101
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- fzfr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
102
|
|
103
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6523=6523-- siki] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
104
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 waitfor delay '0:0:5'] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
105
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 waitfor delay '0:0:5'-- jxwo] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
106
|
|
107
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and sleep(5)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
108
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and (select 2086 from(select count(*),concat(0x7170627671,(select (elt(2086=2086,1))),0x71766a7671,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.character_sets group by x)a)-- ppml] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
109
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6041=(select 6041 from pg_sleep(5))-- herh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
110
|
Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- vapp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
111
|
Xue Z, Li D, Yu W, Zhang Q, Hou X, He Y, Kou X. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of polyphenols as modulators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Food Funct 2017; 8:1414-1437. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01810f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenolic AhR modulators displayed concentration-, XRE-, gene-, species- and cell-specific agonistic/antagonistic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Wancong Yu
- Medical Plant Laboratory
- Tianjin Research Center of Agricultural Biotechnology
- Tianjin 3000381
- China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yulong He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiaohong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6523=6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
113
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- mvdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
114
|
Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null-- fjky] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
115
|
|
116
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 9167=7640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
117
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and (select 2086 from(select count(*),concat(0x7170627671,(select (elt(2086=2086,1))),0x71766a7671,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.character_sets group by x)a)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
118
|
|
119
|
Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null-- uwyg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
120
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 2315=dbms_pipe.receive_message(chr(100)||chr(120)||chr(98)||chr(72),5)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
121
|
Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and sleep(5)-- duzb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
122
|
Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null-- cyim] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
123
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 order by 1-- sjme] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
124
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 4117=cast((chr(113)||chr(112)||chr(98)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (4117=4117) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(106)||chr(118)||chr(113)) as numeric)-- ovcz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
125
|
Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null-- wfxj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
126
|
Antioxidant Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7943495. [PMID: 27829840 PMCID: PMC5088273 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7943495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix/PER-ARNT-SIM family. It is activated by a variety of ligands, such as environmental contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or dioxins, but also by naturally occurring compounds and endogenous ligands. Binding of the ligand leads to dimerization of the AhR with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and transcriptional activation of several xenobiotic phase I and phase II metabolizing enzymes. It is generally accepted that the toxic responses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, and structurally related compounds are mediated by activation of the AhR. A multitude of studies indicate that the AhR operates beyond xenobiotic metabolism and exerts pleiotropic functions. Increasing evidence points to a protective role of the AhR against carcinogenesis and oxidative stress. Herein, I will highlight data demonstrating a causal role of the AhR in the antioxidant response and present novel findings on potential AhR-mediated antioxidative mechanisms.
Collapse
|
127
|
Dietz BM, Hajirahimkhan A, Dunlap TL, Bolton JL. Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:1026-1073. [PMID: 27677719 PMCID: PMC5050441 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women's Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women's health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M Dietz
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atieh Hajirahimkhan
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tareisha L Dunlap
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Judy L Bolton
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Aarts JMMJG, Alink GM, Scherjon F, MacDonald K, Smith AC, Nijveen H, Roebroeks W. Fire Usage and Ancient Hominin Detoxification Genes: Protective Ancestral Variants Dominate While Additional Derived Risk Variants Appear in Modern Humans. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161102. [PMID: 27655273 PMCID: PMC5031311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the defence capacity of ancient hominins against toxic substances may contribute importantly to the reconstruction of their niche, including their diets and use of fire. Fire usage implies frequent exposure to hazardous compounds from smoke and heated food, known to affect general health and fertility, probably resulting in genetic selection for improved detoxification. To investigate whether such genetic selection occurred, we investigated the alleles in Neanderthals, Denisovans and modern humans at gene polymorphisms well-known to be relevant from modern human epidemiological studies of habitual tobacco smoke exposure and mechanistic evidence. We compared these with the alleles in chimpanzees and gorillas. Neanderthal and Denisovan hominins predominantly possess gene variants conferring increased resistance to these toxic compounds. Surprisingly, we observed the same in chimpanzees and gorillas, implying that less efficient variants are derived and mainly evolved in modern humans. Less efficient variants are observable from the first early Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers onwards. While not clarifying the deep history of fire use, our results highlight the long-term stability of the genes under consideration despite major changes in the hominin dietary niche. Specifically for detoxification gene variants characterised as deleterious by epidemiological studies, our results confirm the predominantly recent appearance reported for deleterious human gene variants, suggesting substantial impact of recent human population history, including pre-Holocene expansions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jac M. M. J. G. Aarts
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Gerrit M. Alink
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fulco Scherjon
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alison C. Smith
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Nijveen
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wil Roebroeks
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Shi J, Xie C, Liu H, Krausz KW, Bewley CA, Zhang S, Tang L, Zhou Z, Gonzalez FJ. Metabolism and Bioactivation of Fluorochloridone, a Novel Selective Herbicide, in Vivo and in Vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9652-60. [PMID: 27443216 PMCID: PMC6169518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorochloridone (FLC) is a herbicide used worldwide that is thought to be safe. However, due to its potential genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and even systematic toxicity, there are increasing concerns about human exposure to this compound. Thus, the metabolism and bioactivation of FLC was investigated. After oral administration to mice, 27 metabolites were identified by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry and with further structural identification by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Hydroxylation and oxidative dechlorination were the major phase I pathways, while glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcysteine conjugations were two major phase II pathways, indicating the formation of a reactive intermediate. In vitro microsomal and cytosolic studies revealed that a GSH conjugate (M13) was the predominant metabolite of FLC formed through a nucleophilic SN2 substitution of 3-Cl by GSH; this pathway is NADPH independent and accelerated by glutathione S-transferase (GST). Further, a kinetic study showed that M13 formation in both human liver microsomes and cytosols obeyed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The maximum clearance (Vmax/Km) of GSH conjugation in human liver microsomes was approximately 5.5-fold higher than human liver cytosol, thus implying that microsomal GST was mainly responsible for M13 formation. These findings are important for understanding the potential hazard of human exposure to FLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Shi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department/Center for Drug Safety Evaluation, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kristopher W. Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Carole A. Bewley
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Suhui Zhang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department/Center for Drug Safety Evaluation, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Liming Tang
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department/Center for Drug Safety Evaluation, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, PR China
- Corresponding Authors: (F.J.G.)., (L.T.)
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
- Corresponding Authors: (F.J.G.)., (L.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Melatonin in Retinal Physiology and Pathology: The Case of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6819736. [PMID: 27688828 PMCID: PMC5027321 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6819736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, an indoleamine, is synthesized mainly in the pineal gland in a circadian fashion, but it is produced in many other organs, including the retina, which seems to be especially important as the eye is a primary recipient of circadian signals. Melatonin displays strong antioxidative properties, which predispose it to play a protective role in many human pathologies associated with oxidative stress, including premature aging and degenerative disease. Therefore, melatonin may play a role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a disease affecting photoreceptors, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with an established role of oxidative stress in its pathogenesis. Several studies have shown that melatonin could exert the protective effect against damage to RPE cells evoked by reactive oxygen species (ROS), but it has also been reported to increase ROS-induced damage to photoreceptors and RPE. Melatonin behaves like synthetic mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, which concentrate in mitochondria at relatively high levels; thus, melatonin may prevent mitochondrial damage in AMD. The retina contains telomerase, an enzyme implicated in maintaining the length of telomeres, and oxidative stress inhibits telomere synthesis, while melatonin overcomes this effect. These features support considering melatonin as a preventive and therapeutic agent in the treatment of AMD.
Collapse
|
131
|
Qin S, Hou DX. Multiple regulations of Keap1/Nrf2 system by dietary phytochemicals. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1731-55. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201501017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Qin
- Core Research Program 1515, Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province; College of Food Science and Technology; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Core Research Program 1515, Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province; College of Food Science and Technology; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients; Hunan Agricultural University; Changsha China
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences; Faculty of Agriculture; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Li R, Song M, Li Z, Li Y, Watanabe G, Nagaoka K, Taya K, Li C. 4-Nitrophenol exposure alters the AhR signaling pathway and related gene expression in the rat liver. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:150-158. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Meiyan Song
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Zhi Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Yansen Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Taya
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Chunmei Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Orsini F, Verotta L, Klimo K, Gerhäuser C. Synthesis of Resveratrol Derivatives andIn VitroScreening for Potential Cancer Chemopreventive Activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:414-27. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Orsini
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - Luisella Verotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - Karin Klimo
- Division Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Clarissa Gerhäuser
- Division Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Effect of 4-week feeding of deoxynivalenol- or T-2-toxin-contaminated diet on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system in the hepatopancreas of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Mycotoxin Res 2016; 32:77-83. [PMID: 26920403 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-016-0242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of study was to investigate the effects of T-2 toxin (4.11 mg T-2 toxin and 0.45 mg HT-2 toxin kg(-1) feed) and deoxynivalenol (5.96 and 0.33 mg 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (DON) kg(-1) feed) in 1-year-old common carp juveniles in a 4-week feeding trial. The exposure of mycotoxins resulted in increased mortality in both groups consuming mycotoxin-contaminated diet. Parameters of lipid peroxidation were not affected during the trial, and antioxidant defence also did not show response to oxidative stress; however, glutatione peroxidase activity slightly, but significantly, decreased in the T-2 toxin group. Glutathione S-transferase activity showed moderate decrease as effect of T-2 toxin, which suggests its effect on xenobiotic transformation. Reduced glutathione concentration showed moderate changes as effect of DON exposure, but T-2 toxin has no effect. Expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx4) genes showed different response to mycotoxin exposure. T-2 toxin caused dual response in the expression of gpx4a (early and late downregulation and mid-term upregulation), but continuous upregulation was found as effect of deoxynivalenol. Expression of the other gene, gpx4b, was upregulated by both trichothecenes during the whole period. The results suggested that trichothecenes have some effect on free radical formation and antioxidant defence, but the changes depend on the duration of exposure and the dose applied, and in case of glutathione peroxidase, there was no correlation between expression of genes and enzyme activity.
Collapse
|
135
|
Korkina L. Metabolic and redox barriers in the skin exposed to drugs and xenobiotics. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:377-88. [PMID: 26854731 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1149569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growing exposure of human skin to environmental and occupational hazards, to numerous skin care/beauty products, and to topical drugs led to a biomedical concern regarding sustainability of cutaneous chemical defence that is essential for protection against intoxication. Since skin is the largest extra-hepatic drug/xenobiotic metabolising organ where redox-dependent metabolic pathways prevail, in this review, publications on metabolic processes leading to redox imbalance (oxidative stress) and its autocrine/endocrine impact to cutaneous drug/xenobiotic metabolism were scrutinised. AREAS COVERED Chemical and photo-chemical skin barriers contain metabolic and redox compartments: their protective and homeostatic functions. The review will examine the striking similarity of adaptive responses to exogenous chemical/photo-chemical stressors and endogenous toxins in cutaneous metabolic and redox system; the role(s) of xenobiotics/drugs and phase II enzymes in the endogenous antioxidant defence and maintenance of redox balance; redox regulation of interactions between metabolic and inflammatory responses in skin cells; skin diseases sharing metabolic and redox problems (contact dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, and vitiligo) EXPERT OPINION Due to exceptional the redox dependence of cutaneous metabolic pathways and interaction of redox active metabolites/exogenous antioxidants with drug/xenobiotic metabolism, metabolic tests of topical xenobiotics/drugs should be combined with appropriate redox analyses and performed on 3D human skin models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Korkina
- a Scientific Direction, Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Investigations 'NANOLAB' , Moscow , Russia
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Huisman SA, de Bruijn P, Ghobadi Moghaddam-Helmantel IM, IJzermans JNM, Wiemer EAC, Mathijssen RHJ, de Bruin RWF. Fasting protects against the side effects of irinotecan treatment but does not affect anti-tumour activity in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:804-14. [PMID: 26332723 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main limitation to the use of irinotecan in the treatment of colorectal cancer is the severity of side effects, including neutropaenia and diarrhoea. Here, we explored the effects of 3 days of fasting on irinotecan-induced toxicities, on plasma, liver and tumour pharmacokinetics and on anti-tumour activity in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male BALB/c mice received C26 colon carcinoma cells subcutaneously. They were randomized 1:1 into equally sized ad libitum fed and fasted groups after which they were treated with irinotecan. Weight and adverse side effects were recorded daily. At the end of the experiment, tumours were resected and weighed, and concentrations of irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 were determined in plasma and tumour. KEY RESULTS Fasting prevented the diarrhoea and visible signs of discomfort induced by irinotecan. Ad libitum fed animals developed leucopenia compared with untreated controls, whereas fasted mice did not. Irinotecan suppressed tumour growth equally in both treated groups, compared with untreated controls. Levels of the active irinotecan metabolite SN-38 9 (calculated as AUC values) were significantly lower in fasted mice in both plasma and liver, but not in tumour tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Fasting protected against irinotecan-induced side effects without interfering with its anti-tumour efficacy. Fasting induced a lower systemic exposure to SN-38, which may explain the absence of adverse side effects, while tumour levels of SN-38 remained unchanged. These data offer important new approaches to improve treatment with irinotecan in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sander A Huisman
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter de Bruijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan N M IJzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A C Wiemer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron W F de Bruin
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Hajirahimkhan A, Simmler C, Dong H, Lantvit DD, Li G, Chen SN, Nikolić D, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB, Dietz BM, Bolton JL. Induction of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) by Glycyrrhiza Species Used for Women's Health: Differential Effects of the Michael Acceptors Isoliquiritigenin and Licochalcone A. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:2130-41. [PMID: 26473469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED For the alleviation of menopausal symptoms, women frequently turn to botanical dietary supplements, such as licorice and hops. In addition to estrogenic properties, these botanicals could also have chemopreventive effects. We have previously shown that hops and its Michael acceptor xanthohumol (XH) induced the chemoprevention enzyme, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), in vitro and in vivo. Licorice species could also induce NQO1, as they contain the Michael acceptors isoliquiritigenin (LigC) found in Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG), G. uralensis (GU), G. inflata (GI), and licochalcone A (LicA) which is only found in GI. These licorice species and hops induced NQO1 activity in murine hepatoma (Hepa1c1c7) cells; hops ≫ GI > GG ≅ GU. Similar to the known chemopreventive compounds curcumin (turmeric), sulforaphane (broccoli), and XH, LigC and LicA were active dose-dependently; sulforaphane ≫ XH > LigC > LicA ≅ curcumin ≫ liquiritigenin (LigF). Induction of the antioxidant response element luciferase in human hepatoma (HepG2-ARE-C8) cells suggested involvement of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. GG, GU, and LigC also induced NQO1 in nontumorigenic breast epithelial MCF-10A cells. In female Sprague-Dawley rats treated with GG and GU, LigC and LigF were detected in the liver and mammary gland. GG weakly enhanced NQO1 activity in the mammary tissue but not in the liver. Treatment with LigC alone did not induce NQO1 in vivo most likely due to its conversion to LigF, extensive metabolism, and its low bioavailability in vivo. These data show the chemopreventive potential of licorice species in vitro could be due to LigC and LicA and emphasize the importance of chemical and biological standardization of botanicals used as dietary supplements. Although the in vivo effects in the rat model after four-day treatment are minimal, it must be emphasized that menopausal women take these supplements for extended periods of time and long-term beneficial effects are quite possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Hajirahimkhan
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Huali Dong
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Guannan Li
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Birgit M Dietz
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Judy L Bolton
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Esser C, Rannug A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in barrier organ physiology, immunology, and toxicology. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:259-79. [PMID: 25657351 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an evolutionarily old transcription factor belonging to the Per-ARNT-Sim-basic helix-loop-helix protein family. AhR translocates into the nucleus upon binding of various small molecules into the pocket of its single-ligand binding domain. AhR binding to both xenobiotic and endogenous ligands results in highly cell-specific transcriptome changes and in changes in cellular functions. We discuss here the role of AhR for immune cells of the barrier organs: skin, gut, and lung. Both adaptive and innate immune cells require AhR signaling at critical checkpoints. We also discuss the current two prevailing views-namely, 1) AhR as a promiscuous sensor for small chemicals and 2) a role for AhR as a balancing factor for cell differentiation and function, which is controlled by levels of endogenous high-affinity ligands. AhR signaling is considered a promising drug and preventive target, particularly for cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, understanding its biology is of great importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Esser
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany (C.E.); and Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.R.)
| | - Agneta Rannug
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany (C.E.); and Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Fabbrocini G, Kaya G, Caseiro Silverio P, De Vita V, Kaya A, Fontao F, Sorg O, Saurat JH. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Acne Vulgaris Skin: A Case Series from the Region of Naples, Italy. Dermatology 2015; 231:334-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000439402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
140
|
Boušová I, Skálová L, Souček P, Matoušková P. The modulation of carbonyl reductase 1 by polyphenols. Drug Metab Rev 2015; 47:520-33. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1089885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
141
|
Bócsai A, Pelyhe C, Zándoki E, Ancsin Z, Szabó-Fodor J, Erdélyi M, Mézes M, Balogh K. Short-term effects of T-2 toxin exposure on some lipid peroxide and glutathione redox parameters of broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:520-5. [PMID: 26412027 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of T-2 toxin exposure (3.09 mg/kg feed) on lipid peroxidation and glutathione redox system of broiler chicken. A total of 54 Cobb 500 cockerels were randomly distributed to two experimental groups at 21 days of age. Samples (blood plasma, red blood cell, liver, kidney and spleen) were collected every 12 h during a 48-h period. The results showed that the initial phase of lipid peroxidation, as measured by conjugated dienes and trienes in the liver, was continuously, but not significantly higher in T-2 toxin-dosed birds than in control birds. The termination phase of lipid peroxidation, as measured by malondialdehyde, was significantly higher in liver and kidney as a result of T-2 toxin exposure at the end of the experimental period (48th hour). The glutathione redox system activated shortly after starting the T-2 toxin exposure, which is supported by the significantly higher concentration of reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in blood plasma at 24 and 48 h, in liver at 12, 24 and 36 h, and in kidney and spleen at 24 h. These results suggest that T-2 toxin, or its metabolites, may be involved in the generation of reactive oxygen substances which causes an increase in lipid peroxidation, and consequently activates the glutathione redox system, namely synthesis of reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bócsai
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Cs Pelyhe
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - E Zándoki
- 'MTA-KE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain' Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zs Ancsin
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - J Szabó-Fodor
- 'MTA-KE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain' Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - M Erdélyi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - M Mézes
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - K Balogh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Clausen MR, Zhang X, Yde CC, Ditlev DB, Lillefosse HH, Madsen L, Kristiansen K, Liaset B, Bertram HC. Intake of hydrolyzed casein is associated with reduced body fat accretion and enhanced phase II metabolism in obesity prone C57BL/6J mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118895. [PMID: 25738501 PMCID: PMC4349863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The amount and form of dietary casein have been shown to affect energy metabolism and lipid accumulation in mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated 48 hrs urinary metabolome, hepatic lipid composition and gene expression in male C57BL/6J mice fed Western diets with 16 or 32 energy% protein in the form of extensively hydrolyzed or intact casein. LC-MS based metabolomics revealed a very strong impact of casein form on the urinary metabolome. Evaluation of the discriminatory metabolites using tandem mass spectrometry indicated that intake of extensively hydrolyzed casein modulated Phase II metabolism associated with an elevated urinary excretion of glucuronic acid- and sulphate conjugated molecules, whereas glycine conjugated molecules were more abundant in urine from mice fed the intact casein diets. Despite the differences in the urinary metabolome, we observed no differences in hepatic expression of genes involved in Phase II metabolism, but it was observed that expression of Abcc3 encoding ATP binding cassette c3 (transporter of glucuronic acid conjugates) was increased in livers of mice fed hydrolyzed casein. As glucuronic acid is derived from glucose and sulphate is derived from cysteine, our metabolomic data provided evidence for changes in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism and we propose that this modulation of metabolism was associated with the reduced glucose and lipid levels observed in mice fed the extensively hydrolyzed casein diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xumin Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarslev, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ditte B. Ditlev
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarslev, Denmark
| | - Haldis H. Lillefosse
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Madsen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Bjørn Liaset
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
143
|
Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. The role of transcription factor Nrf2 in skin cells metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:385-96. [PMID: 25708189 PMCID: PMC4469773 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin, which is a protective layer of the body, is in constant contact with physical and chemical environmental factors. Exposure of the skin to highly adverse conditions often leads to oxidative stress. Moreover, it has been observed that skin cells are also exposed to reactive oxygen species generated during cell metabolism particularly in relation to the synthesis of melanin or the metabolism in immune system cells. However, skin cells have special features that protect them against oxidative modifications including transcription factor Nrf2, which is responsible for the transcription of the antioxidant protein genes such as antioxidant enzymes, small molecular antioxidant proteins or interleukins, and multidrug response protein. In the present study, the mechanisms of Nrf2 activation have been compared in the cells forming the various layers of the skin: keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblasts. The primary mechanism of control of Nrf2 activity is its binding by cytoplasmic inhibitor Keap1, while cells have also other controlling mechanisms, such as phosphorylation of Nrf2 and modifications of its activators (e.g., Maf, IKKβ) or inhibitors (e.g., Bach1, caveolae, TGF-β). Moreover, there are a number of drugs (e.g., ketoconazole) used in the pharmacotherapy of skin diseases based on the activation of Nrf2, but they may also induce oxidative stress. Therefore, it is important to look for compounds that cause a selective activation of Nrf2 particularly natural substances such as curcumin, sulforaphane, or extracts from the broccoli leaves without side effects. These findings could be helpful in the searching for new drugs for people with vitiligo or even melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Departments of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland,
| | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Effects of Long-term Feeding of Graded Levels of T-2 Toxin-contaminated Diets on Performance, Some Lipid Peroxide and Glutathione Redox Status Parameters of Broiler Chickens. J Poult Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0140147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
145
|
Kalkhof S, Dautel F, Loguercio S, Baumann S, Trump S, Jungnickel H, Otto W, Rudzok S, Potratz S, Luch A, Lehmann I, Beyer A, von Bergen M. Pathway and time-resolved benzo[a]pyrene toxicity on Hepa1c1c7 cells at toxic and subtoxic exposure. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:164-82. [PMID: 25362887 DOI: 10.1021/pr500957t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is an environmental contaminant mainly studied for its toxic/carcinogenic effects. For a comprehensive and pathway orientated mechanistic understanding of the effects directly triggered by a toxic (5 μM) or a subtoxic (50 nM) concentration of B[a]P or indirectly by its metabolites, we conducted time series experiments for up to 24 h to study the effects in murine hepatocytes. These cells rapidly take up and actively metabolize B[a]P, which was followed by quantitative analysis of the concentration of intracellular B[a]P and seven representative degradation products. Exposure with 5 μM B[a]P led to a maximal intracellular concentration of 1604 pmol/5 × 10(4) cells, leveling at 55 pmol/5 × 10(4) cells by the end of the time course. Changes in the global proteome (>1000 protein profiles) and metabolome (163 metabolites) were assessed in combination with B[a]P degradation. Abundance profiles of 236 (both concentrations), 190 (only 5 μM), and 150 (only 50 nM) proteins were found to be regulated in response to B[a]P in a time-dependent manner. At the endogenous metabolite level amino acids, acylcarnitines and glycerophospholipids were particularly affected by B[a]P. The comprehensive chemical, proteome and metabolomic data enabled the identification of effects on the pathway level in a time-resolved manner. So in addition to known alterations, also protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and membrane dysfunction were identified as B[a]P specific effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kalkhof
- Department of Proteomics, UFZ, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
146
|
Fang ZZ, Krausz KW, Nagaoka K, Tanaka N, Gowda K, Amin SG, Perdew GH, Gonzalez FJ. In vivo effects of the pure aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist GNF-351 after oral administration are limited to the gastrointestinal tract. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:1735-46. [PMID: 24417285 PMCID: PMC3966752 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose GNF-351 is a potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) antagonist that inhibits dioxin response element-dependent and independent activities. Here, the absorption, metabolism and in vivo AHR antagonist activity of GNF-351 were investigated. Experimental Approach LC-MS metabolomics was used to analyse GNF-351 metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant drug-metabolizing enzymes were employed to determine the enzymes involved in GNF-351 metabolism. Analysis of target AHR genes was performed to investigate the inhibitory effects of GNF-351 towards AHR activation. Key Results Several phase I metabolites were generated after GNF-351 was incubated with microsomes from human or mouse liver and intestine, including two oxidized GNF-351 and one tri-demethylated GNF-351. Poor absorption from the intestine resulted in no detectable levels of GNF-351 in mouse serum (0–6 h) and urine (24 h) and almost all GNF-351 was found in the faeces after 24 h. Analysis of faeces further revealed all the in vitro phase I metabolites. Novel metabolites were detected, including one di-oxidized GNF-351, two oxidized and tri-demethylated GNF-351, one dehydrogenated product of oxidized GNF-351, and one sulfation product of di-oxidized GNF-351. Cytochromes P450 were demonstrated to be the major enzymes involved in metabolism of GNF-351. After oral administration to mice, GNF-351 readily inhibited β-naphthoflavone-induced AHR activation in ileum and colon, but not that in the liver. Conclusion and Implications While poor absorption and extensive metabolism after oral administration limited the in vivo effects of the pure AHR antagonist GNF-351 in liver, it could be used to inhibit AHR activation in intestine and colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ze Fang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
147
|
Guerrero-Castilla A, Olivero-Verbel J. Altered gene expression in HepG2 cells exposed to a methanolic coal dust extract. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:742-750. [PMID: 25305735 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to coal dust has been associated with different chronic diseases and mortality risk. This airborne pollutant is produced during coal mining and transport activities, generating environmental and human toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a coal dust methanolic extract on HepG2, a human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Cells were exposed to 5-100ppm methanolic coal extract for 12h, using DMSO as control. MTT and comet assays were used for the evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, respectively. Real time PCR was utilized to quantify relative expression of genes related to oxidative stress, xenobiotic metabolism and DNA damage. Coal extract concentrations did not induce significant changes in HepG2 cell viability after 12h exposure; however, 50 and 100ppm of the coal extract produced a significant increase in genetic damage index with respect to negative control. Compared to vehicle control, mRNA CYP1A1 (up to 163-fold), NQO1 (up to 4.7-fold), and GADD45B (up to 4.7-fold) were up regulated, whereas PRDX1, SOD, CAT, GPX1, XPA, ERCC1 and APEX1 remained unaltered. This expression profile suggests that cells exposed to coal dust extract shows aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated alterations, changes in cellular oxidative status, and genotoxic effects. These findings share some similarities with those observed in liver of mice captured near coal mining areas, and add evidence that living around these industrial operations may be negatively impacting the biota and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Guerrero-Castilla
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Ringseis R, Gessner DK, Eder K. Molecular insights into the mechanisms of liver-associated diseases in early-lactating dairy cows: hypothetical role of endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:626-45. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology; Justus-Liebig-University Giessen; Giessen Germany
| | - D. K. Gessner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology; Justus-Liebig-University Giessen; Giessen Germany
| | - K. Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology; Justus-Liebig-University Giessen; Giessen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Grünwald S, Gurmai AM, Schuierer K, Boll M, Wenzel U. The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum allows for the convenient determination of fitness and survival as a measure of toxic effects of the food contaminant acrylamide. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:1826-33. [PMID: 25265133 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.957737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a toxic ingredient generated as a by-product of the Maillard reaction in starchy foods processed at temperatures above 120°C. Here we used the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum as a model organism to test the effects of acrylamide on fitness and survival. Beetles were fed on flour spiked with acrylamide between 0.5% and 10% at 32°C over 2 weeks. Fitness of the beetles was tested by measuring the running distance and survival was recorded after 2 weeks of feeding at increased temperatures at 42°C. Both parameters were dose-dependent reduced by acrylamide. Knockdown of gene homologues of ahr, the arylhydrocarbon receptor, and of nrf-2, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, both reduced fitness and survival. Application of 0.5% acrylamide under knockdown of each factor further reduced fitness and survival, suggesting that ahr and nrf-2 are important for an adequate response to the toxicant. RNA-interference for ahr blocked completely the increase in nrf-2 mRNA levels, suggesting that the actions of ahr on acrylamide detoxification are mediated via Nrf-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Grünwald
- a Molecular Nutrition Research, Interdisciplinary Research Center , Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen , Giessen , Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
150
|
Manzanares MÁ, Solanas M, Moral R, Escrich R, Vela E, Escrich E. Ontogeny of the Major Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes Expression and the Dietary Lipids Modulatory Effect in the Rat Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-Induced Breast Cancer Model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 28:539-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Manzanares
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Montserrat Solanas
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Raquel Moral
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Raquel Escrich
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Elena Vela
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Eduard Escrich
- Department of Cell Biology; Physiology and Immunology; Medical Physiology Unit; School of Medicine; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|