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Lao X, Wang Y, Huang R, He Y, Lu H, Liang D. Genetic variants of LncRNAs HOTTIP and MEG3 influence nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility and clinicopathologic characteristics in the Southern Chinese population. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:32. [PMID: 39049088 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have indicated that HOTTIP and MEG3 are associated with the initiation and progression of various types of tumors, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of HOTTIP and MEG3 polymorphisms on the susceptibility and clinicopathologic characteristics of NPC. METHODS This research employed next-generation sequencing and multiplex PCR to assess the polymorphisms of HOTTIP rs1859168 and MEG3 rs7158663 in 200 NPC and 200 healthy individuals respectively. HOTTIP and MEG3 expression were assessed via qRT-PCR assessment. Furthermore, the genotypes and alleles frequency of rs1859168 and rs7158663 were compared between healthy and NPC individuals to elucidate their influence on NPC susceptibility and relation with clinicopathologic characteristics. RESULTS In comparison with the healthy cohort, the presence of HOTTIP rs1859168 CC genotype and the C allele were markedly linked with increased NPC incidence (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the MEG3 rs7158663 AA genotype and the A allele also indicated an increased risk of NPC (p < 0.05). The subgroup analysis of age, EBV infection, gender, nationality, smoking, and drinking status revealed no marked association between rs1859168 and rs7158663 genotypes and these potential confounding factors. Moreover, it was observed that rs1859168 CC and rs7158663 AA genotypes were related to local tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. Additionally, HOTTIP indicated a marked elevation, while MEG3 substantially reduced in NPC samples than the normal nasopharyngeal biospecimens. Patients who carried CC or CA genotypes rather than the HOTTIP rs1859168 AA genotype, had substantially higher HOTTIP levels, while patients with rs7158663 AA or GA genotypes indicated notably lower expression of MEG3 than GG genotype carriers. CONCLUSION Individuals with genetic variants of HOTTIP rs1859168 and MEG3 rs7158663 might have an increased risk of NPC susceptibility and related clinicopathologic characteristics, potentially by affecting the expression of HOTTIP and MEG3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Lao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongxin Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanying He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Huabiao Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
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Pu S, Zhang J, Shi C, Hou X, Li K, Feng J, Wu L. A multifunctional chitosan based porous membrane for pH-responsive antibacterial activity and promotion of infected wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7191-7202. [PMID: 38932741 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Unsatisfactory mechanical and antibacterial properties restricted the solo use of chitosan (CS) as a wound dressing. In this work, a novel CS/hydroxyapatite/ZIF-8 (CS/HAp/ZIF-8, CHZ-10) porous membrane was facilely constructed by in situ loading of ZIF-8 on CS/HAp. The advantages of the three compositions were rationally integrated, and the multifunctionality and practicality of this CS-based dressing were improved. HAp not only improved the mechanical strength and stability of CS, but also promoted cell proliferation and accelerated hemostasis with its released Ca2+. Meanwhile, ZIF-8 enhanced the antibacterial activity of CS by releasing antibacterial Zn2+ in a pH-responsive and sustainable manner, avoiding the bio-accumulation toxicity of heavy metals. Compared with CS/HAp and conventionally used gauze, CHZ-10 exhibited superior coagulation and hemolytic ability, as well as outstanding antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Besides, both in vivo observation and histological evaluation demonstrated that CHZ-10 could not only effectively inhibit bacterial infection and reduce inflammation of the wound, but also promote its re-epithelialization, granulation, tissue formation and collagen fibre growth, leading to effectively enhanced wound-healing. This work provides a new method for the easy construction of multifunctional antibacterial dressings based on CS, showing promise for application in clinical wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Pu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chaoting Shi
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Ka Li
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Biliary, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jinhua Feng
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Biliary, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lan Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
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Tapia A, Liu X, Malhi NK, Yuan D, Chen M, Southerland KW, Luo Y, Chen ZB. Role of long noncoding RNAs in diabetes-associated peripheral arterial disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:274. [PMID: 39049097 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that heightens the risks of many vascular complications, including peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Various types of cells, including but not limited to endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophages (MΦs), play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of DM-PAD. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are epigenetic regulators that play important roles in cellular function, and their dysregulation in DM can contribute to PAD. This review focuses on the developing field of lncRNAs and their emerging roles in linking DM and PAD. We review the studies investigating the role of lncRNAs in crucial cellular processes contributing to DM-PAD, including those in ECs, VSMCs, and MΦ. By examining the intricate molecular landscape governed by lncRNAs in these relevant cell types, we hope to shed light on the roles of lncRNAs in EC dysfunction, inflammatory responses, and vascular remodeling contributing to DM-PAD. Additionally, we provide an overview of the research approach and methodologies, from identifying disease-relevant lncRNAs to characterizing their molecular and cellular functions in the context of DM-PAD. We also discuss the potential of leveraging lncRNAs in the diagnosis and therapeutics for DM-PAD. Collectively, this review provides a summary of lncRNA-regulated cell functions contributing to DM-PAD and highlights the translational potential of leveraging lncRNA biology to tackle this increasingly prevalent and complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Tapia
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xuejing Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Naseeb Kaur Malhi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dongqiang Yuan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Muxi Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Kevin W Southerland
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yingjun Luo
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Jiang T, Wei Y, Xu R, Jin Y, Song T, Wang H, Chen W, Tian H, Xu L, Zhao Y, Fu Y. Renal denervation alleviates vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats by regulating perivascular adipose tissue. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01791-8. [PMID: 39043918 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the main pathological process that causes the damage of the target organ of hypertension. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounds blood vessels and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of renal denervation (RDN) on hypertensive vascular remodeling and to elucidate the role of PVAT in this process. Male spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat were selected. Aortic vascular remodeling was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Morphological changes in the PVAT were observed through H&E and Oil Red O staining. Dihydroethidium was used to measure oxidative stress levels in PVAT, while western blot analysis was used to determine the expression levels of proteins associated with vascular remodeling. The results showed that the aortic medial thickness, media thickness/lumen diameter, collagen volume fraction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in PVAT were significantly higher in the SHR group than in the WKY group. The indexes mentioned above were lower in the SHR-RDN group than in the SHR group. H&E staining revealed that fat droplets in PVAT in the SHR-RDN group became smaller and browning occurred. Moreover, the protein expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) and neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) was significantly increased in the SHR-RDN group. In addition, the expression of adiponectin increased and the expression of leptin decreased in the SHR-RDN group compared to the SHR group. In conclusion, RDN can relieve hypertensive vascular remodeling, which may be associated with PVAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongkang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Yin P, Tang M, Zhao G. M2 macrophage exosome-derived Apoc1 promotes ferroptosis resistance in osteosarcoma by inhibiting ACSF2 deubiquitination. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 39041949 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of M2 macrophage exosomes (M2-Exos) in ferroptosis in OS. A mouse model was established to investigate the in vivo role of M2-Exos. We investigated their effects on ferroptosis in OS using erastin, a ferroptosis activator, and deferoxamine mesylate, an iron chelator. In vitro, we investigated whether the Apoc1/Acyl-CoA Synthetase Family Member 2 (ACSF2) axis mediates these effects, using shApoc1 and shACSF2. The mechanisms whereby Apoc1 regulates ACSF2 were examined using cyclohexanone, a protein synthesis inhibitor, and MG132, a proteasomal inhibitor. M2-Exos reversed the inhibitory effects of erastin on OS cells, thus enhancing their viability, migration, invasion, proliferation, and reducing ferroptosis. Apoc1 was highly expressed in M2-Exos, and interfering with this expression reversed the effects of M2-Exos on OS cells. ACSF2 mediated the effects of M2-Exos-derived Apoc1. Apoc1 interacted with ACSF2, which, in turn, interacted with USP40. Apoc1 overexpression increased ACSF2 ubiquitination, promoting its degradation, whereas USP40 overexpression inhibited ACSF2 ubiquitination and promoted its expression. Apoc1 overexpression inhibited ACSF2 binding to USP40. M2-Exos-derived Apoc1 promoted ferroptosis resistance by inhibiting USP40 binding to ACSF2 and promoting ACSF2 ubiquitination and degradation, thus enhancing OS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yin
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Blood Supply, Changsha Blood Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guosheng Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Duan C, Liu Q, Wang J, Tong Q, Bai F, Han J, Wang S, Hippe DS, Zeng J, Bowen SR. GWO+RuleFit: rule-based explainable machine-learning combined with heuristics to predict mid-treatment FDG PET response to chemoradiation for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:155018. [PMID: 38981590 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad6118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Vital rules learned from fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) radiomics of tumor subregional response can provide clinical decision support for precise treatment adaptation. We combined a rule-based machine learning (ML) model (RuleFit) with a heuristic algorithm (gray wolf optimizer, GWO) for mid-chemoradiation FDG-PET response prediction in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Approach.Tumors subregions were identified using K-means clustering. GWO+RuleFit consists of three main parts: (i) a random forest is constructed based on conventional features or radiomic features extracted from tumor regions or subregions in FDG-PET images, from which the initial rules are generated; (ii) GWO is used for iterative rule selection; (iii) the selected rules are fit to a linear model to make predictions about the target variable. Two target variables were considered: a binary response measure (ΔSUVmean ⩾ 20% decline) for classification and a continuous response measure (ΔSUVmean) for regression. GWO+RuleFit was benchmarked against common ML algorithms and RuleFit, with leave-one-out cross-validated performance evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in classification and root-mean-square error (RMSE) in regression.Main results.GWO+RuleFit selected 15 rules from the radiomic feature dataset of 23 patients. For treatment response classification, GWO+RuleFit attained numerically better cross-validated performance than RuleFit across tumor regions and sets of features (AUC: 0.58-0.86 vs. 0.52-0.78,p= 0.170-0.925). GWO+Rulefit also had the best or second-best performance numerically compared to all other algorithms for all conditions. For treatment response regression prediction, GWO+RuleFit (RMSE: 0.162-0.192) performed better numerically for low-dimensional models (p= 0.097-0.614) and significantly better for high-dimensional models across all tumor regions except one (RMSE: 0.189-0.219,p< 0.004).Significance. The GWO+RuleFit selected rules were interpretable, highlighting distinct radiomic phenotypes that modulated treatment response. GWO+Rulefit achieved parsimonious models while maintaining utility for treatment response prediction, which can aid clinical decisions for patient risk stratification, treatment selection, and biologically driven adaptation. Clinical trial: NCT02773238.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Duan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Highway, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiantuo Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Highway, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao'an Highway, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Tong
- Maseeh Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 301 East Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Fangyun Bai
- Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, 2209 Guangxing Road, Shanghai 201613, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 500 West First Street, Arlington, TX 76019, United States of America
| | - Shouyi Wang
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 500 West First Street, Arlington, TX 76019, United States of America
| | - Daniel S Hippe
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States of America
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 North East Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Stephen R Bowen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States of America
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 North East Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 North East Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
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Zhong HJ, Liu AQ, Huang DN, Zhou ZH, Xu SP, Wu L, Yang XP, Chen Y, Hong MF, Zhan YQ. Exploring the impact of gut microbiota on liver health in mice and patients with Wilson disease. Liver Int 2024. [PMID: 39037193 DOI: 10.1111/liv.16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Distinctive gut microbial profiles have been observed between patients with Wilson disease (WD) and healthy individuals. Despite this, the exact relationship and influence of gut microbiota on the advancement of WD-related liver damage remain ambiguous. This research seeks to clarify the gut microbiota characteristics in both human patients and mouse models of WD, as well as their impact on liver injury. METHODS Gut microbial features in healthy individuals, patients with WD, healthy mice and mice with early- and late-stage WD were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, WD-afflicted mice underwent treatment with either an antibiotic cocktail (with normal saline as a control) or healthy microbiota (using disease microbiota as a control). The study assessed gut microbiota composition, hepatic transcriptome profiles, liver copper concentrations and hepatic pathological injuries. RESULTS Patients with hepatic WD and mice with WD-related liver injury displayed altered gut microbiota composition, notably with a significant reduction in Lactobacillus abundance. Additionally, the abundances of several gut genera, including Lactobacillus, Veillonella and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, showed significant correlations with the severity of liver injury in patients with WD. In WD mice, antibiotic treatment or transplantation of healthy microbiota altered the gut microbial structure, increased Lactobacillus abundance and modified the hepatic transcriptional profile. These interventions resulted in reduced hepatic copper concentration and alleviation of WD-related liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Individuals and mice with pronounced WD-related liver injury exhibited shifts in gut microbial composition. Regulating gut microbiota through healthy microbiota transplantation emerges as a promising therapeutic approach for treating WD-related liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jie Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Qun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ni Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shun-Peng Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Fan Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Jaiswal SK, Fedkenheuer K, Khamar R, Tan H, Gotea V, Raj S, Fedkenheuer M, Elkahloun A, Zhao M, Jenkins LM, Annunziata CM, Elnitski L. The Megacomplex protects ER-alpha from degradation by Fulvestrant in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Lett 2024:217129. [PMID: 39048045 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality, exhibits limited responsiveness to hormonal therapies targeting the estrogen receptor (ERα). This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind ERα resistance to the therapeutic drug Fulvestrant (ICI182780 or ICI). Notably, compared to the cytoplasmic version, nuclear ERα was minimally degraded by ICI, suggesting a mechanism for drug resistance via the protective confines of the nuclear substructures. Of these substructures, we identified a 1.3MDa Megacomplex comprising transcription factors ERα, FOXA1, and PITX1 using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in the ovarian cancer cell line, PEO4. ChIP-seq revealed these factors colocalized at 6,775 genomic positions representing sites of Megacomplex formation. Megacomplex ERα exhibited increased resistance to degradation by ICI compared to cytoplasmic and nuclear ERα. A small molecule inhibitor of active chromatin and super-enhancers, JQ1, in combination with ICI significantly enhanced ERα degradation from Megacomplex as revealed by SEC and ChIP-seq. Interestingly, this combination degraded both the cytoplasmic as well as nuclear ERa. Pathway enrichment analysis showed parallel results for RNA-seq gene sets following Estradiol, ICI, or ICI plus JQ1 treatments as those defined by Megacomplex binding identified through ChIP-seq. Furthermore, similar pathway enrichments were confirmed in mass-spec analysis of the Megacomplex macromolecule fractions after modulation by Estradiol or ICI. These findings implicate Megacomplex in ERα-driven ovarian cancer chromatin regulation. This combined treatment strategy exhibited superior inhibition of cell proliferation and viability. Therefore, by uncovering ERα's resistance within the Megacomplex, the combined ICI plus JQ1 treatment elucidates a novel drug treatment vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Jaiswal
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Kevin Fedkenheuer
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ronak Khamar
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Hua Tan
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Valer Gotea
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sonam Raj
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Michael Fedkenheuer
- Genomics and Immunity Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Abdel Elkahloun
- Microarrays and Single-Cell Genomics Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ming Zhao
- HPLC Core, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD 20852
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Mass Spec Core, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | - Laura Elnitski
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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Yokote K, Ota R, Wada S, Matsuda H, Filomeno R. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Obesity Medications Among Adult East Asian People with Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review and Indirect Treatment Comparison. Adv Ther 2024:10.1007/s12325-024-02941-7. [PMID: 39039386 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide over the past decades. Regional variations exist in the relationship between body mass index (BMI), body fat, and health risks: Asians typically have a lower BMI than people of European descent, but a higher risk of obesity-related comorbidities. However, there is a paucity of evidence for anti-obesity medications (AOMs) in East Asian populations. In this study, we aimed to systematically review evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of AOMs among adults with obesity disease in East Asia, and to assess the feasibility of conducting an indirect treatment comparison (ITC) between the semaglutide and mazindol trials. METHODS The Embase, MEDLINE, and ICHUSHI databases were searched via the Ovid SP platform for randomized controlled trials, in English or Japanese, reporting data on semaglutide or mazindol therapy with placebo or diet and exercise as comparators. The potential risks of bias in conducting a population-adjusted ITC were determined based on the heterogeneity of potential effect modifiers and variations in study design. RESULTS Of 21 publications, 2 were included in this study based on the eligibility criteria. The STEP 6 study established the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous semaglutide compared with placebo in the reduction of body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure] among Japanese and South Korean people with obesity disease. Mazindol also proved beneficial in reducing body weight and total cholesterol compared with placebo in Japan. Both semaglutide and mazindol were associated with higher rates of adverse events and treatment discontinuation than placebo. An ITC between the two studies was not deemed feasible based on the potential risks of bias. CONCLUSIONS Semaglutide and mazindol are associated with significant body weight reduction among people with obesity in East Asia. Further research based on label indications and up-to-date real-world data among East Asian people with obesity would help determine additional clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutaro Yokote
- Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Riku Ota
- Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
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Nong Y, Wei X, Lu J, Yu D. The prognostic value of postoperative platelet levels in elderly patients after valve replacement surgery: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:379. [PMID: 39034415 PMCID: PMC11264968 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Further research is needed to assess the risk and prognosis after valve replacement surgery in elderly patients. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of platelet levels following valve replacement in elderly patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 3814 elderly individuals who underwent valve replacement surgery, categorized into quartiles based on postoperative platelet levels. Univariate and multiple regression analysis were used to assess the risk factors associated with postoperative platelet levels and in-hospital death.The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to establish the postoperative platelet level threshold indicative of in-hospital mortality risk, while the Kaplan-Meier curve compared the one-year postoperative survival among patients with differing postoperative platelet levels. RESULTS The low postoperative platelet levels group had a higher incidence of massive bleeding (> 400 ml), necessitating platelet transfusion and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery (P < 0.001). However, postoperative occurrences of heart failure and stroke did not achieve statistical significance (P > 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis disclosed an association between postoperative platelet levels and in-hospital death (OR: 2.040, 95% CI: 1.372-3.034, P < 0.001). Over the one-year follow-up, patients with low platelet levels postoperatively had poorer overall survival than patients with higher platelet levels (P < 0.001) CONCLUSION: Postoperative platelets can serve as a prognostic indicator after valve surgery in elderly patients as a simple and easily available biochemical indicator. Enhanced monitoring and management postoperative platelet level in the elderly may be beneficial to improve the survival outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Nong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xuebiao Wei
- Department of Geriatric Intensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Junquan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Akat A, Karaöz E. A systematic review of cell therapy modalities and outcomes in cerebral palsy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05072-3. [PMID: 39033213 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is widely recognized as a condition that results in significant physical and cognitive disabilities. Interventions aim to improve the quality of life and reduce disability. Despite numerous treatments and significant advancements, cerebral palsy remains incurable due to its diverse origins. This review evaluated clinical trials, studies, and case reports on various cell therapy approaches for cerebral palsy. It assessed the clinical outcomes of applying different cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, neural stem/progenitor cells, macrophages, and mononuclear cells derived from peripheral blood, cord blood, and bone marrow. In 60 studies involving 1474 CP patients, six major adverse events (0.41%) and 485 mild adverse events (32.9%) were reported. Favorable therapeutic effects were observed in 54 out of 60 cell therapy trials, indicating a promising potential for cell treatments in cerebral palsy. Intrathecal MSC and BM-MNC applications revealed therapeutic benefits, with MSC studies being generally safer than other cell therapies. However, MSC and BM-MNC trials have shown inconsistent results, with some demonstrating superior efficacy for certain outcomes. Cell dosage, transplantation route, and frequency of administration can affect the efficacy of these therapies. Our findings highlight the promise of cell therapies for improving cerebral palsy treatment and stress the need for ongoing research to refine treatment protocols and enhance safety. To establish conclusive evidence on the comparative effectiveness of various cell types in treating cerebral palsy, randomized, double-blind clinical trials are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayberk Akat
- Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Caddesi No.127, Esenler, 34210, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital Ulus, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Center, Istanbul, Turkey
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Karahmet Sher E, Alebić M, Marković Boras M, Boškailo E, Karahmet Farhat E, Karahmet A, Pavlović B, Sher F, Lekić L. Nanotechnology in medicine revolutionizing drug delivery for cancer and viral infection treatments. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124345. [PMID: 38885775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in nanotechnology were vastly applied in medicine and pharmacy, especially in the field of nano-delivery systems. It took a long time for these systems to ensure precise delivery of very delicate molecules, such as RNA, to cells at concentrations that yield remarkable efficiency, with success rates reaching 95.0% and 94.5%. These days, there are several advantages of using nanotechnological solutions in the prevention and treatment of cancer and viral infections. Its interventions improve treatment outcomes both due to increased effectiveness of the drug at target location and by reducing adverse reactions, thereby increasing patient adherence to the therapy. Based on the current knowledge an updated review was made, and perspective, opportunities and challenges in nanomedicine were discussed. The methods employed include comprehensive examination of existing literature and studies on nanoparticles and nano-delivery systems including both in vitro tests performed on cell cultures and in vivo assessments carried out on appropriate animal models, with a specific emphasis on their applications in oncology and virology. This brings together various aspects including both structure and formation as well as its association with characteristic behaviour in organisms, providing a novel perspective. Furthermore, the practical application of these systems in medicine and pharmacy with a focus on viral diseases and malignancies was explored. This review can serve as a valuable guide for fellow researchers, helping them navigate the abundance of findings in this field. The results indicate that applications of nanotechnological solutions for the delivery of medicinal products improving therapeutic outcomes will continue to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Karahmet Sher
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Mirna Alebić
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Marijana Marković Boras
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina; International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Emina Boškailo
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Esma Karahmet Farhat
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Alma Karahmet
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bojan Pavlović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of East Sarajevo, Lukavica, Republika Srpska 75327, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Farooq Sher
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Lana Lekić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Gunasekara ADM, Youngkong S, Anothaisintawee T, Dejthevaporn T, Fernandopulle R, Chaikledkaew U. Cost-utility and budget impact analysis of neoadjuvant dual HER2 targeted therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer in Sri Lanka. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16736. [PMID: 39033229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the cost-utility and budget impact of dual to single HER2 targeted neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer in Sri Lanka. A five-health state Markov model with lifetime horizon was used to assess the cost-utility of neoadjuvant trastuzumab (T) plus pertuzumab (P) or lapatinib (L) compared to single therapy of T with chemotherapy (C), in public healthcare system and societal perspectives. Input parameters were estimated using local data, network meta-analysis, published reports and literature. Costs were adjusted to year 2021 (1USD = LKR194.78). Five-year budget impact for public healthcare system was assessed. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in societal perspective for neoadjuvantLTC plus adjuvantT (strategy 3), neoadjuvantPTC plus adjuvantT (strategy 2), neoadjuvantLTC plus adjuvantLT (strategy 5), and neoadjuvantPTC plus adjuvantPT (strategy 4) compared to neoadjuvantTC plus adjuvantT (strategy 1) were USD2716, USD5600, USD6878, and USD12127 per QALY gained, respectively. One GDP per-capita (USD3815) was considered as the cost-effectiveness threshold for the analysis. Even though only the ICER for strategy 3 was cost-effective, uncertainty of efficacy parameter was revealed. For strategy 2 neoadjuvant PTC plus adjuvant T, a 25% reduction of neoadjuvant regimen cost was required to be cost effective for use in early HER2 positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agampodi Danushi Mendis Gunasekara
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Sitaporn Youngkong
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Rd., Phayathai, Ratchathevi, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Thunyarat Anothaisintawee
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitiya Dejthevaporn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rohini Fernandopulle
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Rd., Phayathai, Ratchathevi, Bangkok, Thailand
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Cao C, Yue S, Lu A, Liang C. Host-Gut Microbiota Metabolic Interactions and Their Role in Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107321. [PMID: 39038631 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The critical role of the gut microbiome in gastrointestinal cancers is becoming increasingly clear. Imbalances in the gut microbial community, referred to as dysbiosis, are linked to increased risks for various forms of gastrointestinal cancers. Pathogens like Fusobacterium and Helicobacter pylori relate to the onset of esophageal and gastric cancers, respectively, while microbes such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Clostridium species have been associated with a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. In colorectal cancer, bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum are known to stimulate the growth of tumor cells and trigger cancer-promoting pathways. On the other hand, beneficial microbes like Bifidobacteria offer a protective effect, potentially inhibiting the development of gastrointestinal cancers. The potential for therapeutic interventions that manipulate the gut microbiome is substantial, including strategies to engineer anti-tumor metabolites and employ microbiota-based treatments. Despite the progress in understanding the influence of the microbiome on gastrointestinal cancers, significant challenges remain in identifying and understanding the precise contributions of specific microbial species and their metabolic products. This knowledge is essential for leveraging the role of the gut microbiome in the development of precise diagnostics and targeted therapies for gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Cao
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Siran Yue
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510006, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 100850, China.
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Gao F, Liu S, Wang J, Wei G, Yu C, Zheng L, Sun L, Wang G, Sun Y, Bao Y, Song Z. TSP50 facilitates breast cancer stem cell-like properties maintenance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI3K p110α mediated activation of AKT signaling pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:201. [PMID: 39030572 PMCID: PMC11264956 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have confirmed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties are conducive to cancer metastasis. In recent years, testes-specific protease 50 (TSP50) has been identified as a prognostic factor and is involved in tumorigenesis regulation. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of TSP50 in EMT and CSC-like properties maintenance remain unclear. METHODS The expression and prognostic value of TSP50 in breast cancer were excavated from public databases and explored using bioinformatics analysis. Then the expression of TSP50 and related genes was further validated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In order to investigate the function of TSP50 in breast cancer, loss- and gain-of-function experiments were conducted, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, immunofluorescence (IF) and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays were performed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of TSP50. Finally, the correlation between the expression of TSP50 and related genes in breast cancer tissue microarray and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by IHC. RESULTS TSP50 was negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. TSP50 promoted CSC-like traits and EMT in both breast cancer cells and mouse xenograft tumor tissues. Additionally, inhibition of PI3K/AKT partly reversed TSP50-induced activation of CSC-like properties, EMT and tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, TSP50 and PI3K p85α regulatory subunit could competitively interact with the PI3K p110α catalytic subunit to promote p110α enzymatic activity, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway for CSC-like phenotypes maintenance and EMT promotion. Moreover, IHC analysis of human breast cancer specimens revealed that TSP50 expression was positively correlated with p-AKT and ALDH1 protein levels. Notably, breast cancer clinicopathological characteristics, such as patient survival time, tumor size, Ki67, pathologic stage, N stage, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels, correlated well with TSP50/p-AKT/ALDH1 expression status. CONCLUSION The effects of TSP50 on EMT and CSC-like properties promotion were verified to be dependent on PI3K p110α. Together, our study revealed a novel mechanism by which TSP50 facilitates the progression of breast cancer, which can provide new insights into TSP50-based breast cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
- China International Joint Research Center for Human Stem Cell Bank, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Sichen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jilin Province Cancer Hospital, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Lihua Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Luguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Guannan Wang
- China International Joint Research Center for Human Stem Cell Bank, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Ying Sun
- China International Joint Research Center for Human Stem Cell Bank, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
| | - Yongli Bao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicine Products, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Zhenbo Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, NO.5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Fernandes F, Luzuriaga GDCJ, da Fonseca GWP, Correia EB, Carvalho AAS, Macedo AVS, Coelho-Filho OR, Scheinberg P, Antunes MO, Schwartzmann PV, Mangini S, Marques W, Simões MV. Clinical and genetic profiles of patients with hereditary and wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis: the Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis Registry in the state of São Paulo, Brazil (REACT-SP). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:273. [PMID: 39033298 PMCID: PMC11264909 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03281-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a multisystem disease caused by the deposition of fibrillar protein in organs and tissues. ATTR genotypes and phenotypes are highly heterogeneous. We present data on physical signs and symptoms, cardiac and neurological assessments and genetic profile of patients enrolled in the Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis Registry of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS Six hundred-forty-four patients were enrolled, 505 with the variant form (ATTRv) and 139 with wild-type (ATTRwt). Eleven different mutations were detected, the most common being Val50Met (47.5%) and V142Ile (39.2%). Overall, more than half of the patients presented cardiac involvement, and the difference in this proportion between the ATTRv and ATTRwt groups was significant (43.9 vs. 89.9%; p < 0.001). The prevalence of the neurological phenotype also differed between ATTRv and ATTRwt (56.8 vs. 31.7%; p < 0.001). The mixed phenotype was found in 25.6% of the population, without a significant difference between ATTRv and ATTRwt groups. A group of patients remained asymptomatic (10.4%), with a lower proportion of asymptomatic ATTRwt patients. CONCLUSIONS This study details the clinical and genetic spectrum of patients with ATTR in São Paulo, Brazil. This preliminary analysis highlights the considerable phenotypic heterogeneity of neurological and cardiac manifestations in patients with variant and wild-type ATTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Fernandes
- Academic Research Organization, Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca
- Academic Research Organization, Instituto do Coração InCor, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wilson Marques
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Simões
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Jaita P, Chokethawai K, Randorn C, Boonsri K, Pringproa K, Thongkorn K, Watcharapasorn A, Jarupoom P. Enhancing bioactivity and mechanical performances of hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate bone cements for bone repair: in vivo histological evaluation in rabbit femurs. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23286-23302. [PMID: 39049882 PMCID: PMC11268428 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03686g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study deals with synthesizing hydroxyapatite-calcium sulfate bone cements or HAP-xCaS for bone repair. The effect of CaS on the setting time, injectability, washout resistance, phase evolution, water absorption, and physical, microstructural, and mechanical properties, as well as in vitro apatite-forming ability test and pH behavior of the HAP were investigated. Implantation of bone cement in rabbit femur and in vivo histological analysis were also analyzed. Initial and final setting times decrease with increasing CaS, which would be helpful for clinical procedures. All compositions have mixed phases of HAP, CaS, brushite, and gypsum. The prepared bone cement exhibited a dense structure and increased linear shrinkage with increasing CaS content. Adding more CaS inhibited grain growth and improved the mechanical properties, including compressive strength (σ c), bending strength (σ f), and Young's modulus (E). SEM micrographs displayed that the x = 0.7 or HAP-0.7CaS bone cement produced the highest ability to induce in vitro apatite formation, indicating its biocompatibility. In vivo histological analysis for the HAP-0.7CaS bone cement demonstrated that more new bone formed around defects and bone cement particles. Osteoblasts were found peripherally at the bone trabeculae, and occasional osteoblast-like cells were observed at the granules after 4-8 weeks of implantation. The obtained results indicated that the HAP-0.7CaS bone cement has the potential to exhibit good bioactivity, injectability, and good mechanical properties for bone repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharatree Jaita
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Komsanti Chokethawai
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Chamnan Randorn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Kittikorn Boonsri
- Center of Veterinary Diagnosis and Technology Transfer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand
| | | | | | - Anucha Watcharapasorn
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Parkpoom Jarupoom
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna (RMUTL) Chiang Mai 50300 Thailand
- Materials and Medical Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna (RMUTL) Chiang Mai 50300 Thailand
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Ji C, Ma Y, Xie Y, Guo J, Ba H, Zhou Z, Zhao K, Yang M, He X, Zheng W. Isolation and purification of carbohydrate components in functional food: a review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23204-23214. [PMID: 39045398 PMCID: PMC11265275 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02748e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants, increasingly utilized in functional foods, possess potent therapeutic properties and health-promoting functions, with carbohydrates playing a crucial role and exhibiting a range of effects, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immune-enhancing, antibacterial, anticoagulant, and hypoglycemic activities. However, comprehensively, accurately, rapidly, and economically assessing the quality of carbohydrate components is challenging due to their diverse and complex nature. Additionally, the purification and identification of carbohydrates also guarantee related efficacy research. This paper offers a thorough review of research progress carried out by both domestic and international scholars in the last decade on extracting, purifying, separating, identifying, and determining the content of carbohydrate components from functional foods, which are mainly composed of medicinal plants, and also explores the potential for achieving comprehensive quantitative analysis and evaluating structure-activity relationships of carbohydrate components. These findings aim to serve as a valuable reference for the future development and application of natural carbohydrate components in functional food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Ying Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Junli Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Haoran Ba
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Kongxiang Zhao
- The Animal, Plant & Foodstuff Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming Yunnan 650201 China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming Yunnan 650201 China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University Kunming Yunnan 650224 China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University Kunming Yunnan 650224 China
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Zhao J, Gu M, Zhang Y, Jia X, Xiao W, Lu G, Chen W, Gong W. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment reduce uncoupling protein 1 expression to boost immunosuppressive activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 732:150408. [PMID: 39032414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is located at the inner membrane of mitochondria and mediates nonshivering thermogenesis. Its abnormal expression is associated with metabolic diseases, cancer, and acute kidney injury. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with immunosuppressive activity accumulate in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, decreased UCP1 expression in MDSCs was observed in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer and transplanted mouse tumors. Aggravated tumor progression was observed in UCP1-knockout mice and conditional knockout mice (UCP1fl/fl-S100A8cre). The number of G-MDSCs and M-MDSCs increased in the transplanted tumor tissues from UCP1-deficient mice compared with those from wild-type mice. The tumor-promoting effect disappeared when the tumor-bearing mice were depleted of MDSCs by the α-DR5 administration. Adoptive transfer of tumor-derived MDSCs sharply promoted the tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, these tumor-derived MDSCs enhanced the proliferation, reduced death, inhibited IFN-γ production of CD4+ and CD8+T cells, and induced Treg cells ex vivo. In conclusion, MDSCs in the TME alter the metabolic pattern by decreasing UCP1 expression to enhance immunosuppressive activity for tumor escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Jingjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Taizhou, 214504, China
| | - Min Gu
- Univeristy Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation (Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Univeristy Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation (Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jia
- Univeristy Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation (Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Weiming Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Guotao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| | - Weijuan Gong
- Univeristy Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation (Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, 225001, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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70
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Wei X, Chen B, Wang Z, Zhao P, Duan X. Nasopharyngeal cancer risk assessment by country or region worldwide from 1990 to 2019. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1931. [PMID: 39026191 PMCID: PMC11264695 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is 22nd most common cancer that occurs all over the world, but the prevalence rate can exhibit significant geographical differences. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database provides data related to the incidence, mortality, and disease burden of NPC worldwide from 1990 to 2019. We have designed this study in order to evaluate the potential effectiveness of health care policies and strategies for NPC prevention, diagnosis and treatment in different countries or regions around the world. METHODS We used for the first time two distinct indicators, EAPC-ASIR and EACP-ASDR, to perform cluster analysis on 200 countries or regions around the world. RESULTS 200 countries or regions could be divided into five diverse groups. Group 1: The incidence rate showed an increasing trend whereas the mortality rate depicted a decreasing trend. Group 2: Morbidity as well as mortality showed a slight increase; Group 3: Morbidity as well as mortality increased significantly; Group 4: Morbidity and mortality decreased significantly; Group 5: Both morbidity as well as mortality decreased slightly. Moreover, in the context of a global decline in NPC incidence, mortality and disease burden, Group 3 countries, including: "Turkmenistan", "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "Dominican Republic", "Bulgaria", "Lesotho", "Cabo Verde", "Romania", "Cuba", "Jamaica", "Azerbaijan", "Uzbekistan", "Chad", "Belize" and "Ukraine" displayed a significant increase in morbidity, mortality, and disease burden, thus indicating a dangerous trend. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the medical and health policies formulated by the countries in Group 3 for NPC, as well as their capacity for conducting censuses, preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases, need to be substantially strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Biaoyou Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xuwei Duan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Guo Z, Guan K, Bao M, He B, Lu J. LINC-PINT plays an anti-tumor role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by binding to XRCC6 and affecting its function. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155460. [PMID: 39032384 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LINC-PINT was downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and correlated with treatment efficiency of NPC. However, the underlying mechanism of LINC-PINT in NPC has not yet been fully explored. METHOD We used CellTiter luminescent assay, clone formation assay, Hoechst staining, and SYTO-9/PI staining to examine cell viability and cell apoptosis regulated by LINC-PINT in NPC cells. Xenograft tumor model, HE staining, Ki67 staining, and TUNEL assay were conducted to assess the role of LINC-PINT in vivo. Bioinformatics and RNA immunoprecipitation assay was performed to identify the binding protein of LINC-PINT. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence were utilized to measure the colocalization of XRCC6 with LINC-PINT and DNA-PKcs. Mito-Tracker red CMXRos staining was used to label mitochondria in cells specifically. RESULT We found LINC-PINT was downregulated in many tumors (including NPC) and associated with poor prognosis. The cell viability was significantly inhibited and cell apoptosis was remarkably promoted in LINC-PINT overexpressed cells in contrast to control cells. The growth of tumor xenografts was significantly suppressed and the tumor weight was significantly decreased in LINC-PINT overexpression group compared to the control group. Correspondingly, the positive Ki67 foci was decreased while TUNEL foci was increased in LINC-PINT overexpression group. Mechanically, we verified XRCC6 as a new binding protein of LINC-PINT through RNA binding domains prediction, RIP and colocalization of LINC-PINT and XRCC6. By binding to XRCC6, LINC-PINT interfered the formation of DNA-PK complex, regulated mitochondria accumulation status and affected the modification of apoptosis proteins, leading to more cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study provided the first evidence that LINC-PINT promotes cell apoptosis in NPC by binding to XRCC6 and affecting its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; The First Clinical College, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - KeYan Guan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - MeiHua Bao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - BinSheng He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - JiaoYang Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; School of Nursing, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
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Jiang Z, Ainiwaer M, Liu J, Ying B, Luo F, Sun X. Hydrogen therapy: recent advances and emerging materials. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 39021349 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen therapy, leveraging its selective attenuation of hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and ONOO-, has emerged as a pivotal pathophysiological modulator with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic attributes. Hydrogen therapy has been extensively studied both preclinically and clinically, especially in diseases with an inflammatory nature. Despite the substantial progress, challenges persist in achieving high hydrogen concentrations in target lesions, especially in cancer treatment. A notable breakthrough lies in water/acid reactive materials, offering enhanced hydrogen generation and sustained release potential. However, limitations include hydrogen termination upon material depletion and reduced bioavailability at targeted lesions. To overcome these challenges, catalytic materials like photocatalytic and sonocatalytic materials have surfaced as promising solutions. With enhanced permeability and retention effects, these materials exhibit targeted delivery and sustained stimuli-reactive hydrogen release. The future of hydrogen therapy hinges on continuous exploration and modification of catalytic materials. Researchers are urged to prioritize improved catalytic efficiency, enhanced lesion targeting effects, and heightened biosafety and biocompatibility in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mailudan Ainiwaer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fengming Luo
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Center for High Altitude Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
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Acharya M, Venkidesh BS, Mumbrekar KD. Bacterial supplementation in mitigation of radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage. Life Sci 2024; 353:122921. [PMID: 39032692 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Pelvic irradiation, a crucial treatment for pelvic malignancies, is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) damage due to the high proliferation rate of epithelial cells. The radiosensitive gastrointestinal tract acts as a dose-limiting organ. High doses of ionizing radiation can cause inflammation and rupture of mucosal barriers and can also lead to intestinal fibrosis. Intestinal damage can cause acute to chronic complications, reducing patients' quality of life. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in maintaining gut health, and any changes in the gut microbial composition can worsen damage, emphasizing the importance of therapies that target and sustain the gut microbiota during radiotherapy. One potential strategy to prevent radiation-induced GI damage is to use bacterial supplements. Research suggests that probiotic supplementation may alleviate radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage, maintaining intestinal morphology and decreasing epithelial injury in cancer patients. The observed protective effects occur through various mechanisms, including antioxidant activities, modulation of the immune response, and preservation of gut barrier function. To optimize probiotic therapies, it is imperative to elucidate these mechanisms. The efficiency of probiotics as radioprotectors is highly dependent on the time and dose of administration, and their interaction with the host immune system is a key facet of their therapeutic potential. This review explores the potential benefits of bacterial supplementation in mitigating radiation-induced GI damage and the underlying mechanism. This highlights the need for further research to establish standardized protocols and refine probiotic supplementation strategies, underscoring the potential for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Acharya
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Babu Santhi Venkidesh
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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Goleij P, Pourali G, Raisi A, Ravaei F, Golestan S, Abed A, Razavi ZS, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rafiei M, Mousavi SM, Hamblin MR, Talei S, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Response of Glioblastoma to Temozolomide. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39023794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice across the globe as cancer treatments. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance poses a significant problem for medical practitioners and researchers, causing tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most dangerous kind of malignant brain tumor is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that often recurs following surgery. The most often used medication for treating GBM is temozolomide chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually become resistant. Researchers are studying preclinical models that accurately reflect human disease and can be used to speed up drug development to overcome chemoresistance in GBM. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be substantial in regulating tumor development and facilitating treatment resistance in several cancers, such as GBM. In this work, we mentioned the mechanisms of how different ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) can regulate temozolomide chemosensitivity in GBM. We also address the role of these ncRNAs encapsulated inside secreted exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ravaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Abed
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Moein Rafiei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Mottini C, Auciello FR, Manni I, Pilarsky C, Caputo D, Caracciolo G, Rossetta A, Di Gennaro E, Budillon A, Blandino G, Roca MS, Piaggio G. The cross-talk between the macro and micro-environment in precursor lesions of pancreatic cancer leads to new and promising circulating biomarkers. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39020414 PMCID: PMC11256648 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a clinically challenging tumor to combat due to its advanced stage at diagnosis as well as its resistance to currently available therapies. The absence of early symptoms and known detectable biomarkers renders this disease incredibly difficult to detect/manage. Recent advances in the understanding of PC biology have highlighted the importance of cancer-immune cell interactions, not only in the tumor micro-environment but also in distant systemic sites, like the bone marrow, spleen and circulating immune cells, the so-called macro-environment. The response of the macro-environment is emerging as a determining factor in tumor development by contributing to the formation of an increasingly immunogenic micro-environment promoting tumor homeostasis and progression. We will summarize the key events associated with the feedback loop between the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) and the tumor immune macroenvironment (TIMaE) in pancreatic precancerous lesions along with how it regulates disease development and progression. In addition, liquid biopsy biomarkers capable of diagnosing PC at an early stage of onset will also be discussed. A clearer understanding of the early crosstalk between micro-environment and macro-environment could contribute to identifying new molecular therapeutic targets and biomarkers, consequently improving early PC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Mottini
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Auciello
- UOC Translational Oncology Research, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Dipartimento Di Medicina Molecolare Sapienza, Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimental Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- UOC Translational Oncology Research, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Roca
- Experimental Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
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Hu S, Feng J, Fu W, Guo Y. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Upregulates CXCR7 and Contributes to Chemotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01430-6. [PMID: 39018005 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates making it a focus of research. Chemotherapy is a primary treatment modality for colon cancer, but chemotherapy resistance severely impacts treatment efficacy. MIF has been found to promote tumor progression and resistance in various cancers. This study aims to investigate the role of MIF in chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer and its potential mechanisms, particularly through the upregulation of CXCR7 expression, affecting the metabolism and drug sensitivity of colon cancer cells. The expression levels of MIF in colon cancer tissues and its association with patient prognosis were evaluated by analyzing TCGA and HPA data. Subsequently, the expression levels of MIF in colon cancer cell lines and resistant cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and the effect of MIF on oxaliplatin sensitivity was assessed. The impact of MIF on the metabolic activity of colon cancer cells was measured using a cellular energy metabolism analyzer. Further experiments explored the mechanism by which MIF affects the metabolic activity of colon cancer cells through the upregulation of CXCR7 expression, and the role of CTCF in regulating CXCR7 transcription was validated by silencing CTCF. Finally, the effect of MIF on drug sensitivity of colon cancer cells was verified in a mouse xenograft tumor model. In this study, we found that the expression of MIF in colon cancer tissues was significantly higher than in normal tissues, and high MIF expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients. The expression levels of MIF in resistant colon cancer cell lines were significantly higher than in parental cell lines, and MIF overexpression significantly increased the resistance of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin. Conversely, silencing MIF significantly reduced the IC50 value of resistant cells and increased apoptosis. MIF overexpression significantly increased the ECAR and OCR levels of colon cancer cells, while MIF knockdown significantly reduced these metabolic indicators. Further studies indicated that MIF affects the metabolic activity of colon cancer cells by upregulating CXCR7 expression. CTCF binding peaks at the CXCR7 promoter region and luciferase activity assays indicated that CTCF regulates CXCR7 transcription, and silencing CTCF significantly enhanced the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to oxaliplatin. In vivo experiments in mice showed that MIF silencing combined with oxaliplatin treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and increased the necrotic area of tumor tissues. In conclusion, this study reveals the crucial role of MIF in chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer through the upregulation of CXCR7 expression, with CTCF playing an important regulatory role in this process. Our findings provide new theoretical insights and potential therapeutic targets for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer. Future research should further explore the roles of MIF and CXCR7 in other types of cancers and the potential of MIF and CXCR7 as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyi Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China
| | - Weijie Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China.
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Li Y, Li X, Zheng M, Bu F, Xiang C, Zhang F. Puerarin inhibits HDAC1-induced oxidative stress disorder by activating JNK pathway and alleviates acrolein-induced atherosclerosis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100413. [PMID: 39024795 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Puerarin (Pue) is a Chinese herbal remedy used to prevent and treat AS. Here, this research investigated the effect of Pue on AS progression. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were induced with acrolein. Body weight, blood lipid index, inflammatory factors, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and lipid deposition were detected. IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA. Oil red staining and H&E staining were used to observe the aortic sinus plaque lesions. Serum expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-a, SOD, GSH and MDA were detected by ELISA, the mRNA expression levels of HDAC1 in the aorta were detected by RT-qPCR, and IL-6 and TNF-α in the aorta were detected by immunohistochemistry. JNK, p-JNK, OPA-1, and HDAC1 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Pue administration can effectively reduce lipid accumulation in AS mice induced by acrolein. Pue promoted the activity of SOD, GSH and MDA, and inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and the process of aortic histological changes. Pue reduced IL-6 and TNF-α. HDAC1 expression was down-regulated and p-JNK-1 and JNK protein expression was up-regulated. CONCLUSION Pue reduces inflammation and alleviates AS induced by acrolein by mediating the JNK pathway to inhibit HDAC1-mediated oxidative stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- YeTing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - XiaoNing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Man Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - FanLi Bu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - ChunYan Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - FengLei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongying People's Hospital (Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group), Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
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Patel KD, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Sawadkar P, Nik Sharifulden NSA, Shannon MR, Patel M, Silva LB, Patel R, Chau DYS, Knowles JC, Perriman AW, Kim HW. Oxidative stress modulating nanomaterials and their biochemical roles in nanomedicine. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39018043 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00171k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Many pathological conditions are predominantly associated with oxidative stress, arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, the modulation of redox activities has been a key strategy to restore normal tissue functions. Current approaches involve establishing a favorable cellular redox environment through the administration of therapeutic drugs and redox-active nanomaterials (RANs). In particular, RANs not only provide a stable and reliable means of therapeutic delivery but also possess the capacity to finely tune various interconnected components, including radicals, enzymes, proteins, transcription factors, and metabolites. Here, we discuss the roles that engineered RANs play in a spectrum of pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and inflammation. We visualize the dual functions of RANs as both generator and scavenger of ROS, emphasizing their profound impact on diverse cellular functions. The focus of this review is solely on inorganic redox-active nanomaterials (inorganic RANs). Additionally, we deliberate on the challenges associated with current RANs-based approaches and propose potential research directions for their future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil D Patel
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, SW7 2BX, London, UK
| | - Prasad Sawadkar
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, UK
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Northwick Park and St Mark's Hospitals, London, HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Mark Robert Shannon
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Women University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Lady Barrios Silva
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environment Sciences and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Sciences and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdongwahak-ro, Yeonsungu, Incheon 21938, Republic of Korea
| | - David Y S Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Wang W, Qiao J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Luo J, Chen C, Wang X, Jia P, Zhang J, Pan Q, Guo L. Prevalence of very high cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A population-based cross-sectional screening study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 39020261 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM The 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines categorize cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Assessing CVD risk is necessary to identify individuals at very high risk of CVD, enabling tailored and precise intervention for this high-risk population. This study aims to evaluate the severity of a very high risk for CVD stratification among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) across different regions in China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional screening study from 1 January 2020 to 30 December 2022. Disease duration, body mass index (BMI), targeted organ damage, such as atherosclerotic heart disease, proteinuria, impaired renal function, left ventricular hypertrophy, retinopathy and known CVD risk factors, were collected from diabetic patients by professionally trained physicians. The risk of CV in patients with DM was categorized into two groups: very high risk and others, according to the 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines. RESULTS In total, 1 870 720 participants from 1669 hospitals in 30 provinces of China, excluding Tibet, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao, were enrolled from 2020 to 2022, among whom 67.50% of patients with T2DM were at very high risk for CVD. The proportions of very high-risk T2DM were higher in Northeast China (75.82%), Central China (73.65%) and Southwest China (72.66%), while the lowest prevalence of very high-risk T2DM was found in Southern China (60.15%). The multivariate binary logistic regression analyses suggested that the category of very high risk for CVD is associated with age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.04; p < .0001], BMI (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.07-1.07; p < .0001), duration of DM (OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.05-1.05; p < .0001), hypertension (OR = 3.75; 95% CI: 3.72-3.78; p < .0001), dyslipidaemia (OR = 5.22; 95% CI: 5.18-5.27; p < .0001) and smoking (OR = 2.92; 95% CI: 2.89-2.95; p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS This study represented the largest observational study of CVD risk assessment in patients with T2DM in China. The CVD risk situation of patients with diabetes in China is critical, and comprehensive control and management of CVD risk factors, such as hypertension, BMI and dyslipidaemia, in patients with DM need to be strengthened in patients with T2DM in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingtao Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, SBMS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Jia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Remin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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80
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Zhang C, Yang H, Chang C, Li R, Xiong J, Kang D, He D, Liu XJ, Cheng K, Cao D. Serplulimab combined with gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel and stereotactic body radiotherapy as the first-line treatment for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma in China: a multicentre, single-arm, phase II trial (ICSBR) protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084274. [PMID: 39013651 PMCID: PMC11253733 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain a poor prognosis despite the development of chemotherapy. Although programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade has shown great efficacy in various solid tumours, its application in treating PDAC is limited. Recent studies have indicated that chemotherapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may improve the antitumour effect of PD-1 blockade in patients with PDAC. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined therapy comprising PD-1 blockade, gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy and SBRT for patients with metastatic PDAC. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a multicentre, single-arm, prospective phase II clinical trial. Forty-three patients diagnosed with metastatic PDAC will be enrolled. The eligible patients will be intravenously administered 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine and 125 mg/m2 nab-paclitaxel on days 1 and 8 of the 21-day cycle. Serplulimab (200 mg) will be administered intravenously on day 1 of the 21-day cycle. Furthermore, during the second cycle, the patients will undergo SBRT with doses of 33 Gy in five fractions for primary lesions or doses of 24 Gy in three fractions for metastases. The primary endpoint is the 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate. The secondary endpoints overall survival, PFS, overall response rate, disease control rate, time to progression, duration of response, duration of disease control and safety. Moreover, this trial seeks to investigate biomarkers such as circulating tumour DNA and circulating hybrid cells in patients diagnosed with metastatic PDAC. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Biomedical Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The study results will be presented at international conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2300073237.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Heqi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruizhen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjie Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Kang
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Du He
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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81
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Cumin C, Gee L, Litfin T, Muchabaiwa R, Martin G, Cooper O, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V, Lange T, von Itzstein M, Jacob F, Everest-Dass A. Highly Sensitive Spatial Glycomics at Near-Cellular Resolution by On-Slide Derivatization and Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11163-11171. [PMID: 38953530 PMCID: PMC11256013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Glycans on proteins and lipids play important roles in maturation and cellular interactions, contributing to a variety of biological processes. Aberrant glycosylation has been associated with various human diseases including cancer; however, elucidating the distribution and heterogeneity of glycans in complex tissue samples remains a major challenge. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is routinely used to analyze the spatial distribution of a variety of molecules including N-glycans directly from tissue surfaces. Sialic acids are nine carbon acidic sugars that often exist as the terminal sugars of glycans and are inherently difficult to analyze using MALDI-MSI due to their instability prone to in- and postsource decay. Here, we report on a rapid and robust method for stabilizing sialic acid on N-glycans in FFPE tissue sections. The established method derivatizes and identifies the spatial distribution of α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids through complete methylamidation using methylamine and PyAOP ((7-azabenzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate). Our in situ approach increases the glycans detected and enhances the coverage of sialylated species. Using this streamlined, sensitive, and robust workflow, we rapidly characterize and spatially localize N-glycans in human tumor tissue sections. Additionally, we demonstrate this method's applicability in imaging mammalian cell suspensions directly on slides, achieving cellular resolution with minimal sample processing and cell numbers. This workflow reveals the cellular locations of distinct N-glycan species, shedding light on the biological and clinical significance of these biomolecules in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Cumin
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Ovarian
Cancer Research, University Hospital Basel,
University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Lindsay Gee
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Thomas Litfin
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Ropafadzo Muchabaiwa
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Gael Martin
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Oren Cooper
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Ovarian
Cancer Research, University Hospital Basel,
University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
- Hospital
for Women, Department of Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute
of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg
(UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
- Institute
of Anatomy I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany (CCCG), Jena University Hospital, Jena 07740, Germany
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian
Cancer Research, University Hospital Basel,
University of Basel, Basel 4001, Switzerland
| | - Arun Everest-Dass
- Institute
for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
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82
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Dang S, Zhang S, Zhao J, Li W. Efficacy and toxicity of KRAS G12C inhibitors in advanced solid tumors: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:182. [PMID: 39010022 PMCID: PMC11251097 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and toxicity of KRASG12C inhibitors were evaluated for advanced solid tumors in several studies; however, the results were not fully consistent. METHODS Clinical trials evaluating KRASG12C inhibitors for advanced solid tumors were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library online databases up to 31st December 2023. The characteristics of the studies and the results of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS) rate, overall survival (OS) rate, and treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) were extracted. RESULTS Ten studies with 925 heavily pretreated advanced patients harboring KRASG12C mutation were included. For total population, the pooled analysis of ORR was 28.6% (95%CI, 21.2-36.6%), DCR was 85.5% (95%CI, 82.2-88.6%), PFS rate at 6 months (PFS6) was 49.6% (95%CI, 41.4-57.9%), PFS rate at 12 months (PFS12) was 26.7% (95%CI, 19.8-34.1%), OS rates at 6 months (OS6) was 76.2% (95%CI, 68.8-82.9%), OS rates at 12 months (OS12) was 47.8% (95%CI, 38.6-57.0%). The pooled analysis of any grade trAEs was 79.3% (95%CI, 66.2-90.0%) and grade three or more trAEs was 24.4% (95%CI, 16.7-32.9%). The median time to response and DoR results from individual data were 1.39 months (95%CI, 1.37-1.41 months) and 10.54 months (95%CI, 7.72-13.36 months). Sotorasib had significantly lower pooled incidences of any trAEs (OR, 0.07, 95%CI, 0.03-0.14) and grade three or more trAES (OR, 0.34, 95%CI, 0.24-0.49) compared with adagrasib. CONCLUSIONS KRASG12C inhibitors have good ORR, DCR, PFS rate, OS rate, tolerable trAEs, and early response with long duration in advanced solid tumors; however, most of the pooled results were heterogeneous. Sotorasib has shown better safety results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoutao Dang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2, Xihuan South Road, Yizhuang Town, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2, Xihuan South Road, Yizhuang Town, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyang Zhao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2, Xihuan South Road, Yizhuang Town, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2, Xihuan South Road, Yizhuang Town, Beijing, China.
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83
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Yang B, Wang Z, Wang S, Li X. Unveiling the Hub Genes Involved in Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04307-0. [PMID: 39012411 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal that can cause severe liver damage in both humans and animals. However, the specific genes responsible for Cd-induced hepatotoxicity are still not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the key genes associated with Cd-induced liver damage. To achieve this, we utilized the GSE19662 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), which consisted of rat hepatocyte samples treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) as well as control groups. By focusing on rat hepatocytes treated with 0.10 ppm of CdCl2, the study identified 851 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 438 genes being upregulated and 413 genes being downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in inflammatory responses, xenobiotic metabolic processes, and the response to drugs and xenobiotic stimuli. Finally, the study identified several hub genes, including CYP2E1, CYP3A62, CYP2C11, CYP2C13, CYP2B3, HSP90B1, HSP90AA1, GSTA2, and MAPK8, which were associated with CdCl2-induced liver damage. Furthermore, pathway analysis demonstrated that these hub genes were mainly linked to pathways involved in chemical carcinogenesis, metabolic processes, steroid hormone biosynthesis, retinol metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, inflammatory mediator regulation, Ras, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. In conclusion, this study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China.
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84
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Zhang J, Nie C, Zhang Y, Yang L, Du X, Liu L, Chen Y, Yang Q, Zhu X, Li Q. Analysis of mechanism, therapeutic strategies, and potential natural compounds against atherosclerosis by targeting iron overload-induced oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117112. [PMID: 39018869 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell demise characterized primarily by the reduction of trivalent iron to divalent iron, leading to the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent induction of intense oxidative stress. In atherosclerosis (AS), highly accumulated lipids are modified by ROS to promote the formation of lipid peroxides, further amplifying cellular oxidative stress damage to influence all stages of atherosclerotic development. Macrophages are regarded as pivotal executors in the progression of AS and the handling of iron, thus targeting macrophage iron metabolism holds significant guiding implications for exploring potential therapeutic strategies against AS. In this comprehensive review, we elucidate the potential interplay among iron overload, inflammation, and lipid dysregulation, summarizing the potential mechanisms underlying the suppression of AS by alleviating iron overload. Furthermore, the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is increasingly widespread. Based on extant research and the pharmacological foundations of active compounds of TCM, we propose alternative therapeutic agents for AS in the context of iron overload, aiming to diversify the therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chunxia Nie
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xinke Du
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China; State key laboratory for quality ensurance and sustainable use ofdao-di herbs, Beijing 100700, China.
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85
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Dunbar H, Hawthorne IJ, English K. MAC attack: MSCs and macrophages join forces against chronic lung infection. Thorax 2024; 79:698-699. [PMID: 38575316 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Dunbar
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Ian James Hawthorne
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Karen English
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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86
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Liang S, Li L, Guo Z, Sun H, Yang Y. Co-expression of CD44v6 and MMP2 predicts lung metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in osteosarcoma. Future Oncol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39011948 DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2370234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the prognostic significance of CD44 variant v6 (CD44v6) and matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) expression in patients with surgically resected osteosarcoma. Methods: CD44v6 and MMP2 expression were immunohistochemically detected in 113 primary osteosarcoma patients at our institute between 2001 and 2019. Results: Both CD44v6 and MMP2 were independent predictors for metastasis-free and overall survival. An extended predictive range and improved sensitivity were observed when the combined effects of CD44v6 and MMP2 were considered. Specifically, patients with CD44v6+ and MMP2+ expression were more susceptible to lung metastasis and exhibited the poorest survival rates compared with the other groups. Conclusion: The combination of CD44v6 and MMP2 may serve as a precise prognostic indicator for predicting metastatic progression and survival outcomes in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoulei Liang
- Department of orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, No.21, Jianshe North Road, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, No.21, Jianshe North Road, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Zhiliang Guo
- Department of orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, No.21, Jianshe North Road, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Haijing Sun
- Department of orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, No.21, Jianshe North Road, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Tangshan, No.21, Jianshe North Road, Tangshan 063000, China
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Sharma N, Sharma A, Park M, Lee HJ. Silkworm-derived carbon nano rods (swCNR) for detection of bismuth ions (Bi 3+) in aquatic medium and their antiradical properties. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33572. [PMID: 39040249 PMCID: PMC11261021 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The extensive utilization of bismuth and its derivatives in many industries, such as chemical, semiconductor, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics, leads to their accumulation in wastewater, posing a risk to both human health and the environment. Carbon nanorods (CNR) are fluorescent nanoparticles with an ability to detect various analytes as sensing probes. This study focuses on the production, structure, and chemical composition characterization of silkworm-derived CNR (swCNR) and their ability to detect bismuth ions (Bi3+) and inhibit radicals. The optimum wavelength for exciting the fluorescence of swCNR was 370 nm, and the resulting emission peak was observed at 436 nm. The prepared swCNR showed static fluorescence quenching mechanism-based sensing of Bi3+ ions with a limit of detection of 175 nM and two linear ranges from 0.5 to 5 μM (R2 = 0.9997) and 10-50 μM (R2 = 0.9995). The swCNR demonstrated high selectivity in detecting Bi3+ ions in the spiked river water samples, thus establishing the swCNR's role as a nano fluorescence probe designed for the selective detection of Bi3+ ions among other metal ions. Favorable results for the antiradical ability of swCNR were obtained against hydroxyl, 2,2 diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl, and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals with scavenging percentages of 15, 32, and 90, respectively. The possible applications of swCNR in the environmental and antioxidant sectors are proposed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- College of Bionanotechnology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Anshul Sharma
- College of Bionanotechnology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Miey Park
- College of Bionanotechnology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- College of Bionanotechnology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
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88
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Yu Q, Qu C, Liang J, Chen P, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Liu S, Yang Z, Sun H, Yang A. ESF1 and MIPEP proteins promote estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer proliferation and are associated with patient prognosis. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:50. [PMID: 39004717 PMCID: PMC11247778 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer accounts for two-thirds of all breast cancers, and its early and late recurrences still threaten patients' long-term survival and quality of life. Finding candidate tumor antigens and potential therapeutic targets is critical to addressing these unmet needs. METHOD The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis was employed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between ER + breast cancer and corresponding adjacent normal tissue. Candidate DEPs were screened by bioinformatic analyses, and their expression was confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and western blot. A series of in vitro experiments, including wound healing assay, colony formation, and cell cycle assay, were performed to reveal the functions of selected DEPs. Additionally, their clinical significances were further analyzed. RESULT A total of 369 DEPs (fold change ≥ 2.0 or ≤ 0.66, P < 0.05) were discovered. Compared with normal tissue, 358 proteins were up-regulated and 11 proteins were down-regulated in ER + breast cancer. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEPs were closely associated with RNA regulation and metabolic pathways. STRING analysis found ESF1 and MIPEP were the hub genes in breast cancer, whose increased expressions were verified by the IHC staining and western blot. Knocking down ESF1 and MIPEP inhibited colony formation and increased cell apoptosis. Besides, knocking down ESF1 inhibited wound healing but not MIPEP. In addition, ESF1 and MIPEP expression were negatively associated with patient prognosis. CONCLUSION The upregulation of ESF1 and MIPEP promoted ER + breast cancer proliferation, which might provide novel targets for the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Peiqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yanji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zherui Li
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoshou Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, The First Clinical Medicine School of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
| | - Hongyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
| | - Anli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China.
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89
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Wang X, Tang P, Yang K, Guo S, Tang Y, Zhang H, Wang Q. Regulation of bone homeostasis by traditional Chinese medicine active scaffolds and enhancement for the osteoporosis bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118141. [PMID: 38570149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as naringin (NG), Eucommiol, isopsoralen, icariin, Astragalus polysaccharides, and chondroitin sulfate, contained in Drynariae Rhizoma, Eucommiae Cortex, Psoralea corylifolia, Herba Epimedii, Astragalus radix and deer antler, are considered promising candidates for enhancing the healing of osteoporotic defects due to their outstanding bone homeostasis regulating properties. They are commonly used to activate bone repair scaffolds. AIM OF THE REVIEW Bone repair scaffolds are inadequate to meet the demands of osteoporotic defect healing due to the lack of regulation of bone homeostasis. Therefore, selecting bone scaffolds activated with TCM to improve the therapeutic effect of repairing osteoporotic bone defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS To gather information on bone scaffold activated by traditional Chinese medicine, we conducted a thorough search of several scientific databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scifinder, Baidu Scholar, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). RESULTS This review discusses the mechanism of TCM active ingredients in regulating bone homeostasis, including stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption process and the healing mechanism of traditional bone repair scaffolds activated by them for osteoporotic defect healing. CONCLUSION In general, the introduction of TCM active ingredients provides a novel therapeutic approach for modulating bone homeostasis and facilitating osteoporotic defect healing, and also offers a new strategy for design of other unconventional bone defect healing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Pengfei Tang
- Failure Mechanics & Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Shuangquan Guo
- Chengdu Holy (Group) Industry Co. Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youhong Tang
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Hongping Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Qingyuan Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China; Failure Mechanics & Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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90
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Zhang X, Li Y, Li B, Wu J, Zhang J, Ding X. Washed microbiota transplantation in an elderly patient with lymphocytic leukemia and Clostridioides difficile infection: A case report illustrating a triumph over complexity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32450. [PMID: 39040423 PMCID: PMC11260954 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is recommended for treating patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). However, the therapeutic efficacy of FMT in elderly patients with complex medical conditions remains uncertain. The new method of FMT, washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) has been widely used in China to improve the safety of transplantation. Case report A 94-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent diarrhea persisting for eight months. The patient had experienced multiple relapses of CDI despite receiving standard therapies. He underwent colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) and subsequently received WMT during the procedure. Following the treatment, no episodes of diarrhea or adverse events were observed, and the patient remained stable over a three-month follow-up period. Conclusion This case demonstrates the efficacy and safety of WMT in treating elderly patients with CLL. The successful management of this case offers valuable clinical insights into the use of WMT for elderly CDI patients with complex medical conditions. Moreover, this report contributes practical experience regarding the administration of WMT through the colonic TET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Erlonglu Hospital, Beijing, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Erlonglu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junmei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Erlonglu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Ding
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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91
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Zugazagoitia J, Osma H, Baena J, Ucero AC, Paz-Ares L. Facts and Hopes on Cancer Immunotherapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2872-2883. [PMID: 38630789 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy plus PD1 axis blockade is the standard of care in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Despite the robust and consistent increase in long-term survival with PD1 axis inhibition, the magnitude of the benefit from immunotherapy seems lower than that for other solid tumors. Several immune evasive mechanisms have been shown to be prominently altered in human SCLC, including T-cell exclusion, downregulation of components of the MHC class I antigen processing and presentation machinery, or upregulation of macrophage inhibitory checkpoints, among others. New immunotherapies aiming to target some of these dominant immune suppressive features are being intensively evaluated preclinically and clinically in SCLC. They include strategies to enhance the efficacy and/or reverse features that promote intrinsic resistance to PD1 axis inhibition (e.g., restoring MHC class I deficiency and targeting DNA damage response) and novel immunomodulatory agents beyond T-cell checkpoint blockers (e.g., T cell-redirecting strategies, antibody-drug conjugates, or macrophage checkpoint blockers). Among them, delta-like ligand 3-targeted bispecific T-cell engagers have shown the most compelling preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy and hold promise as therapies that might contribute to further improve patient outcomes in this disease. In this study, we first provide a brief overview of key tumor microenvironment features of human SCLC. Then, we update the current clinical evidence with immune checkpoint blockade and review other emerging immunotherapy strategies that are gaining increasing attention in SCLC. We finally summarize our future perspective on immunotherapy and precision oncology for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Zugazagoitia
- Department of Medical Oncology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Lung Cancer Clinical Research Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Carlos III Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Handerson Osma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinica Vida and Hospital Alma Mater de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Asociación Colombiana de Hematología y Oncología (ACHO), Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - Javier Baena
- Department of Medical Oncology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Lung Cancer Clinical Research Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro C Ucero
- Department of Medical Oncology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Lung Cancer Clinical Research Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Carlos III Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Department of Medical Oncology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Lung Cancer Clinical Research Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Carlos III Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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92
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El Sohafy SM, Shams Eldin SM, Sallam SM, Bakry R, Nassra RA, Dawood HM. Exploring the ethnopharmacological significance of Cynara scolymus bracts: Integrating metabolomics, in-Vitro cytotoxic studies and network pharmacology for liver and breast anticancer activity assessment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118583. [PMID: 39013541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver and breast cancers are the most dominant cancer types with high occurrence rates. Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) has been reputed for its traditional use in alleviating many liver and gallbladder ailments beside its anticancer activity against various types of cancer cells. AIM OF THE STUDY To demonstrate detailed chemical matrices of the different plant parts and evaluate their cytotoxic activities aiming to unveil the relationship between these activities and the intrinsic metabolites using metabolomic studies, in-vitro experiments and network pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical profiling of extracts from the different plant parts (stems, leaves, bracts and receptacles) was performed using HPLC/QqQ/MS followed by unsupervised chemometric studies. In-vitro cytotoxic potentials of the extracts were evaluated on breast and liver cancer cell line then an OPLS study using linear regression was conducted. Consequently, a network pharmacology analysis on the most bioactive plant organ was applied. RESULTS Unsupervised chemometric analysis revealed that kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-D-galacturonopyranoside, chrysoeriol-7-rutinoside and 1-caffeoylquinic acid were responsible for the segregation of the bract (CSB) segregated from the rest of the plant organs. Interestingly, CSB extract possessed the highest potential in-vitro cytotoxic activity against both liver and breast cancer cells (IC50 = 1.65 and 1.77 μg/mL). As expected, the aforementioned biomarkers were observed to be the discriminatory cytotoxic metabolites in the constructed supervised chemometric model. Network pharmacology analysis on CSB revealed 27 liver cancer-related metabolites of which, 1-caffeoylquinic acid was the most enriched one contributing to 13% of the total interactions. Furthermore, 38 target genes were involved, the most enriched of which were Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B10) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). KEGG pathway analysis unveiled 23 significantly related pathways including metabolic pathways that possessed the lowest p-value (1.6E-5). CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that CSB is a significant source of cytotoxic metabolites against breast cancer and liver cancer cell lines, hence, drawing attention to the pharmaceutical and medicinal value of this negligible plant organ and paving the route for insightful research into its exact pharmacological cytotoxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M El Sohafy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Safa M Shams Eldin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Sallam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Rania Bakry
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiopharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rasha A Nassra
- Medical Biochemistry department, faculty of medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hend M Dawood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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93
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Réthi-Nagy Z, Juhász S. Microbiome's Universe: Impact on health, disease and cancer treatment. J Biotechnol 2024; 392:161-179. [PMID: 39009231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome is a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms that reside in the body and influence various aspects of health and well-being. Recent advances in sequencing technology have brought to light microbial communities in organs and tissues that were previously considered sterile. The gut microbiota plays an important role in host physiology, including metabolic functions and immune modulation. Disruptions in the balance of the microbiome, known as dysbiosis, have been linked to diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and metabolic disorders. In addition, the administration of antibiotics can lead to dysbiosis by disrupting the structure and function of the gut microbial community. Targeting strategies are the key to rebalancing the microbiome and fighting disease, including cancer, through interventions such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and bacteria-based therapies. Future research must focus on understanding the complex interactions between diet, the microbiome and cancer in order to optimize personalized interventions. Multidisciplinary collaborations are essential if we are going to translate microbiome research into clinical practice. This will revolutionize approaches to cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsánna Réthi-Nagy
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Cancer Microbiome Core Group, Budapesti út 9, Szeged H-6728, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Juhász
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Cancer Microbiome Core Group, Budapesti út 9, Szeged H-6728, Hungary.
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94
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Alisi A, McCaughan G, Grønbæk H. Role of gut microbiota and immune cells in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: clinical impact. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10674-6. [PMID: 38995341 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, a revised definition of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MAFLD) was proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). Liver steatosis and at least one of the three metabolic risk factors, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, or signs of metabolic dysregulation, are used to diagnose MAFLD. MAFLD, similarly to NAFLD, is characterized by a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis to advanced metabolic steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis, and may progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer, including increased risk of other critical extrahepatic diseases. Even though the pathophysiology of MAFLD and potential therapeutic targets have been explored in great detail, there is yet no Food and Drug Administration approved treatment. Recently, gut microbiome-derived products (e.g., endotoxins and metabolites) involved in intestinal barrier disruption, systemic inflammation, and modification of intrahepatic immunity have been associated with MAFLD development and progression. Therefore, different strategies could be adopted to modify the gut microbiome to improve outcomes in early and progressive MAFLD. Here, we provide an overview of mechanisms that may link the gut microbiome and immune response during the onset of liver steatosis and progression to steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with MAFLD. Finally, gut microbiota-based approaches are discussed as potential personalized treatments against MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alisi
- Research Unit of Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesu' Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Geoffrey McCaughan
- A.W Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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95
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Cheng Y, Chen J, Zhang W, Xie C, Hu Q, Zhou N, Huang C, Wei S, Sun H, Li X, Yu Y, Lai J, Yang H, Fang H, Chen H, Zhang P, Gu K, Wang Q, Shi J, Yi T, Xu X, Ye X, Wang D, Xie C, Liu C, Zheng Y, Lin D, Zhuang W, Lu P, Yu G, Li J, Gu Y, Li B, Wu R, Jiang O, Wang Z, Wu G, Lin H, Zhong D, Xu Y, Shu Y, Wu D, Chen X, Wang J, Wang M, Yang R. Benmelstobart, anlotinib and chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial. Nat Med 2024:10.1038/s41591-024-03132-1. [PMID: 38992123 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Immunochemotherapy is the first-line standard for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Combining the regimen with anti-angiogenesis may improve efficacy. ETER701 was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial that investigated the efficacy and safety of benmelstobart (a novel programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor) with anlotinib (a multi-target anti-angiogenic small molecule) and standard chemotherapy in treatment-naive ES-SCLC. The ETER701 trial assessed two primary endpoints: Independent Review Committee-assessed progression-free survival per RECIST 1.1 and overall survival (OS). Here the prespecified final progression-free survival and interim OS analysis is reported. Patients randomly received benmelstobart and anlotinib plus etoposide/carboplatin (EC; n = 246), placebo and anlotinib plus EC (n = 245) or double placebo plus EC ('EC alone'; n = 247), followed by matching maintenance therapy. Compared with EC alone, median OS was prolonged with benmelstobart and anlotinib plus EC (19.3 versus 11.9 months; hazard ratio 0.61; P = 0.0002), while improvement of OS was not statistically significant with anlotinib plus EC (13.3 versus 11.9 months; hazard ratio 0.86; P = 0.1723). The incidence of grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events was 93.1%, 94.3% and 87.0% in the benmelstobart and anlotinib plus EC, anlotinib plus EC, and EC alone groups, respectively. This study of immunochemotherapy plus multi-target anti-angiogenesis as first-line treatment achieved a median OS greater than recorded in prior randomized studies in patients with ES-SCLC. The safety profile was assessed as tolerable and manageable. Our findings suggest that the addition of anti-angiogenesis therapy to immunochemotherapy may represent an efficacious and safe approach to the management of ES-SCLC. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04234607 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China.
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Xie
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Hu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Huang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shihong Wei
- Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingya Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhuo Lai
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaping Yang
- Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Hualin Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangsheng Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Tienan Yi
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xingxiang Xu
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xianwei Ye
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Conghua Xie
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daren Lin
- Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Wu Zhuang
- Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jinzhang Li
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yuhai Gu
- Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Baolan Li
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ou Jiang
- The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, China
| | - Zaiyi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guowu Wu
- Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Yanhua Xu
- Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | | | - Di Wu
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingwu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang F, Wang Y, Shao Y, Zhang R, Li M, Liu L, Zhao Q. M2 Macrophage Classification of Colorectal Cancer Reveals Intrinsic Connections with Metabolism Reprogramming and Clinical Characteristics. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2024; 17:383-399. [PMID: 39011168 PMCID: PMC11249104 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s458798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immune cell interactions and metabolic changes are crucial in determining the tumor microenvironment and affecting various clinical outcomes. However, the clinical significance of metabolism evolution of immune cell evolution in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unexplored. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing data were acquired from TCGA and GEO datasets. For the analysis of macrophage differentiation trajectories, we employed the R packages Seurat and Monocle. Consensus clustering was further applied to identify the molecular classification. Immunohistochemical results from AOM and AOM/DSS models were used to validate macrophage expression. Subsequently, GSEA, ESTIMATE scores, prognosis, clinical characteristics, mutational burden, immune cell infiltration, and the variance in gene expression among different clusters were compared. We constructed a prognostic model and nomograms based on metabolic gene signatures identified through the MEGENA framework. Results We found two heterogeneous groups of M2 macrophages with various clinical outcomes through the evolutionary process. The prognosis of Cluster 2 was poorer. Further investigation showed that Cluster 2 constituted a metabolically active group while Cluster 1 was comparatively metabolically inert. Metabolic variations in M2 macrophages during tumor development are related to tumor prognosis. Additionally, Cluster 2 showed the most pronounced genomic instability and had highly elevated metabolic pathways, notably those associated with the ECM. We identified eight metabolic genes (PRELP, NOTCH3, CNOT6, ASRGL1, SRSF1, PSMD4, RPL31, and CNOT7) to build a predictive model validated in CRC datasets. Then, a nomogram based on the M2 risk score improved predictive performance. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy may benefit patients with low-risk. Discussion Our research reveals underlying relationships between metabolic phenotypes and immunological profiles and suggests a unique M2 classification technique for CRC. The identified gene signatures may be key factors linking immunity and tumor metabolism, warranting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxing Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Youwei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Runan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
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97
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Ding H, Hao L, Mao H. Magneto-responsive biocomposites in wound healing: from characteristics to functions. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 38990160 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00743c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The number of patients with non-healing wounds continuously increases, and has become a prominent societal issue that imposes a heavy burden on both patients and the entire healthcare system. Although traditional dressings play an important role in wound healing, the complexity and diversity of the healing process pose serious challenges in this field. Magneto-responsive biocomposites, with their excellent biocompatibility, remote spatiotemporal controllability, and unique convenience, demonstrate enticing advantages in the field of wound dressings. However, current research on magneto-responsive biocomposites as wound dressings lacks comprehensive and in-depth reviews, which to some extent, restricts the deeper understanding and further development of this field. Based on this, this paper reviews the latest advances in magnetic responsive wound dressings for wound healing. First, we review the process of skin wound healing and parameters for assessing repair progress. Then, we systematically discuss the preparation strategies and unique characteristics of magneto-responsive biocomposites, focusing on magneto-induced orientation, magneto-induced mechanical stimulation, and magnetocaloric effect. Subsequently, this review elaborates the multiple mechanisms of magneto-responsive biocomposites in promoting wound healing, including regulating cell behavior, enhancing electrical signal, controlling drug release, and accelerating tissue reconstruction. Finally, we further propose the development direction and future challenges of magnetic responsive biomaterials as wound dressings in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Ding
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Lili Hao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Hongli Mao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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98
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He S, Zhu C, Liu X, Wang Y. Parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward vaccinating their children against influenza: a cross-sectional study from China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1404506. [PMID: 39050597 PMCID: PMC11267369 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1404506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Influenza infection is a health burden in children, and the influenza vaccine is an important prevention strategy for flu illness. Parents play a crucial role in children's influenza vaccination. The study aimed to assess parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to influenza illness for their children and explore factors that may impact their decisions. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from November 2022 to April 2023. Answers to KAP questions regarding influenza illness and vaccination were summed, with a total KAP score of 20. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models and linear regression models were conducted to explore the factors associated with influenza vaccination. The results were presented as odds ratios (ORs), β, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Overall, 530 parents were respondents, of whom 162 (30.56%) had vaccinated their children during the past year. The mean KAP score (standard deviation) was 13.40 (3.57). Compared to parents who reported non-vaccinated for their children in the past year, the parents who reported an influenza vaccination have higher knowledge scores, attitude scores, practice scores, and total scores. Child body mass index, parental education level (under college), parental work (part-time), and more than two family members over 60 years old were negatively correlated with knowledge score. Child health condition and knowledge score were positively correlated with attitude score. Parental age was negatively associated with attitude score. Conclusion Though high awareness about influenza illness and vaccination for parents, the coverage rate of influenza vaccination in children was lower in Guangzhou. Implementing public health policies is necessary to spread knowledge about influenza illness and vaccination and to promote the practice of receiving the influenza vaccine in children. Education campaigns would help change the attitudes of parents toward vaccinating their children against the flu.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Infection Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China
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Oya Y, Imaizumi K, Mitsudomi T. The next-generation KRAS inhibitors…What comes after sotorasib and adagrasib? Lung Cancer 2024; 194:107886. [PMID: 39047616 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is one of the first driver oncogenes identified in human cancer in the early 1980s. However, it has been deemed 'undruggable' for nearly four decades until the discovery of KRAS G12C covalent inhibitors, which marked a pivotal breakthrough. Currently, sotorasib and adagrasib have been approved by the US FDA to treat patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring KRAS G12C mutation. However, their efficacy is somewhat limited compared to that of other targeted therapies owing to intrinsic resistance or early acquisition of resistance. While G12C is the predominant subtype of KRAS mutations in NSCLC, G12D/V is prevalent in colorectal and pancreatic cancers. These facts have spurred active research to develop more potent KRAS G12C inhibitors as well as inhibitors targeting non-G12C KRAS mutations. Novel approaches, such as molecular shielding or targeted protein degradation, are also under development. Combining KRAS inhibitors with inhibitors of the receptor-tyrosine kinase-RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is underway to counteract redundant feedback mechanisms. Additionally, immunological approaches utilizing T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell therapy or vaccines, and Hapimmune antibodies are ongoing. This review delineates the recent advancements in KRAS inhibitor development in the post-sotorasib/adagrasib era, with a focus on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Oya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Izumi City General Hospital, Japan; Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan.
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Tabrizi E, Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi F, Mahmoud Khaled G, Sestito MP, Jamie S, Boone BA. Unraveling the gut microbiome's contribution to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1434771. [PMID: 39044834 PMCID: PMC11263025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1434771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), influencing oncogenesis, immune responses, and treatment outcomes. Studies have identified microbial species like Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, that promote PDAC progression through various mechanisms. Additionally, the gut microbiome affects immune cell activation and response to immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T therapy. Specific microbes and their metabolites play a significant role in the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Alterations in the gut microbiome can either enhance or diminish responses to PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 blockade therapy. Additionally, bacterial metabolites like trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) impact antitumor immunity, offering potential targets to augment immunotherapy responses. Modulating the microbiome through fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary changes, and antibiotics shows promise in PDAC treatment, although outcomes are highly variable. Dietary modifications, particularly high-fiber diets and specific fat consumption, influence microbiome composition and impact cancer risk. Combining microbiome-based therapies with existing treatments holds potential for improving PDAC therapy outcomes, but further research is needed to optimize their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Tabrizi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Gehad Mahmoud Khaled
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael P. Sestito
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Saeid Jamie
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brian A. Boone
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States
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