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Molina BG, Fuentes J, Alemán C, Sánchez S. Merging BioActuation and BioCapacitive properties: A 3D bioprinted devices to self-stimulate using self-stored energy. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116117. [PMID: 38350239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Biofabrication of three-dimensional (3D) cultures through the 3D Bioprinting technique opens new perspectives and applications of cell-laden hydrogels. However, to continue with the progress, new BioInks with specific properties must be carefully designed. In this study, we report the synthesis and 3D Bioprinting of an electroconductive BioInk made of gelatin/fibrinogen hydrogel, C2C12 mouse myoblast and 5% w/w of conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanoparticles (PEDOT NPs). The influence of PEDOT NPs, incorporated in the cell-laden BioInk, not only showed a positive effect in cells viability, differentiation and myotube functionalities, also allowed the printed constructs to behaved as BioCapacitors. Such devices were able to electrochemically store a significant amount of energy (0.5 mF/cm2), enough to self-stimulate as BioActuator, with typical contractions ranging from 27 to 38 μN, during nearly 50 min. The biofabrication of 3D constructs with the proposed electroconductive BioInk could lead to new devices for tissue engineering, biohybrid robotics or bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G Molina
- Departament D'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. C, 08019, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Judith Fuentes
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament D'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. C, 08019, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel Sánchez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Awad S, Skipper W, Vostrejs W, Ozorowski K, Min K, Pfuhler L, Mehta D, Cooke A. The YBX3 RNA-binding protein posttranscriptionally controls SLC1A5 mRNA in proliferating and differentiating skeletal muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105602. [PMID: 38159852 PMCID: PMC10837625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In humans, skeletal muscles comprise nearly 40% of total body mass, which is maintained throughout adulthood by a balance of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. Cellular amino acid (AA) levels are critical for these processes, and mammalian cells contain transporter proteins that import AAs to maintain homeostasis. Until recently, the control of transporter regulation has largely been studied at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. However, here, we report that the RNA-binding protein YBX3 is critical to sustain intracellular AAs in mouse skeletal muscle cells, which aligns with our recent findings in human cells. We find that YBX3 directly binds the solute carrier (SLC)1A5 AA transporter messenger (m)RNA to posttranscriptionally control SLC1A5 expression during skeletal muscle cell differentiation. YBX3 regulation of SLC1A5 requires the 3' UTR. Additionally, intracellular AAs transported by SLC1A5, either directly or indirectly through coupling to other transporters, are specifically reduced when YBX3 is depleted. Further, we find that reduction of the YBX3 protein reduces proliferation and impairs differentiation in skeletal muscle cells, and that YBX3 and SLC1A5 protein expression increase substantially during skeletal muscle differentiation, independently of their respective mRNA levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that YBX3 regulates AA transport in skeletal muscle cells, and that its expression is critical to maintain skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silina Awad
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Skipper
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Vostrejs
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kristen Min
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Liva Pfuhler
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darshan Mehta
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy Cooke
- Biology Department, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, USA.
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3
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Liu Q, Xie L, Chen W. Recombinant bovine FGF1 promotes muscle satellite cells mitochondrial fission and proliferation in serum-free conditions. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113794. [PMID: 38129067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cell cultured meat is a novel and promising technology, but developing specific culture medium for muscle cells remains one of the main technical obstacles. FGF1 signaling is reported to promote proliferation and maintain proliferative capacity of satellite cells. However, the effect of FGF1 as a supplement to serum-free medium on satellite cells in vitro culture is still unclear. In this study, an efficient method for the production of soluble and biologically active recombinant bovine FGF1 (rbFGF1) protein in Escherichia coli was established. The soluble expression level of TrxA-rbFGF1 fusion protein was 562 mg/L in shake flasks, resulting in 5.5 mg of pure rbFGF1 from 0.1 L of starting culture. In serum-free culture conditions, rbFGF1 effectively promoted the proliferation and regulated the mitochondrial morphology and function of C2C12 myoblasts.rbFGF1 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling in C2C12 myoblasts, which further stimulated dynamin related protein 1 (DRP1) Ser616 phosphorylation. These findings highlighted the potential application of rbFGF1 in developing effective serum-free medium for cultured meat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lianghua Xie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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4
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Chen X, Zhu Y, Song C, Chen Y, Wang Y, Lai M, Zhang C, Fang X. MiR-424-5p targets HSP90AA1 to facilitate proliferation and restrain differentiation in skeletal muscle development. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2514-2526. [PMID: 35875894 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
MiR-424-5p was found to be a potential regulator in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells. However, the effects and functional mechanism of miR-424-5p in the process of myogenesis are still unclear. Previously, using microRNA (miRNA) sequencing and expression analysis, we discovered that miR-424-5p was expressed differentially in the different skeletal muscle growth periods of Xuhuai goats. We hypothesized that miR-424-5p might play an important role in skeletal muscle myogenesis. Then, we found that the proliferation ability of the mouse myoblast cell (C2C12 myoblast cell line) was significantly augmented, whereas the C2C12 differentiation was repressed after increasing the expression of miR-424-5p. Mechanistically, HSP90AA1 presented a close interrelation with miR-424-5p, which was predicted as a target gene in the progression of skeletal muscle myogenesis, using transcriptome sequencing, dual luciferase reporter gene detection, and qRT-PCR. The silencing of HSP90AA1 obviously increased C2C12 proliferation and diminished differentiation, which is consistent with the ability of miR-424-5p in C2C12. Altogether, our findings indicated the role of miR-424-5p as a novel potential regulator via HSP90AA1 during muscle myogenesis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
- Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chengchuang Song
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Chen
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min Lai
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xingtang Fang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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Guo Z, Zhu J, Qin G, Jia Y, Liu Z, Yang N, Guo R. Static Magnetic Fields Promote Generation of Muscle Lineage Cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells and Myoblasts. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1402-1414. [PMID: 37000377 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Static magnetic fields (SMFs) exhibit numerous biological effects and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of several adult stem cells. However, the role of SMFs in the self-renewal maintenance and developmental potential of pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) remains largely uninvestigated. Here, we show that SMFs promote the expression of the core pluripotent markers Sox2 and SSEA-1. Furthermore, SMFs facilitate the differentiation of ESCs into cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells. Consistently, transcriptome analysis reveals that muscle lineage differentiation and skeletal system specification of ESCs are remarkably strengthened by SMF stimuli. Additionally, when treated with SMFs, C2C12 myoblasts exhibit an increased proliferation rate, improved expression of skeletal muscle markers and elevated myogenic differentiation capacity compared with control cells. Together, our data show that SMFs effectively promote muscle cell generation from pluripotent stem cells and myoblasts. The noninvasive and convenient physical stimuli can be used to increase the production of muscle cells in regenerative medicine and the manufacture of cultured meat in cellular agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guanyu Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yumei Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
- INDUC Scientific Co., Ltd, No. 28-132 Jinshan North Photoelectric Science and Technology Park, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Renpeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Li F, Xu M, Miao J, Hu N, Wang Y, Wang L. Down-regulated Smyd1 participated in the inhibition of myoblast differentiation induced by cigarette smoke extract. Toxicol Lett 2023; 383:S0378-4274(23)00211-4. [PMID: 37385529 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The histone methyltransferase Smyd1 is essential for muscle development; however, its role in smoking-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction has not been investigated thus far. In this study, Smyd1 was overexpressed or knocked down in C2C12 myoblasts by an adenovirus vector and cultured in differentiation medium containing 5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 4 days. CSE exposure resulted in inhibition of C2C12 cell differentiation and downregulation of Smyd1 expression, whereas Smyd1 overexpression reduced the degree of inhibition of myotube differentiation caused by CSE exposure. CSE exposure activated P2RX7-mediated apoptosis and pyroptosis, caused increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and increased protein degradation by downregulating PGC1α, whereas Smyd1 overexpression partially restored the altered protein levels caused by CSE exposure. Smyd1 knockdown alone produced a phenotype similar to CSE exposure, and Smyd1 knockdown during CSE exposure aggravated the degree of inhibition of myotube differentiation and the degree of activation of P2RX7. CSE exposure suppressed H3K4me2 expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed the transcriptional regulation of P2rx7 by H3K4me2 modification. Our findings suggest that CSE exposure mediates C2C12 cell apoptosis and pyroptosis through the Smyd1-H3K4me2-P2RX7 axis, and inhibits PGC1α expression to impair mitochondrial biosynthesis and increase protein degradation by inhibiting Smyd1 expression, ultimately leading to abnormal C2C12 myoblasts differentiation and impaired myotube formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province
| | - Mengting Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province
| | - Jianing Miao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province
| | - Nengyin Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Medical Research Center of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China; Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Model for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Liaoning Province.
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7
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Nagasaki K, Yamada A, Sasa K, Kamijo R. Kielin/chordin-like protein enhances induction of osteoblast differentiation by Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2. FEBS Open Bio 2023. [PMID: 37226930 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play a key role in embryonic differentiation for osteoblast and bone formation. Kielin/chordin-like protein (Kcp) is known to enhance the effects of BMP signaling. Here, we present ALP activity, gene expression, and calcification data demonstrating that Kcp affects the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into osteoblasts. We report that the presence of Kcp enhances the ability of BMP-2 to induce differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into osteoblasts. Additionally, BMP-2-mediated stimulation of phosphorylated Smad1/5 was apparently enhanced in the presence of Kcp. The present findings may contribute to progression towards the clinical use of BMPs for treatment of bone fracture, osteoarthritis, and other similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nagasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Sasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University; 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Huang C, Lin D. Lactate Activates AMPK Remodeling of the Cellular Metabolic Profile and Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate is a general compound fuel serving as the fulcrum of metabolism, which is produced from glycolysis and shuttles between different cells, tissues and organs. Lactate is usually accumulated abundantly in muscles during exercise. It remains unclear whether lactate plays an important role in the metabolism of muscle cells. In this research, we assessed the effects of lactate on myoblasts and clarified the underlying metabolic mechanisms through NMR-based metabonomic profiling. Lactate treatment promoted the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts, as indicated by significantly enhanced expression levels of the proteins related to cellular proliferation and differentiation, including p-AKT, p-ERK, MyoD and myogenin. Moreover, lactate treatment profoundly regulated metabolisms in myoblasts by promoting the intake and intracellular utilization of lactate, activating the TCA cycle, and thereby increasing energy production. For the first time, we found that lactate treatment evidently promotes AMPK signaling as reflected by the elevated expression levels of p-AMPK and p-ACC. Our results showed that lactate as a metabolic regulator activates AMPK, remodeling the cellular metabolic profile, and thereby promoting the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. This study elucidates molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of lactate on skeletal muscle in vitro and may be of benefit to the exploration of lactate acting as a metabolic regulator.
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Ghzaiel I, Zarrouk A, Essadek S, Martine L, Hammouda S, Yammine A, Ksila M, Nury T, Meddeb W, Tahri Joutey M, Mihoubi W, Caccia C, Leoni V, Samadi M, Acar N, Andreoletti P, Hammami S, Ghrairi T, Vejux A, Hammami M, Lizard G. Protective effects of milk thistle (Sylibum marianum) seed oil and α-tocopherol against 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced peroxisomal alterations in murine C2C12 myoblasts: Nutritional insights associated with the concept of pexotherapy. Steroids 2022; 183:109032. [PMID: 35381271 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes play an important role in regulating cell metabolism and RedOx homeostasis. Peroxisomal dysfunctions favor oxidative stress and cell death. The ability of 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC; 50 μM, 24 h), known to be increased in patients with age-related diseases such as sarcopenia, to trigger oxidative stress, mitochondrial and peroxisomal dysfunction was studied in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The capacity of milk thistle seed oil (MTSO, 100 μg/mL) as well as α-tocopherol (400 µM; reference cytoprotective agent) to counteract the toxic effects of 7β-OHC, mainly at the peroxisomal level were evaluated. The impacts of 7β-OHC, in the presence or absence of MTSO or α-tocopherol, were studied with complementary methods: measurement of cell density and viability, quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and transmembrane mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm), evaluation of peroxisomal mass as well as topographic, morphologic and functional peroxisomal changes. Our results indicate that 7β-OHC induces a loss of cell viability and a decrease of cell adhesion associated with ROS overproduction, alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure, a drop of ΔΨm, and several peroxisomal modifications. In the presence of 7β-OHC, comparatively to untreated cells, important quantitative and qualitative peroxisomal modifications were also identified: a) a reduced number of peroxisomes with abnormal sizes and shapes, mainly localized in cytoplasmic vacuoles, were observed; b) the peroxisomal mass was decreased as indicated by lower protein and mRNA levels of the peroxisomal ABCD3 transporter; c) lower mRNA level of Pex5 involved in peroxisomal biogenesis as well as higher mRNA levels of Pex13 and Pex14, involved in peroxisomal biogenesis and/or pexophagy, was found; d) lower levels of ACOX1 and MFP2 enzymes, implicated in peroxisomal β-oxidation, were detected; e) higher levels of very-long-chain fatty acids, which are substrates of peroxisomal β-oxidation, were found. These different cytotoxic effects were strongly attenuated by MTSO, in the same range of order as with α-tocopherol. These findings underline the interest of MTSO and α-tocopherol in the prevention of peroxisomal damages (pexotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghzaiel
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Soukaina Essadek
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Lucy Martine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Souha Hammouda
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Aline Yammine
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Jdeidet P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Wiem Meddeb
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri Joutey
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, University Hassan I, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Wafa Mihoubi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Moléculaire des Eucaryotes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, B.P 1177, Université de Sfax, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Claudio Caccia
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospitals of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospitals of Desio, ASST-Brianza and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21065 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism'EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Ghzaiel I, Zarrouk A, Nury T, Libergoli M, Florio F, Hammouda S, Ménétrier F, Avoscan L, Yammine A, Samadi M, Latruffe N, Biressi S, Levy D, Bydlowski SP, Hammami S, Vejux A, Hammami M, Lizard G. Antioxidant Properties and Cytoprotective Effect of Pistacia lentiscus L. Seed Oil against 7β-Hydroxycholesterol-Induced Toxicity in C2C12 Myoblasts: Reduction in Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal Dysfunctions and Attenuation of Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111772. [PMID: 34829643 PMCID: PMC8615043 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive increase in oxidative stress, which favors lipid peroxidation and the formation of cholesterol oxide derivatives, including 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC). This oxysterol, which is known to trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, could contribute to the aging process and age-related diseases, such as sarcopenia. Identifying molecules or mixtures of molecules preventing the toxicity of 7β-OHC is therefore an important issue. This study consists of determining the chemical composition of Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus L. seed oil (PLSO) used in the Tunisian diet and evaluating its ability to counteract the cytotoxic effects induced by 7β-OHC in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The effects of 7β-OHC (50 µM; 24 h), associated or not with PLSO, were studied on cell viability, oxidative stress, and on mitochondrial and peroxisomal damages induction. α-Tocopherol (400 µM) was used as the positive control for cytoprotection. Our data show that PLSO is rich in bioactive compounds; it contains polyunsaturated fatty acids, and several nutrients with antioxidant properties: phytosterols, α-tocopherol, carotenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. When associated with PLSO (100 µg/mL), the 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxic effects were strongly attenuated. The cytoprotection was in the range of those observed with α-tocopherol. This cytoprotective effect was characterized by prevention of cell death and organelle dysfunction (restoration of cell adhesion, cell viability, and plasma membrane integrity; prevention of mitochondrial and peroxisomal damage) and attenuation of oxidative stress (reduction in reactive oxygen species overproduction in whole cells and at the mitochondrial level; decrease in lipid and protein oxidation products formation; and normalization of antioxidant enzyme activities: glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)). These results provide evidence that PLSO has similar antioxidant properties than α-tocopherol used at high concentration and contains a mixture of molecules capable to attenuate 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxic effects in C2C12 myoblasts. These data reinforce the interest in edible oils associated with the Mediterranean diet, such as PLSO, in the prevention of age-related diseases, such as sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghzaiel
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis-El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); Tel.: +216-94-837-999 or +1-212-241 9304 (A.Z.); +33-380-396-256 (G.L.)
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Michela Libergoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBio) and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesca Florio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBio) and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Souha Hammouda
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Franck Ménétrier
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21065 Dijon, France;
| | - Laure Avoscan
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Plateforme DimaCell, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Aline Yammine
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, 57070 Metz, France;
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBio) and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.L.); (F.F.); (S.B.)
| | - Débora Levy
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil; (D.L.); (S.P.B.)
| | - Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil; (D.L.); (S.P.B.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Regenerative Medicine (INCT-Regenera), CNPq, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (S.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA7270/Inserm, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (T.N.); (A.Y.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); Tel.: +216-94-837-999 or +1-212-241 9304 (A.Z.); +33-380-396-256 (G.L.)
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Zhang L, Wang J, Zhao YT, Dubielecka P, Qin G, Zhuang S, Chin EY, Liu PY, Zhao TC. Deletion of PRAK Mitigates the Mitochondria Function and Suppresses Insulin Signaling in C2C12 Myoblasts Exposed to High Glucose. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:698714. [PMID: 34671252 PMCID: PMC8521062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.698714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: p38 regulated/activated protein kinase (PRAK) plays a crucial role in modulating cell death and survival. However, the role of PRAK in the regulation of metabolic stress remains unclear. We examined the effects of PRAK on cell survival and mitochondrial function in C2C12 myoblasts in response to high glucose stresses. Methods: PRAK of C2C12 myoblasts was knocked out by using CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing technology. Both wild type and PRAK−/− C2C12 cells were exposed to high glucose at the concentration of 30 mmol/L to induce metabolic stress. The effect of irisin, an adipomyokine, on both wild type and PRAK−/− cells was determined to explore its relationship with RPAK. Cell viability, ATP product, glucose uptake, mitochondrial damage, and insulin signaling were assessed. Results: PRAK knockout decreased C2C12 viability in response to high glucose stress as evident by MTT assay in association with the reduction of ATP and glucose uptake. PRAK knockout enhanced apoptosis of C2C12 myoblasts in response to high glucose, consistent with an impairment in mitochondrial function, by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential. PRAK knockout induced impairment of mitochondrial and cell damage were rescued by irisin. PRAK knockout caused decrease in phosphorylated PI3 kinase at Tyr 485, IRS-1 and AMPKα and but did not affect non-phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1 and AMPKα signaling. High glucose caused the further reduction of phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1 and AMPKα. Irisin treatment preserved phosphorylated PI3 kinase, IRS-1by rescuing PRAK in high glucose treatment. Conclusion: Our finding indicates a pivotal role of PRAK in preserving cellular survival, mitochondrial function, and high glucose stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Brown Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yu Tina Zhao
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Patrycja Dubielecka
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Brown Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Brown Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Eugene Y Chin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Paul Y Liu
- Department of Surgery and Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ting C Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Surgery and Department of Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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12
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She Y, Li C, Jiang T, Lei S, Zhou S, Shi H, Chen R. Knockdown of CNN3 Impairs Myoblast Proliferation, Differentiation, and Protein Synthesis via the mTOR Pathway. Front Physiol 2021; 12:659272. [PMID: 34305633 PMCID: PMC8295729 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.659272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myogenesis is a complex process that requires optimal outside–in substrate–cell signaling. Calponin 3 (CNN3) plays an important role in regulating myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration; however, the precise function of CNN3 in myogenesis regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of CNN3 in a knockdown model in the mouse muscle cell line C2C12. Methods Myoblast proliferation, migration, differentiation, fusion, and protein synthesis were examined in CNN3 knockdown C2C12 mouse muscle cells. Involvement of the mTOR pathway in CNN3 signaling was explored by treating cells with the mTOR activator MHY1485. The regulatory mechanisms of CNN3 in myogenesis were further examined by RNA sequencing and subsequent gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results During proliferation, CNN3 knockdown caused a decrease in cell proliferation and migration. During differentiation, CNN3 knockdown inhibited myogenic differentiation, fusion, and protein synthesis in C2C12 cells via the AKT/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR pathways; this effect was reversed by MHY1485 treatment. Finally, KEGG and GSEA indicated that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway is affected in CNN3 knockdown cell lines. Conclusion CNN3 may promote C2C12 cell growth by regulating AKT/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR signaling. The KEGG and GSEA indicated that inhibiting CNN3 may activate several pathways, including the NOD-like receptor pathway and pathways involved in necroptosis, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou L, Lu R, Huang C, Lin D. Taurine Protects C2C12 Myoblasts From Impaired Cell Proliferation and Myotube Differentiation Under Cisplatin-Induced ROS Exposure. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:685362. [PMID: 34124164 PMCID: PMC8189557 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.685362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer patients, chemotherapeutic medication induces aberrant ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation in skeletal muscles, resulting in myofiber degradation, muscle weakness, and even cachexia, which further leads to poor therapeutic outcomes. Acting as an antioxidant, taurine is extensively used to accelerate postexercise muscle recovery in athletes. The antioxidant effects of taurine have been shown in mature myotubes and myofibers but not yet in myoblasts, the myotube precursor. The proliferation and differentiation ability of myoblasts play a very important role in myofiber repair and regeneration, which is usually impaired during chemotherapeutics in cancer patients as well. Here, we explored the effects of taurine supplementation on C2C12 myoblasts exposed to cisplatin-induced ROS. We found that cisplatin treatment led to dramatically decreased cell viability; accumulated ROS level; down-regulated expressions of MyoD1 (myoblast determination protein 1), myogenin, and MHC (myosin heavy chain); and impaired myotube differentiation in myoblasts. Significantly, taurine supplementation protected myoblasts against cisplatin-induced cell viability decrease, promoted cellular ROS clearance, and, most importantly, preserved the expressions of MyoD1, myogenin, and MHC as well as myotube differentiation ability. We further conducted NMR-based metabolomic analysis to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. We identified 14 characteristic metabolites primarily responsible for the discrimination of metabolic profiles between cisplatin-treated cells and normal counterparts, including increased levels of BCAAs (branched-chain amino acids: leucine and isoleucine), alanine, glycine, threonine, glucose, ADP (adenosine diphosphate), phenylalanine, and PC (O-phosphocholine), and decreased levels of lysine, β-alanine, choline, GPC (sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), and myo-inositol. Evidently, taurine supplementation partially reversed the changing trends of several metabolites (isoleucine, threonine, glycine, PC, β-alanine, lysine, and myo-inositol). Furthermore, taurine supplementation promoted the proliferation and myotube differentiation of myoblasts by alleviating cellular catabolism, facilitating GSH (reduced glutathione) biosynthesis, improving glucose utilization and TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle anaplerosis, and stabilizing cellular membranes. Our results demonstrated the protective effects of taurine on cisplatin-impaired myoblasts and elucidated the mechanistic rationale for the use of taurine to ameliorate muscle toxicity in clinical chemotherapy cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ruohan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihua Huang
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Yang L, Qi Q, Wang J, Song C, Wang Y, Chen X, Chen H, Zhang C, Hu L, Fang X. MiR-452 Regulates C2C12 Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation via Targeting ANGPT1. Front Genet 2021; 12:640807. [PMID: 33777108 PMCID: PMC7994525 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.640807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are a kind of endogenous, non-coding, single-strand small RNA. They have been reported as an important regulatory factor in skeletal myogenesis. In this study, miR-452 was selected from RNA high-throughput sequencing data to explore its regulatory role in myogenesis. Functionally, miR-452 overexpression could promote C2C12 myoblast proliferation while inhibiting myogenic differentiation. On the contrary, inhibition of miR-452 could suppress C2C12 myoblast proliferation but accelerate myogenic differentiation. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase report assays showed that Angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), RB1, and CACNB4 were the potential target genes of miR-452. To further confirm the target relationship between ANGPT1, RB1, and CACNB4 with miR-452, the mRNA level and protein level of these genes were detected by using RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Result analysis indicated that ANGPT1 was a target gene of miR-452. In addition, knockdown of ANGPT1 could obviously promote C2C12 myoblast proliferation but block their differentiation. In summary, these results demonstrated that miR-452 promoted C2C12 myoblast proliferation and inhibited their differentiation via targeting ANGPT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Yang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chengchuang Song
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Linyong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Xingtang Fang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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15
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Choe H, Lee H, Lee J, Kim Y. Protective effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid against oxidative stress by inducing phase II enzymes in C2C12 myoblast cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13639. [PMID: 33533516 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the cytoprotective effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) via inducing phase II enzymes in C2C12 myoblasts was evaluated. The highest concentration of GABA (100 μM) significantly increased the cell viability by approximately 90% in hydrogen peroxide-induced C2C12 cells. The treatment with GABA (100 μM) effectively decreased the glutathione (GSH) depletion and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). And, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were effectively reduced by about 50% in GABA-treated cells. In addition, the protein expression of phase II enzymes, such as NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased by GABA treatment. Moreover, GABA treatment increased the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression in the nucleus of C2C12 myoblasts. Altogether, the results in this study indicate that GABA possesses the cytoprotective effects against oxidative insults by regulating the GSH levels, CAT and SOD activities, ROS scavenging activities, and expression of phase II enzymes through the activation of Nrf2 in C2C12 cells. Hence, this study suggests that the GABA supplementation could be effective in alleviating oxidative stress-induced muscle damage. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: GABA exists in the germ and bran layers of rice and is well-known as the inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. GABA also has various health beneficial effects, such as preventing chronic alcohol-related diseases and lowering blood pressure. The present study shows the cytoprotective effect of GABA against oxidative stress in C2C12 myoblasts, and suggests that GABA has great potential as a functional food ingredient for attenuating oxidative stress-induced muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjeong Choe
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Kim
- School of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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16
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Dong YH, Zhou CJ, Zhang MY, Tao J, Zhang XM, An L, Zhang J, Yang J, Liu DJ, Cang M. MiR-455-5p monitors myotube morphogenesis by targeting mylip. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:442-455. [PMID: 33399227 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As a posttranscriptional regulatory factor, microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the formation of myotubes. However, little is known about the mechanism of miRNA regulating myotube morphogenesis. Here, we aimed to characterize the function of miR-455-5p in myotube morphogenesis by inducing differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts containing murine Mylip fragments with the miR-455-5p target sequence. We found that miR-455-5p overexpression promoted the differentiation and hypertrophy of myotubes, while miR-455-5p inhibition led to the failure of myotube differentiation and formation of short myotubes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-455-5p directly targeted the Mylip 3'-untranslated region, which plays a key role in monitoring myotube morphogenesis. Interestingly, the expression and function of Mylip were opposite to those of miR-455-5p during myogenesis. Our data uncovered novel miR-455-5p targets and established a functional link between Mylip and myotube morphogenesis. Understanding the involvement of Mylip in myotube morphogenesis provides insight into the function of the gene regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lu An
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Dong-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ming Cang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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17
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Chen L, König B, Stauber T. LRRC8 channel activation and reduction in cytosolic chloride concentration during early differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:482-488. [PMID: 32892951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat containing family 8 (LRRC8) proteins form the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC). Recently, they were shown to be required for normal differentiation and fusion of C2C12 myoblasts, by promoting membrane hyperpolarization and intracellular Ca2+ signals. However, the mechanism by which they are involved remained obscure. Here, using a FRET-based sensor for VRAC activity, we show temporary activation of VRAC within the first 2 h of myogenic differentiation. During this period, we also observed a significant decrease in the intracellular Cl- concentration that was abolished by the VRAC inhibitor carbenoxolone. However, lowering the intracellular Cl- concentration by extracellular Cl- depletion did not promote differentiation as judged by the percentage of myogenin-positive nuclei or total myogenin levels in C2C12 cells. Instead, it inhibited myosin expression and myotube formation. Together, these data suggest that VRAC is activated and mediates Cl- efflux early on during myogenic differentiation, and a moderate intracellular Cl- concentration is necessary for myoblast fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingye Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin König
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Stauber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Department of Human Medicine and Institute for Molecular Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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Li J, Yang Q, Han L, Pan C, Lei C, Chen H, Lan X. C2C12 Mouse Myoblasts Damage Induced by Oxidative Stress Is Alleviated by the Antioxidant Capacity of the Active Substance Phloretin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:541260. [PMID: 33042989 PMCID: PMC7516399 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.541260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new direction for the treatment of skeletal myopathies, which are mainly caused by abnormal mitochondrial metabolism, is the application of drugs and active substances to relieve oxidative stress in mitochondria. Phloretin, a dihydrochalcone active substance widely present in succulent fruits, has attracted attention for its strong antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the potential antioxidant effects of phloretin and its potential mechanism of action in C2C12 mouse myoblasts. Under oxidative stress caused by 500 μmol/L H2O2, the addition of 10 μmol/L phloretin ameliorated the high level of reactive oxygen species, increased CuZn/Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase activities, and restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, apoptosis, necrocytosis, and the inhibition of cell proliferation caused by H2O2 stimulation were alleviated by phloretin. Moreover, phloretin significantly increased the expression of cyclin D1 and alleviated the stagnation trend of the G1 phase of cell proliferation caused by H2O2. Furthermore, the addition of phloretin simultaneously significantly increased the protein and mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and alleviated the inhibitory phosphorylation of p-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and p-liver kinase B1 (LKB1) induced by H2O2. Moreover, the expression of nuclear Nrf2 was higher with phloretin treatment than without phloretin treatment. Overall, phloretin alleviated the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induced by H2O2 and exerted antioxidant effects via the LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in C2C12 cells. These results provide insight for the application of phloretin to alleviate oxidative damage to muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chuanying Pan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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19
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Gan M, Yang D, Fan Y, Du J, Shen L, Li Q, Jiang Y, Tang G, Li M, Wang J, Li X, Zhang S, Zhu L. Bidirectional regulation of genistein on the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1352-1358. [PMID: 29171786 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1409917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is a widely studied phytoestrogen. The effects of genistein on myoblasts were reported long ago, but the conclusions are controversial. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different concentrations of genistein on C2C12 myoblasts. Genistein treatment promoted myoblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in the concentration range of 0-2 µM/L, reaching its maximum effect at 2 µM/L. Proliferation then declined, and a concentration higher than 20 µM/L showed significant inhibition. In addition, genistein treatment promoted myoblast differentiation at a dose of 10 µM/L. However, at treatment concentrations higher than 10 µM/L, the effect on myoblast differentiation was rapidly inhibited as the concentration increased. Genistein treatment also down-regulated the expression of miR-222, resulting in increased expression of its target genes, MyoG, MyoD, and ERα and thereby promoting myoblast differentiation. Our results suggest that genistein has a dose-dependent and bidirectional regulation effect on myoblast proliferation and differentiation. We also found that genistein is a miRNA inducer, and it specifically affects the expression of miR-222 to regulate myoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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20
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Ariyasinghe NR, Santoso JW, Gupta D, Pincus MJ, August PR, McCain ML. Optical Clearing of Skeletal Muscle Bundles Engineered in 3-D Printed Templates. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:523-535. [PMID: 32748107 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Many techniques for engineering and interrogating three-dimensional (3-D) muscle bundles from animal- or patient-derived myoblasts have recently been developed to overcome the limitations of existing in vitro and in vivo model systems. However, many approaches for engineering 3-D muscle bundles rely on specialized and time-consuming techniques, such as photolithography for fabrication and cryosectioning for histology. Cryosectioning also limits visualization to a single plane instead of the entire 3-D structure. To address these challenges, we first implemented a consumer-grade 3-D-printer to rapidly prototype multiple templates for engineering muscle bundles. We then employed our templates to engineer 3D muscle bundles and identify template geometries that promoted bundle survival over three weeks. Subsequently, we implemented tissue clearing, immunostaining, and confocal imaging to acquire z-stacks of intact muscle bundles labelled for myogenic markers. With this approach, we could select the imaging plane on-demand and visualize the intact 3-D structure of bundles. However, tissue clearing did cause some tissue degradation that should be considered. Together, these advances in muscle tissue engineering and imaging will accelerate the use of these 3-D tissue platforms for disease modeling and therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nethika R Ariyasinghe
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 San Vicente Blvd, AHSP A9228, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.,Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Santoso
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Divya Gupta
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Mark J Pincus
- Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA.,Department of Science & CTE, Ironwood Ridge High School, 2475 W Naranja Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85742, USA
| | - Paul R August
- Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA.,Agios Pharmaceuticals, 88 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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21
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Davis PR, Miller SG, Verhoeven NA, Morgan JS, Tulis DA, Witczak CA, Brault JJ. Increased AMP deaminase activity decreases ATP content and slows protein degradation in cultured skeletal muscle. Metabolism 2020; 108:154257. [PMID: 32370945 PMCID: PMC7319876 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein degradation is an energy-dependent process, requiring ATP at multiple steps. However, reports conflict as to the relationship between intracellular energetics and the rate of proteasome-mediated protein degradation. METHODS To determine whether the concentration of the adenine nucleotide pool (ATP + ADP + AMP) affects protein degradation in muscle cells, we overexpressed an AMP degrading enzyme, AMP deaminase 3 (AMPD3), via adenovirus in C2C12 myotubes. RESULTS Overexpression of AMPD3 resulted in a dose- and time-dependent reduction of total adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP and AMP) without increasing the ADP/ATP or AMP/ATP ratios. In agreement, the reduction of total adenine nucleotide concentration did not result in increased Thr172 phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a common indicator of intracellular energetic state. Furthermore, LC3 protein accumulation and ULK1 (Ser 555) phosphorylation were not induced. However, overall protein degradation and ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis were slowed by overexpression of AMPD3, despite unchanged content of several proteasome subunit proteins and proteasome activity in vitro under standard conditions. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings indicate that a physiologically relevant decrease in ATP content, without a concomitant increase in ADP or AMP, is sufficient to decrease the rate of protein degradation and activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in muscle cells. This suggests that adenine nucleotide degrading enzymes, such as AMPD3, may be a viable target to control muscle protein degradation and perhaps muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Davis
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, United States of America
| | - Spencer G Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, United States of America
| | - Nicolas A Verhoeven
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, United States of America
| | - Joshua S Morgan
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, United States of America
| | - David A Tulis
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, United States of America
| | - Carol A Witczak
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Brault
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America.
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22
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Brito Barrera Y, Hause G, Menzel M, Schmelzer C, Lehner E, Mäder K, Wölk C, Groth T. Engineering osteogenic microenvironments by combination of multilayers from collagen type I and chondroitin sulfate with novel cationic liposomes. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100071. [PMID: 32924006 PMCID: PMC7476072 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic liposomes composed of a novel lipid (N-{6-amino-1-[N-(9Z) -octadec9-enylamino] -1-oxohexan-(2S) -2-yl} -N'- {2- [N, N-bis(2-aminoethyl) amino] ethyl} -2-hexadecylpropandiamide) (OO4) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) possess high amounts of amino groups and are promising systems for lipofection. Moreover, these cationic liposomes can also be used as a polycationic entity in multilayer formation using layer-by-layer technique (LbL), which is a method to fabricate surface coatings by alternating adsorption of polyanions and polycations. Since liposomes are suitable for endocytosis by or fusion with cells, controlled release of their cargo on site is possible. Here, a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) system was designed of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and collagen type I (Col I) by LbL technique with OO4/DOPE liposomes embedded in the terminal layers to create an osteogenic microenvironment. Both, the composition of PEM and cargo of the liposomes were used to promote osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts as in vitro model. The internalization of cargo-loaded liposomes from the PEM into C2C12 cells was studied using lipophilic (Rhodamine-DOPE conjugate) and hydrophilic (Texas Red-labeled dextran) model compounds. Besides, the use of Col I and CS should mimic the extracellular matrix of bone for future applications such as bone replacement therapies. Physicochemical studies of PEM were done to characterize the layer growth, thickness, and topography. The adhesion of myoblast cells was also evaluated whereby the benefit of a cover layer of CS and finally Col I above the liposome layer was demonstrated. As proof of concept, OO4/DOPE liposomes were loaded with dexamethasone, a compound that can induce osteogenic differentiation. A successful induction of osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells with the novel designed liposome-loaded PEM system was shown. These findings indicate that designed OH4/DOPE loaded PEMs have a high potential to be used as drug delivery or transfection system for implant coating in the field of bone regeneration and other applications.
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Key Words
- AFM, Atomic force microscopy
- C2C12 myoblasts
- CLSM, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
- CS, chondroitin sulfate
- Col I, Collagen I
- DLS, Dynamic light scattering
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- DOPE, dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine
- Dex, Dexamethasone
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- GAG, Glycosaminoglycan
- LbL, Layer-by-Layer technique
- OO4, (N-{6-amino-1-[N-(9Z) -octadec9-enylamino] -1-oxohexan-(2S) -2-yl} -N’- {2- [N, N-bis(2-aminoethyl) amino] ethyl} -2-hexadecylpropandiamide)
- PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline
- PEI, Polyethylenimine
- PEM, Polyelectrolyte multilayer
- SEM, Scanning electron microscopy
- SPR, Surface plasmon resonance
- TEM, Transmission electron microscopy
- WCA, Water contact angle
- cationic lipids
- chondroitin sulfate
- collagen I
- internalization
- osteogenic differentiation
- polyelectrolyte multilayer system
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.A. Brito Barrera
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle−Wittenberg, Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - G. Hause
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - M. Menzel
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS), Walter-Hülse-Strasse 1, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - C.E.H. Schmelzer
- Department of Biological and Macromolecular Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS), Walter-Hülse-Strasse 1, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E. Lehner
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle−Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - K. Mäder
- Department Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle−Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - C. Wölk
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T. Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle−Wittenberg, Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
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23
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Husteden C, Doberenz F, Goergen N, Pinnapireddy SR, Janich C, Langner A, Syrowatka F, Repanas A, Erdmann F, Jedelská J, Bakowsky U, Groth T, Wölk C. Contact-Triggered Lipofection from Multilayer Films Designed as Surfaces for in Situ Transfection Strategies in Tissue Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:8963-8977. [PMID: 32003972 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials, which release active compounds after implantation, are an essential tool for targeted regenerative medicine. In this study, thin multilayer films loaded with lipid/DNA complexes (lipoplexes) were designed as surface coatings for in situ transfection applicable in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The film production and embedding of lipoplexes were based on the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CHI) were used as the polyelectrolyte components. The embedded plasmid DNA was complexed using a new designed cationic lipid formulation, namely, OH4/DOPE 1/1, the advantageous characteristics of which have been proven already. Three different methods were tested regarding its efficiency of lipid and DNA deposition. Therefore, several surface specific analytics were used to characterize the LbL formation, the lipid DNA embedding, and the surface characteristics of the multilayer films, such as fluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, ellipsometry, zeta potential measurements, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Interaction studies were conducted for optimized lipoplex-loaded polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) that showed an efficient attachment of C2C12 cells on the surface. Furthermore, no acute toxic effects were found in cell culture studies, demonstrating biocompatibility. Cell culture experiments with C2C12 cells, a cell line which is hard to transfect, demonstrated efficient transfection of the reporter gene encoding for green fluorescent protein. In vivo experiments using the chicken embryo chorion allantois membrane animal replacement model showed efficient gene-transferring rates in living complex tissues, although the DNA-loaded films were stored over 6 days under wet and dried conditions. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that OH4/DOPE 1/1 lipoplex-loaded PEMs composed of HA and CHI can be an efficient tool for in situ transfection in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Husteden
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Falko Doberenz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department Biomedical Materials , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Nathalie Goergen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , University of Marburg , Robert-Koch-Str. 4 , 35037 Marburg , Germany
| | - Shashank Reddy Pinnapireddy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , University of Marburg , Robert-Koch-Str. 4 , 35037 Marburg , Germany
| | - Christopher Janich
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Andreas Langner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Frank Syrowatka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Alexandros Repanas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department Biomedical Materials , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Jarmila Jedelská
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , University of Marburg , Robert-Koch-Str. 4 , 35037 Marburg , Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , University of Marburg , Robert-Koch-Str. 4 , 35037 Marburg , Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department Biomedical Materials , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Materials Science , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State University , Trubetskaya Street 8 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Christian Wölk
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Medicine , Leipzig University , 04317 Leipzig , Germany
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24
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Feng Y, Zhang J, Tian X, Wu J, Lu J, Shi R. Mechanical stretch activates glycometabolism-related enzymes via estrogen in C 2 C 12 myoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5702-5710. [PMID: 31975415 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Moderate exercise improves glycometabolic disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus in menopausal females. So far, the effect of exercise-induced estrogen on muscular glycometabolism is not well defined. The current study was designed to explore the effect of mechanical stretch-induced estrogen on glycometabolism in mouse C2 C12 myoblasts. The mouse C2 C12 myoblasts in vitro were assigned randomly to the control (C), stretch (S), and stretch plus aromatase inhibitor anastrozole (SA) groups. Cells in the S group were stretched by the Flexcell FX-5000™ system (15% magnitude, 1 Hz frequency, and 6-hr duration) whereas those in the SA group were treated with 400 μg/ml anastrozole before the same stretching. Glucose uptake, estradiol levels, PFK-1 levels, and oxygen consumption rate were determined, and the expression of HK, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, and GLUT4 proteins were semiquantified with western blot analysis. Compared to the control, the estradiol level, oxygen consumption rate, expression of HK, PI3K, and PFK-1 proteins, the ratio of p-AKT to AKT, and the ratio of GLUT4 in the cell membrane to that in the whole cell were higher in the S group. On the other hand, the estradiol level, glucose uptake, expression of PFK-1 and GLUT4 proteins, oxygen consumption rate, expression of HK protein, and the ratio of p-AKT/AKT were lower in the myoblasts in the SA group than those in the S group. The level of estradiol was positively correlated with glucose uptake (p < .01, r = .818). Therefore, mechanical stretch-induced estrogen increased the expression of glycometabolism-related enzymes and proteins in the mouse C2 C12 myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Tian
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxi Wu
- Central Laboratories, Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiang Lu
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Rengfei Shi
- Department of Exercise Biochemistry, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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25
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Gong HY, Park J, Kim W, Kim J, Lee JY, Koh WG. A Novel Conductive and Micropatterned PEG-Based Hydrogel Enabling the Topographical and Electrical Stimulation of Myoblasts. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:47695-47706. [PMID: 31794187 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed a cell-adhesive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel that simultaneously provides topographical and electrical stimuli to C2C12 myoblasts. Specifically, PEG hydrogels with microgroove structures of 3 μm ridges and 3 μm grooves were prepared by micromolding; in situ polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was then performed within the micropatterned PEG hydrogels to create a microgrooved conductive hydrogel (CH/P). The CH/P had clear replica patterns of the silicone mold and a conductivity of 2.49 × 10-3 S/cm, with greater than 85% water content. In addition, the CH exhibited Young's modulus (45.84 ± 7.12 kPa) similar to that of a muscle tissue. The surface of the CH/P was further modified via covalent bonding with cell-adhesive peptides to facilitate cell adhesion without affecting conductivity. An in vitro cell assay revealed that the CH/P was cytocompatible and enhanced the cell alignment and elongation of C2C12 myoblasts. The microgrooves and conductivity of the CH/P had the greatest positive effect on the myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts compared to the other PEG hydrogel samples without conductivity or/and microgrooves, even in the absence of electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation studies indicated that the combination of topographical and electrical cues maximized the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into myotubes, confirming the synergetic effect of incorporating microgroove surface features and a conductive PEDOT component into hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61105 , South Korea
| | | | | | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61105 , South Korea
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26
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Calzia D, Ottaggio L, Cora A, Chiappori G, Cuccarolo P, Cappelli E, Izzotti A, Tavella S, Degan P. Characterization of C2C12 cells in simulated microgravity: Possible use for myoblast regeneration. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3508-3518. [PMID: 31549411 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Muscle loss is a major problem for many in lifetime. Muscle and bone degeneration has also been observed in individuals exposed to microgravity and in unloading conditions. C2C12 myoblst cells are able to form myotubes, and myofibers and these cells have been employed for muscle regeneration purposes and in myogenic regeneration and transplantation studies. We exposed C2C12 cells in an random position machine to simulate microgravity and study the energy and the biochemical challenges associated with this treatment. Simulated microgravity exposed C2C12 cells maintain positive proliferation indices and delay the differentiation process for several days. On the other hand this treatment significantly alters many of the biochemical and the metabolic characteristics of the cell cultures including calcium homeostasis. Recent data have shown that these perturbations are due to the inhibition of the ryanodine receptors on the membranes of intracellular calcium stores. We were able to reverse this perturbations treating cells with thapsigargin which prevents the segregation of intracellular calcium ions in the mitochondria and in the sarco/endoplasmic reticula. Calcium homeostasis appear a key target of microgravity exposure. In conclusion, in this study we reported some of the effects induced by the exposure of C2C12 cell cultures to simulated microgravity. The promising information obtained is of fundamental importance in the hope to employ this protocol in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Calzia
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), Biochemistry Laboratory, Univiversity of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Ottaggio
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cora
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chiappori
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Cuccarolo
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Rare Diseases, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Department of Integrated Pediatric and Hemato-oncological Sciences, Haematology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Tavella
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Univiversity of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Degan
- Mutagenesis and Preventive Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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27
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Chen L, Becker TM, Koch U, Stauber T. The LRRC8/VRAC anion channel facilitates myogenic differentiation of murine myoblasts by promoting membrane hyperpolarization. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14279-14288. [PMID: 31387946 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myoblast differentiation involves elaborate signaling networks, including the activity of various ion channels and transporters. Several K+ and Ca2+ channels have been shown to affect myogenesis, but little is known about roles of Cl- channels in the associated processes. Here, we report that the leucine-rich repeat containing family 8 (LRRC8)/volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) promotes mouse myoblast differentiation. All LRRC8 subunits of heteromeric VRAC were expressed during myotube formation of murine C2C12 myoblasts. Pharmacological VRAC inhibitors, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the essential VRAC subunit LRRC8A, or VRAC activity-suppressing overexpression of LRRC8A effectively reduced the expression of the myogenic transcription factor myogenin and suppressed myoblast fusion while not affecting myoblast proliferation. We found that inhibiting VRAC impairs plasma membrane hyperpolarization early during differentiation. At later times (more than 6 h after inducing differentiation), VRAC inhibition no longer suppressed myoblast differentiation, suggesting that VRAC acts upstream of K+ channel activation. Consequently, VRAC inhibition prevented the increase of intracellular steady-state Ca2+ levels that normally occurs during myogenesis. Our results may explain the mechanism for the thinning of skeletal muscle bundles observed in LRRC8A-deficient mice and highlight the importance of the LRRC8/VRAC anion channel in cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingye Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten M Becker
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Koch
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Stauber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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28
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Yang DL, Gan ML, Tan Y, Ge GH, Li Q, Jiang YZ, Tang GQ, Li MZ, Wang JY, Li XW, Zhang SH, Zhu L. [MiR-222-3р Regulates the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts by Targeting BTG2]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2019; 53:44-52. [PMID: 30895952 DOI: 10.1134/s002689841901018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MiR-222-3р has been implicated in tumor cell proliferation and has an important role in the differentiation and maturation of myogenic cells. However, its role in skeletal myoblast proliferation is still unclear. In this study, we found that miR-222-3р expression increases initially and then decreases during C2C12 myoblast proliferation. Using synthetic miRNA mimics and inhibitors in gain- or loss-of-function experiments, we snowed that miR-222-3р overexpression in C2C12 cells promotes myoblast proliferation and represses myofiber formation, while miR-222-3р downregulation has the opposite effect. Using a prediction program, BTG2 was identified as a possible target gene of miR-222-3р. During myogenesis, miR-222-3р mimics repress BTG2 expression, while miR-222-3р inhibitors promote BTG2 expression. Using dual-luciferase reporter assay, we further demonstrated that miR-222-3р specifically targets BTG2. Additionally, we show that siRNA-mediated downregulation of BTG2 expression in C2C12 myoblasts promotes the proliferation and suppresses differentiation. In conclusion, we provide a novel insight into the mechanism by which miR-222-3р regulates the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts by targeting BTG2. This information contributes to our understanding of the role of miRNAs in skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Yang
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - M L Gan
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Y Tan
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - G H Ge
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Q Li
- Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Y Z Jiang
- College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - G Q Tang
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - M Z Li
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - J Y Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460 China
| | - X W Li
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - S H Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - L Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetics Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
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29
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Dye DE, Kinnear BF, Chaturvedi V, Coombe DR. Interaction Between Skeletal Muscle Cells and Extracellular Matrix Proteins Using a Serum Free Culture System. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1889:185-212. [PMID: 30367415 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8897-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to grow C2C12 myoblasts in a completely defined, serum free medium enables researchers to investigate the role of specific factors in myoblast proliferation, migration, fusion, and differentiation without the confounding effects of serum. The use of defined, animal free in vitro culture systems will improve reproducibility between research groups and may also enhance translation of tissue engineering techniques into clinical applications. Here, we describe the use and characterization of a serum free culture system for C2C12 myoblasts using standard tissue culture medium and readily available, defined growth factors and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Dye
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Beverley F Kinnear
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Vishal Chaturvedi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Deirdre R Coombe
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
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30
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Ge G, Yang D, Tan Y, Chen Y, Jiang D, Jiang A, Li Q, Liu Y, Zhong Z, Li X, Zhang S, Zhu L. miR-10b-5p Regulates C2C12 Myoblasts Proliferation and Differentiation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:291-299. [PMID: 30336746 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1533805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of skeletal muscle is a complex process including myoblasts proliferation and differentiation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Increasing evidences indicate that miRNAs are important regulators in myogenic processes. Here, we reported that the expression of miR-10b-5p steadily decreased during myoblasts proliferation, but significantly increased during myoblasts differentiation. The over-expression of miR-10b-5p promoted myoblasts proliferation and blunted myofiber formation in C2C12 cells, while miR-10b-5p down-regulation showed an opposite result. At the same time, we observed that the down-regulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) repressed the differentiation of C2C12 cells, and interestingly, miR-10b-5p could suppress NFAT5 expression. Luciferase activity assays confirmed that miR-10b-5p directly target the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of NFAT5. Overall, we proposed here a novel insight that miR-10b-5p regulates the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, and the impact on myogenic differentiation is partly through targeting NFAT5. Abbreviations: NFAT5: nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5; Cyclin B: cycle protein B; Cyclin D1: cycle protein D1; Cyclin E: cycle protein E; CDK4: cyclin-dependent kinase 4; MyoD: myogenic differentiation antigen; MyoG: myogenin; Myf5: myogenic factor 5; MRF4: myogenic regulatory factor 4; MyHC: myosin heavy chain; AQP5: aquaporin-5; CACNA1C: calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C; SRF: serum response factor; Pax7: paired box 7; KLF4: Kruppel-like factor 4; 3'-UTR: 3'-untranslated region; GM: growth medium; DM: differentiation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Ge
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Dongli Yang
- b Luzhou Animal Husbandry Station , Luzhou , Sichuan , China
| | - Ya Tan
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,c Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary , Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science , Guiyang , Guizhou , China
| | - Ying Chen
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Anan Jiang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Qiang Li
- d Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry , Chengdu , China
| | - Yihui Liu
- d Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry , Chengdu , China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- e Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province , Sichuan Animal Science Academy , Chengdu , China
| | - Xuewei Li
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Li Zhu
- a College of Animal Science & Technology , Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
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31
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Hsueh TY, Baum JI, Huang Y. Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Myogenesis and Mitochondrial Biosynthesis during Murine Skeletal Muscle Cell Differentiation. Front Nutr 2018; 5:15. [PMID: 29594127 PMCID: PMC5857576 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids are important nutrients for human health, especially omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have been found to play positive roles in the prevention of various diseases. However, previous studies have reported that excessive omega-3 fatty acids supplement during pregnancy caused side effects such as slower neural transmission times and postnatal growth restriction. In this study, we investigated the effect of EPA and DHA on mitochondrial function and gene expression in C2C12 myoblasts during skeletal muscle differentiation. C2C12 myoblasts were cultured to confluency and then treated with differentiation medium that contained fatty acids (50-µM EPA and DHA). After 72 h of myogenic differentiation, mRNA was collected, and gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Microscopy was used to examine cell morphology following treatment with fatty acids. The effect of EPA and DHA on cellular oxygen consumption was measured using a Seahorse XF24 Analyzer. Cells treated with fatty acids had fewer myotubes formed (P ≤ 0.05) compared with control cells. The expression of the genes related to myogenesis was significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) in cells treated with fatty acids, compared with control cells. Genes associated with adipogenesis had higher (P ≤ 0.05) expression after treatment with fatty acids. Also, the mitochondrial biogenesis decreased with lower (P ≤ 0.05) gene expression and lower (P ≤ 0.05) mtDNA/nDNA ratio in cells treated with fatty acids compared with control cells. However, the expression of genes related to peroxisome biosynthesis was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in cells treated with fatty acids. Moreover, fatty-acid treatment reduced (P ≤ 0.05) oxygen consumption rate under oligomycin-inhibited (reflecting proton leak) and uncoupled conditions. Our data imply that fatty acids might reduce myogenesis and increase adipogenesis in myotube formation. Fatty acids may also decrease cell metabolism by reducing mitochondrial biogenesis as well as respiration rate. This study suggests that the maternal overdosage of EPA and DHA may influence fetal muscle development, increase intramuscular adipose tissue deposition in offspring, and have a long-term effect on the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes in adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun-Yun Hsueh
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Jamie I Baum
- Department of Food Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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32
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Gan M, Du J, Shen L, Yang D, Jiang A, Li Q, Jiang Y, Tang G, Li M, Wang J, Li X, Zhang S, Zhu L. miR-152 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts by targeting E2F3. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:304-310. [PMID: 29508126 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of skeletal muscle is a complex process involving the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and changing of muscle fiber types in myoblasts. Many reports have described the involvement of microRNAs in the myogenesis of myoblasts. In this study, we found that the expression of miR-152 was gradually down-regulated during myoblast proliferation, but gradually up-regulated during the differentiation of myoblasts. Transfection with miR-152 mimics restrained cell proliferation and decreased the expression levels of cyclin E, CDK4, and cyclin D1, but promoted myotube formation and significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of MyHC, MyoD, MRF4, and MyoG in C2C12 myoblasts. However, treatment with miR-152 inhibitors promoted cell proliferation and restrained differentiation. Moreover, over-expression of miR-152 significantly decreased E2F3 production in C2C12 myoblasts. A luciferase assay confirmed that miR-152 could bind to the 3' UTR of E2F3. In conclusion, this study showed that miR-152 inhibited proliferation and promoted myoblast differentiation by targeting E2F3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Dongli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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33
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Shahini A, Choudhury D, Asmani M, Zhao R, Lei P, Andreadis ST. NANOG restores the impaired myogenic differentiation potential of skeletal myoblasts after multiple population doublings. Stem Cell Res 2017; 26:55-66. [PMID: 29245050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the activity of satellite cells residing in the skeletal muscle niche. However, systemic and intrinsic factors decrease the myogenic differentiation potential of satellite cells thereby impairing muscle regeneration. Here we present data showing that late passage C2C12 myoblasts exhibited significantly impaired myogenic differentiation potential that was accompanied by impaired expression of myogenic regulatory factors (Myf5, MyoD, Myogenin, and MRF4) and members of myocyte enhancer factor 2 family. Notably, ectopic expression of NANOG preserved the morphology and restored the myogenic differentiation capacity of late passage myoblasts, possibly by restoring the expression level of these myogenic factors. Muscle regeneration was effective in 2D cultures and in 3D skeletal microtissues mimicking the skeletal muscle niche. The presence of NANOG was required for at least 15days to reverse the impaired differentiation potential of myoblasts. However, it was critical to remove NANOG during the process of maturation, as it inhibited myotube formation. Finally, myoblasts that were primed by NANOG maintained their differentiation capacity for 20days after NANOG withdrawal, suggesting potential epigenetic changes. In conclusion, these results shed light on the potential of NANOG to restore the myogenic differentiation potential of myoblasts, which is impaired after multiple rounds of cellular division, and to reverse the loss of muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shahini
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
| | - Debanik Choudhury
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
| | - Mohammadnabi Asmani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
| | - Ruogang Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
| | - Pedro Lei
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA.
| | - Stelios T Andreadis
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA; Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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34
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Chen TH, Chen CY, Wen HC, Chang CC, Wang HD, Chuu CP, Chang CH. YAP promotes myogenic differentiation via the MEK5-ERK5 pathway. FASEB J 2017; 31:2963-2972. [PMID: 28356344 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601090r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional coactivator in the Hippo pathway that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The MEK5/ERK5 MAPK cascade is essential for the early step of myogenesis. In this study, we generated C2C12 stable cell lines that expressed YAP (C2C12-YAP cells) and found that ERK5 and MEK5 were activated in C2C12-YAP cells compared with control C2C12 (C2C12-vector) cells. C2C12-YAP stable cells also differentiated into myotubes better than C2C12-vector cells, and expressed elevated levels of myogenin, a transcription factor that regulates myogenesis, as well as elevated levels of myosin heavy chain, a skeletal muscle marker. Western blot analysis revealed that Src and c-Abl (Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1) activation were enhanced in C2C12-YAP cells. Conversely, treatment of inhibitors of c-Abl, Src, or MEK5 inhibited activation of MEK5 and ERK5 and myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts. Specific interactions between YAP and proteins in the ERK5 pathway, such as MEK kinase 3 (MEKK3) and ERK5, were illustrated by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. MEKK3 contains the PPGY motif (aa 178-181), which may interact with YAP. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that expression of MEKK3 Y181F mutant inhibited MEK5/ERK5 activation and myogenic differentiation. These results suggest that YAP promotes muscle differentiation by activating the Abl/Src/MEKK3/MEK5/ERK5 kinase cascade.-Chen, T.-H., Chen, C.-Y., Wen, H.-C., Chang, C.-C., Wang, H.-D., Chuu, C.-P., Chang, C.-H. YAP promotes myogenic differentiation via the MEK5-ERK5 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Huan Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, China.,Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, China
| | - Chen-Yu Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, China
| | - Hui-Chin Wen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, China
| | - Chia-Chu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, China
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, China
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, China;
| | - Chung-Ho Chang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, China; .,Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, China
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35
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Yi X, Tao Y, Lin X, Dai Y, Yang T, Yue X, Jiang X, Li X, Jiang DS, Andrade KC, Chang J. Histone methyltransferase Setd2 is critical for the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2017; 1864:697-707. [PMID: 28130125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation are tightly regulated. Epigenetic regulation is a major component of the regulatory mechanism governing these processes. Histone modification is part of the epigenetic code used for transcriptional regulation of chromatin through the establishment of an active or repressive state for genes involved in myogenesis in a temporal manner. Here, we uncovered the function of SET domain containing 2 (Setd2), an essential histone 3 lysine 36 trimethyltransferase, in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. Setd2 was silenced in the skeletal muscle myoblast cell line, C2C12, using the CRISPR/CAS9 system. The mutant cells exhibited defect in myotube formation. The myotube formation marker, myosin heavy chain (MHC), was downregulated earlier in Setd2 silenced cells compared to wild-type myoblasts during differentiation. The deficiency in Setd2 also resulted in repression of Myogenin (MyoG) expression, a key myogenic regulator during differentiation. In addition to the myoblast differentiation defect, decreased proliferation rate with significantly reduced levels of histone 3 phosphorylation, indicative of cell proliferation defect, were observed in the Setd2 silenced cells; suggesting an impaired proliferation phenotype. Furthermore, compromised G1/S- and G2/M-phase transition and decreased expression levels of major regulators of cell cycle G1/S checkpoints, cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclin E2 were detected in Setd2 silenced cells. Consistent with the cell cycle arrested phenotype, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 was upregulated in Setd2 silenced cells. Together, this study demonstrates an essential role of Setd2 in myoblast proliferation and differentiation, and uncovers Setd2-mediated molecular mechanism through regulating MyoG and p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China; Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ye Tao
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tingli Yang
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaojing Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kelsey C Andrade
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiang Chang
- Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Xu H, Zhang J, Lei Y, Han Z, Rong D, Yu Q, Zhao M, Tian J. Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes C2C12 myoblasts proliferation via activation of MAPK/ERK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:97-102. [PMID: 27629357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been shown to affect the activity of various cell types and promote them proliferation. However, its effect on skeletal muscle cells remains to be determined. In our study, we confirmed that PEMF (100 Hz, 1 mT) could promote C2C12 myoblasts proliferation by using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, yet hardly any distinction was found in the rate of cell apoptosis between PEMF and control groups by flow cytometry (Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining method). To further study the mechanism of action of PEMF, Western blot was utilized to detect the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. After exposing C2C12 myoblasts to PEMF, we found the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was significantly increased, while p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways were not affected. Pretreating the cells with the ERK kinase1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 obviously inhibited the proliferation of C2C12 cells. Taken together, our research for the first time demonstrated that PEMF promoted C2C12 myoblasts proliferation via activating MAPK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yutian Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Dongming Rong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Baiyun, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Haizhu, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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Hauff K, Zambarda C, Dietrich M, Halbig M, Grab AL, Medda R, Cavalcanti-Adam EA. Matrix-Immobilized BMP-2 on Microcontact Printed Fibronectin as an in vitro Tool to Study BMP-Mediated Signaling and Cell Migration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:62. [PMID: 26029690 PMCID: PMC4426815 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, growth factors (GFs) such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) exert important functions in several tissues by regulating signaling for cell differentiation and migration. In vivo, the extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides support for adherent cells, but also acts as reservoir of GFs. Several constituents of the ECM provide adhesive cues, which serve as binding sites for cell trans-membrane receptors, such as integrins. In conveying adhesion-mediated signaling to the intracellular compartment, integrins do not function alone but rather crosstalk and cooperate with other receptors, such as GF receptors. Here, we present a strategy for the immobilization of BMP-2 onto cellular fibronectin (cFN), a key protein of the ECM, to investigate GF-mediated signaling and migration. Following biotinylation, BMP-2 was linked to biotinylated cFN using NeutrAvidin as cross-linker. Characterization with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the efficient immobilization of BMP-2 on cFN over a period of 24 h. To validate the bioactivity of matrix-immobilized BMP-2 (iBMP-2), we investigated short- and long-term responses of C2C12 myoblasts, which are an established in vitro model for BMP-2 signaling, in comparison to soluble BMP-2 (sBMP-2) or in absence of GFs. Similarly to sBMP-2, iBMP-2 triggered Smad 1/5 phosphorylation and translocation of the complex to the nucleus, corresponding to the activation of BMP-mediated Smad-dependent pathway. Additionally, successful suppression of myotube formation was observed after 6 days in sBMP-2 and iBMP-2. We next implemented this approach in the fabrication of cFN micropatterned stripes by soft lithography. These stripes allowed cell-surface interaction only on the patterned cFN, since the surface in between was passivated, thus serving as platform for studies on directed cell migration. During a 10-h observation time, the migratory behavior, especially the cells' net displacement, was increased in presence of BMP-2. As such, this versatile tool retains the bioactivity of GFs and allows the presentation of ECM adhesive cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Hauff
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Applied Chemistry, University of Reutlingen , Reutlingen , Germany
| | - Chiara Zambarda
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Miriam Dietrich
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Maria Halbig
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Anna Luise Grab
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Rebecca Medda
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Stuttgart , Germany
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Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Luo M, Wu Q, Yu L, Chu H. Transcriptional upregulation centra of HO-1 by EGB via the MAPKs/Nrf2 pathway in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 29:380-8. [PMID: 25449124 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long-term abuse of alcohol results in chronic alcoholic myopathy which is associated with increased oxidative stress. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGB) is widely used as a therapeutic agent to treat certain cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Although EGB is known to possess antioxidant functions and potent cytoprotective effects, its protective mechanism on alcohol-induced oxidative damage in C2C12 myoblasts remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the cytoprotective mechanisms of EGB against alcohol-derived oxidative stress in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Challenge with alcohol (100mM) caused an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species in mouse C2C12 myoblasts, which was not alleviated by treatment with EGB. These results indicate that EGB does not seem to act as an ROS scavenger in this experimental model. Additionally, EGB produced activation of ERK and JNK [two major mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)], an increase in the nuclear level of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, a stress-responsive protein with antioxidant function). Pretreatment with inhibitors of MAPKs PD98059 (a specific inhibitor of ERK), SP600125 (a specific inhibitor of JNK) abolished both EGB-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 up-regulation. We conclude that EGB confers cytoprotective effects from oxidative stress induced by alcohol in mouse C2C12 myoblasts depend on transcriptional upregulation of HO-1 by EGB via the MAPKs/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meiling Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lijun Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Colleges of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Haiying Chu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Colleges of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China.
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Czifra G, Szöllősi A, Nagy Z, Boros M, Juhász I, Kiss A, Erdődi F, Szabó T, Kovács I, Török M, Kovács L, Blumberg PM, Bíró T. Protein kinase Cδ promotes proliferation and induces malignant transformation in skeletal muscle. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 19:396-407. [PMID: 25283340 PMCID: PMC4407591 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the isoform-specific roles of certain protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth. Here, we provide the first intriguing functional evidence that nPKCδ (originally described as an inhibitor of proliferation in various cells types) is a key player in promoting both in vitro and in vivo skeletal muscle growth. Recombinant overexpression of a constitutively active nPKCδ in C2C12 myoblast increased proliferation and inhibited differentiation. Conversely, overexpression of kinase-negative mutant of nPKCδ (DN-nPKCδ) markedly inhibited cell growth. Moreover, overexpression of nPKCδ also stimulated in vivo tumour growth and induced malignant transformation in immunodeficient (SCID) mice whereas that of DN-nPKCδ suppressed tumour formation. The role of nPKCδ in the formation of rhabdomyosarcoma was also investigated where recombinant overexpression of nPKCδ in human rhabdomyosarcoma RD cells also increased cell proliferation and enhanced tumour formation in mouse xenografts. The other isoforms investigated (PKCα, β, ε) exerted only minor (mostly growth-inhibitory) effects in skeletal muscle cells. Collectively, our data introduce nPKCδ as a novel growth-promoting molecule in skeletal muscles and invite further trials to exploit its therapeutic potential in the treatment of skeletal muscle malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Czifra
- DE-MTA "Lendület" Cellular Physiology Research Group, Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Debrecen, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
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Kim J, Carlson ME, Watkins BA. Docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide improves glucose uptake and alters endocannabinoid system gene expression in proliferating and differentiating C2C12 myoblasts. Front Physiol 2014; 5:100. [PMID: 24711795 PMCID: PMC3968752 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a major storage site for glycogen and a focus for understanding insulin resistance and type-2-diabetes. New evidence indicates that overactivation of the peripheral endocannabinoid system (ECS) in skeletal muscle diminishes insulin sensitivity. Specific n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are precursors for the biosynthesis of ligands that bind to and activate the cannabinoid receptors. The function of the ECS and action of PUFA in skeletal muscle glucose uptake was investigated in proliferating and differentiated C2C12 myoblasts treated with either 25 μM of arachidonate (AA) or docosahexaenoate (DHA), 25 μM of EC [anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA)], 1 μM of CB1 antagonist NESS0327, and CB2 inverse agonist AM630. Compared to the BSA vehicle control cell cultures in both proliferating and differentiated myoblasts those treated with DHEA, the EC derived from the n-3 PUFA DHA, had higher 24 h glucose uptake, while AEA and 2-AG, the EC derived from the n-6 PUFA AA, had lower basal glucose uptake. Adenylyl cyclase mRNA was higher in myoblasts treated with DHA in both proliferating and differentiated states while those treated with AEA or 2-AG were lower compared to the control cell cultures. Western blot and qPCR analysis showed higher expression of the cannabinoid receptors in differentiated myoblasts treated with DHA while the opposite was observed with AA. These findings indicate a compensatory effect of DHA and DHEA compared to AA-derived ligands on the ECS and associated ECS gene expression and higher glucose uptake in myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Kim
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Morgan E Carlson
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Bruce A Watkins
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington, CT, USA
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Abstract
Cell patches are widely used for healing injuries on the surfaces or interfaces of tissues such as those of epidermis and myocardium. Here we report a novel type of porous scaffolds made of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) for fabricating cell patches. The scaffolds have a single layer of spherical pores arranged in a unique hexagonal pattern and are therefore referred to as "scaffolds with a hexagonal array of interconnected pores (SHAIPs)". SHAIPs contain both uniform pores and interconnecting windows that can facilitate the exchange of biomacromolecules, ensure homogeneous cell seeding, and promote cell migration. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we have created skeletal muscle patches with a thickness of approximately 150 μm using SHAIPs. The myoblasts seeded in the scaffolds maintained high viability and were able to differentiate into multi-nucleated myotubes. Moreover, neovasculature could efficiently develop into the patches upon subcutaneous implantation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shrike Zhang
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Lihong V Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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Cencetti F, Bernacchioni C, Tonelli F, Roberts E, Donati C, Bruni P. TGFβ1 evokes myoblast apoptotic response via a novel signaling pathway involving S1P4 transactivation upstream of Rho-kinase-2 activation. FASEB J 2013; 27:4532-46. [PMID: 23913862 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-228528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In view of its multiple detrimental effects, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is recognized as critical negative regulator of skeletal muscle repair. Apoptosis of skeletal muscle precursor cells driven by TGFβ1 contributes to the negative role exerted by the cytokine in tissue repair, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Herein we report the identification of a new signaling pathway, relying on Rho kinase-2 stimulation, subsequent to SMAD-dependent S1P4 up-regulation and transactivation via sphingosine kinase (SK)-2, that accounts for TGFβ1-induced apoptosis in cultured myoblasts. S1P4-specific gene silencing reduced by almost 50% activation of caspase-3 and poly-ADP ribosyl transferase cleavage elicited by TGFβ1. Moreover, the selective S1P4 antagonist CYM50358 also reduced the TGFβ1 proapoptotic effects. By employing pharmacological and molecular biological approaches, the involvement of SK2 and ROCK2 in the transmission of the TGFβ1 apoptotic action was also demonstrated. These results reinforce the notion that the SK/S1P axis plays a fundamental role in TGFβ1 mode of action in skeletal muscle cells and, by disclosing a novel mechanism by which TGFβ1 exerts its harmful action, pinpoint new molecular targets that in principle could be beneficial in the treatment of several skeletal muscle disorders or aging-dependent muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cencetti
- 2Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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43
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Nosi D, Mercatelli R, Chellini F, Soria S, Pini A, Formigli L, Quercioli F. A molecular imaging analysis of Cx43 association with Cdo during skeletal myoblast differentiation. J Biophotonics 2013; 6:612-621. [PMID: 22930637 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell contacts are crucial for cell differentiation. The promyogenic cell surface protein, Cdo, functions as a component of multiprotein clusters to mediate cell adhesion signaling. Connexin 43, the main connexin forming gap junctions, also plays a key role in myogenesis. At least part of its effects is independent of the intercellular channel function, but the mechanisms underlying are unknown. Here, using multiple optical approaches, we provided the first evidence that Cx43 physically interacts with Cdo to form dynamic complexes during myoblast differentiation, offering clues for considering this interaction a structural basis of the channel-independent function of Cx43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Nosi
- Dipartimento di Anatomia, Istologia e Medicina Legale, Università di Firenze, Largo Brambilla 3 - Firenze, Italy
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