101
|
Wei RR, Sun DN, Yang H, Yan J, Zhang X, Zheng XL, Fu XH, Geng MY, Huang X, Ding J. CTC clusters induced by heparanase enhance breast cancer metastasis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1326-1337. [PMID: 29417941 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregated metastatic cancer cells, referred to as circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters, are present in the blood of cancer patients and contribute to cancer metastasis. However, the origin of CTC clusters, especially intravascular aggregates, remains unknown. Here, we employ suspension culture methods to mimic CTC cluster formation in the circulation of breast cancer patients. CTC clusters generated using these methods exhibited an increased metastatic potential that was defined by the overexpression of heparanase (HPSE). Heparanase induced FAK- and ICAM-1-dependent cell adhesion, which promoted intravascular cell aggregation. Moreover, knockdown of heparanase or inhibition of its activity with JG6, a heparanase inhibitor, was sufficient to block the formation of cell clusters and suppress breast cancer metastasis. Our data reveal that heparanase-mediated cell adhesion is critical for metastasis mediated by intravascular CTC clusters. We also suggest that targeting the function of heparanase in cancer cell dissemination might limit metastatic progression.
Collapse
|
102
|
Circulating tumor microemboli: Progress in molecular understanding and enrichment technologies. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1367-1389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
103
|
Khatami F, Tavangar SM. Liquid Biopsy in Thyroid Cancer: New Insight. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2018; 12:235-248. [PMID: 30595827 PMCID: PMC6305265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer, one of the most widespread malignancies of the endocrine-related system that over the past three decades, has a vivid increasing rate. The diagnosis and management of it is dependent on the tumor type and stage. Thyroid cancer is divided into four main types, including PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma), FTC (follicular thyroid carcinoma), MTC (medullarly thyroid carcinoma), and ATC (anaplastic thyroid carcinoma). The development of the noninvasive diagnostic tool for plasma genotyping, also known as "liquid biopsy", brings a new insight for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. It is mainly containing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cell (CTC), exosomes and extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA). Liquid biopsy as a new plasma genotyping source brings a new prospective of tumor monitoring and therapy. It beneficially reduces the need of tissue biopsy and made early recognition of relapse as well. This article summarizes its components characteristics and their benefit in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khatami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Qi LN, Xiang BD, Wu FX, Ye JZ, Zhong JH, Wang YY, Chen YY, Chen ZS, Ma L, Chen J, Gong WF, Han ZG, Lu Y, Shang JJ, Li LQ. Circulating Tumor Cells Undergoing EMT Provide a Metric for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4731-4744. [PMID: 29915159 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the significance of circulating tumor cells (CTC) undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we used an advanced CanPatrol CTC-enrichment technique and in situ hybridization to enrich and classify CTC from blood samples. One hundred and one of 112 (90.18%) patients with HCC were CTC positive, even with early-stage disease. CTCs were also detected in 2 of 12 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), both of whom had small HCC tumors detected within 5 months. CTC count ≥16 and mesenchymal-CTC (M-CTC) percentage ≥2% prior to resection were significantly associated with early recurrence, multi-intrahepatic recurrence, and lung metastasis. Postoperative CTC monitoring in 10 patients found that most had an increased CTC count and M-CTC percentage before clinically detectable recurrence nodules appeared. Analysis of HCC with high CTC count and high M-CTC percentage identified 67 differentially expressed cancer-related genes involved in cancer-related biological pathways (e.g., cell adhesion and migration, tumor angiogenesis, and apoptosis). One of the identified genes, BCAT1, was significantly upregulated, and knockdown in Hepg2, Hep3B, and Huh7 cells reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis. A concomitant increase in epithelial marker expression (EpCAM and E-cadherin) and reduced mesenchymal marker expression (vimentin and Twist) suggest that BCAT1 may trigger the EMT process. Overall, CTCs were highly correlated with HCC characteristics, representing a novel marker for early diagnosis and a prognostic factor for early recurrence. BCAT1 overexpression may induce CTC release by triggering EMT and may be an important biomarker of HCC metastasis.Significance: In liver cancer, CTC examination may represent an important "liquid biopsy" tool to detect both early disease and recurrent or metastatic disease, providing cues for early intervention or adjuvant therapy. Cancer Res; 78(16); 4731-44. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Nan Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology research center, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Bang-De Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology research center, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology research center, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jia-Zhou Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zu-Shun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Feng Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ze-Guang Han
- China National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, Shanghai City, China
| | - Yan Lu
- SurExam Bio-Tech, Guangzhou Technology Innovation Base, Science City, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Jie Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Le-Qun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China. .,Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology research center, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Zhang Y, Zarrabi K, Hou W, Madajewicz S, Choi M, Zucker S, Chen WT. Assessing Clinical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer with Assays for Invasive Circulating Tumor Cells. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020069. [PMID: 29882767 PMCID: PMC6027397 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The goals of this study are to evaluate the association between levels of invasive circulating tumor cells (iCTCs) with CRC outcomes and to explore the molecular characteristics of iCTCs. Peripheral blood from 93 patients with Stage I⁻IV CRC was obtained and assessed for the detection and characterization of iCTCs using a functional collagen-based adhesion matrix (CAM) invasion assay. Patients were followed and assessed for overall survival. Tumor cells isolated by CAM were characterized using cell culture and microarray analyses. Of 93 patients, 88 (95%) had detectable iCTCs, ranging over 0⁻470 iCTCs/mL. Patients with Stage I⁻IV disease exhibited median counts of 0.0 iCTCs/mL (n = 6), 13.0 iCTCs/mL (n = 12), 41.0 iCTCs/mL (n = 12), and 133.0 iCTCs/mL (n = 58), respectively (p < 0.001). Kaplan⁻Meier curve analysis demonstrated a significant survival benefit in patients with low iCTC counts compared with in patients with high iCTC counts (log-rank p < 0.001). Multivariable Cox model analysis revealed that iCTC count was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (p = 0.009). Disease stage (p = 0.01, hazard ratio 1.66; 95% confidence interval: 1.12⁻2.47) and surgical intervention (p = 0.03, HR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.15⁻0.92) were also independent prognostic factors. Gene expression analysis demonstrated the expression of both endothelial and tumor progenitor cell biomarkers in iCTCs. CAM-based invasion assay shows a high detection sensitivity of iCTCs that inversely correlated with overall survival in CRC patients. Functional and gene expression analyses showed the phenotypic mosaics of iCTCs, mimicking the survival capability of circulating endothelial cells in the blood stream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | | | - Wei Hou
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Stefan Madajewicz
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Minsig Choi
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Stanley Zucker
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Department of Medicine and Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA.
| | - Wen-Tien Chen
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
- Vitatex Inc., 25 Health Sciences Drive, Stony Brook, NY 11790, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Yadav DK, Bai X, Yadav RK, Singh A, Li G, Ma T, Chen W, Liang T. Liquid biopsy in pancreatic cancer: the beginning of a new era. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26900-26933. [PMID: 29928492 PMCID: PMC6003564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With dismal survival rate pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and devastating malignancy. Predominantly, due to the absence of a dependable methodology for early identification and limited therapeutic options for advanced disease. However, it takes over 17 years to develop pancreatic cancer from initiation of mutation to metastatic cancer; therefore, if diagnosed early; it may increase overall survival dramatically, thus, providing a window of opportunity for early detection. Recently, genomic expression analysis defined 4 subtypes of pancreatic cancer based on mutated genes. Hence, we need simple and standard, minimally invasive test that can monitor those altered genes or their associated pathways in time for the success of precision medicine, and liquid biopsy seems to be one answer to all these questions. Again, liquid biopsy has an ability to pair with genomic tests. Additionally, liquid biopsy based development of circulating tumor cells derived xenografts, 3D organoids system, real-time monitoring of genetic mutations by circulating tumor DNA and exosome as the targeted drug delivery vehicle holds lots of potential for the treatment and cure of pancreatic cancer. At present, diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is frantically done on the premise of CA19-9 and radiological features only, which doesn't give a picture of genetic mutations and epigenetic alteration involved. In this manner, the current diagnostic paradigm for pancreatic cancer diagnosis experiences low diagnostic accuracy. This review article discusses the current state of liquid biopsy in pancreatic cancer as diagnostic and therapeutic tools and future perspectives of research in the light of circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA and exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Rajesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Gandaki Medical College, Tribhuwan University, Institute of Medicine, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
| | - Alina Singh
- Department of Surgery, Bir Hospital, National Academy of Medical Science, Kanti Path, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Guogang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Satar NA, Fakiruddin KS, Lim MN, Mok PL, Zakaria N, Fakharuzi NA, Abd Rahman AZ, Zakaria Z, Yahaya BH, Baharuddin P. Novel triple‑positive markers identified in human non‑small cell lung cancer cell line with chemotherapy-resistant and putative cancer stem cell characteristics. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:669-681. [PMID: 29845263 PMCID: PMC6072294 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Through the specific identification and direct targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs), it is believed that a better treatment efficacy of cancer may be achieved. Hence, the present study aimed to identify a CSC subpopulation from adenocarcinoma cells (A549) as a model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Initially, we sorted two subpopulations known as the triple-positive (EpCAM+/CD166+/CD44+) and triple-negative (EpCAM−/CD166−/CD44−) subpopulation using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Sorted cells were subsequently evaluated for proliferation and chemotherapy-resistance using a viability assay and were further characterized for their clonal heterogeneity, self-renewal characteristics, cellular migration, alkaline dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity and the expression of stemness-related genes. According to our findings the triple-positive subpopulation revealed significantly higher (P<0.01) proliferation activity, exhibited better clonogenicity, was mostly comprised of holoclones and had markedly bigger (P<0.001) spheroid formation indicating a better self-renewal capacity. A relatively higher resistance to both 5-fluouracil and cisplatin with 80% expression of ALDH was observed in the triple-positive subpopulation, compared to only 67% detected in the triple-negative subpopulation indicated that high ALDH activity contributed to greater chemotherapy-resistance characteristics. Higher percentage of migrated cells was observed in the triple-positive subpopulation with 56% cellular migration being detected, compared to only 19% in the triple-negative subpopulation on day 2. This was similarly observed on day 3 in the triple-positive subpopulation with 36% higher cellular migration compared to the triple-negative subpopulation. Consistently, elevated levels of the stem cell genes such as REX1 and SSEA4 were also found in the triple-positive subpopulation indicating that the subpopulation displayed a strong characteristic of pluripotency. In conclusion, our study revealed that the triple-positive subpopulation demonstrated similar characteristics to CSCs compared to the triple-negative subpopulation. It also confirmed the feasibility of using the triple-positive (EpCAM+/CD166+/CD44+) marker as a novel candidate marker that may lead to the development of novel therapies targeting CSCs of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazilah Abdul Satar
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Shaik Fakiruddin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Moon Nian Lim
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi Ling Mok
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor
| | - Norashikin Zakaria
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Noor Atiqah Fakharuzi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zuhairi Abd Rahman
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Zakaria
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Puteri Baharuddin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Haematology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Opoku-Damoah Y, Assanhou AG, Sooro MA, Baduweh CA, Sun C, Ding Y. Functional Diagnostic and Therapeutic Nanoconstructs for Efficient Probing of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14231-14247. [PMID: 29557165 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The circulation of tumor cells in peripheral blood is mostly recognized as a prerequisite for cancer progression or systemic invasion, and it correlates with the pivotal hallmark of malignancies known as metastasis. Multiple detection schemes for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as the most discerning criteria for monitoring the outcome of anticancer therapy. Therefore, there has been a tremendous increase in the use of robust nanostructured platforms for observation of these mobile tumor cells through various simultaneous diagnosis and treatment regimens developed from conventional techniques. This review seeks to give detailed information about the nature of CTCs as well as techniques for exploiting specific biomarkers to help monitor cancer via detection, capturing, and analysis of unstable tumor cells. We will further discuss nanobased diagnostic interventions and novel platforms which have recently been developed from versatile nanomaterials such as polymer nanocomposites, metal organic frameworks, bioderived nanomaterials and other physically responsive particles with desirable intrinsic and external properties. Herein, we will also include in vivo nanotheranostic platforms which have received a lot of attention because of their enormous clinical potential. In all, this review sums up the general potential of key promising nanoinspired systems as well as other advanced strategies under research and those in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Opoku-Damoah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Brisbane, QLD 4072
| | - Assogba G Assanhou
- UFR Pharmacie, Falculté des Sciences de la Santé , Université d'Abomey-Calavi , 01BP188 Cotonou , Benin
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
109
|
He W, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Luo Y, Cui Y, Jiang N, Jiang W, Wang H, Xu D, Li S, Wang Z, Chen Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Tseng HR, Zou X, Wang L, Ke Z. CTHRC1 induces non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) invasion through upregulating MMP-7/MMP-9. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:400. [PMID: 29631554 PMCID: PMC5891957 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The strong invasive and metastatic nature of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) leads to poor prognosis. Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) is involved in cell migration, motility and invasion. The object of this study is to investigate the involvement of CTHRC1 in NSCLC invasion and metastasis. Methods A proteomic analysis was performed to identify the different expression proteins between NSCLC and normal tissues. Cell lines stably express CTHRC1, MMP7, MMP9 were established. Invasion and migration were determined by scratch and transwell assays respectively. Clinical correlations of CTHRC1 in a cohort of 230 NSCLC patients were analysed. Results CTHRC1 is overexpressed in NSCLC as measured by proteomic analysis. Additionally, CTHRC1 increases tumour cell migration and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, CTHRC1 expression is significantly correlated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)7 and MMP9 expression in sera and tumour tissues from NSCLC. The invasion ability mediated by CTHRC1 were mainly MMP7- and MMP9-dependent. MMP7 or MMP9 depletion significantly eradicated the pro-invasive effects mediated by CTHRC1 on NSCLC cells. Clinically, patients with high CTHRC1 expression had poor survival. Conclusions CTHRC1 serves as a pro-metastatic gene that contributes to NSCLC invasion and metastasis, which are mediated by upregulated MMP7 and MMP9 expression. Targeting CTHRC1 may be beneficial for inhibiting NSCLC metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4317-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiling He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yuefeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yanbin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yifeng Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yongmei Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Wenting Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, No.26 Shenli Street, Jiang'an District, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, California, Los Angeles, 90095-1770, USA
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan Second Road, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Wang S, Zheng Y, Liu J, Huo F, Zhou J. Analysis of circulating tumor cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence following liver transplantation. J Investig Med 2018; 66:1-6. [PMID: 29632031 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2017-000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although studies have shown that detection of peripheral circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is an important tool for monitoring prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with cancer, few studies have analyzed their role in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver transplantation (LTx). The present study examined whether CTC levels were associated with HCC recurrence in patients with HCC after LTx. This prospective study included 47 patients who received LTx between October 2014 and May 2016 and who underwent analysis for peripheral CTCs at least twice using the CanPatrol system. Baseline Edmondson stage, T stage, accumulated tumor diameter, microvascular cancer embolus, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were greater in patients with recurrence (all p<0.05). In addition, 70.2% of patients with HCC were CTC-positive. Although the proportion of CTC subtypes changes following LTx and over the follow-up period with increased epithelial and interstitial CTC levels, no significant associations were observed between change in total CTCs or CTC subtype and HCC recurrence (all p>0.05). In conclusion, baseline Edmondson stage, T stage, accumulated tumor diameter, microvascular cancer embolus, and AFP levels may be predictive of HCC recurrence following LTx; however, CTC levels and subtypes were not. Further large, multicenter studies are necessary to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Wang
- Centre of Liver Transplantation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nan-Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujian Zheng
- Centre of Liver Transplantation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Centre of Liver Transplantation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Huo
- Centre of Liver Transplantation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nan-Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Mong J, Tan MH. Size-Based Enrichment Technologies for Non-cancerous Tumor-Derived Cells in Blood. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:511-522. [PMID: 29559166 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream can predict prognosis and survival in cancer patients. However, CTC rarity and heterogeneity pose challenges in using them as biomarkers. Recent publications have reported new classes of circulating, non-cancerous tumor-derived cells present in cancer patients but not in healthy controls; these include cancer-associated macrophages, tumor-endothelial clusters (TECs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Well-established marker-dependent CTC enrichment technologies will miss this group of circulating cells. To maximize our chance of finding useful circulating biomarkers in cancer patients, we propose the use of size-based enrichment technologies to isolate both cancerous and non-cancerous cells in circulation. We review their biological properties and discuss device features to consider in their enrichment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Mong
- Biodevices and Diagnostics, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Biodevices and Diagnostics, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore 138669, Singapore; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore; Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore; Concord Cancer Hospital, Singapore 289891, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
A Label Free Disposable Device for Rapid Isolation of Rare Tumor Cells from Blood by Ultrasounds. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:mi9030129. [PMID: 30424062 PMCID: PMC6187722 DOI: 10.3390/mi9030129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of blood samples as liquid biopsy is a label-free method for cancer diagnosis that offers benefits over traditional invasive biopsy techniques. Cell sorting by acoustic waves offers a means to separate rare cells from blood samples based on their physical properties in a label-free, contactless and biocompatible manner. Herein, we describe a flow-through separation approach that provides an efficient separation of tumor cells (TCs) from white blood cells (WBCs) in a microfluidic device, “THINUS-Chip” (Thin-Ultrasonic-Separator-Chip), actuated by ultrasounds. We introduce for the first time the concept of plate acoustic waves (PAW) applied to acoustophoresis as a new strategy. It lies in the geometrical chip design: different to other microseparators based on either bulk acoustic waves (BAW) or surface waves (SAW, SSAW and tSAW), it allows the use of polymeric materials without restrictions in the frequency of work. We demonstrate its ability to perform high-throughput isolation of TCs from WBCs, allowing a recovery rate of 84% ± 8% of TCs with a purity higher than 80% and combined viability of 85% at a flow rate of 80 μL/min (4.8 mL/h). The THINUS-Chip performs cell fractionation with low-cost manufacturing processes, opening the door to possible easy printing fabrication.
Collapse
|
113
|
Uchôa Guimarães CT, Ferreira Martins NN, Cristina da Silva Oliveira K, Almeida CM, Pinheiro TM, Gigek CO, Roberto de Araújo Cavallero S, Assumpção PP, Cardoso Smith MA, Burbano RR, Calcagno DQ. Liquid biopsy provides new insights into gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15144-15156. [PMID: 29599934 PMCID: PMC5871105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies have great promise for precision medicine as they provide information about primary and metastatic tumors via a minimally invasive method. In gastric cancer patients, a large number of blood-based biomarkers have been reported for their potential role in clinical practice for screening, early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, recurrence monitoring and therapeutic efficiency follow-up. This current review focuses on blood liquid biopsies' role and their clinical implications in gastric cancer patients, with an emphasis on circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). We also provide a brief discussion of the potential and limitations of liquid biopsies use and their future use in the routine clinical care of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Tavares Uchôa Guimarães
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Martins Almeida
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Oliveira Gigek
- Disciplina de Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Cirurgica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rommel Rodríguez Burbano
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Residência Multiprofissional em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
May AN, Crawford BD, Nedelcu AM. In Vitro Model-Systems to Understand the Biology and Clinical Significance of Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters. Front Oncol 2018; 8:63. [PMID: 29594043 PMCID: PMC5858030 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The isolation of clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from cancer patients has recently challenged the accepted view that the initiation of secondary tumors during metastasis involves the dissemination of individual cancer cells. As such clusters appear to be more aggressive than single tumor cells, CTC clusters are now considered a main player in the metastatic process, and many studies are exploring their diagnostic, prognostic, and clinical significance. However, several technical challenges limit advances in this area. Here, we suggest the use of established cancer cell lines that grow as cell clusters in suspension as a complementary approach that can help in understanding the biology of CTC clusters and their clinical significance. We argue that the many similarities between these "surrogate" clusters and the CTC clusters isolated from patients (e.g., in terms of size, morphology, heterogeneous expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers, and type of cell-cell junctions) make these cell lines ideal systems for the development of strategies aimed at preventing or slowing down the metastatic process by targeting CTC clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N May
- Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Bryan D Crawford
- Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Aurora M Nedelcu
- Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Giuliano M, Shaikh A, Lo HC, Arpino G, De Placido S, Zhang XH, Cristofanilli M, Schiff R, Trivedi MV. Perspective on Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters: Why It Takes a Village to Metastasize. Cancer Res 2018; 78:845-852. [PMID: 29437766 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters may represent one of the key mechanisms initiating the metastasis process. However, the series of pathophysiologic events by which CTC clusters originate, enter the circulation, and reach the distant sites remain to be identified. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that provide survival advantage for CTC clusters during the transit in the blood stream are also still largely unknown. Understanding the biology of CTC clusters is critical to assess this unified scheme employed by cancer and to device strategies to overcome key pathways responsible for their improved metastatic potential. CTC clusters remain an underdeveloped area of research begging the attention of multidisciplinary cancer research teams. Here, we provide insight on existing preclinical evidence on the potential mechanisms leading to CTC cluster formation and dissemination and on processes that may offer survival advantage. We also offer our perspective on future directions to delineate the role of CTC clusters in metastatic cascade and discuss their clinical significance. Cancer Res; 78(4); 845-52. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Anum Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas
| | - Hin Ching Lo
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Xiang H Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Rachel Schiff
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meghana V Trivedi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Riethdorf S, O'Flaherty L, Hille C, Pantel K. Clinical applications of the CellSearch platform in cancer patients. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 125:102-121. [PMID: 29355669 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The CellSearch® system (CS) enables standardized enrichment and enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that are repeatedly assessable via non-invasive "liquid biopsy". While the association of CTCs with poor clinical outcome for cancer patients has clearly been demonstrated in numerous clinical studies, utilizing CTCs for the identification of therapeutic targets, stratification of patients for targeted therapies and uncovering mechanisms of resistance is still under investigation. Here, we comprehensively review the current benefits and drawbacks of clinical CTC analyses for patients with metastatic and non-metastatic tumors. Furthermore, the review focuses on approaches beyond CTC enumeration that aim to uncover therapeutically relevant antigens, genomic aberrations, transcriptional profiles and epigenetic alterations of CTCs at a single cell level. This characterization of CTCs may shed light on the heterogeneity and genomic landscapes of malignant tumors, an understanding of which is highly important for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
117
|
Yeh PY, Chen YR, Wang CF, Chang YC. Promoting Multivalent Antibody–Antigen Interactions by Tethering Antibody Molecules on a PEGylated Dendrimer-Supported Lipid Bilayer. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:426-437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ying Yeh
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec 2, Academic Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yih-Ruey Chen
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec 2, Academic Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fang Wang
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec 2, Academic Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Chang
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec 2, Academic Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Hashimoto M, Tanaka F, Yoneda K, Takuwa T, Matsumoto S, Okumura Y, Kondo N, Tsujimura T, Nakano T, Hasegawa S. Positive correlation between postoperative tumor recurrence and changes in circulating tumor cell counts in pulmonary venous blood (pvCTC) during surgical manipulation in non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:298-306. [PMID: 29600060 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.12.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), circulating tumor cells (CTC) are shed and circulate to the peripheral blood through the pulmonary vein. Previously, CTC count in pulmonary venous blood (pvCTC) was shown to significantly increase after surgical manipulation. Therefore, we assessed the correlation between the changes in the pvCTC count (ΔpvCTC) and clinical outcomes. Methods Consecutive patients with peripheral-type, NSCLC, who underwent lobectomy or bi-lobectomy through open thoracotomy, were enrolled prospectively. Before and after lobectomy, 2.5 mL of blood was drawn from the associated lobar pulmonary vein (PV), and was served for the quantitative evaluation of CTC using the CellSearch® system. The cut-off point of ΔpvCTC was determined according to clinical outcomes and ΔpvCTC using receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve. Then the correlation between ΔpvCTC and clinical outcomes was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank test. In addition, the correlation between ΔpvCTC and perioperative variables was assessed. Results A total of 30 patients were enrolled, tumor recurrence occurred in 11 patients over a median follow-up of 64.4 months. Of these, 7 patients had distant metastasis and 4 had local recurrence. The median ΔpvCTC was 49 cells/2.5 mL, and pvCTC-count was increased during surgical manipulation in 24 patients (80%). We divided patients into two groups based on ΔpvCTC with the cut-off value as 119 cells/2.5 mL according to ROC curve. Significant shorter time to distant metastasis (TDM) (P=0.0123) was observed in high ΔpvCTC group (ΔpvCTC ≥119 cells/2.5 mL) than low ΔpvCTC group (ΔpvCTC <119 cells/ 2.5mL). Neither disease-free survival (DFS) nor overall survival (OS) was significantly correlated with ΔpvCTC. Conclusions Increasing pvCTC count during surgical manipulation was significantly correlated with postoperative distant metastasis in completely resected NSCLC patients. Significant shorter TDM was observed in patient with high ΔpvCTC group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Hashimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Tanaka
- Second Department of Surgery (Chest Surgery), University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazue Yoneda
- Second Department of Surgery (Chest Surgery), University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Takuwa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Seiji Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyuki Kondo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tohru Tsujimura
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Center for Respiratory Medicine, Otemae Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seiki Hasegawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Circulating Tumor Cells Were Associated with the Number of T Lymphocyte Subsets and NK Cells in Peripheral Blood in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:5727815. [PMID: 29434410 PMCID: PMC5757144 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5727815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aim to investigate the correlation between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in peripheral blood in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The peripheral blood CTCs were determined by SET-iFISH. Flow cytometry was used to determine the distribution of T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells. Forty-one (49%) patients showed positivity for CTCs. Logistic regression analysis revealed CTC number was negatively correlated with the ratio of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and NK % in patients at stage IV, while in a positive correlation was noticed between CTC number and regulatory T cell (Tregs) ratio in these patients. Multivariate analysis was performed in combination with the clinical-pathological materials to identify the risk factors for CTC positivity. Differentiation, NSCLC stage, percentages of CD3+CD4+ cells, Tregs, and NK cells were the independent risk factors for CTCs. CTCs were associated with the decrease of immune surveillance in the peripheral blood in NSCLC patients. The decrease of immune surveillance contributed to the escape of CTCs from the killing effects of the immunocytes, as well as the formation of metastasized lesions in the target organs.
Collapse
|
120
|
Zhang Y, Luo S, Situ B, Chai Z, Li B, Liu J, Zheng L. A novel electrochemical cytosensor for selective and highly sensitive detection of cancer cells using binding-induced dual catalytic hairpin assembly. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 102:568-573. [PMID: 29241060 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rare cancer cells in body fluid could be useful biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis of cancer. However, detection of these rare cells is currently challenging. In this work, a binding-induced dual catalytic hairpin assembly (DCHA) electrochemical cytosensor was developed for highly selective and sensitive detection of cancer cells. The fuel probe, released by hybridization between the capture probe and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) products of target cell-responsive reaction, initiated dual CHA recycling, leading to multiple CHA products. Furthermore, the hybridization between fuel probe and capture probe decreased non-specific CHA products, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection sensitivity. Under the optimal conditions, the developed cytosensor was able to detect cells down to 30 cells mL-1 (S/N = 3) with a linear range from 50 to 100,000 cells mL-1 and was capable of distinguishing target cells from normal cells in clinical blood samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bo Situ
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhixin Chai
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jumei Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Mamdani H, Ahmed S, Armstrong S, Mok T, Jalal SI. Blood-based tumor biomarkers in lung cancer for detection and treatment. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:648-660. [PMID: 29218268 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.09.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic landscape of lung cancer has expanded significantly over the past decade. Advancements in molecularly targeted therapies, strategies to discover and treat resistance mutations, and development of personalized cancer treatments in the context of tumor heterogeneity and dynamic tumor biology have made it imperative to obtain tumor samples on several different occasions through the course of patient treatment. While this approach is critical to the delivery of optimal cancer treatment, it is fraught with a number of barriers including the need for invasive procedures with associated complications, access to limited amount of tissue, logistical delays in obtaining the biopsy, high healthcare cost, and in many cases inability to obtain tissue because of technically difficult location of the tumor. Given multiple limitations of obtaining tissue samples, the use of blood-based biomarkers ("liquid biopsies") may enable earlier diagnosis of cancer, lower costs by avoiding complex invasive procedures, tailoring molecular targeted treatments, improving patient convenience, and ultimately supplement clinical oncologic decision-making. In this paper, we review various blood-based biomarkers including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), tumor derived exosomes, tumor educated platelets (TEPs), and microRNA; and highlight current evidence for their use in detection and treatment of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirva Mamdani
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shahid Ahmed
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Samantha Armstrong
- Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tony Mok
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shadia I Jalal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Wang L, Dumenil C, Julié C, Giraud V, Dumoulin J, Labrune S, Chinet T, Emile JF, He B, Giroux Leprieur E. Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer: moving beyond enumeration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109818-109835. [PMID: 29312651 PMCID: PMC5752564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular characterization of tumor cells is a key step in the diagnosis and optimal treatment of lung cancer. However, analysis of tumor samples, often corresponding to small biopsies, can be difficult and does not accurately reflect tumor heterogeneity. Recent studies have shown that isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is feasible in non-small cell lung cancer patients, even at early disease stages. The amount of CTCs corresponds to the metastatic potential of the tumor and to patient prognosis. Moreover, molecular analyses, even at the single-cell level, can be performed on CTCs. This review describes the technologies currently available for detecting and capturing CTCs, the potential for downstream molecular diagnostics, and the clinical applications of CTCs isolated from lung cancer patients as screening, prognostic, and predictive tools. Main limitations of CTCs are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Coraline Dumenil
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Catherine Julié
- Department of Pathology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,EA 4340 "Biomarqueurs en Cancérologie et Onco-Hématologie" UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Violaine Giraud
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jennifer Dumoulin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Sylvie Labrune
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Thierry Chinet
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,EA 4340 "Biomarqueurs en Cancérologie et Onco-Hématologie" UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-François Emile
- Department of Pathology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,EA 4340 "Biomarqueurs en Cancérologie et Onco-Hématologie" UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Biao He
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Etienne Giroux Leprieur
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, APHP - Ambroise Pare Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,EA 4340 "Biomarqueurs en Cancérologie et Onco-Hématologie" UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Progress and challenges of sequencing and analyzing circulating tumor cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:405-415. [PMID: 29168077 PMCID: PMC6132989 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) slough off primary tumor tissues and are swept away by the circulatory system. These CTCs can remain in circulation or colonize new sites, forming metastatic clones in distant organs. Recently, CTC analyses have been successfully used as effective clinical tools to monitor tumor progression and prognosis. With advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-cell sequencing (SCS) technologies, scientists can obtain the complete genome of a CTC and compare it with corresponding primary and metastatic tumors. CTC sequencing has been successfully applied to monitor genomic variations in metastatic and recurrent tumors, infer tumor evolution during treatment, and examine gene expression as well as the mechanism of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, compared with cancer biopsy sequencing and circulating tumor DNA sequencing, the sequencing of CTC genomes and transcriptomes is more complex and technically difficult. Challenges include enriching pure tumor cells from a background of white blood cells, isolating and collecting cells without damaging or losing DNA and RNA, obtaining unbiased and even whole-genome and transcriptome amplification material, and accurately analyzing CTC sequencing data. Here, we review and summarize recent studies using NGS on CTCs. We mainly focus on CTC genome and transcriptome sequencing and the biological and potential clinical applications of these methodologies. Finally, we discuss challenges and future perspectives of CTC sequencing.
Collapse
|
124
|
Spiliotaki M, Mavroudis D, Kokotsaki M, Vetsika EK, Stoupis I, Matikas A, Kallergi G, Georgoulias V, Agelaki S. Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in circulating tumor cells of patients with breast cancer is associated with patient outcomes. Mol Oncol 2017; 12:21-32. [PMID: 28766847 PMCID: PMC5748482 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with breast cancer, markers of aggressiveness such as dysregulation of the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) system and E-cadherin loss are commonly observed. Reduced IGF1R expression is correlated with decreased E-cadherin levels and increased cell motility. We assessed IGF1R and E-cadherin expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with breast cancer. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of early (n = 87)- and metastatic (n = 126)-stage breast cancer patients (obtained prior to adjuvant and first-line chemotherapy) were evaluated using double immunofluorescence (IF) staining for cytokeratin (CK) and IGF1R. Triple IF using CK, IGF1R, and E-cadherin antibodies was performed in selected CTC(+) patients. IGF1R(+) CTCs were more frequently observed in early disease than in metastatic disease (86% vs 68% of CTCs, P = 0.04) stage, whereas IGF1R(-) CTCs were more common in metastatic than in early disease (32% vs 14% of CTCs, P = 0.002). 100% of CTC(+) patients with early disease, compared to 79% of those with metastatic disease, harbored IGF1R(+) CTCs (P = 0.007). Patients with early disease and exclusively IGF1R(+) CTCs had longer disease-free (P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.001) compared to patients with both IGF1R(+) and IGF1R(-) CTC populations. 67% of early-stage CTC(+) patients evaluated had exclusively IGF1R(+)/E-cadherin(+) CTCs, 33% also had IGF1R(-)/E-cadherin(-) CTCs, and none had exclusively IGF1R(-)/E-cadherin(-) CTCs compared to 17%, 75%, and 8% of metastatic patients, respectively (P = 0.027). Similarly, in paired samples of patients with early disease that progressed to metastatic disease, the proportion of IGF1R(+)/E-cadherin(+) CTCs was reduced and IGF1R(-)/E-cadherin(-) CTCs were increased in the metastatic stage compared to early disease stage. IGF1R(+) CTCs are commonly detected in breast cancer, and their frequency decreases in the metastatic disease stage. IGF1R(+)/E-cadherin(+) CTCs also decrease in metastatic patients. IGF1R(+) CTCs are associated with favorable outcomes in early disease stage, suggesting that IGF1R expression is correlated with reduced metastatic potential in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Spiliotaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitris Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Kokotsaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stoupis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alexios Matikas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| | - Galatea Kallergi
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Zhou H, Wang F, Chen H, Tan Q, Qiu S, Chen S, Jing W, Yu M, Liang C, Ye S, Tu J. Increased expression of long-noncoding RNA ZFAS1 is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2023-2038. [PMID: 27654478 PMCID: PMC5076450 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs play critical roles in gastric cancer (GC). In this study, the expression of fourteen cancer related lncRNAs were investigated in paired tissues of 66 patients with GC, Realtime RT-PCR revealed that ZFAS1 was significantly upregulated. We then examined the expression of ZFAS1 in plasmas derived from 77 GC patients before- and post-operations and 60 healthy individuals, and found that circulating ZFAS1 was also upregulated in GC patients and operation can reduce its presence in plasma. To investigate the potential mechanisms, we compared the expression of ZFAS1 in multiple gastric cell lines and one normal cell line and found that ZFAS1 was up-regulated in GC cell lines. Furthermore, circulating tumor cells (CTC) were simulated by mixing GC cells with peripheral blood. After EpCAM antibody-based cell sorting, we found that the expression of ZFAS1 was positively correlated with EMT property of CTCs. In GC patient tissue samples, we found that Twist was positively correlated with ZFAS1 by immunohistochemical staining. Taken together, our results suggested that ZFAS1 was up-regulated in both tissues and plasmas of GC patients, and may be involved in regulation of EMT in GC progression. Thus, ZFAS1 might serve as a potential diagnostic marker and/or therapeutic target for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shili Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mingxia Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chunzi Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Jiancheng Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Abstract
Background The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) endows epithelial-looking cells with enhanced migratory ability during embryonic development and tissue repair. EMT can also be co-opted by cancer cells to acquire metastatic potential and drug-resistance. Recent research has argued that epithelial (E) cells can undergo either a partial EMT to attain a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype that typically displays collective migration, or a complete EMT to adopt a mesenchymal (M) phenotype that shows individual migration. The core EMT regulatory network - miR-34/SNAIL/miR-200/ZEB1 - has been identified by various studies, but how this network regulates the transitions among the E, E/M, and M phenotypes remains controversial. Two major mathematical models - ternary chimera switch (TCS) and cascading bistable switches (CBS) - that both focus on the miR-34/SNAIL/miR-200/ZEB1 network, have been proposed to elucidate the EMT dynamics, but a detailed analysis of how well either or both of these two models can capture recent experimental observations about EMT dynamics remains to be done. Results Here, via an integrated experimental and theoretical approach, we first show that both these two models can be used to understand the two-step transition of EMT - E→E/M→M, the different responses of SNAIL and ZEB1 to exogenous TGF-β and the irreversibility of complete EMT. Next, we present new experimental results that tend to discriminate between these two models. We show that ZEB1 is present at intermediate levels in the hybrid E/M H1975 cells, and that in HMLE cells, overexpression of SNAIL is not sufficient to initiate EMT in the absence of ZEB1 and FOXC2. Conclusions These experimental results argue in favor of the TCS model proposing that miR-200/ZEB1 behaves as a three-way decision-making switch enabling transitions among the E, hybrid E/M and M phenotypes.
Collapse
|
127
|
Tan X, Dai L, Wang Y, Liang G, Yang N, Chen M. Responses to crizotinib and disease monitoring with circulating tumor cells in lung adenocarcinoma patient with MET exon 14 skipping mutation: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8744. [PMID: 29381967 PMCID: PMC5708966 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping mutation was a targetable alteration in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the MET inhibitor of crizotinib had the most efficacy among all the targeted drugs. Most of the cancer-related deaths are associated with metastasis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been a valuable biomarker in assessing metastasis. Recent experiences suggested that CTCs detection may help improve diagnosis and predict prognosis for patients with NSCLC. However, few literatures have reported the CTCs detection based on the (MET) exon 14 skipping, which are positive in NSCLC patients. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient, a 69-year-old Chinese male, with a 50 years history of smoking. Because of the cough, the patient went to the hospital and found the upper right lung tumor and the right supraclavicular lymph node enlarged. He was worried that it was cancer. DIAGNOSES The patient was performed biopsy of the right clavicle lymph node metastasis on October 12 and sent the tissue specimen for pathological evaluation. Finally, the patient was diagnosed to be with a pT3N3Mx stage IIIC lung adenocarcinoma. INTERVENTIONS The patient began to take orally crizotinib 250 mg twice a day for the medical therapy after lymph node biopsy. At the same time, the CTCs were detected to observe the prognosis of the patients. OUTCOMES Compared with the first CTCs result, the second test revealed a decrease in the amount of CTCs, while the mesenchymal CTCs have increased, indicating the possibility of distal metastasis. LESSONS This is the first proof that CTCs can be quantitatively assayed by MET exon 14 skipping mutation, which demonstrates the clinical response to crizotinib. More cases should be reported and further evaluation for treatment options and prognosis evaluation is necessary.
Collapse
|
128
|
Sun YF, Guo W, Xu Y, Shi YH, Gong ZJ, Ji Y, Du M, Zhang X, Hu B, Huang A, Chen GG, Lai PBS, Cao Y, Qiu SJ, Zhou J, Yang XR, Fan J. Circulating Tumor Cells from Different Vascular Sites Exhibit Spatial Heterogeneity in Epithelial and Mesenchymal Composition and Distinct Clinical Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:547-559. [PMID: 29070526 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The spatial heterogeneity of phenotypic and molecular characteristics of CTCs within the circulatory system remains unclear. Herein, we mapped the distribution and characterized biological features of CTCs along the transportation route in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Experimental Design: In 73 localized HCC patients, blood was drawn from peripheral vein (PV), peripheral artery (PA), hepatic veins (HV), infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IHIVC), and portal vein (PoV) before tumor resection. Epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in CTCs were analyzed by a 4-channel immunofluorescence CellSearch assay and microfluidic quantitative RT-PCR. The clinical significance of CTCs from different vascular sites was evaluated.Results: The CTC number and size gradient between tumor efferent vessels and postpulmonary peripheral vessels was marked. Tracking the fate of CTC clusters revealed that CTCs displayed an aggregated-singular-aggregated manner of spreading. Single-cell characterization demonstrated that EMT status of CTCs was heterogeneous across different vascular compartments. CTCs were predominantly epithelial at release, but switched to EMT-activated phenotype during hematogeneous transit via Smad2 and β-catenin related signaling pathways. EMT activation in primary tumor correlated with total CTC number at HV, rather than epithelial or EMT-activated subsets of CTCs. Follow-up analysis suggested that CTC and circulating tumor microemboli burden in hepatic veins and peripheral circulation prognosticated postoperative lung metastasis and intrahepatic recurrence, respectively.Conclusions: The current data suggested that a profound spatial heterogeneity in cellular distribution and biological features existed among CTCs during circulation. Multivascular measurement of CTCs could help to reveal novel mechanisms of metastasis and facilitate prediction of postoperative relapse or metastasis pattern in HCC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 547-59. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Jun Gong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ao Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul B S Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
LINE-1 couples EMT programming with acquisition of oncogenic phenotypes in human bronchial epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103828-103842. [PMID: 29262603 PMCID: PMC5732769 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several lines of evidence have established the central role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) in malignant progression of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), the molecular events connecting EMT to malignancy remain poorly understood. This study presents evidence that Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon couples EMT programming with malignancy in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). This conclusion is supported by studies showing that: 1) activation of EMT programming by TGF-β1 increases LINE-1 mRNAs and protein; 2) the lung carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene coregulates TGF-β1 and LINE-1 mRNAs, with LINE-1 positioned downstream of TGF-β1 signaling; and, 3) forced expression of LINE-1 in BEAS-2B cells recapitulates EMT programming and induces malignant phenotypes and tumorigenesis in vivo. These findings identify a TGFβ1-LINE-1 axis as a critical effector pathway that can be targeted for the development of precision therapies during malignant progression of intractable NSCLCs.
Collapse
|
130
|
Boareto M, Jolly MK, Goldman A, Pietilä M, Mani SA, Sengupta S, Ben-Jacob E, Levine H, Onuchic JN. Notch-Jagged signalling can give rise to clusters of cells exhibiting a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. J R Soc Interface 2017; 13:rsif.2015.1106. [PMID: 27170649 PMCID: PMC4892257 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis can involve repeated cycles of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. Cells can also undergo partial transitions to attain a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype that allows the migration of adhering cells to form a cluster of circulating tumour cells. These clusters can be apoptosis-resistant and possess an increased metastatic propensity as compared to the cells that undergo a complete EMT (mesenchymal cells). Hence, identifying the key players that can regulate the formation and maintenance of such clusters may inform anti-metastasis strategies. Here, we devise a mechanism-based theoretical model that links cell–cell communication via Notch-Delta-Jagged signalling with the regulation of EMT. We demonstrate that while both Notch-Delta and Notch-Jagged signalling can induce EMT in a population of cells, only Jagged-dominated Notch signalling, but not Delta-dominated signalling, can lead to the formation of clusters containing hybrid E/M cells. Our results offer possible mechanistic insights into the role of Jagged in tumour progression, and offer a framework to investigate the effects of other microenvironmental signals during metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Boareto
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508, Brazil
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mika Pietilä
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA Metastasis Research Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77025, USA
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eshel Ben-Jacob
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA School of Physics and Astronomy and The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
| | - Jose' N Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
He D, Huang C, Zhou Q, Liu D, Xiong L, Xiang H, Ma G, Zhang Z. HnRNPK/miR-223/FBXW7 feedback cascade promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth and invasion. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20165-20178. [PMID: 28423622 PMCID: PMC5386752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have identified miR-223 critically involved in various types of cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its action and regulatory mechanisms in PDAC remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the expression levels of miR-223 were increased in clinical samples with PDAC (81.6%). The upregulation of miR-223 increases the proliferation, migration, and invasive abilities of PDAC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-223 directly targeted FBXW7 and overexpression of FBXW7 reverted miR-223- induced drastic proliferation in PDAC cells. Interestingly, miR-223 promoter was found to form a coprecipitable complex with hnRNPK, and siRNA knockdown of hnRNPK in PDAC cells reduced the levels of miR-223. These results show that hnRNPK is a cellular protein that binds and affects the accumulation of miR-223 in PDAC. Furthermore, FBXW7 interacts with hnRNPK and promotes its degradation, which requires phosphorylation of hnRNPK at threonine 1695 by GSK3. Consistently, we observed an inverse expression pattern between FBXW7 and miR-223, whereas a positive expression pattern between miR-223 and hnRNPK was found in human PDAC tissues. These data unveiled an important new miR-223/FBXW7/HnRNPK feedback cascade in human PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D He
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China.,Guangdong Medical University Graduate School, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Qingxin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China.,Guangdong Medical University Graduate School, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
| | - Longhui Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China
| | - Hongxia Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China
| | - Guangnian Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518101, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Robert-Wood-Johnson Medical School University Hospital, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Anderson KJ, de Guillebon A, Hughes AD, Wang W, King MR. Effect of circulating tumor cell aggregate configuration on hemodynamic transport and wall contact. Math Biosci 2017; 294:181-194. [PMID: 29024748 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selectin-mediated adhesion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to the endothelium is a critical step in cancer metastasis, a major factor contributing to the mortality of cancer. The formation of tethers between tumor cells and endothelial selectins initiates cell rolling, which can lead to firm adhesion, extravasation and the formation of secondary metastases. Tumor cells travel through the bloodstream as single cells, or as aggregates known as circulating tumor microemboli (CTM). CTM have increased survivability and metastatic potential relative to CTCs, and the presence of CTM is associated with worse patient prognosis. The motion of cells and cellular aggregates in flow is a function of their size and shape, and these differences influence the frequency and strength of their contact with the endothelium. In this study, a computational model consisting of the hydrodynamic component of the Multiparticle Adhesive Dynamics simulation analyzed the effects of model aggregate conformation and orientation on adhesive binding potential. Model aggregates of the Colo205 colorectal cancer cell line were created, consisting of two, three, and four cells in simple geometrical conformations. Contact time, contact area, and time integral of contact area were measured as a function of fluid shear rate, initial centroid height, and initial orientation for model aggregates that experienced hydrodynamic collisions with the plane wall. It was found that larger CTM conformations with intermediate nonsphericities had the highest adhesion potential. The results of this study shed light on the correlation between environmental conditions and extravasation efficiency, which could inform the development of new anti-metastatic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Anderson
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351631, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Adelaide de Guillebon
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Andrew D Hughes
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael R King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351631, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Duréndez-Sáez E, Azkárate A, Meri M, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Aguilar-Gallardo C, Blasco A, Jantus-Lewintre E, Camps C. New insights in non-small-cell lung cancer: circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S1332-S1345. [PMID: 29184672 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.06.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most frequent tumor and the leading cause of death by cancer in both men and women. Increasing knowledge about the cancer genome and tumor environment has led to a new setting in which morphological and molecular characterization is needed to treat patients in the most personalized way in order to achieve better outcomes. Since tumor products can be detected in body fluids, the liquid biopsy, particularly, peripheral blood, has emerged as a new source for lung cancer biomarker's analysis. A variety of tumor components can be used for this purpose. Among them, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) should be especially considered. Different detection methods for both CTCs and ctDNA have been and are being developed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of these tests. This would lead to better characterization and would solve some clinical doubts at different disease evolution times, e.g., intratumoral or temporal heterogeneity, difficulty in the obtaining a tumor sample, etc., and would also avoid the side effects of very expensive and complicated tumor obtaining interventions. CTCs and ctDNA are useful in different lung cancer settings. Their value has been shown for the early diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of treatment efficacy, monitoring responses and early detection of lung cancer relapse. CTCs have still not been validated for use in clinical settings in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while ctDNA has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medical Association (EMA), and the main clinical guidelines used for detect different epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and the monitoring and treatment choice of mutated patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This review, describes how ctDNA seem to be winning the race against CTCs from the laboratory bench to clinical practice due to easier obtaining methods, manipulation and its implementation into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Duréndez-Sáez
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aitor Azkárate
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marina Meri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana Blasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Camps
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Sawabata N. Circulating tumor cells in lung cancer: cluster circulating tumor cells as hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition (E/M). J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:3547-3550. [PMID: 29268338 PMCID: PMC5723813 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Sawabata
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nara Medical University, School of Medicine, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Galletti G, Worroll D, Nanus DM, Giannakakou P. Using circulating tumor cells to advance precision medicine in prostate cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2017; 3:190-205. [PMID: 29707651 PMCID: PMC5913755 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2017.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The field of CTC enrichment has seen many emerging technologies in recent years, which have resulted in the identification and monitoring of clinically relevant, CTC-based biomarkers that can be analyzed routinely without invasive procedures. Several molecular platforms have been used to investigate the molecular profile of the disease, from high throughput gene expression analyses down to single cell biological dissection. The established presence of CTC heterogeneity nevertheless constitutes a challenge for cell isolation as the several subpopulations can potentially display different molecular characteristics; in this scenario, careful consideration must be given to the isolation approach, whereas methods that discriminate against certain subpopulations may result in the exclusion of CTCs that carry biological relevance. In the context of prostate cancer (PC), CTC molecular interrogation can enable longitudinal monitoring of key biological features during treatment with substantial clinical impact, as several biomarkers could predict tumor response to AR signaling inhibitors (abiraterone, enzalutamide) or standard chemotherapy (taxanes). Thus, CTCs represent a valuable opportunity to personalize medicine in current clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Galletti
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Worroll
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David M Nanus
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Paraskevi Giannakakou
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Powan P, Luanpitpong S, He X, Rojanasakul Y, Chanvorachote P. Detachment-induced E-cadherin expression promotes 3D tumor spheroid formation but inhibits tumor formation and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C556-C566. [PMID: 28931539 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00096.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is proposed to be a key mechanism responsible for metastasis-related deaths. Similarly, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to be a key driver of tumor metastasis. However, the link between the two events and their control mechanisms is unclear. We used a three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid assay and other CSC-indicating assays to investigate the role of E-cadherin in CSC regulation and its association to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer cells. Ectopic overexpression and knockdown of E-cadherin were found to promote and retard, respectively, the formation of tumor spheroids in vitro but had opposite effects on tumor formation and metastasis in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. We explored the discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo results and demonstrated, for the first time, that E-cadherin is required as a component of a major survival pathway under detachment conditions. Downregulation of E-cadherin increased the stemness of lung cancer cells but had an adverse effect on their survival, particularly on non-CSCs. Such downregulation also promoted anoikis resistance and invasiveness of lung cancer cells. These results suggest that anoikis assay could be used as an alternative method for in vitro assessment of CSCs that involves dysregulated adhesion proteins. Our data also suggest that agents that restore E-cadherin expression may be used as therapeutic agents for metastatic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phattrakorn Powan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Cell-Based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and.,Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; .,Cell-Based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Strilic B, Offermanns S. Intravascular Survival and Extravasation of Tumor Cells. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:282-293. [PMID: 28898694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Most metastasizing tumor cells reach distant sites by entering the circulatory system. Within the bloodstream, they are exposed to severe stress due to loss of adhesion to extracellular matrix, hemodynamic shear forces, and attacks of the immune system, and only a few cells manage to extravasate and to form metastases. We review the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that allow tumor cells to survive in the intravascular environment and that mediate and promote tumor cell extravasation. As these processes are critical for the metastatic spread of tumor cells, we discuss implications for potential therapeutic approaches and future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Strilic
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Pharmacology, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Pharmacology, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; J.W. Goethe University Frankfurt, Center for Molecular Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Wang X, Ma K, Yang Z, Cui J, He H, Hoffman AR, Hu JF, Li W. Systematic Correlation Analyses of Circulating Tumor Cells with Clinical Variables and Tumor Markers in Lung Cancer Patients. J Cancer 2017; 8:3099-3104. [PMID: 28928901 PMCID: PMC5604461 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Measurement of circulating tumor cells (CTC) offers promise as a clinical biomarker to monitor disease status, therapeutic response, and progression in cancer patients. However, its clinical value in lung cancer patients has not been fully explored. We systematically evaluate the association of CTCs with clinical variables and tumor markers in a cohort of lung cancer patients. Using the CELLSEARCH System, CTCs were detected in both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients prior to therapy. Univariate analysis revealed that detection of CTC was related to histology, stage, tumor size, invasiveness, and lymphatic metastasis. CTCs were associated with distant metastases in NSCLC, but not in SCLC. Using multivariate analysis, we found that CTCs were independently correlated with disease stage, SCLC, and elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE). These data suggest that CTCs are more likely to be detected in patients with stage IV disease and with SCLC, and that elevated serum NSE predicts the presence of CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Kewei Ma
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguang Yang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Hua He
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Andrew R Hoffman
- Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA94304, USA
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA94304, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Zhang M, Matyunina LV, Walker LD, Chen W, Xiao H, Benigno BB, Wu R, McDonald JF. Evidence for the importance of post-transcriptional regulatory changes in ovarian cancer progression and the contribution of miRNAs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8171. [PMID: 28811560 PMCID: PMC5557889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput technologies have identified significant changes in patterns of mRNA expression over cancer development but the functional significance of these changes often rests upon the assumption that observed changes in levels of mRNA accurately reflect changes in levels of their encoded proteins. We systematically compared the expression of 4436 genes on the RNA and protein levels between discrete tumor samples collected from the ovary and from the omentum of the same OC patient. The overall correlation between global changes in levels of mRNA and their encoding proteins is low (r = 0.38). The majority of differences are on the protein level with no corresponding change on the mRNA level. Indirect and direct evidence indicates that a significant fraction of the differences may be mediated by microRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zhang
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, and Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Lilya V Matyunina
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, and Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - L DeEtte Walker
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, and Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Weixuan Chen
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Benedict B Benigno
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Ovarian Cancer Institute, 960 Johnson Ferry Road, Suite 130, Atlanta, GA, 30342, USA
| | - Ronghu Wu
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - John F McDonald
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,School of Biological Sciences, and Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. .,Ovarian Cancer Institute, 960 Johnson Ferry Road, Suite 130, Atlanta, GA, 30342, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Au SH, Edd J, Haber DA, Maheswaran S, Stott SL, Toner M. Clusters of Circulating Tumor Cells: a Biophysical and Technological Perspective. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 3:13-19. [PMID: 29226271 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of cancer associated deaths result from metastasis, yet the behaviors of its most potent cellular driver, circulating tumor cell clusters, are only beginning to be revealed. This review highlights recent advances to our understanding of tumor cell clusters with emphasis on enabling technologies. The importance of intercellular adhesions among cells in clusters have begun to be unraveled with the aid of promising microfluidic strategies for isolating clusters from patient blood. Due to their metastatic potency, the utility of circulating tumor cell clusters for cancer diagnosis, drug screening, precision oncology and as targets of antimetastatic therapeutics are being explored. The continued development of tools for exploring circulating tumor cell clusters will enhance our fundamental understanding of the metastatic process and may be instrumental in devising new strategies to suppress and eliminate metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam H Au
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK SW7 2AZ
| | - Jon Edd
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20815
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Shannon L Stott
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Mehmet Toner
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.,Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, 02114
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Mohan S, Chemi F, Brady G. Challenges and unanswered questions for the next decade of circulating tumour cell research in lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:454-472. [PMID: 28904889 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Since blood borne circulating tumour cells (CTCs) initially shed from the primary tumour can seed and initiate metastasis at distant sites a better understanding of the biology of CTCs and their dissemination could provide valuable information that could guide therapeutic intervention and real time monitoring of disease progression. Although CTC enumeration has provided a reliable prognostic readout for a number of cancers, including lung cancer, the precise clinical utility of CTCs remains to be established. The rarity of CTCs together with the vanishingly small amounts of nucleic acids present in a single cell as well as cell to cell heterogeneity has stimulated the development of a wide range of powerful cellular and molecular methodologies applied to CTCs. These technical developments are now enabling researchers to focus on understanding the biology of CTCs and their clinical utility as a predictive and pharmacodynamics markers. This review summarises recent advances in the field of CTC research with focus on technical and biological challenges as well the progress made towards clinical utility of characterisation of CTCs with emphasis on studies in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Mohan
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Francesca Chemi
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ged Brady
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Pailler E, Faugeroux V, Oulhen M, Catelain C, Farace F. Routine clinical use of circulating tumor cells for diagnosis of mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer-ready for prime-time? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:444-453. [PMID: 28904888 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.07.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), diagnosis of predictive biomarkers for targeted therapies is currently done in small tumor biopsies. However, tumor biopsies can be invasive, in some cases associated with risk, and tissue adequacy, both in terms of quantity and quality is often insufficient. The development of efficient and non-invasive methods to identify genetic alterations is a key challenge which circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have the potential to be exploited for. CTCs are extremely rare and phenotypically diverse, two characteristics that impose technical challenges and impact the success of robust molecular analysis. Here we introduce the clinical needs in this disease that mainly consist of the diagnosis of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating alterations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement. We present the proof-of-concept studies that explore the detection of these genetic alterations in CTCs from NSCLC patients. Finally, we discuss steps that are still required before CTCs are routinely used for diagnosis of EGFR-mutations and ALK-rearrangements in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pailler
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Vincent Faugeroux
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marianne Oulhen
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyril Catelain
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Françoise Farace
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Hamilton G, Rath B. Circulating tumor cell interactions with macrophages: implications for biology and treatment. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:418-430. [PMID: 28904886 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and metastasis are closely associated with inflammation. Macrophages are important effector cells in enhancing tumor proliferation, invasion and providing protection against the immune system. Despite advanced knowledge of tumor-macrophage interactions, the role of macrophages in emergence and invasion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is not known. A series of six CTC cell lines have been derived from blood of patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) in our lab, most likely representing a homogenous cell population of the actual metastasis-initiating cells (MIC) of CTCs. SCLC has an unfavorable prognosis due to rapid dissemination and early chemoresistant relapses. SCLC CTCs recruit macrophages and elicit secretion of various cytokines and the six CTC lines express chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in abundance. CHI3L1 is cytokine/growth factor expressed in inflammation and cancer and found to be correlated to metastasis and a dismal prognosis. In conclusion, SCLC CTCs have acquired the essential means for aggressiveness and invasion in a tumor microenvironment specifically shaped by macrophages and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Shackelford RE, Ansari JM, Wei EX, Alexander JS, Cotelingam J. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements in non-small-cell lung cancer: novel applications in diagnostics and treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1179-1192. [PMID: 28745554 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ALK gene, first identified as an anaplastic large cell lymphoma driver mutation, is dysregulated in nearly 20 different human malignancies, including 3-7% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). In NSCLC, ALK commonly fuses with the EML4, forming a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that drives oncogenic progression. Recently, several ALK-inhibiting drugs have been developed that are more effective than standard chemotherapeutic regimens in treating advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. For this reason, molecular diagnostic testing for dysregulated ALK expression is a necessary part of identifying optimal NSCLC treatment options. Here, we review the molecular pathology of ALK-positive NSCLC, ALK molecular diagnostic techniques, ALK-targeted NSCLC treatments, and drug resistance mechanisms to ALK-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junaid M Ansari
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Eric X Wei
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Alexander
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - James Cotelingam
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Goto T, Hirotsu Y, Amemiya K, Nakagomi T, Shikata D, Yokoyama Y, Okimoto K, Oyama T, Mochizuki H, Omata M. Distribution of circulating tumor DNA in lung cancer: analysis of the primary lung and bone marrow along with the pulmonary venous and peripheral blood. Oncotarget 2017; 8:59268-59281. [PMID: 28938635 PMCID: PMC5601731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), extracted from plasma, is a non-invasive surrogate biomarker. However, the distribution of ctDNA in the body still remains to be elucidated. In this study, resected lung tumors, with simultaneous blood and bone marrow samples, were analyzed to elucidate the distribution of ctDNA. Rib bone marrow, pulmonary venous blood (Pul.V) and peripheral blood (Peri.B) were obtained from 30 patients. The liquid samples were divided into cell pellets and supernatant by centrifugation; a total of 212 DNA samples were subjected to massively parallel sequencing. ctDNA was detected in 5 patients. Given that the frequency of mutations in the primary tumor was considered to be 100%, those in the other specimens were as follows; Pul.V plasma 20%, Peri.B plasma 11%, and the other samples 0%. Furthermore, ctDNA reflected the predominant mutations in the primary lesion. Clinically, the presence of ctDNA was associated with significantly poorer survival. These results suggest ctDNA “spill over” into an immediate outflow tract (Pul.V), and from there is disseminated to the entire body. Thus, it can be inferred that ctDNA reflects the cancer progression and could function as a prognostic marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakagomi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daichi Shikata
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yujiro Yokoyama
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Okimoto
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshio Oyama
- Department of Pathology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mochizuki
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan.,University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Gloushankova NA, Rubtsova SN, Zhitnyak IY. Cadherin-mediated cell-cell interactions in normal and cancer cells. Tissue Barriers 2017; 5:e1356900. [PMID: 28783415 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2017.1356900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are molecular complexes that mediate cell-cell adhesive interactions and play pivotal roles in maintenance of tissue organization in adult organisms and at various stages of development. AJs consist of cadherin adhesion receptors, providing homophilic ligation with cadherins on adjacent cells, and members of the catenin protein family: p120, β- and α-catenin. α-catenin's linkage with the actin cytoskeleton defines the linear or punctate organization of AJs in different cell types. Myosin II-dependent tension drives vinculin recruitment by α-catenin and stabilizes the linkage of the cadherin/catenin complex to F-actin. Neoplastic transformation leads to prominent changes in the organization, regulation and stability of AJs. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) whereby epithelial cells lose stable cell-cell adhesion, and reorganize their cytoskeleton to acquire migratory activity, plays the central role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Recent data demonstrated that a partial EMT resulting in a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype with retention of E-cadherin is essential for cancer cell dissemination. E-cadherin and E-cadherin-based AJs are required for collective invasion and migration, survival in circulation, and metastatic outgrowth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya A Gloushankova
- a Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia
| | - Svetlana N Rubtsova
- a Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia
| | - Irina Y Zhitnyak
- a Institute of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center , Moscow , Russia
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Mascalchi M, Maddau C, Sali L, Bertelli E, Salvianti F, Zuccherelli S, Matucci M, Borgheresi A, Raspanti C, Lanzetta M, Falchini M, Mazza E, Vella A, Luconi M, Pinzani P, Pazzagli M. Circulating tumor cells and microemboli can differentiate malignant and benign pulmonary lesions. J Cancer 2017; 8:2223-2230. [PMID: 28819424 PMCID: PMC5560139 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) or microemboli (CTM) in the peripheral blood can theoretically anticipate malignancy of solid lesions in a variety of organs. We aimed to preliminarily assess this capability in patients with pulmonary lesions of suspected malignant nature. We used a cell-size filtration method (ScreenCell) and cytomorphometric criteria to detect CTC/CTM in a 3 mL sample of peripheral blood that was taken just before diagnostic percutaneous CT-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) or core biopsy of the suspicious lung lesion. At least one CTC/CTM was found in 47 of 67 (70%) patients with final diagnoses of lung malignancy and in none of 8 patients with benign pulmonary nodules. In particular they were detected in 38 (69%) of 55 primary lung cancers and in 9 (75%) of 12 lung metastases from extra-pulmonary cancers. Sensitivity of CTC/CTM presence for malignancy was 70.1% (95%CI: 56.9-83.1%), specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value 28.6% (95%CI: 11.9-45.3%). Remarkably, the presence of CTC/CTM anticipated the diagnosis of primary lung cancer in 3 of 5 patients with non-diagnostic or inconclusive results of FNA or core biopsy, whereas CTC/CTM were not observed in 1 patient with sarcoidosis and 1 with amarthocondroma. These results suggest that presently, due to the low sensitivity, the search of CTC/CTM cannot replace CT guided percutaneous FNA or core biopsy in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspicious malignant lung lesions. However, the high specificity may as yet indicate a role in cases with non-diagnostic or inconclusive FNA or core biopsy results that warrants to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mascalchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Maddau
- Oncological Prevention Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Lapo Sali
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Bertelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Salvianti
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Zuccherelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marzia Matucci
- Oncological Prevention Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Raspanti
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Lanzetta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Falchini
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Units, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ernesto Mazza
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vella
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Le Scotte University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Pinzani
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Pazzagli
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Lindsay C, Faugeroux V, Michiels S, Pailler E, Facchinetti F, Ou D, Bluthgen M, Pannet C, Ngo-Camus M, Bescher G, Caramella C, Billiot F, Remon J, Planchard D, Soria JC, Besse B, Farace F. A prospective examination of circulating tumor cell profiles in non-small-cell lung cancer molecular subgroups. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
|
149
|
Ye F, Zhong X, Qiu Y, Yang L, Wei B, Zhang Z, Bu H. CD49f Can Act as a Biomarker for Local or Distant Recurrence in Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:142-149. [PMID: 28690650 PMCID: PMC5500397 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.2.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Metastasis and local recurrence are the primary causes of treatment failure and patient death in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to validate a metastasis- and local recurrenceassociated biomarker for prognostic evaluation and planning treatment strategies. Methods Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from a cohort of 312 patients (all stage II and III) were used. The prevalence of CD49f+ cells in the patients' tumors was analyzed and correlated with clinical characteristics to determine its prognostic and clinical implications. Results CD49f+ tumor cells were found in a minority of tumors, with 62.8% of the samples showing not a single cell of this subtype. In the clinical characteristics analysis, which were performed with t-tests, CD49f+ tumors were not associated with age, tumor size, World Health Organization grade, nodal status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, progesterone receptor status, or estrogen receptor status, although they were significantly associated with disease recurrence (distant metastasis or/and local recurrence). Univariate survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method showed that CD49f+ tumors were associated with markedly decreased disease-free survival (DFS); the same result was found using multivariate Cox analysis, even when only chemotherapy-treated patients were analyzed. Conclusion Our results indicated that breast tumors with CD49f+ cancer cells are associated with an increased risk for disease recurrence after initial surgery with poor clinical outcomes (decreased DFS). Therefore, as it requires testing for only one additional protein, adding CD49f testing to conventional surgical pathology is a strategy that has great potential for prognostic and treatment-guidance purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Libo Yang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Wang B, Yang L, Zhao Q, Zhu L. Vasohibin 2 as a potential predictor of aggressive behavior of triple-negative breast cancer. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:2911-2919. [PMID: 28670379 PMCID: PMC5489891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype breast cancer with aggressive behavior, advanced disease status and poor prognosis. Because of the lack of targeting agents and limited therapeutic options, treatment of TNBC remains a great clinical challenge. Vasohibin 2 (VASH2) was previously identified as an angiogenic factor, but its role in TNBC tumorigenesis is unknown. Using quantitative PCR and western blot analyses, we found that VASH2 is overexpressed in TNBC cells and tissues. Knockdown of VASH2 via siRNA inhibited the proliferation of the TNBC cell lines by delaying cell cycle progression and increasing apoptosis. Further analyses showed that the VASH2-mediated increase in the transcription of fibroblast growth factor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and vasohibin 1 may be the mechanism underlying these effects. Taken together, these data indicate that VASH2 is abnormally expressed in TNBC, indicating a novel and important role for VASH2 in TNBC malignant transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University789 East Suzhou Street, Urumqi 830011, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University789 East Suzhou Street, Urumqi 830011, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University789 East Suzhou Street, Urumqi 830011, Xin Jiang, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University789 East Suzhou Street, Urumqi 830011, Xin Jiang, China
| |
Collapse
|