101
|
Anger F, Camara M, Ellinger E, Germer CT, Schlegel N, Otto C, Klein I. Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve Liver Regeneration After Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1451-1462. [PMID: 31495270 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major obstacle in liver resection and transplantation surgery, especially in diseased organs. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are reported to acutely alleviate hepatic IRI in mice by releasing bioactive membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the long-term effects of MSC-derived EV on hepatic IRI are unknown. Given the considerable differentiation capacity of fibroblasts (FBs) during wound healing and their morphological similarities with MSC, the present study aimed to investigate the potential of these two cell types and their cell-derived EV in attenuating liver damage after IRI. EVs were isolated and purified from the supernatant of MSC and FB cultures and, subsequently, characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. Liver injury and organ regeneration in a murine in vivo model of IRI were assessed by serum transaminase levels, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Changes in expression of inflammation-associated genes within liver tissue were evaluated by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MSC, MSC-derived EV, FB, and FB-derived EV were systemically administered before hepatic IRI. We found that MSC and MSC-derived EV decreased serum transaminase levels, reduced hepatic necrosis, increased the amount of Ki67-positive hepatocytes, and repressed the transcription of inflammation-associated genes. Although they had no impact on organ damage, FB and FB-derived EV showed some regenerative potential in the late phase of hepatic IRI. Compared to FB, MSC and their derived EV had a stronger potential to attenuate liver damage and improve organ regeneration after hepatic IRI. These results suggest that the key therapeutic factors are located within EV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Anger
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Monika Camara
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Ellinger
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph-Thomas Germer
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Otto
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Klein
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Pasanisi E, Ciavarella C, Valente S, Ricci F, Pasquinelli G. Differentiation and plasticity of human vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells, dermal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: a critical comparison including ultrastructural evaluation of osteogenic potential. Ultrastruct Pathol 2019; 43:261-272. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1673863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pasanisi
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Ciavarella
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), University of Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Cardiac Fibroblasts and the Extracellular Matrix in Regenerative and Nonregenerative Hearts. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6030029. [PMID: 31434209 PMCID: PMC6787677 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the postnatal period in mammals, the heart undergoes significant remodeling and cardiac cells progressively lose their embryonic characteristics. At the same time, notable changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition occur with a reduction in the components considered facilitators of cellular proliferation, including fibronectin and periostin, and an increase in collagen fiber organization. Not much is known about the postnatal cardiac fibroblast which is responsible for producing the majority of the ECM, but during the days after birth, mammalian hearts can regenerate after injury with only a transient scar formation. This phenomenon has also been described in adult urodeles and teleosts, but relatively little is known about their cardiac fibroblasts or ECM composition. Here, we review the pre-existing knowledge about cardiac fibroblasts and the ECM during the postnatal period in mammals as well as in regenerative environments.
Collapse
|
104
|
Li F, Tang Y, Song B, Yu M, Li Q, Zhang C, Hou J, Yang R. Nomenclature clarification: synovial fibroblasts and synovial mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:260. [PMID: 31426847 PMCID: PMC6701095 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial-derived cells, found in the synovial membrane of human joints, were obtained by digestion of the synovial membrane and were subsequently expanded in vitro. The identity of synovial-derived cells has long been a topic of debate. The terms "type B synoviocytes," "fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS)," "synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)," and "synovial fibroblasts (SF)" appeared in different articles related to human synovial-derived cells in various disease models, yet they seemed to be describing the same cell type. However, to date, there is no clear standard to distinguish these terms; thus, the hypothesis that they represent the same cell type is currently inconclusive. Therefore, this review aims to clarify the similarities and differences between these terms and to diffuse the chaotic nomenclature of synovial-derived cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangqi Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Yiyong Tang
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Menglei Yu
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Qingyue Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Congda Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Jingyi Hou
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedic, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, NO.107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Timaner M, Tsai KK, Shaked Y. The multifaceted role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:225-237. [PMID: 31212021 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells derived from the mesoderm that give rise to several mesenchymal lineages, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myocytes. Their potent ability to home to tumors coupled with their differentiation potential and immunosuppressive function positions MSCs as key regulators of tumor fate. Here we review the existing knowledge on the involvement of MSCs in multiple tumor-promoting processes, including angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, immunosuppression and therapy resistance. We also discuss the clinical potential of MSC-based therapy for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Timaner
- Technion-Integerated Cancer Center, Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kelvin K Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, and Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, and Graduate Institutes of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Yuval Shaked
- Technion-Integerated Cancer Center, Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Baryawno N, Przybylski D, Kowalczyk MS, Kfoury Y, Severe N, Gustafsson K, Kokkaliaris KD, Mercier F, Tabaka M, Hofree M, Dionne D, Papazian A, Lee D, Ashenberg O, Subramanian A, Vaishnav ED, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Regev A, Scadden DT. A Cellular Taxonomy of the Bone Marrow Stroma in Homeostasis and Leukemia. Cell 2019; 177:1915-1932.e16. [PMID: 31130381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Stroma is a poorly defined non-parenchymal component of virtually every organ with key roles in organ development, homeostasis, and repair. Studies of the bone marrow stroma have defined individual populations in the stem cell niche regulating hematopoietic regeneration and capable of initiating leukemia. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to define a cellular taxonomy of the mouse bone marrow stroma and its perturbation by malignancy. We identified seventeen stromal subsets expressing distinct hematopoietic regulatory genes spanning new fibroblastic and osteoblastic subpopulations including distinct osteoblast differentiation trajectories. Emerging acute myeloid leukemia impaired mesenchymal osteogenic differentiation and reduced regulatory molecules necessary for normal hematopoiesis. These data suggest that tissue stroma responds to malignant cells by disadvantaging normal parenchymal cells. Our taxonomy of the stromal compartment provides a comprehensive bone marrow cell census and experimental support for cancer cell crosstalk with specific stromal elements to impair normal tissue function and thereby enable emergent cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninib Baryawno
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Dep. of Children's and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dariusz Przybylski
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Monika S Kowalczyk
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Youmna Kfoury
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Nicolas Severe
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Karin Gustafsson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Konstantinos D Kokkaliaris
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Francois Mercier
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Marcin Tabaka
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matan Hofree
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Danielle Dionne
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ani Papazian
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Orr Ashenberg
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ayshwarya Subramanian
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Mirzaeian L, Eftekhari-Yazdi P, Esfandiari F, Eivazkhani F, Rezazadeh Valojerdi M, Moini A, Fathi R. Induction of Mouse Peritoneum Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Germ Cell-Like Cells Using Follicular Fluid and Cumulus Cells-Conditioned Media. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:554-564. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mirzaeian
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poopak Eftekhari-Yazdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Esfandiari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Eivazkhani
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Fathi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Taşkiran EZ, Karaosmanoğlu B. Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes between human primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human primary dermal fibroblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:21-27. [PMID: 30930632 PMCID: PMC6426640 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1808-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cells have been widely used in biomedical research and disease modeling studies in vitro. The most commonly used types of stromal cells are mesenchymal stem cells and fibroblasts. Their cellular phenotypes and differentiation capabilities are quite similar and there are no specific distinction criteria. In order to identify transcriptomic differences between these 2 cell types, we performed next-generation RNA sequencing. Using the global gene expression profile and pathway analysis, we showed that human primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human primary dermal fibroblasts have different molecular signatures. We also identified critical transcription factors that are differentially expressed between these cells. We then proposed that homeobox genes and some other sequence-specific transcription factors are not only responsible for transcriptional differences, but also discriminate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and dermal fibroblasts at the transcriptional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekim Zihni Taşkiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Beren Karaosmanoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Schwartz SM, Virmani R, Majesky MW. An update on clonality: what smooth muscle cell type makes up the atherosclerotic plaque? F1000Res 2018; 7:F1000 Faculty Rev-1969. [PMID: 30613386 PMCID: PMC6305222 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15994.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost 50 years ago, Earl Benditt and his son John described the clonality of the atherosclerotic plaque. This led Benditt to propose that the atherosclerotic lesion was a smooth muscle neoplasm, similar to the leiomyomata seen in the uterus of most women. Although the observation of clonality has been confirmed many times, interest in the idea that atherosclerosis might be a form of neoplasia waned because of the clinical success of treatments for hyperlipemia and because animal models have made great progress in understanding how lipid accumulates in the plaque and may lead to plaque rupture. Four advances have made it important to reconsider Benditt's observations. First, we now know that clonality is a property of normal tissue development. Second, this is even true in the vessel wall, where we now know that formation of clonal patches in that wall is part of the development of smooth muscle cells that make up the tunica media of arteries. Third, we know that the intima, the "soil" for development of the human atherosclerotic lesion, develops before the fatty lesions appear. Fourth, while the cells comprising this intima have been called "smooth muscle cells", we do not have a clear definition of cell type nor do we know if the initial accumulation is clonal. As a result, Benditt's hypothesis needs to be revisited in terms of changes in how we define smooth muscle cells and the quite distinct developmental origins of the cells that comprise the muscular coats of all arterial walls. Finally, since clonality of the lesions is real, the obvious questions are do these human tumors precede the development of atherosclerosis, how do the clones develop, what cell type gives rise to the clones, and in what ways do the clones provide the soil for development and natural history of atherosclerosis?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renu Virmani
- CV Path Institute, Gaithersberg, Maryland, 20878, USA
| | - Mark W. Majesky
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| |
Collapse
|