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Alfieri M, Ambrosone A, Vaccaro M, De Tommasi N, Leone A. Overcoming Metabolic Constraints in the MEP-Pathway Enrich Salvia sclarea Hairy Roots in Therapeutic Abietane Diterpenes. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:7116. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abietane diterpenoids (e.g., carnosic acid, aethiopinone, 1-oxoaethiopinone, salvipisone, and ferruginol) synthesized in the roots of several Salvia species have proved to have promising biological activities, but their use on a large scale is limited by the very low content extracted from in vivo roots. In this review, we summarized our efforts and the achieved results aimed at optimizing the synthesis of these diterpenes in Salvia sclarea hairy roots by either elicitation or by modifying the expression of genes encoding enzymes of the MEP-pathway, the biosynthetic route from which they derive. Stable S. sclarea hairy roots (HRs) were treated with methyl jasmonate or coronatine, or genetically engineered, by tuning the expression of genes controlling enzymatic rate-limiting steps (DXS, DXR, GGPPS, CPPS alone or in combination), by silencing of the Ent-CPPS gene, encoding an enzyme acting at gibberellin lateral competitive route or by coordinate up-regulation of biosynthetic genes mediated by transcription factors (WRKY and MYC2). Altogether, these different approaches successfully increased the amount of abietane diterpenes in S. sclarea HRs from to 2 to 30 times over the content found in the control HR line.
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Abstract
Micromonospora, one of the most important actinomycetes genera, is well-known as the treasure trove of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs). Herein, together with an in-depth genomic analysis of the reported Micromonospora strains, all SMs from this genus are comprehensively summarized, containing structural features, bioactive properties, and mode of actions as well as their biosynthetic and chemical synthesis pathways. The perspective enables a detailed view of Micromonospora-derived SMs, which will enrich the chemical diversity of natural products and inspire new drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqi Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mingyuan Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Yu HQ, Li G, Lou HX. Isolation, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activity of Polycyclic Xanthones From Actinomycetes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:922089. [PMID: 35910634 PMCID: PMC9327801 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.922089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products from actinomycetes serve as a crucial source of clinical pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics and anticancer agents. Among them, polycyclic xanthones belong to a growing group of highly oxygenated aromatic polyketides with a xanthone-containing angular hexacyclic framework. These biosynthetically unique small molecules are of great interest due to their wide spectrum of biological activities, especially the remarkable antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria and the significant antineoplastic effects toward various cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations. Their complex structures and significant bioactivities have aroused considerable attention in the chemical and biological communities in recent decades. This review covers the isolation, the biosynthesis, and the biological studies toward these structurally complex and biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Li,
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Hong-Xiang Lou,
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Barba-ostria C, Carrera-pacheco SE, Gonzalez-pastor R, Heredia-moya J, Mayorga-ramos A, Rodríguez-pólit C, Zúñiga-miranda J, Arias-almeida B, Guamán LP. Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Current Trends and Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:4490. [PMID: 35889361 PMCID: PMC9324072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Plants, bacteria, and insects represent sources of biomolecules with diverse activities, which are in many cases poorly studied. To use these molecules for different applications, it is essential to know their structure, concentrations, and biological activity potential. In vitro techniques that evaluate the biological activity of the molecules of interest have been developed since the 1950s. Currently, different methodologies have emerged to overcome some of the limitations of these traditional techniques, mainly via reductions in time and costs. These emerging technologies continue to appear due to the urgent need to expand the analysis capacity of a growing number of reported biomolecules. This review presents an updated summary of the conventional and relevant methods to evaluate the natural compounds’ biological activity in vitro.
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Adetunji TL, Olawale F, Olisah C, Adetunji AE, Aremu AO. Capsaicin: A Two-Decade Systematic Review of Global Research Output and Recent Advances Against Human Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908487. [PMID: 35912207 PMCID: PMC9326111 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is one of the most important natural products in the genus Capsicum. Due to its numerous biological effects, there has been extensive and increasing research interest in capsaicin, resulting in increased scientific publications in recent years. Therefore, an in-depth bibliometric analysis of published literature on capsaicin from 2001 to 2021 was performed to assess the global research status, thematic and emerging areas, and potential insights into future research. Furthermore, recent research advances of capsaicin and its combination therapy on human cancer as well as their potential mechanisms of action were described. In the last two decades, research outputs on capsaicin have increased by an estimated 18% per year and were dominated by research articles at 93% of the 3753 assessed literature. In addition, anti-cancer/pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity, in vivo neurological and pain research studies were the keyword clusters generated and designated as thematic domains for capsaicin research. It was evident that the United States, China, and Japan accounted for about 42% of 3753 publications that met the inclusion criteria. Also, visibly dominant collaboration nodes and networks with most of the other identified countries were established. Assessment of the eligible literature revealed that the potential of capsaicin for mitigating cancer mainly entailed its chemo-preventive effects, which were often linked to its ability to exert multi-biological effects such as anti-mutagenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, clinical studies were limited, which may be related to some of the inherent challenges associated with capsaicin in the limited clinical trials. This review presents a novel approach to visualizing information about capsaicin research and a comprehensive perspective on the therapeutic significance and applications of capsaicin in the treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Lois Adetunji
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Group, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Department of Botany and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | | | - Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Mori M, Cazzaniga G, Meneghetti F, Villa S, Gelain A. Insights on the Modulation of SIRT5 Activity: A Challenging Balance. Molecules 2022; 27:4449. [PMID: 35889322 PMCID: PMC9316768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT5 is a member of the Sirtuin family, a class of deacetylating enzymes consisting of seven isoforms, involved in the regulation of several processes, including gene expression, metabolism, stress response, and aging. Considering that the anomalous activity of SIRT5 is linked to many pathological conditions, we present herein an overview of the most interesting modulators, with the aim of contributing to further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefania Villa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy; (M.M.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (A.G.)
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Wu D, Hacking SM, Chavarria H, Abdelwahed M, Nasim M. Computational portraits of the tumoral microenvironment in human breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2022; 481:367-385. [PMID: 35821350 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in humans. In recent years, myxoid and proportionated stroma have been described as clinically significant in many cancer subtypes. Here computational portraits of tumor-associated stromata were created from a machine learning (ML) classifier using QuPath to evaluate proportionated stromal area (PSA), myxoid stromal ratio (MSR), and immune stroma proportion (ISP) from whole slide images (WSI). The ML classifier was validated in independent training (n = 40) and validation (n = 109) cohorts finding MSR, PSA, and ISP to be associated with tumor stage, lymph node status, Nottingham grade, stromal differentiation (SD), tumor size, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (HER-2). Overall, MSR correlated better with the clinicopathologic profile than PSA and ISP. High MSR was found to be associated with high tumor stage, low ISP, and high Nottingham histologic score. As a computational biomarker, high MSR was more likely to be associated with luminal B like, Her-2 enriched, and triple-negative biomarker status when compared to luminal A like. The supervised ML superpixel approach demonstrated here can be performed by a trained pathologist to provide a faster and more uniformed approach to the analysis to the tumoral microenvironment (TME). The TME may be relevant for clinical decision-making, determining chemotherapeutic efficacy, and guiding a more overall precision-based breast cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Greenvale, NY, USA.
| | - Sean M Hacking
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Translational Bioinformatics Lab, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hector Chavarria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Greenvale, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Abdelwahed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Greenvale, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Translational Bioinformatics Lab, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Mansoor Nasim
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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1358
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Hou S. Genistein: Therapeutic and Preventive Effects, Mechanisms, and Clinical Application in Digestive Tract Tumor. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:5957378. [PMID: 35815271 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5957378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Genistein is one of the numerous recognized isoflavones that may be found in a variety of soybeans and soy products, including tofu and tofu products. The chemical name for genistein is 4', 5, 7-trihydroxyisoflavone, and it is found in plants. In recent years, the scientific world has become more interested in genistein because of its possible therapeutic effects on many forms of cancer. It has been widely investigated for its anticancer properties. The discovery of genistein's mechanism of action indicates its potential for apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest in gastrointestinal cancer, especially gastric and colorectal cancer. Genistein's pharmacological activities as determined by the experimental studies presented in this review lend support to its use in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer; however, additional research is needed in the future to determine its efficacy, safety, and the potential for using nanotechnology to increase bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
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1359
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Boukhers I, Boudard F, Morel S, Servent A, Portet K, Guzman C, Vitou M, Kongolo J, Michel A, Poucheret P. Nutrition, Healthcare Benefits and Phytochemical Properties of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Leaves Sourced from Three Countries (Reunion, Guinea, and Costa Rica). Foods 2022; 11:foods11142027. [PMID: 35885268 PMCID: PMC9315608 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Manihot esculenta, cassava, is an essential food crop for human consumption in many parts of the world. Besides the wide use of its roots, cassava leaves have been used locally as green vegetables and for medicinal purposes. However, nutritional health data regarding cassava leaves is limited, therefore we investigated its composition and associated potential bioactivity interest for human health. (2) Methods: Cassava leaf bioactivity investigations focused on antioxidant properties (free radical scavenging) in association with immunomodulatory activities on inflammatory murine macrophages to measure the impact of cassava extract on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, Prostaglandin-E2 and mediators such as nitric oxide. (3) Results: Antioxidant and immunomodulatory bioactivities were significant, with a concentration-dependent inhibition of cytokines production by inflammatory macrophages; (4) Conclusions: Taken together, our results tend to suggest that Manihot esculenta leaves might be underrated regarding the potential nutrition-health interest of this vegetal matrix for both human nutrition and prophylaxis of metabolic disease with underlying low grade inflammation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Boukhers
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Frederic Boudard
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Sylvie Morel
- CEFE, Laboratoire de Botanique, Phytochimie et Mycologie, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-EPHE-IRD, 34093 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Adrien Servent
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Karine Portet
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Caroline Guzman
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Manon Vitou
- CEFE, Laboratoire de Botanique, Phytochimie et Mycologie, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-EPHE-IRD, 34093 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Joelle Kongolo
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Alain Michel
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Université de La Réunion, 34093 Montpellier, France; (I.B.); (F.B.); (A.S.); (K.P.); (C.G.); (J.K.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-141-1759-507
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1360
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Abdallah MM, Cardeira M, Matias AA, Bronze MR, Fernández N. Lactic Acid-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents to Extract Bioactives from Marine By-Products. Molecules 2022; 27:4356. [PMID: 35889229 PMCID: PMC9319700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) were used to extract bioactive compounds from marine by-products: codfish bones, mussel meat, and tuna vitreous humor. NaDES were prepared using natural compounds, including lactic acid (Lac), fructose (Fru), and urea (Ur), and were characterized to define their physicochemical properties, including the viscosity, density, surface tension, and refractive index. FTIR and NMR analysis confirmed the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in NaDES. The extracts obtained using these NaDES were characterized to define their composition. Results demonstrated that the extract’s composition differed highly, depending not only on the DES used, but also on the structure and composition of the raw material. Proteins and lipids were mainly present in extracts obtained from mussels, while ash content was highest in the extracts obtained from codfish bones. The biocompatibility of NaDES and the soluble fractions (SF) of the raw materials in NaDES was evaluated, and it was possible to conclude that the soluble ingredients obtained from the raw materials improved the biocompatibility of NaDES.
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Kasmawati H, Mustarichie R, Halimah E, Ruslin R, Arfan A, Sida NA. Unrevealing the Potential of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain Fraction for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia by Inhibiting Androgen Receptors Based on LC-MS/MS Analysis, and In-Silico Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144358. [PMID: 35889232 PMCID: PMC9318048 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) occurs due to over-response to androgens causing severe hair loss on the scalp, and requires the development of new and efficient drugs to treat this condition. This study explores and identifies secondary metabolites from Sansevieriatrifasciata Prain using the LC-MS/MS and in-silico method. The inhibitory activity of bioactive compounds from S. trifasciata Prain against androgen receptors (PDB ID: 4K7A) was evaluated molecularly using docking and dynamics studies by comparing their binding energies, interactions, and stability with minoxidil. The results of the LC-MS/MS analysis identified Methyl pyrophaeophorbide A (1), Oliveramine (2), (2S)-3′, 4′-Methylenedioxy-5, 7-dimethoxyflavane (3), 1-Acetyl-β-carboline (4), Digiprolactone (5), Trichosanic acid (6) and Methyl gallate (7) from the leaves subfraction of this plant. Three alkaloid compounds (compounds 1, 3, and 4), and one flavonoid (compound 2), had lower docking scores of −7.0, −5.8, −5.2, and −6.3 kcal/mol, respectively. The prediction of binding energy using the MM-PBSA approach ensured that the potency of the four compounds was better than minoxidil, with energies of −66.13, −59.36, −40.39, and −40.25 kJ/mol for compounds 1, 3, 2, and 4, respectively. The dynamics simulation shows the stability of compound 1 based on the trajectory analysis for the 100 ns simulation. This research succeeded in identifying the compound and assessing the anti-alopecia activity of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. Seven compounds were identified as new compounds never reported in Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. Four compounds were predicted to have better anti-alopecia activity than minoxidil in inhibiting androgen receptors through an in silico approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henny Kasmawati
- Doctoral Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Resmi Mustarichie
- Department of Analytical Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Eli Halimah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Ruslin Ruslin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Arfan Arfan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Nurramadhani A. Sida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari 93232, Indonesia; (R.R.); (A.A.); (N.A.S.)
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1362
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Sato Y, Okamoto K, Kawaguchi T, Nakamura F, Miyamoto H, Takayama T. Treatment Response Predictors of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1614. [PMID: 35884916 PMCID: PMC9312565 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) has been recognized as an effective therapeutic option because it is expected to improve the curative resection rate by reducing the tumor size and preventing recurrence of micrometastases. However, for patients resistant to NAC, not only will operation timing be delayed, but they will also suffer from side effects. Thus, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive strategy and select patients sensitive to NAC. However, the therapeutic effect of NAC is unpredictable due to tumor heterogeneity and a lack of predictive biomarkers for guiding the choice of optimal preoperative treatment in clinical practice. This article summarizes the related research progress on predictive biomarkers of NAC for gastric cancer. Among the many investigated biomarkers, metabolic enzymes for cytotoxic agents, nucleotide excision repair, and microsatellite instability, have shown promising results and should be assessed in prospective clinical trials. Noninvasive liquid biopsy detection, including miRNA and exosome detection, is also a promising strategy.
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1363
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Liu Z, Han M, Yan X, Cheng W, Tang Z, Cui L, Yang R, Guo Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Osthole-Based Isoxazoline Derivatives as Insecticide Candidates. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:7921-7928. [PMID: 35731949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are an abundant and environmentally friendly source for controlling plant pathogens and insect pests. Toward the development of new natural product-based pesticides, here, a series of osthole-based isoxazoline derivatives were prepared by [3 + 2] annulation and evaluated for their insecticidal activities and toxicities. The structures of all osthole-based isoxazoline derivatives were characterized by various spectral analyses, and derivative B13 was further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Among all the osthole derivatives, B2 displayed the most promising growth inhibitory effect on Mythimna separata with a final corrected mortality rate of 96.4% ± 3.3, which was 1.80 times higher than those of both osthole and toosendanin. Derivative B13 displayed the most promising larvicidal activity against Plutella xylostella with an LC50 value of 0.220 mg/mL, which was superior to rotenone. Furthermore, both B13 and B21 also exhibited better control efficacy against P. xylostella than rotenone in the pot experiments. Additionally, the toxicity evaluation suggested that these osthole-based isoxazoline derivatives showed relatively low toxicity toward nontarget organisms. Given these results, osthole derivatives B2, B13, and B21 could be deeply developed as natural insecticidal agents in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Meiyue Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhenshuai Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Liping Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ruige Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan Province, P. R. China
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Bajalia EM, Azzouz FB, Chism DA, Giansiracusa DM, Wong CG, Plaskett KN, Bishayee A. Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3278. [PMID: 35805049 PMCID: PMC9265746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequently diagnosed kidney cancer. Once RCC metastasizes, successful treatment is difficult to achieve. There is an apparent need for novel approaches to prevent and treat RCC. Phytochemicals are naturally derived compounds gaining increasing scientific interest due to their cancer preventive and chemotherapeutic properties. These phytochemicals have been shown to exhibit a multitude of anticancer effects against RCC. In this systematic review, we critically evaluate the potential these natural compounds possess for the prevention and treatment of RCC and discuss the future implications this may have in the fight against kidney cancer. Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with about 90% of renal malignancies, and its incidence is increasing globally. Plant-derived compounds have gained significant attention in the scientific community for their preventative and therapeutic effects on cancer. To evaluate the anticancer potential of phytocompounds for RCC, we compiled a comprehensive and systematic review of the available literature. Our work was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. The literature search was performed using scholarly databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect and keywords such as renal cell carcinoma, phytochemicals, cancer, tumor, proliferation, apoptosis, prevention, treatment, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Based on in vitro results, various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, suppressed cell viability, proliferation and growth, showed cytotoxic activity, inhibited invasion and migration, and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in RCC. In various animal tumor models, phytochemicals suppressed renal tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and hindered angiogenesis and metastasis. The relevant antineoplastic mechanisms involved upregulation of caspases, reduction in cyclin activity, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via modulation of a plethora of cell signaling pathways. Clinical studies demonstrated a reduced risk for the development of kidney cancer and enhancement of the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Both preclinical and clinical studies displayed significant promise of utilizing phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of RCC. Further research, confirming the mechanisms and regulatory pathways, along with randomized controlled trials, are needed to establish the use of phytochemicals in clinical practice.
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1365
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Forouzani-Haghighi B, Rezvani A, Vazin A. Immune Targeted Therapies for COVID-19 Infection: A Narrative Review. Iran J Med Sci 2022; 47:291-299. [PMID: 35919074 PMCID: PMC9339106 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.91614.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak emerged in Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization officially declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Reports indicated that the associated mortality of the infection is quite higher in the elderly, individuals with specific comorbidities (such as diabetes mellitus), and generally the ones with a compromised immune system. A cohort study in Wuhan, China, reported a dysregulated immune response in 452 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. As a result of this suppressed immune response, an increase in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, T lymphopenia, and a decrease in CD4+ T cells were all common laboratory findings, especially in severe cases. On the other hand, there is substantial evidence of T cell exhaustion in critically ill patients. Accordingly, the immune system seems to play an important role in the prognosis and pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, this study aims to review the evidence on the immune response dysregulation in COVID-19 infection and the potential role of immunoregulatory treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, interferons, and CD200 inhibitors in altering disease prognosis, especially in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Forouzani-Haghighi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezvani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,
Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Vazin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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1366
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Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer (BC) is an aggressive form of cancer and is an absolute challenge to treat. This review discusses the standard treatments available for metastatic BC. It further highlights the rationale for targeting oncodrivers, tumor-associated antigens, and neoantigens in BC. Explaining the significance of immune response in successful immunotherapeutic studies, it draws attention towards how adoptive cell therapy can be a useful immunotherapeutic tool. We focus on adoptive cell therapy in BC covering tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy, engineered T cell receptor therapy, chimeric antigen receptor therapy, dendritic cell therapy and natural killer cell therapy. In this work, we aim to provide an overview of clinical data regarding the use of cellular immunotherapies in BC. Eventually, we conclude by proposing future adoptive cell therapy approaches, which can be used to cure BC.
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1367
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Elfer K, Dudgeon S, Garcia V, Blenman K, Hytopoulos E, Wen S, Li X, Ly A, Werness B, Sheth MS, Amgad M, Gupta R, Saltz J, Hanna MG, Ehinger A, Peeters D, Salgado R, Gallas BD. Pilot study to evaluate tools to collect pathologist annotations for validating machine learning algorithms. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2022; 9:047501. [PMID: 35911208 PMCID: PMC9326105 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.9.4.047501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Validation of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in digital pathology with a reference standard is necessary before widespread clinical use, but few examples focus on creating a reference standard based on pathologist annotations. This work assesses the results of a pilot study that collects density estimates of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) in breast cancer biopsy specimens. This work will inform the creation of a validation dataset for the evaluation of AI algorithms fit for a regulatory purpose. Approach: Collaborators and crowdsourced pathologists contributed glass slides, digital images, and annotations. Here, "annotations" refer to any marks, segmentations, measurements, or labels a pathologist adds to a report, image, region of interest (ROI), or biological feature. Pathologists estimated sTILs density in 640 ROIs from hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of 64 patients via two modalities: an optical light microscope and two digital image viewing platforms. Results: The pilot study generated 7373 sTILs density estimates from 29 pathologists. Analysis of annotations found the variability of density estimates per ROI increases with the mean; the root mean square differences were 4.46, 14.25, and 26.25 as the mean density ranged from 0% to 10%, 11% to 40%, and 41% to 100%, respectively. The pilot study informs three areas of improvement for future work: technical workflows, annotation platforms, and agreement analysis methods. Upgrades to the workflows and platforms will improve operability and increase annotation speed and consistency. Conclusions: Exploratory data analysis demonstrates the need to develop new statistical approaches for agreement. The pilot study dataset and analysis methods are publicly available to allow community feedback. The development and results of the validation dataset will be publicly available to serve as an instructive tool that can be replicated by developers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Elfer
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Imaging Diagnostics & Software Reliability, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
- National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Sarah Dudgeon
- Yale University Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Yale New Haven Hospital, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Victor Garcia
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Imaging Diagnostics & Software Reliability, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Kim Blenman
- School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- Yale University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Computer Science, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | | | - Si Wen
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Imaging Diagnostics & Software Reliability, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Amy Ly
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bruce Werness
- Inova Health System Department of Pathology, Falls Church, Virginia, United States
- Arrive Bio LLC, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Manasi S. Sheth
- United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Devices and Radiologic Health, Office of Product Evaluation and Quality, Office of Clinical Evidence and Analysis, Division of Biostatistics, White Oak, Maryland, United States
| | - Mohamed Amgad
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Rajarsi Gupta
- SUNY Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Joel Saltz
- SUNY Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- SUNY Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Matthew G. Hanna
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Anna Ehinger
- Lund University, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dieter Peeters
- Sint-Maarten Hospital, Department of Pathology, Mechelen, Belgium
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Peter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Division of Research, Melbourne, Australia
- GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Department of Pathology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Brandon D. Gallas
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Imaging Diagnostics & Software Reliability, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Brandon D. Gallas,
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1368
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El-Far AH, Mohamed HH, Elsabagh DA, Mohamed SA, Noreldin AE, Al Jaouni SK, Alsenosy AA. Eugenol and carvacrol attenuate brain D-galactose-induced aging-related oxidative alterations in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:47436-47447. [PMID: 35182345 PMCID: PMC9232455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging represents the accumulation of progressive changes in a human being over time and can cover physical, psychological, and social changes. It is an oxidative stress-associated process that progresses with age. The antioxidant activity of either eugenol (EU) or carvacrol (CAR) for aging in rats induced by D-gal for 42 days was investigated in the current study using 10 and 20 mg of EU/kg/day/orally, while CAR was supplemented by 40 and 80 mg /kg/day/orally. Biochemical, mRNA expression, and histopathological assessments of brain samples evaluated the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal and the protective role of EU and CAR. Results showed that D-gal was causing oxidative alternation of the brain that was recognized via upregulation of p53 and p21 mRNA expression levels, as aging markers and Bax mRNA expression level, as an apoptotic marker. Also, the results observed alterations in the levels of biochemical markers as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and triacylglycerol (TAG), besides, enhancement of brain antioxidant capacity. Finally, these results compared with the groups treated with EU and CAR to observe that the EU and CAR potentially attenuate these aging-related oxidative alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we can conclude that EU and CAR supplementations are considered promising natural protective compounds that could delay aging and maintain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hadeer H. Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Elsabagh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Shymaa A. Mohamed
- Molecular Biology, Molecular biology unit, Medical Technology Center, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
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1369
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Liang H, Wang W, Zhu F, Chen S, Liu D, Sheng C. Discovery of novel bis-evodiamine derivatives with potent antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 65:116793. [PMID: 35550978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by antitumor natural product evodiamine, a series of novel bis-evodiamine derivatives were designed and synthesized, which showed potent antitumor activity. In particular, compound 13b effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT116 cells. Further mechanism studies revealed that compound 13b acted by inducing HCT116 cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Thus, compound 13b represents a promising lead compound for the discovery of novel antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Fugui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Shuqiang Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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1370
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Ghzaiel I, Zarrouk A, Essadek S, Martine L, Hammouda S, Yammine A, Ksila M, Nury T, Meddeb W, Tahri Joutey M, Mihoubi W, Caccia C, Leoni V, Samadi M, Acar N, Andreoletti P, Hammami S, Ghrairi T, Vejux A, Hammami M, Lizard G. Protective effects of milk thistle (Sylibum marianum) seed oil and α-tocopherol against 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced peroxisomal alterations in murine C2C12 myoblasts: Nutritional insights associated with the concept of pexotherapy. Steroids 2022; 183:109032. [PMID: 35381271 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes play an important role in regulating cell metabolism and RedOx homeostasis. Peroxisomal dysfunctions favor oxidative stress and cell death. The ability of 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC; 50 μM, 24 h), known to be increased in patients with age-related diseases such as sarcopenia, to trigger oxidative stress, mitochondrial and peroxisomal dysfunction was studied in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The capacity of milk thistle seed oil (MTSO, 100 μg/mL) as well as α-tocopherol (400 µM; reference cytoprotective agent) to counteract the toxic effects of 7β-OHC, mainly at the peroxisomal level were evaluated. The impacts of 7β-OHC, in the presence or absence of MTSO or α-tocopherol, were studied with complementary methods: measurement of cell density and viability, quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and transmembrane mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm), evaluation of peroxisomal mass as well as topographic, morphologic and functional peroxisomal changes. Our results indicate that 7β-OHC induces a loss of cell viability and a decrease of cell adhesion associated with ROS overproduction, alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure, a drop of ΔΨm, and several peroxisomal modifications. In the presence of 7β-OHC, comparatively to untreated cells, important quantitative and qualitative peroxisomal modifications were also identified: a) a reduced number of peroxisomes with abnormal sizes and shapes, mainly localized in cytoplasmic vacuoles, were observed; b) the peroxisomal mass was decreased as indicated by lower protein and mRNA levels of the peroxisomal ABCD3 transporter; c) lower mRNA level of Pex5 involved in peroxisomal biogenesis as well as higher mRNA levels of Pex13 and Pex14, involved in peroxisomal biogenesis and/or pexophagy, was found; d) lower levels of ACOX1 and MFP2 enzymes, implicated in peroxisomal β-oxidation, were detected; e) higher levels of very-long-chain fatty acids, which are substrates of peroxisomal β-oxidation, were found. These different cytotoxic effects were strongly attenuated by MTSO, in the same range of order as with α-tocopherol. These findings underline the interest of MTSO and α-tocopherol in the prevention of peroxisomal damages (pexotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghzaiel
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Soukaina Essadek
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Lucy Martine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Souha Hammouda
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aline Yammine
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Wiem Meddeb
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri Joutey
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Wafa Mihoubi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, B.P 1177, Université de Sfax, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Claudio Caccia
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospitals of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospitals of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
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1371
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Alves ALV, da Silva LS, Faleiros CA, Silva VAO, Reis RM. The Role of Ingenane Diterpenes in Cancer Therapy: From Bioactive Secondary Compounds to Small Molecules. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenes are a class of critical taxonomic markers of the Euphorbiaceae family, representing small compounds (eg, molecules) with a wide range of biological activities and multi-target therapeutic potential. Diterpenes can exert different activities, including antitumor and multi-drug resistance-reversing activities, and antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, mainly due to their great structural diversity. In particular, one polycyclic skeleton has been highlighted: ingenane. Besides this natural diterpene, promising polycyclic skeletons may be submitted to chemical modification—by in silico approaches, chemical reactions, or biotransformation—putatively providing more active analogs (eg, ingenol derivatives), which are currently under pre-clinical investigation. This review outlines the current mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic implications of ingenol diterpenes as small cancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura V. Alves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Luciane S. da Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Camila A. Faleiros
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Viviane A. O. Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui M. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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1372
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Cui D, Wang S, Guo J, Yang M, Li Y, Zhang Y, Ma W. Shikonin from Chinese herbal medicine induces GSDME-controlled pyroptosis in tumor cells. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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1373
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Xiao Y, Gao W. Therapeutic pattern and progress of neoadjuvant treatment for triple-negative breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:219. [PMID: 35720488 PMCID: PMC9178680 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease, accounting for about 15.0-20.0% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is associated with early recurrence and metastasis, strong invasiveness and a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is currently the mainstay of treatment for TNBC, and achievement of a pathological complete response is closely associated with a long-term good prognosis. Improving the long-term prognosis in patients with TNBC is a challenge in breast cancer treatment, and more clinical evidence is needed to guide the choice of treatment strategies. The current study reviews the conventional treatment modality for TNBC and the selection of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) regimens available. The research progress on optimizing NACT regimens is also reviewed, and the uniqueness of the treatment of this breast cancer subtype is emphasized, in order to provide reference for the clinical practice and research with regard to TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan Houjie Town People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523962, P.R. China
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1374
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Sedeek AM, Ismail MM, Elsayed TR, Ramadan MA. Evaluation of the Marine Bacterial Population in the Great Bitter Lake, Egypt, as a Source of Antimicrobial Secondary Metabolites. Fermentation 2022; 8:309. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8070309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The ecological uniqueness of the Great Bitter Lake ecosystem makes its bacterial population interesting for investigation. Here, we present the first trial to evaluate the biosynthetic capacity of the bacterial population at the lake as a source of novel antimicrobials. We collected different samples from various locations throughout the lake including the oxic sediment, anoxic sediment, shore water, and off-shore water. We modified a molecular approach to compare and choose the samples with the highest bacterial biosynthetic capacity by quantifying the polyketide synthase gene clusters in their total community DNA. Furthermore, we screened the bacterial isolates recovered from these samples and their metabolic extracts for antimicrobial activity. We tried to tentatively investigate the identity of the active metabolites by PCR screening and LC–MS. The bacterial population in the oxic sediment had the highest biosynthetic capacity compared to other sample types. Four active Bacillus isolates were identified. The isolated Bacillus species were expected to produce numerous probable bioactive metabolites encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters related to the polyketide synthases (either individual or hybrid with non-ribosomal peptide synthetase), such as Bacillomycin D, Iturin A, Bacilosarcin B, Bacillcoumacin G and Macrolactin (N and G). These results suggest that the under-explored bacterial community of the Great Bitter Lake has a prospective biosynthetic capacity and can be a promising source for novel antibiotics.
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1375
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Chaves OA, Fintelman-rodrigues N, Wang X, Sacramento CQ, Temerozo JR, Ferreira AC, Mattos M, Pereira-dutra F, Bozza PT, Castro-faria-neto HC, Russo JJ, Ju J, Souza TML. Commercially Available Flavonols Are Better SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors Than Isoflavone and Flavones. Viruses 2022; 14:1458. [PMID: 35891437 PMCID: PMC9324382 DOI: 10.3390/v14071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fast development of vaccines, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still circulating and generating variants of concern (VoC) that escape the humoral immune response. In this context, the search for anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds is still essential. A class of natural polyphenols known as flavonoids, frequently available in fruits and vegetables, is widely explored in the treatment of different diseases and used as a scaffold for the design of novel drugs. Therefore, herein we evaluate seven flavonoids divided into three subclasses, isoflavone (genistein), flavone (apigenin and luteolin) and flavonol (fisetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and quercetin), for COVID-19 treatment using cell-based assays and in silico calculations validated with experimental enzymatic data. The flavonols were better SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors than isoflavone and flavones. The increasing number of hydroxyl groups in ring B of the flavonols kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin decreased the 50% effective concentration (EC50) value due to their impact on the orientation of the compounds inside the target. Myricetin and fisetin appear to be preferred candidates; they are both anti-inflammatory (decreasing TNF-α levels) and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 mainly by targeting the processability of the main protease (Mpro) in a non-competitive manner, with a potency comparable to the repurposed drug atazanavir. However, fisetin and myricetin might also be considered hits that are amenable to synthetic modification to improve their anti-SARS-CoV-2 profile by inhibiting not only Mpro, but also the 3′–5′ exonuclease (ExoN).
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1376
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Blasiak A, Truong ATL, Remus A, Hooi L, Seah SGK, Wang P, Chye H, Lim APC, Ng KT, Teo ST, Tan YJ, Allen DM, Chai LYA, Chng WJ, Lin RTP, Lye DCB, Wong JE, Tan GG, Chan CEZ, Chow EK, Ho D. The IDentif.AI-x pandemic readiness platform: Rapid prioritization of optimized COVID-19 combination therapy regimens. NPJ Digit Med 2022; 5:83. [PMID: 35773329 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-022-00627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IDentif.AI-x, a clinically actionable artificial intelligence platform, was used to rapidly pinpoint and prioritize optimal combination therapies against COVID-19 by pairing a prospective, experimental validation of multi-drug efficacy on a SARS-CoV-2 live virus and Vero E6 assay with a quadratic optimization workflow. A starting pool of 12 candidate drugs developed in collaboration with a community of infectious disease clinicians was first narrowed down to a six-drug pool and then interrogated in 50 combination regimens at three dosing levels per drug, representing 729 possible combinations. IDentif.AI-x revealed EIDD-1931 to be a strong candidate upon which multiple drug combinations can be derived, and pinpointed a number of clinically actionable drug interactions, which were further reconfirmed in SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.617.2 (Delta). IDentif.AI-x prioritized promising drug combinations for clinical translation and can be immediately adjusted and re-executed with a new pool of promising therapies in an actionable path towards rapidly optimizing combination therapy following pandemic emergence.
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1377
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Franzén AS, Raftery MJ, Pecher G. Implications for Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer by Understanding the Microenvironment of a Solid Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3178. [PMID: 35804950 PMCID: PMC9264853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is poorly immunogenic due to immunosuppressive mechanisms produced in part by the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is a peritumoral area containing significant quantities of (1) cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), (2) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and (3) tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). This combination protects the tumor from effective immune responses. How these protective cell types are generated and how the changes in the developing tumor relate to these subsets is only partially understood. Immunotherapies targeting solid tumors have proven ineffective largely due to this protective TME barrier. Therefore, a better understanding of the interplay between the tumor, the tumor microenvironment and immune cells would both advance immunotherapeutic research and lead to more effective immunotherapies. This review will summarize the current understanding of the microenvironment of breast cancer giving implications for future immunotherapeutic strategies.
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1378
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Hasan MR, Alsaiari AA, Fakhurji BZ, Molla MHR, Asseri AH, Sumon MAA, Park MN, Ahammad F, Kim B. Application of Mathematical Modeling and Computational Tools in the Modern Drug Design and Development Process. Molecules 2022; 27:4169. [PMID: 35807415 PMCID: PMC9268380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional drug discovery approach is an expensive and time-consuming process, but its limitations have been overcome with the help of mathematical modeling and computational drug design approaches. Previously, finding a small molecular candidate as a drug against a disease was very costly and required a long time to screen a compound against a specific target. The development of novel targets and small molecular candidates against different diseases including emerging and reemerging diseases remains a major concern and necessitates the development of novel therapeutic targets as well as drug candidates as early as possible. In this regard, computational and mathematical modeling approaches for drug development are advantageous due to their fastest predictive ability and cost-effectiveness features. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) techniques utilize different computer programs as well as mathematics formulas to comprehend the interaction of a target and drugs. Traditional methods to determine small-molecule candidates as a drug have several limitations, but CADD utilizes novel methods that require little time and accurately predict a compound against a specific disease with minimal cost. Therefore, this review aims to provide a brief insight into the mathematical modeling and computational approaches for identifying a novel target and small molecular candidates for curing a specific disease. The comprehensive review mainly focuses on biological target prediction, structure-based and ligand-based drug design methods, molecular docking, virtual screening, pharmacophore modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models, molecular dynamics simulation, and MM-GBSA/MM-PBSA approaches along with valuable database resources and tools for identifying novel targets and therapeutics against a disease. This review will help researchers in a way that may open the road for the development of effective drugs and preventative measures against a disease in the future as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rifat Hasan
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- College of Applied Medical Science, Clinical Laboratories Science Department, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Burhan Zain Fakhurji
- iGene Medical Training and Molecular Research Center, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Amer H. Asseri
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoigidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02453, Korea;
| | - Foysal Ahammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoigidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02453, Korea;
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1379
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Jin Y, Yang F, Zhang G, Yu Q, Wang G, Ling F, Liu T. Synthesized Magnolol Derivatives Improve Anti-Micropterus salmoides Rhabdovirus (MSRV) Activity In Vivo. Viruses 2022; 14:1421. [PMID: 35891401 PMCID: PMC9324556 DOI: 10.3390/v14071421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is a primary viral pathogen in largemouth bass aquaculture, which leads to tremendous economic losses yearly. Currently, there are no approved drugs for the treatment and control of this virus. Our previous studies screened the herb Magnolia officinalis from many traditional Chinese medicines, and we isolated and identified magnolol as its main active compound against multiple rhabdoviruses, including MSRV. On the basis of the structure–activity relationship and pharmacophore model of magnolol, two new magnolol derivatives, namely, hydrogenated magnolol and 2,2′-dimethoxy-magnolol, were designed and synthesized. Their anti-MSRV activities were systematically investigated both in vitro and in vivo. By comparing the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), it was found that hydrogenated magnolol possessed a higher anti-MSRV activity than magnolol and 2,2′-dimethoxy-magnolol, with an IC50 of 13.37 μM. Furthermore, hydrogenated magnolol exhibited a protective effect on the grass carp ovary (GCO) cell line by reducing the cytopathic effect induced by MSRV. Further studies revealed that hydrogenated magnolol did not directly impact virions or interfere with MSRV adsorption. It worked within the 6–8 h of the phase of virus replication. In vivo treatment of MSRV infection with magnolol and hydrogenated magnolol showed that they significantly improved the survival rate by 44.6% and 62.7%, respectively, compared to MSRV-infected groups. The viral load measured by the expression of viral glycoprotein in the organs including the liver, spleen, and kidney also significantly decreased when fish were intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Altogether, the structural optimization of magnolol via hydrogenation of the propylene groups increased its anti-MSRV activity both in vitro and in vivo. These results may provide a valuable reference for anti-MSRV drug discovery and development in aquaculture.
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1380
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Carpi S, Scoditti E, Polini B, Brogi S, Calderone V, Proksch P, Ebada SS, Nieri P. Pro-Apoptotic Activity of the Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans Metabolites Pelorol and 5-epi-Ilimaquinone on Human 501Mel Melanoma Cells. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070427. [PMID: 35877720 PMCID: PMC9317990 DOI: 10.3390/md20070427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural environment represents an important source of drugs that originates from the terrestrial and, in minority, marine organisms. Indeed, the marine environment represents a largely untapped source in the process of drug discovery. Among all marine organisms, sponges with algae represent the richest source of compounds showing anticancer activity. In this study, the two secondary metabolites pelorol (PEL) and 5-epi-ilimaquinone (EPI), purified from Dactylospongia elegans were investigated for their anti-melanoma activity. PEL and EPI induced cell growth repression of 501Mel melanoma cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. A cell cycle block in the G1 phase by PEL and EPI was also observed. Furthermore, PEL and EPI induced significant accumulation of DNA histone fragments in the cytoplasmic fraction, indicating a pro-apoptotic effect of both compounds. At the molecular level, PEL and EPI induced apoptosis through the increase in pro-apoptotic BAX expression, confirmed by the decrease in its silencing miR-214-3p and the decrease in the anti-apoptotic BCL-2, MCL1, and BIRC-5 mRNA expression, attested by the increase in their silencing miRNAs, i.e., miR-193a-3p and miR-16-5p. In conclusion, our data indicate that PEL and EPI exert cytotoxicity activity against 501Mel melanoma cells promoting apoptotic signaling and inducing changes in miRNA expression and their downstream effectors. For these reasons could represent promising lead compounds in the anti-melanoma drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Carpi
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (S.B.); (V.C.); (P.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (S.B.); (V.C.); (P.N.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (S.B.); (V.C.); (P.N.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Marine Pharmacology (MArinePHARMA), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (S.B.); (V.C.); (P.N.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Marine Pharmacology (MArinePHARMA), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universtätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sherif S. Ebada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (S.B.); (V.C.); (P.N.)
- Interdepartmental Center of Marine Pharmacology (MArinePHARMA), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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1381
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Noureddine B, Mostafa E, Mandal SC. Ethnobotanical, pharmacological, phytochemical, and clinical investigations on Moroccan medicinal plants traditionally used for the management of renal dysfunctions. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 292:115178. [PMID: 35278608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Renal disease is a significant public health concern that affects people all over the world. The main limitations of conventional therapy are the adverse reaction on human health and the expensive cost of drugs. Indeed, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies that are less expensive and have fewer side effects. As a consequence of their natural compounds, medicinal plants can be used as an alternative therapy to cure various ailments including kidney diseases. OBJECTIVE of the study: This review paper has two principal goals: (1) to inventory and describe the plants and their ancestral use by Moroccan society to cure renal problems, (2) to link traditional use with scientific confirmations (preclinical and clinical). METHODS To analyze pharmacological effects, phytochemical, and clinical trials of plants, selected for renal therapy, a bibliographical search was undertaken by examining ethnobotanical investigations conducted in Morocco between 1991 and 2019 and consulting peer-reviewed papers from all over the world. RESULTS Approximately 290 plant species, spanning 81 families and 218 genera have been reported as being utilized by Moroccans to manage renal illness. The most frequently mentioned species in Morocco were Herniaria hirsuta subsp. cinerea (DC.), Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss and Rosmarinus officinalis L. The leaves were the most frequently used plant parts, followed by the whole plant. Decoction and infusion were the most popular methods of preparation. A record of 71 plant species was studied in vitro and/or in vivo for their therapeutic efficacy against kidney disorders, including 10 plants attempting to make it to the clinical stage. Twenty compounds obtained from 15 plants have been studied for the treatment of kidney diseases. CONCLUSION Medicinal herbs could be a credible alternative therapy for renal illness. However, additional controlled trials are required to confirm their efficiency in patients with kidney failure. Overall, this work could be used as a database for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bencheikh Noureddine
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Elachouri Mostafa
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology, and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Subhash C Mandal
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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1382
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Giugliano F, Valenza C, Tarantino P, Curigliano G. Immunotherapy for triple negative breast cancer: How can pathologic responses to experimental drugs in early-stage disease be enhanced? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:855-874. [PMID: 35762248 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2095260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The treatment landscape of early triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has recently expanded after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of pembrolizumab in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The addition of this immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has shown to significantly increased pathological complete response (pCR) rate and event free survival (EFS) in the KEYNOTE-522 phase 3 trial. Several additional studies are ongoing with the goal of further improving outcomes and achieving an optimal integration of ICIs in the treatment of TNBC. AREAS COVERED : The article examines pCR and survival rates in TNBC. It appraises clinical trials investigating neoadjuvant ICIs for TNBC and the improvement of pCR rates (biomarker-driven escalation of treatment, optimization of chemotherapy backbone and addition of locoregional treatments or innovative agents). Insights on the role of pCR as surrogate endpoint and the possibility of enhancing pCR rates for women affected by early TNBC are offered. EXPERT OPINION : The pharmacopoeia of early TNBC is growing and becoming more heterogeneous with the advent of ICIs; to enhance the clinical benefit of patients, it is necessary to develop response endpoints that consider the mechanism of action of experimental drugs, to optimize patient selection through validated biomarkers, and to compare the most promising treatment strategies in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giugliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmine Valenza
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Tarantino
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Breast Oncology Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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1383
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Vilkickyte G, Petrikaite V, Pukalskas A, Sipailiene A, Raudone L. Exploring Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. as a potential source of therapeutic agents: antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts and fractions. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 292:115207. [PMID: 35306039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (lingonberry) leaves and fruits have traditionally been used in Asian and European countries as a natural solution for urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal distress, neurodegenerative diseases, and related inflammatory disorders, which are overall associated with free radical damage and presence of triggering pathogenic strains in the human body. Considering growing attention to natural products, there are not enough scientific data to confirm predominant specialized metabolites, responsible for the traditional therapeutic use of lingonberries. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed at an in-depth study of specialized metabolite profiling and biological activity evaluation of lingonberry crude extracts and isolated fractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crude dry extracts and fractions from lingonberry leaves and fruits were analyzed by the UPLC-MS method. Potential inhibiting properties against different bacterial strains and hyaluronidase, ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide, and effect on its production in a macrophage culture J774 were examined. RESULTS Findings suggested the tentative presence of 59 compounds, mainly phenolics, displayed higher bioactivities of particular fractions than that of crude extracts and elucidated particular compounds as candidates in pharmaceuticals. Trimeric and dimeric proanthocyanidins from lingonberry leaves and fruits were shown to have the strongest antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory potential. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed specialized metabolites responsible for the traditional medicinal properties of lingonberries and pointed out demand for further purification and new research directions of proanthocyanidins in the frame of their multipharmacological perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Vilkickyte
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Audrius Pukalskas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu rd. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ausra Sipailiene
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu rd. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Lina Raudone
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162, Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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1384
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Abstract
The leading cause of gynecological cancer-related morbidity and mortality is ovarian cancer (OC), which is dubbed a silent killer. Currently, OC is a target of intense biomarker research, because it is often not discovered until the disease is advanced. The goal of OC research is to develop effective tests using biomarkers that can detect the disease at the earliest stages, which would eventually decrease the mortality, thereby preventing recurrence. Therefore, there is a pressing need to revisit the existing biomarkers to recognize the potential biomarkers that can lead to efficient predictors for the OC diagnosis. This Perspective covers an update on the currently available biomarkers used in the triaging of OC to gain certain insights into the potential role of these biomarkers and their estimation that are crucial to the understanding of neoplasm progression, diagnostics, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Manasa
- Electrochemistry Research Group, St. Joseph's College, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore - 560027, Karnataka, India
| | - Ronald J Mascarenhas
- Electrochemistry Research Group, St. Joseph's College, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore - 560027, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Shweta J Malode
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Vidhyanagar, Hubballi - 580031, Karnataka, India
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1385
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Gobin M, Proust R, Lack S, Duciel L, Des Courtils C, Pauthe E, Gand A, Seyer D. A Combination of the Natural Molecules Gallic Acid and Carvacrol Eradicates P. aeruginosa and S. aureus Mature Biofilms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137118. [PMID: 35806123 PMCID: PMC9266711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound infection, especially the development of bacterial biofilms, delays wound healing and is a major public health concern. Bacteria in biofilms are more tolerant to antimicrobial agents, and new treatments to eradicate mature biofilms are needed. Combining antimicrobial molecules with different mechanisms of action is an attractive strategy to tackle the heterogeneous nature of microbial communities in biofilms. This study focused on three molecules of natural origin: gallic acid (G), carvacrol (K) and curcumin (Q). Their abilities, individually or in combination, to eradicate biofilms were quantified on mono- and dual-species mature biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, the strains most commonly found in infected wounds. G presented biofilm eradicating activity on P. aeruginosa, whereas K had biofilm eradicating activity on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Q had no potent biofilm eradicating activity. The combination of G and K increased the effects previously observed on P. aeruginosa biofilm and led to complete eradication of S. aureus biofilm. This combination was also efficient in eradicating a dual-species biofilm of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This work demonstrates that K and G used in combination have a strong and synergistic eradicating activity on both mono- and dual-species mature biofilms of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and may therefore represent an efficient alternative for the treatment of biofilms in wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gobin
- ERRMECe Laboratory, 1 rue Descartes, CY Cergy Paris University, 95031 Neuville sur Oise, France; (M.G.); (E.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Richard Proust
- Les Laboratoires BROTHIER, 41 Rue de Neuilly, 92735 Nanterre, France; (R.P.); (S.L.); (L.D.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Stéphane Lack
- Les Laboratoires BROTHIER, 41 Rue de Neuilly, 92735 Nanterre, France; (R.P.); (S.L.); (L.D.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Laura Duciel
- Les Laboratoires BROTHIER, 41 Rue de Neuilly, 92735 Nanterre, France; (R.P.); (S.L.); (L.D.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Céline Des Courtils
- Les Laboratoires BROTHIER, 41 Rue de Neuilly, 92735 Nanterre, France; (R.P.); (S.L.); (L.D.); (C.D.C.)
| | - Emmanuel Pauthe
- ERRMECe Laboratory, 1 rue Descartes, CY Cergy Paris University, 95031 Neuville sur Oise, France; (M.G.); (E.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Adeline Gand
- ERRMECe Laboratory, 1 rue Descartes, CY Cergy Paris University, 95031 Neuville sur Oise, France; (M.G.); (E.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Damien Seyer
- ERRMECe Laboratory, 1 rue Descartes, CY Cergy Paris University, 95031 Neuville sur Oise, France; (M.G.); (E.P.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence:
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1386
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Alam M, Bano N, Ahmad T, Sharangi AB, Upadhyay TK, Alraey Y, Alabdallah NM, Rauf MA, Saeed M. Synergistic Role of Plant Extracts and Essential Oils against Multidrug Resistance and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:855. [PMID: 35884109 PMCID: PMC9312036 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants, being the significant and natural source of medication for humankind against several ailments with characteristic substances hidden on them, have been recognized for many centuries. Accessibility of various methodologies for the revelation of therapeutically characteristic items has opened new avenues to redefine plants as the best reservoirs of new structural types. The role of plant metabolites to hinder the development and movement of pathogenic microbes is cherished. Production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases is an amazing tolerance mechanism that hinders the antibacterial treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria and is a serious problem for the current antimicrobial compounds. The exploration of the invention from sources of plant metabolites gives sustenance against the concern of the development of resistant pathogens. Essential oils are volatile, natural, complex compounds described by a solid odor and are framed by aromatic plants as secondary metabolites. The bioactive properties of essential oils are commonly controlled by the characteristic compounds present in them. They have been commonly utilized for bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, antiparasitic, insecticidal, medicinal, and antioxidant applications. Alkaloids are plant secondary metabolites that have appeared to have strong pharmacological properties. The impact of alkaloids from Callistemon citrinus and Vernonia adoensis leaves on bacterial development and efflux pump activity was assessed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Plant-derived chemicals may have direct antibacterial activity and/or indirect antibacterial activity as antibiotic resistance modifying agents, increasing the efficiency of antibiotics when used in combination. The thorough screening of plant-derived bioactive chemicals as resistance-modifying agents, including those that can act synergistically with antibiotics, is a viable method to overcome bacterial resistance. The synergistic assessment studies with the plant extract/essential oil and the antibiotic compounds is essential with a target for achieving a redesigned model with sustainable effects which are appreciably noticeable in specific sites of the plants compared to the entirety of their individual parts.
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1387
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Chaudhuri M, Singha UK, Vanderloop BH, Tripathi A, Nes WD. Steroidal Antimetabolites Protect Mice against Trypanosoma brucei. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 35807334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent for human African trypanosomiasis, is an emerging ergosterol-dependent parasite that produces chokepoint enzymes, sterol methyltransferases (SMT), not synthesized in their animal hosts that can regulate cell viability. Here, we report the lethal effects of two recently described natural product antimetabolites that disrupt Acanthamoeba sterol methylation and growth, cholesta-5,7,22,24-tetraenol (CHT) and ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraenol (ERGT) that can equally target T. brucei. We found that CHT/ERGT inhibited cell growth in vitro, yielding EC50 values in the low nanomolar range with washout experiments showing cidal activity against the bloodstream form, consistent with their predicted mode of suicide inhibition on SMT activity and ergosterol production. Antimetabolite treatment generated altered T. brucei cell morphology and death rapidly within hours. Notably, in vivo ERGT/CHT protected mice infected with T. brucei, doubling their survival time following daily treatment for 8-10 days at 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg. The current study demonstrates a new class of lead antibiotics, in the form of common fungal sterols, for antitrypanosomal drug development.
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1388
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Abstract
Covering: 2017 to 2022Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a mature molecular imaging technique that is well-matched for natural product (NP) discovery. Here we present a brief overview of MSI, followed by a thorough discussion of different MSI applications in NP research. This review will mainly focus on the recent progress of MSI in plants and microorganisms as they are the main producers of NPs. Specifically, the opportunity and potential of combining MSI with other imaging modalities and stable isotope labeling are discussed. Throughout, we focus on both the strengths and weaknesses of MSI, with an eye on future improvements that are necessary for the progression of MSI toward routine NP studies. Finally, we discuss new areas of research, future perspectives, and the overall direction that the field may take in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dong
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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1389
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Elsewedy HS, Shehata TM, Almostafa MM, Soliman WE. Hypolipidemic Activity of Olive Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Atorvastatin. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:2160. [PMID: 35807995 PMCID: PMC9267979 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, hyperlipidemia is a growing health issue that is considered a risk factor for obesity. Controlling body weight and modifying life style in most of cases are not adequate and the condition requires medical treatment. Statin drugs (mainly Atorvastatin (ATO)), have been used broadly and for long time as medications for handling higher levels of lipid, especially bad cholesterol, which accordingly controls the prevalence of obesity. Still, the obstacle that stands in front of any formulation is the poor solubility of the drug. Low solubility of ATO came up with poor absorption as well as poor bioavailability. This paved the way for the present study, which aimed to exploit nanotechnology and develop certain nanolipid carriers that could accommodate hydrophobic drugs, such as ATO. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) containing ATO was fabricated using olive oil. Olive oil is natural plant oil possessing confirmed hypolipidemic activity that would help in improving the efficacy of the formulation. Via applying the Quality by Design (QbD) approach, one NLC formula was selected to be optimized based on appropriate size and higher entrapment. Optimized ATO-NLC was scrutinized for zeta potential, in vitro study and kinetic profile. Moreover, stability testing and in vivo hypolipidemic behavior was conducted. The optimized NLC formulation seemed to show particle size (254.23 nm) with neutral zeta potential (−1.77 mV) and entrapment efficiency (69.56%). The formulation could be prolonged for 12 h and provided higher % of release (97.17%). Stability testing confirmed the role of modifying the surface of the formulation with PEG-DSPE in providing a highly stable formulation that could withstand three months storage in two altered conditions. Ultimately, optimized ATO-NLC could successfully lower total cholesterol level in rats induced with obesity and fed a high-fat diet. Remarkably, ATO-NLC prepared with olive oil, in addition to shielding its surface, would provide a stable formulation that holds up the synergistic action between olive oil and ATO.
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1390
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Liu G, Hou R, Xu L, Zhang X, Yan J, Xing C, Xu K, Zhuang C. Crystallography-Guided Optimizations of the Keap1-Nrf2 Inhibitors on the Solvent Exposed Region: From Symmetric to Asymmetric Naphthalenesulfonamides. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8289-8302. [PMID: 35687391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Directly inhibiting the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction has been investigated as a promising strategy to activate Nrf2 for anti-inflammation. We previously reported a naphthalensulfonamide Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitor NXPZ-2, but have not determined the exact binding mode with Keap1. This symmetric naphthalenesulfonamide compound has relatively low solubility. Herein, we first determined a crystal complex (resolution: 2.3 Å) of human Keap1 Kelch domain with NXPZ-2. Further optimizations on the solvent exposed region obtained asymmetric naphthalenesulfonamides and three crystal structures of Keap1 in complex with designed compounds. Among them, the asymmetric piperazinyl-naphthalenesulfonamide 6k with better aqueous solubility showed the best KD2 value of 0.21 μM to block the interaction. The productions of ROS and NO and the expression of TNF-α were inhibited by 6k in the in vitro model. This compound could relieve inflammations by significantly increasing the Nrf2 nuclear translocation in the LPS-induced ALI model with promising pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ruilin Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinqi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jianyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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1391
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Grandal B, Aljehani A, Dumas E, Daoud E, Jochum F, Gougis P, Hotton J, Lemoine A, Michel S, Laas E, Laé M, Pierga JY, Alaoui Ismaili K, Lerebours F, Reyal F, Hamy AS. No Impact of Seasonality of Diagnoses on Baseline Tumor Immune Infiltration, Response to Treatment, and Prognosis in BC Patients Treated with NAC. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133080. [PMID: 35804852 PMCID: PMC9264787 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary High tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels are associated with an increased response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC). The seasonal fluctuation of TILs in breast cancer is poorly documented. In this study, we compared pre- and post-treatment immune infiltration, the treatment response as assessed by means of pathological complete response (pCR) rates, and survival according to the seasonality of BC diagnoses in a clinical cohort of patients treated with NAC. We found no association between seasonality and baseline TIL levels or pCR rates. We found that post-NAC stromal lymphocyte infiltration was lower when cancer was diagnosed in the summer, especially in the subgroup of patients with TNBC. Our data do not support the hypothesis that the seasonality of diagnoses has a major impact on the natural history of BC treated with NAC. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) makes it possible to monitor in vivo response to treatment. Several studies have investigated the impact of the seasons on the incidence and detection of BC, on tumor composition, and on the prognosis of BC. However, no evidence is available on their association with immune infiltration and the response to treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze pre- and post-NAC immune infiltration as assessed by TIL levels, the response to treatment as assessed by pathological complete response (pCR) rates, and oncological outcomes as assessed by relapse-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) according to the seasonality of BC diagnoses in a clinical cohort of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Out of 1199 patients, the repartition of the season at BC diagnosis showed that 27.2% were diagnosed in fall, 25.4% in winter, 24% in spring, and 23.4% in summer. Baseline patient and tumor characteristics, including notable pre-NAC TIL levels, were not significantly different in terms of the season of BC diagnosis. Similarly, the pCR rates were not different. No association for oncological outcome was identified. Our data do not support the idea that the seasonality of diagnoses has a major impact on the natural history of BC treated with NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Grandal
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Ashwaq Aljehani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elise Dumas
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Eric Daoud
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Floriane Jochum
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Paul Gougis
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
| | - Judicaël Hotton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Godinot, Université de Lorraine, 51100 Reims, France;
| | - Amélie Lemoine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Godinot, Université de Lorraine, 51100 Reims, France;
| | - Sophie Michel
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Enora Laas
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Marick Laé
- Henri Becquerel Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, INSERM U1245, UniRouen Normandy University, 76130 Rouen, France;
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Pierga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75231 Paris, France; (J.-Y.P.); (K.A.I.); (F.L.)
| | - Khaoula Alaoui Ismaili
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75231 Paris, France; (J.-Y.P.); (K.A.I.); (F.L.)
| | - Florence Lerebours
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75231 Paris, France; (J.-Y.P.); (K.A.I.); (F.L.)
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-144-324-660 or +33-615-271-980
| | - Anne Sophie Hamy
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France; (B.G.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (F.J.); (P.G.); (S.M.); (E.L.); (A.S.H.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75005 Paris, France;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, University Paris, 75231 Paris, France; (J.-Y.P.); (K.A.I.); (F.L.)
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1392
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Gong FL, Han J, Li S. MULTI-SCULPT: Multiplex Integration via Selective, CRISPR-Mediated, Ultralong Pathway Transformation in Yeast for Plant Natural Product Synthesis. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:2484-2495. [PMID: 35737816 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Yeast has been a versatile model host for complex and valuable natural product biosynthesis via the reconstruction of heterologous biosynthetic pathways. Recent advances in natural product pathway elucidation have uncovered many large and complicated plant pathways that contain 10-30 genes for the biosynthesis of structurally complex, valuable natural products. However, the ability to reconstruct ultralong pathways efficiently in yeast does not match the increasing demand for valuable plant natural product biomanufacturing. Here, we developed a one-pot, multigene pathway integration method in yeast, named MULTI-SCULPT for multiplex integration via selective, CRISPR-mediated, ultralong pathway transformation. Leveraging multilocus genomic disruption via CRISPR/Cas9, newly developed native and synthetic genetic parts, and fine-tuned gene integration and characterization methods, we managed to integrate 21 DNA inserts that contain a 12-gene plant isoflavone biosynthetic pathway into yeast with a 90-100% success rate in 12 days. This method enables fast and efficient ultralong biosynthetic pathway integration and can allow for the fast iterative integration of even longer pathways in the future. Ultimately, this method will accelerate combinatorial optimization of elucidated plant natural product pathways and accelerate putative pathway characterization heterologously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Leyang Gong
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jianing Han
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sijin Li
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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1393
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Spudich A. Single plant remedies from traditional Indian medical systems in focus. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 14:100579. [PMID: 35752526 PMCID: PMC10105227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewed awareness of the potentials of traditional medical systems and the limits of biomedicine have opened the dialog on making integrative medical therapies more mainstream. The vast resources of traditional medical knowledge from classical medical texts, folk medical practices based on the rich biodiversity available in India, and sophisticated experimental science and biomedical practice, places India in a unique place to lead the effort into integrative medicine to address some of the emerging global health care issues. Frequent use of antibiotics for minor ailments, for example, have been shown to develop adverse consequences for individuals and for public health globally. Here I propose that educating the public with controlled outcome-based studies, on the power of traditional therapies to stimulate the immune system, enhance anti-inflammatory activities and to promote cell growth, are needed to bring back traditional remedies into everyday use for minor illnesses in place of commonly used biomedicines that have long term adverse consequences. For simplicity, such studies should begin with single medicinal plants that derive from folk and Ayurvedic traditions. In addition, fundamental principles underlying the efficacy of traditional therapies and their long-term advantage for wellness, needs to be integral parts of education of biomedical physicians to make integrative medicine a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamma Spudich
- National Centre for Biological Sciences/TIFR, Bangalore, India.
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1394
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Fatemi N, Tierling S, Es HA, Varkiani M, Nazemalhosseini Mojarad E, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Walter J, Totonchi M. DNA Methylation Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Applications for Precision Medicine. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:2068-2081. [PMID: 35730647 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide that is attributed to gradual long-term accumulation of both genetic and epigenetic changes. To reduce the mortality rate of CRC and to improve treatment efficacy, it will be important to develop accurate noninvasive diagnostic tests for screening, acute, and personalized diagnosis. Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation play an important role in the development and progression of CRC. Over the last decade, a panel of DNA methylation markers has been reported showing a high accuracy and reproducibility in various semi-invasive or noninvasive biosamples. Research to obtain comprehensive panels of markers allowing a highly sensitive and differentiating diagnosis of CRC is ongoing. Moreover, the epigenetic alterations for cancer therapy, as a precision medicine strategy will increase their therapeutic potential over time. Here, we discuss the current state of DNA methylation-based biomarkers and their impact on CRC diagnosis. We emphasize the need to further identify and stratify methylation-biomarkers and to develop robust and effective detection methods that are applicable for a routine clinical setting of CRC diagnostics particularly at the early stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeralsadat Fatemi
- Basic & Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Life Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Maryam Varkiani
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic & Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Life Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Basic & Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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1395
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Jannat T, Hossain MJ, El-Shehawi AM, Kuddus MR, Rashid MA, Albogami S, Jafri I, El-Shazly M, Haque MR. Chemical and Pharmacological Profiling of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. Ex Hornem.) Sims Focusing Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antidiarrheal, Hypoglycemic, and Analgesic Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134024. [PMID: 35807270 PMCID: PMC9268577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to conduct phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Sims via several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models. A total of four compounds were identified and isolated from the methanol extract of the bark and the methanol extract of the seed pulp of W. coccinea through successive chromatographic techniques and were characterized as 3β-acetyloxy-olean-12-en-28-ol (1), wrightiadione (2), 22β-hydroxylupeol (3), and β-sitosterol (4) by spectroscopic analysis. The aqueous fraction of the bark and chloroform fraction of the fruits provided the most potent antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 7.22 and 4.5 µg/mL, respectively) in DPPH free radical scavenging assay compared with the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 17.45 µg/mL). The methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract exerted anti-diarrheal activity by inhibiting 74.55 ± 0.67% and 77.78 ± 1.5% (mean ± SEM) of the diarrheal episode in mice, respectively, after four hours of loading the samples. In the hypoglycemic test, the methanol bark extract and the methanol fruit coat extract (400 mg/kg) produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the blood glucose level in mice. Both doses of the plant extracts (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) used in the study induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in pain reaction time. The in vitro and in vivo findings were supported by the computational studies. The isolated compounds exhibited higher binding affinity compared with the standard drugs towards the active binding sites of glutathione reductase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kappa opioid receptor, glucose transporter 3 (GLUT 3), Mu opioid receptor, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) proteins due to their potent antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, hypoglycemic, and central and peripheral analgesic properties, respectively. The current findings concluded that W. coccinea might be a potential natural source for managing oxidative stress, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, and pain. Further studies are warranted for extensively phytochemical screening and establishing exact mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Jannat
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Department Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jamal Hossain
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); (M.R.H.); Tel.: +88-01517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +88-01700-731-681 (M.R.H.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Md. Ruhul Kuddus
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.E.-S.); (S.A.); (I.J.)
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Rashedul Haque
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (T.J.); (M.R.K.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence: or (M.J.H.); (M.R.H.); Tel.: +88-01517-814-866 (M.J.H.); +88-01700-731-681 (M.R.H.)
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1396
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Shang Y, Zhang Z, Tian J, Li X. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Natural Products on Cerebral Ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:914630. [PMID: 35795571 PMCID: PMC9251309 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.914630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia with high mortality and morbidity still requires the effectiveness of medical treatments. A growing number of investigations have shown strong links between inflammation and cerebral ischemia. Natural medicine’s treatment methods of cerebral ischemic illness have amassed a wealth of treatment experience and theoretical knowledge. This review summarized recent progress on the disease inflammatory pathways as well as 26 representative natural products that have been routinely utilized to treat cerebral ischemic injury. These natural products have exerted anti-inflammatory effects in cerebral ischemia based on their inflammatory mechanisms, including their inflammatory gene expression patterns and their related different cell types, and the roles of inflammatory mediators in ischemic injury. Overall, the combination of the potential therapeutic interventions of natural products with the inflammatory mechanisms will make them be applicable for cerebral ischemic patients in the future.
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1397
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Mahmud N, Anik MI, Hossain MK, Khan MI, Uddin S, Ashrafuzzaman M, Rahaman MM. Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Platforms to Combat COVID-19: Diagnostics, Preventions, Therapeutics, and Vaccine Developments. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:2431-2460. [PMID: 35583460 PMCID: PMC9128020 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that emerged less than two years ago but has caused nearly 6.1 million deaths to date. Recently developed variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been shown to be more potent and expanded at a faster rate. Until now, there is no specific and effective treatment for SARS-CoV-2 in terms of reliable and sustainable recovery. Precaution, prevention, and vaccinations are the only ways to keep the pandemic situation under control. Medical and scientific professionals are now focusing on the repurposing of previous technology and trying to develop more fruitful methodologies to detect the presence of viruses, treat the patients, precautionary items, and vaccine developments. Nanomedicine or nanobased platforms can play a crucial role in these fronts. Researchers are working on many effective approaches by nanosized particles to combat SARS-CoV-2. The role of a nanobased platform to combat SARS-CoV-2 is extremely diverse (i.e., mark to personal protective suit, rapid diagnostic tool to targeted treatment, and vaccine developments). Although there are many theoretical possibilities of a nanobased platform to combat SARS-CoV-2, until now there is an inadequate number of research targeting SARS-CoV-2 to explore such scenarios. This unique mini-review aims to compile and elaborate on the recent advances of nanobased approaches from prevention, diagnostics, treatment to vaccine developments against SARS-CoV-2, and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1216,
Bangladesh
| | - Muzahidul I. Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881,
United States
| | - M. Khalid Hossain
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering
Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580,
Japan
- Atomic Energy Research Establishment,
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1349,
Bangladesh
| | - Md Ishak Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United
States
| | - Shihab Uddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395,
Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Md. Ashrafuzzaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1216,
Bangladesh
| | - Md Mushfiqur Rahaman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU
Langone Health, New York, New York 10016, United
States
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1398
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Wijaya V, Janďourek O, Křoustková J, Hradiská-Breiterová K, Korábečný J, Sobolová K, Kohelová E, Hošťálková A, Konečná K, Šafratová M, Vrabec R, Kuneš J, Opletal L, Chlebek J, Cahlíková L. Alkaloids of Dicranostigma franchetianum (Papaveraceae) and Berberine Derivatives as a New Class of Antimycobacterial Agents. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060844. [PMID: 35740968 PMCID: PMC9221290 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains has created a need for new antiTB agents with new chemical scaffolds to combat the disease. Thus, the key question is: how to search for new antiTB and where to look for them? One of the possibilities is to search among natural products (NPs). In order to search for new antiTB drugs, the detailed phytochemical study of the whole Dicranostigma franchetianum plant was performed isolating wide spectrum of isoquinoline alkaloids (IAs). The chemical structures of the isolated alkaloids were determined by a combination of MS, HRMS, 1D, and 2D NMR techniques, and by comparison with literature data. Alkaloids were screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and four other mycobacterial strains (M. aurum, M. avium, M. kansasii, and M. smegmatis). Alkaloids 3 and 5 showed moderate antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 15.625–31.25 µg/mL). Furthermore, ten semisynthetic berberine (16a–16k) derivatives were developed and tested for antimycobacterial activity. In general, the derivatization of berberine was connected with a significant increase in antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 0.39–7.81 μg/mL). Two derivatives (16e, 16k) were identified as compounds with micromolar MICs against M. tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC 2.96 and 2.78 µM). All compounds were also evaluated for their in vitro hepatotoxicity on a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2), exerting lower cytotoxicity profile than their MIC values, thereby potentially reaching an effective concentration without revealing toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viriyanata Wijaya
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Jana Křoustková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Kateřina Hradiská-Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jan Korábečný
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Kateřina Sobolová
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Anna Hošťálková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Klára Konečná
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Rudolf Vrabec
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lubomír Opletal
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jakub Chlebek
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence:
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1399
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Booth TJ, Bozhüyük KAJ, Liston JD, Batey SFD, Lacey E, Wilkinson B. Bifurcation drives the evolution of assembly-line biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3498. [PMID: 35715397 PMCID: PMC9205934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming biosynthetic assembly-lines is a topic of intense interest. This is unsurprising as the scaffolds of most antibiotics in current clinical use are produced by such pathways. The modular nature of assembly-lines provides a direct relationship between the sequence of enzymatic domains and the chemical structure of the product, but rational reprogramming efforts have been met with limited success. To gain greater insight into the design process, we wanted to examine how Nature creates assembly-lines and searched for biosynthetic pathways that might represent evolutionary transitions. By examining the biosynthesis of the anti-tubercular wollamides, we uncover how whole gene duplication and neofunctionalization can result in pathway bifurcation. We show that, in the case of the wollamide biosynthesis, neofunctionalization is initiated by intragenomic recombination. This pathway bifurcation leads to redundancy, providing the genetic robustness required to enable large structural changes during the evolution of antibiotic structures. Should the new product be non-functional, gene loss can restore the original genotype. However, if the new product confers an advantage, depreciation and eventual loss of the original gene creates a new linear pathway. This provides the blind watchmaker equivalent to the design, build, test cycle of synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Booth
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kenan A J Bozhüyük
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Natural Products in Organismic Interactions, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jonathon D Liston
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Sibyl F D Batey
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Ernest Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies, Smithfield, NSW, 2164, Australia
| | - Barrie Wilkinson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
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1400
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Engle K, Kumar G. Cancer multidrug-resistance reversal by ABCB1 inhibition: A recent update. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114542. [PMID: 35751979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatments for cancer that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs as a part of the standardized chemotherapy regimen. Cytotoxic chemicals delay and prevent cancer cells from multiplying, invading, and metastasizing. However, the significant drawbacks of cancer chemotherapy are the lack of selectivity of the cytotoxic drugs to tumour cells and normal cells and the development of resistance by cells for the particular drug or the combination of drugs. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the low sensitivity of specific cells against drugs associated with cancer chemotherapy. The most common mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance are: (a) drug-dependent MDR (b) target-dependent MDR, and (c) drug target-independent MDR. In all the factors, the overexpression of multidrug efflux systems contributes significantly to the increased resistance in the cancer cells. Multidrug resistance due to efflux of anticancer drugs by membrane ABC transporters includes ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2. ABCB1 inhibition can restore the sensitivity of the cancerous cells toward chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we discussed ABCB1 inhibitors under clinical studies with their mode of action, potency and selectivity. Also, we have highlighted the contribution of repurposing drugs, biologics and nano formulation strategies to combat multidrug resistance by modulating the ABCB1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Engle
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India.
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