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Synergistic effects of BMP-2, BMP-6 or BMP-7 with human plasma fibronectin onto hydroxyapatite coatings: A comparative study. Acta Biomater 2017; 55:481-492. [PMID: 28434979 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Design of new osteoinductive biomaterials to reproduce an optimized physiological environment capable of recruiting stem cells and instructing their fate towards the osteoblastic lineage has become a priority in orthopaedic surgery. This work aims at evaluating the bioactivity of BMP combined with human plasma fibronectin (FN/BMP) delivered in solution or coated onto titanium-hydroxyapatite (TiHA) surfaces. Herein, we focus on the comparison of in vitro osteogenic efficacy in mouse C2C12 pre-osteoblasts of three BMP members, namely: BMP-2, BMP-6 and BMP-7. In parallel, we evaluated the molecular binding strength between each BMP with FN using the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology. The affinity of BMPs for FN was found totally different and dependent on BMP type. Indeed, the combination of FN with BMP-2 on TiHA surfaces potentiates the burst of gene-mediated osteogenic induction, while it prolongs the osteogenic activity of BMP-6 and surprisingly annihilates the BMP-7 one. These results correlate with FN/BMP affinity for TiHA, since BMP-6>BMP-2>BMP-7. In addition, by analyzing the osteogenic activity in the peri-implant environment, we showed that osteoinductive paracrine effects were significantly decreased upon (FN/BMP-6), as opposed to (FN/BMP-2) coatings. Altogether, our results support the use of FN/BMP-6 to develop a biomimetic microenvironment capable to induce osteogenic activity under physiological conditions, with minimum paracrine signalization. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The originality of our paper relies on the first direct comparison of the in vitro osteogenic potential of three osteogenic BMPs (BMP-2, -6 and -7) combined with native human plasma fibronectin delivered in solution or coated by laser transfer onto titanium hydroxyapatite surfaces. We confirm that BMP association with fibronectin enhances the osteogenic activity of BMP-2, -6 and -7, but with essential discrepancies, depending on the BMP member, and in agreement with the affinity of BMPs for fibronectin. Moreover, we bring elements to explain the origin of the BMP-2 medical life-threatening side-effects by analyzing in vitro paracrine effects. Finally, this work supports the alternative use of FN/BMP-6 to induce osteogenic activity under physiological conditions, with minimum side effects.
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Roseti L, Parisi V, Petretta M, Cavallo C, Desando G, Bartolotti I, Grigolo B. Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: State of the art and new perspectives. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1246-1262. [PMID: 28575964 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 644] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review is intended to give a state of the art description of scaffold-based strategies utilized in Bone Tissue Engineering. Numerous scaffolds have been tested in the orthopedic field with the aim of improving cell viability, attachment, proliferation and homing, osteogenic differentiation, vascularization, host integration and load bearing. The main traits that characterize a scaffold suitable for bone regeneration concerning its biological requirements, structural features, composition, and types of fabrication are described in detail. Attention is then focused on conventional and Rapid Prototyping scaffold manufacturing techniques. Conventional manufacturing approaches are subtractive methods where parts of the material are removed from an initial block to achieve the desired shape. Rapid Prototyping techniques, introduced to overcome standard techniques limitations, are additive fabrication processes that manufacture the final three-dimensional object via deposition of overlying layers. An important improvement is the possibility to create custom-made products by means of computer assisted technologies, starting from patient's medical images. As a conclusion, it is highlighted that, despite its encouraging results, the clinical approach of Bone Tissue Engineering has not taken place on a large scale yet, due to the need of more in depth studies, its high manufacturing costs and the difficulty to obtain regulatory approval. PUBMED search terms utilized to write this review were: "Bone Tissue Engineering", "regenerative medicine", "bioactive scaffolds", "biomimetic scaffolds", "3D printing", "3D bioprinting", "vascularization" and "dentistry".
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Roseti
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Valentina Parisi
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mauro Petretta
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carola Cavallo
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Desando
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Isabella Bartolotti
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT - Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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103
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Fernandes JS, Gentile P, Crawford A, Pires RA, Hatton PV, Reis RL. * Substituted Borosilicate Glasses with Improved Osteogenic Capacity for Bone Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:1331-1342. [PMID: 28346797 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Borosilicate bioactive glasses (BBGs) have shown the capacity to promote higher formation of new bone when compared with silicate bioactive glasses. Herein, we assessed the capacity of BBGs to induce osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as a function of their substituted divalent cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+). To this purpose, we synthesized BBG particles by melt quenching. The cell viability, proliferation, and morphology (i.e., PrestoBlue®, PicoGreen®, and DAPI and Phalloidin stainings, respectively), as well as protein expression (i.e., alkaline phosphatase, ALP; osteopontin, OP; and osteocalcin, OC), of BM-MSCs in contact with BBGs were evaluated for 21 days. We observed an enhanced expression of bone-specific proteins (ALP, OP, and OC) and high mineralization of BM-MSCs under BBG-Mg and BBG-Sr-conditioned osteogenic media for concentrations of 20 and 50 mg/mL with low cytotoxic effects. Moreover, BBG-Sr, at a concentration of 50 mg/mL, was able to increase the mineralization and expression of the same bone-specific proteins even under basal medium conditions. These results indicated that the proposed BBGs improved osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs, therefore showing their potential as relevant biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration, not only by bonding to bone tissue but also by stimulating new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- João S Fernandes
- 1 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal .,2 ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- 3 Bioengineering and Health Technologies Research Group, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Aileen Crawford
- 3 Bioengineering and Health Technologies Research Group, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo A Pires
- 1 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal .,2 ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paul V Hatton
- 3 Bioengineering and Health Technologies Research Group, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rui L Reis
- 1 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal .,2 ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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104
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Dozza B, Lesci IG, Duchi S, Della Bella E, Martini L, Salamanna F, Falconi M, Cinotti S, Fini M, Lucarelli E, Donati D. When size matters: differences in demineralized bone matrix particles affect collagen structure, mesenchymal stem cell behavior, and osteogenic potential. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:1019-1033. [PMID: 27943619 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a natural, collagen-based, osteoinductive biomaterial. Nevertheless, there are conflicting reports on the efficacy of this product. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether DBM collagen structure is affected by particle size and can influence DBM cytocompatibility and osteoinductivity. Sheep cortical bone was ground and particles were divided in three fractions with different sizes, defined as large (L, 1-2 mm), medium (M, 0.5-1 mm), and small (S, <0.5 mm). After demineralization, the chemical-physical analysis clearly showed a particle size-dependent alteration in collagen structure, with DBM-M being altered but not as much as DBM-S. DBM-M displayed a preferable trend in almost all biological characteristics tested, although all DBM particles revealed an optimal cytocompatibility. Subcutaneous implantation of DBM particles into immunocompromised mice resulted in bone induction only for DBM-M. When sheep MSC were seeded onto particles before implantation, all DBM particles were able to induce new bone formation with the best incidence for DBM-M and DBM-S. In conclusion, the collagen alteration in DBM-M is likely the best condition to promote bone induction in vivo. Furthermore, the choice of 0.5-1 mm particles may enable to obtain more efficient and consistent results among different research groups in bone tissue-engineering applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1019-1033, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dozza
- Osteoarticolar Regeneration Laboratory, 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via G. C. Pupilli 1, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - I G Lesci
- WAPH Technology Corp. 1920 N Commerce Parkway, Weston, Florida, 33326
| | - S Duchi
- Osteoarticolar Regeneration Laboratory, 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - E Della Bella
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via G. Massarenti 9, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - L Martini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - F Salamanna
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - M Falconi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Division of Human Anatomy, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - S Cinotti
- Cell Culture Centre, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via Bianchi 9, Brescia, 25124, Italy
| | - M Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - E Lucarelli
- Osteoarticolar Regeneration Laboratory, 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - D Donati
- Osteoarticolar Regeneration Laboratory, 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via G. C. Pupilli 1, Bologna, 40136, Italy
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105
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Maisani M, Pezzoli D, Chassande O, Mantovani D. Cellularizing hydrogel-based scaffolds to repair bone tissue: How to create a physiologically relevant micro-environment? J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417712073. [PMID: 28634532 PMCID: PMC5467968 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417712073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising alternative to autografts or allografts for the regeneration of large bone defects. Cell-free biomaterials with different degrees of sophistication can be used for several therapeutic indications, to stimulate bone repair by the host tissue. However, when osteoprogenitors are not available in the damaged tissue, exogenous cells with an osteoblast differentiation potential must be provided. These cells should have the capacity to colonize the defect and to participate in the building of new bone tissue. To achieve this goal, cells must survive, remain in the defect site, eventually proliferate, and differentiate into mature osteoblasts. A critical issue for these engrafted cells is to be fed by oxygen and nutrients: the transient absence of a vascular network upon implantation is a major challenge for cells to survive in the site of implantation, and different strategies can be followed to promote cell survival under poor oxygen and nutrient supply and to promote rapid vascularization of the defect area. These strategies involve the use of scaffolds designed to create the appropriate micro-environment for cells to survive, proliferate, and differentiate in vitro and in vivo. Hydrogels are an eclectic class of materials that can be easily cellularized and provide effective, minimally invasive approaches to fill bone defects and favor bone tissue regeneration. Furthermore, by playing on their composition and processing, it is possible to obtain biocompatible systems with adequate chemical, biological, and mechanical properties. However, only a good combination of scaffold and cells, possibly with the aid of incorporated growth factors, can lead to successful results in bone regeneration. This review presents the strategies used to design cellularized hydrogel-based systems for bone regeneration, identifying the key parameters of the many different micro-environments created within hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Maisani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Laboratoire BioTis, Inserm U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniele Pezzoli
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Chassande
- Laboratoire BioTis, Inserm U1026, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials & Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Research Center CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada
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106
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Zhang Q, Schmelzer E, Gerlach JC, Nettleship I. A microstructural study of the degradation and calcium release from hydroxyapatite-calcium oxide ceramics made by infiltration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 73:684-691. [PMID: 28183661 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite pellets, partially densified in a low-temperature heat treatment, were infiltrated with calcium nitrate solution followed by in-situ precipitation of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3. The infiltrated bodies were then densified to high relative density and the calcium carbonate transformed to calcium oxide during sintering and resulted in biphasic hydroxyapatite-CaO ceramics. This work investigated the influence of the infiltration on surface morphology, weight change, and microstructural-level degradation caused by exposure to saline at pH=7.4 and a temperature of 20°C. The CaO rendered the materials more susceptible to degradation, and released calcium into the saline faster than single phase, calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (HA) that were used as a control. In consequence, these ceramics could be used to release calcium into the culture microenvironments of bone tissue or bone marrow cells next to a scaffold surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Eva Schmelzer
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3025 East Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA
| | - Jörg C Gerlach
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3025 East Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA; Department of Bioengineering, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 3700 O'hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ian Nettleship
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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107
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Saravanan S, Selvamurugan N. Bioactive mesoporous wollastonite particles for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2016; 7:2041731416680319. [PMID: 27928496 PMCID: PMC5131810 DOI: 10.1177/2041731416680319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The current investigation was aimed at identifying the role of mesoporous wollastonite particles on the healing of rat tibial bone defect. The bone defect was created with a 3-mm-diameter dental drill, and it was filled with mesoporous wollastonite particles. After second and fourth weeks of filling treatments, it was found that mesoporous wollastonite particles promoted bone formation as evidenced by X-ray, histological, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive spectra studies. X-ray study showed the closure of drill hole as seen by high-dense radio-opacity image. Histological analysis depicted the deposition of collagen in the bone defect area in response to mesoporous wollastonite particles’ treatment. Scanning electron microscope–energy-dispersive spectra analyses of the sectioned implants also identified the deposition of apatite by these particles. Thus, our results suggested that mesoporous wollastonite particles have bioactive properties, and they can be used as a suitable filling material for promotion of bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, India; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, St. Boniface Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, India
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108
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Lambert F, Bacevic M, Layrolle P, Schüpbach P, Drion P, Rompen E. Impact of biomaterial microtopography on bone regeneration: comparison of three hydroxyapatites. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:e201-e207. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- France Lambert
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - Miljana Bacevic
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU); Faculty of Medicine; University of Liege; Liège Belgium
- Clinic of Oral Surgery; School of Dental Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- Inserm U957; Laboratory of Physiopathology of Bone Resorption; Faculty of Medicine; University of Nantes; Liège France
| | - Peter Schüpbach
- University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
- Regents University; Augusta GA USA
| | - Pierre Drion
- Central Animal Facility; Giga-R; University of Liege; Liège Belgium
| | - Eric Rompen
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
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109
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Raina DB, Gupta A, Petersen MM, Hettwer W, McNally M, Tägil M, Zheng MH, Kumar A, Lidgren L. Muscle as an osteoinductive niche for local bone formation with the use of a biphasic calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite biomaterial. Bone Joint Res 2016; 5:500-511. [PMID: 27784668 PMCID: PMC5108354 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.510.bjr-2016-0133.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We have observed clinical cases where bone is formed in the overlaying muscle covering surgically created bone defects treated with a hydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate biomaterial. Our objective was to investigate the osteoinductive potential of the biomaterial and to determine if growth factors secreted from local bone cells induce osteoblastic differentiation of muscle cells. Materials and Methods We seeded mouse skeletal muscle cells C2C12 on the hydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate biomaterial and the phenotype of the cells was analysed. To mimic surgical conditions with leakage of extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins and growth factors, we cultured rat bone cells ROS 17/2.8 in a bioreactor and harvested the secreted proteins. The secretome was added to rat muscle cells L6. The phenotype of the muscle cells after treatment with the media was assessed using immunostaining and light microscopy. Results C2C12 cells differentiated into osteoblast-like cells expressing prominent bone markers after seeding on the biomaterial. The conditioned media of the ROS 17/2.8 contained bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2 8.4 ng/mg, standard deviation (sd) 0.8) and BMP-7 (50.6 ng/mg, sd 2.2). In vitro, this secretome induced differentiation of skeletal muscle cells L6 towards an osteogenic lineage. Conclusion Extra cellular matrix proteins and growth factors leaking from a bone cavity, along with a ceramic biomaterial, can synergistically enhance the process of ectopic ossification. The overlaying muscle acts as an osteoinductive niche, and provides the required cells for bone formation. Cite this article: D. B. Raina, A. Gupta, M. M. Petersen, W. Hettwer, M. McNally, M. Tägil, M-H. Zheng, A. Kumar, L. Lidgren. Muscle as an osteoinductive niche for local bone formation with the use of a biphasic calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite biomaterial. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:500–511. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.510.BJR-2016-0133.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Raina
- Department of Orthopaedics, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - M M Petersen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - W Hettwer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - M McNally
- Oxford University Hospital, NHS Trust, Nuffield Orthopedic Centre, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - M Tägil
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - M-H Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - L Lidgren
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 221 85, Sweden
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110
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Calcium Phosphates and Angiogenesis: Implications and Advances for Bone Regeneration. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:983-992. [PMID: 27481474 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are among the most utilized synthetic biomaterials for bone regeneration, largely owing to their established osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. While angiogenesis is a crucial prerequisite to bone formation, research and applications for CaPs have not appreciated its crucial role. This review discusses how CaPs influence angiogenesis, and highlights promising strategies that address this topic. The objective is to draw attention to the gap in the literature and to highlight the importance of angiogenesis in CaP research, development, and use.
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111
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Offermanns V, Andersen OZ, Riede G, Andersen IH, Almtoft KP, Sørensen S, Sillassen M, Jeppesen CS, Rasse M, Foss M, Kloss F. Bone regenerating effect of surface-functionalized titanium implants with sustained-release characteristics of strontium in ovariectomized rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2431-42. [PMID: 27313456 PMCID: PMC4892864 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since strontium (Sr) is known for its anabolic and anticatabolic effect on bone, research has been focused on its potential impact on osseointegration. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of nanotopographic implants with a Sr-functionalized titanium (Ti) coating (Ti–Sr–O) with respect to osseointegration in osteoporotic bone. The trial was designed to examine the effect of sustained-release characteristics of Sr in poor-quality bone. Three Ti–Sr–O groups, which differed from each other in coating thickness, Sr contents, and Sr release, were examined. These were prepared by a magnetron sputtering process and compared to uncoated grade 4 Ti. Composition, morphology, and mechanical stability of the coatings were analyzed, and Sr release data were gained from in vitro washout experiments. In vivo investigation was carried out in an osteoporotic rat model and analyzed histologically, 6 weeks and 12 weeks after implantation. Median values of bone-to-implant contact and new bone formation after 6 weeks were found to be 84.7% and 54.9% (best performing Sr group) as compared to 65.2% and 23.8% (grade 4 Ti reference), respectively. The 12-week observation period revealed 84.3% and 56.5% (best performing Sr group) and 81.3% and 39.4% (grade 4 Ti reference), respectively, for the same measurements. The increase in new bone formation was found to correlate with the amount of Sr released in vitro. The results indicate that sputtered nanostructured Ti–Sr–O coatings showed sustained release of Sr and accelerate osseointegration even in poor-quality bone, and thus, may have impact on practical applications for medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Offermanns
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ole Zoffmann Andersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregor Riede
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Søren Sørensen
- Tribology Centre, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Sillassen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Rasse
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Morten Foss
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frank Kloss
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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A Biphasic Calcium Sulphate/Hydroxyapatite Carrier Containing Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 and Zoledronic Acid Generates Bone. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26033. [PMID: 27189411 PMCID: PMC4870695 DOI: 10.1038/srep26033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In orthopedic surgery, large amount of diseased or injured bone routinely needs to be replaced. Autografts are mainly used but their availability is limited. Commercially available bone substitutes allow bone ingrowth but lack the capacity to induce bone formation. Thus, off-the-shelf osteoinductive bone substitutes that can replace bone grafts are required. We tested the carrier properties of a biphasic, calcium sulphate and hydroxyapatite ceramic material, containing a combination of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to induce bone, and zoledronic acid (ZA) to delay early resorption. In-vitro, the biphasic material released 90% of rhBMP-2 and 10% of ZA in the first week. No major changes were found in the surface structure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or in the mechanical properties after adding rhBMP-2 or ZA. In-vivo bone formation was studied in an abdominal muscle pouch model in rats (n = 6/group). The mineralized volume was significantly higher when the biphasic material was combined with both rhBMP-2 and ZA (21.4 ± 5.5 mm3) as compared to rhBMP-2 alone (10.9 ± 2.1 mm3) when analyzed using micro computed tomography (μ-CT) (p < 0.01). In the clinical setting, the biphasic material combined with both rhBMP-2 and ZA can potentially regenerate large volumes of bone.
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Meagher MJ, Weiss-Bilka HE, Best ME, Boerckel JD, Wagner DR, Roeder RK. Acellular hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffolds support angiogenesis and osteogenic gene expression in an ectopic murine model: Effects of hydroxyapatite volume fraction. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2178-88. [PMID: 27112109 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acellular hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced collagen scaffolds were previously reported to induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis after ectopic implantation but the effect of the HA volume fraction was not investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HA volume fraction on in vivo angiogenesis and osteogenesis in acellular collagen scaffolds containing 0, 20, and 40 vol % HA after subcutaneous ectopic implantation for up to 12 weeks in mice. Endogenous cell populations were able to completely and uniformly infiltrate the entire scaffold within 6 weeks independent of the HA content, but the cell density was increased in scaffolds containing HA versus collagen alone. Angiogenesis, remodeling of the original scaffold matrix, mineralization, and osteogenic gene expression were evident in scaffolds containing HA, but were not observed in collagen scaffolds. Moreover, HA promoted a dose-dependent increase in measured vascular density, cell density, matrix deposition, and mineralization. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that HA promoted the recruitment and differentiation of endogenous cell populations to support angiogenic and osteogenic activity in collagen scaffolds after subcutaneous ectopic implantation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2178-2188, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Meagher
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556
| | - Holly E Weiss-Bilka
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556
| | - Margaret E Best
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556
| | - Joel D Boerckel
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556
| | - Diane R Wagner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Ryan K Roeder
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556
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Papageorgiou SN, Papageorgiou PN, Deschner J, Götz W. Comparative effectiveness of natural and synthetic bone grafts in oral and maxillofacial surgery prior to insertion of dental implants: Systematic review and network meta-analysis of parallel and cluster randomized controlled trials. J Dent 2016; 48:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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115
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Osteogenic gene array of osteoblasts cultured on a novel osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate bone grafting material. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:801-808. [PMID: 27105860 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, novel biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds have emerged as a new class of bone grafts with osteoinductive potential demonstrating the ability to form ectopic bone in extra-skeletal sites. The aim of the present study was to perform an osteogenic gene array to target possible genes responsible for eliciting the changes in cell expression responsible for inducing osteoblast differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human MG63 osteoblast-like cells were seeded for 24 h on tissue culture plastic or osteoinductive BCP particles and analyzed for upregulated genes using an osteogenesis super-array. Osteoblast-related genes including those transcribed during bone mineralization, bone metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, as well as gene products representing extracellular matrix molecules, transcription factors, and cell adhesion molecules were investigated. RESULTS An upregulation of genes transcribing biglycan (1.7-fold), bone morphogenetic proteins 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 (1.5-2.1-fold), various collagen isoforms including 1a1, 1a2, 2a1, and 5a1 (1.73-2.72-fold), colony stimulating factor 2 (2.59-fold), fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (1.79-fold), fibronectin (2.56-fold), integrin alpha 1, 2, and 3 (1.82-2.24-fold), SOX9 (2.75-fold), transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (1.72-fold), vitamin D (1.89-fold), and vascular endothelial growth factor A and B (2.00, 1.75-fold) were all significantly (p < 0.05) increased on BCP particles when compared to control tissue culture plastic. CONCLUSION In summary, a number of activated genes were involved in bone formation following osteoblast attachment to BCP particles. The involvement of key chondrogenic genes hints that bone grafts capable of spontaneously inducing ectopic bone formation may implicate endochondral ossification. Further investigations in the triggered pathways involved in the process of ectopic bone formation are necessary to understand the key inductive properties of these novel osteoinductive BCP particles. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Novel osteoinductive BCP particles demonstrate a wide range of significant increases over several key molecules implicated in osteogenesis that may be implicated in their ability to form ectopic bone formation.
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116
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Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A, Passanha P, Esteves SR, Jhurry D. Third generation poly(hydroxyacid) composite scaffolds for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:1667-1684. [PMID: 27080439 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering based on scaffolds is quite a complex process as a whole gamut of criteria needs to be satisfied to promote cellular attachment, proliferation and differentiation: biocompatibility, right surface properties, adequate mechanical performance, controlled bioresorbability, osteoconductivity, angiogenic cues, and vascularization. Third generation scaffolds are more of composite types to maximize biological-mechanical-chemical properties. In the present review, our focus is on the performance of micro-organism-derived polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV)-composite scaffolds with ceramics and natural polymers for tissue engineering applications with emphasis on bone tissue. We particularly emphasize on how material properties of the composites affect scaffold performance. PHA-based composites have demonstrated their biocompatibility with a range of tissues and their capacity to induce osteogenesis due to their piezoelectric properties. Electrospun PHB/PHBV fiber mesh in combination with human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) were shown to improve vascularization in engineered bone tissues. For nerve and skin tissue engineering applications, natural polymers such as collagen and chitosan remain the gold standard but there is scope for development of scaffolds combining PHAs with other natural polymers which can address some of the limitations such as brittleness, lack of bioactivity and slow degradation rate presented by the latter. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 1667-1684, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Pearl Passanha
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales, CF37 1DL, UK
| | - Sandra R Esteves
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales, CF37 1DL, UK
| | - Dhanjay Jhurry
- Centre for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research, University of Mauritius, MSIRI Building, Réduit, Mauritius
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117
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A Three-Dimensional Scaffold-Based System for Modeling the Bone Marrow Tissue. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:492-8. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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118
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A Novel HA/β-TCP-Collagen Composite Enhanced New Bone Formation for Dental Extraction Socket Preservation in Beagle Dogs. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9030191. [PMID: 28773317 PMCID: PMC5456700 DOI: 10.3390/ma9030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Past studies in humans have demonstrated horizontal and vertical bone loss after six months following tooth extraction. Many biomaterials have been developed to preserve bone volume after tooth extraction. Type I collagen serves as an excellent delivery system for growth factors and promotes angiogenesis. Calcium phosphate ceramics have also been investigated because their mineral chemistry resembles human bone. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a novel bioresorbable purified fibrillar collagen and hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) ceramic composite versus collagen alone and a bovine xenograft-collagen composite in beagles. Collagen plugs, bovine graft-collagen composite and HA/β-TCP-collagen composite were implanted into the left and right first, second and third mandibular premolars, and the fourth molar was left empty for natural healing. In total, 20 male beagle dogs were used, and quantitative and histological analyses of the extraction ridge was done. The smallest width reduction was 19.09% ± 8.81% with the HA/β-TCP-collagen composite at Week 8, accompanied by new bone formation at Weeks 4 and 8. The HA/β-TCP-collagen composite performed well, as a new osteoconductive and biomimetic composite biomaterial, for socket bone preservation after tooth extraction.
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Sing SL, An J, Yeong WY, Wiria FE. Laser and electron-beam powder-bed additive manufacturing of metallic implants: A review on processes, materials and designs. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:369-85. [PMID: 26488900 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), also commonly known as 3D printing, allows the direct fabrication of functional parts with complex shapes from digital models. In this review, the current progress of two AM processes suitable for metallic orthopaedic implant applications, namely selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are presented. Several critical design factors such as the need for data acquisition for patient-specific design, design dependent porosity for osteo-inductive implants, surface topology of the implants and design for reduction of stress-shielding in implants are discussed. Additive manufactured biomaterials such as 316L stainless steel, titanium-6aluminium-4vanadium (Ti6Al4V) and cobalt-chromium (CoCr) are highlighted. Limitations and future potential of such technologies are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Leong Sing
- SIMTech-NTU Joint Laboratory (3D Additive Manufacturing), Nanyang Technological University, HW3-01-01, 65A Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637333.,Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, HW1-01-05, 2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372
| | - Jia An
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, HW1-01-05, 2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- SIMTech-NTU Joint Laboratory (3D Additive Manufacturing), Nanyang Technological University, HW3-01-01, 65A Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637333.,Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, HW1-01-05, 2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372
| | - Florencia Edith Wiria
- SIMTech-NTU Joint Laboratory (3D Additive Manufacturing), Nanyang Technological University, HW3-01-01, 65A Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637333.,Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075
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Abstract
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.
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Ramezanifard R, Seyedjafari E, Ardeshirylajimi A, Soleimani M. Biomimetic scaffolds containing nanofibers coated with willemite nanoparticles for improvement of stem cell osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 62:398-406. [PMID: 26952439 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, discovering osteogenesis stimulating effectors is one of the major topics in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, the proliferation rate and osteogenic differentiation potency of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) cultured on poly (l-lactide acid) (PLLA) and willemite-coated PLLA were investigated by MTT assay and common osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium mineral deposition and bone-related genes expression. Willemite-coated PLLA showed a higher proliferation support to AT-MSCs in comparison to PLLA and TCPS. During the period of study, AT-MSCs cultured on willemite-coated PLLA scaffolds exhibited the greatest ALP activity and mineralization. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that the highest expression of four important osteogenic-related genes, osteonectin, Runx2, collagen type 1 and osteocalcin was observed in stem cells cultured on willemite-coated PLLA nanofibrous scaffolds. According to the results, willemite-coated PLLA could be a suitable substrate to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and holds promising potential for bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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123
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Miri AK, Muja N, Kamranpour NO, Lepry WC, Boccaccini AR, Clarke SA, Nazhat SN. Ectopic bone formation in rapidly fabricated acellular injectable dense collagen-Bioglass hybrid scaffolds via gel aspiration-ejection. Biomaterials 2016; 85:128-41. [PMID: 26871889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gel aspiration-ejection (GAE) has recently been introduced as an effective technique for the rapid production of injectable dense collagen (IDC) gel scaffolds with tunable collagen fibrillar densities (CFDs) and microstructures. Herein, a GAE system was applied for the advanced production and delivery of IDC and IDC-Bioglass(®) (IDC-BG) hybrid gel scaffolds for potential bone tissue engineering applications. The efficacy of GAE in generating mineralizable IDC-BG gels (from an initial 75-25 collagen-BG ratio) produced through needle gauge numbers 8G (3.4 mm diameter and 6 wt% CFD) and 14G (1.6 mm diameter and 14 wt% CFD) was investigated. Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of as-made gels revealed an increase in collagen fibril alignment with needle gauge number. In vitro mineralization of IDC-BG gels was confirmed where carbonated hydroxyapatite was detected as early as day 1 in simulated body fluid, which progressively increased up to day 14. In vivo mineralization of, and host response to, acellular IDC and IDC-BG gel scaffolds were further investigated following subcutaneous injection in adult rats. Mineralization, neovascularization and cell infiltration into the scaffolds was enhanced by the addition of BG and at day 21 post injection, there was evidence of remodelling of granulation tissue into woven bone-like tissue in IDC-BG. SHG imaging of explanted scaffolds indicated collagen fibril remodelling through cell infiltration and mineralization over time. In sum, the results suggest that IDC-BG hybrid gels have osteoinductive properties and potentially offer a novel therapeutic approach for procedures requiring the injectable delivery of a malleable and dynamic bone graft that mineralizes under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir K Miri
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Naser Muja
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Neysan O Kamranpour
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - William C Lepry
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susan A Clarke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Showan N Nazhat
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada.
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Coathup MJ, Blunn GW, Campion C, Ho CY, Hing KA. The effect of increased microporosity on bone formation within silicate-substituted scaffolds in an ovine posterolateral spinal fusion model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:805-814. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Jean Coathup
- The Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon William Blunn
- The Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie Campion
- Department of Materials, School of Engineering and Materials, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- ApaTech Ltd., 370 Centennial Avenue, Centennial Park, Elstree, Herts, WD6 3TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Chih-Yuan Ho
- The Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Angela Hing
- Department of Materials, School of Engineering and Materials, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Maté Sánchez de Val JE, Calvo-Guirado JL, Gómez-Moreno G, Pérez-Albacete Martínez C, Mazón P, De Aza PN. Influence of hydroxyapatite granule size, porosity, and crystallinity on tissue reaction in vivo. Part A: synthesis, characterization of the materials, and SEM analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015; 27:1331-1338. [PMID: 26666991 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was the synthesis and analysis of the tissue reaction to three different Hydroxyapatite (HA)-based bone substitute materials differing only in granule size, porosity, and crystallinity through an animal experimental model at 60 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different HA-based biomaterials were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, and EDS analysis, the resultant product was ground in three particle sizes: Group I (2000-4000 μm), Group II (1000-2000 μm), and Group III (600-1000 μm). Critical size defects were created in both tibias of 15 rabbits. Four defects per rabbit for a total of 60 defects were grafted with the synthesized materials as follows: Group I (15 defects), Group II (15 defects), Group III (15 defects), and empty (15 defects control). After animals sacrifice at 60 days samples were obtained and processed for SEM and EDS evaluation of Ca/P ratios, elemental mapping was performed to determine the chemical degradation process and changes to medullary composition in all the four study groups. RESULTS The tendency for the density was to increase with the increasing annealing temperature; in this way it was possible to observe that the sample that shows highest crystallinity and crystal size corresponding to that of group I. The SEM morphological examination showed that group III implant showed numerous resorption regions, group II implant presented an average resorption rate of all the implants. The group I displayed smoother surface features, in comparison with the other two implants. CONCLUSION The data from this study show that changing the size, porosity, and crystallinity of one HA-based bone substitute material can influence the integration of the biomaterials within the implantation site and the new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José L Calvo-Guirado
- International Research Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gerardo Gómez-Moreno
- Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Pharmacological Research in Dentistry Group, Special Care in Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Mazón
- Departamento de Materiales, Óptica y Tecnologia Electrónica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Piedad N De Aza
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. Universidad s/n, Elche (Alicante), Spain
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García-Gareta E, Coathup MJ, Blunn GW. Osteoinduction of bone grafting materials for bone repair and regeneration. Bone 2015; 81:112-121. [PMID: 26163110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma, infection, tumours or inherent genetic disorders is a clinical challenge that usually necessitates bone grafting materials. Autologous bone or autograft is still considered the clinical "gold standard" and the most effective method for bone regeneration. However, limited bone supply and donor site morbidity are the most important disadvantages of autografting. Improved biomaterials are needed to match the performance of autograft as this is still superior to that of synthetic bone grafts. Osteoinductive materials would be the perfect candidates for achieving this task. The aim of this article is to review the different groups of bone substitutes in terms of their most recently reported osteoinductive properties. The different factors influencing osteoinductivity by biomaterials as well as the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are also presented, showing that it is very limited compared to osteoinductivity shown by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Therefore, a new term to describe osteoinductivity by biomaterials is proposed. Different strategies for adding osteoinductivity (BMPs, stem cells) to bone substitutes are also discussed. The overall objective of this paper is to gather the current knowledge on osteoinductivity of bone grafting materials for the effective development of new graft substitutes that enhance bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena García-Gareta
- RAFT Institute of Plastic Surgery, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood HA6 2RN, UK.
| | - Melanie J Coathup
- John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Gordon W Blunn
- John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore HA7 4LP, UK
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Zhang Q, Dong H, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zeng L, Gao H, Yuan B, Chen X, Mao C. Microgrooved Polymer Substrates Promote Collective Cell Migration To Accelerate Fracture Healing in an in Vitro Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23336-45. [PMID: 26457873 PMCID: PMC4934131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography can affect cell adhesion, morphology, polarity, cytoskeleton organization, and osteogenesis. However, little is known about the effect of topography on the fracture healing in repairing nonunion and large bone defects. Microgrooved topography on the surface of bone implants may promote cell migration into the fracture gap to accelerate fracture healing. To prove this hypothesis, we used an in vitro fracture (wound) healing assay on the microgrooved polycaprolactone substrates to study the effect of microgroove widths and depths on the osteoblast-like cell (MG-63) migration and the subsequent healing. We found that the microgrooved substrates promoted MG-63 cells to migrate collectively into the wound gap, which serves as a fracture model, along the grooves and ridges as compared with the flat substrates. Moreover, the groove widths did not show obvious influence on the wound healing whereas the smaller groove depths tended to favor the collective cell migration and thus subsequent healing. The microgrooved substrates accelerated the wound healing by facilitating the collective cell migration into the wound gaps but not by promoting the cell proliferation. Furthermore, microgrooves were also found to promote the migration of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to heal the fracture model. Though osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was not improved on the microgrooved substrate, collagen I and minerals deposited by hMSCs were organized in a way similar to those in the extracellular matrix of natural bone. These findings suggest the necessity in using microgrooved implants in enhancing fracture healing in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Hua Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Yuli Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Huichang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Sisti KE, de Andrés MC, Johnston D, Almeida-Filho E, Guastaldi AC, Oreffo ROC. Skeletal stem cell and bone implant interactions are enhanced by LASER titanium modification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 473:719-25. [PMID: 26456647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the osteo-regenerative potential of Titanium (Ti) modified by Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) beam (Yb-YAG) upon culture with human Skeletal Stem Cells (hSSCs(1)). METHODS Human skeletal cell populations were isolated from the bone marrow of haematologically normal patients undergoing primary total hip replacement following appropriate consent. STRO-1(+) hSSC(1) function was examined for 10 days across four groups using Ti discs: i) machined Ti surface group in basal media (Mb(2)), ii) machined Ti surface group in osteogenic media (Mo(3)), iii) LASER-modified Ti group in basal media (Lb(4)) and, iv) LASER-modified Ti group in osteogenic media (Lo(5)). Molecular analysis and qRT-PCR as well as functional analysis including biochemistry (DNA, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP(6)) specific activity), live/dead immunostaining (Cell Tracker Green (CTG(7))/Ethidium Homodimer-1 (EH-1(8))), and fluorescence staining (for vinculin and phalloidin) were undertaken. Inverted, confocal and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) approaches were used to characterise cell adherence, proliferation, and phenotype. RESULTS Enhanced cell spreading and morphological rearrangement, including focal adhesions were observed following culture of hSSCs(1) on LASER surfaces in both basal and osteogenic conditions. Biochemical analysis demonstrated enhanced ALP(6) specific activity on the hSSCs(1)-seeded on LASER-modified surface in basal culture media. Molecular analysis demonstrated enhanced ALP(6) and osteopontin expression on titanium LASER treated surfaces in basal conditions. SEM, inverted microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed extensive proliferation and migration of human bone marrow stromal cells on all surfaces evaluated. CONCLUSIONS LASER-modified Ti surfaces modify the behaviour of hSSCs.(1) In particular, SSC(1) adhesion, osteogenic gene expression, cell morphology and cytoskeleton structure were affected. The current studies show Ti LASER modification can enhance the osseointegration between Ti and skeletal cells, with important implications for orthopaedic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Sisti
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Biomaterials Group, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Box 355, Araraquara, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - María C de Andrés
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - David Johnston
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Edson Almeida-Filho
- Biomaterials Group, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Box 355, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Guastaldi
- Biomaterials Group, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Box 355, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Microstereolithography-Based Fabrication of Anatomically Shaped Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:859456. [PMID: 26504839 PMCID: PMC4609375 DOI: 10.1155/2015/859456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Porous ceramic scaffolds with shapes matching the bone defects may result in more efficient grafting and healing than the ones with simple geometries. Using computer-assisted microstereolithography (MSTL), we have developed a novel gelcasting indirect MSTL technology and successfully fabricated two scaffolds according to CT images of rabbit femur. Negative resin molds with outer 3D dimensions conforming to the femur and an internal structure consisting of stacked meshes with uniform interconnecting struts, 0.5 mm in diameter, were fabricated by MSTL. The second mold type was designed for cortical bone formation. A ceramic slurry of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with room temperature vulcanization (RTV) silicone as binder was cast into the molds. After the RTV silicone was completely cured, the composite was sintered at 1500°C for 5 h. Both gross anatomical shape and the interpenetrating internal network were preserved after sintering. Even cortical structure could be introduced into the customized scaffolds, which resulted in enhanced strength. Biocompatibility was confirmed by vital staining of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on the customized scaffolds for 5 days. This fabrication method could be useful for constructing bone substitutes specifically designed according to local anatomical defects.
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130
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Park S, Park J, Jo I, Cho SP, Sung D, Ryu S, Park M, Min KA, Kim J, Hong S, Hong BH, Kim BS. In situ hybridization of carbon nanotubes with bacterial cellulose for three-dimensional hybrid bioscaffolds. Biomaterials 2015; 58:93-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Coathup MJ, Edwards TC, Samizadeh S, Lo WJ, Blunn GW. The effect of an alginate carrier on bone formation in a hydroxyapatite scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1328-35. [PMID: 26118665 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the osteoconductive properties of a porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold manufactured using a novel technique similar to the bread-making process, alone and in combination with an alginate polysaccharide fiber gel (HA/APFG putty) and autologous bone marrow aspirate (BMA). The hypothesis was that the HA/APFG putty would be as osteoconductive as granular HA and that the presence of BMA would further enhance bone formation in an ovine femoral condyle critical defect model. Thirty-six defects were created and either (1) porous HA granules, (2) HA/APFG putty, or (3) HA/APFG putty + BMA were implanted. After retrieval at 6 and 12 weeks, image analysis techniques were used to quantify bone apposition rates, new bone area, bone-HA scaffold contact, and implant resorption. At 6 weeks postsurgery, significantly lower bone apposition rates were observed in the HA/APFG putty group when compared to the HA (p = 0.014) and HA/APFG putty + BMA (p = 0.014) groups. At 12 weeks, significantly increased amounts of new bone formation were measured within the HA scaffold (33.56 ± 3.53%) when compared to both the HA/APFG putty (16.69 ± 2.7%; p = 0.043) and the defects containing HA/APFG putty + BMA (19.31 ± 3.8%; p = 0.043). The use of an APFG gel as a carrier for injectable CaP bone substitute materials delayed bone formation in this model compared to HA granules alone which enhanced bone formation especially within the interconnected smaller pores. Our results also showed that the addition of autologous BMA did not further enhance its osteoconductive properties. Further study is required to optimize the degradation rate of this APFG binding agent before using as a directly injectable material for repair of bone defect. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1328-1335, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Coathup
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7, 4LP, UK.
| | - Thomas C Edwards
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7, 4LP, UK
| | - Sorousheh Samizadeh
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7, 4LP, UK
| | - Wei-Jen Lo
- Department of Research and Development, Wollaton Medical Consultancy Ltd., Nottingham, NG8, 2RN, UK
| | - Gordon W Blunn
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7, 4LP, UK
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132
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Yu X, Tang X, Gohil SV, Laurencin CT. Biomaterials for Bone Regenerative Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1268-85. [PMID: 25846250 PMCID: PMC4507442 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for bone tissue regeneration have been continuously evolving for the last 25 years since the introduction of the "tissue engineering" concept. The convergence of the life, physical, and engineering sciences has brought in several advanced technologies available to tissue engineers and scientists. This resulted in the creation of a new multidisciplinary field termed as "regenerative engineering". In this article, the role of biomaterials in bone regenerative engineering is systematically reviewed to elucidate the new design criteria for the next generation of biomaterials for bone regenerative engineering. The exemplary design of biomaterials harnessing various materials characteristics towards successful bone defect repair and regeneration is highlighted. Particular attention is given to the attempts of incorporating advanced materials science, stem cell technologies, and developmental biology into biomaterials design to engineer and develop the next generation bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Yu
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268
| | - Shalini V. Gohil
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268
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133
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Lafzi A, Vahabi S, Ghods S, Torshabi M. In vitro effect of mineralized and demineralized bone allografts on proliferation and differentiation of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2015; 17:91-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-015-9516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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134
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Anisimova NY, Kiselevsky MV, Sukhorukova IV, Shvindina NV, Shtansky DV. Fabrication method, structure, mechanical, and biological properties of decellularized extracellular matrix for replacement of wide bone tissue defects. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 49:255-68. [PMID: 26051225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present paper was focused on the development of a new method of decellularized extracellular matrix (DECM) fabrication via a chemical treatment of a native bone tissue. Particular attention was paid to the influence of chemical treatment on the mechanical properties of native bones, sterility, and biological performance in vivo using the syngeneic heterotopic and orthotopic implantation models. The obtained data indicated that after a chemical decellularization treatment in 4% aqueous sodium chlorite, no noticeable signs of the erosion of compact cortical bone surface or destruction of trabeculae of spongy bone in spinal channel were observed. The histological studies showed that the chemical treatment resulted in the decellularization of both bone and cartilage tissues. The DECM samples demonstrated no signs of chemical and biological degradation in vivo. Thorough structural characterization revealed that after decellularization, the mineral frame retained its integrity with the organic phase; however clotting and destruction of organic molecules and fibers were observed. FTIR studies revealed several structural changes associated with the destruction of organic molecules, although all organic components typical of intact bone were preserved. The decellularization-induced structural changes in the collagen constituent resulted changed the deformation under compression mechanism: from the major fracture by crack propagation throughout the sample to the predominantly brittle fracture. Although the mechanical properties of radius bones subjected to decellularization were observed to degrade, the mechanical properties of ulna bones in compression and humerus bones in bending remained unchanged. The compressive strength of both the intact and decellularized ulna bones was 125-130 MPa and the flexural strength of humerus bones was 156 and 145 MPa for the intact and decellularized samples, respectively. These results open new avenues for the use of DECM samples as the replacement of wide bone tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Anisimova
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - M V Kiselevsky
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - I V Sukhorukova
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninsky Prospect 4, Moscow 119049, Russia.
| | - N V Shvindina
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninsky Prospect 4, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - D V Shtansky
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninsky Prospect 4, Moscow 119049, Russia.
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135
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Daculsi G. Smart scaffolds: the future of bioceramic. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:154. [PMID: 25779511 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The commercial offer for bioceramic bone substitutes is very large, however, the prerequisites for applications in bone reconstruction and tissue engineering, are most often absent. The main criteria being: on the one hand physico-chemical features providing surgeons with an injectable and/or shapeable biomaterial; on the second hand the multi-scale bioactivity leading to osteoconduction and osteoinduction properties. In order to obtain greater suitability according to the nature of the bone defect to be treated, new bone regeneration technologies, "smart scaffolds" must be developed and optimize to support suitable Ortho Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Daculsi
- INSERM U791, Laboratory for Osteoarticular and Dental Tissue Engineering, Dental Faculty, Nantes University, Place A. Ricordeau, 44042, Nantes, France,
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136
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Leijten J, Chai Y, Papantoniou I, Geris L, Schrooten J, Luyten F. Cell based advanced therapeutic medicinal products for bone repair: Keep it simple? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 84:30-44. [PMID: 25451134 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of cell based advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs) for bone repair has been expected to revolutionize the health care system for the clinical treatment of bone defects. Despite this great promise, the clinical outcomes of the few cell based ATMPs that have been translated into clinical treatments have been far from impressive. In part, the clinical outcomes have been hampered because of the simplicity of the first wave of products. In response the field has set-out and amassed a plethora of complexities to alleviate the simplicity induced limitations. Many of these potential second wave products have remained "stuck" in the development pipeline. This is due to a number of reasons including the lack of a regulatory framework that has been evolving in the last years and the shortage of enabling technologies for industrial manufacturing to deal with these novel complexities. In this review, we reflect on the current ATMPs and give special attention to novel approaches that are able to provide complexity to ATMPs in a straightforward manner. Moreover, we discuss the potential tools able to produce or predict 'goldilocks' ATMPs, which are neither too simple nor too complex.
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137
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Westhrin M, Xie M, Olderøy MØ, Sikorski P, Strand BL, Standal T. Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in mineralized alginate matrices. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120374. [PMID: 25769043 PMCID: PMC4358956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mineralized biomaterials are promising for use in bone tissue engineering. Culturing osteogenic cells in such materials will potentially generate biological bone grafts that may even further augment bone healing. Here, we studied osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in an alginate hydrogel system where the cells were co-immobilized with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for gradual mineralization of the microenvironment. MSC were embedded in unmodified alginate beads and alginate beads mineralized with ALP to generate a polymer/hydroxyapatite scaffold mimicking the composition of bone. The initial scaffold mineralization induced further mineralization of the beads with nanosized particles, and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated presence of collagen in the mineralized and unmineralized alginate beads cultured in osteogenic medium. Cells in both types of beads sustained high viability and metabolic activity for the duration of the study (21 days) as evaluated by live/dead staining and alamar blue assay. MSC in beads induced to differentiate in osteogenic direction expressed higher mRNA levels of osteoblast-specific genes (RUNX2, COL1AI, SP7, BGLAP) than MSC in traditional cell cultures. Furthermore, cells differentiated in beads expressed both sclerostin (SOST) and dental matrix protein-1 (DMP1), markers for late osteoblasts/osteocytes. In conclusion, Both ALP-modified and unmodified alginate beads provide an environment that enhance osteogenic differentiation compared with traditional 2D culture. Also, the ALP-modified alginate beads showed profound mineralization and thus have the potential to serve as a bone substitute in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Westhrin
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Minli Xie
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magnus Ø. Olderøy
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pawel Sikorski
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Berit L. Strand
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Therese Standal
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
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138
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Mercado-Pagán ÁE, Stahl AM, Shanjani Y, Yang Y. Vascularization in bone tissue engineering constructs. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 43:718-29. [PMID: 25616591 PMCID: PMC4979539 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization of large bone grafts is one of the main challenges of bone tissue engineering (BTE), and has held back the clinical translation of engineered bone constructs for two decades so far. The ultimate goal of vascularized BTE constructs is to provide a bone environment rich in functional vascular networks to achieve efficient osseointegration and accelerate restoration of function after implantation. To attain both structural and vascular integration of the grafts, a large number of biomaterials, cells, and biological cues have been evaluated. This review will present biological considerations for bone function restoration, contemporary approaches for clinical salvage of large bone defects and their limitations, state-of-the-art research on the development of vascularized bone constructs, and perspectives on evaluating and implementing novel BTE grafts in clinical practice. Success will depend on achieving full graft integration at multiple hierarchical levels, both between the individual graft components as well as between the implanted constructs and their surrounding host tissues. The paradigm of vascularized tissue constructs could not only revolutionize the progress of BTE, but could also be readily applied to other fields in regenerative medicine for the development of new innovative vascularized tissue designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander M. Stahl
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yaser Shanjani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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139
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Meredith J, Mallick KK. High-strength scaffolds for bone regeneration. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.14.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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140
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Histopathological, histomorphometrical, and radiographical evaluation of injectable glass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite in bone reconstruction of rat. Int J Biomater 2015; 2015:719574. [PMID: 25737725 PMCID: PMC4337039 DOI: 10.1155/2015/719574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Bone defects following tumor resection and osteolysis due to bone lesions, periodontal tissue disorders, and bone reconstruction are challenges that surgeons face. Gass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite contains chitosan, a derivative of crustaceans' exoskeleton. Methods. Thirty-two 6–8-week-old male Wistar rats were chosen. One hole on each right and left tibia was made. The right tibia holes were filled with injectable glass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite, and the left tibia holes were left empty. After 7, 14, 28, and 60 days, histopathological, histomorphometrical, and radiographical assessments were performed. Results. Radiographic density on days 7 and 14 was significantly higher in the right tibias than in the left tibias. Trabecular bone thickness, which was higher in the right tibias, increased from day 7 to day 60 in both right and left tibias, although not significantly. Conclusions. Glass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite is suggested for use in bone repair in cases of bone loss. More histopathological, histomorphometrical, and radiographical assessments are also recommended.
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141
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Zhao QM, Yang HL, Liu ZT, Gu XF, Li C, Feng DH. Fabrication of hydroxyapatite on pure titanium by micro-arc oxidation coupled with microwave-hydrothermal treatment. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:88. [PMID: 25649513 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Porous hydroxyapatite (HA)-containing composite films were prepared by a novel method consisting of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) combined with microwave-hydrothermal (M-H) treatment. The morphology, composition and phase composition of the bioactive films were investigated with scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. MTT assay was carried out to investigate the in vitro effects of the different surfaces on bone integration properties. The prepared MAO films consisted mainly of anatase, rutile and tricalcium phosphate along with amorphous calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) phases. The M-H-treated composite films were composed primarily of anatase, rutile and HA. As the time and temperature of the M-H treatment increased, the number of HA crystals gradually increased. Using the M-H method, HA was obtained at a lower temperature and in a shorter period of time compared to the conventional hydrothermal method. The results suggest that the M-H method significantly decreases the hydrothermal reaction temperature and also greatly shortens the reaction time. Due to the nanocrystallinity and porosity of the prepared composite films, the method presented here shows promise for the formation of bioactive materials for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-ming Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
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142
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Kim SH, Hur W, Kim JE, Min HJ, Kim S, Min HS, Kim BK, Kim SH, Choi TH, Jung Y. Self-assembling peptide nanofibers coupled with neuropeptide substance P for bone tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1237-46. [PMID: 25411965 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients requiring flat bone transplantation continues to increase worldwide. Cell transplantation has been successfully applied clinically; however, it causes another defect site and the time requirements to harvest cells and expand them are considerable. In this study, KLD12/KLD12-SP (KLD12+KLD12-substance P [SP]) was designed to mimic endogenous tissue-healing processes. The structures of KLD12, KLD12-SP, and KLD12/KLD12-SP were observed by transmission electron microscopy and circular dichroism spectra. KLD12/KLD12-SP nanofibers (5-10 nm) were created under physiological conditions by formation of a β-sheet structure. The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to recruit KLD12/KLD12-SP was observed by using an in vivo fluorescence imaging system. Labeled human bone marrow stromal cells supplied via an intravenous injection were recruited to the scaffold containing KLD12/KLD12-SP. Polylactic acid/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PLA/β-TCP) scaffolds filled with KLD12/KLD12-SP were applied to repair calvarial defects. The composite constructs (groups: defect, PLA/β-TCP, PLA/β-TCP/KLD12, and PLA/β-TCP/KLD12/KLD12-SP) were implanted into rat defect sites. Bone tissue regeneration was evaluated by observing gross morphology by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining at 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. Gross morphology showed that the defect site was filled with new tissue that was integrated with host tissue in the KLD12/KLD12-SP group. In addition, from the staining data, cells were recruited to the defect site and lacunae structures formed in the KLD12/KLD12-SP group. From these results, the PLA/β-TCP+KLD12/KLD12-SP composite construct was considered for enhancement of bone tissue regeneration without cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hee Kim
- 1 Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute , Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
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143
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Sundaramurthi D, Jaidev LR, Ramana LN, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. Osteogenic differentiation of stem cells on mesoporous silica nanofibers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanofibers promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613 401
- India
| | - L. R. Jaidev
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613 401
- India
| | - Lakshmi Narashimhan Ramana
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613 401
- India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613 401
- India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613 401
- India
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144
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Improved In Vitro Biocompatibility of Surface-Modified Hydroxyapatite Sponge Scaffold with Gelatin and BMP-2 in Comparison Against a Commercial Bone Allograft. ASAIO J 2015; 61:78-86. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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145
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Benninger E, Zingg PO, Kamath AF, Dora C. Cost analysis of fresh-frozen femoral head allografts: is it worthwhile to run a bone bank? Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1307-11. [PMID: 25274913 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b10.33486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To assess the sustainability of our institutional bone bank, we calculated the final product cost of fresh-frozen femoral head allografts and compared these costs with the use of commercial alternatives. Between 2007 and 2010 all quantifiable costs associated with allograft donor screening, harvesting, storage, and administration of femoral head allografts retrieved from patients undergoing elective hip replacement were analysed. From 290 femoral head allografts harvested and stored as full (complete) head specimens or as two halves, 101 had to be withdrawn. In total, 104 full and 75 half heads were implanted in 152 recipients. The calculated final product costs were €1367 per full head. Compared with the use of commercially available processed allografts, a saving of at least €43 119 was realised over four-years (€10 780 per year) resulting in a cost-effective intervention at our institution. Assuming a price of between €1672 and €2149 per commercially purchased allograft, breakeven analysis revealed that implanting between 34 and 63 allografts per year equated to the total cost of bone banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Benninger
- Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P O Zingg
- Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A F Kamath
- Pennsylvania Hospital , Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, 19107, USA
| | - C Dora
- Balgrist University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
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146
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Pavlova TV, Pavlova LA, Nesterov AV, Kolesnikov DA, Shchyogolev AI. Comparative Characterization of the Skull Bones after Implantation of Titanium Biocomposites Containing BMP-2 in Their Coating Structure. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 158:274-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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147
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Martelli A, Santos AR. Cellular and morphological aspects of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Lessons of formation, repair, and bone bioengineering. Organogenesis 2014; 10:303-11. [PMID: 25482313 DOI: 10.4161/org.29206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare congenital disease that causes bone formation within the muscles, tendons, ligaments and connective tissues. There is no cure for this disorder and only treatment of the symptoms is available. The purpose of this study was to review the literature and describe the clinical, cellular and molecular aspects of FOP. The material used for the study was obtained by reviewing scientific articles published in various literature-indexed databases. In view of its rarity and of the lack of insightful information and the unpredictability of its course, FOP is a challenging disorder for professionals who are confronted by it. However, this rare disease raises a great deal of interest because understanding the mechanism of mature bone formation can encourage research lines related to bone regeneration and the prevention of heterotopic ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Martelli
- a Faculdade Mogiana do Estado de São Paulo (FMG) ; Mogi Guaçu , Brazil
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148
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Ornamenting 3D printed scaffolds with cell-laid extracellular matrix for bone tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2014; 37:230-41. [PMID: 25453953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
3D printing technique is the most sophisticated technique to produce scaffolds with tailorable physical properties. But, these scaffolds often suffer from limited biological functionality as they are typically made from synthetic materials. Cell-laid mineralized ECM was shown to be potential for improving the cellular responses and drive osteogenesis of stem cells. Here, we intend to improve the biological functionality of 3D-printed synthetic scaffolds by ornamenting them with cell-laid mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) that mimics a bony microenvironment. We developed bone graft substitutes by using 3D printed scaffolds made from a composite of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and mineralized ECM laid by human nasal inferior turbinate tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hTMSCs). A rotary flask bioreactor was used to culture hTMSCs on the scaffolds to foster formation of mineralized ECM. A freeze/thaw cycle in hypotonic buffer was used to efficiently decellularize (97% DNA reduction) the ECM-ornamented scaffolds while preserving its main organic and inorganic components. The ECM-ornamented 3D printed scaffolds supported osteoblastic differentiation of newly-seeded hTMSCs by upregulating four typical osteoblastic genes (4-fold higher RUNX2; 3-fold higher ALP; 4-fold higher osteocalcin; and 4-fold higher osteopontin) and increasing calcium deposition compared to bare 3D printed scaffolds. In vivo, in ectopic and orthotopic models in rats, ECM-ornamented scaffolds induced greater bone formation than that of bare scaffolds. These results suggest a valuable method to produce ECM-ornamented 3D printed scaffolds as off-the-shelf bone graft substitutes that combine tunable physical properties with physiological presentation of biological signals.
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149
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Schlaubitz S, Derkaoui SM, Marosa L, Miraux S, Renard M, Catros S, Le Visage C, Letourneur D, Amédée J, Fricain JC. Pullulan/dextran/nHA macroporous composite beads for bone repair in a femoral condyle defect in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110251. [PMID: 25330002 PMCID: PMC4203774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of bone defects is of particular interest for orthopedic, oral, maxillofacial, and dental surgery. Bone loss requiring reconstruction is conventionally addressed through bone grafting. Depending on the size and the location of the defect, this method has limits and risks. Biomaterials can offer an alternative and have features supporting bone repair. Here, we propose to evaluate the cellular penetration and bone formation of new macroporous beads based on pullulan/dextran that has been supplemented with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite in a rat model. Cross-linked beads of 300–500 µm diameters were used in a lateral femoral condyle defect and analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging, micro-computed tomography, and histology in comparison to the empty defects 15, 30, and 70 days after implantation. Inflammation was absent for both conditions. For empty defects, cellularisation and mineralization started from the periphery of the defect. For the defects containing beads, cellular structures filling out the spaces between the scaffolds with increasing interconnectivity and trabecular-like organization were observed over time. The analysis of calcified sections showed increased mineralization over time for both conditions, but was more pronounced for the samples containing beads. Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content were both significantly higher at day 70 for the beads in comparison to empty defects as well as compared with earlier time points. Analysis of newly formed tissue around the beads showed an increase of osteoid tissue, measured as percentage of the defect surface. This study suggests that the use of beads for the repair of small size defects in bone may be expanded on to meet the clinical need for a ready-to-use fill-up material that can favor bone formation and mineralization, as well as promote vessel ingrowth into the defect site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Schlaubitz
- CIC 1401, University hospital of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sidi Mohammed Derkaoui
- U1148, LVTS/Inserm, Paris, France
- Près Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Nord and University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Marosa
- U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Martine Renard
- CIC 1401, University hospital of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Catros
- U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- Dental School, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Le Visage
- U1148, LVTS/Inserm, Paris, France
- Près Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Nord and University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- U1148, LVTS/Inserm, Paris, France
- Près Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of Paris Nord and University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Amédée
- U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Fricain
- U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- Dental School, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail:
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150
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Malhotra A, Pelletier M, Oliver R, Christou C, Walsh WR. Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Defect Healing. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2614-33. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angad Malhotra
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Matthew Pelletier
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Rema Oliver
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Chris Christou
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - William R. Walsh
- Surgical and Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
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