51
|
Chen S, Li Y, Qian L, Deng S, Liu L, Xiao W, Zhou Y. A Review of the Clinical Characteristics and Novel Molecular Subtypes of Endometrioid Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668151. [PMID: 34150634 PMCID: PMC8210668 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers that has the highest mortality rate. Endometrioid ovarian cancer, a distinct subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, is associated with endometriosis and Lynch syndrome, and is often accompanied by synchronous endometrial carcinoma. In recent years, dysbiosis of the microbiota within the female reproductive tract has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, with some specific pathogens exhibiting oncogenic having been found to contribute to cancer development. It has been shown that dysregulation of the microenvironment and accumulation of mutations are stimulatory factors in the progression of endometrioid ovarian carcinoma. This would be a potential therapeutic target in the future. Simultaneously, multiple studies have demonstrated the role of four molecular subtypes of endometrioid ovarian cancer, which are of particular importance in the prediction of prognosis. This literature review aims to compile the potential mechanisms of endometrioid ovarian cancer, molecular characteristics, and molecular pathological types that could potentially play a role in the prediction of prognosis, and the novel therapeutic strategies, providing some guidance for the stratified management of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfeng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuebo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sisi Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Luwen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Lee SA, Lee KH, Kim H, Cho JY. METTL8 mRNA Methyltransferase Enhances Cancer Cell Migration via Direct Binding to ARID1A. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115432. [PMID: 34063990 PMCID: PMC8196784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of RNA modification in cancer has recently been highlighted. Methyltransferase like 8 (METTL8) is an enzyme and its role in mRNA m3C modification has barely been studied. In this study, we found that METTL8 expression was significantly up-regulated in canine mammary tumor and investigated its functional roles in the tumor process, including cancer cell proliferation and migration. METTL8 expression was up-regulated in most human breast cancer cell lines tested and decreased by Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor knockdown, suggesting that YY1 is a regulating transcription factor. The knockdown of METTL8 attenuated tumor cell growth and strongly blocked tumor cell migration. AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) was identified as a candidate mRNA by METTL8. ARID1A mRNA binds to METTL8 protein. ARID1A mRNA expression was not changed by METTL8 knockdown, but ARID1A protein level was significantly increased. Collectively, our study indicates that METTL8 up-regulated by YY1 in breast cancer plays an important role in cancer cell migration through the mRNA modification of ARID1A, resulting in the attenuation of its translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-02-880-1268; Fax: +82-02-886-1268
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Yachida N, Yoshihara K, Yamaguchi M, Suda K, Tamura R, Enomoto T. How Does Endometriosis Lead to Ovarian Cancer? The Molecular Mechanism of Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1439. [PMID: 33809880 PMCID: PMC8004227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological and histopathological studies support the notion that clear cell and endometrioid carcinomas derive from ovarian endometriosis. Accordingly, these histologic types are referred to as "endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer" (EAOC). Although the uterine endometrium is also considered an origin of endometriosis, the molecular mechanism involved in transformation of the uterine endometrium to EAOC via ovarian endometriosis has not yet been clarified. Recent studies based on high-throughput sequencing technology have revealed that cancer-associated gene mutations frequently identified in EAOC may exist in the normal uterine endometrial epithelium and ovarian endometriotic epithelium. The continuum of genomic alterations from the uterine endometrium to endometriosis and EAOC has been described, though the significance of cancer-associated gene mutations in the uterine endometrium or endometriosis remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the molecular characteristics of the uterine endometrium, endometriosis, and EAOC and discuss the molecular mechanism of cancer development from the normal endometrium through endometriosis in an effort to prevent EAOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; (N.Y.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (R.T.); (T.E.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Kim HI, Kim TH, Yoo JY, Young SL, Lessey BA, Ku BJ, Jeong JW. ARID1A and PGR proteins interact in the endometrium and reveal a positive correlation in endometriosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 550:151-157. [PMID: 33706098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disorder in which endometrial cells normally limited to the lining of the uterus proliferate outside the uterine cavity and can cause pelvic pain and infertility. ARID1A levels are significantly reduced in the eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis. Uterine specific Arid1a knock-out mice were infertile due to loss of epithelial progesterone receptor (PGR) signaling. However, the functional association of ARID1A and PGR in endometriosis has not been studied. We examined the expression patterns and co-localization of ARID1A and PGR in eutopic endometrium from women with and without endometriosis using immunostaining and Western blot analysis. ARID1A and PGR proteins co-localized in the epithelium during the proliferative and the early secretory phases. Our immunoprecipitation analysis and proximity ligation assay (PLA) revealed physical interaction between ARID1A and PGR-A but not PGR-B in the mouse and human endometrium. ARID1A levels positively correlated with PGR levels in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Our results bring new perspectives on the molecular mechanisms involved in endometrial receptivity and progesterone resistance in endometriosis. The interrelationship between ARID1A and PGR may contribute to explaining the non-receptive endometrium in endometriosis-related infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Im Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Jung-Yoon Yoo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA; Life Science Institute, Repure Life Science, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven L Young
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Bruce A Lessey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Pagliaroli L, Trizzino M. The Evolutionary Conserved SWI/SNF Subunits ARID1A and ARID1B Are Key Modulators of Pluripotency and Cell-Fate Determination. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:643361. [PMID: 33748136 PMCID: PMC7969888 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.643361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal development is a process that requires a fine-tuned control of cell fate and identity, through timely regulation of lineage-specific genes. These processes are mediated by the concerted action of transcription factors and protein complexes that orchestrate the interaction between cis-regulatory elements (enhancers, promoters) and RNA Polymerase II to elicit transcription. A proper understanding of these dynamics is essential to elucidate the mechanisms underlying developmental diseases. Many developmental disorders, such as Coffin-Siris Syndrome, characterized by growth impairment and intellectual disability are associated with mutations in subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler complex, which is an essential regulator of transcription. ARID1B and its paralog ARID1A encode for the two largest, mutually exclusive, subunits of the complex. Mutations in ARID1A and, especially, ARID1B are recurrently associated with a very wide array of developmental disorders, suggesting that these two SWI/SNF subunits play an important role in cell fate decision. In this mini-review we therefore discuss the available scientific literature linking ARID1A and ARID1B to cell fate determination, pluripotency maintenance, and organismal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pagliaroli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marco Trizzino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Selvam P, Hsiao MC, Omerza G, Bergeron D, Rowe S, Uvalic J, Soucy M, Peracchio M, Burns S, Meyers B, Prego M, Nie Q, Ananda G, Chandok H, Kelly K, Hesse A, Reddi HV. Mutation Yield of a Custom 212-Gene Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Solid Tumors: Clinical Experience of the First 260 Cases Tested Using the JAX ActionSeq™ Assay. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 24:103-111. [PMID: 31754995 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-019-00435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the positive yield rate of a custom 212-gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, the JAX ActionSeq™ assay, used in molecular profiling of solid tumors for precision medicine. METHODS We evaluated 261 cases tested over a 24-month period including cancers across 24 primary tissue types and report on the mutation yield in these cases. RESULTS Thirty-three of the 261 cases (13%) had no detectable clinically significant variants. In the remaining 228 cases (87%), we identified 550 clinically significant variants in 88 of the 212 genes, with four of fewer clinically significant variants being detected in 62 of 88 genes (70%). TP53 had the highest number of variants (125), followed by APC (47), KRAS (47), ARID1A (20), PIK3CA (20) and EGFR (18). There were 38 tier I and 512 tier II variants, with two genes having only a tier I variant, seven genes having both a tier I and tier II variant, and 79 genes having at least one tier II variant. Overall, the ActionSeq™ assay detected clinically significant variants in 42% of the genes included in the panel (88/212), 68% of which (60/88) were detected in more than one tumor type. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that of the genes with documented involvement in cancer, only a limited number are currently clinically significant from a therapeutic, diagnostic and/or prognostic perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shannon Rowe
- , 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shelbi Burns
- , 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | | | | | - Qian Nie
- , 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | | | | | - Kevin Kelly
- , 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Andrew Hesse
- , 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Chang YS, Tu SJ, Chen YC, Liu TY, Lee YT, Yen JC, Fang HY, Chang JG. Mutation profile of non-small cell lung cancer revealed by next generation sequencing. Respir Res 2021; 22:3. [PMID: 33407425 PMCID: PMC7789556 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision therapy for lung cancer requires comprehensive genomic analyses. Specific effects of targeted therapies have been reported in Asia populations, including Taiwanese, but genomic studies have rarely been performed in these populations. METHOD We enrolled 72 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, of whom 61 had adenocarcinoma, 10 had squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 had combined adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Whole-exome or targeted gene sequencing was performed. To identify trunk mutations, we performed whole-exome sequencing in two tumor regions in four patients. RESULTS Nineteen known driver mutations in EGFR, PIK3CA, KRAS, CTNNB1, and MET were identified in 34 of the 72 tumors evaluated (47.22%). A comparison with the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset showed that EGFR was mutated at a much higher frequency in our cohort than in Caucasians, whereas KRAS and TP53 mutations were found in only 5.56% and 25% of our Taiwanese patients, respectively. We also identified new mutations in ARID1A, ARID2, CDK12, CHEK2, GNAS, H3F3A, KDM6A, KMT2C, NOTCH1, RB1, RBM10, RUNX1, SETD2, SF3B1, SMARCA4, THRAP3, TP53, and ZMYM2. Moreover, all ClinVar pathogenic variants were trunk mutations present in two regions of a tumor. RNA sequencing revealed that the trunk or branch genes were expressed at similar levels among different tumor regions. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel variants potentially associated with lung cancer tumorigenesis. The specific mutation pattern in Taiwanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer may influence targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Siang-Jyun Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chen Yen
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Center for Precision Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Xu S, Tang C. The Role of ARID1A in Tumors: Tumor Initiation or Tumor Suppression? Front Oncol 2021; 11:745187. [PMID: 34671561 PMCID: PMC8521028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes encoding subunits of SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complexes are collectively mutated in 20% of all human cancers, among which the AT-rich interacting domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A, also known as BAF250a, B120, C1orf4, Osa1) that encodes protein ARID1A is the most frequently mutated, and mutations in ARID1A have been found in various types of cancer. ARID1A is thought to play a significant role both in tumor initiation and in tumor suppression, which is highly dependent upon context. Recent molecular mechanistic research has revealed that ARID1A participates in tumor progression through its effects on control of cell cycle, modulation of cellular functions such as EMT, and regulation of various signaling pathways. In this review, we synthesize a mechanistic understanding of the role of ARID1A in human tumor initiation as well as in tumor suppression and further discuss the implications of these new discoveries for potential cancer intervention. We also highlight the mechanisms by which mutations affecting the subunits in SWI/SNF complexes promote cancer.
Collapse
|
59
|
Liu Q, Weng QQ, Shen SF, Jiang T, Pan ZC, Lin MX, Lan YQ, Wang Y, Chen Q, Shi CM. AT-rich interactive domain1A determines sensitivity to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer cells. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:7540-7549. [PMID: 35117354 PMCID: PMC8798539 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease and its traditional histopathological classification is difficult to meet clinical needs. Oxaliplatin is an antitumor drug with high efficiency and low toxicity. Therefore, the insensitivity or secondary drug resistance of oxaliplatin to gastric cancer is vital for tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin after ARID1A (AT-rich interactive domain1A gene) gene silencing. Methods MGC-803 and AGS cells were selected as gastric cancer cells for study. ARID1A protein and mRNA expression was detected by Western blot and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The short hairpin RNA (shRNA) fragment of ARID1A gene silencing was constructed and introduced into gastric cancer cells. The cell proliferation activity was calculated using CCK8 and the IC50 was calculated. The flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis rate. The ability of cell invasion was detected by transwell method. Cells were treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin. Results The proliferation of gastric cancer cells was promoted by ARID1A gene silencing (P<0.01), the quantity of cells in S phase increased (P<0.05), and the invasive ability increased (P<0.05). After treatment with oxaliplatin at different concentrations, ARID1A gene silencing reduced the inhibition rate of oxaliplatin on gastric cancer cells and apoptosis rate (P<0.05), and increased IC 50 (P<0.01). Conclusions ARID1A gene silencing, a factor promoting proliferation of gastric cancer cells, would reduce the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin, which can provide a basis for the exploration of targeted drugs for individualized treatment of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Weng
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, China
| | - Song-Fei Shen
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Chi Pan
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xin Lin
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qin Lan
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Mei Shi
- Department of Oncology, Union Medical College Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Chang YH, Ding DC. A clear cancer cell line (150057) derived from human endometrial carcinoma harbors two novel mutations. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1058. [PMID: 33143664 PMCID: PMC7607743 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07567-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell lines are extremely useful for both basic and clinical research. Thus, establishing endometrial cancer cell lines with malignant histology is important. This study aimed to extensively characterize an endometrial clear cell carcinoma cell line. METHODS This cell line, named 150,057, was derived from the endometrial clear cell cancer of a 63-year-old woman. The morphology, chromosomes, chemosensitivity, tumor markers, xenotransplantation characteristics, and cancer-related genes of the cell line were characterized. RESULTS This cell line exhibited adequate growth, being passaged more than 70 times. The morphology of the cells was polygonal with a cobblestone-like appearance. Karyotyping of the cell line revealed a hypodiploid chromosomal number. 150057 cells expressed CA19-9 and CA125. The cell line was sensitive to doxorubicin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and cisplatin. After the cells were transplanted into the subcutaneous region of non-obese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency mice, they generated xenograft tumors with similar histology as the original tumor. A total of 59 somatic nucleotide mutations were identified in 25 of the 53 examined tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Two novel mutations were found in FGFR3 and ARID1A. CONCLUSION We established and characterized an endometrial clear cell carcinoma cell line that may be useful in carcinogenesis and treatment research for endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, No. 707, Chung-Yang Rd., Sec. 3, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Remodeling of the ARID1A tumor suppressor. Cancer Lett 2020; 491:1-10. [PMID: 32738271 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) has been widely accepted as a bona fide tumor suppressor due to its essential role in preventing tumorigenesis and tumor progression in both mouse and human contexts. ARID1A shows high mutation frequencies in both cancers and preneoplastic lesions. The loss of ARID1A expression in cancer cells leads to increases in cell proliferation, invasion and migration and reductions in cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity. The tumor-suppressive role of ARID1A is mainly attributed to its regulation of gene transcription, which can be induced either directly by chromatin remodeling or indirectly by affecting histone modifications. ARID1A also acts independently of its cardinal transcription-regulating mechanisms, which include interfering with protein-protein interactions. Interestingly, nonmutational mechanisms, such as regulation by DNA hypermethylation, microRNAs, and ubiquitinases/deubiquitinases, have provided another perspective on ARID1A inactivation in cancer. Since the critical tumor-suppressive role of ARID1A has been revealed, several studies have attempted to identify synthetic lethal targets with ARID1A mutation/inactivation as an alternative strategy for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
62
|
Song J, Le T, Hopkins L, Fung-Kee-Fung M, Jooya A, Lupe K, Gaudet M, Samant R. Treatment of Early Stage High-Risk Endometrioid-Type Endometrial Cancer and Patterns of Disease Relapse: A Retrospective Analysis. Adv Radiat Oncol 2020; 5:910-919. [PMID: 33083653 PMCID: PMC7557164 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A recently published randomized controlled trial has demonstrated that in patients with endometrial cancer with high-risk features, the addition of chemotherapy to radiation therapy, compared with radiation therapy alone, resulted in a significant improvement in failure-free survival. However, in the study, the effect of chemotherapy was limited to stage III patients, and the benefit was less pronounced in stage I and II patients. Our study aims to investigate the current practice of treatment and clinical outcomes in stage I high-risk endometrioid-type endometrial cancer. Methods and Materials A single-center retrospective study was conducted on patients with stage I high-risk endometrioid-type endometrial cancer without serous or clear cell features who have undergone hysterectomy between 1998 and 2015. Data on patients, tumor, and treatments were collected and correlated with clinical outcomes. Results A total of 1,572 patients with stage I disease were identified and 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected for final analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (range, 49-86 years) and median follow-up was 5.9 years. Among the entire cohort, 40 (87.0%) patients underwent adjuvant radiation therapy, of which 36 (78.2%) patients underwent external beam radiation therapy and 4 (8.7%) patients underwent vaginal brachytherapy. Two of the 40 patients who received adjuvant radiation therapy also received adjuvant chemotherapy. Six (13.0%) patients received no adjuvant treatment. Of the 46 patients, the cumulative risk of distant recurrence was 19.6%, and only 1 patient (2.2%) recurred within pelvis (perirectal lymph node). Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 73.1% and 80.1%, respectively. Conclusions Adjuvant radiation therapy in stage I endometrioid-type endometrial cancer patients with high-risk features resulted in high rates of locoregional disease control, and most recurrences occurred at distant sites. Effective systemic therapy may be indicated in this patient population to further reduce the risk of distant relapses and improve survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiheon Song
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tien Le
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Hopkins
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Saskatoon Cancer Center, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Alborz Jooya
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Krystine Lupe
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Gaudet
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Rajiv Samant
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Zhang K, Liu Y, Liu X, Du J, Wang Y, Yang J, Li Y, Liu C. Clinicopathological significance of multiple molecular features in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas. Pathology 2020; 53:179-186. [PMID: 33070954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the clinicopathological significance of multiple molecular features in undifferentiated and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (UDECs). Eighteen dedifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (DDECs) and three undifferentiated endometrial carcinomas (UECs) were collected. Polymerase-ε exonuclease domain mutations (POLE-EDM) were analysed by Sanger sequencing. SWI/SNF complex subunits, mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, p53, and PD-L1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The SWI/SNF complex was inactivated in half of the UDECs; variably combined with deficient MMR (dMMR), POLE-EDM, or p53 aberrance. Deficiencies in BRG1 and ARID1A were mutually exclusive (p<0.05) in DDECs. ARID1A defects were mostly (8/9) associated with dMMR and typically occurred simultaneously in both endometrioid and dedifferentiated components, whereas BRG1 defects were less frequently (3/7) combined with dMMR and were only observed in dedifferentiated cells. Two-thirds of the UDECs displayed dMMR, mainly caused by the MLH1 promotor methylation. Mutant p53 immunostaining was detected in accordant or subclonal patterns. All three POLE-EDM UDEC patients had stage IA disease with either dMMR or p53 abnormality. Strong positive signals for PD-L1 were mainly detected in dMMR samples. BRG1 defects may likely trigger the progression of dedifferentiation in UDECs by superimposing the pre-existing driver events or by initiating UECs de novo, whereas ARID1A inactivation is subordinate and may likely be secondary to dMMR. The biological behaviours of BRG1-intact UDECs were evaluated according to The Cancer Genome Atlas molecular classification; their driver events require further analysis. Exact molecular subtypes can be helpful for clinical management and treatment decisions for patients with UDEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- Department of Pathology, Women and Children Hospital, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Congrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
McCluggage WG, Stewart CJR. SWI/SNF-deficient malignancies of the female genital tract. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020; 38:199-211. [PMID: 32978032 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations and other molecular events involving subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex are common in a wide variety of malignancies, including those arising at various sites in the female genital tract. Endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas in the uterine corpus and ovary not uncommonly contain mutations in ARID1A and these also occur in other endometriosis-associated ovarian neoplasms such as seromucinous tumours. In these organs, mutations in SMARCA4, SMARCB1, ARID1A and ARID1B (with subsequent loss of corresponding protein expression as a reliable surrogate) are relatively common in undifferentiated carcinomas, including the undifferentiated component of dedifferentiated carcinoma. SMARCA4 mutations are extremely common (almost ubiquitous) in small cell carcinoma of the ovary of hypercalcaemic type (SCCOHT), occurring in about 98% of these neoplasms, often in association with epigenetic SMARCA2 loss. SMARCB1-deficient vulval neoplasms include epithelioid sarcoma and myoepithelial carcinoma, as well as related malignancies which defy easy classification. Recently the spectrum of SWI/SNF deficient female genital malignancies has been expanded to include SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated uterine sarcoma and mural nodules of anaplastic carcinoma in ovarian mucinous neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Glenn McCluggage
- Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Colin J R Stewart
- School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Wang T, Gao X, Zhou K, Jiang T, Gao S, Liu P, Zuo X, Shi X. Role of ARID1A in epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in breast cancer and its effect on cell sensitivity to 5‑FU. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1683-1694. [PMID: 33000179 PMCID: PMC7521577 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of function mutation of AT‑rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) often occurs in patients with breast cancer. It has been found that ARID1A knockout can enhance both the migratory activity of renal carcinoma cells and their sensitivity to therapeutic drugs by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, its mechanisms of action in breast cancer remain unclear. In the present study, immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) revealed that the expression of ARID1A in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues, and patients with a low ARID1A expression had a lower survival rate. ARID1A was expressed at low levels in breast cancer cells. In addition, siRNA targeting ARID1A (siARID1A) and ARID1A overexpression vector were transfected into MCF7 and MDA‑MB‑231 cells, respectively. Proliferation assay revealed that ARID1A silencing increased cell viability and partially reversed the inhibitory effects of 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) on the MCF7 cells, while ARID1A overexpression exerted an opposite effect on the MDA‑MB‑231 cells. ARID1A silencing promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, and partly reversed the inhibitory effects of 5‑FU on cell biological behaviors, while the overexpression of ARID1A further enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5‑FU on the cells. Furthermore, ARID1A regulated the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through EMT. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that ARID1A exerts an antitumor effect on breast cancer, and its overexpression can enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to 5‑FU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tangshun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Pengzhou Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Ximeng Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Bai S, Wei L, Bai X, Gong Z, Yang J, Wei S. FRBI suppresses carcinogenesis of uterine cancers by regulating expressions of FHIT, PTEN and ARID1A. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
67
|
Peng XQ, Dai SK, Li CP, Liu PP, Wang ZM, Du HZ, Teng ZQ, Yang SG, Liu CM. Loss of Arid1a Promotes Neuronal Survival Following Optic Nerve Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:131. [PMID: 32670021 PMCID: PMC7326083 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trauma or neurodegenerative diseases trigger the retrograde death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), causing an irreversible functional loss. AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), a subunit of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, has been shown to play crucial roles in cell homeostasis and tissue regeneration. However, its function in adult RGC regeneration remains elusive. Here, we show that optic nerve injury induces dynamic changes of Arid1a expression. Importantly, deleting Arid1a in mice dramatically promotes RGC survival, but insignificantly impacts axon regeneration after optic nerve injury. Next, joint profiling of transcripts and accessible chromatin in mature RGCs reveals that Arid1a regulates several genes involved in apoptosis and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Thus, our findings suggest modulation of Arid1a as a potential therapeutic strategy to promote RGC neuroprotection after damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Qian Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Fonseca PAS, Suárez-Vega A, Cánovas A. Weighted Gene Correlation Network Meta-Analysis Reveals Functional Candidate Genes Associated with High- and Sub-Fertile Reproductive Performance in Beef Cattle. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050543. [PMID: 32408659 PMCID: PMC7290847 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved reproductive efficiency could lead to economic benefits for the beef industry, once the intensive selection pressure has led to a decreased fertility. However, several factors limit our understanding of fertility traits, including genetic differences between populations and statistical limitations. In the present study, the RNA-sequencing data from uterine samples of high-fertile (HF) and sub-fertile (SF) animals was integrated using co-expression network meta-analysis, weighted gene correlation network analysis, identification of upstream regulators, variant calling, and network topology approaches. Using this pipeline, top hub-genes harboring fixed variants (HF × SF) were identified in differentially co-expressed gene modules (DcoExp). The functional prioritization analysis identified the genes with highest potential to be key-regulators of the DcoExp modules between HF and SF animals. Consequently, 32 functional candidate genes (10 upstream regulators and 22 top hub-genes of DcoExp modules) were identified. These genes were associated with the regulation of relevant biological processes for fertility, such as embryonic development, germ cell proliferation, and ovarian hormone regulation. Additionally, 100 candidate variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (INDELs)) were identified within those genes. In the long-term, the results obtained here may help to reduce the frequency of subfertility in beef herds, reducing the associated economic losses caused by this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. S. Fonseca
- Correspondence: (P.A.S.F.); (A.C.); Tel.: +1-519-824-4120 (ext. 56295) (A.C.)
| | | | - Angela Cánovas
- Correspondence: (P.A.S.F.); (A.C.); Tel.: +1-519-824-4120 (ext. 56295) (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
The Capacity of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells to Form Multicellular Structures Spontaneously along Disease Progression Correlates with Their Orthotopic Tumorigenicity in Immunosuppressed Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030699. [PMID: 32188032 PMCID: PMC7140084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have examined the biology, genetics, and chemotherapeutic response of ovarian cancer's solid component; its liquid facet, however, remains critically underinvestigated. Floating within peritoneal effusions known as ascites, ovarian cancer cells form multicellular structures, creating a cancer niche in suspension. This study explores the pathobiology of spontaneously formed, multicellular, ovarian cancer structures derived from serous ovarian cancer cells isolated along disease evolution. It also tests their capacity to cause peritoneal disease in immunosuppressed mice. Results stem from an analysis of cell lines representing the most frequently diagnosed ovarian cancer histotype (high-grade serous ovarian cancer), derived from ascites of the same patient at distinct stages of disease progression. When cultured under adherent conditions, in addition to forming cellular monolayers, the cultures developed areas in which the cells grew upwards, forming densely packed multilayers that ultimately detached from the bottom of the plates and lived as free-floating, multicellular structures. The capacity to form foci and to develop multicellular structures was proportional to disease progression at the time of ascites extraction. Self-assembled in culture, these structures varied in size, were either compact or hollow, irregular, or spheroidal, and exhibited replicative capacity and an epithelial nature. Furthermore, they fully recreated ovarian cancer disease in immunosuppressed mice: accumulation of malignant ascites and pleural effusions; formation of discrete, solid, macroscopic, peritoneal tumors; and microscopic growths in abdominal organs. They also reproduced the histopathological features characteristic of high-grade serous ovarian cancer when diagnosed in patients. The following results encourage the development of therapeutic interventions to interrupt the formation and/or survival of multicellular structures that constitute a floating niche in the peritoneal fluid, which in turn halts disease progression and prevents recurrence.
Collapse
|
70
|
Zhang W, Liu Y, Zhou X, Zhao R, Wang H. Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in gynecological cancer research. Clin Genet 2020; 97:827-834. [PMID: 32040210 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gynecological cancers pose a significant threat to women's health worldwide, with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer having high incidences. Current gynecological cancer treatment methods mainly include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy. The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology as a new therapeutic method has shown tremendous effect in the treatment of other cancers, promoting research on its potential therapeutic effect in gynecological cancer. In this article, we reviewed the current research status of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in gynecological cancer, focusing on the importance of studying the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9 in gynecological cancer treatment, thereby laying a foundation for further research on its clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Fang R, Pan R, Wang X, Liang Y, Wang X, Ma H, Zhou X, Xia Q, Rao Q. Inactivation of BRM/SMARCA2 sensitizes clear cell renal cell carcinoma to histone deacetylase complex inhibitors. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152867. [PMID: 32067803 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BRM, a key subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is an important tumor suppressor gene in multiple tumors. BRM is not mutated, but rather epigenetically silenced in a variety of tumor types, which is different from many anti-cancer genes. In addition, histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) inhibitors are known to reverse BRM silencing, but they also inactivate it via acetylation of its c-terminus. HDAC inhibitors have been reported to be effective at pharmacologically restoring BRM and thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth. But we do not know which HDAC inhibitor, if any, regulate BRM in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). By using seven types of HDAC inhibitors, we found that Pan-HDAC inhibitors restored BRM protein expression. Despite their ability to restore BRM expression, these HDAC inhibitors also blocked BRM function when present. However, after their removal, we observed that BRM expression remained elevated for several days, and during this period, BRM activity was detected. In addition, HDAC3 and HDAC9 regulate BRM expression and function, especially for HDAC3 inhibitor, RGFP966. Our study demonstrated that knockdown of BRM promoted RCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. RGFP966 inhibited the tumor progression of clear cell RCC by restoring BRM expression both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, HDAC3 is potential targets for clinical treatment, and our study provides a new approach for targeted therapy of BRM-negative clear cell RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Fang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Henghui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Qiuyuan Xia
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Qiu Rao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Chen Z, Zhu Y, Fan X, Liu Y, Feng Q. Upregulation of long non‑coding RNA CCEPR is associated with poor prognosis and contributes to the progression of ovarian cancer through regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1950-1958. [PMID: 32319633 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the expression of long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is altered in various types of cancer, which may prove beneficial for their use as biomarkers. Cervical carcinoma expressed PCNA regulatory lncRNA (CCEPR) is a recently identified lncRNA, which has an important role in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in cervical and bladder cancer; however, whether CCEPR is involved in the progression of ovarian cancer (OC) remains largely unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of CCEPR in OC and to investigate its biological roles. Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay was used to analyze cell proliferation, Transwell assay was used to assess invasion, flow cytometric analysis was used to analyze apoptosis, and western blotting was used to perform mechanistic studies. CCEPR expression levels were significantly elevated in OC tissues compared with adjacent non‑cancer tissues. Similarly, significant increases in CCEPR expression were observed in OC cell lines (SK‑OV‑3 and OVCAR‑3) compared with the ovarian surface epithelial cell line, HOSEpiC. The increased expression levels of CCEPR were associated with increased invasion, higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and a poorer overall survival rate. In vitro, the genetic silencing of CCEPR decreased the cell proliferation rate and invasive ability of OC cells, and promoted apoptosis. CCEPR‑silenced OC cells also demonstrated decreased expression levels of four proteins involved in the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway: Cyclin D1, β‑catenin, Myc and matrix metallopeptidase‑7. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that increased expression levels of CCEPR may predict poor prognosis in patients with OC and contribute to the progression of OC through regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Department of General Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Yingjun Zhu
- Department of General Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Department of General Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Yabo Liu
- Department of General Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Feng
- Department of General Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Precision medicine for ovarian clear cell carcinoma based on gene alterations. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:419-424. [PMID: 32020380 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-020-01622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a histological subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma prevalent in Asians. No clear therapeutic selection based on molecular profile has been implemented for this disease. Oncogenic PIK3CA mutation, which activates the PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, is a promising druggable alteration in OCCC. Recent studies by our group and others have identified the ARID1A mutation as another alteration linked to therapeutic selection based on synthetic lethality: deleterious ARID1A mutations, resulting in ARID1A deficiency, make OCCC cells sensitive to drugs targeting poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and EZH2, as well as to glutathione inhibitors. In addition, we recently obtained evidence that ARID1A-deficient OCCC could benefit from gemcitabine treatment. Precision medicine based on gene alteration profiling might improve the prognosis of OCCC patients.
Collapse
|
74
|
Malentacchi F, Turrini I, Sorbi F, Projetto E, Castiglione F, Vergoni F, Amunni G, Fambrini M, Petraglia F, Noci I, Pillozzi S. Identification of a Gene Panel for Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: a Possible Prognostic Value? Reprod Sci 2020; 27:592-598. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
75
|
Pejovic T, Thisted S, White M, Nezhat FR. Endometriosis and Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer (EAOC). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1242:73-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38474-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
76
|
Differential Expression of KRAS and SIRT1 in Ovarian Cancers with and Without Endometriosis. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:145-151. [PMID: 32046380 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating research shows that ovarian cancer progression can be influenced by both gene mutations and endometriosis. However, the exact mechanism at hand is poorly understood. In the current study, we explored the expression of KRAS and SIRT1, two genes previously identified as altered in endometriosis and ovarian cancer. Human endometrial samples were obtained from regularly cycling women with endometriosis, ovarian cancer, and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer between 18 and 50 of age undergoing hysterectomy, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The cytoplasmic expression of KRAS was low in eutopic endometrium from women without endometriosis or ovarian cancer; however, it was elevated in those who have been diagnosed with endometriosis, as well as ovarian cancer with or without the presence of endometriosis. Nuclear and cytoplasmic SIRT1 expression was also low within endometrium without either disease. However, nuclear SIRT1 expression was increased in those with endometriosis and ovarian cancer associated with endometriosis. Nuclear but not the cytoplasmic expression of SIRT1 correlated with KRAS expression in ovarian cancers associated with endometriosis. These results suggest roles of KRAS and SIRT1 in endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer. Cytoplasmic KRAS expression proves to be a key biomarker in both diseases, while nuclear SIRT1 may be a new biomarker specific to those with endometriosis and those with both endometriosis and ovarian cancer. Further research of these genes could aid in determining the pathogenesis of both diseases and help in clarifying the development of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
77
|
Szewczuk W, Szewczuk O, Czajkowski K, Grala B, Semczuk A. Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor concomitant with simple endometrial hyperplasia: a case study with selected immunohistochemistry. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519886984. [PMID: 31870196 PMCID: PMC7607058 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519886984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors are often associated with endometrial hyperplasia or even uterine cancer. Herein, we present a case report of a 65-year-old female patient who had undergone curettage of the uterine cavity several times due to abnormal and irregular uterine bleeding. Owing to recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding as well as ineffective pharmacological treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, the patient underwent a laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Owing to an enlarged right ovary with bluish color, intra-operative pathological examination was immediately performed. Surprisingly, an ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor was diagnosed, and the surgery was extended to pelvic lymphadenectomy and omentectomy. Immunohistochemical staining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, BAF250a/ARID1A, GPR30, SF-1/NR5A, and 1LRH-2E1/NR5A2) was also performed. In conclusion, in cases of recurrent vaginal bleeding concomitant with endometrial hyperplasia, the existence of rare ovarian tumors connected with extensive estrogenic stimulation must be taken into account. Immunostaining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, ARID1A, or GPR30) may help elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with the BAF250a/development of various ovarian/endometrial abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Szewczuk
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana Szewczuk
- IInd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czajkowski
- IInd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Grala
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Semczuk
- IInd Department of Gynecology, Lublin Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Munster P, Mita M, Mahipal A, Nemunaitis J, Massard C, Mikkelsen T, Cruz C, Paz-Ares L, Hidalgo M, Rathkopf D, Blumenschein G, Smith DC, Eichhorst B, Cloughesy T, Filvaroff EH, Li S, Raymon H, de Haan H, Hege K, Bendell JC. First-In-Human Phase I Study Of A Dual mTOR Kinase And DNA-PK Inhibitor (CC-115) In Advanced Malignancy. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10463-10476. [PMID: 31853198 PMCID: PMC6916675 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s208720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This first-in-human Phase I study investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamic profile, and preliminary efficacy of CC-115, a dual inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase and DNA-dependent protein kinase. Patients and Methods Patients with advanced solid or hematologic malignancies were enrolled in dose-finding and cohort expansion phases. In dose-finding, once-daily or twice-daily (BID) ascending oral doses of CC-115 (range: 0.5-40 mg/day) in 28-day continuous cycles identified the maximum-tolerated dose for cohort expansion in 5 specified tumor types. Twelve additional patients with mixed solid tumors participated in a bioavailability substudy. Results Forty-four patients were enrolled in the dose-finding cohort. Dose-limiting toxicity included thrombocytopenia, stomatitis, hyperglycemia, asthenia/fatigue, and increased transaminases. CC-115 10 mg BID was selected for cohort expansion (n=74) in which fatigue, nausea, and decreased appetite were the most frequent toxicities. Dose-proportional PK was found. CC-115 distributed to glioblastoma tissue (mean tumor/plasma concentration ratio: 0.713). Total exposure of CC-115 was similar under fasting and fed conditions. A patient with endometrial carcinoma remained in complete remission >4 years. Partial response (PR; n=2) and stable disease (SD; n=4) were reported in the bioavailability substudy; SD was reached in 53%, 22%, 21%, and 64% of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and castration-resistant prostate cancer, respectively. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma showed 38% PR and 25% SD. Conclusion CC-115 was well-tolerated, with toxicities consistent with mTOR inhibitors. Together with biomarker inhibition and preliminary efficacy, oral CC-115 10 mg BID is a promising novel anticancer treatment. Clinical trial registration NCT01353625.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Munster
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monica Mita
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Internal Medicine Medical Oncology Department, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amit Mahipal
- Mayo Clinic, Medical Oncology Department, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - John Nemunaitis
- University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hematology/Oncology Department, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Henry Ford Health System, Neurology Department, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Medical Oncology Department, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- University Hospital 12 de Octubre, CNIO, Universidad Complutense & Ciberonc, Medical Oncology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Oncology Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dana Rathkopf
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Blumenschein
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David C Smith
- University of Michigan, Urology Oncology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Barbara Eichhorst
- University Hospital of Cologne, Department I for Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim Cloughesy
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Neurology Department, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ellen H Filvaroff
- Celgene Corporation, Translational Development Department, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shaoyi Li
- Celgene Corporation, Department of Statistics, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - Heather Raymon
- Celgene Corporation, Department of Pharmacology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hans de Haan
- Celgene Corporation, Translational Development Department, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Hege
- Celgene Corporation, Translational Development Department, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Johanna C Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Drug Development Unit, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
De P, Dey N. Mutation-Driven Signals of ARID1A and PI3K Pathways in Ovarian Carcinomas: Alteration Is An Opportunity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225732. [PMID: 31731647 PMCID: PMC6888220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosome is a functionally dynamic structure. The dynamic nature of chromosome functionally connects it to almost every event within a cell, in health and sickness. Chromatin remodeling system acts in unison with the cell survival pathway in mediating a variety of cellular functions, including mitosis, differentiation, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis. In humans, the 16 SWI/SNF complexes are a class of nucleosome remodelers, and ARID1A, an epigenetic tumor suppressor, is a member of mammalian 17 chromatin remodeling complex, SWI/SNF. Alterations of chromatin remodeling system contribute to tumorigenic events in various cancers, including ovarian cancers. Oncogenic changes of genes of the PI3K pathway are one of the potential genetic determinants of ovarian carcinomas. In this review, we present the data demonstrating the co-occurrence of mutations of ARID1A and the PI3K pathway in our cohort of ovarian cancers from the Avera Cancer Institute (SD, USA). Taking into account data from our cohort and the cBioPortal, we interrogate the opportunity provided by this co-occurrence in the context of mutation-driven signals in the life cycle of a tumor cell and its response to the targeted anti-tumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip De
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
- VieCure, Greenwood Village, CO 80112, USA
| | - Nandini Dey
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Kim TH, Jeong JW. Proline-Rich Acidic Protein 1 (PRAP1) is a Target of ARID1A and PGR in the Murine Uterus. Dev Reprod 2019; 23:277-284. [PMID: 31660454 PMCID: PMC6812973 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2019.23.3.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
ARID1A and PGR plays an important role in embryo implantation and decidualization
during early pregnancy. Uterine specific Arid1a knockout
(Pgrcre/+Arid1af/f) mice
exhibit in non-receptive endometrium at day 3.5 of gestation (GD 3.5). In
previous studies, using transcriptomic analysis in the uterus of
Pgrcre/+Arid1af/f mice, we
identified proline-rich acidic protein 1 (PRAP1) as one of the
down-regulated genes by ARID1A in the uterus. In the present study, we performed
RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis to investigate the regulation of PRAP1
by ARID1A and determine expression patterns of PRAP1 in the uterus during early
pregnancy. During early pregnancy, PRAP1 expression was strong at day 0.5 of
gestation (GD 0.5) and then decreased at GD 3.5 in the epithelium and stroma.
After implantation, PRAP1 expression was remarkably reduced in the uterus.
However, the expression of PRAP1 at GD 3.5 was remarkably increased in the
Pgrcre/+Arid1a f/f mice.
To determine the ovarian steroid hormone regulation of PRAP1, we examined the
expression of PRAP1 in ovariectomized control,
Pgrcre/+Arid1af/f, and
progesterone receptor knock-out (PRKO) mice treated with progesterone. While
PRAP1 proteins were strongly expressed in the luminal and glandular epithelium
of control mice treated with vehicle, progesterone treatment suppressed the
expression of PRAP1. However, PRAP1 was not suppressed in both the
Pgrcre/+Arid1af/f and PRKO
mice compared to controls. Our results identified PRAP1 as a novel target of
ARID1A and PGR in the murine uterus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Kim
- Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Wang P, Sun S, Ma H, Sun S, Zhao D, Wang S, Liang X. Treating tumors with minimally invasive therapy: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 108:110198. [PMID: 31923997 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With high level of morbidity and mortality, tumor is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. Aiming to tackle tumor, researchers have developed a lot of strategies. Among these strategies, the minimally invasive therapy (MIT) is very promising, for its capability of targeting tumor cells and resulting in a small incision or no incisions. In this review, we will first illustrate some mechanisms and characteristics of tumor metastasis from the primary tumor to the secondary tumor foci. Then, we will briefly introduce the history, characteristics, and advantages of some of the MITs. Finally, emphasis will be, respectively, focused on an overview of the state-of-the-art of the HIFU-, PDT-, PTT-and SDT-based anti-tumor strategies on each stage of tumor metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Suhui Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huide Ma
- Ordos Center Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, 017000, China
| | - Sujuan Sun
- Ordos Center Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, 017000, China
| | - Duo Zhao
- Ordos Center Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, 017000, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Dyatlova AS, Lin'kova NS, Polyakova VO, Samoshkin NG, Kvetnoi IM. ARID1A, Prostaglandin E2, and Its Receptor as Possible Predictors of Malignant Transformation of the Endometrium in Endometriosis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:504-507. [PMID: 31494765 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04560-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We studied the expression of ARID1A, prostaglandin E2 synthase, and prostaglandin E2 receptor in the endometrium and ovarian, peritoneal, and intestinal endometrioid heterotopies in women with endometriosis of young and middle reproductive age. ARID1A protein is a tumor suppressor, its expression reduced in different types of cancer. Prostaglandin E2 synthase and prostaglandin E2 receptor are involved in the signaling cascade of inflammatory reactions presumably underlying the development of endometriosis. In endometrioid heterotopies, expression of ARID1A was reduced in 1.2-4.0 times, the expression of prostaglandin E2 synthase and prostaglandin E2 receptor was reduced in 2.9-5.2 times These findings suggest that ARID1A, prostaglandin E2 synthase, and prostaglandin E2 receptor can be used as predictors of malignant transformation of endometrioid heterotopies in women with endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Dyatlova
- Department of Biogerontology, Research Center St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N S Lin'kova
- Department of Biogerontology, Research Center St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russia. .,Department of Therapy, Geriatrics, and Anti-Age Medicine, Academy of Postgraduate Education, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V O Polyakova
- Department of Biogerontology, Research Center St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N G Samoshkin
- D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I M Kvetnoi
- Department of Biogerontology, Research Center St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russia.,D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
ARID1A and PI3-kinase pathway mutations in the endometrium drive epithelial transdifferentiation and collective invasion. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3554. [PMID: 31391455 PMCID: PMC6686004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ARID1A and PI3-Kinase (PI3K) pathway alterations are common in neoplasms originating from the uterine endometrium. Here we show that monoallelic loss of ARID1A in the mouse endometrial epithelium is sufficient for vaginal bleeding when combined with PI3K activation. Sorted mutant epithelial cells display gene expression and promoter chromatin signatures associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We further show that ARID1A is bound to promoters with open chromatin, but ARID1A loss leads to increased promoter chromatin accessibility and the expression of EMT genes. PI3K activation partially rescues the mesenchymal phenotypes driven by ARID1A loss through antagonism of ARID1A target gene expression, resulting in partial EMT and invasion. We propose that ARID1A normally maintains endometrial epithelial cell identity by repressing mesenchymal cell fates, and that coexistent ARID1A and PI3K mutations promote epithelial transdifferentiation and collective invasion. Broadly, our findings support a role for collective epithelial invasion in the spread of abnormal endometrial tissue. PIK3CA mutations and ARID1A loss co-exist in endometrial neoplasms. Here, the authors show that these co-mutations drive gene expression profiles correlated with differential chromatin accessibility and ARID1A binding in the endometrial epithelium, resulting in partial EMT and myometrial invasion.
Collapse
|
84
|
Ponandai-Srinivasan S, Andersson KL, Nister M, Saare M, Hassan HA, Varghese SJ, Peters M, Salumets A, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Lalitkumar PGL. Aberrant expression of genes associated with stemness and cancer in endometria and endometrioma in a subset of women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:1924-1938. [PMID: 30020448 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there molecular evidence for a link between endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers (EAOC)? STUDY ANSWER We identified aberrant gene expression signatures associated with malignant transformation in a small subgroup of women with ovarian endometriosis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of EAOC in women with ovarian endometriosis. However, the cellular and molecular changes leading to EAOC are largely unexplored. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION CD73+CD90+CD105+ multipotent stem cells/progenitors (SC cohort) were isolated from endometrium (n = 18) and endometrioma (n = 11) of endometriosis patients as well as from the endometrium of healthy women (n = 14). Extensive phenotypic and functional analyses were performed in vitro on expanded multipotent stem cells/progenitors to confirm their altered characteristics. Aberrant gene signatures were also validated in paired-endometrium and -endometrioma tissue samples from another cohort (Tissue cohort, n = 19) of endometriosis patients. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS Paired-endometrial and -endometriotic biopsies were obtained from women with endometriosis (ASRM stage III-IV) undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Control endometria were obtained from healthy volunteers. Isolated CD73+CD90+CD105+ SC were evaluated for the presence of known endometrial surface markers, colony forming efficiency, multi-lineage differentiation, cell cycle distribution and 3D-spheroid formation capacity. Targeted RT-PCR arrays, along with hierarchical and multivariate clustering tools, were used to determine both intergroup and intragroup gene expression variability for stem cell and cancer-associated markers, in both SC+ and tissue cohorts. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Isolated and expanded SC+ from both control and patient groups showed significantly higher surface expression of W5C5+, clonal expansion and 3D-spheroid formation capacity (P < 0.05) compared with SC-. The SC+ cells also undergo mesenchymal lineage differentiation, unlike SC-. Gene expression from paired-endometriosis samples showed significant downregulation of PTEN, ARID1A and TNFα (P < 0.05) in endometrioma compared with paired-endometrium SC+ samples. Hierarchical and multivariate clustering from both SC+ and tissue cohorts together identified 4 out of 30 endometrioma samples with aberrant expression of stem cell and cancer-associated genes, such as KIT, HIF2α and E-cadherin, altered expression ratio of ER-β/ER-α and downregulation of tumour suppressor genes (PTEN and ARID1A). Thus, we speculate that above changes may be potentially relevant to the development of EAOC. LARGE-SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION As the reported frequency of EAOC is very low, we did not have access to those samples in our study. Moreover, by adopting a targeted gene array approach, we might have missed several other potentially-relevant genes associated with EAOC pathogenesis. The above panel of markers should be further validated in archived tissue samples from women with endometriosis who later in life developed EAOC. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Knowledge gained from this study, with further confirmation on EAOC cases, may help in developing screening methods to identify women with increased risk of EAOC. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study is funded by the Swedish Research Council (2012-2844), a joint grant from Stockholm County and Karolinska Institutet (ALF), RGD network at Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet for doctoral education (KID), Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (IUT34-16), Enterprise Estonia (EU48695), Horizon 2020 innovation program (WIDENLIFE, 692065), European Union's FP7 Marie Curie Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways funding (IAPP, SARM, EU324509) and MSCA-RISE-2015 project MOMENDO (691058). All authors have no competing interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivignesh Ponandai-Srinivasan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin L Andersson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Territorial Health, Central Tuscany Healthcare, Piero Palagi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Nister
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Pathology/Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Merli Saare
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Halima A Hassan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suby J Varghese
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maire Peters
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tiigi 61b, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 8, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Parameswaran Grace Luther Lalitkumar
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Yang Y, Wang X, Yang J, Duan J, Wu Z, Yang F, Zhang X, Xiao S. Loss of ARID1A promotes proliferation, migration and invasion via the Akt signaling pathway in NPC. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4931-4946. [PMID: 31213911 PMCID: PMC6549766 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s207329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is a member of the switch/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin remodeling complex, which has been observed to be mutated in various tumors. The loss of ARID1A is reported to be frequently associated with PI3K/Akt pathway activation. Objective: The roles of ARID1A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have not been reported until now. The aim of this research was to explore the clinical significance and potential mechanism of ARID1A in NPC development and progression. Methods: ARID1A expression levels were investigated in human NPC tissues and cell lines. The effects of ARID1A knockdown on nasopharyngeal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated in vitro using CCK8, wound healing, transwell and flow cytometry assays. The expression of relevant proteins was evaluated by Western blot assays. Results: In this study, ARID1A was significantly downregulated in NPC tissues and cells. Furthermore, low ARID1A expression was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and poor survival in NPC patients. Depletion of endogenous ARID1A by siRNA promoted proliferation, migration and invasion in CNE1 and HNE1 cells. Additionally, ARID1A knockdown increased the phosphorylation of Akt in NPC cells. High levels of p-Akt were also observed in NPC biopsies and correlated with ARID1A downregulation. These results imply that the loss of ARID1A could activate Akt signaling. In addition, MK-2206 (a highly selective inhibitor of Akt) partially suppressed NPC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which were induced by ARID1A knockdown. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that ARID1A plays an essential role in modulating the Akt pathway, functions as a tumor suppressor in NPC and may be a potential target for NPC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingling Duan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Xiangya Medical College of South Central University, Changsha 413000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Alnafakh RAA, Adishesh M, Button L, Saretzki G, Hapangama DK. Telomerase and Telomeres in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:344. [PMID: 31157162 PMCID: PMC6533802 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres at the termini of human chromosomes are shortened with each round of cell division due to the “end replication problem” as well as oxidative stress. During carcinogenesis, cells acquire or retain mechanisms to maintain telomeres to avoid initiation of cellular senescence or apoptosis and halting cell division by critically short telomeres. The unique reverse transcriptase enzyme complex, telomerase, catalyzes the maintenance of telomeres but most human somatic cells do not have sufficient telomerase activity to prevent telomere shortening. Tissues with high and prolonged replicative potential demonstrate adequate cellular telomerase activity to prevent telomere erosion, and high telomerase activity appears to be a critical feature of most (80–90%) epithelial cancers, including endometrial cancer. Endometrial cancers regress in response to progesterone which is frequently used to treat advanced endometrial cancer. Endometrial telomerase is inhibited by progestogens and deciphering telomere and telomerase biology in endometrial cancer is therefore important, as targeting telomerase (a downstream target of progestogens) in endometrial cancer may provide novel and more effective therapeutic avenues. This review aims to examine the available evidence for the role and importance of telomere and telomerase biology in endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafah A A Alnafakh
- Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Meera Adishesh
- Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Button
- Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Saretzki
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dharani K Hapangama
- Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Wang H, Tang Z, Li T, Liu M, Li Y, Xing B. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout of ARID1A Promotes Primary Progesterone Resistance by Downregulating Progesterone Receptor B in Endometrial Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2019; 27:1051-1060. [PMID: 31072420 PMCID: PMC7848330 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15561873320465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medroxyprogesterone (MPA) is used for the conservative treatment of endometrial cancer. Unfortunately, progesterone resistance seriously affects its therapeutic effect. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the influence of deletion of AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) in progesterone resistance in Ishikawa cells. Ablation of ARID1A was conducted through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Acquired progesterone-resistant Ishikawa (Ishikawa-PR) cells were generated by chronic exposure of Ishikawa cells to MPA. The sensitivity of the parental Ishikawa, Ishikawa-PR, and ARID1A-deficient cells to MPA and/or LY294002 was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis. In addition, Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression levels of ARID1A, progesterone receptor B (PRB), and P-AKT. Both Ishikawa-PR and ARID1A knockout cells showed insensitivity to MPA, downregulation of PRB, and hyperphosphorylation of AKT compared to the parental Ishikawa cells. Pretreatment with LY294002 significantly enhanced the ability of MPA to suppress proliferation and to induce apoptosis in the parental and Ishikawa-PR cells via the inhibition of AKT activation and upregulation of PRB transcriptional activity. However, the PRB transcriptional activity and insensitivity to MPA were irreversible by LY294002 in ARID1A-deficient cells. Ablation of ARID1A is associated with low PRB expression, which serves an important role in primary progesterone resistance. Akt inhibition cannot rescue PRB or sensitize to MPA in ARID1A knockout cells. These findings suggest that ARID1A may act as a reliable biomarker to predict the response for the combination of AKT inhibitor and MPA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghua Tang
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Menglu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Baoling Xing
- Department of Pathology, Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nangjing Medical University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Jones BA, Varambally S, Arend RC. Histone Methyltransferase EZH2: A Therapeutic Target for Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 17:591-602. [PMID: 29726819 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females in the United States. There were an estimated 22,440 new cases and 14,080 deaths due to ovarian cancer in 2017. Most patients present with advanced-stage disease, revealing the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies targeting pathways of tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. While multiple genomic changes contribute to the progression of this aggressive disease, it has become increasingly evident that epigenetic events play a pivotal role in ovarian cancer development. One of the well-studied epigenetic modifiers, the histone methyltransferase EZH2, is a member of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and is commonly involved in transcriptional repression. EZH2 is the enzymatic catalytic subunit of the PRC2 complex that can alter gene expression by trimethylating lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27). In ovarian cancer, EZH2 is commonly overexpressed and therefore potentially serves as an effective therapeutic target. Multiple small-molecule inhibitors are being developed to target EZH2, which are now in clinical trials. Thus, in this review, we highlight the progress made in EZH2-related research in ovarian cancer and discuss the potential utility of targeting EZH2 with available small-molecule inhibitors for ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(3); 591-602. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bayley A Jones
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Rebecca C Arend
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Ünçel M, Diniz G, Aköz G, Ekin ZY, Sayhan S, Yardım S, Salimoğlu S. Loss of Nuclear ARID-1A Expressions Is Associated with Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Cancers. Eur J Breast Health 2019; 15:125-129. [PMID: 31001615 DOI: 10.5152/ejbh.2019.4677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Adenine thymine-rich interactive domain 1A (ARIDIA) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in chromatin remodeling and it encodes the ARIDIA protein. Recent studies have shown the loss of ARIDIA protein expression in different carcinomas may have a prognostic significance. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the interactions between ARIDIA loss and molecular subtypes of breast carcinomas. Materials and Methods ARIDIA expressions were studied in 292 formalin- fixed, paraffin- embedded breast carcinoma specimens and its association with different pathological and clinical parameters was evaluated. Results Loss of ARIDIA expression was detected in 123 cases. There was no statistically significant association between ARID-1A expression and molecular subtype of breast carcinomas (p=0.110) or HER2 amplification (p=0.909). Contrarily, there was a significant association between ARIDIA expression and presence of estrogen (p=0.047) or progesterone receptors (p=0.023). Besides a statistically significant relationship was found between loss of ARID1A, and the presence of both in situ component (p=0.016) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.001). Conclusion In this study, we have demonstrated that loss of ARID1A expression positively correlates with hormone receptor status as well as tumor aggressiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melek Ünçel
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gülden Diniz
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gamze Aköz
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zübeyde Yıldırım Ekin
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sevil Sayhan
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serdar Yardım
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Semra Salimoğlu
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lin M, Awalt H, Ayala AG, Ro JY. Clear cell carcinoma of testis: A review. Ann Diagn Pathol 2019; 40:26-29. [PMID: 30921621 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell Mullerian-type adenocarcinoma of the testis is an exceedingly rare entity, and its histogenesis and clinical behavior are still poorly understood. We discuss three cases of clear cell carcinoma of the testis, compiled from a review of the literature and our personal experience. Microscopically, the tumors closely resembled clear cell carcinoma of the ovary, displaying papillae lined by clear cells with areas of hobnailing. The reported immunophenotypic features were also similar to that of ovarian tumors, as positivity for epithelial markers (CK7, CAM5.2, AE1/AE3, EMA) and Mullerian markers (PAX8, CA125) with negativity for estrogen and progesterone receptors have been observed. The pathogenesis of testicular clear cell carcinoma is still poorly understood, with reported cases displaying evidence of both mesothelial and Mullerian origin. In addition, molecular characterization of testicular clear cell carcinomas has yet to be accomplished; however, studies performed on ovarian clear cell carcinomas may provide insight to the origin, biologic behavior, and potential therapeutic modalities for this obscure, aggressive malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lin
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Hazel Awalt
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Alberto G Ayala
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jae Y Ro
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Han L, Madan V, Mayakonda A, Dakle P, Woon TW, Shyamsunder P, Nordin HBM, Cao Z, Sundaresan J, Lei I, Wang Z, Koeffler HP. Chromatin remodeling mediated by ARID1A is indispensable for normal hematopoiesis in mice. Leukemia 2019; 33:2291-2305. [PMID: 30858552 PMCID: PMC6756219 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Precise regulation of chromatin architecture is vital to physiological processes including hematopoiesis. ARID1A is a core component of the mammalian SWI/SNF complex, which is one of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. To uncover the role of ARID1A in hematopoietic development, we utilized hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of Arid1a in mice. We demonstrate that ARID1A is essential for maintaining the frequency and function of hematopoietic stem cells and its loss impairs the differentiation of both myeloid and lymphoid lineages. ARID1A deficiency led to a global reduction in open chromatin and ensuing transcriptional changes affected key genes involved in hematopoietic development. We also observed that silencing of ARID1A affected ATRA-induced differentiation of NB4 cells, suggesting its role in granulocytic differentiation of human leukemic cells. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive elucidation of the function of ARID1A in hematopoiesis and highlights the central role of ARID1A-containing SWI/SNF complex in maintaining chromatin dynamics in hematopoietic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vikas Madan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anand Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pushkar Dakle
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Teoh Weoi Woon
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Zeya Cao
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Janani Sundaresan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Wadee R, Grayson W. A potpourri of pathogenetic pathways in endometrial carcinoma with a focus on Lynch Syndrome. Ann Diagn Pathol 2019; 39:92-104. [PMID: 30798077 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is the most frequently occurring female genital tract malignancy in developed nations, with a rising annual incidence. Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC), the most common histological variant, differs in morphologic and molecular characteristics from serous carcinomas but morphological distinction of high-grade EECs from serous carcinomas may prove difficult. Thus, molecular categorization of tumors may allow for better tumor classification with greater insight into the underlying biology of endometrial carcinomas with new therapeutic options. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a commonly occurring molecular aberration in EECs and has been identified in most Lynch Syndrome (LS) associated tumors. This tumor syndrome predisposes afflicted individuals to a myriad of tumors including endometrial carcinoma. Herein, the molecular signature of endometrial tumors as well as LS, and its clinical manifestations are reviewed. Understanding of the pathogenetic pathways allows for greater comprehension of occurrences at a molecular level which are then appreciated at a cellular and tissue level, by the histopathologist. The molecular classification of endometrial tumors allows for further targeted therapeutic options for affected patients. Screening tests for patients with suspected LS enables surveillance of other tumors in the affected patient and her family with the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality. It is envisioned that this overview will allow for enhanced comprehension of genetic pathways by practicing pathologists, oncologists, gynecologists and other members of the multidisciplinary team, all of whom are involved in the management of the patient with an endometrial malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reubina Wadee
- University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), South Africa.
| | - Wayne Grayson
- University of the Witwatersrand, Ampath National Laboratories, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Mortalin is a distinct bio-marker and prognostic factor in serous ovarian carcinoma. Gene 2019; 696:63-71. [PMID: 30776464 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on mortalin expression and its relevance to the prognosis in serous ovarian carcinoma, mortalin modulated cell malignant proliferation and EMT progression via Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. In this study, data obtained from Oncomine database, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) analysis and Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to assess the expression of mortalin in serous ovarian carcinoma. The prognostic value of mortalin was analyzed using Meier plotter database and Kaplan-Meier. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) assay, immunofluorescence (IF) staining, and colony formation assay were used to detect cell reproductive capacity. SK-OV-3 cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were measured by wound-healing, migration and western-blot assays. Data from Oncomine showed that mortalin was highly expressed in serous ovarian carcinomas compared with corresponding normal controls. Similar results were found in CCLE analysis and in clinical specimens. High mortalin expression was associated with high histological grade and worse overall survival (OS) rate. The results of MTT analyses, IF staining, and colony formation assay indicated that MKT-077 (1-Ethyl-2-[[3-ethyl-5-(3-methyl-2(3H)-benzothiazolylidene)-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinylidene] methyl]-pyridinium chloride) suppressed the viability of SK-OV-3 cells. Besides, mortalin suppression restrained cell EMT progression by Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Taken together, mortalin is over-expressed in serous ovarian carcinoma. High mortalin expression could be a candidate for the prognostic indicator and a biomarker in serous ovarian carcinoma.
Collapse
|
94
|
Elsherif SB, Faria SC, Lall C, Iyer R, Bhosale PR. Ovarian Cancer Genetics and Implications for Imaging and Therapy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2019; 43:835-845. [DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
95
|
Salazar C, Campbell IG, Gorringe KL. When Is "Type I" Ovarian Cancer Not "Type I"? Indications of an Out-Dated Dichotomy. Front Oncol 2018; 8:654. [PMID: 30627526 PMCID: PMC6309131 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dualistic classification of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) into “type I” and “type II” is widely applied in the research setting; it is used as a convenient way of conceptualizing different mechanisms of tumorigenesis. However, this classification conflicts with recent molecular insights of the etiology of EOC. Molecular and cell of origin studies indicate that while type II tumors could be classed together, type I tumors are not homogenous, even within the histological types, and can have poor clinical outcomes. Type II high grade serous carcinoma and type I low grade serous carcinomas best fit the description of the dualistic model, with different precursors, and distinct molecular profiles. However, endometriosis-associated cancers should be considered a separate group, without assuming an indolent course or type I genetic profiles. Furthermore, the very clear differences between mucinous ovarian carcinomas and other type I tumors, including an uncertain origin, and heterogeneous mutational spectrum and clinical behavior, indicate a non-type I classification for this entity. The impression that only type II carcinomas are aggressive, have poor prognosis, and carry TP53 mutations is an unhelpful misinterpretation of the dualistic classification. In this review, we revisit the history of EOC classification, and discuss the misunderstanding of the dualistic model by comparing the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of EOC types. We also emphasize that all EOC research, both basic and clinical, should consider the subtypes as different diseases beyond the type I/type II model, and base novel therapies on the molecular characteristics of each tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Salazar
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Eskander RN. The Epigenetic Landscape in the Treatment of Gynecologic Malignancies. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2018; 38:480-487. [PMID: 30231335 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The care of patients with advanced-stage or recurrent endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer remains clinically challenging. Despite the identification of novel therapeutics and advancements in supportive care, survival outcomes have been relatively unchanged over the past decade. In addition to established genomic alterations and the contributions of the tumor microenvironment to cancer progression, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as important contributors to gynecologic cancer progression. DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA expression may be important contributors to disease initiation and progression and may represent novel therapeutic targets. This article reviews the epigenetic landscape of endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer, describing the state of the science and discussing potential clinical applications. To date, the role of epigenetic drugs in the treatment of gynecologic cancers remains unclear, although continued progress may inform future treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramez N Eskander
- From the Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Malignant ascites occurs most often in patients with high-grade serous papillary ovarian cancer at initial diagnosis: a retrospective analysis of 191 women treated at Bayreuth Hospital, 2006-2015. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 299:515-523. [PMID: 30415435 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant ascites often develops in patients with ovarian cancer, but there is a lack of more detailed characterization of the different histological subtypes. METHODS Ascites specimens from patients with ovarian cancer who were treated at Bayreuth Hospital from 2006 to 2015, with follow-up until December 2016, were reevaluated retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 191 women (mean age 64 years, range 48-79) were included, of whom 180 (94.2%) had carcinoma, three (1.6%) had malignant mixed müllerian tumors (MMMTs), four (2.1%) had sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs), three (1.6%) had germ cell tumors (GCTs), and one (0.5%) had a sarcoma. The carcinoma group comprised 134 (70.1%) patients with high-grade serous papillary ovarian cancer, 17 (8.9%) with low-grade serous papillary ovarian cancer, 10 (5.3%) with mucinous carcinomas, nine (4.7%) with endometrioid carcinomas, six (3.1%) with clear cell carcinomas, and four (2.1%) with neuroendocrine tumors. The latter group consisted of two patients with mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine tumors (MiNENs), one with only a small cell carcinoma (SCCO), and one with a mucinous carcinoid. The noncarcinomatous group of eight patients (4.2%) included three (1.6%) with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and mature cystic teratoma (MCT), one (0.5%) with a granulosa cell tumor, and one with a leiomyosarcoma. A statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with malignant ascites was observed, at 17.7% (3/17) in those with low-grade serous papillary ovarian cancer and 91.8% (123/134) in those with high-grade serous papillary ovarian carcinomas. In both patients with MiNEN, the glandular tumor cell component was found in the ascites. Tumor cells were found in the ascitic fluid in 50% (5/10) of patients with mucinous ovarian carcinomas, 16.7% (1/6) of those with clear cell carcinomas, and 33.3% (1/3) of those with MMMTs. The two patients (2/3; 66.7%) with neoplastic squamous cell components in MCT and the only patient with a granulosa cell tumor in the SCST group (1/4; 25%) had malignant cell populations in the ascites, whereas patients with endometrioid cell carcinoma and leiomyosarcoma lacked tumor cells in the ascites. The malignant ascites was detected at the initial diagnosis in all 138 (100%) patients with ovarian neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS High-grade serous papillary ovarian cancer was the main histological subtype most frequently found in ascites fluid in this series. The significant difference (P < 0.00001) in the malignancy rate in comparison with low-grade serous papillary carcinoma confirms the histological distinction between the two entities. Initial evidence of ovarian cancer in ascites fluid allows correct primary diagnosis in cytology specimens and is important for staging and prognosis.
Collapse
|
98
|
Libera L, Craparotta I, Sahnane N, Chiaravalli AM, Mannarino L, Cerutti R, Riva C, Marchini S, Furlan D. Targeted gene sequencing of Lynch syndrome–related and sporadic endometrial carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2018; 81:235-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
99
|
Wang X, Li X, Wang T, Wu SP, Jeong JW, Kim TH, Young SL, Lessey BA, Lanz RB, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ. SOX17 regulates uterine epithelial-stromal cross-talk acting via a distal enhancer upstream of Ihh. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4421. [PMID: 30356064 PMCID: PMC6200785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian pregnancy depends on the ability of the uterus to support embryo implantation. Previous studies reveal the Sox17 gene as a downstream target of the Pgr-Gata2-dependent transcription network that directs genomic actions in the uterine endometrium receptive for embryo implantation. Here, we report that ablating Sox17 in the uterine epithelium impairs leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Indian hedgehog homolog (IHH) signaling, leading to failure of embryo implantation. In vivo deletion of the SOX17-binding region 19 kb upstream of the Ihh locus by CRISPR-Cas technology reduces Ihh expression specifically in the uterus and alters proper endometrial epithelial-stromal interactions, thereby impairing pregnancy. This SOX17-binding interval is also bound by GATA2, FOXA2, and PGR. This cluster of transcription factor binding is common in 737 uterine genes and may represent a key regulatory element essential for uterine epithelial gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Wang
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xilong Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jae-Wook Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Steven L Young
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bruce A Lessey
- Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Rainer B Lanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Development Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
|