah M. Abshire
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Amy L. Confides
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Amanda M. Hayek
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Emily R. Hunt
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Patrick Shipman
- Department of MathematicsColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523‐1582USA
| | - Frederick F. Peelor
- Health and Exercise ScienceColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523‐1582USA
| | - Timothy A. Butterfield
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
| | - Esther E. Dupont‐Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40536‐0200USA
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Burrows R, Correa-Burrows P, Reyes M, Blanco E, Albala C, Gahagan S. Low muscle mass is associated with cardiometabolic risk regardless of nutritional status in adolescents: A cross-sectional study in a Chilean birth cohort. Pediatr Diabetes 2017; 18:895-902. [PMID: 28145023 PMCID: PMC5538898 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is documented in obese and non-obese adolescents with low muscular fitness. However, the association of low muscle mass (LMM) with CMR, independent of weight status, has not been examined. We analyzed the relationship of LMM with CMR in adolescents, regardless of their weight status. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational study in 660 adolescents. BMI, waist circumference (WC), arterial blood pressures (ABP) were measured. Total fat mass (TFM), total lean tissue (TLT), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) were estimated (DXA). Fasting lipid profile, glucose, and insulin were measured. HOMA-IR was estimated. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed (AHA/NHLBI/IDF). ROC analysis was performed to find the optimal cutoffs of TLT percentage for MetS diagnosis. Values below these cutoffs defined LMM. ANCOVA examined the association of LMM with selected cardiometabolic biomarkers. RESULTS In both sexes, TLT showed better sensitivity and specificity than ASM for MetS diagnosis. In males and females, TLT of 66.1% and 56.3%, respectively, were the optimal cutoff for MetS diagnosis. In the sample, 17.3% of males and 23.7% of females had LMM. In both sexes, adolescents with LMM had significantly higher values of WC, ABP, TG, TC/HDL, HOMA-IR, and MetS z-score than non-LMM participants. Adolescents with LMM, regardless nutritional status, had significantly increased values of MetS z-score, ABP, TG, TC/HDL-chol, and HOMA-IR than non-obese non-LMM adolescents. Adolescents having both obesity and LMM had the unhealthiest CMR profile. CONCLUSION In adolescents, LMM was associated with higher CMR, regardless of nutritional status. In obese adolescents, LMM increased obesity-associated CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile. Santiago, Chile. Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul. CP: 7830490. Santiago de Chile
| | - P Correa-Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile. Santiago, Chile. Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul. CP: 7830490. Santiago de Chile
| | - M Reyes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile. Santiago, Chile. Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul. CP: 7830490. Santiago de Chile
| | - E Blanco
- Division of Child Development and Community Health, University of California San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0602. La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - C Albala
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile. Santiago, Chile. Avda. El Líbano 5524, Macul. CP: 7830490. Santiago de Chile
| | - S Gahagan
- Division of Child Development and Community Health, University of California San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0602. La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel MA, Bachi ALL, Oliveira-Junior MC, Abbasi A, Silva-Renno A, Aparecida de Brito A, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP, Choqueta Toledo-Arruda A, Belvisi MG, Paula Vieira R. Exercise Inhibits the Effects of Smoke-Induced COPD Involving Modulation of STAT3. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6572714. [PMID: 29326759 PMCID: PMC5664289 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6572714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the participation of STAT3 in the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) in a model of smoke-induced COPD. METHODS C57Bl/6 male mice were divided into control, Exe, COPD, and COPD+Exe groups. Smoke were administered during 90 days. Treadmill aerobic training begun on day 61 until day 90. Pulmonary inflammation, systemic inflammation, the level of lung emphysema, and the airway remodeling were evaluated. Analysis of integral and phosphorylated expression of STAT3 by airway epithelial cells, peribronchial leukocytes, and parenchymal leukocytes was performed. RESULTS AE inhibited smoke-induced accumulation of total cells (p < 0.001), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and neutrophils (p < 0.001) in BAL, as well as BAL levels of IL-1β (p < 0.001), CXCL1 (p < 0.001), IL-17 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.05), while increased the levels of IL-10 (p < 0.001). AE also inhibited smoke-induced increases in total leukocytes (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.05), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and monocytes (p < 0.01) in blood, as well as serum levels of IL-1β (p < 0.01), CXCL1 (p < 0.01), IL-17 (p < 0.05), and TNF-α (p < 0.01), while increased the levels of IL-10 (p < 0.001). AE reduced smoke-induced emphysema (p < 0.001) and collagen fiber accumulation in the airways (p < 0.001). AE reduced smoke-induced STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 expression in airway epithelial cells (p < 0.001), peribronchial leukocytes (p < 0.001), and parenchymal leukocytes (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AE reduces smoke-induced COPD phenotype involving STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Post-Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Asghar Abbasi
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND Institute), University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Adriano Silva-Renno
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alessandra Choqueta Toledo-Arruda
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics (LIM 20), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology Group, Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), School of Medical Sciences of São José dos Campos Humanitas and Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pereira RO, Tadinada SM, Zasadny FM, Oliveira KJ, Pires KMP, Olvera A, Jeffers J, Souvenir R, Mcglauflin R, Seei A, Funari T, Sesaki H, Potthoff MJ, Adams CM, Anderson EJ, Abel ED. OPA1 deficiency promotes secretion of FGF21 from muscle that prevents obesity and insulin resistance. EMBO J 2017; 36:2126-2145. [PMID: 28607005 PMCID: PMC5510002 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201696179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics is a conserved process by which mitochondria undergo repeated cycles of fusion and fission, leading to exchange of mitochondrial genetic content, ions, metabolites, and proteins. Here, we examine the role of the mitochondrial fusion protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) in differentiated skeletal muscle by reducing OPA1 gene expression in an inducible manner. OPA1 deficiency in young mice results in non-lethal progressive mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of muscle mass. Mutant mice are resistant to age- and diet-induced weight gain and insulin resistance, by mechanisms that involve activation of ER stress and secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) from skeletal muscle, resulting in increased metabolic rates and improved whole-body insulin sensitivity. OPA1-elicited mitochondrial dysfunction activates an integrated stress response that locally induces muscle atrophy, but via secretion of FGF21 acts distally to modulate whole-body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Oliveira Pereira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Satya M Tadinada
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Frederick M Zasadny
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Karen Jesus Oliveira
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Karla Maria Pereira Pires
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Angela Olvera
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jennifer Jeffers
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rhonda Souvenir
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rose Mcglauflin
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alec Seei
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Trevor Funari
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ethan J Anderson
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Kapilevich LV, Kironenko TA, Zakharova AN, Kabachkova AV, Orlov SN. Level of Interleukins IL-6 and IL-15 in Blood Plasma of Mice after Forced Swimming Test. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:10-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Purpose/aim of the study: Myostatin is a myokine that has been shown to inhibit muscle growth and to have potentially deleterious effects on metabolism. The aim of the current study was to compare its circulating serum levels in subjects from the whole spectrum of carbohydrate disturbances leading to diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 159 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched subjects participated in the study - 50 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 60 had prediabetes (PreDM), and 49 had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Oral glucose tolerance testing was used to determine glucose tolerance. Serum myostatin was quantified by means of ELISA. RESULTS Circulating serum myostatin levels were highest in patients with T2D, lower in subjects with prediabetes, and lowest in subjects with normoglycemia (all p < 0.05). Myostatin was shown to be positively associated with fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, hepatic enzymes, uric acid, and FINDRISC questionnaire scores in both sexes. ROC analyses determined circulating myostatin levels to be of value for differentiating subjects with T2D (AUC = 0.72, p = 0.002 in men; AUC = 0.70, p = 0.004 in women) in the study population. After adjustment for potential confounders, in a multiple binary logistic regression model, serum myostatin added further information to traditional risk estimates in distinguishing subjects with T2D. CONCLUSIONS Serum myostatin levels are higher with deterioration of carbohydrate tolerance. Furthermore, circulating myostatin is positively associated with traditional biochemical estimates of poor metabolic health. These data add to evidence of the involvement of this myokine in the pathogenesis of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavor S Assyov
- a Clinic of Endocrinology , University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina V Velikova
- b Laboratory of Clinical Immunology , University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Zdravko A Kamenov
- a Clinic of Endocrinology , University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria
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Fukushima H, Koga F. Impact of sarcopenia in the management of urological cancer patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 17:455-466. [PMID: 28271727 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2017.1301209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenia, the degenerative and systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass, develops as a consequence of the progression of cancer cachexia. Recent studies suggest that sarcopenia may be used as a biomarker in the management of patients with several cancers. Areas covered: In this article, the authors review 1) the methods to simply and optimally evaluate and define sarcopenia using computed tomography images in daily clinical practice and 2) the impact of sarcopenia in the management of urological cancers, specifically focusing on the usefulness in predicting treatment-related complications and prognosis. The authors also discuss the prognostic importance of changes in skeletal muscle mass in the course of treatment and the potential roles of nutritional support and exercise to prevent progression of sarcopenia. Expert commentary: Sarcopenia is associated with treatment-related complications and unfavorable prognosis in urological cancer patients. Nutritional support and exercise might be helpful in improving sarcopenia. The impact of these interventions on clinical outcomes would be elucidated by ongoing or future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Fukushima
- a Department of Urology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Fumitaka Koga
- a Department of Urology , Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
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Correa-de-Araujo R, Harris-Love MO, Miljkovic I, Fragala MS, Anthony BW, Manini TM. The Need for Standardized Assessment of Muscle Quality in Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit and Other Aging-Related Muscle Dysfunctions: A Symposium Report. Front Physiol 2017; 8:87. [PMID: 28261109 PMCID: PMC5310167 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of scientific literature suggests that not only changes in skeletal muscle mass, but also other factors underpinning muscle quality, play a role in the decline in skeletal muscle function and impaired mobility associated with aging. A symposium on muscle quality and the need for standardized assessment was held on April 28, 2016 at the International Conference on Frailty and Sarcopenia Research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The purpose of this symposium was to provide a venue for basic science and clinical researchers and expert clinicians to discuss muscle quality in the context of skeletal muscle function deficit and other aging-related muscle dysfunctions. The present article provides an expanded introduction concerning the emerging definitions of muscle quality and a potential framework for scientific inquiry within the field. Changes in muscle tissue composition, based on excessive levels of inter- and intra-muscular adipose tissue and intramyocellular lipids, have been found to adversely impact metabolism and peak force generation. However, methods to easily and rapidly assess muscle tissue composition in multiple clinical settings and with minimal patient burden are needed. Diagnostic ultrasound and other assessment methods continue to be developed for characterizing muscle pathology, and enhanced sonography using sensors to provide user feedback and improve reliability is currently the subject of ongoing investigation and development. In addition, measures of relative muscle force such as specific force or grip strength adjusted for body size have been proposed as methods to assess changes in muscle quality. Furthermore, performance-based assessments of muscle power via timed tests of function and body size estimates, are associated with lower extremity muscle strength may be responsive to age-related changes in muscle quality. Future aims include reaching consensus on the definition and standardized assessments of muscle quality, and providing recommendations to address critical clinical and technology research gaps within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaly Correa-de-Araujo
- Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael O Harris-Love
- Muscle Morphology, Mechanics and Performance Laboratory, Clinical Research Center - Human Performance Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical CenterWashington, DC, USA; Geriatrics and Extended Care Service/Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical CenterWashington, DC, USA; Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington UniversityWashington, DC, USA
| | - Iva Miljkovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Brian W Anthony
- Laboratory for Manufacturing and Productivity, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA; Medical Electronic Device Realization Center, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging & Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, FL, USA
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Nutrition and IBD: Malnutrition and/or Sarcopenia? A Practical Guide. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:8646495. [PMID: 28127306 PMCID: PMC5239980 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8646495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This mini review is focusing on main determinants of malnutrition in IBD, the most important components of malnutrition, including lean mass loss and sarcopenia, as an emerging problem. Each one of these components needs to be well considered in a correct nutritional evaluation of an IBD patient in order to build a correct multidisciplinary approach. The review is then focusing on possible instrumental and clinical armamentarium for the nutritional evaluation.
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Dozio E, Passeri E, Cardani R, Benedini S, Aresta C, Valaperta R, Corsi Romanelli M, Meola G, Sansone V, Corbetta S. Circulating Irisin Is Reduced in Male Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Myotonic Dystrophies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:320. [PMID: 29184538 PMCID: PMC5694592 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Myotonic dystrophies (DM) are dominantly inherited muscle disorders characterized by myotonia, muscle weakness, and wasting. The reasons for sarcopenia in DMs are uncleared and multiple factors are involved. Irisin, a positive hormone regulator of muscle growth and bone, may play a role. OBJECTIVES To investigate (1) circulating irisin in a series of DM1 and DM2 male patients compared with healthy controls and (2) the relationships between irisin and anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal parameters. DESIGN AND STUDY PARTICIPANTS This is a cross-sectional study. Fasting blood samples for glucometabolic, gonadic, bone markers, and irisin were collected from 28 ambulatory DM1, 10 DM2, and 23 age-matched healthy male subjects. Body composition and bone mineralization [bone mineral density (BMD)] were measured by DEXA. Echocardiographic assessment and visceral adiposity, namely, liver and epicardial fat, were investigated by ultrasound. Irisin released from cultured myotubes derived from 3 DM1, 3 DM2, and 3 healthy donors was assayed. RESULTS Plasma irisin levels were definitely lower in both DM1 and DM2 patients than in controls with no difference between DM1 and DM2. Irisin released from DM1 and DM2 myotubes was similar to that released from myotubes of the non-DM donors, though diabetic DM2 myotubes released more irisin than DM1 myotubes. There was no correlation between irisin and muscle strength or lean mass in both DM1 and DM2 patients. In DM1 patients, plasma irisin levels correlated negatively with oxygen consumption and positively with insulin resistance, while in DM2 patients plasma irisin levels positively correlated with fat mass at arms and legs levels. No correlation with visceral fat, left ventricular mass, and gonadal hormones could be detected. In both DM1 and DM2 patients, legs BMD parameters positively correlated with plasma irisin levels. CONCLUSION Plasma irisin is reduced in both DM1 and DM2 male patients likely reflecting muscle mass reduction. Moreover, insulin resistance may contribute to modulation of plasma irisin in DM1 patients. The irisin-mediated cross talk muscle-adipose tissue-bone may be active also in the male myotonic dystrophies' model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Passeri
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Cardani
- Laboratory of Muscle Histopathology and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Benedini
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Aresta
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Rea Valaperta
- Research Laboratories, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medicine Unit SMEL-1, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Meola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sansone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centro Clinico Nemo, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Corbetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sabrina Corbetta,
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Exercise Training and Epigenetic Regulation: Multilevel Modification and Regulation of Gene Expression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1000:281-322. [PMID: 29098627 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4304-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training elicits acute and adaptive long term changes in human physiology that mediate the improvement of performance and health state. The responses are integrative and orchestrated by several mechanisms, as gene expression. Gene expression is essential to construct the adaptation of the biological system to exercise training, since there are molecular processes mediating oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism, angiogenesis, cardiac and skeletal myofiber hypertrophy, and other processes that leads to a greater physiological status. Epigenetic is the field that studies about gene expression changes heritable by meiosis and mitosis, by changes in chromatin and DNA conformation, but not in DNA sequence, that studies the regulation on gene expression that is independent of genotype. The field approaches mechanisms of DNA and chromatin conformational changes that inhibit or increase gene expression and determine tissue specific pattern. The three major studied epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, Histone modification, and regulation of noncoding RNA-associated genes. This review elucidates these mechanisms, focusing on the relationship between them and their relationship with exercise training, physical performance and the enhancement of health status. On this chapter, we clarified the relationship of epigenetic modulations and their intimal relationship with acute and chronic effect of exercise training, concentrating our effort on skeletal muscle, heart and vascular responses, that are the most responsive systems against to exercise training and play crucial role on physical performance and improvement of health state.
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Li R, Steyn FJ, Stout MB, Lee K, Cully TR, Calderón JC, Ngo ST. Development of a high-throughput method for real-time assessment of cellular metabolism in intact long skeletal muscle fibre bundles. J Physiol 2016; 594:7197-7213. [PMID: 27619319 DOI: 10.1113/jp272988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We developed a method that allows for real-time assessment of cellular metabolism in isolated, intact long skeletal muscle fibre bundles from adult mice. This method can be used to study changes in mitochondrial function and fuel utilisation in live skeletal muscle fibre bundles. Our method enables flexibility in experimental design and high-throughput assessment of mitochondrial parameters in isolated skeletal muscle fibre bundles. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) fibre bundles obtained from chronic high-fat diet fed mice had lower basal oxygen consumption under FCCP-induced maximal respiration, when compared to control chow-fed mice. EDL fibre bundles obtained from chronic high-fat diet fed mice had enhanced mitochondrial oxidation capacity under FCCP-induced maximal respiration, when compared to control chow-fed mice. ABSTRACT Metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle contributes to the aetiology and development of muscle diseases and metabolic diseases. As such, assessment of skeletal muscle cellular bioenergetics provides a powerful means to understand the role of skeletal muscle metabolism in disease and to identify possible therapeutic targets. Here, we developed a method that allows for the real-time assessment of cellular respiration in intact skeletal muscle fibre bundles obtained from the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of adult mice. Using this method, we assessed the contribution of ATP turnover and proton leak to basal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Our data demonstrate that the mitochondria in EDL fibres are loosely coupled. Moreover, in the presence of carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), we show that palmitate exposure induced comparable peak OCR and higher total OCR in EDL fibre bundles when compared to pyruvate exposure, suggesting that fatty acids might be a more sustainable fuel source for skeletal muscle when mitochondria are driven to maximal respiration. Application of this method to EDL fibre bundles obtained from chronic high-fat diet fed mice revealed lower basal OCR and enhanced mitochondrial oxidation capacity in the presence of FCCP when compared to the chow-diet fed control mice. By using a 96-well microplate format, our method provides a flexible and efficient platform to investigate mitochondrial parameters of intact skeletal muscle fibres obtained from adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael B Stout
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kevin Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tanya R Cully
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juan C Calderón
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Çatlı G, Küme T, Tuhan HÜ, Anık A, Çalan ÖG, Böber E, Abacı A. Relation of serum irisin level with metabolic and antropometric parameters in obese children. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:1560-1565. [PMID: 27539885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum irisin level and metabolic and anthropometric parameters in obese children. METHODS The study included 36 obese children with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥95th percentile and 30 healthy children with a BMI ranging from the 5th to the 85th percentile. Healthy and obese children had similar age, gender and pubertal stage distribution. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin and irisin levels) were measured. Bioelectric impedance analysis was used to determine the body composition parameters, including body fat percentage and fat mass. RESULTS Serum irisin and leptin levels of the obese children were significantly higher than those of the healthy children [median irisin levels, 141.2 & 107.6ng/mL, p=0.024; median leptin levels, 10.9 & 2.9pg/mL, P<0.001, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found when leptin and irisin levels were compared among obese patients in terms of the presence of insulin resistance. Irisin levels significantly correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with adjustment for age and BMI. The multivariate regression analysis showed that age, HOMA-IR and HDL-C had a significant association with the serum irisin level, which explained 30.6% of the variance. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that obese children had significantly higher irisin levels than healthy children. Additionally, it provides evidence regarding the role of irisin on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Çatlı
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir.
| | - Tuncay Küme
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir
| | - Hale Ünver Tuhan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir
| | - Ahmet Anık
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın
| | - Özlem Gürsoy Çalan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir
| | - Ece Böber
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir
| | - Ayhan Abacı
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir
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68
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Park SY, Yoon JK, Lee SJ, Haam S, Jung J. Prognostic value of preoperative total psoas muscle area on long-term outcome in surgically treated oesophageal cancer patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016; 24:13-19. [PMID: 27587471 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although a decrease in psoas muscle area (PMA) has been reported as a risk factor for survival in several malignancies, there have been few studies regarding its prognostic value in oesophageal cancer. We investigated the prognostic role of PMA and its F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in patients who had surgically treated oesophageal cancer. METHODS From 2004 to 2013, 131 patients who underwent surgical resection and complete lymph node dissection for oesophageal cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The PMA and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) of the psoas muscle were measured at the L3 spine level on preoperative positron emission tomography/computed tomography images. RESULTS The mean age was 63.38 ± 8.47 years and male patients were 125 (95.4%). The pathological stage I, II and III were 38 (29.0%), 41 (31.3%) and 52 (39.7%), respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI), PMA and SUVmean of the psoas muscle were 59.50 ± 10.14, 14.42 ± 4.30 and 1.51 ± 0.27, respectively. Operative mortality occurred in 7 (5.3%) patients. The BMI and PMA were lower in patients with operative mortality than in patients who survived. The median follow-up time was 32.52 months. A multivariate analysis revealed that PMA was an adverse risk factor for overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio, HR = 0.930; P= 0.004), whereas BMI was related to OS. The 3-year OS rates were 64.9% in high-PMA (≥15.8) patients; however, it was only 37.1% in low-PMA (less than 15.8) patients (P= 0.002). Akaike information criterion was the lowest by including PMA in the multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS Decreased PMA was an adverse significant prognostic factor for OS in patients with oesophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Yong Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kee Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Haam
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Jung
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Miyatake S, Shimizu-Motohashi Y, Takeda S, Aoki Y. Anti-inflammatory drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: focus on skeletal muscle-releasing factors. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2745-58. [PMID: 27621596 PMCID: PMC5012616 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an incurable and a progressive muscle wasting disease, is caused by the absence of dystrophin protein, leading to recurrent muscle fiber damage during contraction. The inflammatory response to fiber damage is a compelling candidate mechanism for disease exacerbation. The only established pharmacological treatment for DMD is corticosteroids to suppress muscle inflammation, however this treatment is limited by its insufficient therapeutic efficacy and considerable side effects. Recent reports show the therapeutic potential of inhibiting or enhancing pro- or anti-inflammatory factors released from DMD skeletal muscles, resulting in significant recovery from muscle atrophy and dysfunction. We discuss and review the recent findings of DMD inflammation and opportunities for drug development targeting specific releasing factors from skeletal muscles. It has been speculated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs targeting specific inflammatory factors are more effective and have less side effects for DMD compared with steroidal drugs. For example, calcium channels, reactive oxygen species, and nuclear factor-κB signaling factors are the most promising targets as master regulators of inflammatory response in DMD skeletal muscles. If they are combined with an oligonucleotide-based exon skipping therapy to restore dystrophin expression, the anti-inflammatory drug therapies may address the present therapeutic limitation of low efficiency for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouta Miyatake
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Shimizu-Motohashi
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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Shi X, Lin M, Liu C, Xiao F, Liu Y, Huang P, Zeng X, Yan B, Liu S, Li X, Yang S, Li X, Li Z. Elevated circulating irisin is associated with lower risk of insulin resistance: association and path analyses of obese Chinese adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2016; 16:44. [PMID: 27473122 PMCID: PMC4966722 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-016-0123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the role of irisin in insulin resistance is limited and controversial, and pathways between them remain unknown. We aimed to examine the independent effects of circulating irisin and different adiposity measurements, as well as their potential interactions, on insulin resistance. We also aimed to explore possible pathways among circulating irisin, adiposity, glucose and insulin levels and insulin resistance. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1,115 community- living obese Chinese adults, with data collection on clinical characteristics, glucose and lipid metabolic parameters and circulating irisin levels. RESULTS Among the 1,115 subjects, 667 (59.8 %) were identified as insulin-resistance, and showed significantly decreased serum irisin than their controls (log-transformed irisin: 1.19 ± 2.34 v.s. 1.46 ± 2.05 ng/ml, p = 0.042). With adjustment for potential confounders, elevated circulating irisin was significantly associated with reduced risk of insulin resistance, with adjusted odds ratio per standard deviation increase of irisin of 0.871 (0.765-0.991, p = 0.036). As for different adiposity measurements, body fat percentage, but neither BMI nor waist, was significantly associated with increased risk of insulin resistance (OR: 1.152 (1.041-1.275), p = 0.006). No significant interaction effect between serum irisin and adiposity on insulin resistance was found. A one pathway model about the relationship between serum irisin and insulin resistance fits well (χ (2) = 44.09, p < 0.001; CFI-0.994; TLI =0.986; and RMSEA = 0.067), and shows that elevated circulating irisin might improve insulin resistance indirectly through lowering fasting insulin levels (standardized path coefficient = -0.046, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Elevated circulating irisin is associated with lower risk of insulin resistance indirectly through lowering fasting insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Mingzhu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Changqin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Fangsen Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Yongwen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peiying Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Bing Yan
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Suhuan Liu
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, 55# Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xaimen, 361003 China
- Epidemiology Research Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Kim KM, Jang HC, Lim S. Differences among skeletal muscle mass indices derived from height-, weight-, and body mass index-adjusted models in assessing sarcopenia. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:643-50. [PMID: 27334763 PMCID: PMC4939509 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging processes are inevitably accompanied by structural and functional changes in vital organs. Skeletal muscle, which accounts for 40% of total body weight, deteriorates quantitatively and qualitatively with aging. Skeletal muscle is known to play diverse crucial physical and metabolic roles in humans. Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by significant loss of muscle mass and strength. It is related to subsequent frailty and instability in the elderly population. Because muscle tissue is involved in multiple functions, sarcopenia is closely related to various adverse health outcomes. Along with increasing recognition of the clinical importance of sarcopenia, several international study groups have recently released their consensus on the definition and diagnosis of sarcopenia. In practical terms, various skeletal muscle mass indices have been suggested for assessing sarcopenia: appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted for height squared, weight, or body mass index. A different prevalence and different clinical implications of sarcopenia are highlighted by each definition. The discordances among these indices have emerged as an issue in defining sarcopenia, and a unifying definition for sarcopenia has not yet been attained. This review aims to compare these three operational definitions and to introduce an optimal skeletal muscle mass index that reflects the clinical implications of sarcopenia from a metabolic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soo Lim
- Correspondence to Soo Lim, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea Tel: +82-31-787-7035 Fax: +82-31-787-4051 E-mail:
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Jung TW, Yoo HJ, Choi KM. Implication of hepatokines in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. BBA CLINICAL 2016; 5:108-13. [PMID: 27051596 PMCID: PMC4816030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a central regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and has a pivotal role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Impaired gluconeogenesis and dyslipidemia are often observed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The liver is now recognized to be an endocrine organ that secretes hepatokines, which are proteins that regulate systemic metabolism and energy homeostasis. Hepatokines are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, NAFLD, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this review, we focus on the roles of two major hepatokines, fetuin-A and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), as well as recently-redefined hepatokines, such as selenoprotein P, angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), and leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2). We also assess the biology and molecular mechanisms of hepatokines in the context of their potential as therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The roles of hepatokines such as fetuin-A, FGF21, selenoprotein P, ANGPTL4, and LECT2 The molecular mechanisms of hepatokines in metabolic disorders and CVD Hepatokines as therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders and CVD
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Kainulainen
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity; University of Jyväskylä; Jyväskylä Finland
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74
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Bonnet M, Tournayre J, Cassar-Malek I. Integrated data mining of transcriptomic and proteomic datasets to predict the secretome of adipose tissue and muscle in ruminants. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:2722-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00224b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue and muscle are endocrine organs releasing signalling and mediator proteins termed adipokines and myokines. The identification of the complete set of proteins secreted by adipose tissue and muscle is a challenge to understand the molecular cross-talk between these tissues and to reveal potential targets to control body or muscle composition and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bonnet
- INRA
- UMR1213 Herbivores
- F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle
- France
- Clermont Université
| | - J. Tournayre
- INRA
- UMR1213 Herbivores
- F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle
- France
- Clermont Université
| | - I. Cassar-Malek
- INRA
- UMR1213 Herbivores
- F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle
- France
- Clermont Université
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