101
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Ren K, Jiang T, Zhao GJ. Quercetin induces the selective uptake of HDL-cholesterol via promoting SR-BI expression and the activation of the PPARγ/LXRα pathway. Food Funct 2018; 9:624-635. [PMID: 29292466 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is the process to deliver cholesterol to the liver for further excretion and involves scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI)-mediated selective lipid uptake (SLU) from high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The up-regulation of hepatic SR-BI expression accelerates HDL-C clearance in circulation and impedes the development of atherosclerosis (AS). In the present study, we explored the modulation of hepatic SR-BI expression and SR-BI-mediated SLU by quercetin, a natural flavonoid compound in the diet with a favorable role in cardiovascular disorders. We found that quercetin significantly increased the expression level of SR-BI in HepG2 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Besides, quercetin had stimulatory effects on the binding of 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil)-labeled HDL to hepatocytes and 125I/3H-CE-HDL association. Treatment with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or SR-BI specific inhibitor, BLT-1, inhibited quercetin-induced Dil-HDL binding and selective HDL-C uptake. Treatment with quercetin increased both proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and liver X receptor α (LXRα) levels. Additionally, the quercetin-induced expression of SR-BI, Dil-HDL binding and the selective uptake of HDL-C were significantly attenuated by treatment with PPARγ siRNA, LXRα siRNA, and their antagonists, respectively. In C57BL/6 mice, quercetin administration potently increased SR-BI, PPARγ and LXRα levels and lipid accumulation in the liver. Altogether, our results suggest that quercetin-induced up-regulation of SR-BI and subsequent lipid uptake in hepatocytes might contribute to its beneficial effects on cholesterol homeostasis and atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
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102
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Lee H, Nguyen TT, Jeong JH, Park JB. Evaluation of the Effects of Biodegradable Microspheres Loaded with Quercetin on Adipogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Cellular Spheroids. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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103
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Protection by different classes of dietary polyphenols against palmitic acid-induced steatosis, nitro-oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in HepG2 hepatocytes. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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104
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Mbikay M, Mayne J, Sirois F, Fedoryak O, Raymond A, Noad J, Chrétien M. Mice Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet Supplemented with Quercetin-3-Glucoside Show Attenuated Hyperlipidemia and Hyperinsulinemia Associated with Differential Regulation of PCSK9 and LDLR in their Liver and Pancreas. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700729. [PMID: 29396908 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) regulate the clearance of plasma LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C): LDLR promotes it, and PCSK9 opposes it. These proteins also express in pancreatic β cells. Using cultured hepatocytes, we previously showed that the plant flavonoid quercetin-3-glucoside (Q3G) inhibits PCSK9 secretion, stimulated LDLR expression, and enhanced LDL-C uptake. Here, we examine whether Q3G supplementation could reverse the hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia of mice fed a high-cholesterol diet, and how it affects hepatic and pancreatic LDLR and PCSK9 expression. METHODS AND RESULTS For 12 weeks, mice are fed a low- (0%) or high- (1%) cholesterol diet (LCD or HCD), supplemented or not with Q3G at 0.05 or 0.1% (w/w). Tissue LDLR and PCSK9 is analyzed by immunoblotting, plasma PCSK9 and insulin by ELISA, and plasma cholesterol and glucose by colorimetry. In LCD-fed mice, Q3G has no effect. In HCD-fed mice, it attenuates the increase in plasma cholesterol and insulin, accentuates the decrease in plasma PCSK9, and increases hepatic and pancreatic LDLR and PCSK9. In cultured pancreatic β cells, however, it stimulates PCSK9 secretion. CONCLUSION In mice, dietary Q3G could counter HCD-induced hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia, in part by oppositely modulating hepatic and pancreatic PCSK9 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majambu Mbikay
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Janice Mayne
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Francine Sirois
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Olesya Fedoryak
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Angela Raymond
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jennifer Noad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michel Chrétien
- Functional Endoproteolysis Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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105
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Zhang X, Xu GB, Zhou D, Pan YX. High-fat diet modifies expression of hepatic cellular senescence gene p16(INK4a) through chromatin modifications in adult male rats. GENES AND NUTRITION 2018; 13:6. [PMID: 29564021 PMCID: PMC5853101 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Liver is the crucial organ as a hub for metabolic reactions. p16(INK4a) is a well-established cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that plays important role in the molecular pathways of senescence, which lead to irreversible cell cycle arrest with secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study tested the hypothesis that cellular senescence regulated by p16(INK4a) is associated with high-fat diet in adult male rats. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat (HF) diet or a control (C) diet for 9 weeks after weaning. At 12 weeks of age, liver samples of male rats were collected to investigate the key genes and liver physiological status. Results Both mRNA and protein expression level of cellular senescence marker, p16(INK4a), was increased significantly in HF group when compared to C group. A decrease of tri-methylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27Me3) in the coding region of p16(INK4a) was observed. On the other hand, mRNA and protein expression of another inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, p21(Cip1), was decreased significantly in HF group; however, no significant chromatin modification was found in this gene. Histological analysis demonstrated hepatic steatosis in HF group as well as severe fat accumulation. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that HF diet regulated cellular senescence marker p16(INK4a) through chromatin modifications, which may promote hepatic fat accumulation and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Zhang
- 1Pediatric Oncology Branch (POB), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Guanying Bianca Xu
- 2Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 461 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- 4Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- 2Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 461 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,3Division of Nutritional Sciences (DNS), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 461 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,5Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 461 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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106
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Najafabadi RE, Kazemipour N, Esmaeili A, Beheshti S, Nazifi S. Quercetin Prevents Body Weight Loss Due to the Using of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Rat. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:8. [PMID: 29456979 PMCID: PMC5812102 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_141_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have been largely considered for numerous applications in biomedicine such as magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia, cell tracking, anticancer treatment, and targeted delivery of drugs or genes. However, they may have side effects such body weight loss. Quercetin (QT), a strong antioxidant and free radical scavenger and a natural flavonoid, has a wide range of biological and therapeutic effects. In this study, the effect of QT on prevention of weight loss due to the using of SPION has been investigated. Materials and Methods: SPION and QT-SPION were administered orally at 50 and 100 mg/kg for 7 days. Then, the body weight was measured at the beginning and the end of the study. Results: Rats fed with 50 and 100 mg/kg SPION showed a significant weight loss, whereas those that fed with 50 mg/kg QT-SPION did not. A weight loss was observed in rats treated with 100 mg/kg of QT-SPION. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that quercetin could prevent weight loss due to the SPION.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasrin Kazemipour
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- Department of Biology, Cell, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Siamak Beheshti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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107
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Ting Y, Chang WT, Shiau DK, Chou PH, Wu MF, Hsu CL. Antiobesity Efficacy of Quercetin-Rich Supplement on Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Effects on Body Composition, Serum Lipid Profile, and Gene Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:70-80. [PMID: 29249156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The antiobesity effects of quercetin-rich supplement (QRS), which contain quercetin, lycopene, taurine, and litchi flower extract, on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats were investigated. The rats that consume HFD with QRS (185 mg/kg rat) have significantly modulated the final body weights [490 ± 11 (HFD) → 441 ± 11 (HFD+QRS) g], total body fat [112.9 ± 4.5 (HFD) → 86.6 ± 5.7 (HFD+QRS) g], liver weights [14.8 ± 0.4 (HFD) → 12.6 ± 0.4 (HFD+QRS) g/rat], and the serum TG [102.5 ± 7.3 (HFD) → 90.7 ± 6.5 (HFD+QRS) mg/dL] to a level that resembled the regular diet-consumed rats (p < 0.05). The excretion of lipid in the faeces augmented in QRS groups as compared with the nonsupplemented HFD group [faecal total lipid: 62.43 ± 2.80 (HFD) → 73.15 ± 0.88 (HFD+QRS) mg/g dried faeces, p < 0.05]. In the histological analysis, quercetin-rich formulation supplemented groups presented a much less lipid accumulation and smaller size of adipocytes. Moreover, a decreased serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [1.55 ± 0.17 (HFD) → 0.78 ± 0.04 (HFD+QRS) nmol MDA eq/mL serum] increased levels of serum Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity [3.89 ± 0.08 (HFD) → 6.46 ± 0.20 (HFD+QRS) μmol/mL serum], and more active hepatic antioxidant enzymes were observed in the supplemented groups (p < 0.05). The result of this work is a good demonstration of how a combination of bioactive compounds could work synergistically and become very effective in disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Ting
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tang Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Kai Shiau
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Management, Feng Chia University , Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fang Wu
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Management, Feng Chia University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
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108
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Chen H, Fu Y, Jiang X, Li D, Qin W, Zhang Q, Lin D, Liu Y, Tan C, Huang Z, Liu Y, Chen D. Arabinoxylan activates lipid catabolism and alleviates liver damage in rats induced by high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:253-260. [PMID: 28585327 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arabinoxylan was thought to have the potential to change lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis in human and animal. However, the effect of arabinoxylan on the liver damage induced by high-fat diet needs further exploiting. RESULTS Six-weeks-old 30 male Sprague-Dawley Rats were assigned randomly to three groups (n = 10 per group), i.e. a control diet (CON) group, a high-fat diet (HF) group and a high-fat diet supplemented with arabinoxylan (6% AX, HF-AX) group. Results showed that final body weight and liver weight were similar in CON group and HF-AX group, but higher in the HF group. In serum, the HF-AX group showed lower triglyceride concentrations than did the HF group. In liver, higher lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, total lipase, and acyl-CoA oxidase activities and lower triglyceride and cholesterol level were observed in the HF-AX group than in the HF group. For the redox homeostasis, arabinoxylan supplemented in HF increased T-SOD activity and GSH-PX activity and reduced MDA + 4-HNE level in liver and/or compared with those in the HF group. Lipid droplets and liver cell damage were observed in the HF group compared with the CON and HF-AX groups. CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan could improve lipid metabolic disorder and alleviate liver damage in rats induced by high-fat diet via activating lipid catabolism and suppressing lipid peroxidation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanfang Fu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiujuan Jiang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Derong Lin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Cui Tan
- School of Postgraduates, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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109
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Zeni ALB, Moreira TD, Dalmagro AP, Camargo A, Bini LA, Simionatto EL, Scharf DR. Evaluation of phenolic compounds and lipid-lowering effect of Morus nigra leaves extract. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2805-2815. [PMID: 29236863 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) is a tree known as black mulberry and the leaves are used in folk medicine in the treatment of diabetes, high cholesterol and menopause symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the M. nigra leaves phytochemical profile in different extractions and the hypolipidemic effect of the infusion comparing to the fenofibrate. Morus nigra infusion (MN) showed higher amounts of phenolics and flavonoids (83.85 mg/g and 79.96 µg/g, respectively), as well as antioxidant activity (83.85%) than decoction or hydromethanolic extracts. Although, decoction showed the best result for ascorbic acid (4.35 mg/100 g) than hydromethanolic or infusion (2.51 or 2.13 mg/100 g, respectively). The phenolic acids gallic, chlorogenic and caffeic and the flavonoids quercetin, rutin and catechin were found in the M. nigra extracts. Hyperlipidemic rats treated with 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg of MN decreased serum cholesterol, triglycerides and normalized lipoproteins. Furthermore, MN inhibited lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney and brain of hyperlipidemic rats. This study provides evidence that M. nigra leaves extracts are rich in polyphenols, mainly chlorogenic acid, which normalized hyperlipidemic disturbance. The results suggest a potential therapeutic effect of the M. nigra leaves infusion on dislipidemic condition and related oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia B Zeni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatianne D Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dalmagro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Anderson Camargo
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Bini
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Laboratório de Avaliação de Substâncias Bioativas, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Edésio L Simionatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, 89030-903 Blumenau, SC, Brazil.,Laboratório de Cromatografia, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, 3250, 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Dilamara R Scharf
- Laboratório de Cromatografia, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua São Paulo, 3250, 89030-000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
Zebrafish is an often used model of vertebrate lipid metabolism. In this article, we examined the effects of diets rich in fish oil, a dietary fat that has been shown to have antiobesity effects in mammals, or lard on body fat accumulation in zebrafish. Adult female zebrafish were fed a high-fat diet containing 20% (w/w) fish oil or lard for 4 weeks. Fish in the fish oil diet group had less body fat accumulation compared with those in the lard diet group. In the intestine, expression of genes for the alpha (hadhaa) and beta (hadhb) subunits of the beta-oxidation enzyme hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-Coenzyme A thiolase/enoyl-Coenzyme A hydratase was significantly increased in the fish oil diet group compared with the lard diet group (p < 0.05). In the liver, expression of the gene for fatty acid synthase (fasn) was significantly decreased in the fish oil diet group compared with the lard diet group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the mechanisms underlying the antiobesity effect of fish oil are similar in zebrafish and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Meguro
- Biological Science Research , Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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111
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Harrison CA, Taren D. How poverty affects diet to shape the microbiota and chronic disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2017; 18:279-287. [PMID: 29109542 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2017.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we discuss the link between nutrition, non-communicable chronic diseases and socio-economic standing, with a special focus on the microbiota. We provide a theoretical framework and several lines of evidence from both animal and human studies that support the idea that income inequality is an underlying factor for the maladaptive changes seen in the microbiota in certain populations. We propose that this contributes to the health disparities that are seen between lower-income and higher-income populations in high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy A Harrison
- Departments of Immunobiology and Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Douglas Taren
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
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112
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Zhao L, Cen F, Tian F, Li MJ, Zhang Q, Shen HY, Shen XC, Zhou MM, Du J. Combination treatment with quercetin and resveratrol attenuates high fat diet-induced obesity and associated inflammation in rats via the AMPKα1/SIRT1 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5942-5948. [PMID: 29285143 PMCID: PMC5740593 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is associated with systemic inflammation, which is considered to originate predominantly from the adipose tissue. Quercetin and resveratrol are two dietary polyphenols that exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and anti-insulin resistance when administered in isolation or combination (CQR). It remains unknown whether CQR reduces high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and inflammation in rats. In the current study, 46 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, one of which was fed a normal diet (ND, 5.4% fat, w/w) and one of which was fed a HFD (45% fat, w/w) for 3 weeks. Following removal of the 12 most obesity-resistant rats from the HFD group, the remaining rats were divided into two sub-groups: A HFD group and a HFD+CQR group (administered 120 mg/kg/day resveratrol and 240 mg/kg/day quercetin). The results revealed that the HFD+CQR group had significantly lower body weights at 11 weeks compared with the HFD group and had significantly reduced visceral adipose tissue weights and adipocyte sizes. Serum lipid profiles were also significantly ameliorated in the HFD+CQR group. CQR attenuated the expression of systemic proinflammatory adipokines, including leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6. It also reduced the recruitment of mast cells to the epididyotic adipose tissue (EAT). Furthermore, CQR reversed the HFD-induced suppression of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) phosphorylation and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in EAT. In conclusion, CQR may suppress obesity and associated inflammation via the AMPKα1/SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats fed a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Fang Cen
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Feng Tian
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jie Li
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yi Shen
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Drugability, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Huaxi, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Mei Zhou
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Dadashpour M, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Zarghami N, Firouzi-Amandi A, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Nouri M. Emerging Importance of Phytochemicals in Regulation of Stem Cells Fate via Signaling Pathways. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1651-1668. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Younes Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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Cialdella-Kam L, Ghosh S, Meaney MP, Knab AM, Shanely RA, Nieman DC. Quercetin and Green Tea Extract Supplementation Downregulates Genes Related to Tissue Inflammatory Responses to a 12-Week High Fat-Diet in Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070773. [PMID: 28753942 PMCID: PMC5537887 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Q) and green tea extract (E) are reported to counter insulin resistance and inflammation and favorably alter fat metabolism. We investigated whether a mixture of E + Q (EQ) could synergistically influence metabolic and inflammation endpoints in a high-fat diet (HFD) fed to mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 40) were put on HFD (fat = 60%kcal) for 12 weeks and randomly assigned to Q (25 mg/kg of body weight (BW)/day), E (3 mg of epigallocatechin gallate/kg BW/day), EQ, or control groups for four weeks. At 16 weeks, insulin sensitivity was measured via the glucose tolerance test (GTT), followed by area-under-the-curve (AUC) estimations. Plasma cytokines and quercetin were also measured, along with whole genome transcriptome analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on adipose, liver, and skeletal muscle tissues. Univariate analyses were conducted via analysis of variance (ANOVA), and whole-genome expression profiles were examined via gene set enrichment. At 16 weeks, plasma quercetin levels were higher in Q and EQ groups vs. the control and E groups (p < 0.05). Plasma cytokines were similar among groups (p > 0.05). AUC estimations for GTT was 14% lower for Q vs. E (p = 0.0311), but non-significant from control (p = 0.0809). Genes for cholesterol metabolism and immune and inflammatory response were downregulated in Q and EQ groups vs. control in adipose tissue and soleus muscle tissue. These data support an anti-inflammatory role for Q and EQ, a result best captured when measured with tissue gene downregulation in comparison to changes in plasma cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Cialdella-Kam
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine-WG 48, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Program in Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases and Center for Computational Biology, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Mary Pat Meaney
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Winston-Salem State University, 601 S. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, USA.
| | - Amy M Knab
- Levine Center for Health and Wellness, Queens University of Charlotte, 1900 Selwyn Avenue, Charlotte, NC 28274, USA.
| | - R Andrew Shanely
- Department of Health & Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32071, 111 Rivers Street, 050 Convocation Center, Boone, NC 28608, USA.
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Appalachian State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
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115
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Xiao L, Liu L, Guo X, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhou F, Liu L, Tang Y, Yao P. Quercetin attenuates high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice: A critical role of NADPH oxidase. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:22-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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116
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Kim M, Seo SB, Kim J, Tran NKS, Park TS, Yang SH, Kim SD, Lee YK, Lee SI, Suh JW, Shim SM. Supplementation of standardized extract from fermented Smilax chinaL. leaf containing secondary metabolites moderated diet-induced obesity by modulating the activity antioxidant enzymes and hepatic lipogenesis. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics; College of Natural Science, Myongji University; Cheoin-gu, Yongin Gyeonggi-Do 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Khoi Song Tran
- Department of Life Science; Gachon University; Bokjung-dong, Sujung-gu, Sungnam-si Gyeonggi-do 461-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science; Gachon University; Bokjung-dong, Sujung-gu, Sungnam-si Gyeonggi-do 461-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Yang
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics; College of Natural Science, Myongji University; Cheoin-gu, Yongin Gyeonggi-Do 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Dong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyungsan 712-702 Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science; Gumi University, Gumi-si; Gyeongbuk 39213 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Cookery; Keimyung College University; Daegu 704-703 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics; College of Natural Science, Myongji University; Cheoin-gu, Yongin Gyeonggi-Do 449-728 Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sejong University; 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
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117
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Stoldt AK, Mielenz M, Nürnberg G, Sauerwein H, Esatbeyoglu T, Wagner AE, Rimbach G, Starke A, Wolffram S, Metges CC. Effects of a six-week intraduodenal supplementation with quercetin on liver lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in peripartal dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:1913-23. [PMID: 27285689 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible effects of quercetin (Q) on liver lipid metabolism and antioxidative status in periparturient dairy cows. The periparturient period is associated with enormous metabolic changes for dairy cows. Energy needs for incipient lactation are too high to be balanced by feed intake, leading to negative energy balance and body fat mobilization. It has been estimated that this leads to the development of fatty liver in about 50% of cows, which are at high risk for disease. Furthermore, the antioxidative status of these cows may be impaired. Quercetin is a plant flavonoid having hepatoprotective and antioxidative potential and the ability to reduce liver lipid accumulation in monogastric animals. Little information is available in regard to these effects in ruminants. To prevent microbial Q degradation in the rumen, Q was administered via a duodenal fistula to improve systemic availability. Five cows of the Q-treated group received, daily, 100 mg of quercetin dehydrate/kg BW in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution from d -20 until d 20 relative to calving, whereas 5 control (CTR) cows received only a sodium chloride solution. Blood samples were taken weekly and liver biopsies were performed in wk -4, -2, and 3 relative to calving. Cows treated with Q showed a tendency ( = 0.082) for lower liver fat content compared with CTR cows. Liver glycogen, glutathione concentrations, and relative mRNA abundance of genes related to hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidative status as well as parameters of antioxidative status in plasma were not affected ( > 0.1) by Q supplementation. In conclusion, liver fat content in dairy cows tended to be reduced by Q supplementation, but potential underlying mechanisms remain unclear because analyzed parameters related to hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidative defense were not altered by Q supplementation.
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118
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Takahashi K, Osada K. Effect of Dietary Purified Xanthohumol from Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Pomace on Adipose Tissue Mass, Fasting Blood Glucose Level, and Lipid Metabolism in KK-Ay Mice. J Oleo Sci 2017; 66:531-541. [PMID: 28413193 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that xanthohumol-rich hop extract (XRHE, ~18% xanthohumol) exerts anti-obesity effects in rats fed a high-fat diet through regulation of fatty acid metabolism. In this study, we examined the effects of dietary purified xanthohumol from XRHE (PX, ~91.9% xanthohumol) in KK-Ay mice in order to understand the anti-obesity effects of xanthohumol alone because XRHE contains 82% unknown compounds. Dietary consumption of PX significantly inhibited an increase in the visceral fat weight of mice compared to those fed control diet without PX. Plasma leptin level was significantly lower in the PX-fed group than in the control group. Dietary PX lowered hepatic fatty acid synthesis by down-regulation of SREBP1c mRNA expression in the liver. On the other hand, fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver was promoted by dietary PX through the up-regulation of PPARα mRNA expression. Moreover, the fecal levels of fatty acids and carbohydrates increased by dietary PX. PX inhibited lipase or α-amylase activity in vitro. Thus, we found that PX may exert anti-obesity effects through the regulation of lipid metabolism and inhibition of intestinal fat and carbohydrate absorption, and that xanthohumol alone may exert anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Takahashi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University
| | - Kyoichi Osada
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University
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119
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Yu H, Zhao Z, Yu X, Li J, Lu C, Yang R. Bovine lipid metabolism related gene GPAM: Molecular characterization, function identification, and association analysis with fat deposition traits. Gene 2017; 609:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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120
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Metabolomic Fingerprinting in the Comprehensive Study of Liver Changes Associated with Onion Supplementation in Hypercholesterolemic Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020267. [PMID: 28134852 PMCID: PMC5343803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of functional ingredients has been suggested to be a complementary tool for the prevention and management of liver disease. In this light, processed onion can be considered as a source of multiple bioactive compounds with hepatoprotective properties. The liver fingerprint of male Wistar rats (n = 24) fed with three experimental diets (control (C), high-cholesterol (HC), and high-cholesterol enriched with onion (HCO) diets) was obtained through a non-targeted, multiplatform metabolomics approach to produce broad metabolite coverage. LC-MS, CE-MS and GC-MS results were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses, providing a list of significant metabolites. All data were merged in order to figure out the most relevant metabolites that were modified by the onion ingredient. Several relevant metabolic changes and related metabolic pathways were found to be impacted by both HC and HCO diet. The model highlighted several metabolites (such as hydroxybutyryl carnitine and palmitoyl carnitine) modified by the HCO diet. These findings could suggest potential impairments in the energy−lipid metabolism, perturbations in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle and β-oxidation modulated by the onion supplementation in the core of hepatic dysfunction. Metabolomics shows to be a valuable tool to evaluate the effects of complementary dietetic approaches directed to hepatic damage amelioration or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevention.
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121
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Yamaki K, Takahashi Y. Additive Beneficial Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Quercetin on the Arteriosclerosis Index in Mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.23.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamaki
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute
| | - Yoko Takahashi
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute
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122
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Su D, Zhang R, Hou F, Chi J, Huang F, Yan S, Liu L, Deng Y, Wei Z, Zhang M. Lychee pulp phenolics ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation by reducing miR-33 and miR-122 expression in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2017; 8:808-815. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01507g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The repression of miR-33 and miR-122 is a possible molecular mechanism of the hypolipidemic effects of lychee pulp phenolics.
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123
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Caro M, Sansone A, Amezaga J, Navarro V, Ferreri C, Tueros I. Wine lees modulate lipid metabolism and induce fatty acid remodelling in zebrafish. Food Funct 2017; 8:1652-1659. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01754a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the ability of a polyphenolic extract obtained from a wine lees by-product to modulate zebrafish lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Caro
- New Foods
- AZTI
- 48160 Derio
- Spain
| | | | | | - V. Navarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences
- University of the Basque Country
- 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
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124
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Porras D, Nistal E, Martínez-Flórez S, Pisonero-Vaquero S, Olcoz JL, Jover R, González-Gallego J, García-Mediavilla MV, Sánchez-Campos S. Protective effect of quercetin on high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice is mediated by modulating intestinal microbiota imbalance and related gut-liver axis activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 102:188-202. [PMID: 27890642 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is involved in obesity, metabolic syndrome and the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It has been recently suggested that the flavonoid quercetin may have the ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota composition, suggesting a prebiotic capacity which highlights a great therapeutic potential in NAFLD. The present study aims to investigate benefits of experimental treatment with quercetin on gut microbial balance and related gut-liver axis activation in a nutritional animal model of NAFLD associated to obesity. C57BL/6J mice were challenged with high fat diet (HFD) supplemented or not with quercetin for 16 weeks. HFD induced obesity, metabolic syndrome and the development of hepatic steatosis as main hepatic histological finding. Increased accumulation of intrahepatic lipids was associated with altered gene expression related to lipid metabolism, as a result of deregulation of their major modulators. Quercetin supplementation decreased insulin resistance and NAFLD activity score, by reducing the intrahepatic lipid accumulation through its ability to modulate lipid metabolism gene expression, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-dependent lipoperoxidation and related lipotoxicity. Microbiota composition was determined via 16S ribosomal RNA Illumina next-generation sequencing. Metagenomic studies revealed HFD-dependent differences at phylum, class and genus levels leading to dysbiosis, characterized by an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and in Gram-negative bacteria, and a dramatically increased detection of Helicobacter genus. Dysbiosis was accompanied by endotoxemia, intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut-liver axis alteration and subsequent inflammatory gene overexpression. Dysbiosis-mediated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-NF-κB signaling pathway activation was associated with inflammasome initiation response and reticulum stress pathway induction. Quercetin reverted gut microbiota imbalance and related endotoxemia-mediated TLR-4 pathway induction, with subsequent inhibition of inflammasome response and reticulum stress pathway activation, leading to the blockage of lipid metabolism gene expression deregulation. Our results support the suitability of quercetin as a therapeutic approach for obesity-associated NAFLD via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and prebiotic integrative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Porras
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
| | - Esther Nistal
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
| | | | | | - José Luis Olcoz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Gastroenterology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain.
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Experimental Hepatology Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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125
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Enos RT, Velázquez KT, Carson MS, McClellan JL, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Davis JM, Murphy EA. A Low Dose of Dietary Quercetin Fails to Protect against the Development of an Obese Phenotype in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167979. [PMID: 27959936 PMCID: PMC5154532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 40% high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with a dietary attainable level of quercetin (0.02%) on body composition, adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, Non-Alcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease (NAFLD), and metabolic outcomes. Diets were administered for 16 weeks to C57BL/6J mice (n = 10/group) beginning at 4 weeks of age. Body composition and fasting blood glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol concentrations were examined intermittently. AT and liver mRNA expression (RT-PCR) of inflammatory mediators (F4/80, CD206 (AT only), CD11c (AT only) TLR-2 (AT only), TLR-4 (AT only), MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 (AT only), and IL-10 (AT only)) were measured along with activation of NFκB-p65, and JNK (western blot). Hepatic lipid accumulation, gene expression (RT-PCR) of hepatic metabolic markers (ACAC1, SREBP-1, PPAR-γ), protein content of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress markers (BiP, phosphorylated and total EIF2α, phosphorylated and total IRE1α, CHOP), and hepatic oxidative capacity were assessed (western blot). Quercetin administration had no effect at mitigating increases in visceral AT, AT inflammation, hepatic steatosis, ER Stress, decrements in hepatic oxidative capacity, or the development of insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia. In conclusion, 0.02% quercetin supplementation is not an effective therapy for attenuating HFD-induced obesity development. It is likely that a higher dose of quercetin supplementation is needed to elicit favorable outcomes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reilly T. Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Kandy T. Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Meredith S. Carson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Jamie L. McClellan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - J. Mark Davis
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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126
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Azhar Y, Parmar A, Miller CN, Samuels JS, Rayalam S. Phytochemicals as novel agents for the induction of browning in white adipose tissue. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:89. [PMID: 27980598 PMCID: PMC5135798 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome continue to be a health epidemic in westernized societies and is catching up in the developing world. Despite such increases, little headway has been made to reverse adverse weight gain in the global population. Few medical options exist for the treatment of obesity which points to the necessity for exploration of anti-obesity therapies including pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds. Defects in brown adipose tissue, a major energy dissipating organ, has been identified in the obese and is hypothesized to contribute to the overall metabolic deficit observed in obesity. Not surprisingly, considerable attention has been placed on the discovery of methods to activate brown adipose tissue. A variety of plant-derived, natural compounds have shown promise to regulate brown adipose tissue activity and enhance the lipolytic and catabolic potential of white adipose tissue. Through activation of the sympathetic nervous system, thyroid hormone signaling, and transcriptional regulation of metabolism, natural compounds such as capsaicin and resveratrol may provide a relatively safe and effective option to upregulate energy expenditure. Through utilizing the energy dissipating potential of such nutraceutical compounds, the possibility exists to provide a therapeutic solution to correct the energy imbalance that underlines obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusra Azhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine- GA Campus, 625 Old Peachtree Rd NW, Suwannee, GA 30024 USA
| | - Ashish Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine- GA Campus, 625 Old Peachtree Rd NW, Suwannee, GA 30024 USA
| | - Colette N. Miller
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
| | - Janaiya S. Samuels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine- GA Campus, 625 Old Peachtree Rd NW, Suwannee, GA 30024 USA
| | - Srujana Rayalam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine- GA Campus, 625 Old Peachtree Rd NW, Suwannee, GA 30024 USA
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127
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Therapeutic Effects of Quercetin on Inflammation, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:9340637. [PMID: 28003714 PMCID: PMC5149671 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9340637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, abdominal obesity has been related to total low-grade inflammation and in some cases has resulted in insulin resistance and other metabolism related disorders such as diabetes. Quercetin is a polyphenol, which is a derivative of plants, and has been shown in vitro as well as in a few animal models to have several potential anti-inflammatory as well as anticarcinogenic applications. The substance has also been shown to aid in the attenuation of lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability. However, further research is called for to gain a better understanding of how quercetin is able to provide these beneficial effects. This manuscript reviewed quercetin's anti-inflammatory properties in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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128
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Kim KA, Yim JE. The Effect of Onion Peel Extract on Inflammatory Mediators in Korean Overweight and Obese Women. Clin Nutr Res 2016; 5:261-269. [PMID: 27812515 PMCID: PMC5093223 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2016.5.4.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, found abundantly in onion peel, has been known to have antioxidant and anti-obesity effects and improves endothelial function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a quercetin-rich onion peel extract (OPE) on the inflammatory mediators in overweight and obese women. This study was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Thirty-seven healthy overweight and obese women were randomly assigned to two groups, and one group was given a soft capsuled OPE (100 mg quercetin/day, n = 18) and the other group a same capsuled placebo (n = 19) for 12 weeks. Fat mass was measured by bioimpendance method at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured with colorimetric assay kits. The concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-4 in plasma were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Baseline characteristics of anthropometric indicators and blood metabolic profiles were not significantly different between placebo and OPE groups. Compared with baseline value, both placebo and OPE supplementation significantly decreased the percent of body fat mass and induced plasma adiponectin levels while ALT and AST activities as well as leptin, visfatin, TNF-α, and IL-4 levels in plasma were not significantly different between two groups after 12 weeks of the supplementation. These findings suggest that 12-week supplementation of OPE do not affect modulators of systemic inflammation in overweight and obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Songwon University, Gwangju 61756, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea
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129
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Sharma BR, Gautam LNS, Adhikari D, Karki R. A Comprehensive Review on Chemical Profiling ofNelumbo Nucifera: Potential for Drug Development. Phytother Res 2016; 31:3-26. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhesh Raj Sharma
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Natural Sciences; Mokpo National University; 61 Muan-gun Jeonnam 534-729 Korea
| | - Lekh Nath S. Gautam
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV 26506 USA
| | | | - Rajendra Karki
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Natural Sciences; Mokpo National University; 61 Muan-gun Jeonnam 534-729 Korea
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130
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Hu Y, Zhao Y, Yuan L, Yang X. Protective effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoids on high TMAO diet-induced vascular dysfunction and liver injury in mice. Food Funct 2016; 6:3359-72. [PMID: 26267818 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00581g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the liver and vascular changes in high trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) diet-fed mice, and the possible vasoprotective and hepatoprotective effects of purified tartary buckwheat flavonoid fraction (TBF). HPLC analysis revealed that the content of rutin and quercetin presented in TBF was 53.6% and 37.2%, respectively, accounting for 90.8% of TBF. Mice fed 1.5% TMAO in drinking water for 8 weeks significantly displayed vascular dysfunction and liver damage (p < 0.01). The administration of TBF at 400 and 800 mg per kg bw significantly elevated plasma NO and eNOS concentrations, and serum HDL-C and PGI2 levels, and lowered serum TC, TG, LDL-C, ET-1 and TX-A2 levels of TMAO-fed mice. TBF also reduced serum AST and ALT activities, and hepatic NEFA and MDA levels, and increased the hepatic GSH-Px and SOD activities in TMAO-fed mice, which were consistent with the observations of the histological alterations of the liver. This report firstly showed that dietary TMAO might cause liver damage and TBF prevented TMAO-induced vascular dysfunction and hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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131
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Akhlaghi M. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1559-1571. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
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132
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Cocoa polyphenols and fiber modify colonic gene expression in rats. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1871-1885. [PMID: 27256297 PMCID: PMC5534200 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cocoa intake has been associated with health benefits, improving cardiovascular function and metabolism, as well as modulating intestinal immune function. The aim of this study was to take an in-depth look into the mechanisms affected by the cocoa intake by evaluating the colonic gene expression after nutritional intervention, and to ascertain the role of the fiber of cocoa in these effects. Methods To achieve this, Wistar rats were fed for 3 weeks with either a reference diet, a diet containing 10 % cocoa (C10), a diet based on cocoa fiber (CF) or a diet containing inulin (I). At the end of the study, colon was excised to obtain the RNA to evaluate the differential gene expression by microarray. Results were validated by RT-PCR. Results The C10 group was the group with most changes in colonic gene expression, most of them down-regulated but a few in common with the CF diet. The C10 diet significantly up-regulated the expression of Scgb1a1 and Scnn1 g and down-regulated Tac4, Mcpt2, Fcer1a and Fabp1 by twofold, most of them related to lipid metabolism and immune function. The CF and I diets down-regulated the expression of Serpina10 and Apoa4 by twofold. Similar patterns of expression were found by PCR. Conclusion Most of the effects attributed to cocoa consumption on genes related to the immune system (B cell and mast cell functionality) and lipid metabolism in the colon tissue were due not only to its fiber content, but also to the possible contribution of polyphenols and other compounds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1230-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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133
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Qi L, Cao C, Hu L, Chen S, Zhao X, Sun C. Metabonomic analysis of the protective effect of quercetin on the toxicity induced by mixture of organophosphate pesticides in rat urine. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:494-507. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327116652460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of quercetin against the joint toxic action induced by the mixture of four organophosphate pesticides (mixture-OPs) (dimethoate, acephate, dichlorvos, and phorate) at their corresponding no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) using metabonomics. Rats were randomly divided into control, quercetin-treated, mixture-OPs-treated, and quercetin plus mixture-OPs-treated groups. Mixture-OPs and quercetin were given to the rats daily through drinking water and intragastric administration, respectively, for 90 days. The metabonomic profiles of rat urine were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). The 14 metabolites significantly changed in the treatment groups compared with the control group, including the biomarkers of OPs exposure (dimethylphosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, diethylphosphate) and the metabolites of quercetin (quercetin and isorhamnetina). The intensities of gentisic acid, creatinine, suberic acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, and citric acid significantly decreased, whereas the intensities of 7-methylguanine, estrone sulfate, and cholic acid significantly increased, in the mixture-OPs-treated group compared with the control group ( p < 0.01). The variation tendency of the aforementioned metabolites was significantly ameliorated in the high-dose quercetin (50 mg/(kg bw day)) plus mixture-OPs-treated group compared with the mixture-OPs-treated group ( p < 0.05). However, the intensities of these metabolites in the high-dose quercetin plus mixture-OPs-treated group were still significantly different from those of the control group ( p < 0.05). Results indicated that high dose of quercetin elicits a partial protective effect on the toxicity induced by mixture-OPs, including fatty acid and energy metabolism, antioxidant defense system, DNA damage, and liver and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - C Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - L Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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134
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Xu H, Zhao CF, Tian GG, Qian LR, Yu LJ. Characterization of active constituents in Pyracantha fortuneana fruit extract and their effects on hyperlipidaemia, obesity, and oxidative stress in rodents. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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135
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Naowaboot J, Wannasiri S. Anti-lipogenic effect of Senna alata leaf extract in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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136
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Zhai SW, Liu SL. Effects of Dietary Quercetin on Growth Performance, Serum Lipids Level and Body Composition of Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus). ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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137
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Kowalska K, Olejnik A. Beneficial effects of cranberry in the prevention of obesity and related complications: Metabolic syndrome and diabetes – A review. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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138
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Kao ES, Yang MY, Hung CH, Huang CN, Wang CJ. Polyphenolic extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa reduces body fat by inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and preadipocyte adipogenesis. Food Funct 2016; 7:171-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00714c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Diets high in fat lead to excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissue, which is a crucial factor in the development of obesity, hepatitis, and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erl-Shyh Kao
- Department of Beauty Science and Graduate Institute of Beauty Science Technology
- Chienkuo Technology University
- Changhua 500
- Taiwan
| | - Mon-Yuan Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung 402
- Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung 402
- Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Institute of Medicine
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung 402
- Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
- Chung Shan Medical University
- Taichung 402
- Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research
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139
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Pichiah PBT, Cha YS. Salicornia herbacea prevents weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation in obese ICR mice fed a high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:3150-3159. [PMID: 25523516 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foods that are rich in fat and or sodium chloride promote obesity and associated diseases, whereas intake of dietary fiber averts obesity development. Salicornia herbacea (SH) is a rich source of dietary fiber and high in sodium chloride; therefore, we investigated whether replacing common salt with SH in a high-fat diet could prevent obesity development. RESULTS Mice were divided into five groups: group ND was fed a normal diet, group HD was fed a high-fat diet, group HD-NaCl was fed a high fat diet with sodium chloride 10 g kg(-1) , group HD-CL was fed a high-fat diet with cellulose 30 g kg(-1) and group HD-SH was fed a high-fat diet with SH powder 50 g kg(-1) . The amount of sodium chloride and cellulose added in the respective diet was equivalent to their amount in SH. Data from our study showed that, SH supplementation significantly decreased body weight gain, liver weight, hepatic triglyceride, serum leptin and insulin, along with the mRNA level of key lipid anabolic genes such as SREBP-1c, PPARγ and FAS compared to the HD group. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that SH is a potential natural anti-obesity agent that can be used in place of sodium chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Tirupathi Pichiah
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
- Jeonju Makgeolli Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
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140
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Quercetin Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Accumulation in the Liver: Implication for Autophagy Regulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:607531. [PMID: 26697490 PMCID: PMC4678061 DOI: 10.1155/2015/607531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has indicated that high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is usually accompanied by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) deposited in the liver. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on high-fat diet-induced ox-LDL accumulation in the liver and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrate that quercetin supplementation for 24 weeks significantly alleviated high-fat diet-induced liver damage and reduced hepatic cholesterol and ox-LDL level. Quercetin notably inhibited both mRNA and protein expression of CD36 (reduced by 53% and 71%, resp.) and MSR1 (reduced by 25% and 45%, resp.), which were upregulated by high-fat diet. The expression of LC3II was upregulated by 2.4 times whereas that of p62 and mTOR was downregulated by 57% and 63% by quercetin treatment. Therefore, the significantly improved autophagy lysosomal degradation capacity for ox-LDL may be implicated in the hepatoprotective effect of quercetin; scavenger receptors mediated ox-LDL uptake might also be involved.
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141
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Kim KA, Yim JE. Antioxidative Activity of Onion Peel Extract in Obese Women: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Study. J Cancer Prev 2015; 20:202-7. [PMID: 26473159 PMCID: PMC4597809 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2015.20.3.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin, found abundantly in onion peel, has been known to have anticholesterol, antithrombotic and insulin-sensitizing properties. Here, we investigated the effect of quercetin-rich onion peel extract (OPE) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidative defense in obese woman. METHODS This study was randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Thirty-seven healthy obese participants were randomly assigned that eighteen subjects received red soft capsuled OPE (100 mg/d, 50 mg bis in die), while the other nineteen subjects received same capsuled placebo for 12 weeks. ROS production and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in plasma were determined by using ROS and SOD assay kits, respectively. RESULTS Baseline characteristics of anthropometric indicators and blood metabolic profiles were not significantly different between the two groups. Compared with baseline values, OPE consumption significantly reduced waist and hip circumference. Plasma ROS level and SOD activity were decreased in both placebo and OPE groups compared with baseline values. However, plasma ROS level in OPE group was significantly lower than in placebo group while plasma SOD activity in OPE group was significantly higher than in placebo group after 12 weeks of consumption. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that OPE consumption may exert antioxidative effect by preventing the decrease of SOD activity as well as the production of ROS in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Songwon University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
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142
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Huang TW, Chang CL, Kao ES, Lin JH. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on high fat diet-induced obesity and liver damage in hamsters. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:29018. [PMID: 26475512 PMCID: PMC4608971 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.29018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increase in adipogenesis and often accompanied with fatty liver disease. Objective In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa water extract (HSE) in vivo. Method Eight-weeks-old male mice were divided into six groups (n=8 per group) and were fed either normal feed, a high fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with different concentrations of HSE, or HFD supplemented with anthocyanin. After 10 weeks of feeding, all the blood and livers were collected for further analysis. Results Mesocricetus auratus hamster fed with a high-fat diet developed symptoms of obesity, as determined from their body weight change and from their plasma lipid levels. Meanwhile, HSE treatment reduced fat accumulation in the livers of hamsters fed with HFD in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of HSE reduced the levels of liver cholesterol and triglycerides, which were elevated by HFD. Analysis of the effect of HSE on paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant liver enzyme, revealed that HSE potentially regulates lipid peroxides and protects organs from oxidation-associated damage. The markers of liver damage such as serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels that were elevated by HFD were also reduced on HSE treatment. The effects of HSE were as effective as treatment with anthocyanin; therefore the anthocyanins present in the HSE may play a crucial role in the protection established against HFD-induced obesity. Conclusions In conclusion HSE administration constitutes an effective and viable treatment strategy against the development and consequences of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- To-Wei Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chang
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Erl-Shyh Kao
- Department of Beauty Science and Graduate Institute of Beauty Science Technology, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan;
| | - Jenq-Horng Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan;
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143
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Kim CS, Kwon Y, Choe SY, Hong SM, Yoo H, Goto T, Kawada T, Choi HS, Joe Y, Chung HT, Yu R. Quercetin reduces obesity-induced hepatosteatosis by enhancing mitochondrial oxidative metabolism via heme oxygenase-1. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2015; 12:33. [PMID: 26445592 PMCID: PMC4595266 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-015-0030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-induced hepatic lipid accumulation causes lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, and is implicated in non-alcoholic hepatic pathologies such as steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an important antioxidant enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in heme degradation, protects against oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. Here, we demonstrate that the phytochemical, quercetin, a natural polyphenol flavonoid, protects against hepatic steatosis in obese mice fed a high-fat diet, and that it does so by inducing HO-1 and stimulating increased hepatic mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a regular diet (RD), a high-fat diet (HFD), and an HFD supplemented with quercetin for 9 weeks. Levels of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolic transcripts/proteins were measured by real-time PCR and/or Western blotting. HO-1 transcripts/proteins were measured real-time PCR and/or Western blotting. RESULTS Quercetin upregulated genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in lipid-laden hepatocytes and the livers of HFD-fed obese mice, and this was accompanied by increased levels of the transcription factor, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and HO-1 protein. The HO-1 inducer hemin and the HO-1 byproduct carbon monoxide (CO) also enhanced hepatic oxidative metabolism in HFD-fed obese mice. Moreover, the metabolic changes and the lipid-lowering effects of quercetin were completely blocked by the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP and by deficiency of Nrf-2. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that quercetin stimulates hepatic mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by inducing HO-1 via the Nrf-2 pathway. Quercetin may be useful in protecting against obesity-induced hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Sook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Yoonhee Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Suck-Young Choe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Sun-Myung Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Hoon Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759 South Korea
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Teruo Kawada
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Yeonsoo Joe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Hun Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 680-749 South Korea
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144
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D'Andrea G. Quercetin: A flavonol with multifaceted therapeutic applications? Fitoterapia 2015; 106:256-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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145
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Park JS, Kim IS, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Na CS, Yoo HH. HPLC Determination of Bioactive Flavonoids in Hovenia dulcis Fruit Extracts. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 54:130-5. [PMID: 26240190 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple, accurate and reproducible reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was developed for qualitative and quantitative determination of four bioactive flavonoids (ampelopsin, taxifolin, myricetin and quercetin) from the fruit-stalk extract of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 3.5 µm) with mobile phase consisting of 0.1% acetic acid and 100% acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The analysis was performed using a diode array detector at 365 nm. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision and recovery. Good linearity was observed over the investigated concentration range (10-500 μg/mL), with correlation coefficient values greater than 0.99. The intra- and inter-day precisions over the concentration range were <3.91% (relative standard deviation), and the accuracy was between 91.57 and 106.66%. The mean recovery for all the analytes was 100.87%. This method was successfully applied in the quality assessment of bioactive flavonoids in the fruit-stalk extract of H. dulcis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Suk Park
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sook Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaheed Ur Rehman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Soo Na
- Lifetree Biotech Co., Ltd., Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 441-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
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146
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Hoek-van den Hil EF, van Schothorst EM, van der Stelt I, Swarts HJM, van Vliet M, Amolo T, Vervoort JJM, Venema D, Hollman PCH, Rietjens IMCM, Keijer J. Direct comparison of metabolic health effects of the flavonoids quercetin, hesperetin, epicatechin, apigenin and anthocyanins in high-fat-diet-fed mice. GENES & NUTRITION 2015; 10:469. [PMID: 26022682 PMCID: PMC4447677 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary flavonoid intake is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, possibly by affecting metabolic health. The relative potency of different flavonoids in causing beneficial effects on energy and lipid metabolism has not been investigated. Effects of quercetin, hesperetin, epicatechin, apigenin and anthocyanins in mice fed a high-fat diet (HF) for 12 weeks were compared, relative to normal-fat diet. HF-induced body weight gain was significantly lowered by all flavonoids (17-29 %), but most by quercetin. Quercetin significantly lowered HF-induced hepatic lipid accumulation (71 %). Mesenteric adipose tissue weight and serum leptin levels were significantly lowered by quercetin, hesperetin and anthocyanins. Adipocyte cell size and adipose tissue inflammation were not affected. The effect on body weight and composition could not be explained by individual significant effects on energy intake, energy expenditure or activity. Lipid metabolism was not changed as measured by indirect calorimetry or expression of known lipid metabolic genes in liver and white adipose tissue. Hepatic expression of Cyp2b9 was strongly downregulated by all flavonoids. In conclusion, all flavonoids lowered parameters of HF-induced adiposity, with quercetin being most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise F. Hoek-van den Hil
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />RIKILT Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Inge van der Stelt
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. M. Swarts
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjanne van Vliet
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Amolo
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dini Venema
- />RIKILT Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jaap Keijer
- />Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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147
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Doses of Quercetin in the Range of Serum Concentrations Exert Delipidating Effects in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes by Acting on Different Stages of Adipogenesis, but Not in Mature Adipocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:480943. [PMID: 26180590 PMCID: PMC4477249 DOI: 10.1155/2015/480943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Scope. To determine whether doses of quercetin in the range of serum concentrations exert any effect on triacylglycerol accumulation in maturing preadipocytes and mature adipocytes. The influence on the expression of adipogenic markers as well as on gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in triacylglycerol metabolism were assessed.
Methods and Results. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated during differentiation and mature adipocytes for 24 hours with low doses (0.1–10 µM) of quercetin. Triacylglycerol content in both cell types and free fatty acid and glycerol in the incubation medium of mature adipocytes were measured spectrophotometrically. Gene and protein expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. LPL and FAS activities were quantified. During differentiation quercetin reduced triacylglycerol content at doses from 0.5 to 10 µM. 1 µM of quercetin reduced C/EBPβ gene expression, SREBP1 mature protein levels, and PPARγ gene expression. 10 µM of quercetin reduced LPL gene expression and PPARγ and SREBP1c expression. In mature adipocytes, only 10 µM of quercetin reduced triacylglycerol content. Lipogenic FAS expression and activity were reduced at this dose. Conclusion. Quercetin, in the range of serum concentrations, is able to inhibit adipogenesis, but higher doses, at least 10 µM, are needed to reduce fat accumulation in mature adipocytes.
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148
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Stoldt AK, Derno M, Nürnberg G, Weitzel JM, Otten W, Starke A, Wolffram S, Metges CC. Effects of a 6-wk intraduodenal supplementation with quercetin on energy metabolism and indicators of liver damage in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:4509-20. [PMID: 25935242 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Periparturient dairy cows experience metabolic challenges that result in a negative energy balance (EB) and a range of postpartum health problems. To compensate for the negative EB, cows mobilize fatty acids from adipose tissues, which can lead to fatty liver disease, a periparturient metabolic disorder. Flavonoids, such as quercetin (Q), are polyphenolic substances found in all higher plants and have hepatoprotective potential and the ability to prevent or reduce lipid accumulation in the liver. In ruminants, few studies on the metabolic effects of Q are available, and thus this study was conducted to determine whether Q has beneficial effects on EB, lipid metabolism, and hepatoprotective effects in periparturient dairy cows. Quercetin was supplemented intraduodenally to circumvent Q degradation in the rumen. Cows (n=10) with duodenal fistulas were monitored for 7wk. Beginning 3wk before expected calving, 5 cows were treated with 100mg of quercetin dihydrate per kilogram of body weight daily in a 0.9% sodium chloride solution for a total period of 6wk, whereas the control cows received only the sodium chloride solution. The plasma flavonoid levels were higher in the Q-treated cows than in the control cows. A tendency for higher postpartum (pp) than antepartum (ap) plasma flavonoid levels was observed in the Q-treated cows than in the controls, which was potentially caused by a reduced capacity to metabolize Q. However, the metabolic status of the Q-treated cows did not differ from that of the control cows. The pp increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were less in the Q-treated cows than in the control cows. The Q had no effect on energy expenditures, but from ap to pp the cows had a slight decline in respiratory quotients. Irrespective of the treatment group, the oxidation of fat peaked after calving, suggesting that the increase occurred because of an increased supply of fatty acids from lipomobilization. In conclusion, supplementation with Q resulted in lower pp plasma aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase, which indicated reduced liver damage. However, the direct effects of Q on the liver and the implications for animal performance remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Stoldt
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner,", Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Michael Derno
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner,", Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Nürnberg
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Joachim M Weitzel
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Winfried Otten
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Starke
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Wolffram
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Cornelia C Metges
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner,", Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Van De Wier B, Koek GH, Bast A, Haenen GRMM. The potential of flavonoids in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 57:834-855. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.952399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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150
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Pisonero-Vaquero S, Martínez-Ferreras Á, García-Mediavilla MV, Martínez-Flórez S, Fernández A, Benet M, Olcoz JL, Jover R, González-Gallego J, Sánchez-Campos S. Quercetin ameliorates dysregulation of lipid metabolism genes via the PI3K/AKT pathway in a diet-induced mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:879-93. [PMID: 25712622 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Flavonoids and related compounds seem to have favorable effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression, although the exact mechanisms implicated are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the flanovol quercetin on gene expression deregulation involved in the development of NAFLD, as well as the possible implication of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway modulation. METHODS AND RESULTS We used an in vivo model based on methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mice and an in vitro model consisting of Huh7 cells incubated with MCD medium. MCD-fed mice showed classical pathophysiological characteristics of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, associated with altered transcriptional regulation of fatty acid uptake- and trafficking-related gene expression, with increased lipoperoxidation. PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by MCD and triggered gene deregulation causing either activation or inhibition of all studied genes as demonstrated through cell incubation with the PI3K-inhibitor LY294002. Treatment with quercetin reduced AKT phosphorylation, and oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation and lipid metabolism-related genes displayed a tendency to normalize in both in vivo and in vitro models. CONCLUSION These results place quercetin as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing NAFLD progression by attenuating gene expression deregulation, at least in part through PI3K/AKT pathway inactivation.
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