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Galán-Llopis JA, Sánchez-Pellicer P, Navarro-López V. Role of microbiome in kidney stone disease. Curr Opin Urol 2023; 33:84-89. [PMID: 36210763 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The process of renal stone formation is complex, multifactorial, and variable depending on the type of stone. The microbiome, whether by direct or indirect action, is a factor that both promotes the formation and protects from developing of renal stones. It is a highly variable factor due to the great interindividual and intraindividual variability that it presents. In recent years, with the incorporation of nonculture-based techniques such as the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA bacterian gene, both intestinal and urinary microbiota have been deeply studied in various diseases such as the kidney stone disease. RECENT FINDINGS This review has examined the new insights on the influence of the intestinal and urinary microbiome in nephrolithiasis disease and its usefulness as a diagnostic and prognostic tool, highlighting its contribution to the pathogenesis, its ability to modulate it and to influence disease development. SUMMARY The incidence of urolithiasis has been increasing considerably. These patients represent a significant expense for national health systems. With the knowledge of the influence of the urobiome and intestinal microbiota on the urolithiasis, it could be possible to modulate it to interrupt its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Galán-Llopis
- Department of Urology, General University Hospital Dr Balmis; Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante
| | - Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciencies Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia
| | - Vicente Navarro-López
- MiBioPath Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciencies Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia; Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Vinalopó-Fisabio, Elche, Spain
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Antioxidant Activities and Cytotoxicity of the Regulated Calcium Oxalate Crystals on HK-2 Cells of Polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis with Different Molecular Weights. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051031. [PMID: 36900548 PMCID: PMC10001015 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activities of seven degraded products (GLPs) with different molecular weights (Mw) of polysaccharides from Gracilaria lemaneiformis were compared. The Mw of GLP1-GLP7 were 106, 49.6, 10.5, 6.14, 5.06, 3.71 and 2.42 kDa, respectively. The results show that GLP2 with Mw = 49.6 kDa had the strongest scavenging capacity for hydroxyl radical, DPPH radical, ABTS radical and reducing power. When Mw < 49.6 kDa, the antioxidant activity of GLPs increased with the increase in Mw, but when Mw increased to 106 kDa, their antioxidant activity decreased. However, the ability of GLPs to chelate Fe2+ ions increased with the decrease in polysaccharide Mw, which was attributed to the fact that the polysaccharide active groups (-OSO3- and -COOH) were easier to expose, and the steric hindrance was smaller when GLPs chelated with Fe2+. The effects of GLP1, GLP3, GLP5 and GLP7 on the crystal growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) were studied using XRD, FT-IR, Zeta potential and thermogravimetric analysis. Four kinds of GLPs could inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and induce the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) in varying degrees. With the decrease in Mw of GLPs, the percentage of COD increased. GLPs increased the absolute value of the Zeta potential on the crystal surface and reduced the aggregation between crystals. Cell experiments showed that the toxicity of CaOx crystal regulated by GLPs to HK-2 cells was reduced, and the cytotoxicity of CaOx crystal regulated by GLP7 with the smallest Mw was the smallest, which was consistent with the highest SOD activity, the lowest ROS and MDA levels, the lowest OPN expression level and the lowest cell necrosis rate. These results suggest that GLPs, especially GLP7, may be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
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Perioperative Fast-Track Surgery Nursing Intervention for Patients with Kidney Stone Disease under Computed Tomography Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2023; 2023:1101388. [PMID: 36793497 PMCID: PMC9925241 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the clinical intervention effect of perioperative fast-track surgery (FTS) nursing on patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) under computed tomography (CT) imaging. One-hundred KSD patients were selected as research objects and grouped after CT examination. These objects were randomly divided into a research group (FTS nursing intervention, n = 50) and a control group (general routine nursing intervention, n = 50). The preoperative psychological status of patients was compared between the two groups, using Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale. The hunger and thirst situations were compared using Numerical Rating Scale; postoperative recovery time, incidence of complications, and nursing satisfaction were also compared. The high-density shadow could be clearly observed in the right kidney of the patients in the CT imaging examination. The nursing outcomes suggested that there was no notable difference in hunger between the two groups, and anxiety, depression, and thirst in the research group were highly better than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The time of the first exhaust, the time of body temperature returning to normal, the time of getting out of bed, and the length of hospital stay in the research group were all shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The total postoperative satisfaction of the research group (98.00%) was greatly better than the 88.00% in the control group (P < 0.05). As the FTS concept was applied in the perioperative nursing of KSD patients under CT imaging, the preoperative and postoperative negative emotions of patients could be improved. Thereby, the postoperative recovery rate of patients was promoted, postoperative complications and patients' pain were reduced, and the postoperative quality of life of patients was also improved.
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Role of the Gut Microbiota in Children with Kidney Disease. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020269. [PMID: 36832398 PMCID: PMC9955067 DOI: 10.3390/children10020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the composition and structure of the gut microbiota, namely dysbiosis, dictates the pathophysiology of kidney diseases. The bidirectional kidney-gut axis is of interest in chronic kidney disease (CKD); the uremic milieu leads to intestinal dysbiosis and gut microbial metabolites and toxins implicated in the loss of kidney function and increased comorbidity burden. Considering that kidney diseases can originate in childhood or even earlier in fetal life, identification of the pathogenetic connection between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the development of pediatric renal diseases deserves more attention. This review concentrates on the pathogenic link between dysbiotic gut microbiota and pediatric renal diseases, covering CKD, kidney transplantation, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Gut microbiota-targeted therapies including dietary intervention, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and fecal microbial transplantation are discussed for their potential for the treatment of pediatric renal diseases. A deeper understanding of gut microbiota in pediatric renal diseases will aid in developing innovative gut microbiota-targeted interventions for preventing or attenuating the global burden of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975-368-975; Fax: +886-7733-8009
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Xu H, Liu Y, Wang J, Jin X. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on emergency department visits for urolithiasis: A time-series study in Wuhan, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1091672. [PMID: 36794071 PMCID: PMC9922887 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1091672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have explored the correlation between short-term exposure to air pollution and urinary system diseases, but lack of evidence on the correlation between air pollution and urolithiasis. Methods Daily data of emergency department visits (EDVs), concentrations of six air pollutants (SO2, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, CO, and O3) and meteorological variables were collected in Wuhan, China, from 2016 to 2018. And a time-series study was conducted to investigate short-term effects of air pollutants on urolithiasis EDVs. In addition, stratified analyses by season, age and gender were also conducted. Results A total of 7,483 urolithiasis EDVs were included during the study period. A 10-μg/m3 increase of SO2, NO2, PM2.5, CO, PM10, and O3 corresponded to 15.02% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69%, 30.11%), 1.96% (95% CI: 0.19%, 3.76%), 1.09% (95% CI:-0.24%, 2.43%), 0.14% (95% CI: 0.02%, 0.26%), 0.72% (95% CI: 0.02%, 1.43%), and 1.17% (95% CI: 0.40%, 1.94%) increases in daily urolithiasis EDVs. Significant positive correlations were observed between SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 and urolithiasis EDVs. The correlations were mainly among females (especially PM2.5 and CO) and younger people (especially SO2, NO2, and PM10) but the effect of CO was more obvious in elders. Furthermore, the effects of SO2 and CO were stronger in warm seasons, while the effects of NO2 were stronger in cool seasons. Conclusion Our time-series study indicates that short-term exposure to air pollution (especially SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) was positively correlated with EDVs for urolithiasis in Wuhan, China, and the effects varied by season, age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Xu
- The Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- The Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoqing Jin ✉
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Liu H, Cao M, Jin Y, Jia B, Wang L, Dong M, Han L, Abankwah J, Liu J, Zhou T, Chen B, Wang Y, Bian Y. Network pharmacology and experimental validation to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms of Bushen Huashi decoction against kidney stones. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1031895. [PMID: 36864834 PMCID: PMC9971497 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1031895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney stone disease (KS) is a complicated disease with an increasing global incidence. It was shown that Bushen Huashi decoction (BSHS) is a classic Chinese medicine formula that has therapeutic benefits for patients with KS. However, its pharmacological profile and mechanism of action are yet to be elucidated. METHODS The present study used a network pharmacology approach to characterize the mechanism by which BSHS affects KS. Compounds were retrieved from corresponding databases, and active compounds were selected based on their oral bioavailability (≥30) and drug-likeness index (≥0.18). BSHS potential proteins were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, whereas KS potential genes were obtained from GeneCards and OMIM, TTD, and DisGeNET. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were used to determine potential pathways associated with genes. The ingredients of BSHS extract were identified by the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap MS). The network pharmacology analyses predicted the potential underlying action mechanisms of BSHS on KS, which were further validated experimentally in the rat model of calcium oxalate kidney stones. RESULTS Our study found that BSHS reduced renal crystal deposition and improved renal function in ethylene glycol(EG)+ammonium chloride(AC)-induced rats, and also reversed oxidative stress levels and inhibited renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in rats. BSHS upregulated protein and mRNA expression of E2, ESR1, ESR2, BCL2, NRF2, and HO-1 in EG+AC-induced rat kidney while downregulating BAX protein and mRNA expression, consistent with the network pharmacology results. DISCUSSION This study provides evidence that BSHS plays a critical role in anti-KS via regulation of E2/ESR1/2, NRF2/HO-1, and BCL2/BAX signaling pathways, indicating that BSHS is a candidate herbal drug for further investigation in treating KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhao Liu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Jin
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Beitian Jia
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengxue Dong
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Han
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Joseph Abankwah
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Baogui Chen
- Wuqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated with Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yiyang Wang, ; Yuhong Bian,
| | - Yuhong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yiyang Wang, ; Yuhong Bian,
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A Comparative Study of Stone Re-Treatment after Lithotripsy. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122130. [PMID: 36556495 PMCID: PMC9780782 DOI: 10.3390/life12122130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high recurrence rate has always been a problem associated with urolithiasis. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of single interventions, combined therapies, and surgical and nonsurgical interventions. Herein, three lithotripsy procedures—extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL)—were assessed and a retrospective cohort was selected in order to further analyze the association with several risk factors. Firstly, a population-based cohort from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 1997 to 2010 was selected. In this study, 350 lithotripsy patients who underwent re-treatment were followed up for at least six years to compare re-treatment rates, with 1400 patients without any lithotripsy treatment being used as the comparison cohort. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied. Our results indicate that the risk of repeat urolithiasis treatment was 1.71-fold higher in patients that received lithotripsy when compared to patients that were not treated with lithotripsy (hazard ratio (HR) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.427−2.048; p < 0.001). Furthermore, a high percentage of repeated treatment was observed in the ESWL group (HR 1.60; 95% CI = 1.292−1.978; p < 0.001). Similarly, the PCNL group was also independently associated with a high chance of repeated treatment (HR 2.32; 95% CI = 1.616−3.329; p < 0.001). Furthermore, age, season, level of care, and Charlson comorbidities index (CCI) should always be taken into consideration as effect factors that are highly correlated with repeated treatment rates.
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Sassanarakkit S, Hadpech S, Thongboonkerd V. Theranostic roles of machine learning in clinical management of kidney stone disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 21:260-266. [PMID: 36544469 PMCID: PMC9755239 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common illness caused by deposition of solid minerals formed inside the kidney. The disease prevalence varies, based on sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, genetic, gender, age, environmental and climatic factors, but has been continuously increasing worldwide. KSD is a highly recurrent disease, and the recurrence rate is about 11% within two years after the stone removal. Recently, machine learning has been widely used for KSD detection, stone type prediction, determination of appropriate treatment modality and prediction of therapeutic outcome. This review provides a brief overview of KSD and discusses how machine learning can be applied to diagnostics, therapeutics and prognostics in clinical management of KSD for better therapeutic outcome.
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Xu JZ, Li C, Xia QD, Lu JL, Wan ZC, Hu L, Lv YM, Lei XM, Guan W, Xun Y, Wang SG. Sex disparities and the risk of urolithiasis: a large cross-sectional study. Ann Med 2022; 54:1627-1635. [PMID: 35675329 PMCID: PMC9196832 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2085882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in urology, with a lifetime prevalence of 14% and is more prevalent in males compared to females. We designed to explore sex disparities in the Chinese population to provide evidence for prevention measures and mechanisms of stone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 98232 Chinese individuals who had undergone a comprehensive examination in 2017 were included. Fully adjusted odds ratios for kidney stones were measured using restricted cubic splines. Multiple imputations was applied for missing values. Propensity score matching was utilised for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Among the 98232 included participants, 42762 participants (43.53%) were females and 55470 participants (56.47%) were males. Patients' factors might cast an influence on the development of kidney stone disease distinctly between the two genders. A risk factor for one gender might have no effect on the other gender. The risk for urolithiasis in females continuously rises as ageing, while for males the risk presents a trend to ascend until the age of around 53 and then descend. CONCLUSIONS Patients' factors might influence the development of kidney stones distinctly between the two genders. As age grew, the risk to develop kidney stones in females continuously ascended, while the risk in males presented a trend to ascend and then descend, which was presumably related to the weakening of the androgen signals.Key messagesWe found that patients' factors might cast an influence on the development of kidney stone disease distinctly between the two sexes.The association between age and urolithiasis presents distinct trends in the two sexesThe results will provide evidence to explore the mechanisms underlying such differences can cast light on potential therapeutic targets and promote the development of tailored therapy strategies in prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhou Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Dong Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Lin Lu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Ce Wan
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Man Lv
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lei
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chamsuwan S, Buranakarl C, Angkanaporn K, Dissayabutra T, Chuaypen N, Pisitkun T, Kalpongnukul N. A urinary proteomic study in hypercalciuric dogs with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Vet World 2022; 15:2937-2944. [PMID: 36718335 PMCID: PMC9880843 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2937-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hypercalciuria is an important predisposing factor commonly found in humans and dogs with calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis. Calcium oxalate crystals can induce an inflammatory reaction that subsequently produces several proteins that have an inhibitory or stimulatory effect on stone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in urinary proteomic profiles between hypercalciuric CaOx stone dogs and hypercalciuric stone-free dogs (CaOx stone and control groups, respectively). Materials and Methods Seven dogs with hypercalciuric CaOx urolithiasis and breed-, sex-, and aged-matched controls with hypercalciuria were included in the study. Serum and urine samples were obtained from all dogs to analyze electrolytes. Urinary proteomic profiles were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Student's t-test was used to compare the differences between groups. Results Forty-nine urinary proteins were identified in the stone-free and CaOx stone groups, whereas 19 and 6 proteins were unique in the CaOx stone and stone-free groups, respectively. The urinary thrombomodulin level was significantly higher in the CaOx stone group (relative ratio = 1.8, p < 0.01) than in the stone-free group. Conclusion This study demonstrated that urinary proteomic profiles may be used as a candidate biomarker for urinary tract injury in CaOx urolithiasis in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumonwan Chamsuwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chollada Buranakarl
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Corresponding author: Chollada Buranakarl, e-mail: Co-authors: SC: , KA: , TD: , NC: , TP: , NK:
| | - Kris Angkanaporn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thasinas Dissayabutra
- Metabolic Disease in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Metabolic Disease in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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The advances of calcium oxalate calculi associated drugs and targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gadiyar N, Geraghty RM, Premakumar Y, Somani BK. Changes in Urine Composition and Risk of Kidney Stone Disease Following Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review over Last 2 Decades. Curr Urol Rep 2022; 23:279-295. [PMID: 36417046 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-022-01119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The association of kidney stone disease (KSD) and gastrointestinal (GI) surgery has been well established. With a rising obesity crisis, we wanted to see the correlation of urinary composition in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and their risk of KSD. The objective of this paper is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature to evaluate the changes in urinary composition and risk of KSD following bariatric surgery. RECENT FINDINGS A total of seven studies (2498 patients) underwent bariatric surgery with a mean age of 46.7 years and a male:female ratio of 1:3. The most popular bariatric surgery was the Roux-en-Y procedure. Meta-analysis of the studies showed that significant decrease in urinary calcium, citrate, and urate, and increase in urinary oxalate. There was also a nonsignificant volume reduction in the post-operative cohort. The decrease in urinary citrate and increase in urinary oxalate are both predisposing factors of stone formation. There is strong evidence that bariatric surgery results in significant changes in urine composition in keeping with the increased risk of developing KSD. This identifies useful therapeutic targets in the prophylactic management of patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Gadiyar
- General Surgery, Guys and St Thomas', London, UK
| | | | | | - Bhaskar K Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.
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Chen Y, Shen X, Li G, Yue S, Liang C, Hao Z. Association between aldehyde exposure and kidney stones in adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:978338. [PMID: 36299743 PMCID: PMC9589346 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.978338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution sources may play a key role in the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis, although the link between environmental aldehyde exposure and the incidence of nephrolithiasis is unclear. The researchers in this study set out to see whether adult kidney stone formation was linked to environmental aldehydes. We examined data from 10,175 adult participants over the age of 20 who took part in the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which was a cross-sectional research. A logistic regression model was employed in this work to examine the relationship between aldehyde exposure and kidney stones, machine learning was utilized to predict the connection of different parameters with the development of kidney stones, and a subgroup analysis was performed to identify sensitive groups. After controlling for all confounding variables, the results revealed that isopentanaldehyde, benzaldehyde, and hexanaldehyde were risk factors for kidney stone formation, with odds ratio (OR) of 2.47, 1.12, and 1.17, respectively, and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CI) of 1.15-5.34, 1.02-1.22, and 1.00-1.36. Kidney stones may be a result of long-term exposure to aldehydes, which may cause them to form. Environmental pollution-related aldehyde exposure might give a novel notion and direction for future study into the process of kidney stone production, even if the cause is yet unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xudong Shen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoxiang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shaoyu Yue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Chaozhao Liang
| | - Zongyao Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Zongyao Hao
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Yoodee S, Peerapen P, Plumworasawat S, Thongboonkerd V. Roles of heat-shock protein 90 and its four domains (N, LR, M and C) in calcium oxalate stone-forming processes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:454. [PMID: 35900595 PMCID: PMC9330963 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) has four functional domains, including NH2-terminal (N), charged linker region (LR), middle (M) and COOH-terminal (C) domains. In kidney stone disease (or nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), HSP90 serves as a receptor for calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which is the most common crystal to form kidney stones. Nevertheless, roles of HSP90 and its four domains in kidney stone formation remained unclear and under-investigated. We thus examined and compared their effects on COM crystals during physical (crystallization, growth and aggregation) and biological (crystal–cell adhesion and crystal invasion through extracellular matrix (ECM)) pathogenic processes of kidney stone formation. The analyses revealed that full-length (FL) HSP90 obviously increased COM crystal size and abundance during crystallization and markedly promoted crystal growth, aggregation, adhesion onto renal cells and ECM invasion. Comparing among four individual domains, N and C domains exhibited the strongest promoting effects, whereas LR domain had the weakest promoting effects on COM crystals. In summary, our findings indicate that FL-HSP90 and its four domains (N, LR, M and C) promote COM crystallization, crystal growth, aggregation, adhesion onto renal cells and invasion through the ECM, all of which are the important physical and biological pathogenic processes of kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor-SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor-SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sirikanya Plumworasawat
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor-SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor-SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Lee D, Lee PCW, Hong JH, Shin DM. Estrogen treatment reduced oxalate transporting activity and enhanced migration through the involvement of SLC26A6 in lung cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 82:105373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tesei D, Jewczynko A, Lynch AM, Urbaniak C. Understanding the Complexities and Changes of the Astronaut Microbiome for Successful Long-Duration Space Missions. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040495. [PMID: 35454986 PMCID: PMC9031868 DOI: 10.3390/life12040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During space missions, astronauts are faced with a variety of challenges that are unique to spaceflight and that have been known to cause physiological changes in humans over a period of time. Several of these changes occur at the microbiome level, a complex ensemble of microbial communities residing in various anatomic sites of the human body, with a pivotal role in regulating the health and behavior of the host. The microbiome is essential for day-to-day physiological activities, and alterations in microbiome composition and function have been linked to various human diseases. For these reasons, understanding the impact of spaceflight and space conditions on the microbiome of astronauts is important to assess significant health risks that can emerge during long-term missions and to develop countermeasures. Here, we review various conditions that are caused by long-term space exploration and discuss the role of the microbiome in promoting or ameliorating these conditions, as well as space-related factors that impact microbiome composition. The topics explored pertain to microgravity, radiation, immunity, bone health, cognitive function, gender differences and pharmacomicrobiomics. Connections are made between the trifecta of spaceflight, the host and the microbiome, and the significance of these interactions for successful long-term space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Tesei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Anna Jewczynko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - Anne M. Lynch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Camilla Urbaniak
- ZIN Technologies Inc., Middleburg Heights, OH 44130, USA
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Correspondence:
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Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine for the Management of Urolithiasis: A Review of Preclinical Evidence, Bioactive Compounds, and Molecular Mechanisms. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27062008. [PMID: 35335370 PMCID: PMC8949565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27062008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Urolithiasis (UL) involves the formation of stones in different parts of the urinary tract. UL is a health problem, and its prevalence has increased considerably in developing countries. Several regions use plants in traditional medicine as an alternative in the treatment or prevention of UL. Mexico has known about the role of traditional medicine in the management of urinary stones. Mexican traditional medicine uses plants such as Argemone mexicana L., Berberis trifoliata Hartw. ex Lindl., Costus mexicanus Liebm, Chenopodium album L., Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam., Eysenhardtia polystachya (Ortega) Sarg., Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. & Grev.) Spring, and Taraxacum officinale L. These plants contain different bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, flavonoids, phytosterols, saponins, furanochromones, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which could be effective in preventing the process of stone formation. Evidence suggests that their beneficial effects might be associated with litholytic, antispasmodic, and diuretic activities, as well as an inhibitory effect on crystallization, nucleation, and aggregation of crystals. The molecular mechanisms involving these effects could be related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Thus, the review aims to summarize the preclinical evidence, bioactive compounds, and molecular mechanisms of the plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the management of UL.
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Steenbeke M, De Buyzere ML, Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR. On the protein content of kidney stones: an explorative study. Acta Clin Belg 2021; 77:845-852. [PMID: 34743670 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2021.1999569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kidney stone formation is complex; urinary protein inhibitors play a major role in natural defense against stone formation. Using attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy of kidney stones, proteins are usually not quantified and often reported as 'organic matrix', for which there is little attention: treatment of urolithiasis is based on the nature of the major organic/inorganic stone compound. Literature no longer regards urinary proteins as innocent bystander, but highlights the role of proteins as urolithiasis modulators. We explored the potential significance of the protein content of kidney stones. METHODS 800 stones were analyzed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; spectra were corrected for protein content. The ratio of the amide I peak (1655 cm-1) divided by the maximum peak was calculated. A subgroup of stones (n = 43) was weighed; protein concentration was assayed. Kidney stone composition was taken into account when calculating protein concentration. Electrophoresis was implemented to investigate the protein bands. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to study the influence of various demographic variables (age, gender, stone type) on protein concentration. RESULTS Protein concentration showed a marked variation according to the stone composition. High relative protein content (>0.4% stone mass) was found in mixed calcium apatite/calcium oxalate dihydrate stones, mixed calcium oxalate dihydrate/calcium oxalate monohydrate/calcium apatite stones, and mixed calcium oxalate monohydrate/brushite stones, whereas lower protein percentages were found in cystine, urate, and calcium oxalate monohydrate stones. Protein concentration was dependent of the patient's age. CONCLUSION ATR-FTIR is a practical way for assessing protein concentration in kidney stones. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A: absorbance; as, asymmetric vibrations; ATR-FTIR, attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared; β, standardized regression coefficient; CAP, calcium apatite; COD, calcium oxalate dihydrate; COM, calcium oxalate monohydrate; CV, coefficient of variation; δ, bending vibrations; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IQR, interquartile range; IR, infrared; LOD, limit of detection; LOQ, limit of quantification; MIR, mid-infrared; N or n, amount; r, correlation; r2, coefficient of determination; s, symmetric vibrations; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error; THP, Tamm-Horsfall protein; UA, uric acid; V, stretching vibrations; VIF: variance inflation factor; ZnSe, zinc selenide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Steenbeke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc L. De Buyzere
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijn M. Speeckaert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Unit, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
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