101
|
Combined Short-Path Distillation and Solvent-Assisted Crystallization of Beef Fatty Acid Methyl Esters. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-017-3054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
102
|
Effects of tannins on the fatty acid profiles of rumen fluids and milk from lactating goats fed a total mixed ration containing rapeseed oil. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
103
|
Roberts JC, Rodas-González A, Galbraith J, Dugan MER, Larsen IL, Aalhus JL, López-Campos Ó. Nitrite Embedded Vacuum Packaging Improves Retail Color and Oxidative Stability of Bison Steaks and Patties. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb2017.03.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bison meat is prone to rapid discoloration under traditional aerobic retail packaging conditions. The aim of this study was to determine if the color stability of bison steaks and burger patties could be improved through packaging meat with a vacuum-sealed film containing embedded sodium nitrite. Bison bulls (n = 40) were slaughtered and the longissimus lumborum (LL) and rhomboideus (RH) were removed. Following a postmortem aging period of 6, 13, or 20 d steaks were obtained from the LL. RH muscles aged 6 d were ground (85:15 lean to fat) and formed into 140 g patties. One steak and two burger patties from each carcass side were placed into either a polystyrene tray overwrapped with oxygen permeable polyvinyl chloride film (CONT) or a polyethylene tray vacuum sealed with film coated in sodium nitrite (113 mg × m–2; NIT); meat was placed under simulated retail conditions for 4 d. A 3-way interaction was observed between packaging type, whole muscle aging and time in retail display for objective (L*, Chroma, and Hue) and subjective (lean color score and proportion of surface discoloration) color measures from steaks (P < 0.0001). The CONT packaged meat showed an increased area of discoloration and in metmyoglobin after 4 d in retail display (P < 0.0001); NIT meats did not show a higher area of discoloration or metmyoglobin after retail display. Additionally, NIT packaged steaks and burger patties lightened (higher L*) and became redder over the course of the retail display period. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (products of lipid peroxidation) did not increase in NIT packaged burger patties after 4 d under retail conditions, however, there was a significant increase observed for CONT packaged burger patties (P < 0.0001). NIT packaging appears to effectively improve the color stability of bison meat under retail conditions, making this packaging strategy well suited to address the issue of rapid discoloration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Roberts
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| | - A. Rodas-González
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| | | | - M. E. R. Dugan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| | - I. L. Larsen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| | - J. L. Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| | - Ó. López-Campos
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lacombe Research and Development Centre
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Vahmani P, Rolland D, McAllister T, Block H, Proctor S, Guan L, Prieto N, López-Campos Ó, Aalhus J, Dugan M. Effects of feeding steers extruded flaxseed on its own before hay or mixed with hay on animal performance, carcass quality, and meat and hamburger fatty acid composition. Meat Sci 2017; 131:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
105
|
Gómez-Cortés P, Rodríguez-Pino V, Juárez M, de la Fuente M. Optimization of milk odd and branched-chain fatty acids analysis by gas chromatography using an extremely polar stationary phase. Food Chem 2017; 231:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
106
|
Castellani F, Vitali A, Bernardi N, Marone E, Palazzo F, Grotta L, Martino G. Dietary supplementation with dried olive pomace in dairy cows modifies the composition of fatty acids and the aromatic profile in milk and related cheese. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:8658-8669. [PMID: 28843691 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary integration of dried olive pomace (DOP), a by-product of olive oil separation, on nutritional and aromatic properties of milk and cheese. Twenty dairy cows were divided into 2 groups that were balanced for milk yield, parity, and days in milk. The control group was fed a conventional diet (20 kg of dry matter/head per day), whereas the experimental group (EG) received the conventional diet supplemented with DOP as 10% of dry matter. During the trial, milk yield was recorded and the samples of milk, cheese, total mixed rations, and DOP were collected and analyzed to determine the chemical-nutritional composition and aromatic profile. Atherogenic and thrombogenic indices were calculated on the basis of the fatty acid (FA) profile of milk and cheese. Data were analyzed according to the mixed model for milk yield and chemical composition, including cows nested within treatment as a random effect, whereas the general linear model was used for the analysis of cheese parameters. Differences were assessed by Tukey's test. The EG diet had a lower content of palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids and a higher level of oleic acid compared with the control. Dietary DOP integration did not affect milk yield and composition with the exception of protein content, which was greater in EG and significantly affected by diet and period. Instead, period was found to be significant for fat and casein in both groups. Dietary supplementation with DOP modified the FA profile of milk and cheese. There was a decrease in short- and medium-chain FA, but significance was achieved only for palmitic acid. The stearic, isomer trans of oleic (in particular vaccenic acid), oleic, and isomer trans of linoleic acids significantly increased. Monounsaturated FA increased in EG milk and cheese and saturated FA were significantly lower, whereas no difference was marked between the groups regarding level of polyunsaturated FA. Supplementation with DOP reduced atherogenic and thrombogenic indices and increased conjugated linoleic acid in both milk and cheese. The free fatty acids, ketones, lactones, esters, and phenylalanine catabolites were increased in raw milk, whereas only leucine metabolism was affected by diet in pasteurized milk cheese at both 1 and 30 d of ripening. The present results pointed out that DOP supplementation may improve the nutritional and nutraceutical properties and modify the aroma of milk and derived cheese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Castellani
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - A Vitali
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - N Bernardi
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - E Marone
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - F Palazzo
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - L Grotta
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100
| | - G Martino
- Facoltà di Bioscienze e Tecnologie Agroalimentari ed Ambientali, Università di Teramo, Teramo, Italy, 64100.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Blanco C, Giráldez JF, Morán L, Mateo J, Villalobos-Delgado LH, Andrés S, Bodas R. Effects of sunflower soap stocks on light lamb meat quality. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:3455-3466. [PMID: 28805886 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-two lambs were used to study the effect of sunflower soap stocks (SS), a by-product from the vegetable oil refinery industry, on meat chemical composition, fatty acid profile, volatile compounds, and consumer acceptability. Lambs were finished (average length of fattening period 35 ± 7.3 d, 26.8 ± 0.09 kg final BW) on a pelleted total mixed ration (TMR) with no SS (00SS) or including 15, 30 or 60 g SS/kg (15SS, 30SS, and 60SS, respectively). Sunflower soap stocks decreased the percentage of SFA, increased the proportion of -MUFA ( < 0.05), and modified the levels of several odor-active lipid-derived volatile compounds ( 0.05). Consumers were able to distinguish between control and 15SS meat samples in a triangular test ( < 0.05), but a well-defined preference for meat of any of these treatments was not exhibited ( > 0.05). Atherogenicity and saturation indexes decreased by 31% and 27%, respectively, in SS groups compared to control (linear 0.05). However, certain volatile compounds (benzene and toluene) and 10-18:1 fatty acid, known potential hazards for human health, were increased in meat from lambs fed TMR with SS. For this reason, only inclusion rates up to 15 g SS/kg TMR seem to sustain a satisfactory balance between beneficial and detrimental effects on lamb meat composition and quality.
Collapse
|
108
|
Effect of slaughter age and feeding system on the neutral and polar lipid composition of horse meat. Animal 2017; 12:417-425. [PMID: 28720155 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117001689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to provide a thorough analysis of the neutral lipid (NL) and polar lipid (PL) fractions of horse meat that included the content and distribution of acyl and alkenyl moieties in foals under different rearing conditions. Two groups of crossbred horses were studied; the first group was selected from suckling foals produced under grazing conditions and slaughtered at 4 months of age (n=8), and the second group was selected from concentrate-finished foals and slaughtered at 12 months of age (n=7). There were significant differences related to the age and feeding practices of foals which affected the intramuscular (IM) fat content and the fatty acid (FA) composition of NL and PL fractions. Samples from suckling foals were leaner and provided the highest content of methylation products from the plasmalogenic lipids, and total and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). By contrast, the meat from concentrate-finished foals had a higher IM fat level resulting in a greater accumulation of 16:0 and total monounsaturated FAs in the NL fraction, whereas the muscle PL fraction retained a similar FA composition between both groups. Linolenic acid was preferentially deposited in the NL fraction, but linoleic acid and the long-chain n-3 and n-6 PUFAs were incorporated into the PL fraction where they served as cell membrane constituents and in eicosanoid formation.
Collapse
|
109
|
Gama MAS, Filho HGB, Bizzo HR, Antoniassi R. Analytical shortcomings and other considerations related to the identification of biomarkers of dairy fat intake. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:1022-1023. [PMID: 28656972 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M A S Gama
- Embrapa Dairy Cattle. Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - H G B Filho
- Embrapa Dairy Cattle. Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - H R Bizzo
- Embrapa Food Technology, Avenida das Américas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Antoniassi
- Embrapa Food Technology, Avenida das Américas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Han TL, Yang Y, Zhang H, Law KP. Analytical challenges of untargeted GC-MS-based metabolomics and the critical issues in selecting the data processing strategy. F1000Res 2017; 6:967. [PMID: 28868138 PMCID: PMC5553085 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11823.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A challenge of metabolomics is data processing the enormous amount of information generated by sophisticated analytical techniques. The raw data of an untargeted metabolomic experiment are composited with unwanted biological and technical variations that confound the biological variations of interest. The art of data normalisation to offset these variations and/or eliminate experimental or biological biases has made significant progress recently. However, published comparative studies are often biased or have omissions.
Methods: We investigated the issues with our own data set, using five different representative methods of internal standard-based, model-based, and pooled quality control-based approaches, and examined the performance of these methods against each other in an epidemiological study of gestational diabetes using plasma.
Results: Our results demonstrated that the quality control-based approaches gave the highest data precision in all methods tested, and would be the method of choice for controlled experimental conditions. But for our epidemiological study, the model-based approaches were able to classify the clinical groups more effectively than the quality control-based approaches because of their ability to minimise not only technical variations, but also biological biases from the raw data.
Conclusions: We suggest that metabolomic researchers should optimise and justify the method they have chosen for their experimental condition in order to obtain an optimal biological outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Li Han
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, China-Canada-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Foetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, China-Canada-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Foetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, China-Canada-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Foetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kai P Law
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, China-Canada-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Foetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Vahmani P, Aalhus JL, Rolland DC, McAllister TA, Prieto N, Block HC, Proctor SD, Guan LL, Dugan MER. Sequential Feeding of Lipid Supplement Enriches Beef Adipose Tissues with 18:3n-3 Biohydrogenation Intermediates. Lipids 2017; 52:641-649. [PMID: 28547181 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine if feeding steers extruded flaxseed and hay (25 and 75%; DM basis) together as a total mixed ration (TMR), or sequentially (non-TMR) would result in different enrichments of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their biohydrogenation intermediates (BHI) in beef adipose tissues [subcutaneous (SC) vs perirenal (PR) fat]. Forty-eight Angus cross steers (325 ± 16 kg) were stratified by weight to six pens, and pens were randomized to either TMR or non-TMR and fed ad libitum for an average of 242 days. The concentrations of α-linolenic acid increased by 18 mol% in both SC and PR in non-TMR steers compared to TMR steers (P < 0.01). trans 18:1 isomers were more concentrated in PR than SC (14.4 vs 9.5 mol%; P < 0.01) and increased by 10 mol% in both fat depots for non-TMR (P < 0.01). Other BHI including non-methylene-interrupted 18:2 (atypical dienes), conjugated linoleic acids and conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) were affected by diet × tissue interactions (P < 0.01). The CLnA and CLA contents were higher in both fat depots when feeding the non-TMR, but the effect of diet was more pronounced in PR than in SC (P < 0.01). Atypical dienes were highest in PR from non-TMR and lowest in TMR fed steers (4.3 and 3.6 mol%) with SC contents being intermediate. The sequential feeding of lipid supplement can thus profoundly affect the enrichment of PUFA and their BHI in beef fat and their differentially enrichment is also fat depot dependant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Vahmani
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - J L Aalhus
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - D C Rolland
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - T A McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - N Prieto
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - H C Block
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada
| | - S D Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes and Mazankowski Institutes, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - L L Guan
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - M E R Dugan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Chikwanha OC, Vahmani P, Muchenje V, Dugan MER, Mapiye C. Nutritional enhancement of sheep meat fatty acid profile for human health and wellbeing. Food Res Int 2017; 104:25-38. [PMID: 29433780 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids (FA) consumed by sheep, like other ruminants, can undergo biohydrogenation resulting in high proportions of saturated FA (SFA) in meat. Biohydrogenation is typically less extensive in sheep than cattle, and consequently, sheep meat can contain higher proportions of omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), and PUFA biohydrogenation intermediates (PUFA-BHI) including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-monounsaturated FAs (t-MUFA). Sheep meat is also noted for having characteristically higher contents of branched chain FA (BCFA). From a human health and wellness perspective, some SFA and trans-MUFA have been found to negatively affect blood lipid profiles, and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). On the other hand, n-3 PUFA, BCFA and some PUFA-BHI may have many potential beneficial effects on human health and wellbeing. In particular, vaccenic acid (VA), rumenic acid (RA) and BCFA may have potential for protecting against cancer and inflammatory disorders among other human health benefits. Several innovative strategies have been evaluated for their potential to enrich sheep meat with FA which may have human health benefits. To this end, dietary manipulation has been found to be the most effective strategy of improving the FA profile of sheep meat. However, there is a missing link between the FA profile of sheep meat, human consumption patterns of sheep FA and chronic diseases. The current review provides an overview of the nutritional strategies used to enhance the FA profile of sheep meat for human consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Obert C Chikwanha
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Payam Vahmani
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Voster Muchenje
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Gómez-Cortés P, de la Fuente MA. Classification of Human Milks Based on Their Trans 18:1 Fatty Acid Profile and Effect of Maternal Diet. Breastfeed Med 2017; 12:238-243. [PMID: 28278390 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2016.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diet of breastfeeding women influences the trans fatty acid (TFA) composition of the milk excreted. However, the effects associated to TFA are isomer-dependent and diverse TFA profiles may have different nutritional implications. OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to evaluate whether certain TFA patterns in human milk fat can be used as indicators of TFA intake from different sources. METHODS Milk fat from 60 women were examined and classified based on their TFA profile and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) contents by principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS The PCA of the data allowed the classification of the women into 3 groups depending on milk TFA content and profile. From the 60 subjects, 19 presented a TFA profile characteristic of ruminant products intake, 10 a typical TFA profile of industrial trans fats consumption and 31 a negligible trans content. Superimposed on this, 21 women presented high amounts of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) which was related to fish intake. CONCLUSIONS The present research overcome problems associated to heterogeneous groups in nutritional experiments by a statistical classification of lactating subjects based on the TFA composition of their milk. This classification could be extrapolated to other nutritional studies dealing with TFA analysis and samples of different nature as biological samples or foodstuffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Gómez-Cortés
- 1 Food Research Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Miguel Angel de la Fuente
- 2 Departamento de Bioactividad y Análisis de Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Gómez‐Cortés P, Martínez Marín AL, de la Fuente MA. Detailed fatty acid profile of serum lipid classes in lactating women and their relationship with milk fat. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
115
|
Joele MR, Lourenço LF, Lourenço Júnior JB, Araújo GS, Budel JC, Garcia AR. Meat quality of buffaloes finished in traditional or silvopastoral system in the Brazilian Eastern Amazon. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1740-1745. [PMID: 27448191 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to assess the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of meat from buffaloes finished in a Traditional System (TS) or Traditional + Silvopastoral System (TSPS) with dietary supplementation. Crossbred Murrah × Mediterranean buffaloes were raised from weaning to slaughter in the TS (n = 15) or were raised in the traditional system and finished in the TSPS (n = 15). After finishing, animals were slaughtered and their carcasses refrigerated for 24 h. The right side of each half-carcass was cut between the 12th and 13th ribs and the Longissimus thoracis muscle was removed. The cranial part underwent analyses of pH, color, weight loss as a result of cooking, water holding capacity, texture and sensory characteristics, whereas the rest of the muscle underwent microbiological analyses and determination of the chemical composition, fatty acid profile and mineral content. RESULTS No major difference between finishing systems was found (P > 0.05) in the physical analyses and chemical composition of meat. The percentage of myristic acid (C14:0) and the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids differed between treatments. The TS meat had the best 'characteristic meat aroma'. CONCLUSION Considering the quality of meat produced in the TS or TSPS, it is concluded that finishing buffaloes in the pasture still represents the best alternative. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rsp Joele
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará, Rodovia BR 316, km 61, Zip Code 68740-970, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Fh Lourenço
- Federal University of Pará - UFPA, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Zip Code 68746-360, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - José B Lourenço Júnior
- Federal University of Pará - UFPA, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Zip Code 68746-360, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Geisielly S Araújo
- Federal University of Pará - UFPA, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Zip Code 68746-360, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cc Budel
- Federal University of Pará - UFPA, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Zip Code 68746-360, Castanhal, PA, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Garcia
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 234, Zip Code 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Kuhnt K, Degen C, Jahreis G. Evaluation of the Impact of Ruminant Trans Fatty Acids on Human Health: Important Aspects to Consider. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1964-80. [PMID: 25746671 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.808605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The definition and evaluation of trans fatty acids (TFA) with regard to foodstuffs and health hazard are not consistent. Based on the current situation, the term should be restricted only to TFA with isolated double bonds in trans-configuration. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) should be separately assessed. Ideally, the origin of the consumed fat should be declared, i.e., ruminant TFA (R-TFA) and industrial TFA (non-ruminant; I-TFA). In ruminant fat, more than 50% of R-TFA consists of vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11). In addition, natural CLA, i.e., c9,t11 CLA is also present. Both are elevated in products from organic farming. In contrast to elaidic acid (t9) and t10, which occur mainly in partially hydrogenated industrial fat, t11 is partially metabolized into c9,t11 CLA via Δ9-desaturation. This is the major metabolic criterion used to differentiate between t11 and other trans C18:1. t11 indicates health beneficial effects in several studies. Moreover, CLA in milk fat is associated with the prevention of allergy and asthma. An analysis of the few studies relating to R-TFA alone makes clear that no convincing adverse physiological effect can be attributed to R-TFA. Only extremely high R-TFA intakes cause negative change in blood lipids. In conclusion, in most European countries, the intake of R-TFA is assessed as being low to moderate. Restriction of R-TFA would unjustifiably represent a disadvantage for organic farming of milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Kuhnt
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
| | - Christian Degen
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
| | - Gerhard Jahreis
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Pros and cons of the supplementation with oilseed enriched concentrates on milk fatty acid profile of dairy sheep grazing Mediterranean pastures. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
118
|
Conte G, Benelli G, Serra A, Signorini F, Bientinesi M, Nicolella C, Mele M, Canale A. Lipid characterization of chestnut and willow honeybee-collected pollen: Impact of freeze-drying and microwave-assisted drying. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
119
|
Building of prediction models by using Mid-Infrared spectroscopy and fatty acid profile to discriminate the geographical origin of sheep milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
120
|
Mele M, Macciotta N, Cecchinato A, Conte G, Schiavon S, Bittante G. Multivariate factor analysis of detailed milk fatty acid profile: Effects of dairy system, feeding, herd, parity, and stage of lactation. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:9820-9833. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
121
|
Incorporation of root C and fertilizer N into the food web of an arable field: Variations with functional group and energy channel. FOOD WEBS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
122
|
Non-conjugated cis/trans 18:2 in Beef Fat are Mainly Δ-9 Desaturation Products of trans-18:1 Isomers. Lipids 2016; 51:1427-1433. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
123
|
Minieri S, Buccioni A, Serra A, Galigani I, Pezzati A, Rapaccini S, Antongiovanni M. Nutritional characteristics and quality of eggs from laying hens fed on a diet supplemented with chestnut tannin extract (Castanea sativa Miller). Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:824-832. [PMID: 27636857 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1216944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The trial was performed with 80 laying hens belonging to two Tuscan autochthonous breeds: 40 birds of the Mugellese (MU) breed and 40 of the White Leghorn (WL) breed. The animals were allotted to 4 groups of individually caged 20 hens each: two groups were fed on a commercial diet and worked as the control groups (MUC and WLC); the other two groups received the same diet, integrated with 2 g of chestnut tannin (CT) extract per kg of diet (MUT and WLT). A sample of 70 eggs were randomly collected and analysed for cholesterol content, fatty acid (FA) profile, weight, thickness of shell and colour of yolk. Physical parameters, including yolk colour, and indices of egg quality were not affected by the treatments. The concentration of unsaturated FAs increased, whereas cholesterol was significantly decreased: -17% in WLT and -9% in MUT. Dietary supplementation with CT extract resulted in a modification of lipid composition, towards a more healthy quality of eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Minieri
- a Department of Veterinary Science , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - A Buccioni
- b Department of Agrifood Production and Enviromental Sciences, Animal Science Section , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - A Serra
- c Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-environmental , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - I Galigani
- b Department of Agrifood Production and Enviromental Sciences, Animal Science Section , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - A Pezzati
- b Department of Agrifood Production and Enviromental Sciences, Animal Science Section , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - S Rapaccini
- b Department of Agrifood Production and Enviromental Sciences, Animal Science Section , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
124
|
Belaunzaran X, Lavín P, Barron LJR, Mantecón AR, Kramer JKG, Aldai N. An assessment of the fatty acid composition of horse-meat available at the retail level in northern Spain. Meat Sci 2016; 124:39-47. [PMID: 27835833 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the fatty acid composition of horse-meat available at the retail market in northern Spain. Horse steaks (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle; n=82) were purchased from butcher-shops and large grocery stores throughout six northern regions of Spain in two different seasons. Fat content differed significantly among regions (1.12 to 2.77%). Samples with higher intramuscular fat content presented the highest percentages of total monounsaturated fatty acids and the lowest contents of dimethylacetal and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), while the opposite was found in the leanest samples. A high variability was observed in the muscle and subcutaneous n-3 PUFA content. Overall, total n-3 PUFA content ranged between 1.17% and 18.9% in muscle fat and between 1.52% and 27.9% in backfat. Interestingly, almost 5% of surveyed loins from horse carcasses (4 out of 82) contained over 300mg of linolenic acid per 100g of meat which could have been marketed as a "source" of n-3 FAs according to Commission Regulation (EU) No 116/2010.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Belaunzaran
- Lactiker Research Group, Department of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Paz Lavín
- Mountain Livestock Institute, CSIC-ULE, Finca Marzanas, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Luis J R Barron
- Lactiker Research Group, Department of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Angel R Mantecón
- Mountain Livestock Institute, CSIC-ULE, Finca Marzanas, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - John K G Kramer
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Noelia Aldai
- Lactiker Research Group, Department of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Belaunzaran X, Bravo-Lamas L, Kramer JK, Morales R, Aldai N. Silver ion solid-phase extraction cartridges employing glass housings overcome the limitations observed in the GC analysis of animal lipids with lowtransfatty acid content. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Belaunzaran
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; Lascaray Research Centre; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - Leire Bravo-Lamas
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; Lascaray Research Centre; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - John K.G. Kramer
- Guelph Food Research Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Rodrigo Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-INIA - Remehue; Osorno Chile
| | - Noelia Aldai
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences; Lascaray Research Centre; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Vahmani P, Meadus WJ, Rolland DC, Duff P, Dugan MER. Trans10,cis15 18:2 Isolated from Beef Fat Does Not Have the Same Anti-Adipogenic Properties as Trans10,cis12–18:2 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Lipids 2016; 51:1231-1239. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
127
|
Vahmani P, Meadus WJ, da Silva ML, Mitchell AD, Mapiye C, Duff P, Rolland DC, Dugan ME. A trans10-18:1 enriched fraction from beef fed a barley grain-based diet induces lipogenic gene expression and reduces viability of HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 7:84-90. [PMID: 28955893 PMCID: PMC5613299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Beef fat is a natural source of trans (t) fatty acids, and is typically enriched with either t10-18:1 or t11-18:1. Little is known about the bioactivity of individual t-18:1 isomers, and the present study compared the effects of t9-18:1, cis (c)9-18:1 and trans (t)-18:1 fractions isolated from beef fat enriched with either t10-18:1 (HT10) or t11-18:1 (HT11). All 18:1 isomers resulted in reduced human liver (HepG2) cell viability relative to control. Both c9-18:1 and HT11were the least toxic, t9-18:1had dose response increased toxicity, and HT10 had the greatest toxicity (P<0.05). Incorporation of t18:1 isomers was 1.8-2.5 fold greater in triacylglycerol (TG) than phospholipids (PL), whereas Δ9 desaturation products were selectively incorporated into PL. Culturing HepG2 cells with t9-18:1 and HT10 increased (P<0.05) the Δ9 desaturation index (c9-16:1/16:0) compared to other fatty acid treatments. HT10 and t9-18:1 also increased expression of lipogenic genes (FAS, SCD1, HMGCR and SREBP2) compared to control (P<0.05), whereas c9-18:1 and HT11 did not affect the expression of these genes. Our results suggest effects of HT11 and c9-18:1 were similar to BSA control, whereas HT10 and t-9 18:1 (i.e. the predominant trans fatty acid isomer found in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils) were more cytotoxic and led to greater expression of lipogenic genes.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase
- Ag+-SPE, silver ion solid phase extraction
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- Beef
- Cell culture
- Cytotoxicity
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- Fatty acid metabolism
- HMGCR, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
- HT10, high-t10 fraction
- HT11, high-t11 fraction
- Liver
- MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids
- PHVO, partially hydrogenated vegetable oils
- PL, phospholipid
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids
- SCD1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
- SFA, saturated fatty acid
- SREBP1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c
- SREBP2, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2
- TG, triacylglycerol
- TLC, thin layer chromatography
- Trans fatty acids
- c,, cis
- t, trans
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payam Vahmani
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - William J. Meadus
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria L.P. da Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Alec D. Mitchell
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Pascale Duff
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - David C. Rolland
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael E.R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Vahmani P, Meadus WJ, Duff P, Rolland DC, Dugan MER. Comparing the lipogenic and cholesterolgenic effects of individualtrans-18:1 isomers in liver cells. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Payam Vahmani
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lacombe Alberta Canada
| | - William J. Meadus
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lacombe Alberta Canada
| | - Pascale Duff
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lacombe Alberta Canada
| | - David C. Rolland
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lacombe Alberta Canada
| | - Michael E. R. Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Lacombe Alberta Canada
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Pegolo S, Cecchinato A, Mele M, Conte G, Schiavon S, Bittante G. Effects of candidate gene polymorphisms on the detailed fatty acids profile determined by gas chromatography in bovine milk. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:4558-4573. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
130
|
Investigating mutual relationship among milk fatty acids by multivariate factor analysis in dairy cows. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
131
|
Turner TD, Hartling I, Jensen J, Pilfold JL, Prema D, Van Hamme JD, Cinel B, Donkor KK, Church JS. Fatty acid profile of British Columbia suckler beef. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2015-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of feeding system on the fatty acid (FA) profile of suckler beef (SB), moderate grain-fed (MG), and grass-fed (GF) beef was compared. It was found that total saturated FA content was not affected; however, greater 14:0, total polyunsaturated FA content, and lower n-6/n-3 ratio suggest some transmittance of milk FA in SB calves (P < 0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D. Turner
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Ivan Hartling
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Jessica Jensen
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Jessica L. Pilfold
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Dipesh Prema
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Jonathan D. Van Hamme
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Bruno Cinel
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Kingsley K. Donkor
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - John S. Church
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
- Thompson Rivers University, 900 McGill Road, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Ganguly R, LaVallee R, Maddaford TG, Devaney B, Bassett CM, Edel AL, Pierce GN. Ruminant and industrial trans-fatty acid uptake in the heart. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 31:60-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
133
|
Stokes RS, Loy DD, Hansen SL. Effects of increased inclusion of algae meal on finishing steer performance and carcass characteristics. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:687-96. [PMID: 27065139 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The deoiled residue from the production of heterotrophic microalgae can be combined with soyhulls to form a novel feedstuff called algae meal (ALG). To determine the effects of replacing corn in a finishing diet with ALG on growth, mineral status, carcass characteristics, and longissimus thoracis fatty acid profile, crossbred steers (168) were blocked by BW (432 ± 30.8 kg) into pens of 6 steers (7 pens per treatment). Pens received 1 of 4 diets: a corn-based control (CON), 14% ALG, 28% ALG (ALG28), and 42% ALG (ALG42). Corn was replaced by ALG on a DM basis. Steer BW were taken on d 0, 1, 28, 56, 74, 101, and 102, and steers were harvested on d 103. Pen was the experimental unit and DMI, ADG, and G:F data were analyzed as repeated measures. Two steers per pen were selected for sampling of blood and liver (d -1 and 96) and collection of rib steaks at harvest. There was a treatment by × time effect ( = 0.10) for overall DMI, where DMI linearly increased ( ≤ 0.008) across all time periods except Day 28 through, 56 when DMI was not different between ALG28 and ALG42. There was a treatment by time effect for ADG ( < 0.01), with ADG linearly decreasing ( ≤ 0.03) in the first and third month, not differing ( = 0.95) in the second month, and linearly increasing ( < 0.01) in the fourth month as ALG increased in the diet. Final BW and HCW did not differ ( ≥ 0.50) between CON- and ALG-fed cattle. There was a treatment × time effect for G:F ( < 0.01), with G:F linearly decreasing ( ≤ 0.01) in the first 3 mo as ALG increased in the diet, whereas G:F linearly increased ( < 0.01) in the fourth month. Based on steer performance, calculated dietary NEg linearly decreased ( < 0.01) as ALG increased in the diet. Yield grade linearly decreased ( = 0.02) and there was a tendency for dressing percent and 12th-rib back fat to linearly decrease ( ≤ 0.10) as ALG increased in the diet. Plasma Cu, Fe, and Mg concentrations were not different ( ≥ 0.31) in CON vs. ALG cattle; however, plasma Zn concentrations linearly increased ( = 0.03) as ALG increased in the diet. Total lipid, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA concentrations in the longissimus thoracis did not differ ( ≥ 0.13) between CON- and ALG-fed cattle. Interestingly, the atherogenic index linearly decreased ( < 0.01) as ALG increased in the diet. Algae meal may have a lesser energy value than corn; however, a minimal effect on carcass performance suggests ALG may serve as a potential replacement for corn in feedlot diets.
Collapse
|
134
|
Beef Fat Enriched with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biohydrogenation Products Improves Insulin Sensitivity Without Altering Dyslipidemia in Insulin Resistant JCR:LA-cp Rats. Lipids 2016; 51:821-31. [PMID: 27072368 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The main dietary sources of trans fatty acids are partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO), and products derived from polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation (PUFA-BHP) in ruminants. Trans fatty acid intake has historically been associated with negative effects on health, generating an anti-trans fat campaign to reduce their consumption. The profiles and effects on health of PHVO and PUFA-BHP can, however, be quite different. Dairy products naturally enriched with vaccenic and rumenic acids have many purported health benefits, but the putative benefits of beef fat naturally enriched with PUFA-BHP have not been investigated. The objective of the present experiment was to determine the effects of beef peri-renal fat (PRF) with differing enrichments of PUFA-BHP on lipid and insulin metabolism in a rodent model of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (JCR:LA-cp rat). The results showed that 6 weeks of diet supplementation with beef PRF naturally enriched due to flaxseed (FS-PRF) or sunflower-seed (SS-PRF) feeding to cattle significantly improved plasma fasting insulin levels and insulin sensitivity, postprandial insulin levels (only in the FS-PRF) without altering dyslipidemia. Moreover, FS-PRF but not SS-PRF attenuated adipose tissue accumulation. Therefore, enhancing levels of PUFA-BHP in beef PRF with FS feeding may be a useful approach to maximize the health-conferring value of beef-derived fats.
Collapse
|
135
|
Characterization of the fatty acid composition of lamb commercially available in northern Spain: Emphasis on the trans-18:1 and CLA content and profile. Meat Sci 2016; 117:108-16. [PMID: 26970291 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A survey of commercially available lamb meat was performed in northern Spain in order to evaluate their fatty acid (FA) composition with emphasis on trans fatty acid (TFA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers. Samples were collected in spring (n=24) and winter (n=24) of 2013, and were obtained in about equal numbers from grocery stores and butcher-shops. Subcutaneous fat, known to be a sensitive indicator of TFA content in ruminants, was analyzed by GC-FID. In general, very few differences were observed between collection periods and type of stores because of the high variability within the groups that was believed to be associated with differences in genetics and feeding strategies. However, the 10t/11t ratio of all samples showed two clearly identifiable groups irrespective of the source: 1) when 10t/11t was >1, 10t-shifted samples; 2) when 10t/11t was ≤1, non-shifted samples where 11t-18:1 was the predominant isomer. These two groups were clearly identified and associated with distinct FAs using principal component analysis.
Collapse
|
136
|
Effect of adsorbants on in vitro biohydrogenation of 22:6n-3 by mixed cultures of rumen microorganisms. Animal 2016; 10:1439-47. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731116000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
137
|
Prediction of enteric methane emissions from Holstein dairy cows fed various forage sources. Animal 2016; 10:203-11. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115001949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
138
|
Guo Q, Wang F, He F, Ha YM, Li QP, Jin J, Deng ZX. The impact of technical cashew nut shell liquid on thermally-induced trans isomers in edible oils. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 53:1487-95. [PMID: 27570273 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-2147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of technical cashew nut shell liquid (TCNSL) on the trans isomerization of edible oils during heating are investigated. Edible oils were subjected to thermal treatment at various heating times and temperatures. Our results show that the addition of TCNSL to edible oils at the appropriate concentration during heating suppresses trans fatty acid formation and induces formation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers. A concentration of 0.2 % TCNSL demonstrates the best ability to inhibit formation of trans-oleic acid, trans-linoleic acid, and trans-linolenic acid isomers as well as increase the formation of 9 t,11 t-CLA and 10 t,12 t-CLA isomers. Our analysis indicates that the presence of 0.2 % TCNSL in corn oil does not significantly reduce the acid value, but may significantly lower the peroxide value. TCNSL is also observed to have better function compared to Vitamin E (VE) and tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), indicating that it may be considered an effective additive in edible oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Guo
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Fan He
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ming Ha
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Peng Li
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Xuan Deng
- Institute Agro-products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Pegolo S, Cecchinato A, Casellas J, Conte G, Mele M, Schiavon S, Bittante G. Genetic and environmental relationships of detailed milk fatty acids profile determined by gas chromatography in Brown Swiss cows. J Dairy Sci 2015; 99:1315-1330. [PMID: 26709183 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the profile of 47 fatty acids, including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 13 fatty acid groups, and 5 Δ(9)-desaturation indices in milk samples from Brown Swiss cows. The genetic variation was assessed and the statistical relevance of the genetic background for each trait was evaluated using the Bayes factor test. The additive genetic, herd-date, and residual relationships were also estimated among all single fatty acids and groups of fatty acids. Individual milk samples were collected from 1,158 Italian Brown Swiss cows and a detailed analysis of fat percentages and milk fatty acid compositions was performed by gas chromatography. Bayesian animal models were used for (co)variance components estimation. Exploitable genetic variation was observed for most of the de novo synthesized fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, except for C4:0 and C6:0, whereas long-chain fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids (including CLA) were mainly influenced by herd-date effects. Herd-date effect explained large portions of the total phenotypic variance for C18:2 cis-9,cis-12 (0.668), C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (0.631), and the biohydrogenation and elongation products of these fatty acids. The desaturation ratios showed higher heritability estimates than the individual fatty acids, except for CLA desaturation index (0.098). Among the medium-chain fatty acids, C12:0 had greater heritability than C14:0 (0.243 vs. 0.097, respectively). Both C14:0 and C16:0 showed negative additive genetic correlations with the main monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids of milk fat, suggesting that their synthesis in the mammary gland may be influenced by the presence of unsaturated fatty acids. No correlation was observed between C4:0 and the other short-chain fatty acids (except for C6:0), confirming the independence of C4:0 from de novo mammary fatty acid synthesis. Among the genetic correlations dealing with potentially beneficial fatty acids, C18:0 was positively correlated with vaccenic and rumenic acids and negatively with linoleic acid. Finally, fatty acids C6:0 through C14:0 showed relevant correlations due to unknown environmental effects, suggesting the potential existence of genetic variances in micro-environmental sensitivity. This study allowed us to acquire new knowledge about the genetic and the environmental relationships among fatty acids. Likewise, the existence of genetic variation for most of de novo synthetized fatty acids and saturated fatty acids was also observed. Overall, these results provide useful information to combine feeding with genetic selection strategies for obtaining a desirable milk fatty acids profile, depending on the origin of fatty acids in milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - A Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
| | - J Casellas
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G Conte
- Department of Agricolture, Food and Environment, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Mele
- Department of Agricolture, Food and Environment, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - G Bittante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Bučko O, Lehotayová A, Haščík P, Bahelka I, Gábor M, Bobko M, Debrecéni O, Trembecká L. Effect Of Chromium Nicotinate On Oxidative Stability, Chemical Composition And Meat Quality Of Growing-Finishing Pigs. POTRAVINARSTVO 2015. [DOI: 10.5219/521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of different organic sources of Cr on growth, feed efficiency and carcass value is known but there is a lack of information between chromium nicotinate (CrNic) and pork quality. Therefore, purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of CrNic on chemical composition, quality and oxidative stability of pork meat. In the study, pigs of Large White breed (40 pcs) were used. The pigs were divided into two groups, namely the control and the experimental of 20 pcs with equal number of barrows and gilts. The pigs were fed the same diet which consisted of three feed mixtures applied at the different growth phases, from 30 - 45 kg OS-03, 45 - 70 kg OS-04 and 70 - 100 kg OS-05. The pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and water. The diet of experimental group was supplemented with 0.75 mg.kg-1 CrNic in the form of chromium-inactivated yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The fattening period in pigs lasted from 30 to 100 kg. The chromium supplementation led to a significantly higher content of chromium in longissimus thoracis muscle (LT) of experimental pigs. In addition, the results showed a statistically significant difference (p ≤0.05) in retention of chromium in the LT, monounsaturated and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content in experimental group compared with control. Moreover, there was highly significant (p £0.05) difference in essential fatty acids, as well as in oxidative stability in 7 days, among the groups. The highly significant differences were also observed among sexes, namely in total water, protein and intramuscular fat contents, colour CIE b* in both times, and oxidative stability. However, physical-technological parameters (pH, drip loss, shear force and meat colour) were not affected when pigs were fed the supplement. On the whole, the positive effect of chromium nicotinate in most of investigated parameters may be beneficial not only for pork industry but also for consumers.
Collapse
|
141
|
Chen L, Ekine-Dzivenu C, Vinsky M, Basarab J, Aalhus J, Dugan MER, Fitzsimmons C, Stothard P, Li C. Genome-wide association and genomic prediction of breeding values for fatty acid composition in subcutaneous adipose and longissimus lumborum muscle of beef cattle. BMC Genet 2015; 16:135. [PMID: 26589139 PMCID: PMC4654876 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of genetic variants that are associated with fatty acid composition in beef will enhance our understanding of host genetic influence on the trait and also allow for more effective improvement of beef fatty acid profiles through genomic selection and marker-assisted diet management. In this study, 81 and 83 fatty acid traits were measured in subcutaneous adipose (SQ) and longissimus lumborum muscle (LL), respectively, from 1366 purebred and crossbred beef steers and heifers that were genotyped on the Illumina BovineSNP50 Beadchip. The objective was to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for the fatty acid traits and to evaluate the accuracy of genomic prediction for fatty acid composition using genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and Bayesian methods. RESULTS In total, 302 and 360 significant SNPs spanning all autosomal chromosomes were identified to be associated with fatty acid composition in SQ and LL tissues, respectively. Proportions of total genetic variance explained by individual significant SNPs ranged from 0.03 to 11.06% in SQ, and from 0.005 to 24.28% in the LL muscle. Markers with relatively large effects were located near fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), and thyroid hormone responsive (THRSP) genes. For the majority of the fatty acid traits studied, the accuracy of genomic prediction was relatively low (<0.40). Relatively high accuracies (> = 0.50) were achieved for 10:0, 12:0, 14:0, 15:0, 16:0, 9c-14:1, 12c-16:1, 13c-18:1, and health index (HI) in LL, and for 12:0, 14:0, 15:0, 10 t,12c-18:2, and 11 t,13c + 11c,13 t-18:2 in SQ. The Bayesian method performed similarly as GBLUP for most of the traits but substantially better for traits that were affected by SNPs of large effects as identified by GWAS. CONCLUSIONS Fatty acid composition in beef is influenced by a few host genes with major effects and many genes of smaller effects. With the current training population size and marker density, genomic prediction has the potential to predict the breeding values of fatty acid composition in beef cattle at a moderate to relatively high accuracy for fatty acids that have moderate to high heritability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuhong Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - Chinyere Ekine-Dzivenu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Michael Vinsky
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - John Basarab
- Lacombe Research Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Aalhus
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - Mike E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - Carolyn Fitzsimmons
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| | - Paul Stothard
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Changxi Li
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
- Lacombe Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6000 C&E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1 W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Ariko T, Kass M, Henno M, Fievez V, Kärt O, Kaart T, Ots M. The effect of replacing barley with glycerol in the diet of dairy cows on rumen parameters and milk fatty acid profile. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
143
|
Horse-meat for human consumption — Current research and future opportunities. Meat Sci 2015; 108:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
144
|
Buccioni A, Serra A, Minieri S, Mannelli F, Cappucci A, Benvenuti D, Rapaccini S, Conte G, Mele M. Milk production, composition, and milk fatty acid profile from grazing sheep fed diets supplemented with chestnut tannin extract and extruded linseed. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
145
|
Pausch J, Kramer S, Scharroba A, Scheunemann N, Butenschoen O, Kandeler E, Marhan S, Riederer M, Scheu S, Kuzyakov Y, Ruess L. Small but active – pool size does not matter for carbon incorporation in below‐ground food webs. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pausch
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Georg August University Göttingen Büsgen‐Institute Büsgenweg 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Susanne Kramer
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation Soil Biology University of Hohenheim Emil‐Wolff‐Str. 27 70593 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Anika Scharroba
- Institute of Biology Ecology Group Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Philippstr. 13 10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Nicole Scheunemann
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Georg August University Göttingen Berliner Str. 28 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Olaf Butenschoen
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Georg August University Göttingen Berliner Str. 28 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation Soil Biology University of Hohenheim Emil‐Wolff‐Str. 27 70593 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Sven Marhan
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation Soil Biology University of Hohenheim Emil‐Wolff‐Str. 27 70593 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael Riederer
- Department of Micrometeorology BayCEER University of Bayreuth Universitätsstr. 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology Georg August University Göttingen Berliner Str. 28 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Georg August University Göttingen Büsgen‐Institute Büsgenweg 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Agricultural Soil Science Georg August University Göttingen Büsgenweg 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Liliane Ruess
- Institute of Biology Ecology Group Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Philippstr. 13 10115 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Prema D, Turner TD, Jensen J, Pilfold JL, Church JS, Donkor KK, Cinel B. Rapid determination of total conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in beef by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
147
|
de la Fuente MA, Rodríguez-Pino V, Juárez M. Use of an extremely polar 100-m column in combination with a cyanoalkyl polysiloxane column to complement the study of milk fats with different fatty acid profiles. Int Dairy J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
148
|
Vlaeminck B, Gervais R, Rahman M, Gadeyne F, Gorniak M, Doreau M, Fievez V. Postruminal synthesis modifies the odd- and branched-chain fatty acid profile from the duodenum to milk. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:4829-40. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
149
|
Gallardo B, Manca M, Mantecón A, Nudda A, Manso T. Effects of linseed oil and natural or synthetic vitamin E supplementation in lactating ewes' diets on meat fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation from their milk fed lambs. Meat Sci 2015; 102:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
150
|
Turner TD, Jensen J, Pilfold JL, Prema D, Donkor KK, Cinel B, Thompson DJ, Dugan MER, Church JS. Comparison of fatty acids in beef tissues from conventional, organic and natural feeding systems in western Canada. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas-2014-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Turner, T. D., Jensen, J., Pilfold, J. L., Prema, D., Donkor, K. K., Cinel, B., Thompson, D. J., Dugan, M. E. R. and Church, J. S. 2015. Comparison of fatty acids in beef tissues from conventional, organic and natural feeding systems in western Canada. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 49–58. The effect of production system on intramuscular and associated trim fatty acid (FA) profiles of retail ribeye steaks from conventional and niche market organic and natural (grain- or grass-fed) beef were compared. Meat from organic grain- and grass-fed systems was leaner, containing greater proportions of polyunsaturated FA, i.e., 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, 22:6n-3. Correspondingly, the n-6/n-3 ratios of organic grain- and grass-fed systems were 3:1, while conventional and natural grain systems had ratios of 8:1. High forage-to-grain ratio production systems increased proportions of desirable biohydrogenation intermediates (BI), including t11-18:1 and c9,t11-18:2, whereas conventional and natural grain systems elevated t10-18:1. Trim fat was similarly affected by production system, and was a relatively richer source of BI. Overall, proportions of desirable FAs, including n-3 and BI, were greater for organic grain- and grass-fed systems, emphasizing the importance of a high forage-to-grain ratio to enhance the healthfulness of beef, whereas conventional and natural grain-fed systems were largely equivalent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D. Turner
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Jessica Jensen
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Jessica L. Pilfold
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Dipesh Prema
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Kingsley K. Donkor
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Bruno Cinel
- Department of Physical Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| | - Donald J. Thompson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - Michael E. R. Dugan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - John S. Church
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada V2C 0C8
| |
Collapse
|