101
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Shi T, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Yang Z, He W, Liu C, Fang Z, Guo K. Two-step continuous flow synthesis of amide via oxidative amidation of methylarene. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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102
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Monga A, Bagchi S, Soni RK, Sharma A. Synthesis of Benzothiazoles
via
Photooxidative Decarboxylation of α‐Keto Acids. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Monga
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Sourav Bagchi
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Raj Kumar Soni
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Anuj Sharma
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
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103
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Recent advances in catalyst-free photochemical reactions via electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) complex process. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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104
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang QL, Chen P, Xie J, Xiong BQ, Zhang PL, Tang KW. Visible Light-Catalyzed Cascade Radical Cyclization of N-Propargylindoles with Acyl Chlorides for the Synthesis of 2-Acyl-9H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2385-2394. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Qiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Pan-Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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105
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Pan GA, Li Y, Li JH. Metal-free decarboxylative annulation of N-arylacrylamides with vinyl acids to synthesize benzo[b]azepin-2-ones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00651c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient oxidative decarbonylative (3 + 2)/(5 + 2) annulation of N-arylacrylamides with vinyl acids for the synthesis of diverse seven-membered N-heterocycles under metal-free conditions has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Ang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
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106
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Zhang H, Xiao Q, Qi XK, Gao XW, Tong QX, Zhong JJ. Selective photoredox decarboxylation of α-ketoacids to allylic ketones and 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds dependent on cobaloxime catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12530-12533. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05580h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The selective synthesis of allylic ketones and 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds by photoredox/cobaloxime co-catalysis and photoredox catalysis, respectively, is described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province
- Guangdong 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province
- Guangdong 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Xu-Kuan Qi
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province
- Guangdong 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Xue-Wang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Xiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province
- Guangdong 515063
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ji Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province
- Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Guangdong Province
- Guangdong 515063
- P. R. China
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107
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Mei Y, Liu J, Wang L, Li P. Synthesis of substituted 2-alkylquinolines by visible-light photoredox catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:86-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of substituted 2-alkylquinoline scaffolds was developed by employing visible-light photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousheng Mei
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications
- Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications
- Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications
- Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications
- Ministry of Education; Department of chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
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108
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Su Y, Zhang R, Xue W, Liu X, Zhao Y, Wang KH, Huang D, Huo C, Hu Y. Visible-light-promoted acyl radical cascade reaction for accessing acylated isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1940-1948. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00086h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted radical acylation/cyclization cascade reaction of N-methacryloylbenzamides with α-keto acids was developed to construct acylated isoquinoline-dione derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpeng Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Ke-Hu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Congde Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
| | - Yulai Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
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109
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Bao P, Liu F, Lv Y, Yue H, Li JS, Wei W. Visible-light-promoted acridine red catalyzed aerobic oxidative decarboxylative acylation of α-oxo-carboxylic acids with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01334b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-mediated procedure has been developed for the synthesis of 3-acyl quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones through acridine red catalyzed decarboxylative acylation of α-oxo-carboxylic acids with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, Shandong
- China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, Shandong
- China
| | - Yufen Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, Shandong
- China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qinghai 810008
- China
| | - Jiang-Sheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha
- China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165, Shandong
- China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
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110
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Yang Z, Zhou L, Liu Y, Lu H, Wu F, Xie Y, Liu J. Base‐Promoted Metal‐Free Arylation of Benzoxazoles with Phenylglyoxylic Acids. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yang
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Lu
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Fengxuan Wu
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
| | - Jianle Liu
- School of Chemical EngineeringGuizhou Institute of Technology Guizhou Province Guiyang 550003 P. R. China
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111
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Patel SB, Vasava DV. Synthesis and Characterization of Ag@g−C
3
N
4
and Its Photocatalytic Evolution in Visible Light Driven Synthesis Of Ynone. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil B. Patel
- School of Sciences Department of chemistryGujarat University Navrangpura Ahmedabad- 380009 India
| | - Dilip V. Vasava
- School of Sciences Department of chemistryGujarat University Navrangpura Ahmedabad- 380009 India
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112
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Mittmann E, Gallus S, Bitterwolf P, Oelschlaeger C, Willenbacher N, Niemeyer CM, Rabe KS. A Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase-Based All-Enzyme Hydrogel for Flow Reactor Technology. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E795. [PMID: 31757029 PMCID: PMC6953023 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carrier-free enzyme immobilization techniques are an important development in the field of efficient and streamlined continuous synthetic processes using microreactors. Here, the use of monolithic, self-assembling all-enzyme hydrogels is expanded to phenolic acid decarboxylases. This provides access to the continuous flow production of p-hydroxystyrene from p-coumaric acid for more than 10 h with conversions ≥98% and space time yields of 57.7 g·(d·L)-1. Furthermore, modulation of the degree of crosslinking in the hydrogels resulted in a defined variation of the rheological behavior in terms of elasticity and mesh size of the corresponding materials. This work is addressing the demand of sustainable strategies for defunctionalization of renewable feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mittmann
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (E.M.); (S.G.); (P.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Sabrina Gallus
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (E.M.); (S.G.); (P.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Patrick Bitterwolf
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (E.M.); (S.G.); (P.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Claude Oelschlaeger
- Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (C.O.); (N.W.)
| | - Norbert Willenbacher
- Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (C.O.); (N.W.)
| | - Christof M. Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (E.M.); (S.G.); (P.B.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Kersten S. Rabe
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany; (E.M.); (S.G.); (P.B.); (C.M.N.)
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113
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Nanjo T, Kato N, Zhang X, Takemoto Y. A Hydroperoxide-Mediated Decarboxylation of α-Ketoacids Enables the Chemoselective Acylation of Amines. Chemistry 2019; 25:15504-15507. [PMID: 31631416 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for the formation of amide bonds, that is, one of the most basic and important transformations in organic synthesis, have so far focused predominantly on dehydration reactions. Herein, we report and demonstrate the practical utility of a novel decarboxylative amidation of α-ketoacids by using inexpensive tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), which is characterized by high yields, a broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and a unique chemoselectivity. These features enable the synthesis of peptides from amino acid derived α-ketoacids under preservation of the stereochemical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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114
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Chen Z, Lu F, Yuan F, Sun J, Du L, Li Z, Gao M, Shi R, Lei A. Photocatalytic decarboxylative coupling between α-oxocarboxylicacids and alkenes. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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115
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Zhao QS, Xu GQ, Liang H, Wang ZY, Xu PF. Aroylchlorination of 1,6-Dienes via a Photoredox Catalytic Atom-Transfer Radical Cyclization Process. Org Lett 2019; 21:8615-8619. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhu-Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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116
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Xie S, Li D, Huang H, Zhang F, Chen Y. Intermolecular Radical Addition to Ketoacids Enabled by Boron Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16237-16242. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Defang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hanchu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fuyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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117
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Dandia A, Mahawar DK, Sharma R, Badgoti RS, Rathore KS, Parewa V. Graphene oxide‐catalyzed C
Sp3
–H activation of methylarenes in aqueous medium: A unified metal‐free access to amides and benzimidazoles. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mahawar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | - Ranveer Singh Badgoti
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rajasthan Jaipur India
| | | | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Rajasthan Jaipur India
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118
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Tian WF, Hu CH, He KH, He XY, Li Y. Visible-Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkylation of Heteroarenes Using Carboxylic Acids with Hydrogen Release. Org Lett 2019; 21:6930-6935. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Fa Tian
- Center for Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Hong Hu
- Center for Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Han He
- Center for Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ya He
- Center for Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Center for Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
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119
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Wang Y, Zou J, Wang H, Peng X, Lu Y, Feng Y, Chen C, Shi T, Wang Z. A Facile Approach to α‐Keto Esters via Oxidative Esterification of α‐Amino Carbonyl Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐qiang Wang
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jiao‐xia Zou
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hui‐hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ying‐mei Lu
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yi‐yue Feng
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Tao Shi
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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120
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Fan X, Lei T, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Photocatalytic C–C Bond Activation of Oxime Ester for Acyl Radical Generation and Application. Org Lett 2019; 21:4153-4158. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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121
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Zhang HH, Yu S. Visible-Light-Induced Radical Acylation of Imines with α-Ketoacids Enabled by Electron-Donor–Acceptor Complexes. Org Lett 2019; 21:3711-3715. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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122
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Manna S, Prabhu KR. Visible-Light-Mediated Direct Decarboxylative Acylation of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes Using α-Ketoacids. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5067-5077. [PMID: 30933509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acylation of electron-deficient heteroaromatic compounds has been developed using visible light. α-Ketoacids have been used as an efficient source of acyl radicals under photoredox conditions. The in situ generated acyl radicals from α-ketoacids have been coupled to a wide variety of electron-deficient heteroaromatic compounds in a Minisci type reaction. This method would be attractive to access biologically attractive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Manna
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , Karnataka , India
| | - Kandikere Ramaiah Prabhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , Karnataka , India
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123
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Penteado F, Lopes EF, Alves D, Perin G, Jacob RG, Lenardão EJ. α-Keto Acids: Acylating Agents in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7113-7278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Penteado
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eric F. Lopes
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel G. Jacob
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder J. Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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124
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Li J, Liu Z, Wu S, Chen Y. Acyl Radical Smiles Rearrangement To Construct Hydroxybenzophenones by Photoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:2077-2080. [PMID: 30888188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The first visible-light-induced acyl radical Smiles rearrangement to transform biaryl ethers to hydroxybenzophenones under mild and metal-free conditions is reported. Using the dual catalysis of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents and organophotocatalysts, ketoacids readily generate acyl radicals and undergo 1,5- ipso addition. This method can construct electron-deficient and electron-rich hydroxybenzophenones with excellent chemoselectivity and on gram scale. The performance of the reaction in neutral aqueous conditions holds potential for future biomolecule applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Yiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 China
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125
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Zhang J, Shan C, Zhang T, Song J, Liu T, Lan Y. Computational advances aiding mechanistic understanding of silver-catalyzed carbene/nitrene/silylene transfer reactions. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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126
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Xiong Q, Xu D, Shan C, Liu S, Luo Y, Liu F, Liu S, Lan Y, Bai R. Investigating the Mechanism of Palladium-Catalyzed Radical Oxidative C(sp3
)−H Carbonylation: A DFT Study. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:655-661. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Chunhui Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Song Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yixin Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Fenru Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Shihan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
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127
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Zhao JJ, Zhang HH, Shen X, Yu S. Enantioselective Radical Hydroacylation of Enals with α-Ketoacids Enabled by Photoredox/Amine Cocatalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:913-916. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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128
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Wei YL, Chen JQ, Sun B, Xu PF. Synthesis of indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives via visible-light-induced radical cascade cyclization reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5922-5925. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02388g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe a photocatalyzed transformation for the synthesis of the indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline core structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
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129
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Arshadi S, Ebrahimiasl S, Hosseinian A, Monfared A, Vessally E. Recent developments in decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions between carboxylic acids and N–H compounds. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8964-8976. [PMID: 35517670 PMCID: PMC9062143 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00929a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are ubiquitous compounds in organic chemistry, and are widely commercially available in a large structural variety. Recently, carboxylic acids have been frequently used as non-toxic and environmentally benign alternatives to traditional organohalide coupling partners in various carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom cross-coupling reactions. Along this line, several methods have been reported for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds through decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions between carboxylic acids and N–H compounds. This review focuses on recent advances and discoveries on these reactions with special attention on the mechanistic aspects of the reactions. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives are ubiquitous compounds in organic chemistry, and are widely commercially available in a large structural variety.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akram Hosseinian
- School of Engineering Science
- College of Engineering
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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130
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Banerjee A, Lei Z, Ngai MY. Acyl Radical Chemistry via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2019; 51:303-333. [PMID: 31057188 PMCID: PMC6497162 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Visible light photoredox catalysis has enabled easy access to acyl radicals under mild reaction conditions. Reactive acyl radicals, generated from various acyl precursors such as aldehydes, α-ketoacids, carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acyl thioesters, acyl chlorides, or acyl silanes, can undergo a diverse range of synthetically useful transformations, which were previously difficult or inaccessible. This review summarizes such recent progress of visible-light-driven acyl radical generation using transition metal photoredox catalysts, metallaphotocatalysts, hypervalent iodine catalysts or organic photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Ming-Yu Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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131
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Wei L, Wu C, Tung CH, Wang W, Xu Z. Decarboxylative sulfenylation of amino acids via metallaphotoredox catalysis. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00817a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A nickel/visible light photoredox co-catalyzed decarboxylative thiolation reaction of carboxylic acids has been developed. This odorless sulfenylation reaction proceeded well via a nickel/photoredox cooperative catalysis pathway under very mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Wei
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chengjuan Wu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| | - Zhenghu Xu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
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132
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Wang B, Li P, Miao T, Zou L, Wang L. Visible-light induced decarboxylative C2-alkylation of benzothiazoles with carboxylic acids under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:115-121. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02476f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A photoredox catalyzed C2-alkylation of benzothiazoles with carboxylic acids was developed by using an acridinium salt as a photocatalyst and air as an oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Miao
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Long Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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133
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Yang H, Tian C, Qiu D, Tian H, An G, Li G. Organic photoredox catalytic decarboxylative cross-coupling of gem-difluoroalkenes with unactivated carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00495e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first redox neutral decarboxylative alkylation of gem-difluoroalkenes via C–F bond activation enabled by organic photoredox catalysis has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui An
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080
- People's Republic of China
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134
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Yu W, Chen L, Tao J, Wang T, Fu J. Dual nickel- and photoredox-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of aryl vinyl halides and unactivated tertiary alkyl bromides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5918-5921. [PMID: 31045192 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00768g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel reductive cross-coupling of aryl vinyl halides and unactivated tertiary alkyl bromides has been realized via photoredox/nickel dual catalysis to produce vinyl arene derivatives bearing all-carbon quaternary centers with excellent E-selectivity. A stoichiometric metal reductant could be avoided by employing commercially available N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) as the terminal reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Yu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China.
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135
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Chen Y, Lu LQ, Yu DG, Zhu CJ, Xiao WJ. Visible light-driven organic photochemical synthesis in China. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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136
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Stache EE, Ertel AB, Rovis T, Doyle AG. Generation of Phosphoranyl Radicals via Photoredox Catalysis Enables Voltage-Independent Activation of Strong C-O Bonds. ACS Catal 2018; 8:11134-11139. [PMID: 31367474 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the prevalence of alcohols and carboxylic acids as functional groups in organic molecules and the potential to serve as radical precursors, C-O bonds remain difficult to activate. We report a synthetic strategy for direct access to both alkyl and acyl radicals from these ubiquitous functional groups via photoredox catalysis. This method exploits the unique reactivity of phosphoranyl radicals, generated from a polar/SET crossover between a phosphine radical cation and an oxygen-centered nucleophile. We show the desired reactivity in the reduction of benzylic alcohols to the corresponding benzyl radicals with terminal H atom trapping to afford the deoxygenated products. Using the same method, we demonstrate access to synthetically versatile acyl radicals, which enables the reduction of aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding aldehydes with exceptional chemoselectivity. This protocol also transforms carboxylic acids to heterocycles and cyclic ketones via intramolecular acyl radical cyclizations to forge C-O, C-N, and C-C bonds in a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Stache
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Lab, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alyssa B. Ertel
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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137
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Abenante L, Penteado F, Vieira MM, Perin G, Alves D, Lenardão EJ. Ultrasound-enhanced Ag-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling between α-keto acids and disulfides for the synthesis of thioesters. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 49:41-46. [PMID: 30060985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we described the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of thioesters via the Ag-catalyzed radical oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids, in the presence of disulfides. This protocol takes advantage of the sonication to prepare the title compounds in moderate to very good yields, in only 20 min of reaction. The positive effect of ultrasonic irradiation is attributed to both, the high mass transfer efficiency and to the induced radical formation in the reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abenante
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Filipe Penteado
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Vieira
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder J Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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138
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Zhang M, Yuan XA, Zhu C, Xie J. Deoxygenative Deuteration of Carboxylic Acids with D2
O. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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139
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Zhang M, Yuan XA, Zhu C, Xie J. Deoxygenative Deuteration of Carboxylic Acids with D 2 O. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:312-316. [PMID: 30352142 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report a general, practical, and scalable means of preparing deuterated aldehydes from aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids with D2 O as an inexpensive deuterium source. The use of Ph3 P as an O-atom transfer reagent can facilitate the deoxygenation of aromatic acids, while Ph2 POEt is a better O-atom transfer reagent for aliphatic acids. The highly precise deoxygenation of complex carboxylic acids makes this protocol promising for late-stage deoxygenative deuteration of natural product derivatives and pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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140
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Zhang X, Feng X, Zhou C, Yu X, Yamamoto Y, Bao M. Transition-Metal-Free Decarboxylative Arylation of 2-Picolinic Acids with Arenes under Air Conditions. Org Lett 2018; 20:7095-7099. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiujuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuancheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
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141
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Sultan S, Shah BA. Carbon‐Carbon and Carbon‐Heteroatom Bond Formation Reactions Using Unsaturated Carbon Compounds. CHEM REC 2018; 19:644-660. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Sultan
- Natural Product Chemistry Division and AcSIRCSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu- 180001
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Natural Product Chemistry Division and AcSIRCSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu- 180001
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142
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Nanjo T, Kato N, Takemoto Y. Oxidative Decarboxylation Enables Chemoselective, Racemization-Free Esterification: Coupling of α-Ketoacids and Alcohols Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine(III). Org Lett 2018; 20:5766-5769. [PMID: 30168722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An α-ketoacid could be converted into a reactive acylating agent by treatment with hypervalent iodine(III) species, and in so doing, we discovered a novel decarboxylative acylation of alcohols that affords a variety of esters in excellent yields. The esterification has been applied to a sterol bearing a free carboxylic acid and shows unique chemoselectivity. The procedure is racemization-free and operates under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Natsuki Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
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143
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144
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Laha JK, Patel KV, Tummalapalli KSS, Hunjan MK. Palladium-Catalyzed Serendipitous Synthesis of Arylglyoxylic Amides from Arylglyoxylates and N, N-Dialkylamides in the Presence of Halopyridines. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:8787-8793. [PMID: 31459011 PMCID: PMC6645305 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of arylglyoxylic amides by the reaction of arylglyoxylates and N,N-dialkylamides in the presence of a 2,3-dihalopyridine has been realized for the first time. An anticipated 2,3-diaroylpyridine did not form in this reaction. The current study unveils an unprecedented role of 2,3-dihalopyridine toward this amidation. Our mechanistic study reveals that the arylglyoxylate could react with halopyridine to form a traceless activated pyridyl ester of arylglyoxylic acid, which upon subsequent reaction with amino surrogate, N,N-dialkylamides could form the arylglyoxylic amides.
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145
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A general deoxygenation approach for synthesis of ketones from aromatic carboxylic acids and alkenes. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3517. [PMID: 30158628 PMCID: PMC6115474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of an aryl ketone structural unit by means of catalytic carbon–carbon coupling reactions represents the state-of-the-art in organic chemistry. Herein we achieved the direct deoxygenative ketone synthesis in aqueous solution from readily available aromatic carboxylic acids and alkenes, affording structurally diverse ketones in moderate to good yields. Visible-light photoredox catalysis enables the direct deoxygenation of acids as acyl sources with triphenylphosphine and represents a distinct perspective on activation. The synthetic robustness is supported by the late-stage modification of several pharmaceutical compounds and complex molecules. This ketone synthetic strategy is further applied to the synthesis of the drug zolpidem in three steps with 50% total yield and a concise construction of cyclophane-braced 18–20 membered macrocycloketones. It represents not only the advancement for the streamlined synthesis of aromatic ketones from feedstock chemicals, but also a photoredox radical activation mode beyond the redox potential of carboxylic acids. Synthesis of aryl ketones can be generally achieved via C–C coupling strategies. Here, the authors show a deoxygenative coupling of carboxylic acids and alkenes enabled by photoredox catalysis and report a wide scope of products, including bioactive and macrocyclic ketones.
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146
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Schwarz J. Photocatalytic decarboxylations. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
During the last years, the field of photocatalytic decarboxylations has emerged rapidly. Carboxylic acids are inexpensive, non-toxic and renewable starting materials for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals or platform chemicals. The traceless extrusion of CO2 gives radical intermediates, which react in diverse cross-coupling reactions. Merging photocatalysis with metal catalysis enables even broader substrate scopes or enantioselective reactions. An overview of photocatalytic decarboxylative reactions of different classes of carboxylic acids is given within this chapter.
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147
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Wang CS, Dixneuf PH, Soulé JF. Photoredox Catalysis for Building C-C Bonds from C(sp 2)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7532-7585. [PMID: 30011194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalizations have been the focus of intensive research over the last decades for the formation of C-C bonds from unfunctionalized arenes, heteroarenes, alkenes. These direct transformations provide new approaches in synthesis with high atom- and step-economy compared to the traditional catalytic cross-coupling reactions. However, such methods still suffer from several limitations including functional group tolerance and the lack of regioselectivity. In addition, they often require harsh reaction conditions and some of them need the use of strong oxidant, in a stoichiometric amount, avoiding these processes to be truly eco-friendly. The use of photoredox catalysis has contributed to a significant expansion of the scope of C(sp2)-H bond functionalizations which include the direct arylations, (perfluoro)alkylations, acylations, and even cyanations. Most of these transformations involve the photochemical induced generation of a radical followed by its regioselective addition to arenes, heteroarenes, or alkenes, leading to the building of a new C(sp2)-C bond. The use of photoredox catalysis plays crucial roles in these reactions promoting electron transfer, enabling the generation of radical species and single electron either oxidation or reduction. Such reactions operating at room temperature allow the building of C-C bonds with high chemo-, regio-, or stereoselectivity. This review surveys the formation of C(sp2)-C bonds initiated by photoredox catalysis which involves a C(sp2)-H bond functionalization step, describes the advantages compared to traditional C(sp2)-H bond functionalizations, and presents mechanistic insights into the role played by the photoredox catalysts.
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148
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Zhang T, Wang NX, Xing Y. Advances in Decarboxylative Oxidative Coupling Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7559-7565. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Nai-Xing Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yalan Xing
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, New Jersey 07470, United States
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149
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Huang W, Byun J, Rörich I, Ramanan C, Blom PWM, Lu H, Wang D, Caire da Silva L, Li R, Wang L, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Asymmetric Covalent Triazine Framework for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis via Energy Transfer Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8316-8320. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Jeehye Byun
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Irina Rörich
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Hao Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Di Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | - Run Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Lei Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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150
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Huang W, Byun J, Rörich I, Ramanan C, Blom PWM, Lu H, Wang D, Caire da Silva L, Li R, Wang L, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Ein asymmetrisches kovalentes Triazin‐Netzwerk für effiziente Photoredox‐Katalyse durch Energietransfer‐Kaskaden unter sichtbarem Licht. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Jeehye Byun
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Irina Rörich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Paul W. M. Blom
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Hao Lu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Di Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Lucas Caire da Silva
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Run Li
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Lei Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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