101
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β-Ti Alloys for Orthopedic and Dental Applications: A Review of Progress on Improvement of Properties through Surface Modification. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11121446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ti and Ti alloys have charming comprehensive properties (high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance, and excellent biocompatibility) that make them the ideal choice in orthopedic and dental applications, especially in the particular fabrication of orthopedic and dental implants. However, these alloys present some shortcomings, specifically elastic modulus, wear, corrosion, and biological performance. Beta-titanium (β-Ti) alloys have been studied as low elastic modulus and low toxic or non-toxic elements. The present work summarizes the improvements of the properties systematically (elastic modulus, hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, antibacterial property, and bone regeneration) for β-Ti alloys via surface modification to address these shortcomings. Additionally, the shortcomings and prospects of the present research are put forward. β-Ti alloys have potential regarding implants in biomedical fields.
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102
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Suntharavel
Muthaiah VM, Rajput M, Tripathi A, Suwas S, Chatterjee K. Electrophoretic Deposition of Nanocrystalline Calcium Phosphate Coating for Augmenting Bioactivity of Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. ACS MATERIALS AU 2021; 2:132-142. [PMID: 36855763 PMCID: PMC9888615 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is being widely explored for engineering biomedical implants. The microstructure and surface finish of additively manufactured parts are typically different from wrought parts and exhibit limited bioactivity despite the other advantages of using AM for fabrication. The aim of this study was to enhance the bioactivity of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy by electrophoretic deposition of nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHAp) coatings. The deposition parameters were systematically investigated after the coatings were deposited on the as-manufactured surface or after polishing the surface of the additively-manufactured sample. The surfaces were coated with nanoHAp suspended in either ethanol or butanol using different voltages (10, 30, or 50 V) for varied deposition times. The formation of the nanoHAp coating was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Microstructural analysis revealed that several conditions of the coating led to crack formation. The coated samples were subsequently heat-treated to improve the integrity of the coating. Heat treatment led to crack formation in several conditions due to thermal shrinkages. Coatings prepared using butanol were more uniform and had minimal cracks compared with the use of ethanol. Nanoindentation confirmed good stability and integrity of the nanoHAP coatings on the as-manufactured and polished surfaces. The coating on the as-manufactured sample exhibited higher hardness and lower elastic modulus as compared with the coating on the polished sample. In vitro study revealed that the nanoHAp coating markedly enhanced the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of preosteoblasts on the alloy. These results provide a viable route to enhancing the bioactivity through deposition of nanoHAp with important implications for engineering additively manufactured orthopedic and dental implants suitable for better clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. M. Suntharavel
Muthaiah
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Monika Rajput
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ananya Tripathi
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Satyam Suwas
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute
of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India,; Tel.: +91-80-22933408
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103
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Matuła I, Dercz G, Sowa M, Barylski A, Duda P. Fabrication and Characterization of New Functional Graded Material Based on Ti, Ta, and Zr by Powder Metallurgy Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6609. [PMID: 34772133 PMCID: PMC8585251 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In view of the aging population and various diseases worldwide, the demand for implants has been rapidly increasing. Despite the efforts of doctors, engineers, and medical companies, the fabrication of and procedures associated with implants have not yet been perfected. Therefore, a high percentage of premature implantations has been observed. The main problem with metal implants is the mechanical mismatch between human bone and the implant material. Zirconium/titanium-based materials with graded porosity and composition were prepared by powder metallurgy. The whole samples are comprised of three zones, with a radial gradient in the phase composition, microstructure, and pore structure. The samples were prepared by a three-step powder metallurgy method. The microstructure and properties were observed to change gradually with the distance from the center of the sample. The x-ray diffraction analysis and microstructure observation confirmed the formation of diffusive connections between the particular areas. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the obtained materials were checked, with respect to the distance from the center of the sample. An analysis of the corrosion properties of the obtained materials was also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Matuła
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Dercz
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland;
| | - Maciej Sowa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Adrian Barylski
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland;
| | - Piotr Duda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
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104
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Bresciani G, Gemmiti M, Ciancaleoni G, Pampaloni G, Marchetti F, Crucianelli M. Niobium(V) oxido tris-carbamate as easily available and robust catalytic precursor for the selective sulfide to sulfone oxidation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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105
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A state-of-the-art review of the fabrication and characteristics of titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications. Biodes Manuf 2021; 5:371-395. [PMID: 34721937 PMCID: PMC8546395 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-021-00170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys have been among the most commonly used materials for biomedical applications since the 1950s. Due to the excellent mechanical tribological properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of titanium, it is getting much attention as a biomaterial for implants. Furthermore, titanium promotes osseointegration without any additional adhesives by physically bonding with the living bone at the implant site. These properties are crucial for producing high-strength metallic alloys for biomedical applications. Titanium alloys are manufactured into the three types of α, β, and α + β. The scientific and clinical understanding of titanium and its potential applications, especially in the biomedical field, are still in the early stages. This review aims to establish a credible platform for the current and future roles of titanium in biomedicine. We first explore the developmental history of titanium. Then, we review the recent advancement of the utility of titanium in diverse biomedical areas, its functional properties, mechanisms of biocompatibility, host tissue responses, and various relevant antimicrobial strategies. Future research will be directed toward advanced manufacturing technologies, such as powder-based additive manufacturing, electron beam melting and laser melting deposition, as well as analyzing the effects of alloying elements on the biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties of titanium. Moreover, the role of titania nanotubes in regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications, such as localized drug delivery system, immunomodulatory agents, antibacterial agents, and hemocompatibility, is investigated, and the paper concludes with the future outlook of titanium alloys as biomaterials. Graphic abstract ![]()
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106
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Mori Y, Fujisawa H, Kamimura M, Kogure A, Tanaka H, Mori N, Masahashi N, Aizawa T. Acceleration of Fracture Healing in Mouse Tibiae Using Intramedullary Nails Composed of β-Type TiNbSn Alloy with Low Young's Modulus. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2021; 255:135-142. [PMID: 34657901 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.255.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The optimal Young's modulus of material of orthopedic devices for fracture treatment is still unknown. The purpose of present study was to evaluate the impacts of intramedullary nails composed of a titanium alloy with low Young's modulus, on accelerating fracture healing compared with stainless steel with high Young's modulus. A β-type TiNbSn alloy with a low Young's modulus close to that of human cortical bone was developed for clinical application. TiNbSn alloy with a Young's modulus of 45 GPa and stainless steel with a Young's modulus of 205 GPa were compared, with respect to the impacts on fracture healing. Fracture and fixation using intramedullary nail were performed on the right tibiae of C57BL/6 mice. The assessment of bone healing was performed via micro-computed tomography, histomorphometry, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In micro-computed tomography, larger bone volumes were observed in the fracture callus treated with TiNbSn alloy in comparison with those treated with stainless steel. Histological assessments confirmed accelerated cartilage absorption and new bone formation in the TiNbSn alloy group compared with the stainless steel group. The expression of Col1a1, Runx2, Dkk1, and Acp5 was higher in the TiNbSn alloy group, while that of Col2a1 and Col10a1 was lower in the late phase. The present study demonstrated that the fixation by intramedullary nails with TiNbSn alloy offered an accelerated fracture healing with promotion of bone formation via increased Runx2 expression. TiNbSn alloy might be a promising material for fracture treatment devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hirokazu Fujisawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masayuki Kamimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Atsushi Kogure
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hidetatsu Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naoko Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Toshimi Aizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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107
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Dolukhanyan SK, Aleksanyan AG, Muradyan GN, Ter-Galstyan OP, Mnatsakanyan NL, Mnatsakanyan AS. Production of Alloys Based on Ti–Nb–Zr, Promising for the Production of Implants. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793121040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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108
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Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Biocompatible Alloy, Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Sn. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910611. [PMID: 34638960 PMCID: PMC8509052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many current-generation biomedical implants are fabricated from the Ti-6Al-4V alloy because it has many attractive properties, such as low density and biocompatibility. However, the elastic modulus of this alloy is much larger than that of the surrounding bone, leading to bone resorption and, eventually, implant failure. In the present study, we synthesized and performed a detailed analysis of a novel low elastic modulus Ti-based alloy (Ti-28Nb-5Zr-2Ta-2Sn (TNZTS alloy)) using a variety of methods, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tensile test. Additionally, the in vitro biocompatibility of the TNZTS alloy was evaluated using SCP-1, SaOs-2, and THP-1 cell lines and primary human osteoblasts. Compared to Ti-6Al-4V, the elastic modulus of TNZTS alloy was significantly lower, while measures of its in vitro biocompatibility are comparable. O2 plasma treatment of the surface of the alloy significantly increased its hydrophilicity and, hence, its in vitro biocompatibility. TNZTS alloy specimens did not induce the release of cytokines by macrophages, indicating that such scaffolds would not trigger inflammatory responses. The present results suggest that the TNZTS alloy may have potential as an alternative to Ti-6Al-4V.
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109
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Zareidoost A, Yousefpour M. Coinciding significance of the crystallographic orientation and nanostructuring on the biocompatibility of TZNT-Ag 1 .5 alloy deformed by the cold rolling process. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:625-637. [PMID: 34585524 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the simultaneous significance of the crystallographic texture and nanostructuring on the cytocompatibility of as-cast (Ti55 Zr25 Nb10 Ta10 )98.5 -Ag1.5 alloy (at. %, TZNT-Ag1.5 ), subjected to cold rolling up to 90% reduction, along with the changes of Young's modulus and hardness under cold rolling were investigated. For this purpose, the as-cast and cold-rolled TZNT-Ag1.5 alloy test specimens were analyzed by XRD, TEM, HRTEM, SEM, contact angle, nanoindentation, and OM techniques. Moreover, to evaluate the effect of severe cold deformation on the biocompatibility, MG-63 osteoblastic cell was cultured on the surface of 90% cold-rolled and as-cast test specimens of TZNT-Ag1.5 alloy. The results showed that severe cold deformation was led to fast grain refinement of β grains of the as-cast TZNT-Ag1.5 alloy in the range of 50-100 nm. In addition to the nanostructuring, upon severe cold deformation, the <gamma>-fiber (<111>// normal direction) texture was formed and after 90% reduction, the (111)<1 1 ¯ 0 > γ-fiber component was strengthened. The micro-hardness and reduced Young's modulus are 235 ± 5.29, 246 ± 1.73, 271 ± 4.0, and 283 ± 6.25 (HV); and 73.725 ± 1.70, 83.98 ± 5.10, 81.26 ± 6.55, and 88.66 ± 7.16 (GPa) for TZNT-Ag1.5 (as-cast), TZNT-Ag1.5 (20%CR), TZNT-Ag1.5 (50%CR), and TZNT-Ag1.5 (90%CR) test specimens, respectively. Further, with increasing the cold deformation degree, the dislocation density of TZNT-Ag1.5 alloy increased as this parameter is 2.79 × 1015 (m-2 ) for the 90%CR test specimen. On the other hand, the values of the contact angle for the 90%CR test specimen (46.2 ± 3.5°) exhibit a higher hydrophilic and wettable surface as compared to the other studied test specimens. After 5 days of incubation, osteoblastic cells on the surface of the 90% cold-rolled TZNT-Ag1.5 test specimens revealed significant differences in cell proliferation and differentiation as compared to the as-cast alloy test specimens and/or CP-Ti. Finally, because the maximum orientation intensities were generally <3, it was deduced that grain refinement rather than the crystallographic texture plays a significant role in improving the surface biocompatibility of the new TZNT-Ag1.5 alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Zareidoost
- Faculty of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mardali Yousefpour
- Faculty of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
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110
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Cheng T, Cao J, Jiang X, Yarmolenko M, Rogachev A, Rogachev A. Study of Icaritin Films by Low-Energy Electron Beam Deposition. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, icaritin film was prepared by low-energy beam electron beam deposition (EBD). The material test showed that the structure and composition of icaritin were not changed after electron beam deposition. Then, the film was sliced and immersed in simulated body fluids, it can be seen that the film was released quickly in the first 7 days. With the extension of soaking time, the release rate gradually slowed down, and the release amount exceeded 90% in about 20 days. In vitro cytotoxicity test showed that the relative cell viability rate of the film was still 92.32±1.30% (p<0.05), indicating that the film possessed excellent cytocompatibility.
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111
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Influences of Stent Design on In-Stent Restenosis and Major Cardiac Outcomes: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2021; 13:147-169. [PMID: 34409580 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-021-00569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to the developments in implantable biomaterial technologies, invasive operating procedures, and widespread applications especially in vascular disease treatment, a milestone for interventional surgery was achieved with the introduction of vascular stents. Despite vascular stents providing a solution for embolisms, this technology includes various challenges, such as mechanical, electro-chemical complications, or in-stent restenosis (ISR) risks with long-term usage. Therefore, further development of biomaterial technologies is vital to overcome such risks and problems. For this purpose, recent research has focused mainly on the applications of surface modification techniques on biomaterials and vascular stents to increase their hemocompatibility. ISR risk has been reduced with the development and prevalent usage of the art technology stent designs of drug-eluting and biodegradable stents. Nevertheless, their problems have not been overcome completely. Furthermore, patients using drug-eluting stents are faced with further clinical challenges. Therefore, the bare metal stent, which is the first form of the vascular stent technology and includes the highest ISR risk, is still in common usage for vascular treatment applications. For this reason, further research is necessary to solve the remaining vital problems. In this scoping review, stent-based major cardiac events including ISR are analyzed depending on different designs and material selection in stent manufacturing. Recent and novel approaches to overcome such challenges are stated in detail.
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112
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Tantalum as a Novel Biomaterial for Bone Implant: A Literature Review. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.52.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) has been used in metallic implants since the 1950s due to various biocompatible and mechanical properties. However, due to its high Young’s modulus, it has been modified over the years in order to produce a better biomaterial. Tantalum (Ta) has recently emerged as a new potential biomaterial for bone and dental implants. It has been reported to have better corrosion resistance and osteo-regenerative properties as compared to Ti alloys which are most widely used in the bone-implant industry. Currently, Tantalum cannot be widely used yet due to its limited availability, high melting point, and high-cost production. This review paper discusses various manufacturing methods of Tantalum alloys, including conventional and additive manufacturing and also discusses their drawbacks and shortcomings. Recent research includes surface modification of various metals using Tantalum coatings in order to combine bulk material properties of different materials and the porous surface properties of Tantalum. Design modification also plays a crucial role in controlling bulk properties. The porous design does provide a lower density, wider surface area, and more immense specific strength. In addition to improved mechanical properties, a porous design could also escalate the material's biological and permeability properties. With current advancement in additive manufacturing technology, difficulties in processing Tantalum could be resolved. Therefore, Tantalum should be considered as a serious candidate material for future bone and dental implants.
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113
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Suresh S, Sun CN, Tekumalla S, Rosa V, Ling Nai SM, Wong RCW. Mechanical properties and in vitro cytocompatibility of dense and porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI manufactured by selective laser melting technology for biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 123:104712. [PMID: 34365098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is the most common biomaterial used for bone replacements and reconstructions. Despite its advantages, the Ti-6Al-4V has a high stiffness that can cause stress-shielding. In this work, we demonstrated that the selective laser melting (SLM) technology could be used to fabricate porosity in Ti-6Al-4V extra low interstitial (ELI) to reduce its stiffness while improving cell adhesion and proliferation. With a porosity of 14.04%, the elastic modulus of the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI was reduced to 80 GPa. The compressive stress and the 3-point-bending flexural tests revealed that the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI possessed a brittle characteristic. The additional pores within the beams of the lattice structures of porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI increased its surface arithmetic average roughness, Ra = 3.94 μm. The in vitro cytocompatibility test showed that the SLM printing process and the post-processes did not cause any toxicity in the MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vitro cell proliferation test also showed that the porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI increased the proliferation rate of osteogenic induced MC3T3-E1 cells on Day 7. The findings from this study would provide engineers and researchers with both the mechanical information and biological understanding of SLM printed porous Ti-6Al-4V ELI, and SLM printed dense Ti-6Al-4V ELI towards biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Suresh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Chen-Nan Sun
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
| | - Sravya Tekumalla
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Sharon Mui Ling Nai
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
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114
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Guo Y, Li G, Xu Y, Xu Z, Gang M, Sun G, Zhang Z, Yang X, Yu Z, Lian J, Ren L. The microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion performance and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite reinforced ZK61 magnesium-matrix biological composite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 123:104759. [PMID: 34365100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based composites, as biomaterials, have attracted widespread attention due to their adjustable mechanical properties like elastic modulus, ductility, ultimate tensile strength, and corrosion resistance. In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced ZK61 Mg-matrix composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and hot extrusion methods. The influence of the content of HA (10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%) on the microstructure, density, mechanical properties, corrosion property and biocompatibility were investigated. The results showed that the density and yield strength of the composites match those of natural bone. Moreover, the composite with 10 % HA (ZK61-10HA) exhibited the best corrosion resistance, as determined by the electrochemical measurement and immersion test in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. In addition, the ZK61-10HA composite significantly enhanced the cell viability (≥78 %) compared with ZK61 alloy in vitro testing. It is demonstrated that the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg alloy can be effectively controlled by adjusting the content of HA, which suggested that the ZK61-HA composites were promising candidates for degradable implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Yingchao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Zezhou Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Mingqi Gang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Guixun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China.
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China.
| | - Zhenglei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China.
| | - Jianshe Lian
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130025, China
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115
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Dorovskikh SI, Vikulova ES, Chepeleva EV, Vasilieva MB, Nasimov DA, Maksimovskii EA, Tsygankova AR, Basova TV, Sergeevichev DS, Morozova NB. Noble Metals for Modern Implant Materials: MOCVD of Film Structures and Cytotoxical, Antibacterial, and Histological Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080851. [PMID: 34440054 PMCID: PMC8389635 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work is aimed at developing the modification of the surface of medical implants with film materials based on noble metals in order to improve their biological characteristics. Gas-phase transportation methods were proposed to obtain such materials. To determine the effect of the material of the bottom layer of heterometallic structures, Ir, Pt, and PtIr coatings with a thickness of 1.4-1.5 μm were deposited by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on Ti6Al4V alloy discs. Two types of antibacterial components, namely, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and discontinuous Ag coatings, were deposited on the surface of these coatings. AuNPs (11-14 nm) were deposited by a pulsed MOCVD method, while Ag films (35-40 nm in thickness) were obtained by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The cytotoxic (24 h and 48 h, toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)) and antibacterial (24 h) properties of monophase (Ag, Ir, Pt, and PtIr) and heterophase (Ag/Pt, Ag/Ir, Ag/PtIr, Au/Pt, Au/Ir, and Au/PtIr) film materials deposited on Ti-alloy samples were studied in vitro and compared with those of uncoated Ti-alloy samples. Studies of the cytokine production by PBMCs in response to incubation of the samples for 24 and 48 h and histological studies at 1 and 3 months after subcutaneous implantation in rats were also performed. Despite the comparable thickness of the fibrous capsule after 3 months, a faster completion of the active phase of encapsulation was observed for the coated implants compared to the Ti alloy analogs. For the Ag-containing samples, growth inhibition of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, Str. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, and Ent. faecium was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana I. Dorovskikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Evgeniia S. Vikulova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Chepeleva
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Maria B. Vasilieva
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Dmitriy A. Nasimov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 15 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Eugene A. Maksimovskii
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Alphiya R. Tsygankova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - Tamara V. Basova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
| | - David S. Sergeevichev
- E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 15 Rechkunovskaya Str., 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.V.C.); (M.B.V.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Natalya B. Morozova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.I.D.); (E.S.V.); (E.A.M.); (A.R.T.); (T.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +73-833-309-556
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Shi X, Sun Y, Wang P, Ma Z, Liu H, Ning H. Compression properties and optimization design of SLM Ti6Al4V square pore tissue engineering scaffolds. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021; 235:1265-1273. [PMID: 34281449 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211028061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tissue engineering technology provides a new way to solve bone defect. Porous scaffolds supply support and adhesion space for cells. Design of pore structure of scaffolds is one of the key points in tissue engineering scaffolds, because the structure affects the performance of scaffolds directly. In this paper, mechanical properties of square porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds are studied. By finite element simulation, it can be found that the support structure in vertical direction assumes main force, so the structure can be optimized through relative density mapping (RDM) method. The modified arch structures can improve bearing effect of structure with the same porosity. The designed structures are obtained by selective laser melting. Results of compressive strength indicate that the compressive strength decreases with the increase of porosity. When the porosity is between 40% and 60%, the error of compressive strength calculated by Gibson-Ashby model is below 8%. Moreover, the optimized structure clears a better bearing effect, and the bearing capacity can be increased by 20%-30% under the same porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Shi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yazhou Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ziyang Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haohao Ning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Jiao J, Zhang S, Qu X, Yue B. Recent Advances in Research on Antibacterial Metals and Alloys as Implant Materials. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:693939. [PMID: 34277473 PMCID: PMC8283567 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.693939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Implants are widely used in orthopedic surgery and are gaining attention of late. However, their use is restricted by implant-associated infections (IAI), which represent one of the most serious and dangerous complications of implant surgeries. Various strategies have been developed to prevent and treat IAI, among which the closest to clinical translation is designing metal materials with antibacterial functions by alloying methods based on existing materials, including titanium, cobalt, tantalum, and biodegradable metals. This review first discusses the complex interaction between bacteria, host cells, and materials in IAI and the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial effects of biomedical metals and alloys. Then, their applications for the prevention and treatment of IAI are highlighted. Finally, new insights into their clinical translation are provided. This review also provides suggestions for further development of antibacterial metals and alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyang Jiao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shutao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Qu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Skrzekut T, Boczkal G, Zwoliński A, Noga P, Jaworska L, Pałka P, Podsiadło M. The Extrusion and SPS of Zirconium-Copper Powders and Studies of Selected Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133560. [PMID: 34202134 PMCID: PMC8269591 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zr-2.5Cu and Zr-10Cu powder mixtures were consolidated in the extrusion process and using the spark plasma sintering technique. In these studies, material tests were carried out in the fields of phase composition, microstructure, hardness and tensile strength for Zr-Cu materials at room temperature (RT) and 400 °C. Fractography analysis of materials at room temperature and 400 °C was carried out. The research took into account the anisotropy of the materials obtained in the extrusion process. For the nonequilibrium SPS process, ZrCu2 and Cu10Zr7 intermetallic compounds formed in the material at sintering temperature. Extruded materials were composed mainly of α-Zr and ZrCu2. The presence of intermetallic compounds affected the reduction in the strength properties of the tested materials. The highest strength value of 205 MPa was obtained for the extruded Zr-2.5Cu, for which the samples were cut in the direction of extrusion. For materials with 10 wt.% copper, more participation of the intermetallic phase was formed, which lowered the mechanical properties of the obtained materials. In addition to brittle intermetallic phases, the materials were characterized by residual porosity, which also reduced the strength properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skrzekut
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Grzegorz Boczkal
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Adam Zwoliński
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Piotr Noga
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Lucyna Jaworska
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Paweł Pałka
- Department of Material Science and Engineering of Non-Ferrous Metals, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza Av. 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.Z.); (P.N.); (L.J.); (P.P.)
| | - Marcin Podsiadło
- Łukasiewicz—Krakow Institute of Technology, Zakopianska St. 73, 30-418 Krakow, Poland;
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Ali S, Irfan M, Muhammad Niazi U, Rani AMA, Shah I, Legutko S, Rahman S, Jalalah M, Alsaiari MA, Glowacz A, AlKahtani FS. Synthesis, Surface Nitriding and Characterization of Ti-Nb Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy Using Powder Metallurgy. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123270. [PMID: 34199244 PMCID: PMC8231788 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The powder metallurgy (PM) technique has been widely used for producing different alloy compositions by the addition of suitable reinforcements. PM is also capable of producing desireable mechanical and physical properties of the material by varying process parameters. This research investigates the addition of titanium and niobium in a 316L stainless steel matrix for potential use in the biomedical field. The increase of sintering dwell time resulted in simultaneous sintering and surface nitriding of compositions, using nitrogen as the sintering atmosphere. The developed alloy compositions were characterized using OM, FESEM, XRD and XPS techniques for quantification of the surface nitride layer and the nitrogen absorbed during sintering. The corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity assessments of the developed compositions were carried out in artificial saliva solution and human oral fibroblast cell culture, respectively. The results indicated that the nitride layer produced during sintering increased the corrosion resistance of the alloy and the developed compositions are non-cytotoxic. This newly developed alloy composition and processing technique is expected to provide a low-cost solution to implant manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaqat Ali
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (U.M.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (S.R.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Usama Muhammad Niazi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Skills University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (U.M.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia;
| | - Imran Shah
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National University of Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Stanislaw Legutko
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 3 Piotrowo str., 60-965 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (U.M.N.); (S.L.)
| | - Saifur Rahman
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (S.R.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Jalalah
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mabkhoot A. Alsaiari
- Empty qaurter research unit, Chemistry department, college of Science and art at Sharurah, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adam Glowacz
- Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Fahad Salem AlKahtani
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.); (S.R.); (F.S.A.)
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Comprehensive in vitro comparison of cellular and osteogenic response to alternative biomaterials for spinal implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112251. [PMID: 34225890 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A variety of novel biomaterials are emerging as alternatives to conventional metals and alloys, for use in spinal implants. These promise potential advantages with respect to e.g. elastic modulus compatibility with the host bone, improved radiological imaging or enhanced cellular response to facilitate osseointegration. However, to date there is scarce comparative data on the biological response to many of these biomaterials that would give insights into the relative level of bone formation, resorption inhibition and inflammation. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the in vitro biological response to standard discs of four alternative biomaterials: polyether ether ketone (PEEK), zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), silicon nitride (SN) and surface-textured silicon nitride (ST-SN), and the reference titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (TI). Material-specific characteristics of these biomaterials were evaluated, such as surface roughness, wettability, protein adsorption (BSA) and apatite forming capacity in simulated body fluid. The activity of pre-osteoblasts seeded on the discs was characterized, by measuring viability, proliferation, attachment and morphology. Then, the osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts was compared in vitro from early to late stage by Alizarin Red S staining and real-time PCR analysis. Finally, osteoclast activity and inflammatory response were assessed by real-time PCR analysis. Compared to TI, all other materials generally demonstrated a lower osteoclastic activity and inflammatory response. ZTA and SN showed generally an enhanced osteogenic differentiation and actin length. Overall, we could show that SN and ST-SN showed a higher osteogenic effect than the other reference groups, an inhibitive effect against bone resorption and low inflammation, and the results indicate that silicon nitride has a promising potential to be developed further for spinal implants that require enhanced osseointegration.
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Zhang T, Wu J, Chen J, Pan Q, Wang X, Zhong H, Tao R, Yan J, Hu Y, Ye X, Chen C, Chen J. Activating Titanium Metal with H 2 Plasma for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24682-24691. [PMID: 34009947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing a high-performance nonprecious metal electrocatalyst for water splitting is a strong demand for the large-scale application of electrochemical H2 production. In this work, we design a facile and scalable strategy to activate titanium metal for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media through incorporating hydrogen into the α-Ti crystal lattice by H2 plasma bombardment. Benefiting from the accelerated charge transfer and enlarged electrochemical surface area after H2 plasma treatment, the H-incorporated Ti shows remarkably enhanced HER activity with a much lower overpotential at -10 mA cm-2 by 276 mV when compared to the pristine Ti. It is revealed that the retention of the incorporated H(D) atoms in the Ti crystal lattice during HER accounts for the durable feature of the catalyst. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate the effectiveness of hydrogen incorporation in tuning the adsorption energy of reaction species via charge redistribution. Our work offers a novel route to activate titanium or other metals by H incorporation through a controllable H2 plasma treatment to tune the electronic structure for water splitting reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Zhang
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Jiliang Wu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Jinfan Chen
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Qifa Pan
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Hang Zhong
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Ye
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Changan Chen
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Jiangyou 621908, China
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Li M, Zhao K, Ding K, Cui YW, Cheng XD, Yang WJ, Hou ZY, Zhang YZ, Chen W, Hu P, Zhu YB. Titanium Alloy Gamma Nail versus Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Bionic Gamma Nail for Treating Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis. Orthop Surg 2021; 13:1513-1520. [PMID: 34075690 PMCID: PMC8313150 DOI: 10.1111/os.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To using finite element analysis to investigate the effects of the traditional titanium alloy Gamma nail and a biodegradable magnesium alloy bionic Gamma nail for treating intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS Computed tomography images of an adult male volunteer of appropriate age and in good physical condition were used to establish a three-dimensional model of the proximal femur. Then, a model of a type 31A1 intertrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur was established, and the traditional titanium alloy Gamma nails and biodegradable magnesium alloy bionic Gamma nails were used for fixation, respectively. The von Mises stress, the maximum principal stress, and the minimum principal stress were calculated to evaluate the effect of bone ingrowth on stress distribution of the proximal femur after fixation. RESULTS In the intact model, the maximum stress was 5.8 MPa, the minimum stress was -11.7 MPa, and the von Mises stress was 11.4 MPa. The maximum principal stress distribution of the cancellous bone in the intact model appears in a position consistent with the growth direction of the principal and secondary tensile zones. After traditional Gamma nail healing, the maximum stress was 32 MPa, the minimum stress was -23.5 MPa, and the von Mises stress was 31.3 MPa. The stress concentration was quite obvious compared with the intact model. It was assumed that the nail would biodegrade completely within 12 months postoperatively. The maximum stress was 18.7 MPa, the minimum stress was -12.6 MPa, and the von Mises stress was 14.0 MPa. For the minimum principal stress, the region of minimum stress value less than -10 MPa was significantly improved compared with the traditional titanium alloy Gamma nail models. Meanwhile, the stress distribution of the bionic Gamma nail model in the proximal femur was closer to that of the intact bone, which significantly reduced the stress concentration of the implant. CONCLUSION The biodegradable magnesium alloy bionic Gamma nail implant can improve the stress distribution of fractured bone close to that of intact bone while reducing the risk of postoperative complications associated with traditional internal fixation techniques, and it has promising clinical value in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kuo Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun-Wei Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei-Jie Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying-Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Bin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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Xie Y, Artymowicz DM, Lopes PP, Aiello A, Wang D, Hart JL, Anber E, Taheri ML, Zhuang H, Newman RC, Sieradzki K. A percolation theory for designing corrosion-resistant alloys. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:789-793. [PMID: 33526878 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron-chromium and nickel-chromium binary alloys containing sufficient quantities of chromium serve as the prototypical corrosion-resistant metals owing to the presence of a nanometre-thick protective passive oxide film1-8. Should this film be compromised by a scratch or abrasive wear, it reforms with little accompanying metal dissolution, a key criterion for good passive behaviour. This is a principal reason that stainless steels and other chromium-containing alloys are used in critical applications ranging from biomedical implants to nuclear reactor components9,10. Unravelling the compositional dependence of this electrochemical behaviour is a long-standing unanswered question in corrosion science. Herein, we develop a percolation theory of alloy passivation based on two-dimensional to three-dimensional crossover effects that accounts for selective dissolution and the quantity of metal dissolved during the initial stage of passive film formation. We validate this theory both experimentally and by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. Our results reveal a path forward for the design of corrosion-resistant metallic alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Xie
- Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Dorota M Artymowicz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pietro P Lopes
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Ashlee Aiello
- Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Duo Wang
- Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - James L Hart
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elaf Anber
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mitra L Taheri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Houlong Zhuang
- Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Roger C Newman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karl Sieradzki
- Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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Florian F, Guastaldi FPS, Cominotte MA, Pires LC, Guastaldi AC, Cirelli JA. Behavior of rat bone marrow stem cells on titanium surfaces modified by laser-beam and deposition of calcium phosphate. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:57. [PMID: 33999340 PMCID: PMC8128786 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of rat bone marrow stem cells seeded on a Ti-15Mo alloy surface modified by laser-beam irradiation followed by calcium phosphate deposition. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of four groups were evaluated: polished commercially pure titanium (cpTi): Ti-P; laser irradiation + calcium phosphate deposition on cpTi: Ti-LCP; polished Ti-15Mo alloy: Ti15Mo-P; and laser irradiation + calcium phosphate deposition on Ti-15Mo alloy: Ti15Mo-LCP. Before and after laser irradiation and calcium phosphate deposition on the surfaces, physicochemical and morphological analyses were performed: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX). The wettability of the samples was evaluated by contact angle measurement. In addition, the behavior of osteoblast-like cells to these surfaces was evaluated for cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation and viability, evaluation of alkaline phosphatase formation and gene expression of osteogenesis markers. RESULTS Surfaces wet-abrade with grit paper (P) showed oriented groves, while the laser irradiation and calcium phosphate deposition (LCP) produced porosity on both cpTi and Ti15Mo alloy groups with deposits of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals (SEM). EDX showed no contamination after surface modification in both metal samples. A complete wetting was observed for both LCP groups, whereas P surfaces exhibited high degree of hydrophobicity. There was a statistical difference in the intragroup comparison of proliferation and viability (p < 0.05). The ALP activity showed higher values in the Ti15Mo alloy at 10 days of culture. The gene expression of bone related molecules did not present significant differences at 7 and 14 days among different metals and surface treatments. CONCLUSION Ti15-Mo seems to be an alternative alloy to cpTi for dental implants. Surface treatment by laser irradiation followed by phosphate deposition seems to positively interact with bone cells. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Ti-15Mo alloy surface modified by laser-beam irradiation followed by calcium phosphate deposition may improve and accelerate the osseointegration process of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Florian
- Departament of Morphology - Anatomy, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - F P S Guastaldi
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M A Cominotte
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - L C Pires
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - A C Guastaldi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Araraquara, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - J A Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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125
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Ion R, Cabon G, Gordin DM, Ionica E, Gloriant T, Cimpean A. Endothelial Cell Responses to a Highly Deformable Titanium Alloy Designed for Vascular Stent Applications. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:33. [PMID: 34068852 PMCID: PMC8162573 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium alloys are widely used for biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibility. Nevertheless, they cannot be used for balloon expandable stents due to a lack of ductility compared to cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys and stainless steels. In this study, a new highly deformable Ti-16Nb-8Mo alloy was designed for such an application. However, the biological performance of a stent material is strongly influenced by the effect exerted on the behavior of endothelial cells. Therefore, the cellular responses of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), including morphological characteristics, cell viability and proliferation, and functional markers expression, were investigated to evaluate the biocompatibility of the alloy in the present study. The in vitro results demonstrated the suitability of this alloy for use as endovascular stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ion
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.); (E.I.)
| | - Gaëtan Cabon
- University of Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes—UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (G.C.); (D.-M.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Doina-Margareta Gordin
- University of Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes—UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (G.C.); (D.-M.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Elena Ionica
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.); (E.I.)
| | - Thierry Gloriant
- University of Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes—UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France; (G.C.); (D.-M.G.); (T.G.)
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.); (E.I.)
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126
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Swain S, Ong JL, Narayanan R, Rautray TR. Ti-9Mn β-type alloy exhibits better osteogenicity than Ti-15Mn alloy in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:2154-2161. [PMID: 33974331 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ti-9Mn and Ti-15Mn were prepared using an arc furnace in order to understand their osteogenic behavior as a biomedical implant. Ti-9Mn surface showed a significantly lower contact angle value (41%) as compared with the Ti-15Mn surface. The higher Ra and lower hydrophilicity values of Ti-9Mn alloy as compared with Ti-15Mn alloy indicates that Ti-9Mn can have better osteoconductive properties. ALP activity of the osteoblast cells on the Ti-9Mn alloy was elevated by 45% on day 7 and 20% on day 14 as compared to the Ti-15Mn alloy that reflects faster induction of osteoblast phenotypes of MG63 cells. Filopodia and lamellipodia structures were spread more on the Ti-9Mn specimens as compared to the Ti-15Mn alloy. Cell viability on Ti-9Mn alloy increased by 25% and 32%, respectively after 7 and 14 days of culture as compared to Ti-15Mn alloy. On day 14 of culture, the relative expression of RUNX2, COL1, and OC on Ti-9Mn alloy were elevated by 35%, 21%, and 30% respectively than the Ti-15Mn alloy. Ti-9Mn alloy also exhibited an inductive effect on the cell proliferation, and upregulation in the expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OC that is, the genes related to osteoblastic differentiation. Hence, the present in vitro results suggest that Ti-9Mn can be a preferred implant material than the Ti-15Mn alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasmita Swain
- Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Joo L Ong
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA circle, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Tapash R Rautray
- Biomaterials and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India
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127
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Tribocorrosion Evaluation of Nb2O5, TiO2, and Nb2O5 + TiO2 Coatings for Medical Applications. LUBRICANTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants9050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Materials used in biomedicine for purposes of long-time stay inside the body presents diverse sort of problems like cytotoxicity, wear, biocompatibility, and ion liberation along time. This paper presents the characterization of corrosion-wear combined phenomena on Nb2O5, TiO2, and Nb2O5 + TiO2 coatings with future applications as biomaterials. After the films’ production process using magnetron sputtering technique, they were characterized through an optic, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy to evaluate their morphology, structure, and surface damage suffered by the synergy between wear and corrosion phenomena. The life in service of the implant was evaluated in terms of the coating behavior against inside body conditions like charge, wear, and electrochemical degradation. This test was made with electrochemical measurements in simulated biological fluid combined with the wear characterization implementing a potentiostat and a tribometer in a linear wear configuration with a bone pin. As a result, the different electrochemical responses of the films were evidenced by polarization curves and equivalent circuits of the systems. The coefficient of friction and surface degradation were also obtained and evaluated. Comparing the properties of the systems, we conclude that TiO2 coatings have better behavior in terms of the wear-corrosion synergy phenomena while the systems with Nb present pitting corrosion.
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128
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Khimich MA, Prosolov KA, Mishurova T, Evsevleev S, Monforte X, Teuschl AH, Slezak P, Ibragimov EA, Saprykin AA, Kovalevskaya ZG, Dmitriev AI, Bruno G, Sharkeev YP. Advances in Laser Additive Manufacturing of Ti-Nb Alloys: From Nanostructured Powders to Bulk Objects. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1159. [PMID: 33946726 PMCID: PMC8145374 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The additive manufacturing of low elastic modulus alloys that have a certain level of porosity for biomedical needs is a growing area of research. Here, we show the results of manufacturing of porous and dense samples by a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of Ti-Nb alloy, using two distinctive fusion strategies. The nanostructured Ti-Nb alloy powders were produced by mechanical alloying and have a nanostructured state with nanosized grains up to 90 nm. The manufactured porous samples have pronounced open porosity and advanced roughness, contrary to dense samples with a relatively smooth surface profile. The structure of both types of samples after LPBF is formed by uniaxial grains having micro- and nanosized features. The inner structure of the porous samples is comprised of an open interconnected system of pores. The volume fraction of isolated porosity is 2 vol. % and the total porosity is 20 vol. %. Cell viability was assessed in vitro for 3 and 7 days using the MG63 cell line. With longer culture periods, cells showed an increased cell density over the entire surface of a porous Ti-Nb sample. Both types of samples are not cytotoxic and could be used for further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A. Khimich
- Laboratory of Nanobioengineering, Laboratory of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design of Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, 2/4, Akademicheskii pr., 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (K.A.P.); (Y.P.S.)
- Physics Technical Faculty, Tomsk Material Science Common Use Center, National Research Tomsk State University, 36, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Prosolov
- Laboratory of Nanobioengineering, Laboratory of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design of Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, 2/4, Akademicheskii pr., 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (K.A.P.); (Y.P.S.)
| | - Tatiana Mishurova
- Department of Non-Destructive Testing, Division 8.5 Micro NDE, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (S.E.); (G.B.)
| | - Sergei Evsevleev
- Department of Non-Destructive Testing, Division 8.5 Micro NDE, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (S.E.); (G.B.)
| | - Xavier Monforte
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Höchstädtpl. 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (X.M.); (A.H.T.)
| | - Andreas H. Teuschl
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Höchstädtpl. 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (X.M.); (A.H.T.)
| | - Paul Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Egor A. Ibragimov
- Material Science Department, Research School of Physics of High Energy Processes, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurga Technical University TPU Affiliate, 30, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (Z.G.K.)
| | - Alexander A. Saprykin
- Material Science Department, Research School of Physics of High Energy Processes, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurga Technical University TPU Affiliate, 30, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (Z.G.K.)
| | - Zhanna G. Kovalevskaya
- Material Science Department, Research School of Physics of High Energy Processes, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurga Technical University TPU Affiliate, 30, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (Z.G.K.)
| | - Andrey I. Dmitriev
- Laboratory of Nanobioengineering, Laboratory of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design of Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, 2/4, Akademicheskii pr., 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (K.A.P.); (Y.P.S.)
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of Non-Destructive Testing, Division 8.5 Micro NDE, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -Prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany; (T.M.); (S.E.); (G.B.)
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yurii P. Sharkeev
- Laboratory of Nanobioengineering, Laboratory of Nanostructured Biocomposites, Laboratory of Computer-Aided Design of Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of SB RAS, 2/4, Akademicheskii pr., 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (M.A.K.); (K.A.P.); (Y.P.S.)
- Material Science Department, Research School of Physics of High Energy Processes, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurga Technical University TPU Affiliate, 30, Lenina pr., 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (Z.G.K.)
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129
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Characterization of Titanium Surface Modification Strategies for Osseointegration Enhancement. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11040618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As biocompatible metallic materials, titanium and its alloys have been widely used in the orthopedic field due to their superior strength, low density, and ease of processing. However, further improvement in biological response is still required for rapid osseointegration. Here, various Ti surface-treatment technologies were applied: hydroxyapatite blasting, sand blasting and acid etching, anodic oxidation, and micro-arc oxidation. The surface characteristics of specimens subjected to these techniques were analyzed in terms of structure, elemental composition, and wettability. The adhesion strength of the coating layer was also assessed for the coated specimens. Biocompatibility was compared via tests of in vitro attachment and proliferation of pre-osteoblast cells.
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130
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Cao NJ, Zhu YH, Gao F, Liang C, Wang ZB, Zhang Y, Hao CP, Wang W. Gradient nanostructured titanium stimulates cell responses in vitro and enhances osseointegration in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:531. [PMID: 33987229 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Though titanium (Ti) is widely used as dental materials in the clinic, effective methods to treat Ti for higher surface biological activity still lack. Through Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) technology we could endow Ti with gradient nanostructured surface (GNS Ti). To investigate the biocompatibility of GNS Ti for its further application in dental implant field, we study the effects of GNS Ti on cell responses in vitro and osseointegration of the implant with surrounding bone tissues in vivo. Methods In this study, GNS Ti was fabricated by SMAT. In vitro experiment, we co-cultured GNS Ti with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), surface characterization was detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), MTT, flow cytometry (FCM), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) tests. In vivo experiment, the GNS Ti was implanted into the rabbit mandible. Osteogenesis and osseointegration were evaluated by Micro CT, toluidine blue staining, and immunohistochemical staining at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results Both results showed that compared with the coarse grained (CG) Ti, the GNS Ti stimulated the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of BMSCs and improved osteogenesis and osseointegration. Conclusions This study indicates that gradient nanostructured Ti is a promising material for dental implant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Jue Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yu-He Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun-Ping Hao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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131
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The Influence of Nanometals, Dispersed in the Electrophoretic Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy, on Their Morphology and Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071638. [PMID: 33810612 PMCID: PMC8037798 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, nanohydroxyapatite coatings with nanosilver and nanocopper have been fabricated and studied. The presented results concern coatings with a chemical composition that has never been proposed before. The present research aims to characterize the effects of nanosilver and nanocopper, dispersed in nanohydroxyapatite coatings and deposited on a new, non-toxic Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, on the physical and mechanical properties of coatings. The coatings were obtained by a one-stage electrophoretic process. The surface topography, and the chemical and phase compositions of coatings were examined with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of coatings were determined by nanoindentation tests, while coatings adhesion was determined by nanoscratch tests. The results demonstrate that copper addition increases the hardness and adhesion. The presence of nanosilver has no significant influence on the adhesion of coatings.
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132
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Giannicola G, Castagna V, Villani C, Gumina S, Scacchi M. Does shape and size of the stems affect the stress-shielding around press-fit radial head arthroplasty? Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:530-535. [PMID: 33641422 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b3.bjj-2020-1421.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS It has been hypothesized that proximal radial neck resorption (PRNR) following press-fit radial head arthroplasty (RHA) is due to stress-shielding. We compared two different press-fit stems by means of radiographs to investigate whether the shape and size of the stems are correlated with the degree of PRNR. METHODS The radiographs of 52 RHAs were analyzed both at 14 days postoperatively and after two years. A cylindrical stem and a conical stem were implanted in 22 patients (group 1) and 30 patients (group 2), respectively. The PRNR was measured in the four quadrants of the radial neck and the degree of stem filling was calculated by analyzing the ratio between the prosthetic stem diameter (PSD) and the medullary canal diameter (MCD) at the proximal portion of the stem (level A), halfway along the stem length (level B), and distally at the stem tip (level C). RESULTS Overall, 50 of the 52 patients displayed PRNR. The mean PRNR observed was 3.9 mm (0 to 7.4). The degree of endomedullary stem filling at levels A, B, and C was 96%, 90%, and 68% in group 1, and 96%, 72%, and 57%, in group 2, with differences being significant at levels B (p < 0.001) and C (p < 0.001). No significant correlations emerged between the severity of PRNR and the three stem/canal ratios either within each group or between the groups. CONCLUSION PRNR in press-fit RHA appears to be independent of the shape and size of the stems. Other causes besides stem design should be investigated to explain completely this phenomenon. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(3):530-535.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giannicola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Castagna
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ciro Villani
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gumina
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Scacchi
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Centro Ortopedico Traumatologico A. Alesini, Rome, Italy
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133
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Wang Q, Wu M, Xu X, Ding C, Luo J, Li J. Direct Current Stimulation for Improved Osteogenesis of MC3T3 Cells Using Mineralized Conductive Polyaniline. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:852-861. [PMID: 33715374 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatites (HAPs) are usually coated on the surface of an implant to improve the osseointegration with defect bone tissue. Besides, conducting polymers have the advantages of good conductivity, reasonable biocompatibility, and easy of modification, which endow them applicable to electrical stimulation therapy. However, it still remains a great challenge to fabricate hybrid coating combing HAP with conducting polymer on implant surface efficiently. In this work, phytic acid-doped polyaniline (PANI) were successfully synthesized on medical titanium (Ti) sheets. By virtue of the abundant anodic phosphoric groups of phytic acid, HAP nanocrystals were biomineralized on PANI. The PANI-HAP hybrid layer exhibits good cell compatibility with MC3T3 cells. More importantly, HAP nanocrystals and PANI operate synergistically on cell proliferation and osteogenesis through electrical stimulation. Alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular calcium contents of cells on PANI-HAP display 3-fold and 2.6-fold increases, compared with bare Ti sheets, respectively. The valid integration of mineralization and electrical stimulation in this work renders an efficient strategy for implant coating, which might have potential applications in bone-related defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China.,College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, No. 16 South Section 4, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingzhen Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chunmei Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, No. 16 South Section 4, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
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Niu J, Guo Y, Li K, Liu W, Dan Z, Sun Z, Chang H, Zhou L. Improved mechanical, bio-corrosion properties and in vitro cell responses of Ti-Fe alloys as candidate dental implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111917. [PMID: 33641910 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of Fe alloying influence on as-cast titanium alloys, including microstructure, mechanical properties, bio-corrosion behavior and in-vitro cell response have been carried out to evaluate the biological application potential of Ti-Fe binary alloys. The results indicate that grain sizes of as-cast Ti-Fe alloys are remarkably refined with Fe addition and the mechanical strength is increased tremendously. For instance, Ti-2Fe alloy presents excellent mechanical properties by elevating the tensile strength to 566 MPa, or 1.5 times over pure Ti, while maintaining a relative high plasticity. All Ti-Fe alloys carried in this study show a higher corrosion resistance in Hank's solution than pure Ti due to the grain refine enhancement and higher oxide film growth kinetics. Ti-2Fe alloy presents the best corrosion resistance among them and higher Fe content could bring more Fe2O3 to the oxidation films that decrease the corrosion resistance accordingly. All Ti-Fe alloys are holding a similar osteoblast cell viability and response to pure Ti which ensure their biocompatibility. The combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and in-vitro response of Ti-2Fe promised its application as dental implants in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhe Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanhua Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhenhua Dan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhonggang Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering and Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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135
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Current interpretations on the in vivo response of bone to additively manufactured metallic porous scaffolds: A review. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 2:100013. [PMID: 36824658 PMCID: PMC9934422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of metallic additive manufacturing have expanded production capabilities for bone implants to include porous lattice structures. While traditional models of de novo bone formation can be applied to fully dense implant materials, their applicability to the interior of porous materials has not been well-characterized. Unlike other reviews that focus on materials and mechanical properties of lattice structures, this review compiles biological performance from in vivo studies in pre-clinical models only. First, we introduce the most common lattice geometry designs employed in vivo and discuss some of their fabrication advantages and limitations. Then lattice geometry is correlated to quantitative (histomorphometric) and qualitative (histological) assessments of osseointegration. We group studies according to two common implant variables: pore size and percent porosity, and explore the extent of osseointegration using common measures, including bone-implant contact (BIC), bone area (BA), bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) and biomechanical stability, for various animal models and implantation times. Based on this, trends related to in vivo bone formation on the interior of lattice structures are presented. Common challenges with lattice structures are highlighted, including nonuniformity of bone growth through the entirety of the lattice structure due to occlusion effects and avascularity. This review paper identifies a lack of systematic in vivo studies on porous AM implants to target optimum geometric design, including pore shape, size, and percent porosity in controlled animal models and critical-sized defects. Further work focusing on surface modification strategies and systematic geometric studies to homogenize in vivo bone growth through the scaffold interior are recommended to increase implant stability in the early stages of osseointegration.
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Sidhu SS, Singh H, Gepreel MAH. A review on alloy design, biological response, and strengthening of β-titanium alloys as biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111661. [PMID: 33579432 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
From the past few years, developments of β-Ti alloys have been the subject of active research in the medical domain. The current paper highlights significant findings in the area of β-Ti alloy design, biological responses, strengthening mechanisms, and developing low-cost implants with a high degree of biocompatibility. It is evident that an astonishing demand for developing the low modulus-high strength implants can be fulfilled by synchronizing β stabilizer content and incorporating tailored thermo-mechanical techniques. Furthermore, the biological response of the implants is as important as the physical properties that regulate healing response; hence, the optimum selection of alloying elements plays a curial role for clinical success. The paper also presents the evolution of patents in this field from the year 2010 to 2020 showing the relevant innovations that may benefit a wide range of researchers.
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137
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Rashid S, Sebastiani M, Mughal MZ, Daniel R, Bemporad E. Influence of the Silver Content on Mechanical Properties of Ti-Cu-Ag Thin Films. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020435. [PMID: 33572136 PMCID: PMC7915568 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the ternary titanium, copper, and silver (Ti-Cu-Ag) system is investigated as a potential candidate for the production of mechanically robust biomedical thin films. The coatings are produced by physical vapor deposition—magnetron sputtering (MS-PVD). The composite thin films are deposited on a silicon (100) substrate. The ratio between Ti and Cu was approximately kept one, with the variation of the Ag content between 10 and 35 at.%, while the power on the targets is changed during each deposition to get the desired Ag content. Thin film characterization is performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (modulus and hardness), to quantitatively evaluate the scratch adhesion, and atomic force microscopy to determine the surface topography. The residual stresses are measured by focused ion beam and digital image correlation method (FIB-DIC). The produced Ti-Cu-Ag thin films appear to be smooth, uniformly thick, and exhibit amorphous structure for the Ag contents lower than 25 at.%, with a transition to partially crystalline structure for higher Ag concentrations. The Ti-Cu control film shows higher values of 124.5 GPa and 7.85 GPa for modulus and hardness, respectively. There is a clear trend of continuous decrease in the modulus and hardness with the increase of Ag content, as lowest value of 105.5 GPa and 6 GPa for 35 at.% Ag containing thin films. In particular, a transition from the compressive (−36.5 MPa) to tensile residual stresses between 229 MPa and 288 MPa are observed with an increasing Ag content. The obtained results suggest that the Ag concentration should not exceed 25 at.%, in order to avoid an excessive reduction of the modulus and hardness with maintaining (at the same time) the potential for an increase of the antibacterial properties. In summary, Ti-Cu-Ag thin films shows characteristic mechanical properties that can be used to improve the properties of biomedical implants such as Ti-alloys and stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Rashid
- Engineering Department, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (M.Z.M.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Sebastiani
- Engineering Department, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (M.Z.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Mughal
- Engineering Department, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (M.Z.M.); (E.B.)
- School of Engineering & Innovation, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Rostislav Daniel
- Department of Materials Science, University of Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria;
| | - Edoardo Bemporad
- Engineering Department, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (M.Z.M.); (E.B.)
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138
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Cheng J, Li J, Yu S, Du Z, Zhang X, Zhang W, Gai J, Wang H, Song H, Yu Z. Influence of Isothermal ω Transitional Phase-Assisted Phase Transition From β to α on Room-Temperature Mechanical Performance of a Meta-Stable β Titanium Alloy Ti-10Mo-6Zr-4Sn-3Nb (Ti-B12) for Medical Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:626665. [PMID: 33553129 PMCID: PMC7855458 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.626665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The microstructural evolution and tensile performance of a meta-stable β-type biomedical Ti−10Mo−6Zr−4Sn−3Nb (Ti-B12) alloy subjected to one-stage aging (OSA) and two-stage aging (TSA) are investigated in this work. The OSA treatment is performed at 510°C for 8 h. The TSA treatments are composed of low-temperature aging and high-temperature aging. In the first step, low-temperature aging is conducted at 325°C for 2 h. In the second step, the aging temperature is the same as that in the OSA. The result of the microstructure evolution shows that the precipitated secondary phase after aging is mainly influenced by the process of phase transition. There is a marked difference in the microstructure of the Ti-B12 alloy subjected to the OSA and TSA treatments. The needle-shaped α phases are precipitated in the parent β phase after the OSA treatment. Conversely, the short shuttle-like α phases precipitated after the TSA treatment are formed in the β matrix with the aid of the role of the isothermal ω transitional phase-assisted phase transition. The electron backscattered diffraction results indicate that the crystallographic orientation relationship of the α phases precipitated during the TSA treatment is basically analogous to those in the OSA treatment. The relatively higher tensile strength of 1,275 MPa is achieved by strengthening the effect of the short shuttle-like α precipitation with a size of 0.123 μm in length during the TSA treatment, associating with a suitable elongation of 12% at room temperature simultaneously. The fracture surfaces of the samples after the OSA and TSA treatments indicate that preventing the coarsening of the α layers in the grain boundaries is favorable for the enhancement of strength of Ti-B12 at room temperature. MTT test was carried out to evaluate the acute cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the implanted material using L929 cells. The relative proliferation rates of cytotoxicity levels 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are ≥100, 80–99, 50–79, 30–49, and 0–29%, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the Ti-B12 alloy is slightly better than that of the Ti−6Al−4V alloy, which can meet the requirements of medical materials for biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaoxin Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinyang Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongchuan Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongjie Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Institute of Advanced Wear and Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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139
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Fabrication of nanocrystalline austenitic stainless steel with superior strength and ductility via binder assisted extrusion method. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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140
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Peng F, Cheng S, Zhang R, Li M, Zhou J, Wang D, Zhang Y. Zn-contained mussel-inspired film on Mg alloy for inhibiting bacterial infection and promoting bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbaa044. [PMID: 33732490 PMCID: PMC7947588 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection and insufficient osteointegration are the main causes of orthopedic implant failure. Furthermore, activating favorable inflammation response is vital to the fast osteointegration of implants. Therefore, endowing the implants with multifunctions (antibacterial, anti-inflammation, and pro-osteointegration) is a promising strategy to improve the performance of orthopedic implants. In this study, a Zn-contained polydopamine (PDA) film was fabricated on AZ31 alloy. The film possessed a stable Zn ion release in 14 days. The results of electrochemical analysis implied the favorable corrosion protection of the film, and thus, leading to a suitable hemolysis ratio (below 1%). The in vitro antibacterial assessment revealed that the film exhibited excellent resistance against Staphylococcus aureus (nearly 100%), which can be ascribed to the release of Zn ions. The cell-culture evaluation revealed that the extract of Zn-contained PDA-coated sample can activate RAW264.7 polarization to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, as well as enhance the osteogenic differentiation ability of MC3T3-E1. Additionally, the femoral osteomyelitis model indicated that the as-prepared film had a high antibacterial capability at early stage of the implantation, and showed better osteogenesis and osteointegration after 8 weeks of implantation. With favorable antibacterial, anti-inflammation, and pro-osteogenesis abilities, the novel designed Zn-contained PDA film is promising to be used in Mg-based orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shi Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Ruiying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jielong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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141
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In Vivo Assessment of Synthetic and Biological-Derived Calcium Phosphate-Based Coatings Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Deposition: A Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present the state-of-the art achievements reported in the last two decades in the field of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of biocompatible calcium phosphate (CaP)-based coatings for medical implants, with an emphasis on their in vivo biological performances. There are studies in the dedicated literature on the in vivo testing of CaP-based coatings (especially hydroxyapatite, HA) synthesized by many physical vapor deposition methods, but only a few of them addressed the PLD technique. Therefore, a brief description of the PLD technique, along with some information on the currently used substrates for the synthesis of CaP-based structures, and a short presentation of the advantages of using various animal and human implant models will be provided. For an in-depth in vivo assessment of both synthetic and biological-derived CaP-based PLD coatings, a special attention will be dedicated to the results obtained by standardized and micro-radiographies, (micro) computed tomography and histomorphometry, tomodensitometry, histology, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and mechanical testing. One main specific result of the in vivo analyzed studies is related to the demonstrated superior osseointegration characteristics of the metallic (generally Ti) implants functionalized with CaP-based coatings when compared to simple (control) Ti ones, which are considered as the “gold standard” for implantological applications. Thus, all such important in vivo outcomes were gathered, compiled and thoroughly discussed both to clearly understand the current status of this research domain, and to be able to advance perspectives of these synthetic and biological-derived CaP coatings for future clinical applications.
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142
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Zhang JM, Zhao ZY, Chen QH, Chen XH, Li YH. Study of Ag precipitation and mechanical properties of Ti-Ta-Ag ternary alloy. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2976-2984. [PMID: 35424205 PMCID: PMC8693817 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09356d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ti–25Ta–xAg alloy samples with different content of Ag were prepared by spark plasma sintering method. X-ray diffraction, microscopic metallographic, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the phase structure and morphology of the alloy samples. Ti–Ta–Ag can form a stable ternary alloy system. Furthermore, with the increase of Ag content and sintering temperature, Ag will be precipitated at the grain boundary. In order to explore the precipitation mechanism of Ag in the alloy and its influence on the mechanical properties, the crystal structure, electronic structure, and elastic constant under different Ag solid solubility were calculated systematically by using first-principles calculations. The results show that the critical temperature of Ag in Ti–Ta–Ag ternary alloy is about 2200 K, and the high temperature is favorable for the aging precipitation of Ag. The lattice constants and mechanical properties of (Ti1−xAgx)3Ta solid solution suddenly change when the Ag solid solubility x value is equal to 0.8, and their changes will follow different rules. The internal mechanism of this phenomenon is that the 4d10 electronic states of Ag have changed from obvious local electronic states to mixed local and non-local electronic states. These results provide theoretical guidance for the application of Ti–Ta–Ag ternary alloys in biomedicine. Precipitation of columnar Ag particles from Ti–Ta–Ag ternary alloys improves mechanical properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Min Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650093 China
| | - Zong-Yan Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650093 China
| | - Qing-Hua Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650093 China
| | - Xing-Hu Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650093 China
| | - Yin-He Li
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650093 China
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143
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Awasthi S, Pandey SK, Arunan E, Srivastava C. A review on hydroxyapatite coatings for the biomedical applications: experimental and theoretical perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:228-249. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The production of hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite coatings has continuously been investigated for bone tissue applications during the last few decades due to their significant bioactivity and osteoconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Awasthi
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - E. Arunan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - Chandan Srivastava
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
- Bangalore 560012
- India
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144
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Saha SK, Park YJ, Cho SO. Fabrication of highly ordered nanoporous oxide layer on Ti6Al4V surfaces for improved corrosion resistance property. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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145
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Discovery of New Ti-Based Alloys Aimed at Avoiding/Minimizing Formation of α” and ω-Phase Using CALPHAD and Artificial Intelligence. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we studied a Ti-Nb-Zr-Sn system for exploring novel composition and temperatures that will be helpful in maximizing the stability of β phase while minimizing the formation of α” and ω-phase. The Ti-Nb-Zr-Sn system is free of toxic elements. This system was studied under the framework of CALculation of PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD) approach for determining the stability of various phases. These data were analyzed through artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. Deep learning artificial neural network (DLANN) models were developed for various phases as a function of alloy composition and temperature. Software was written in Python programming language and DLANN models were developed utilizing TensorFlow/Keras libraries. DLANN models were used to predict various phases for new compositions and temperatures and provided a more complete dataset. This dataset was further analyzed through the concept of self-organizing maps (SOM) for determining correlations between phase stability of various phases, chemical composition, and temperature. Through this study, we determined candidate alloy compositions and temperatures that will be helpful in avoiding/minimizing formation of α” and ω-phase in a Ti-Zr-Nb-Sn system. This approach can be utilized in other systems such as ω-free shape memory alloys. DLANN models can even be used on a common Android mobile phone.
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146
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Golasiński KM, Detsch R, Szklarska M, Łosiewicz B, Zubko M, Mackiewicz S, Pieczyska EA, Boccaccini AR. Evaluation of mechanical properties, in vitro corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Gum Metal in the context of implant applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104289. [PMID: 33388535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, several novel Ti alloys have been developed in order to produce improved alternatives to the conventional alloys used in the biomedical industry such as commercially pure titanium or dual phase (alpha and beta) Ti alloys. Gum Metal with the non-toxic composition Ti-36Nb-2Ta-3Zr-0.3O (wt. %) is a relatively new alloy which belongs to the group of metastable beta Ti alloys. In this work, Gum Metal has been assessed in terms of its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and cell culture response. The performance of Gum Metal was contrasted with that of Ti-6Al-4V ELI (extra-low interstitial) which is commonly used as a material for implants. The advantageous mechanical characteristics of Gum Metal, e.g. a relatively low Young's modulus (below 70 GPa), high strength (over 1000 MPa) and a large range of reversible deformation, that are important in the context of potential implant applications, were confirmed. Moreover, the results of short- and long-term electrochemical characterization of Gum Metal showed high corrosion resistance in Ringer's solution with varied pH. The corrosion resistance of Gum Metal was best in a weak acid environment. Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that Gum Metal is significantly less susceptible to pitting corrosion compared to Ti-6Al-4V ELI. The oxide layer on the Gum Metal surface was stable up to 8.5 V. Prior to cell culture, the surface conditions of the samples, such as nanohardness, roughness and chemical composition, were analyzed. Evaluation of the in vitro biocompatibility of the alloys was performed by cell attachment and spreading analysis after incubation for 48 h. Increased in vitro MC3T3-E1 osteoblast viability and proliferation on the Gum Metal samples was observed. Gum Metal presented excellent properties making it a suitable candidate for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Marek Golasiński
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Magdalena Szklarska
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Bożena Łosiewicz
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Zubko
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - Sławomir Mackiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Alicja Pieczyska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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147
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Dubey A, Jaiswal S, Haldar S, Roy P, Lahiri D. Functionally gradient magnesium-based composite for temporary orthopaedic implant with improved corrosion resistance and osteogenic properties. Biomed Mater 2020; 16:015017. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abb721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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148
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Lee HE, Wu JH, Chao CY, Chang YH, Du JK, Chen KK, Chen HM. A Study of Low Young's Modulus Ti-15Ta-15Nb Alloy Using TEM Analysis. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13245694. [PMID: 33327375 PMCID: PMC7764856 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The microstructural characteristics and Young’s modulus of the as-cast Ti–15Ta–15Nb alloy are reported in this study. On the basis of the examined XRD and TEM results, the microstructure of the current alloy is essentially a mixture (α + β+ α′ + α″ + ω + H) phase. The new H phase has not previously been identified as a known phase in the Ti–Ta–Nb alloy system. On the basis of examination of the Kikuchi maps, the new H phase belongs to a tetragonal structural class with lattice parameters of a = b = 0.328 nm and c = 0.343 nm, denoting an optimal presentation of the atomic arrangement. The relationships of orientation between these phases would be {0001}α//{110}β//{1¯21¯0}ω//{101¯}H and (011¯0)α//(11¯2)β//(1¯010)ω//(121)H. Moreover, the Young’s modulus of the as-cast Ti–15Ta–15Nb alloy is approximately E = 80.2 ± 10.66 GPa. It is implied that the Young’s modulus can be decreased by the mixing of phases, especially with the presence of the H phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Er Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80249, Taiwan;
| | - Ju-Hui Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yeh Chao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Pintung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (H.-M.C.)
| | - Yen-Hao Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Je-Kang Du
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (J.-K.D.); (K.-K.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121-101 (ext. 7003) (J.-K.D.)
| | - Ker-Kong Chen
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (J.-K.D.); (K.-K.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121-101 (ext. 7003) (J.-K.D.)
| | - Huey-Ming Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Pintung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (H.-M.C.)
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149
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The Effect of Ca on In Vitro Behavior of Biodegradable Zn-Fe Alloy in Simulated Physiological Environments. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10121624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in Zn based alloys as structural materials for biodegradable implants is mainly attributed to the excellent biocompatibility of Zn and its important role in many physiological reactions. In addition, Zn based implants do not tend to produce hydrogen gas in in vivo conditions and hence do not promote the danger of gas embolism. However, Zn based implants can provoke encapsulation processes that, practically, may isolate the implant from its surrounding media, which limits its capability of performing as an acceptable biodegradable material. To overcome this problem, previous research carried out by the authors has paved the way for the development of Zn-Fe based alloys that have a relatively increased corrosion rate compared to pure Zn. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of 0.3–1.6% Ca on the in vitro behavior of Zn-Fe alloys and thus to further address the encapsulation problem. The in vitro assessment included immersion tests and electrochemical analysis in terms of open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, and impedance spectroscopy in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution at 37 °C. The mechanical properties of the examined alloys were evaluated by tension and hardness tests while cytotoxicity properties were examined using indirect cell metabolic activity analysis. The obtained results indicated that Ca additions increased the corrosion rate of Zn-Fe alloys and in parallel increased their strength and hardness. This was mainly attributed to the formation of a Ca-rich phase in the form CaZn13. Cytotoxicity assessment showed that the cells’ metabolic activity on the tested alloys was adequate at over 90%, which was comparable to the cells’ metabolic activity on an inert reference alloy Ti-6Al-4V.
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150
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Immobilizing magnesium ions on 3D printed porous tantalum scaffolds with polydopamine for improved vascularization and osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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