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Daniele TMDC, de Bruin PFC, Rios ERV, de Bruin VMS. Effects of exercise on depressive behavior and striatal levels of norepinephrine, serotonin and their metabolites in sleep-deprived mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 332:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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52
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Motomura Y, Kitamura S, Nakazaki K, Oba K, Katsunuma R, Terasawa Y, Hida A, Moriguchi Y, Mishima K. Recovery from Unrecognized Sleep Loss Accumulated in Daily Life Improved Mood Regulation via Prefrontal Suppression of Amygdala Activity. Front Neurol 2017; 8:306. [PMID: 28713328 PMCID: PMC5491935 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many modern people suffer from sleep debt that has accumulated in everyday life but is not subjectively noticed [potential sleep debt (PSD)]. Our hypothesis for this study was that resolution of PSD through sleep extension optimizes mood regulation by altering the functional connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Fifteen healthy male participants underwent an experiment consisting of a baseline (BL) evaluation followed by two successive interventions, namely, a 9-day sleep extension followed by one night of total sleep deprivation (TSD). Tests performed before and after the interventions included a questionnaire on negative mood and neuroimaging with arterial spin labeling MRI for evaluating regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and functional connectivity. Negative mood and amygdala rCBF were significantly reduced after sleep extension compared with BL. The amygdala had a significant negative functional connectivity with the medial prefrontal cortex (FCamg-MPFC), and this negative connectivity was greater after sleep extension than at BL. After TSD, these indices reverted to the same level as at BL. An additional path analysis with structural equation modeling showed that the FCamg-MPFC significantly explained the amygdala rCBF and that the amygdala rCBF significantly explained the negative mood. These findings suggest that the use of our sleep extension protocol normalized amygdala activity via negative amygdala-MPFC functional connectivity. The resolution of unnoticed PSD may improve mood by enhancing frontal suppression of hyperactivity in the amygdala caused by PSD accumulating in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Motomura
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Kitamura
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakazaki
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oba
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Medical Neuroimage Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ruri Katsunuma
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Terasawa
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akiko Hida
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Moriguchi
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- (The work was performed in this institution) Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
How does a lack of sleep affect our brains? In contrast to the benefits of sleep, frameworks exploring the impact of sleep loss are relatively lacking. Importantly, the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) do not simply reflect the absence of sleep and the benefits attributed to it; rather, they reflect the consequences of several additional factors, including extended wakefulness. With a focus on neuroimaging studies, we review the consequences of SD on attention and working memory, positive and negative emotion, and hippocampal learning. We explore how this evidence informs our mechanistic understanding of the known changes in cognition and emotion associated with SD, and the insights it provides regarding clinical conditions associated with sleep disruption.
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54
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Kelly MR, Killgore WDS, Haynes PL. Understanding Recent Insights in Sleep and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-016-0056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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55
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Regen W, Kyle SD, Nissen C, Feige B, Baglioni C, Hennig J, Riemann D, Spiegelhalder K. Objective sleep disturbances are associated with greater waking resting-state connectivity between the retrosplenial cortex/ hippocampus and various nodes of the default mode network. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2016; 41:295-303. [PMID: 26809225 PMCID: PMC5008918 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.140290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological models highlight the bidirectional role of self-referential processing, introspection, worry and rumination in the development and maintenance of insomnia; however, little is known about the underlying neural substrates. Default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity has been previously linked to these cognitive processes. METHODS We used fMRI to investigate waking DMN functional connectivity in a well-characterized sample of patients with primary insomnia (PI) and good sleeper controls. RESULTS We included 20 patients with PI (8 men and 12 women, mean age 42.7 ± 13.4 yr) and 20 controls (8 men and 12 women, mean age 44.1 ± 10.6 yr) in our study. While no between-group differences in waking DMN connectivity were observed, exploratory analyses across all participants suggested that greater waking connectivity between the retrosplenial cortex/hippocampus and various nodes of the DMN was associated with lower sleep efficiency, lower amounts of rapid eye movement sleep and greater sleep-onset latency. LIMITATIONS Owing to the cross-sectional nature of the study, conclusions about causality cannot be drawn. CONCLUSION As sleep disturbances represent a transdiagnostic symptom that is characteristic of nearly all psychiatric disorders, our results may hold particular relevance to previous findings of increased DMN connectivity levels in patients with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Correspondence to: K. Spiegelhalder, University Medical Center Freiburg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
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56
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Abstract
Thalamocortical connectivity is believed to underlie basic alertness, motor, sensory information processing, and attention processes. This connectivity appears to be disrupted by total sleep deprivation, but it is not known whether it is affected by normal variations in general daytime sleepiness in nonsleep deprived persons. Healthy adult participants completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and underwent resting-state functional MRI. Functional connectivity between the thalamus and other regions of the cortex was examined and correlated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores. Greater sleepiness was associated with inverse (i.e. lower or more negative) connectivity between the bilateral thalamus and cortical regions involved in somatosensory and motor functions, potentially reflecting the disengagement of sensory and motor processing from the stream of consciousness.
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57
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Reidy BL, Hamann S, Inman C, Johnson KC, Brennan PA. Decreased sleep duration is associated with increased fMRI responses to emotional faces in children. Neuropsychologia 2016; 84:54-62. [PMID: 26821063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In adults and children, sleep loss is associated with affective dysregulation and increased responsivity to negative stimuli. Adult functional neuroimaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated associations between restricted sleep and neural alterations in the amygdala and reward circuitry when viewing emotional picture and face stimuli. Despite this, few studies have examined the associations between short sleep duration and emotional responsivity in typically developing children, and no studies have investigated this relationship using fMRI. The current study examined the relationship between sleep duration and fMRI activation to emotional facial expressions in 15 male children (ages 7-11 years). During fMRI scanning, subjects viewed and made perceptual judgments regarding negative, neutral, and positive emotional faces. Maternal reported child sleep duration was negatively associated with (a) activation in the bilateral amygdala, left insula, and left temporal pole activation when viewing negative (i.e., fearful, disgust) vs. neutral faces, (b) right orbitofrontal and bilateral prefrontal activation when viewing disgust vs. neutral faces, and (c) bilateral orbitofrontal, right anterior cingulate, and left amygdala activation when viewing happy vs. neutral faces. Consistent with our prediction, we also noted that emotion-dependent functional connectivity between the bilateral amygdala and prefrontal cortex, cingulate, fusiform, and occipital cortex was positively associated with sleep duration. Paralleling similar studies in adults, these findings collectively suggest that decreased sleep duration in school-aged children may contribute to enhanced reactivity of brain regions involved in emotion and reward processing, as well as decreased emotion-dependent functional connectivity between the amygdala and brain regions associated with emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Reidy
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stephan Hamann
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cory Inman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Katrina C Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Patricia A Brennan
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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58
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Chu S, McNeill K, Ireland JL, Qurashi I. Facial emotion recognition and sleep in mentally disordered patients: A natural experiment in a high security hospital. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:725-7. [PMID: 26456893 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between a change in sleep quality and facial emotion recognition accuracy in a group of mentally-disordered inpatients at a secure forensic psychiatric unit. Patients whose sleep improved over time also showed improved facial emotion recognition while patients who showed no sleep improvement showed no change in emotion recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Chu
- Ashworth Research Centre, Ashworth Hospital, Mersey Care NHS Trust, Maghull L31 1HW, UK; School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Kimberley McNeill
- Ashworth Research Centre, Ashworth Hospital, Mersey Care NHS Trust, Maghull L31 1HW, UK; School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Jane L Ireland
- Ashworth Research Centre, Ashworth Hospital, Mersey Care NHS Trust, Maghull L31 1HW, UK; School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Inti Qurashi
- Ashworth Research Centre, Ashworth Hospital, Mersey Care NHS Trust, Maghull L31 1HW, UK
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59
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Social interactions, emotion and sleep: A systematic review and research agenda. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 24:83-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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60
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Linking Sleep Disturbance and Maladaptive Repetitive Thought: The Role of Executive Function. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-015-9713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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61
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Pace-Schott EF, Germain A, Milad MR. Sleep and REM sleep disturbance in the pathophysiology of PTSD: the role of extinction memory. BIOLOGY OF MOOD & ANXIETY DISORDERS 2015; 5:3. [PMID: 26034578 PMCID: PMC4450835 DOI: 10.1186/s13587-015-0018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is accompanied by disturbed sleep and an impaired ability to learn and remember extinction of conditioned fear. Following a traumatic event, the full spectrum of PTSD symptoms typically requires several months to develop. During this time, sleep disturbances such as insomnia, nightmares, and fragmented rapid eye movement sleep predict later development of PTSD symptoms. Only a minority of individuals exposed to trauma go on to develop PTSD. We hypothesize that sleep disturbance resulting from an acute trauma, or predating the traumatic experience, may contribute to the etiology of PTSD. Because symptoms can worsen over time, we suggest that continued sleep disturbances can also maintain and exacerbate PTSD. Sleep disturbance may result in failure of extinction memory to persist and generalize, and we suggest that this constitutes one, non-exclusive mechanism by which poor sleep contributes to the development and perpetuation of PTSD. Also reviewed are neuroendocrine systems that show abnormalities in PTSD, and in which stress responses and sleep disturbance potentially produce synergistic effects that interfere with extinction learning and memory. Preliminary evidence that insomnia alone can disrupt sleep-dependent emotional processes including consolidation of extinction memory is also discussed. We suggest that optimizing sleep quality following trauma, and even strategically timing sleep to strengthen extinction memories therapeutically instantiated during exposure therapy, may allow sleep itself to be recruited in the treatment of PTSD and other trauma and stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F. Pace-Schott
- />Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital—East, CNY 149 13th Street Room 2624, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
| | - Anne Germain
- />Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Mohammed R. Milad
- />Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital—East, CNY 149 13th Street Room 2624, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
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62
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Shao Y, Lei Y, Wang L, Zhai T, Jin X, Ni W, Yang Y, Tan S, Wen B, Ye E, Yang Z. Altered resting-state amygdala functional connectivity after 36 hours of total sleep deprivation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112222. [PMID: 25372882 PMCID: PMC4221616 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recent neuroimaging studies have identified a potentially critical role of the amygdala in disrupted emotion neurocircuitry in individuals after total sleep deprivation (TSD). However, connectivity between the amygdala and cerebral cortex due to TSD remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) to investigate the functional connectivity changes of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and centromedial amygdala (CMA) in the brain after 36 h of TSD. Materials and Methods Fourteen healthy adult men aged 25.9±2.3 years (range, 18–28 years) were enrolled in a within-subject crossover study. Using the BLA and CMA as separate seed regions, we examined resting-state functional connectivity with fMRI during rested wakefulness (RW) and after 36 h of TSD. Results TSD resulted in a significant decrease in the functional connectivity between the BLA and several executive control regions (left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC], right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], right inferior frontal gyrus [IFG]). Increased functional connectivity was found between the BLA and areas including the left posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PrCu) and right parahippocampal gyrus. With regard to CMA, increased functional connectivity was observed with the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and right precentral gyrus. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that disturbance in amygdala related circuits may contribute to TSD psychophysiology and suggest that functional connectivity studies of the amygdala during the resting state may be used to discern aberrant patterns of coupling within these circuits after TSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcong Shao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Lei
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lubin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tianye Zhai
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiao Jin
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Ni
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shuwen Tan
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Wen
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Enmao Ye
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- * E-mail: (EY); (ZY)
| | - Zheng Yang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
- Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- * E-mail: (EY); (ZY)
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63
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When time stands still: an integrative review on the role of chronodisruption in posttraumatic stress disorder. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2014; 27:385-92. [PMID: 25023884 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The human circadian system creates and maintains cellular and systemic rhythmicity essential to homeostasis. Loss of circadian rhythmicity fundamentally affects the neuroendocrine, immune and autonomic system, similar to chronic stress and, thus, may play a central role in the development of stress-related disorders. This article focuses on the role of circadian misalignment in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). RECENT FINDINGS Sleep disruption is a core feature of PTSD supporting the important supraordinate pathophysiological role of circadian system in PTSD. Furthermore, direct and indirect human and animal PTSD research suggests circadian system linked neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic and autonomic dysregulation with blunted diurnal rhythms, specific sleep pattern pathologies and cognitive deficits, as well as endocannabinoid and neuropeptide Y system alterations and altered circadian gene expression, linking circadian misalignment to PTSD pathophysiology. SUMMARY PTSD development is associated with chronodisruption findings. Evaluation and treatment of sleep and circadian disruption should be the first steps in PTSD management. State-of-the-art methods of circadian rhythm assessment should be applied to bridge the gap between clinical significance and limited understanding of the relationship between traumatic stress, sleep and circadian system.
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64
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Kohyama J. The possible long-term effects of early-life circadian rhythm disturbance on social behavior. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 14:745-55. [PMID: 24902476 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2014.927735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep loss impairs brain function. As late sleep onset can reduce sleep, this sleep/circadian rhythm disturbance may cause brain impairment. Specific data on the long-term effects of sleep/circadian rhythm disturbance on subsequent brain function are lacking. Japan, a sleep-deprived society from infancy to adulthood, provides an ideal platform to investigate the association of these disturbances in early life with subsequent functioning. In this article, several current problematic behaviors among youth in Japan (dropping out from high school, school absenteeism, early resignation from employment, and suicide) are discussed in relation to early life sleep/circadian rhythm patterns. We hypothesize that daily habits of modern society during early stages of life produce unfavorable effects on brain function resulting in problematic behaviors in subsequent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kohyama
- Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, 3-4-32 Todaijima, Urayasu 279-0001, Japan
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