101
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Lian Y, Bergman RG, Lavis LD, Ellman JA. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed indazole synthesis by C-H bond functionalization and cyclative capture. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:7122-5. [PMID: 23642256 PMCID: PMC3656829 DOI: 10.1021/ja402761p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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An efficient, one-step, and highly
functional group-compatible
synthesis of substituted N-aryl-2H-indazoles is reported via the rhodium(III)-catalyzed C–H
bond addition of azobenzenes to aldehydes. The regioselective coupling
of unsymmetrical azobenzenes was further demonstrated and led to the
development of a new removable aryl group that allows for the preparation
of indazoles without N-substitution. The 2-aryl-2H-indazole products also represent a new class of readily
prepared fluorophores for which initial spectroscopic characterization
has been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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102
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Regioselective cyclometallation of 4-R-1-naphthaldehyde benzoylhydrazones: Palladium(II) complexes with CNO pincer like ligands. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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103
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Shi Z, Grohmann C, Glorius F. Mild rhodium(III)-catalyzed cyclization of amides with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones to azepinones: application to the synthesis of the homoprotoberberine framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5393-7. [PMID: 23592552 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhi Shi
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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104
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Shi Z, Grohmann C, Glorius F. Milde Rhodium(III)-katalysierte Cyclisierung von Amiden mit α,β-ungesättigten Aldehyden und Ketonen zu Azepinonen: Anwendung in der Synthese des Homoprotoberberin-Gerüsts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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105
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Hyster TK, Ruhl KE, Rovis T. A coupling of benzamides and donor/acceptor diazo compounds to form γ-lactams via Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5364-7. [PMID: 23548055 PMCID: PMC3658175 DOI: 10.1021/ja402274g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of O-pivaloyl benzhydroxamic acids with donor/acceptor diazo compounds provides isoindolones in high yield. The reaction tolerates a broad range of benzhydroxamic acids and diazo compounds, including substituted 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethanes. Mechanistic experiments suggested that C-H activation is turnover-limiting and irreversible and that insertion of the diazo compound favors electron-deficient substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd K. Hyster
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Kyle E. Ruhl
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
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106
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Hou W, Zhou B, Yang Y, Feng H, Li Y. Rh(III)-catalyzed addition of alkenyl C-H bond to isocyanates and intramolecular cyclization: direct synthesis 5-ylidenepyrrol-2(5H)-ones. Org Lett 2013; 15:1814-7. [PMID: 23560588 DOI: 10.1021/ol4003674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rhodium-catalyzed addition of an alkenyl C-H bond to isocyanates via sp(2) C-H bond activation followed by an intramolecular cyclization is described. This atom-economic and catalytic reaction affords a simple and straightforward access to biologically relevant 5-ylidene pyrrol-2(5H)-ones and can be carried out under mild and neutral conditions in the absence of any additives and environmentally hazardous waste production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhang Jiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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107
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Zhu TH, Wang SY, Wang GN, Ji SJ. Cobalt-Catalyzed Oxidative Isocyanide Insertion to Amine-Based Bisnucleophiles: Diverse Synthesis of Substituted 2-Aminobenzimidazoles, 2-Aminobenzothiazoles, and 2-Aminobenzoxazoles. Chemistry 2013; 19:5850-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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108
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Zhou B, Hou W, Yang Y, Li Y. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Amidation of Aryl KetoneO-Methyl Oximes with Isocyanates by CH Activation: Convergent Synthesis of 3-Methyleneisoindolin-1-ones. Chemistry 2013; 19:4701-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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109
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Tang T, Fei XD, Ge ZY, Chen Z, Zhu YM, Ji SJ. Palladium-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira coupling of aryl bromides via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3170-5. [PMID: 23438012 DOI: 10.1021/jo4001096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient palladium-catalyzed carbonylative Sonogashira coupling via tert-butyl isocyanide insertion has been developed, which demonstrates the utility of isocyanides in intermolecular C-C bond construction. This methodology provides a novel pathway for the synthesis of alkynyl imines which can undergo simple silica gel catalyzed hydrolysis to afford alkynones. The approach is tolerant of a wide range of substrates and applicable to library synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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110
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Zhou B, Yang Y, Lin S, Li Y. Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct Addition of Indoles toN-Sulfonylaldimines. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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111
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Yoshino T, Ikemoto H, Matsunaga S, Kanai M. A Cationic High-Valent Cp*CoIIIComplex for the Catalytic Generation of Nucleophilic Organometallic Species: Directed CH Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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112
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Yoshino T, Ikemoto H, Matsunaga S, Kanai M. A Cationic High-Valent Cp*CoIIIComplex for the Catalytic Generation of Nucleophilic Organometallic Species: Directed CH Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2207-11. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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113
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Lian Y, Huber T, Hesp KD, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed alkenyl C-H bond functionalization: convergent synthesis of furans and pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:629-33. [PMID: 23172703 PMCID: PMC3770945 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ring in the new: a new annulation for the efficient synthesis of substituted furans and pyrroles is reported. The Rh(III) -catalyzed reaction of O-methyl α,β-unsaturated oximes with aldehydes and N-tosyl imines affords secondary alcohol and amine intermediates, respectively. Cyclization and aromatization occurs under the reaction conditions to provide access to biologically relevant furans and pyrroles in good yields. Cp*=C(5)Me(5), DCE=1,2-dichloroethane, THF=tetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Tatjana Huber
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Kevin D. Hesp
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1416 (USA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Jonathan A. Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
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114
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Zhang L, Xu X, Shao QR, Pan L, Liu Q. Tandem Michael addition/isocyanide insertion into the C–C bond: a novel access to 2-acylpyrroles and medium-ring fused pyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:7393-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41793j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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115
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Cui S, Zhang Y, Wang D, Wu Q. Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation/[4 + 3] cycloaddition of benzamides and vinylcarbenoids: facile synthesis of azepinones. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51777b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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116
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Qiu G, Lu Y, Wu J. A concise synthesis of 4-imino-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-ylphosphonates via a palladium-catalyzed reaction of carbodiimide, isocyanide, and phosphite. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:798-802. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26979a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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117
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118
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Lian Y, Huber T, Hesp KD, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Alkenyl CH Bond Functionalization: Convergent Synthesis of Furans and Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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119
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Yang Y, Zhou B, Li Y. Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidativeortho-Acylation of Aryl KetoneO-Methyl Oximes with Aryl and Alkyl Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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120
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Karthikeyan J, Haridharan R, Cheng CH. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative C-H coupling of N-methoxybenzamides with aryl boronic acids: one-pot synthesis of phenanthridinones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12343-7. [PMID: 23109275 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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121
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Karthikeyan J, Haridharan R, Cheng CH. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative CH Coupling ofN-Methoxybenzamides with Aryl Boronic Acids: One-Pot Synthesis of Phenanthridinones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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122
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Pham MV, Ye B, Cramer N. Access to Sultams by Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Directed CH Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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123
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Pham MV, Ye B, Cramer N. Access to sultams by rhodium(III)-catalyzed directed C-H activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10610-4. [PMID: 23002028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Director's cut: The pharmaceutically relevant sulfonamide group is shown to be a competent directing group for [Cp*Rh(OAc)(2)]-catalyzed C-H functionalizations. Reactions of the cyclometalated intermediate with internal alkynes provide access to a wide range of sultam derivatives. The reaction is high yielding and works best under aerobic conditions with catalytic amounts of CuOAc as an oxidation mediator. Cp* = C(5)Me(5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh V Pham
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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124
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Zhu C, Falck JR. Rhodium catalyzed synthesis of isoindolinones via C-H activation of N-benzoylsulfonamides. Tetrahedron 2012; 68:9192-9199. [PMID: 23087489 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient approach to a wide range of isoindolinones, including 3-monosubstituted and 3,3-disubstituted isoindolinones, from the annulation of N-benzoylsulfonamides with olefins and diazoacetate has been developed. The transformation is broadly compatible with both terminal and internal olefins. Moreover, diazoacetate is for the first time incorporated into an amide-directed C-H functionalization reaction. Specifically, the rhodium complex [{RhCl(2)Cp*}(2)] enables the in situ dimerization of diazoacetate in addition to its role in catalyzing C-H functionalization/cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA
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125
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Peng J, Zhao J, Hu Z, Liang D, Huang J, Zhu Q. Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp2)–H Cyanation Using Tertiary Amine Derived Isocyanide as a Cyano Source. Org Lett 2012; 14:4966-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302372p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jiaji Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Ziwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Dongdong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jinbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou 510530, China
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126
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Xu S, Huang X, Hong X, Xu B. Palladium-Assisted Regioselective C–H Cyanation of Heteroarenes Using Isonitrile as Cyanide Source. Org Lett 2012; 14:4614-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302070t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaohu Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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127
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Liu B, Li Y, Jiang H, Yin M, Huang H. Palladium-Catalyzed CC Coupling of Aryl Halides with Isocyanides: An Alternative Method for the Stereoselective Synthesis of (3E)-(Imino)isoindolin-1-ones and (3E)-(Imino)thiaisoindoline 1,1-Dioxides. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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128
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Lian Y, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed synthesis of phthalides by cascade addition and cyclization of benzimidates with aldehydes. Chem Sci 2012; 3:3088-3092. [PMID: 23050074 DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20835k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report the Rh(iii)-catalyzed C-H bond activation and addition of benzimidates to aldehydes to afford biologically important phthalides in a single step. The imidate is a novel and unexplored directing group that not only enables C-H bond activation and addition to aldehydes, but also serves to capture the reversibly formed alcohol intermediate. The reaction shows broad scope with a high level of functional group compatibility and is applicable to both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, Connecticut, 06520, USA. ; Tel: +1-203-432-2647
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129
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Wang Y, Zhu Q. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Cycloamidination via C(sp2)H Activation and Isocyanide Insertion. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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130
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Hesp KD, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of branched amines by direct addition of benzamides to imines. Org Lett 2012; 14:2304-7. [PMID: 22500854 DOI: 10.1021/ol300723x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed addition of benzamide C-H bonds to a range of aromatic N-sulfonyl aldimines has been developed and proceeds with high functional group compatibility. The synthetic utility of the resulting branched amine products has also been demonstrated by the preparation of isoindoline and isoindolinone frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Hesp
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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131
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Zhu C, Wang R, Falck JR. Amide-directed tandem C-C/C-N bond formation through C-H activation. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1502-14. [PMID: 22492555 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The transformation of C-H bonds into other chemical bonds is of great significance in synthetic chemistry. C-H bond-activation processes provide a straightforward and atom-economic strategy for the construction of complex structures; as such, they have attracted widespread interest over the past decade. As a prevalent directing group in the field of C-H activation, the amide group not only offers excellent regiodirecting ability, but is also a potential C-N bond precursor. As a consequence, a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocycles have been obtained by using these reactions. This Focus Review addresses the recent research into the amide-directed tandem C-C/C-N bond-formation process through C-H activation. The large body of research in this field over the past three years has established it as one of the most-important topics in organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.
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132
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Péron F, Fossey C, Cailly T, Fabis F. N-Tosylcarboxamide as a Transformable Directing Group for Pd-Catalyzed C–H Ortho-Arylation. Org Lett 2012; 14:1827-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Péron
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4258 CERMN - FR CNRS 3038 INC3M - SF 4206 ICORE, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Christine Fossey
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4258 CERMN - FR CNRS 3038 INC3M - SF 4206 ICORE, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Cailly
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4258 CERMN - FR CNRS 3038 INC3M - SF 4206 ICORE, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Frédéric Fabis
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4258 CERMN - FR CNRS 3038 INC3M - SF 4206 ICORE, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-14032 Caen, France
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133
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Duttwyler S, Lu C, Rheingold AL, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Highly diastereoselective synthesis of tetrahydropyridines by a C-H activation-cyclization-reduction cascade. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:4064-7. [PMID: 22356093 PMCID: PMC3319108 DOI: 10.1021/ja2119833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A versatile reaction cascade leading to highly substituted 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines has been developed. It comprises rhodium(I)-catalyzed C-H activation-alkyne coupling followed by electrocyclization and subsequent acid/borohydride-promoted reduction. This one-pot procedure affords the target compounds in up to 95% yield with >95% diastereomeric purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Duttwyler
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Colin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
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134
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Song G, Wang F, Li X. C-C, C-O and C-N bond formation via rhodium(III)-catalyzed oxidative C-H activation. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:3651-78. [PMID: 22377832 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2016] [Impact Index Per Article: 168.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct functionalization of C-H bonds under oxidative conditions leading to C-C, C-N, and C-O bond formation is reviewed. Various arene substrates bearing nitrogen and oxygen directing groups are covered in their coupling with unsaturated partners such as alkenes and alkynes. The facile construction of C-E (E = C, N, S, or O) bonds makes Rh(III) catalysis an attractive step-economic approach to value-added molecules from readily available starting materials. Comparisons and contrasts between rhodium(III) and palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidative coupling are made. The remarkable diversity of structures accessible is demonstrated with various recent examples, with a proposed mechanism for each transformation being briefly summarized (critical review, 138 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Song
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, PR China
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135
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Tauchert ME, Incarvito CD, Rheingold AL, Bergman RG, Ellman JA. Mechanism of the rhodium(III)-catalyzed arylation of imines via C-H bond functionalization: inhibition by substrate. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1482-5. [PMID: 22257031 DOI: 10.1021/ja211110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rh(III)-catalyzed arylation of imines provides a new method for C-C bond formation while simultaneously introducing an α-branched amine as a functional group. This detailed mechanistic study provides insights for the rational future development of this new reaction. Relevant intermediate Rh(III) complexes have been isolated and characterized, and their reactivities in stoichiometric reactions with relevant substrates have been monitored. The reaction was found to be first order in the catalyst resting state and inverse first order in the C-H activation substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Tauchert
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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136
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Qiu G, Liu G, Pu S, Wu J. A palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction for the preparation of quinazolin-4(3H)-imines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2903-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc18001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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137
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Qiu G, Wu J. Generation of benzoimidazo[1,5-a]imidazoles via a copper-catalyzed tandem reaction of carbodiimide and isocyanoacetate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:6046-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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138
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Li Y, Zhao J, Chen H, Liu B, Jiang H. Pd-catalyzed and CsF-promoted reaction of bromoalkynes with isocyanides: regioselective synthesis of substituted 5-iminopyrrolones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3545-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17717j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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139
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Qiu G, He Y, Wu J. Preparation of quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines via a palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction of carbodiimide, isocyanide, and amine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3836-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30928a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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140
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Zhu C, Falck JR. Rhodium catalyzed C-H olefination of N-benzoylsulfonamides with internal alkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 48:1674-6. [PMID: 22186826 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16963k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An annulation via tandem rhodium catalyzed C-H olefination of N-benzoylsulfonamides with internal olefins followed by C-N bond formation is disclosed. A N-substituted quaternary center is formed during the reaction thus providing efficient access to a series of 3,3-disubstituted isoindolinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA.
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