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Jiang X, Yang Q, Qu H, Chen Y, Zhu S. Endogenous n-3 PUFAs Improve Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through FFAR4-Mediated Gut-Liver Crosstalk. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030586. [PMID: 36771292 PMCID: PMC9919706 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-liver axis plays a key role in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Due to the complexity and incomplete understanding of the cross-talk between the gut and liver, effective therapeutic targets are largely unknown. Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) may bridge the cross-talk between the gut and liver. FFAR4 has received considerable attention due to its important role in lipid metabolism. However, the role of FFAR4 in this cross talk in NAFLD remains unclear. In this study, mice with high endogenous n-3 PUFAs but FFAR4 deficiency were generated by crossbreeding Fat-1 and FFAR4 knockout mice. FFAR4 deficiency blocked the protective effects of high endogenous n-3 PUFAs on intestinal barrier dysfunction and hepatic steatosis. In addition, FFAR4 deficiency decreased gut microbiota diversity and enriched Rikenella, Anaerotruncus, and Enterococcus, and reduced Dubosiella, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, Faecalibaculum, Ruminococcaceae UCG-009, and Akkermansia. Notably, FFAR4 deficiency co-regulated pantothenic acid and CoA biosynthesis, β-alanine metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism pathways in the gut and liver, potentially associated with the aggravation of NAFLD. Together, the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on the gut and liver were mediated by FFAR4, providing insights on the role of FFAR4 in the treatment of NAFLD through the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Jiang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Qu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongquan Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and School of Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and School of Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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102
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Qu J, Ye M, Wen C, Cheng X, Zou L, Li M, Liu X, Liu Z, Wen L, Wang J. Compound dark tea ameliorates obesity and hepatic steatosis and modulates the gut microbiota in mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1082250. [PMID: 36742427 PMCID: PMC9895393 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1082250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dark tea is a fermented tea that plays a role in regulating the homeostasis of intestinal microorganisms. Previous studies have found that dark tea can improve obesity and has a lipid-lowering effect. In this study, green tea, Ilex latifolia Thunb (kuding tea) and Momordica grosvenori (Luo Han Guo) were added to a new compound dark tea (CDT), to improve the taste and health of this beverage. High-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice were treated with low- (6 mg/mL) or high- (12 mg/mL) concentrations of CDT for 18 weeks to assess their effect on lipid metabolism. Our results suggest that low- and high-concentrations of CDT could reduce body weight by 15 and 16% and by 44 and 38% of body fat, respectively, by attenuating body weight gain and fat accumulation, improving glucose tolerance, alleviating metabolic endotoxemia, and regulating the mRNA expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes. In addition, low concentrations of CDT were able to reduce the abundance of Desulfovibrio, which is positively associated with obesity, and increase the abundance of Ruminococcus, which are negatively associated with obesity. This study demonstrates the effect of CDT on ameliorating lipid metabolism and provides new insights into the research and development of functional tea beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Qu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengke Ye
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Wen
- Hunan Chu Ming Tea Industry Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xianyu Cheng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Lirui Zou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyan Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Zhonghua Liu ✉
| | - Lixin Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,Lixin Wen ✉
| | - Ji Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China,Changsha Lvye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China,Ji Wang ✉
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103
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Tashiro H, Takahashi K, Uchida M, Kurihara Y, Sadamatsu H, Takamori A, Kimura S, Sueoka-Aragane N. Effect of Azithromycin on Exacerbations in Asthma Patients with Obesity: Protocol for a Multi-Center, Prospective, Single-Arm Intervention Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1861. [PMID: 36767227 PMCID: PMC9915079 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is associated with severe asthma, but no specific treatment has been established. The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor, but specific treatments focused on the gut microbiome have not been established. Recently, azithromycin has been found to have the capacity to attenuate exacerbations, a characteristic of severe asthma. The effect of azithromycin on obesity-induced severe asthma is not understood. METHODS The purpose of the present study is to clarify the effect of azithromycin on exacerbations in asthmatic patients with obesity. To explore the mechanism, the gut microbiome, metabolites of microbes such as short-chain fatty acids, and blood inflammatory cytokines will be analyzed to evaluate the correlation with the effect of azithromycin on exacerbations in obesity-induced severe asthma. A multi-center, prospective, single-arm intervention study is planned. DISCUSSION The present study will allow us to evaluate the effect of azithromycin on exacerbations, particularly in asthma patients with obesity, and explore biomarkers, targeting molecules including the gut microbiome, which are correlated with decreased exacerbations. The present results could contribute to identifying new therapeutic prospects and targeted microbes or molecules associated with severe clinical characteristics in asthmatic patients with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study has been registered as a prospective study with the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN0000484389) and the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs071220023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tashiro
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 8498501, Japan
- TARGET Investigator Group, Saga 8498501, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 8498501, Japan
- TARGET Investigator Group, Saga 8498501, Japan
| | - Masaru Uchida
- TARGET Investigator Group, Saga 8498501, Japan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Japan Community Health Care Organization Saga Central Hospital, Saga 8498522, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurihara
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 8498501, Japan
- TARGET Investigator Group, Saga 8498501, Japan
| | - Hironori Sadamatsu
- TARGET Investigator Group, Saga 8498501, Japan
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saga Prefectural Medical Center Koseikan, Saga 8408571, Japan
| | - Ayako Takamori
- Clinical Research Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga 8498501, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 8498501, Japan
| | - Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 8498501, Japan
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Sun L, Tan X, Liang X, Chen H, Ou Q, Wu Q, Yu X, Zhao H, Huang Q, Yi Z, Wei J, Wu F, Zhu H, Wang L. Maternal Betaine Supplementation Mitigates Maternal High Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD in Offspring Mice through Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020284. [PMID: 36678155 PMCID: PMC9861146 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal betaine supplementation has been proven to alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in offspring caused by maternal high-fat diet (MHFD). The gut-liver axis plays an important role in NAFLD pathogenesis. However, whether maternal betaine supplementation can alleviate NAFLD in offspring by the gut-liver axis is unknown. C57BL/6J mice were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks before mating, and supplemented with 1% betaine during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, offspring mice were fed with standard diet to 10 weeks. Maternal betaine supplementation reduced hepatic triglyceride content and alleviated hepatic steatosis in offspring mice exposed to MHFD. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of PPARα, CPT1α and FATP2 was increased and TNFα was reduced by maternal betaine supplementation. Maternal betaine intake decreased the relative abundances of Proteobateria, Desulfovibrio and Ruminococcus, but increased the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides. Moreover, maternal betaine intake increased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid, in the feces. Gut microbiota and SCFAs were significantly correlated with hepatic triglyceride content and expression of the above genes. Maternal betaine intake had no effect on other gut microbiota-related metabolites (bile acid and trimethylamine-n-oxide). Altogether, maternal betaine supplementation ameliorated MHFD-induced NAFLD possibly through regulating gut microbiota and SCFAs in offspring mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqiao Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuying Tan
- Department of Child Health Care, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hangjun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qian Ou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiongmei Wu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xinxue Yu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiaoli Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zehua Yi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Science and Technology, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Science and Technology, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Huilian Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85228095
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105
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Zhao Y, Wang B, Zhao X, Cui D, Hou S, Zhang H. The effect of gut microbiota dysbiosis on patients with preeclampsia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1022857. [PMID: 36683689 PMCID: PMC9846273 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1022857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare the difference of gut microbiota between preeclampsia (PE) and healthy normal pregnant women, providing new therapeutic strategy for preeclampsia. Methods Forty-one PE patients and 45 age- and pre-pregnancy body mass index- matched healthy controls were enrolled from Nov 2021 to May 2022 in this retrospective case-control study. Fecal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis including microbial α diversity, microbial β diversity, and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis. Serum inflammatory factors were also detected and compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in Bacteroidetes (2.68% in PE patients vs 11.04% in healthy controls, P < 0.001), Proteobacteria (4.04% in PE patients vs 1.22% in healthy controls, P = 0.041), and Fusobacteria (1.07% in PE patients vs 0.01% in healthy controls, P = 0.042) between the two groups at the phylum level. Microbial α diversity was lower in PE patients than that in healthy controls. In addition, there was significant difference in microbial β diversity between the two groups. LEfSe analysis showed that there are 24 different taxa between the two groups. The levels of proinflammatory factors including serum tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-6 were statistically significant higher in PE patients than those in healthy controls (both P < 0.001), while there were no significant differences in the levels of serum anti-inflammatory factors including Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-10 between the two groups (P = 0.234 and P = 0.096, respectively). Conclusion PE patients demonstrated gut microbiota disturbances and increasing serum proinflammatory factors, leading to a better understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiota dysbiosis and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Shaoke Hou
- Department of Obstetrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Hongzhen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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106
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Gao X, Zhao X, Liu M, Zhao H, Sun Y. Lycopene prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through regulating hepatic NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with high-fat and high-fructose diet. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1120254. [PMID: 37032779 PMCID: PMC10076551 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1120254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycopene (LY) belongs to carotenoids and is abundant in red fruits and vegetables. Several previous studies suggested that LY is beneficial for ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while the potential mechanisms are unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the potential mechanisms of LY in preventing NAFLD via exploring the hepatic NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and intestinal microbiota composition in high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-fed mice. Fifty eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups: Normal control group (NC); HFFD group; HFFD with low dose of lycopene group (LLY, 20 mg/kg/d); HFFD with high dose of lycopene group (HLY, 60 mg/kg/d) and HFFD with resveratrol group (RSV, 50 mg/kg/d, positive control). After 8 weeks, feces were collected and the 12 h fasted mice were sacrificed to acquire tissues and blood for parameters measurement. The results showed that the mice in LLY, HLY and RSV groups had significantly lower body weight gain, weight of white adipose tissue, serum levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and hepatic concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) than that in the HFFD group (p < 0.05). HLY and RSV groups also displayed lower serum levels of TG, total cholesterol (TC) and hepatic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) than the HFFD group (p < 0.05). Liver protein expressions of NLRP3, Pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1 and NF-κB were lower in the LLY, HLY and RSV groups than those in the HFFD group (p < 0.05). The feces of LY -treated mice had higher relative levels of SCFAs producing bacteria Allobaculum and lower destructive bacteria, including Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Desulfovibrio, and Alistipes over the HFFD group (p < 0.05). RSV group also displayed lower fecal levels of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Desulfovibrio, and Alistipes than the HFFD group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, LY might prevent NAFLD by suppressing hepatic NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and attenuating gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Diet and Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Chronic Disease Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongye Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yongye Sun,
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107
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Huang C, Zhou Y, Cheng J, Guo X, Shou D, Quan Y, Chen H, Chen H, Zhou Y. Pattern recognition receptors in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma: An emerging therapeutic strategy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1145392. [PMID: 37020586 PMCID: PMC10067914 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1145392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation and has become the leading chronic liver disease worldwide. NAFLD is viewed as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to advanced fibrosis, eventually leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of NAFLD progression is still not clear. Pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated innate immune responses play a critical role in the initiation of NAFLD and the progression of NAFLD-related HCC. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) are the two major PRRs in hepatocytes and resident innate immune cells in the liver. Increasing evidence indicates that the overactivation of TLRs and the cGAS signaling pathways may contribute to the development of liver disorders, including NAFLD progression. However, induction of PRRs is critical for the release of type I interferons (IFN-I) and the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), which prime systemic antitumor immunity in HCC therapy. In this review, we will summarize the emerging evidence regarding the molecular mechanisms of TLRs and cGAS in the development of NAFLD and HCC. The dysfunction of PRR-mediated innate immune response is a critical determinant of NAFLD pathology; targeting and selectively inhibiting TLRs and cGAS signaling provides therapeutic potential for treating NALF-associated diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youlian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiemin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Diwen Shou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Quan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongjian Zhou, ; Huiting Chen, ; Hanqing Chen,
| | - Huiting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongjian Zhou, ; Huiting Chen, ; Hanqing Chen,
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongjian Zhou, ; Huiting Chen, ; Hanqing Chen,
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Sun C, Zhang J, Hou J, Hui M, Qi H, Lei T, Zhang X, Zhao L, Du H. Induction of autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by Pueraria flavonoids improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114005. [PMID: 36384052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common among lipid metabolism disorders. Autophagy plays an important role in lipid metabolism in NAFLD. Pueraria flavonoids, the main active ingredients of Pueraria lobata, exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we report the potential lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of Pueraria flavonoids on NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that Pueraria flavonoids reduced intracellular lipid deposition by inhibiting lipid synthesis and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We analyzed the autophagy flux by mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid transfection to assess the role of autophagy in intracellular scavenging. After treating mice fed on high fat and HepG2 cells with Pueraria flavonoids, the number of autophagosomes increased significantly, along with the level of autophagy. The autophagy loss after siRNA transfection aggravated lipid deposition and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, Pueraria flavonoids trigger autophagy through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to reduce lipid deposition and inflammation. In summary, our results showed that Pueraria flavonoids stimulated autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby reducing intracellular lipid accumulation and inflammation levels and alleviating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiong Hou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Menglin Hui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Hualong Qi
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Luxi Zhao
- The First Clinical Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
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Yang S, Yu D, Liu J, Qiao Y, Gu S, Yang R, Chai X, Wang W. Global publication trends and research hotspots of the gut-liver axis in NAFLD: A bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1121540. [PMID: 36967792 PMCID: PMC10034112 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1121540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(NAFLD)refers to a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Bidirectional cross-talk between the gut-liver axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. To learn more about the gut-liver axis in NAFLD, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis from a bibliometric perspective. METHOD Literature related to the gut-liver axis in NAFLD from 1989 to 2022 was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection. Based on Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace and Vosviewer, we conducted to analyze the number of publications, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. RESULTS A total of 1,891 literature since 2004 was included, with the rapid growth of the number of papers on the gut-liver axis in NAFLD annually. These publications were mainly from 66 countries and 442 institutions. Of the 638 authors analyzed, Bernd Schnabl was the one with the most publications, and Patrice D. Cani was the one with the most co-citations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is the journal with the most articles published, and Hepatology is the journal with the most citations. The most common keywords are gut microbiota, inflammation, and insulin instance, which are current research hotspots. Short-chain fatty acid, in vitro, randomized controlled trial in clinical, and diabetes mellitus represent the research frontiers in this field and are in a stage of rapid development. CONCLUSION This is the first study to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications related to the gut-liver axis in NAFLD. This study reveals that gut microbiota, inflammation, insulin resistance, short-chain fatty acids, and randomized controlled trial will be the hotspots and new trends in the gut-liver axis in NAFLD research, which could provide researchers with key research information in this field and is helpful for further exploration of new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Deshuai Yu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfang Qiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiao Gu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Yang, ; Xinlou Chai, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Xinlou Chai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Yang, ; Xinlou Chai, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Yang, ; Xinlou Chai, ; Wei Wang,
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110
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ma H, Sun M, Wang X, Jin S, Yuan X. Insufficient or excessive dietary carbohydrates affect gut health through change in gut microbiota and regulation of gene expression of gut epithelial cells in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108442. [PMID: 36410648 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dietary carbohydrate levels can affect gut health, but the roles played by gut microbiota and gut epithelial cells, and their interactions remain unclear. In this experiment, we investigated gut health, gut microbiota, and the gene expression profiles of gut epithelial cells in grass carp consuming diets with different carbohydrate levels. Compared to the moderate-carbohydrate diet, low-carbohydrate diet significantly increased the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Ralstonia and Elizabethkingia) and decreased the abundance of metabolism in cofactors and vitamins, implying a dysregulated gut microbiota and compromised metabolic function. Moreover, low-carbohydrate diet inhibited the expression levels of key genes in autophagy-related pathways in gut epithelial cells, which might directly lead to reduced clearance of defective organelles and pathogenic microorganisms. These aforementioned factors may be responsible for the imperfect organization of the intestinal tract. High-carbohydrate diet also significantly increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Flavobacterium), which directly contributed to a decrease in the abundance of immune system of the microbiota. Furthermore, the active pathways of staphylococcus aureus infection and complement and coagulation cascades, as well as the inhibition of the glutathione metabolism pathway were observed. Above results implied that high-carbohydrate diet might ultimately cause severe gut damage by affecting immune function of microbiota, mentioned immune-related pathways, and the antioxidant capacity. Finally, the correlation network diagram revealed strong correlations of the differentially immune-related gene major histocompatibility complex class I antigen (MR1) with Enhydrobacter and Ruminococcus_gnavus_group in low-carbohydrate diet group, and Arenimonas in high-carbohydrate diet group, respectively, suggesting that MR1 might be a central target for immune responses in gut epithelial cells induced by gut microbiota at different levels of dietary carbohydrate. All these results provided insight in the development of antagonistic probiotics and target genes to improve the utilization of carbohydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Huan Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Manjie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Shengzhen Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaochen Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
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111
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Hu Q, Chen Y, Bao T, Huang Y. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease: a Chinese population-based study. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1996-2005. [DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2144373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Bao
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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112
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Herren OM, Gillman AS, Marshall VJ, Das R. Understanding the Changing Landscape of Health Disparities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Liver Cancer. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 2:505-520. [PMID: 37347072 PMCID: PMC10281758 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease and liver cancer disparities in the U.S. are reflective of complex multiple determinants of health. This review describes the disproportionate burden of liver disease and liver cancer among racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender minority, rural, low socioeconomic status (SES) populations, and place-based contexts. The contributions of traditional and lifestyle-related risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, evitable toxin exposure, nutrition quality) and comorbid conditions (e.g., viral hepatitis, obesity, type II diabetes) to disparities is also explored. Biopsychosocial mechanisms defining the physiological consequences of inequities underlying these health disparities, including inflammation, allostatic load, genetics, epigenetics, and social epigenomics are described. Guided by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) framework, integrative research of unexplored social and biological mechanisms of health disparities, appropriate methods and measures for early screening, diagnosis, assessment, and strategies for timely treatment and maintaining multidisciplinary care should be actively pursued. We review emerging research on adverse social determinants of liver health, such as structural racism, discrimination, stigma, SES, rising care-related costs, food insecurity, healthcare access, health literacy, and environmental exposures to pollutants. Limited research on protective factors of liver health is also described. Research from effective, multilevel, community-based interventions indicate a need for further intervention efforts that target both risk and protective factors to address health disparities. Policy-level impacts are also needed to reduce disparities. These insights are important, as the social contexts and inequities that influence determinants of liver disease/cancer have been worsened by the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic and are forecasted to amplify disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M. Herren
- Extramural Scientific Programs, Division of Integrative Biological and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Arielle S. Gillman
- Extramural Scientific Programs, Division of Integrative Biological and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Vanessa J. Marshall
- Office of the Director National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), Bethesda, MD
| | - Rina Das
- Extramural Scientific Programs, Division of Integrative Biological and Behavioral Sciences
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113
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Liu W, Shao T, Tian L, Ren Z, Gao L, Tang Z, Fang Z, Yuan P, Liu C, Li J, Wang G, Han J. Structural elucidation and anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide. Food Funct 2022; 13:12883-12895. [PMID: 36441628 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The chemical structure and pharmacological activity of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharides have garnered significant attention in recent years. In this study, a homogeneous polysaccharide, PCP1, was extracted from P. cyrtonema Hua rhizomes and purified. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that PCP1 is primarily composed of fructose, glucose, and mannose. Chemical structure analysis showed that the main chain of PCP1 is composed mainly of →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ and →1,6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→, with small amounts of →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, and β-D-Glcp-(1→. The side chain is β-D-Fruf-(2→ linked at C-6 of →1,6)-β-D-Fruf-(2→. In vivo experiments showed that PCP1 mitigates liver pathological damage, improves abnormal lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids, and balances the composition of the intestinal microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice. Thus, PCP1 can be used as a natural ingredient in functional foods for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Taili Shao
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Zhengrui Ren
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Lan Gao
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Zhiyan Tang
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Zheng Fang
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Pingchuan Yuan
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jikun Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jun Han
- Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
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114
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Analysis of the Impact of the Presence of Phylum Cyanobacteria in the Microbiome of Patients with Breast Cancer on Their Prognosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247272. [PMID: 36555890 PMCID: PMC9787457 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms caused by Cyanobacteria adversely affect the health of the people living in their vicinity. We elucidated the effect of Cyanobacteria in patients with breast cancer. The serum microbiome of the patients with breast cancer was analyzed using NGS. Serologic tests were performed to analyze the association between the factors affecting the liver function of patients with breast cancer and the amount of Cyanobacteria. In addition, the recurrent-free survival of patients with breast cancer according to the abundance of Cyanobacteria was analyzed. The abundance of Cyanobacteria tended to be correlated with the serological results related to liver function. A high abundance of Cyanobacteria seemed to be more related to late-stage breast cancer. A high recurrent-free survival was related to a low abundance of Cyanobacteria. Even though no toxicity study was conducted, this study demonstrates the impact of phylum Cyanobacteria on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Thus, the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the microbiome can help predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.
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115
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Liu J, Yu W, Wang C, Li S, Zhang W. Garlic (Allium sativum) polysaccharides ameliorates hepatic injury and fat accumulation in mice with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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116
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Chua D, Low ZS, Cheam GX, Ng AS, Tan NS. Utility of Human Relevant Preclinical Animal Models in Navigating NAFLD to MAFLD Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314762. [PMID: 36499091 PMCID: PMC9737809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is an emerging contributor to disease burden worldwide. The past decades of work established the heterogeneous nature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) etiology and systemic contributions to the pathogenesis of the disease. This called for the proposal of a redefinition in 2020 to that of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to better reflect the current understanding of the disease. To date, several clinical cohort studies comparing NAFLD and MAFLD hint at the relevancy of the new nomenclature in enriching for patients with more severe hepatic injury and extrahepatic comorbidities. However, the underlying systemic pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Preclinical animal models have been imperative in elucidating key biological mechanisms in various contexts, including intrahepatic disease progression, interorgan crosstalk and systemic dysregulation. Furthermore, they are integral in developing novel therapeutics against MAFLD. However, substantial contextual variabilities exist across different models due to the lack of standardization in several aspects. As such, it is crucial to understand the strengths and weaknesses of existing models to better align them to the human condition. In this review, we consolidate the implications arising from the change in nomenclature and summarize MAFLD pathogenesis. Subsequently, we provide an updated evaluation of existing MAFLD preclinical models in alignment with the new definitions and perspectives to improve their translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Chua
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (N.S.T.); Tel.: +65-63162941 (N.S.T.); Fax: +65-67913856 (N.S.T.)
| | - Zun Siong Low
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Guo Xiang Cheam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Aik Seng Ng
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (N.S.T.); Tel.: +65-63162941 (N.S.T.); Fax: +65-67913856 (N.S.T.)
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117
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Gangopadhyay A, Ibrahim R, Theberge K, May M, Houseknecht KL. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and mental illness: Mechanisms linking mood, metabolism and medicines. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1042442. [PMID: 36458039 PMCID: PMC9707801 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1042442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the world and one of the leading indications for liver transplantation. It is one of the many manifestations of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome as well as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence linking the incidence of NAFLD with psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression mechanistically via genetic, metabolic, inflammatory and environmental factors including smoking and psychiatric medications. Indeed, patients prescribed antipsychotic medications, regardless of diagnosis, have higher incidence of NAFLD than population norms. The mechanistic pharmacology of antipsychotic-associated NAFLD is beginning to emerge. In this review, we aim to discuss the pathophysiology of NAFLD including its risk factors, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation as well as its intersection with psychiatric illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen L. Houseknecht
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
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118
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Lactobacillus sakei MJM60958 as a Potential Probiotic Alleviated Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet by Modulating Lipid Metabolism, Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113436. [PMID: 36362221 PMCID: PMC9658623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease with a rapidly increasing number of cases worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus sakei MJM60958 (MJM60958) on NAFLD in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro tests, MJM60958 significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by 46.79% in HepG2 cells stimulated with oleic acid and cholesterol (OA-C). Moreover, MJM60958 showed safe and probiotic characteristics in vitro. In the animal study, MJM60958 administration in a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD mouse model significantly reduced body weight and liver weight, and controlled aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), triglyceride (TG), urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid (UA) levels in the blood, which are features of NAFLD. Further, treatment with MJM60958 also reduced steatosis scores in liver tissues, serum leptin and interleukin, and increased serum adiponectin content. Moreover, administration of MJM60958 resulted in a significantly decreased expression of some genes and proteins which are related to lipid accumulation, such as fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and also upregulated genes and protein expression of lipid oxidation such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1A). Administration of MJM60958 increased the relative abundance of specific microbial taxa such as Verrucomicrobia, which are abundant in non-NAFLD mice, and reduced Firmicutes, which are a major group in NAFLD mice. MJM60958 affected the modulation of gut microbiota and altered the strain profile of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in the cecum by reduced lactic acid and enhanced acetic acid production. Overall, MJM60958 showed potential as a probiotic that can prevent and treat NAFLD.
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119
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Trifan A, Stafie R, Rotaru A, Stratina E, Zenovia S, Nastasa R, Huiban L, Cuciureanu T, Muzica C, Chiriac S, Girleanu I, Singeap AM, Sfarti C, Cojocariu C, Petrea O, Stanciu C. Screening for Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography with Controlled Attenuation Parameter. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195959. [PMID: 36233826 PMCID: PMC9573563 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are frequently associated with extraintestinal manifestations, hepatic injury being of concern in these patients. Current literature reports an increased prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis in subjects with IBD and the pathophysiology is yet to be completely understood. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with IBD, as well as to determine the factors that connect these two disorders. METHODS From September 2021 to June 2022, 82 consecutive IBD patients were enrolled from a tertiary care center hospital in Iasi. Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography with Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) was used to assess the presence of NAFLD, with a cut-off score for CAP of 248 dB/m. Significant liver fibrosis was considered at a cut-off for liver stiffness measurements (LSM) of 7.2 kPa. RESULTS In total, 82 IBD patients (54.8% men, mean age of 49 ± 13 years) were included, 38 (46.3%) of them being diagnosed with NAFLD, with a mean CAP score of 286 ± 35.4 vs. 203 ± 29.7 in patients with IBD only. Age (β = 0.357, p = 0.021), body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.185, p = 0.048), disease duration (β = 0.297, p = 0.041), C-reactive protein (β = 0.321, p = 0.013), fasting plasma glucose (β = 0.269, p = 0.038), and triglycerides (β = 0.273, p = 0.023) were strongly associated with the presence of liver steatosis. The multivariate analysis showed that older age, BMI, and disease duration were strongly associated with significant liver fibrosis in our group. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is a multifaced pathology with growing prevalence among IBD patients. Additional studies are needed to completely understand this problem and to create a solid evidence-based framework for more effective preventative and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Trifan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Remus Stafie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Adrian Rotaru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Ermina Stratina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sebastian Zenovia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Robert Nastasa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Huiban
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tudor Cuciureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Muzica
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefan Chiriac
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Girleanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Singeap
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalin Sfarti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Cojocariu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Petrea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carol Stanciu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 70015 Iasi, Romania
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “St. Spiridon” University Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Xu P, Hong Y, Chen P, Wang X, Li S, Wang J, Meng F, Zhou Z, Shi D, Li Z, Cao S, Xiao Y. Regulation of the cecal microbiota community and the fatty liver deposition by the addition of brewers’ spent grain to feed of Landes geese. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970563. [PMID: 36204629 PMCID: PMC9530188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) diets on the fatty liver deposition and the cecal microbial community were investigated in a total of 320 healthy 5-day-old Landes geese. These geese were randomly and evenly divided into 4 groups each containing 8 replicates and 10 geese per replicate. These four groups of geese were fed from the rearing stage (days 5–60) to the overfeeding stage (days 61–90). The Landes geese in group C (control) were fed with basal diet (days 5–90); group B fed first with basal diet in the rearing stage and then basal diet + 4% BSG in the overfeeding stage; group F first with basal diet + 4% BSG during the rearing stage and then basal diet in the overfeeding stage; and group W with basal diet + 4% BSG (days 5–90). The results showed that during the rearing stage, the body weight (BW) and the average daily gain (ADG) of Landes geese were significantly increased in groups F and W, while during the overfeeding stage, the liver weights of groups W and B were significantly higher than that of group C. The taxonomic structure of the intestinal microbiota revealed that during the overfeeding period, the relative abundance of Bacteroides in group W was increased compared to group C, while the relative abundances of Escherichia–Shigella and prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group were decreased. Results of the transcriptomics analysis showed that addition of BSG to Landes geese diets altered the expression of genes involved in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism in the liver. Our study provided novel experimental evidence based on the cecal microbiota to support the application of BSG in the regulation of fatty liver deposition by modulating the gut microbiota in Landes geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxuan Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pinpin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijie Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fancong Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zutao Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deshi Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zili Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengbo Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuncai Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuncai Xiao,
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Xia Y, Ren M, Yang J, Cai C, Cheng W, Zhou X, Lu D, Ji F. Gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in NAFLD and after bariatric surgery: Correlation and causality. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1003755. [PMID: 36204626 PMCID: PMC9531827 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently related to a heavy socioeconomic burden and increased incidence. Since obesity is the most prevalent risk factor for NAFLD, weight loss is an effective therapeutic solution. Bariatric surgery (BS), which can achieve long-term weight loss, improves the overall health of patients with NAFLD. The two most common surgeries are the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. The gut-liver axis is the complex network of cross-talking between the gut, its microbiome, and the liver. The gut microbiome, involved in the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis, is believed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the metabolic improvement after BS. Alterations in the gut microbiome in NAFLD have been confirmed compared to that in healthy individuals. The mechanisms linking the gut microbiome to NAFLD have been proposed, including increased intestinal permeability, higher energy intake, and other pathophysiological alterations. Interestingly, several correlation studies suggested that the gut microbial signatures after BS become more similar to those of lean, healthy controls than that of patients with NAFLD. The resolution of NAFLD after BS is related to changes in the gut microbiome and its metabolites. However, confirming a causal link remains challenging. This review summarizes characteristics of the gut microbiome in patients with NAFLD before and after BS and accumulates existing evidence about the underlying mechanisms of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinpu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changzhou Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Ji,
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Yang K, Chen J, Zhang T, Yuan X, Ge A, Wang S, Xu H, Zeng L, Ge J. Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenol supplementation in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949746. [PMID: 36159792 PMCID: PMC9500378 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary polyphenol treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a novel direction, and the existing clinical studies have little effective evidence for its therapeutic effect, and some studies have inconsistent results. The effectiveness of dietary polyphenols in the treatment of NAFLD is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of oral dietary polyphenols in patients with NAFLD. Methods The literature (both Chinese and English) published before 30 April 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, CNKI, and other databases on the treatment of NAFLD with dietary polyphenols was searched. Manual screening, quality assessment, and data extraction of search results were conducted strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results The RCTs included in this study involved dietary supplementation with eight polyphenols (curcumin, resveratrol, naringenin, anthocyanin, hesperidin, catechin, silymarin, and genistein) and 2,173 participants. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that 1) curcumin may decrease body mass index (BMI), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Triglycerides (TG) total cholesterol (TC), and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to placebo; and curcumin does not increase the occurrence of adverse events. 2) Although the meta-analysis results of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) did not reveal significant positive changes, individual RCTs showed meaningful results. 3) Naringenin significantly decreased the percentage of NAFLD grade, TG, TC, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but had no significant effect on AST and ALT, and it is a safe supplementation. 4) Only one team presents a protocol about anthocyanin (from Cornus mas L. fruit extract) in the treatment of NAFLD. 5) Hesperidin may decrease BMI, AST, ALT, TG, TC, HOMA-IR, and so on. 6) Catechin may decrease BMI, HOMA-IR, and TG level, and it was well tolerated by the patients. 7) Silymarin was effective in improving ALT and AST and reducing hepatic fat accumulation and liver stiffness in NAFLD patients. Conclusion Based on current evidence, curcumin can reduce BMI, TG, TC, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance; catechin can reduce BMI, insulin resistance, and TG effectively; silymarin can reduce liver enzymes. For resveratrol, naringenin, anthocyanin, hesperidin, and catechin, more RCTs are needed to further evaluate their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Junpeng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Tianqing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jinwen Ge,
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Yu S, Jiang J, Li Q, Liu X, Wang Z, Yang L, Ding L. Schisantherin A alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by restoring intestinal barrier function. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:855008. [PMID: 36132991 PMCID: PMC9483129 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.855008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is intricately linked to dysregulation of the gut–liver axis, and correlated with intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption. Objectives To investigate the protective effects and possible molecular mechanism of Schisantherin A (Sin A) in a high-fat diet (HFD) induced NAFLD mouse model. Methods HFD-fed NAFLD mice were treated with the vehicle and 80 mg/kg Sin A every day for 6 weeks. The gut permeability of the NAFLD mice was assessed by intestinal permeability assays in vivo and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements in vitro were also used to evaluate the function of the gut barrier. TLR4 inhibitor was then used to investigate the impact of Sin A in the LPS- TLR4 signaling pathway. Alternatively, the composition of the microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA amplification. Finally, the experiment of antibiotic treatment was performed to elucidate the roles of the gut microbiome mediating Sin A induced metabolic benefits in the NAFLD mice. Results We found that Sin A potently ameliorated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, alleviated gut inflammation, and restored intestinal barrier function. We also observed that Sin A improved gut permeability and reduced the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into circulation and further found that Sin A can suppress LPS-TLR4 signaling to protect against HFD-induced NAFLD. Sin A treatment altered the composition of the microbiome in NAFLD mice compared to vehicle controls. Conclusions Sin A is an effective and safe hepatoprotective agent against HFD-induced NAFLD by partly ameliorating gut inflammation, restoring intestinal barrier function, and regulating intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarui Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Research and Development Department, Xuzhou Wanwusheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Ding, ; Li Yang,
| | - Lili Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Complex Prescription and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Phamcological Research Department, Shanghai Research and Development Center for Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Ding, ; Li Yang,
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Okuma K, Kono K, Otaka M, Ebara A, Odachi A, Tokuno H, Masuyama H. Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota in Japanese Patients with Premenstrual Syndrome. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:1435-1445. [PMID: 36199913 PMCID: PMC9529230 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s377066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of individuals with premenstrual syndrome. Patients and Methods The gut microbiota of 24 Japanese women with PMS (PMS group) and 144 healthy Japanese women (control group) were compared. Analysis of the α- and β-diversities and the gut microbial composition at the genus level were performed using 16S rRNA gene sequence data obtained from stool samples. Results A significant difference in age was observed between the PMS and control groups; however, no significant difference was observed in BMI. The α-diversity measured using the Simpson index was significantly higher in the PMS group than the control group. Visualization of the β-diversity using non-metric multidimensional scaling and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) showed that the distance of the gut microbiota between the PMS and control groups is significantly different. Furthermore, a significant difference in the composition of the gut microbiota was observed between the PMS and control groups. At the genus level, the abundances of Collinsella, Bifidobacterium, and Blautia were significantly higher in the PMS group than in the control group. In particular, the abundance of Collinsella in the PMS group was approximately 4.5 times higher than that in the control group. To rule out the confounding effect of age in the abundances of Bifidobacterium, Blautia, and Collinsella, the gut microbiota of the PMS and control groups were compared by age group. Results showed that Collinsella had the highest effect size in participants of 30–40 years of age (mean age: 36.39 ± 4.68 years). Conclusion These results suggest that the PMS group possesses a characteristic gut microbiota. In particular, Collinsella was strongly associated with PMS. Since Collinsella has been reported to be associated with diet, dietary interventions such as prebiotics targeting Collinsella may be effective in preventing, improving, and alleviating PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Okuma
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Kanako Kono
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Machiko Otaka
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Aya Ebara
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Ayano Odachi
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Tokuno
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuyama
- Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan
- Correspondence: Hiroaki Masuyama, Research and Development Division, Symbiosis Solutions Inc, 3F, VORT Suidobashi III Bldg, 2-8-11 Kandasarugakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0064, Japan, Tel +81-3-6275-0878, Fax +81-3-6275-0879, Email
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Ren Z, Xu Y, Li T, Sun W, Tang Z, Wang Y, Zhou K, Li J, Ding Q, Liang K, Wu L, Yin Y, Sun Z. NAD+ and its possible role in gut microbiota: Insights on the mechanisms by which gut microbes influence host metabolism. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:360-371. [PMID: 35949199 PMCID: PMC9356074 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wu QL, Zeng SX, Peng JY, Yuan Y, Zhu Z, Xie ZC, Huang ZH, Huang JS, Lai JM, Chen JA, Lin MH. Advances in metformin for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:863-877. [PMID: 36039840 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2118112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increased economic and social burdens for NAFLD worldwide make treating such a disease a significant public health issue. Metformin, a kind of insulin sensitizer generally used to treat type 2 diabetes, has been recently found to have efficacy on children's NAFLD in various areas such as glucolipid metabolism, intestinal bacterial metabolism, oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory response. This article aims to provide an overview of the possible mechanisms of NAFLD in children and the potential therapeutic application of metformin. AREAS COVERED The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE database was systematically searched on 12 April 2022, using the keywords metformin; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; and children to identify similar studies. An additional search for recently published research was performed in June 2020. EXPERT OPINION Although metformin has been proved to have an excellent therapeutic effect on children's NAFLD; we can still explore its potential impacts and mechanisms from different angles, such as combined medication. At the same time, we should also pay attention to its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Long Wu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Shu-Xin Zeng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | | | | | | | - Zi-Chun Xie
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Ze-Hong Huang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Jia-Shuan Huang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Jian-Mei Lai
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Jin-An Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Min-Hua Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
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Zhang S, Lu S, Li Z. Extrahepatic factors in hepatic immune regulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941721. [PMID: 36052075 PMCID: PMC9427192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a site of complex immune activity. The hepatic immune system tolerates harmless immunogenic loads in homeostasis status, shelters liver function, while maintaining vigilance against possible infectious agents or tissue damage and providing immune surveillance at the same time. Activation of the hepatic immunity is initiated by a diverse repertoire of hepatic resident immune cells as well as non-hematopoietic cells, which can sense “danger signals” and trigger robust immune response. Factors that mediate the regulation of hepatic immunity are elicited not only in liver, but also in other organs, given the dual blood supply of the liver via both portal vein blood and arterial blood. Emerging evidence indicates that inter-organ crosstalk between the liver and other organs such as spleen, gut, lung, adipose tissue, and brain is involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. In this review, we present the features of hepatic immune regulation, with particular attention to the correlation with factors from extrahepatic organ. We describe the mechanisms by which other organs establish an immune association with the liver and then modulate the hepatic immune response. We discuss their roles and distinct mechanisms in liver homeostasis and pathological conditions from the cellular and molecular perspective, highlighting their potential for liver disease intervention. Moreover, we review the available animal models and methods for revealing the regulatory mechanisms of these extrahepatic factors. With the increasing understanding of the mechanisms by which extrahepatic factors regulate liver immunity, we believe that this will provide promising targets for liver disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongfang Li,
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mTOR: A Potential New Target in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169196. [PMID: 36012464 PMCID: PMC9409235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) continues to rise, yet effective treatments are lacking due to the complex pathogenesis of this disease. Although recent research has provided evidence for the “multiple strikes” theory, the classic “two strikes” theory has not been overturned. Therefore, there is a crucial need to identify multiple targets in NAFLD pathogenesis for the development of diagnostic markers and targeted therapeutics. Since its discovery, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been recognized as the central node of a network that regulates cell growth and development and is closely related to liver lipid metabolism and other processes. This paper will explore the mechanisms by which mTOR regulates lipid metabolism (SREBPs), insulin resistance (Foxo1, Lipin1), oxidative stress (PIG3, p53, JNK), intestinal microbiota (TLRs), autophagy, inflammation, genetic polymorphisms, and epigenetics in NAFLD. The specific influence of mTOR on NAFLD was hypothesized to be divided into micro regulation (the mechanism of mTOR’s influence on NAFLD factors) and macro mediation (the relationship between various influencing factors) to summarize the influence of mTOR on the developmental process of NAFLD, and prove the importance of mTOR as an influencing factor of NAFLD regarding multiple aspects. The effects of crosstalk between mTOR and its upstream regulators, Notch, Hedgehog, and Hippo, on the occurrence and development of NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma are also summarized. This analysis will hopefully support the development of diagnostic markers and new therapeutic targets in NAFLD.
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Differential Effects of Dietary White Meat and Red Meat on NAFLD Progression by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6908934. [PMID: 36035222 PMCID: PMC9410827 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6908934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To assess the effects of dietary white meat (grass carp and chicken) and red meat (pork and beef) on metabolic parameters, including the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs and bile acids) in NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet. Methods. NAFLD rats were randomly assigned to five groups: NAFLD group, grass carp group, chicken group, pork group, and beef group (10 rats in each group), and these rats were fed for 8 weeks using the high-fat diet, grass carp-based diet, chicken-based diet, pork-based diet, and beef-based diet, respectively. At the end of the intervention, NAFLD-related metabolic indexes, intestinal flora, and its metabolites were measured. Results. The grass carp-based diet significantly improved hepatic pathological changes and glycolipid metabolism, and the chicken-based diet only partially improved the metabolic parameters. However, NAFLD progression was observed in the pork group and the beef group. What is more, the white meat-based diet-mediated changes in the enrichment of beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillus or Akkermansia), SCFAs, and unconjugated BAs (such as UDCA) and the depletion of pathogenic bacteria (such as Bilophila and Prevotella_9) and conjugated BAs were observed, while the red meat-based diet-induced changes in the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria (Prevotella_9 or Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010) and conjugated BAs and the depletion of SCFAs and unconjugated BAs were found. Conclusion. The dietary white meat and red meat modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites may favor and aggravate NAFLD in rats, respectively.
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130
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Miao RR, Zhan S, Cui SX, Qu XJ. Intestinal aberrant sphingolipid metabolism shaped-gut microbiome and bile acids metabolome in the development of hepatic steatosis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22398. [PMID: 35792869 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200148rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated bile acids (CBAs) play major roles in hepatic gene regulation via nuclear S1P-inhibited histone deacetylase (HDACs). Gut microbiota modifies bile acid pool to generate CBAs and then CBAs returned to liver to regulate hepatic genes, fatty liver, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is not yet known how the gut microbiota was modified under the environment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we revealed that aberrant intestinal sphingosine kinases (SphKs), a major risk factor of IBD, modified gut microbiota by increasing the proportions of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia, which were associated with the increase in CBAs. When exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD), sphingosine kinases 2 knockout (SphK2KO) mice developed more severity of intestinal inflammation and hepatic steatosis than their wild-type (WT) littermates. Due to knockdown of nuclear SphK2, Sphk2KO mice exhibited an increase in sphingosine kinases 1 (SphK1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, the microbiota was modified in the environment of the SphK1/S1P-induced IBD. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing of cecal contents indicated an increase of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) measured an increase in CBAs, including taurocholic acid (TCA), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), and glycocholic acid (GCA), in cecal contents and liver tissues of Sphk2KO mice. These CBAs accumulated in the liver promoted hepatic steatosis through downregulating the acetylation of H3K9, H3K14, H3K18 and H3K27 due to the CBAs-S1PR2-nuclear SphK2-S1P signaling pathway was blocked in HFD-SphK2KO mice. In summary, intestinal aberrant sphingolipid metabolism developed hepatic steatosis through the increase in CBAs associated with an increase in Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Xiang Cui
- Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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131
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Li D, Xu Z, Li Y, Gan L, Wu P, Wu R, Jin J, Zheng X, Zhang K, Ma H, Li L. Polysaccharides from Callerya speciosa alleviate metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8662-8675. [PMID: 35904346 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Callerya speciosa ("Niu Dali" in Chinese) is a well-known edible plant in Southeast China. C. speciosa roots contain a high level of polysaccharides, which have been reported to show multiple health-promoting effects. In the current study, the anti-obesity effects of a crude extract of C. speciosa polysaccharides (NP) and its underlying mechanisms of action are investigated. C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups and fed either a standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD). The HFD + NP group mice received oral administration of NP (100 mg per kg per day) every other day for 10 weeks. NP supplementation alleviated HFD-induced diabetic biomarkers including body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipocyte hypertrophy. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that NP inhibited hepatic de novo lipogenesis and adipogenesis (i.e. decreased expression of Srebp1c, Fas, Cebpα, and Pparγ), stimulated adipocyte lipolysis (enhanced mRNA expression of Hsl and Mgl), and attenuated HFD-induced hepatic inflammation (decreased expression of TNF-α and NF-κB p65). Furthermore, 16S rDNA and GC-MS analyses showed that NP supplementation restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportion, elevated colon-derived SCFAs, especially acetic acid content, and increased the relative abundance of genera associated with SCFA production in HFD-fed mice. Findings from this study suggest that NP alleviated HFD-induced obesity in a mouse model, which was possibly due to its ameliorative effects on diet-induced gut dysbiosis. Polysaccharides from C. speciosa are promising prebiotics and they may be further developed as functional foods for the management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Zhaonan Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China.,Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
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Xiong J, Chen X, Zhao Z, Liao Y, Zhou T, Xiang Q. A potential link between plasma short‑chain fatty acids, TNF‑α level and disease progression in non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease: A retrospective study. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:598. [PMID: 35949337 PMCID: PMC9353543 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear, but short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in circulation may participate in its pathogenesis by acting as inflammation inhibitors. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate plasma concentrations of general SCFAs in healthy individuals and in patients with distinct stages of NAFLD. Three main SCFAs (including acetate, propionate and butyrate) were analyzed by gas chromatography. The plasma TNF-α concentration was measured by ELISA. One-way ANOVA, Spearman's correlation and Pearson's correlation analysis were performed to estimate the associations between SCFAs, TNF-α and disease progression. Multiple linear stepwise regression was computed to explore the predictor variables of TNF-α in circulation. A total of 71 patients with NAFLD [including 27 patients with NAFL, 20 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and 24 patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis (NAFLD-cirrhosis)] and 9 healthy control (HC) subjects were enrolled for analysis. Although not statistically significant, plasma SCFAs were elevated in patients with NAFL compared with HC subjects, whereas the vast majority of SCFAs were statistically reduced in patients with NASH or NAFLD-cirrhosis compared with patients with NAFL. Plasma SCFAs had no significant differences in NASH or NAFLD-cirrhosis patients compared with HC subjects. In addition, significant negative correlations were observed between TNF-α and SCFAs. The progression of NAFLD (β=0.849; P<0.001) and the decline of the total three SCFA concentrations (β=-0.189; P<0.001) were recognized as independent risk variables related to the elevated peripheral TNF-α in the multiple linear stepwise regression model. Plasma SCFA concentrations may alter with the development of NAFLD and may have a potential link to TNF-α and the progression of NAFLD, which may serve a protective role toward disease advancement. Further mechanistic studies, such as analysis of gastrointestinal microecology, signaling pathways and functions involved in TNF-α, need to be performed. Also, therapeutic supplementation of SCFAs for NASH and NAFLD-cirrhosis needs further research and verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
| | - Zhijing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, P.R. China
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Yang S, Cao S, Li C, Zhang J, Liu C, Qiu F, Kang N. Berberrubine, a Main Metabolite of Berberine, Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Modulating Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Restoring Gut Microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:913378. [PMID: 35873595 PMCID: PMC9304582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.913378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health problem in many countries. Berberine (BBR) is an effective therapeutic agent in alleviating NAFLD. Berberrubine (BRB) is one of the main active metabolites of BBR, which shows significant anti-obesity and antihypoglycemic effects. However, whether BRB is responsible for the in vivo therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of BRB on NAFLD have not been elucidated. In this study, the ability of BRB to ameliorate NAFLD, together with its molecular mechanism, was investigated. The results showed that BRB treatments could significantly improve hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)–fed mice and oleic acid (OA)–treated HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, BBR and BRB treatment similarly prevented lipid accumulation by regulating the protein expression of ATGL, GK, PPARα, CPT-1, ACC1, FAS, and CD36. In addition, compared with BBR, BRB could maintain glucose homeostasis via GLUT2, GSK3β, and G6Pase in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, the components of the gut microbiota in mice were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. BBR and BRB treatment could greatly modify the structure and composition of gut microbiota. At the genus level, BBR and BRB treatment decreased Lactobacillus and Romboutsia, while BBR increased beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia and Bacteroides, and BRB increased beneficial bacteria, such as Ileibacterium and Mucispirillum. Altogether, both BRB and BBR were active in alleviating NAFLD in vivo and BRB might be used as a functional material to treat NAFLD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Congyu Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jichao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Qiu, ; Ning Kang,
| | - Ning Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Qiu, ; Ning Kang,
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134
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Barros G, Duran P, Vera I, Bermúdez V. Exploring the Links between Obesity and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147499. [PMID: 35886846 PMCID: PMC9321445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide since it is associated with the development of chronic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, atherosclerosis, some cancer forms and skin diseases, including psoriasis. Scientific evidence has indicated that the possible link between obesity and psoriasis may be multifactorial, highlighting dietary habits, lifestyle, certain genetic factors and the microbiome as leading factors in the progress of both pathologies because they are associated with a chronic pro-inflammatory state. Thus, inflammation management in obesity is a plausible target for psoriasis, not only because of the sick adipose tissue secretome profile but also due to the relationship of obesity with the rest of the immune derangements associated with psoriasis initiation and maintenance. Hence, this review will provide a general and molecular overview of the relationship between both pathologies and present recent therapeutic advances in treating this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Barros
- Departamento de Post-Grado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ciudad Cuenca 010109, Ecuador;
| | - Pablo Duran
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, The University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (P.D.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivana Vera
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, The University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela; (P.D.); (I.V.)
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Departamento de Post-Grado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ciudad Cuenca 010109, Ecuador;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Correspondence:
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135
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Intervention of Shugan Xiaozhi Decoction on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Mediating Gut-Liver Axis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4801695. [PMID: 35837380 PMCID: PMC9276511 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4801695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with an increasing incidence rate but few therapies. Shugan Xiaozhi decoction (SX) has demonstrated beneficial effects in treating NAFLD with an unclear mechanism. This study was aimed at investigating the therapeutic mechanism of SX on high-fat diet-induced NAFLD rats via the gut-liver axis. Hepatic steatosis and integrity of intestinal mucosa in NAFLD rats were assessed by histopathological staining. The level of lipid and inflammation were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western Blotting was used to detect apolipoprotein (apo) B48 expression. 16S rRNA analysis was used to measure the changes of gut microbial composition after SX treatment. The expressions of zona occludens 1 protein (ZO-1), occludin, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the colon were detected by immunostaining to investigate the intestinal barrier function. Our study found that SX reduced hepatic steatosis, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride and apoB48 expression but increased peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) level. Moreover, SX altered the diversity of gut microbiota, upregulating the relative abundance of f_Prevotellaceae, while downregulating f_Bacteroidales_ S24-7, f_Lachnospiraceae, f_Ruminococcaceae, f_Erysipelotrichaceae, and f_Desulfovibrionaceae. By increasing the expression of ZO-1 and occludin and decreasing the level of proinflammatory factors, including sIgA, lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and transforming growth factor-β1, SX improved intestinal mucosal integrity and barrier function. Our study illustrated that the gut-liver axis was a potential way for SX to ameliorate NAFLD, that is, by regulating the expression of PPARα, apoB48, and modulating gut microbiota to protect the intestinal barrier function, and thus alleviate lipid deposition and inflammatory response in the liver.
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136
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Sha Y, Wu H, Guo Y, Liu X, Mo Y, Yang Q, Wei S, Long K, Lu D, Xia Y, Zheng W, Su Z, Wei X. Effects of iodoacetic acid drinking water disinfection byproduct on the gut microbiota and its metabolism in rats. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 117:91-104. [PMID: 35725093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Iodoacetic acid (IAA) is an unregulated disinfection byproduct in drinking water and has been shown to exert cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, tumorigenicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. However, the effects of IAA on gut microbiota and its metabolism are still unknown, especially the association between gut microbiota and the metabolism and toxicity of IAA. In this study, female and male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to IAA at 0 and 16 mg/kg bw/day daily for 8 weeks by oral gavage. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that IAA could alter the diversity, relative abundance and function of gut microbiota in female and male rats. IAA also increased the abundance of genes related to steroid hormone biosynthesis in the gut microbiota of male rats. Moreover, metabolomics profiling revealed that IAA could significantly disturb 6 and 13 metabolites in the feces of female and male rats, respectively. In female rats, the level of androstanediol increased in the IAA treatment group. These results were consistent with our previous findings, where IAA was identified as an androgen disruptor. Additionally, the perturbed gut microbiota and altered metabolites were correlated with each other. The results of this study indicated that IAA could disturb gut microbiota and its metabolism. These changes in gut microbiota and its metabolism were associated with the reproductive and developmental toxicity of IAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Sha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yan Mo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiyuan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shumao Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Kunling Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Du Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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137
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun J. The clinical effect of probiotics on patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14960-14973. [PMID: 37105767 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2185941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease. The present study explores the clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of patients with NAFLD by conducting a systematic search of relevant databases. The RevMan 5.4 software was used to evaluate the effects of probiotics on liver function (i.e. alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], lipid metabolism, blood glucose, inflammatory factors [e.g. tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α] and body mass index [BMI]) in patients with NAFLD. A total of 18 high-quality studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the use of probiotics in the adjuvant treatment of patients with NAFLD improved liver function and reduced ALT levels (mean difference [MD]: -0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -12.95, -7.19), AST levels (MD: -11.90; 95% CI: -16.55, -7.25) and GGT levels (MD: -8.61; 95% CI: -14.74, -2.48); additionally, the treatment effect was more obvious when the treatment time exceeded 12 weeks. Probiotic therapy reduced patients' triglyceride levels (MD: -9.71; 95% CI: -18.39, -1.03) and total cholesterol levels (MD: -22.31; 95% CI: -25.41, -19.21). Probiotic treatment improved patients' levels of fasting blood (MD: -8.22; 95% CI: -12.25, -4.20), insulin (MD: -2.68; 95% CI: -4.94, -0.41) and insulin resistance (MD: -0.72; 95% CI: -1.21, -0.24). Probiotic adjuvant therapy for patients with NAFLD reduced their BMI by approximately 1.67 (95% CI: -2.93, -0.41) and TNF-α levels. The adjuvant treatment of NAFLD with probiotics has a positive clinical effect, which is influenced by treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Wang
- Department of hepatology, The first clinical medical college of Shandong University of traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Internal medicine of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Shi Minzu Hospital
| | - Jianguang Sun
- Department of hepatology, The first clinical medical college of Shandong University of traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan, China
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138
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Hong T, Jiang X, Zou J, Yang J, Zhang H, Mai H, Ling W, Feng D. Hepatoprotective effect of curcumin against bisphenol A-induced hepatic steatosis via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and related gut-liver axis activation in CD-1 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 109:109103. [PMID: 35780999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to low-dose bisphenol A (BPA) has become a global problem of public health. Our previous work showed that low-dose BPA exposure caused gut microbial dysbiosis and hepatic steatosis. Curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from turmeric, has an inhibitory effect on liver lipid accumulation, whether curcumin can alleviate BPA-induced hepatic steatosis through improving intestinal flora and modulating gut-liver axis remains to be elucidated. Male CD-1 mice were fed with BPA-contaminated diet supplemented with or not with curcumin for 24 weeks. Curcumin supplementation markedly ameliorated liver fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis induced by BPA. Gut microbiota analysis via 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were increased in BPA-fed mice, and this alteration was reversed by curcumin treatment. Akkermansia, which was recognized as a potential probiotic, was significantly reduced after BPA exposure and was restored to the control level with curcumin addition. Furthermore, curcumin supplementation reversed the down-regulation of intestinal tight junction protein expressions (zona occludens-1 and occludin), improved increased gut permeability, reduced serum lipopolysaccharide level and suppressed the activation of hepatic toll-like receptor 4 / nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) pathway induced by BPA. These results indicated that the protective effect of curcumin against hepatic steatosis induced by BPA and further revealed that its mechanism might be its prebiotic effect on maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis and improving intestinal barrier function, consequently reducing serum lipopolysaccharide-triggered inflammatory response in the liver. Our work provides evidence for curcumin as a potential nutritional therapy for BPA-mediated hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haiyan Mai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Yuan M, Lin L, Cao H, Zheng W, Wu L, Zuo H, Tian X, Song H. Intestinal Microbiota Participates in the Protective Effect of HO-1/BMMSCs on Liver Transplantation With Steatotic Liver Grafts in Rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:905567. [PMID: 35756057 PMCID: PMC9226684 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.905567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore whether heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have a protective effect on liver transplantation with steatotic liver grafts in rats, and to determine the role of the intestinal microbiota in such protection. HO-1/BMMSCs were obtained by transduction of Hmox1 gene [encoding heme oxygenase (HO-1)]-encoding adenoviruses into primary rat BMMSCs. Steatotic livers were obtained by feeding rats a high-fat diet, and a model of liver transplantation with steatotic liver grafts was established. The recipients were treated with BMMSCs, HO-1/BMMSCs, or neither, via the portal vein. Two time points were used: postoperative day 1 (POD 1) and POD 7. The results showed that under the effect of HO-1/BMMSCs, the degree of steatosis in the liver grafts was significantly reduced, and the level of liver enzymes and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma were reduced. The effect of HO-1/BMMSCs was better than that of pure BMMSCs in the prolongation of the rats' postoperative time. In addition, HO-1/BMMSCs promoted the recovery of recipients' intestinal structure and function, especially on POD 7. The intestinal villi returned to normal, the expression of tight junction proteins was restored, and intestinal permeability was reduced on POD 7. The intestinal bacterial of the LT group showed significantly weakened energy metabolism and overgrowth. On POD 1, the abundance of Akkermansiaceae was higher. On POD 7, the abundance of Clostridiaceae increased, the level of lipopolysaccharide increased, the intestinal mucosal barrier function was destroyed, and the levels of several invasive bacteria increased. When treated with HO-1/BMMSCs, the energy metabolism of intestinal bacteria was enhanced, and on POD 1, levels bacteria that protect the intestinal mucosa, such as Desulfovibrionaceae, increased significantly. On POD 7, the changed intestinal microbiota improved lipid metabolism and increased the levels of butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae. In conclusion, HO-1/BMMSCs have protective effects on steatotic liver grafts and the intestinal barrier function of the recipients. By improving lipid metabolism and increasing the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, the changed intestinal microbiota has a protective effect and prolongs the recipients' survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshu Yuan
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiping Zheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Longlong Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaiwen Zuo
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Tian
- Tianjin First Central Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongli Song
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin, China
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140
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Zhong M, Yan Y, Yuan H, A R, Xu G, Cai F, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang W. Astragalus mongholicus polysaccharides ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation as well as modulate gut microbiota in NAFLD rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:7287-7301. [PMID: 35726797 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01009g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis are hallmarks of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the leading cause of chronic liver disease with no therapeutic consensus. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of the effects of Astragalus mongholicus polysaccharides (mAPS) on lipid metabolism, inflammation and gut microbiota in a rat model of NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results showed that mAPS and Berberine supplementation reduced HFD-induced increases in body weight, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and these changes were accompanied by improved histological changes in the liver. Moreover, administration of mAPS and Berberine resulted in lower levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) but higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in HFD-fed rats. mAPS and Berberine treatment markedly reduced HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, which was associated with increased expression of phosphorylated- adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) but decreased expression of sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP-1). Pretreatment with mAPS or Berberine reduced HFD-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, mAPS downregulated the expression of colonic and hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) as well as phosphorylated- nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) but upregulated the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in HFD-fed rats. Notably, mAPS treatment reshaped the intestinal microbiome by lowering the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and increasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and Epsilonbacteria. mAPS supplementation had little effect on the profile of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but it significantly decreased the expression of colonic and hepatic G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 41 and 43. Therefore, mAPS supplementation ameliorates hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation in NAFLD by modulating the gut microbiota and SCFA-GPR signaling pathways. The present study provides new evidence for mAPS as a natural active substance in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Yan Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Haisheng Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Rong A
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China
| | - Guoquan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Fujuan Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Yuning Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
| | - Wenguang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, PR China.
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141
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Yu W, Wang P, Zhang Q, He Y, Wang L. Significance of LncRNA NEAT1 Alterations During Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Association with Gut Microbiota. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1287.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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142
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Zeng Y, Cao R, Tao Z, Gao Y. Association between the severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and the risk of colorectal neoplasm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:52. [PMID: 35668493 PMCID: PMC9172084 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) reportedly plays a part in the etiology of colorectal tumors. However, there is no consensus. Methods Studies relevant with the impact of MAFLD severity on the risk of colorectal neoplasms published before 24th April 2022 were screened. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was obtained using standard and cumulative meta-analyses. Subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were carried out to identify heterogeneity. Results Fourteen studies with data from 37,824 MAFLD patients were included. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasms escalated with the progression of MAFLD compared to simple steatosis (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.42–2.62). The magnitude and direction of the effect on these outcomes remained largely constant over time. Even after limiting the meta-analysis to 8 studies with available adjusted OR (aOR), the findings still suggested that MAFLD severity was positively related to colorectal neoplasms (aOR = 3.03; 95% CI = 2.02–4.53). Severe MAFLD was more likely to cause left colon tumors (OR = 3.86, 95% CI = 2.16–6.91) than right colon neoplasms (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.15–3.28). Conclusion The severity of MAFLD was independently related to colorectal neoplasms and severe MAFLD was more likely to cause left colon tumors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01659-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ruyue Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziwen Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wen Hua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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143
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Guo X, Tang P, Hou C, Chong L, Zhang X, Liu P, Chen L, Liu Y, Zhang L, Li R. Integrated Microbiome and Host Transcriptome Profiles Link Parkinson’s Disease to Blautia Genus: Evidence From Feces, Blood, and Brain. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:875101. [PMID: 35722294 PMCID: PMC9204254 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.875101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A link between the gut microbiome and Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been intensively studied, and more than 100 differential genera were identified across the studies. However, the predominant genera contributing to PD remain poorly understood. Inspired by recent advances showing microbiota distribution in the blood and brain, we, here, comprehensively investigated currently available fecal microbiome data (1,914 samples) to identify significantly altered genera, which were further validated by comparison to the results from microbiome analysis of blood (85 samples) and brain (268 samples). Our data showed that the composition of fecal microbiota was different from that of blood and brain. We found that Blautia was the unique genus consistently depleted across feces, blood, and brain samples of PD patients (P < 0.05), despite using rigorous criteria to remove contaminants. Moreover, enrichment analyses revealed that host genes correlated with Blautia genus abundance were mainly involved in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, and mapped to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and metabolic diseases. A random forest classifier constructed with fecal microbiota data demonstrated that Blautia genus was an important feature contributing to discriminating PD patients from controls [receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-area under curve (AUC) = 0.704, precision-recall curve (PRC)-AUC = 0.787]. Through the integration of microbiome and transcriptome, our study depicted microbial profiles in the feces, blood, and brain of PD patients, and identified Blautia genus as a potential genus linked to PD. Further studies are greatly encouraged to determine the role of Blautia genus in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Guo
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Chong
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Li,
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144
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Derosa G, Guasti L, D’Angelo A, Martinotti C, Valentino MC, Di Matteo S, Bruno GM, Maresca AM, Gaudio GV, Maffioli P. Probiotic Therapy With VSL#3® in Patients With NAFLD: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:846873. [PMID: 35685888 PMCID: PMC9172906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate if VSL#3® [a high-concentration multi-strain probiotic mix containing one strain of Streptococcus thermophilus BT01, three strains of Bifidobacteria (B. breve BB02; B. animalis subspecies [subsp.] lactis BL03, previously identified as B. longum BL03; and B. animalis subsp. lactis BI04, previously identified as B. infantis BI04), and four strains of Lactobacilli (L. acidophilus BA05, L. plantarum BP06, L. paracasei BP07, and L. helveticus BD08, previously identified as L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus BD08)] therapy could improve hepatic parameters. Methods We enrolled 60 Caucasian patients aged ≥ 18 years of either sex with the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), according to practice guidance, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomized to take placebo or VSL#3®, 2 sachets/day in the morning for 3 months. VSL#3® and placebo were self-administered. Results We did not observe any change in body mass index (BMI), circumferences, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and adiponectin (ADN) with neither treatment. A statistically significant triglycerides (Tg) decrease (p < 0.05 vs. baseline, and p < 0.05 vs. placebo, respectively) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) decrease (p < 0.05 vs. baseline) was observed in the group of patients being treated with VSL#3® compared with placebo. Transaminases and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) were significantly reduced in VSL#3® group (p < 0.05 vs. baseline and placebo, respectively) compared with the placebo group. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were significantly lower than the VSL#3® group (p < 0.05 vs. baseline and placebo, respectively) compared with the placebo group. All patients reported an improvement or the disappearance of hepatic steatosis. Conclusion Probiotic therapy with VSL#3® ameliorates hepatic parameters and echography grading, while reducing Tg and the inflammatory status, without any difference between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Derosa
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Derosa,
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Geriatric Division, ASST dei Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Angela D’Angelo
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinotti
- S.A.V.E. Studi Analisi Valutazioni Economiche Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Di Matteo
- S.A.V.E. Studi Analisi Valutazioni Economiche Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo M. Bruno
- Department of Management Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Andrea M. Maresca
- Medical Division, ASST dei Sette Laghi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Pamela Maffioli
- Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), Bologna, Italy
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145
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Dai Y, Zhu W, Zhou J, Shen T. The combination of berberine and evodiamine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with modulation of gut microbiota in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e12096. [PMID: 35584453 PMCID: PMC9113531 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be a manifestation of hepatic metabolic syndrome. Some studies on the pathogenesis of NAFLD by targeting gut microbiota have attracted wide attention. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of berberine and evodiamine on metabolic diseases and gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, it is not known whether the combination of berberine and evodiamine (BE) can prevent the development of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective effects of BE on the development of HFD-induced NAFLD from the perspective of the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota profiles were established by high throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The effects of BE on liver and intestinal tissue, intestinal barrier integrity, and hepatic inflammation were also investigated. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota were enriched by BE treatment, with an increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Prevotella, and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria such as Fusobacterium and Lachnospira. In addition, BE effectively improved liver fat accumulation and tissue damage, inhibited the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, increased the contents of intestinal tight junction proteins, and decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Consequently, BE treatment could be an effective and alternative strategy for alleviating NAFLD by modulating gut microbiota and safeguarding the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Dai
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Tao Shen
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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146
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Said I, Ahad H, Said A. Gut microbiome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Current knowledge and potential for therapeutics. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:947-958. [PMID: 35646285 PMCID: PMC9124992 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i5.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are rising in incidence and are an increasingly common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The gut microbiome is closely connected to the liver via the portal vein, and has recently been identified as a predictor of liver disease state. Studies in NAFLD, cirrhosis and HCC have identified certain microbial signatures associated with these diseases, with the disease-associated microbiome changes collectively referred to as dysbiosis. The pathophysiologic underpinnings of these observations are an area of ongoing investigation, with current evidence demonstrating that the gut microbiome can influence liver disease and carcinogenesis via effects on intestinal permeability (leaky gut) and activation of the innate immune system. In the innate immune system, pathogen recognition receptors (Toll like receptors) on resident liver cells and macrophages cause liver inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocyte proliferation and reduced antitumor immunity, leading to chronic liver disease and carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis-associated changes include increase in secondary bile acids and reduced expression of FXR (nuclear receptor), which have also been associated with deleterious effects on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism associated with progressive liver disease. Longitudinal experimental and clinical studies are needed in different populations to examine these questions further. The role of therapeutics that modulate the microbiome is an emerging field with experimental studies showing the potential of diet, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and prebiotics in improving liver disease in experimental models. Clinical studies are ongoing with preliminary evidence showing improvement in liver enzymes and steatosis. The microbial profile is different in responders to cancer immunotherapy including liver cancer, but whether or not manipulation of the microbiome can be utilized to affect response is being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imaad Said
- Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Hassan Ahad
- Kansas University, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States
| | - Adnan Said
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, William S. Middleton VAMC, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, United States
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147
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Ficus hirta Vahl. Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3474723. [PMID: 35592528 PMCID: PMC9113867 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3474723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has gradually become one of the most serious liver diseases threatening human health in the world. Currently, Chinese herbal medicine is a potentially important treatment option for NAFLD, and the development of effective Chinese herbal medicine has a good prospect. Previous studies have suggested that Ficus hirta Vahl. (FV) has various protective effects on the liver. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic outcomes of FV treatment for the liver disease and its underlying mechanism using HepG2 cell lines induced by palmitate (PA) and mouse model fed with high-fat diet (HFD). FV mainly exerts pharmacological effects by mediating lipid metabolism and inflammation. During the lipid metabolism regulation process, CD36, SREBP-1, SCD1, PPAR γ, ACOX1, and CPT1α are the key factors related to the healing effects of FV on NAFLD. During the inflammation process, the downregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α is involved in alleviation of NAFLD. Furthermore, CD36 overexpression promotes lipid abnormal metabolism and inflammation in PA-induced HepG2 cells, while CD36 knockdown and FV supplementation reverse these responses. In addition, FV also modulates gut microbiota composition, such as Allobaculum, Faecalibaculum, and Butyricicoccus in HFD-fed mice. In summary, our findings demonstrated that FV exerted a beneficial preventive and therapeutic effect on NAFLD by improving lipid metabolism and inflammation as well as regulating the structure of gut microbiota, and therefore, FV may be a candidate for the treatment of NAFLD.
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148
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Liu Y, Méric G, Havulinna AS, Teo SM, Åberg F, Ruuskanen M, Sanders J, Zhu Q, Tripathi A, Verspoor K, Cheng S, Jain M, Jousilahti P, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Loomba R, Lahti L, Niiranen T, Salomaa V, Knight R, Inouye M. Early prediction of incident liver disease using conventional risk factors and gut-microbiome-augmented gradient boosting. Cell Metab 2022; 34:719-730.e4. [PMID: 35354069 PMCID: PMC9097589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has shown promise as a predictive biomarker for various diseases. However, the potential of gut microbiota for prospective risk prediction of liver disease has not been assessed. Here, we utilized shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing of a large population-based cohort (N > 7,000) with ∼15 years of follow-up in combination with machine learning to investigate the predictive capacity of gut microbial predictors individually and in conjunction with conventional risk factors for incident liver disease. Separately, conventional and microbial factors showed comparable predictive capacity. However, microbiome augmentation of conventional risk factors using machine learning significantly improved the performance. Similarly, disease-free survival analysis showed significantly improved stratification using microbiome-augmented models. Investigation of predictive microbial signatures revealed previously unknown taxa for liver disease, as well as those previously associated with hepatic function and disease. This study supports the potential clinical validity of gut metagenomic sequencing to complement conventional risk factors for prediction of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Guillaume Méric
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shu Mei Teo
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fredrik Åberg
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery Clinic, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Ruuskanen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jon Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karin Verspoor
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Inouye
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK.
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Wu H, He X, Li Q, Zheng Y, Rayamajhi S, Thapa A, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Gu Y, Zhang S, Zhang T, Wang X, Zhang J, Cao Z, Dong J, Zheng X, Zhang X, Dong X, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Chang H, Niu K. Relationship between the consumption of wholegrain and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The TCLSIH cohort study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1483-1490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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150
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Bashir A, Duseja A, De A, Mehta M, Tiwari P. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development: A multifactorial pathogenic phenomena. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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