101
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Ma Z, Liu B, Li S, Wang X, Li J, Yang J, Tian S, Wu C, Zhao D. A novel biomimetic trabecular bone metal plate for bone repair and osseointegration. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad003. [PMID: 36817973 PMCID: PMC9926947 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fracture is one of the most common traumatic diseases in clinical practice, and metal plates have always been the first choice for fracture treatment because of their high strength. However, the bone plates have high elastic modulus and do not match the biomechanics of human bone, which adversely affects callus formation and fracture healing. Moreover, the complex microenvironment in the human body can induce corrosion of metallic materials and release toxic ions, which reduces the biocompatibility of the bone plate, and may necessitate surgical removal of the implant. In this study, tantalum (Ta) was deposited on porous silicon carbide (SiC) scaffolds by chemical vapor deposition technology to prepare a novel porous tantalum (pTa) trabecular bone metal plate. The function of the novel bone plate was evaluated by implantation in an animal fracture model. The results showed that the novel bone plate was effective in fracture fixation, without breakage. Both X-ray and microcomputed tomography analysis showed indirect healing by both pTa trabecular bone metal plates and titanium (Ti) plates; however, elastic fixation and obvious callus formation were observed after fixation with pTa trabecular bone metal plates, indicating better bone repair. Histology showed that pTa promoted the formation of new bone and integrated well with the host bone. Therefore, this novel pTa trabecular bone metal plate has good prospects for application in treating fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaohu Wang
- Orthopaedic of Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Orthopaedic of Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Orthopaedic of Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, China
| | - Simiao Tian
- Orthopaedic of Department, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, China
| | - Chengjun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Dewei Zhao
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86 0411 62893509, E-mail:
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102
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Magnesium surface-activated 3D printed porous PEEK scaffolds for in vivo osseointegration by promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:16-28. [PMID: 35633876 PMCID: PMC9123089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been an alternative material for titanium in bone defect repair, but its clinical application is limited by its poor osseointegration. In this study, a porous structural design and activated surface modification were used to enhance the osseointegration capacity of PEEK materials. Porous PEEK scaffolds were manufactured via fused deposition modeling and a polydopamine (PDA) coating chelated with magnesium ions (Mg2+) was utilized on the surface. After surface modification, the hydrophilicity of PEEK scaffolds was significantly enhanced, and bioactive Mg2+ could be released. In vitro results showed that the activated surface could promote cell proliferation and adhesion and contribute to osteoblast differentiation and mineralization; the released Mg2+ promoted angiogenesis and might contribute to the formation of osteogenic H-type vessels. Furthermore, porous PEEK scaffolds were implanted in rabbit femoral condyles for in vivo evaluation of osseointegration. The results showed that the customized three-dimensional porous structure facilitated vascular ingrowth and bone ingrowth within the PEEK scaffolds. The PDA coating enhanced the interfacial osseointegration of porous PEEK scaffolds and the released Mg2+ accelerated early bone ingrowth by promoting early angiogenesis during the coating degradation process. This study provides an efficient solution for enhancing the osseointegration of PEEK materials, which has high potential for translational clinical applications. PEEK materials were modified by structural porosification and surface activation simultaneously. Bioactive Mg2+ released by surface-activated porous PEEK scaffolds enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Customized three-dimensional porous structure of PEEK scaffolds facilitated vascular ingrowth and bone ingrowth. Surface-activated porous PEEK scaffolds achieved satisfactory osseointegration in vivo.
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103
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Quinn C, Van Gaalen K, McHugh PE, Kopp A, Vaughan TJ. An enhanced phenomenological model to predict surface-based localised corrosion of magnesium alloys for medical use. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105637. [PMID: 36610284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study developed an enhanced phenomenological model for the predictions of surface-based localised corrosion of magnesium alloys for use in medical applications. The modelling framework extended previous surface-based approaches by considering the role of β-phase components throughout the material volume to better predict spatial and temporal aspects of surface-based corrosion in magnesium alloys. This enhanced surface-based corrosion model offers many advantages as it (i) captures multi-directional pitting, (ii) captures various pit morphologies, (iii) eliminates mesh sizing effects, (iv) reduces computational cost through custom time controls (v) offers control of pit sizing and (vi) produces corrosion rates that are independent of pitting parameter values. The model was fully implemented in three dimensions within the finite element framework and shows excellent potential to enable robust predictions of the long-term performance of magnesium-based implants undergoing corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conall Quinn
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kerstin Van Gaalen
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Meotec GmbH, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter E McHugh
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Ted J Vaughan
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Research Centre, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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104
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Garimella A, M R, Ghosh SB, Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh S, Agrawal AK. Bioactive fluorcanasite reinforced magnesium alloy-based porous bio-nanocomposite scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:463-477. [PMID: 36208413 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloy-based porous bio-nanocomposite bone scaffolds were developed by powder metallurgy route. Selective alloying elements such as calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr) were incorporated to tune the mechanical integrity while, bioactive fluorcanasite nano-particulates were introduced within the alloy system to enhance the bone tissue regeneration. Green compacts containing carbamide were fabricated and sintered using two-stage heat treatment process to achieve the targeted porosities. The microstructure of these fabricated magnesium alloy-based bio-nanocomposites was examined by Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and x-ray micro computed tomography (x-ray μCT), which revealed gradient porosities and distribution of alloying elements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirmed the presence of major crystalline phases in the fabricated samples and the evolution of the various combinations of intermetallic phases of Ca, Mg, Zn and Sr which were anticipated to enhance the mechanical properties. Further, XRD studies revealed the presence of apatite phase for the immersed samples, a conducive environment for bone regeneration. The fabricated samples were evaluated for their mechanical performance against uniaxial compression load. The tunability of compressive strengths and modulus values could be established with variation in porosities of fabricated samples. The retained compressive strength and Young's modulus of the samples following immersion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was found to be in line with that of natural human cancellous bone, thereby establishing the potential of the fabricated magnesium-alloy-based nanocomposite as a promising scaffold candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Garimella
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ramya M
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Subrata Bandhu Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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105
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Bioactive Synthetic Polymer-Based Polyelectrolyte LbL Coating Assembly on Surface Treated AZ31-Mg Alloys. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020075. [PMID: 36826874 PMCID: PMC9964909 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer (LbL) films on pretreated Mg containing 3 wt.% Al and 1 wt.% Zn (MgAZ31) alloy surfaces were prepared under physiological conditions offering improved bioresponse and corrosive protection. Pretreatments of the model MgAZ31 substrate surfaces were performed by alkaline and fluoride coating methods. The anti-corrosion and cytocompatibility behavior of pretreated substrates were evaluated. The LbL film assembly consisted of an initial layer of polyethyleneimine (PEI), followed by alternate layers of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), which self-arrange via electrostatic interactions on the pretreated MgAZ31 alloy substrate surface. The physicochemical characterization, surface morphologies, and microstructures of the LbL films were investigated using Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The in vitro stability studies related to the LbL coatings confirmed that the surface treatments are imperative to achieve the lasting stability of PLGA/PAH layers. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements demonstrated that pretreated and LbL multilayered coated substrates enhanced the corrosion resistance of the bare MgAZ31 alloy. Cytocompatibility studies using human mesenchymal stem cells seeded directly over the substrates showed that the pretreated and LbL-generated surfaces were more cytocompatible, displaying reduced cytotoxicity than the bare MgAZ31. The release of bovine serum albumin protein from the LbL films was also studied. The initial data presented cooperatively demonstrate the promise of creating LbL layers on Mg-related bioresorbable scaffolds to obtain improved surface bio-related activity.
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106
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Huang S, Zhong Y, Fu Y, Zheng X, Feng Z, Mo A. Graphene and its derivatives: "one stone, three birds" strategy for orthopedic implant-associated infections. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:380-399. [PMID: 36453143 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Orthopedic implants provide an avascular surface for microbial attachment and biofilm formation, impeding the entry of immune cells and the diffusion of antibiotics. The above is an important cause of dental and orthopedic implant-associated infection (IAI). For the prevention and treatment of IAI, the drawbacks of antibiotic resistance and surgical treatment are increasingly apparent. Due to their outstanding biological properties such as biocompatibility, immunomodulatory effects, and antibacterial properties, graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have been applied to bone tissue engineering to deal with IAI, and in particular have great potential application in drug/gene carriers, multi-functional platforms, and coating forms. Here we review the latest research progress and achievements in GBNs for the prevention and treatment of IAI, mainly including their biomedical applications for antibacterial and immunomodulation effects, and for inducing osteogenesis. Furthermore, the biosafety of graphene family materials in bone tissue regeneration and the feasibility of clinical application are critically analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongjin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeru Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anchun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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107
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Vahedi S, Aghdam RM, Sohi MH, Rezayan AH. Characteristics of electrospun chitosan/carbon nanotube coatings deposited on AZ31 magnesium alloy. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:8. [PMID: 36630012 PMCID: PMC9834111 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mg-based biomaterials are commonly used as biodegradable orthopedic implants (e.g., bone regeneration applications). However, achieving high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance has remained a challenge to be tackled. In this work, to investigate various fabricated coatings (with and without pre- anodizing), five categories of samples are considered: (a) bare Mg alloy (Mg), (b) Anodized Mg alloy (Mg-A), (c) CS-coated Mg alloy (Mg-C), (d) CS-coated anodized Mg alloy (Mg-AC), and (e) CS-CNT-coated anodized Mg alloy (Mg-ACC). These samples were characterized by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopes (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Raman Spectroscopy. The adhesion within the coated samples was compared. Then, the effects of the coatings were evaluated by comparing wettability, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility for bare and coated samples. The adhesion test showed that the coatings exhibited higher adhesion for Mg-AC and Mg-ACC compared to Mg-C. Desired wettability was achieved as the contact angles of coated samples were in the range of 55°- 65°. Electrochemical impedance and polarization as well as immersion tests showed higher corrosion resistance for coated samples. The composite coated sample showed improved cell adhesion since the osteoblast cells covered almost the entire surface of the sample. Moreover, osteoblast cell viability for the sample was around 40% higher than that of the bare sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Vahedi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Mehdinavaz Aghdam
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Heydarzadeh Sohi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hossein Rezayan
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
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108
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Peng W, Chen Y, Fan H, Chen S, Wang H, Song X. A Novel PLLA/MgF 2 Coating on Mg Alloy by Ultrasonic Atomization Spraying for Controlling Degradation and Improving Biocompatibility. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:682. [PMID: 36676415 PMCID: PMC9864383 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Problems of rapid degradation and poor biocompatibility (endothelialization and hemocompatibility) limit magnesium (Mg) alloy's further applications in vascular stents. To solve these problems, a novel composite coating was designed on Mg alloy via a two-step method. First, a Mg alloy sample was immersed in hydrofluoric acid. Then, a poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) coating was made by ultrasonic atomization spraying with 5 and 10 layers (referred to as PLLA(5)-HF-Mg and PLLA(10)-HF-Mg). Characterizations were analyzed from the microstructure, element distribution, and wettability. The degradation behavior was tested with an electrochemical test and immersion test. Endothelialization was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Hemocompatibility was examined with a platelet adhesion test. The results showed that the PLLA coating could not only cover the surface, but also could permeate through and cover the holes on the MgF2 layer, mechanically locked with the substrate. Thus, the composite coating had higher corrosion resistance. The PLLA/MgF2 coating, especially on PLLA(10)-HF-Mg, enhanced HUVECs' viability and growth. While incubated with platelets, the PLLA/MgF2 coating, especially on PLLA(10)-HF-Mg, had the lowest platelet adhesion number and activity. Taken together, the novel PLLA/MgF2 coating controls Mg alloy's degradation by spraying different layers of PLLA, resulting in better endothelialization and hemocompatibility, providing a promising candidate for cardiovascular stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Peng
- Cardiovascular Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yizhe Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongde Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Cardiovascular Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
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109
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Streza A, Antoniac A, Manescu (Paltanea) V, Paltanea G, Robu A, Dura H, Verestiuc L, Stanica E, Voicu SI, Antoniac I, Cristea MB, Dragomir BR, Rau JV, Manolea MM. Effect of Filler Types on Cellulose-Acetate-Based Composite Used as Coatings for Biodegradable Magnesium Implants for Trauma. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:554. [PMID: 36676290 PMCID: PMC9863609 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are considered one of the most promising materials for biodegradable trauma implants because they promote bone healing and exhibit adequate mechanical strength during their biodegradation in relation to the bone healing process. Surface modification of biodegradable magnesium alloys is an important research field that is analyzed in many publications as the biodegradation due to the corrosion process and the interface with human tissue is improved. The aim of the current preliminary study is to develop a polymeric-based composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloys by the solvent evaporation method to reduce the biodegradation rate much more than in the case of simple polymeric coatings by involving some bioactive filler in the form of particles consisting of hydroxyapatite and magnesium. Various techniques such as SEM coupled with EDS, FTIR, and RAMAN spectroscopy, and contact angle were used for the structural and morphological characterization of the coatings. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study the effect of filler particles on polymer thermostability. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed on MG-63 cells (human osteosarcomas). The experimental analysis highlights the positive effect of magnesium and hydroxyapatite particles as filler for cellulose acetate when they are used alone from biocompatibility and surface analysis points of view, and it is not recommended to use both types of particles (hydroxyapatite and magnesium) as hybrid filling. In future studies focused on implantation testing, we will use only CA-based composite coatings with one filler on magnesium alloys because these composite coatings have shown better results from the in vitro testing point of view for future potential orthopedic biodegradable implants for trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Streza
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Manescu (Paltanea)
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Robu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horatiu Dura
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 10 Victoriei Boulevard, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Liliana Verestiuc
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Enache Stanica
- National Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies ICSI-Rm. Valcea, ICSI Energy, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, District 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulian Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei Street, District 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Bogdan Cristea
- Department of Morphological Sciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Radu Dragomir
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- DDD Medical Services SRL, 78 Vasile Lupu Street, 700350 Iasi, Romania
| | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya Street, Build. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria-Magdalena Manolea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rares Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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110
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Kang JM, Kim SH, Ryu DS, Park Y, Won DS, Kim JW, Zeng CH, Park JH, Park HJ. Preliminary results of absorbable magnesium stent for treating eustachian tube dysfunction in a porcine model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284584. [PMID: 37098019 PMCID: PMC10128956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Absorbable magnesium (Mg) stents have an attractive biocompatibility and rapid degradation rate, but their degradable behavior and efficacy in the Eustachian tube (ET) have not yet been investigated. In this study, the degradable behavior of the Mg stent in artificial nasal mucus was evaluated. The Mg stents in the porcine ET model were also investigated to evaluate their safety and efficacy. Four Mg stents were placed into the four ETs of two pigs. The mass loss rate of the Mg stents gradually decreased over time. The decrease rates were 30.96% at one week, 49.00% at two weeks, and 71.80% at four weeks. On the basis of histological findings, the thickness of submucosal tissue hyperplasia and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration significantly decreased at four weeks compared with two weeks. Biodegradation of the Mg stent occurred before tissue proliferative reactions, and the ET patency was successfully maintained without stent-induced tissue hyperplasia at four weeks. The Mg stent that biodegrades rapidly seems to be effective and safe in porcine ET. Further investigation is required to verify the optimal stent shape and indwell period in the ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon Min Kang
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Hee Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Ryu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubeen Park
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sung Won
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chu Hui Zeng
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Park
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Ju Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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111
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Sabouni K, Ozturk Y, Kacar E, Kose GT, Kok FN, Kazmanli MK, Urgen MK, Onder S. Surface analysis of (Ti,Mg)N coated bone fixation devices following the rabbit femur surgery. Biomed Mater Eng 2023; 34:459-472. [PMID: 37005873 DOI: 10.3233/bme-222544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) enhances the bone regeneration, mineralization and attachment at the tissue/biomaterial interface. OBJECTIVE In this study, the effect of Mg on mineralization/osseointegration was determined using (Ti,Mg)N thin film coated Ti6Al4V based plates and screws in vivo. METHODS TiN and (Ti,Mg)N coated Ti6Al4V plates and screws were prepared using arc-PVD technique and used to fix rabbit femur fractures for 6 weeks. Then, mineralization/osseointegration was assessed by surface analysis including cell attachment, mineralization, and hydroxyapatite deposition on concave and convex sides of the plates along with the attachment between the screw and the bone. RESULTS According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses; cell attachment and mineralization were higher on the concave sides of the plates from both groups in comparison to the convex sides. However, mineralization was significantly higher on Mg-containing ones. The mean gray value indicating mineralized area after von Kossa staining was found as 0.48 ± 0.01 and 0.41 ± 0.04 on Mg containing and free ones respectively. Similarly, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that hydroxyapatite growth was abundant on the Mg-containing and concave sides of the plates. Enhanced mineralization and strong attachment to bone were also detected in EDS and SEM analyses of Mg-containing screws. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that (Ti,Mg)N coatings can be used to increase attachment at the implant tissue interface due to accelerated mineralization, cell attachment, and hydroxyapatite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenda Sabouni
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yetkin Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kacar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Torun Kose
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nese Kok
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Kursat Kazmanli
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kamil Urgen
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakip Onder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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112
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Talha M, Wang Q, Ma Y, Lin Y. Self-assembled hybrid silane/ZnO coatings for corrosion protection of resorbable magnesium alloy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES 2023; 120:103281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2022.103281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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113
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Santos Beato P, Poologasundarampillai G, Nommeots-Nomm A, Kalaskar DM. Materials for 3D printing in medicine: metals, polymers, ceramics, and hydrogels. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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114
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In-vivo bone remodeling potential of Sr-d-Ca-P /PLLA-HAp coated biodegradable ZK60 alloy bone plate. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100533. [PMID: 36619205 PMCID: PMC9816808 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are widely applied biomaterials due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, rapid degradation and hydrogen gas evolution hinder its applicability on a commercial scale. In this study, we developed an Mg alloy bone plate for bone remodeling and support after a fracture. We further coated the Mg alloy plate with Sr-D-Ca-P (Sr dopped Ca-P coating) and Sr-D-Ca-P/PLLA-HAp to evaluate and compare their biodegradability and biocompatibility in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chemical immersion and dip coating were employed for the formation of Sr-D-Ca-P and PLLA-HAp layers, respectively. In vitro evaluation depicted that both coatings delayed the degradation process and exhibited excellent biocompatibility. MC3T3-E1cells proliferation and osteogenic markers expression were also promoted. In vivo results showed that both Sr-D-Ca-P and Sr-D-Ca-P/PLLA-HAp coated bone plates had slower degradation rate as compared to Mg alloy. Remarkable bone remodeling was observed around the Sr-D-Ca-P/PLLA-HAp coated bone plate than bare Mg alloy and Sr-D-Ca-P coated bone plate. These results suggest that Sr-D-Ca-P/PLLA-HAp coated Mg alloy bone plate with lower degradation and enhanced biocompatibility can be applied as an orthopedic implant.
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115
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Xiao C, Fan L, Zhou S, Kang X, Guan P, Fu R, Li C, Ren J, Wang Z, Yu P, Wang Y, Deng C, Zhou L, Ning C. One-Dimensional Ferroelectric Nanoarrays with Wireless Switchable Static and Dynamic Electrical Stimulation for Selective Regulating Osteogenesis and Antiosteosarcoma. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20770-20785. [PMID: 36412574 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Preventing local tumor recurrence and simultaneously improving bone-tissue regeneration are in great demand for osteosarcoma therapy. However, the current therapeutic implants fail to selectively suppress tumor growth and enhance osteogenesis, and antitumor therapy may compromise osseointegration of the bone implant. Here, based on the different responses of bone tumor cells and osteoblasts to different electric stimulations, we constructed ferroelectric BaTiO3 nanorod arrays (NBTO) on the surface of titanium implants with switchable dynamic and static electrical stimulation for selective bone-tumor therapy and bone tissue regeneration. Polarized NBTO (PNBTO) generated a sustained dynamic electrical stimulus in response to wireless ultrasonic irradiation ("switch-on"), which disrupted the orientation of the spindle filaments of the tumor cell, blocked the G2/M phase of mitosis, and ultimately led to tumor cell death, whereas it had almost no cytotoxic effect on normal bone cells. Under the switch-off state, PNBTO with a high surface potential provided static electrical stimulation, accelerating osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and enhancing the quality of bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. This study broadens the biomedical potential of electrical stimulation therapy and provides a comprehensive and clinically feasible strategy for the overall treatment and tissue regeneration in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairong Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shiqi Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Xinchang Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rumin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Changhao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jian Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhengao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Chunlin Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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In Vitro Degradation and Photoactivated Antibacterial Activity of a Hemin-CaP Microsphere-Loaded Coating on Pure Magnesium. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:jfb14010015. [PMID: 36662062 PMCID: PMC9861195 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoactivated sterilization has received more attention in dealing with implant-associated infections due to its advantages of rapid and effective bacteriostasis and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Herein, a micro-arc oxidation (MAO)/polymethyltrimethoxysilane (PMTMS)@hemin-induced calcium-bearing phosphate microsphere (Hemin-CaP) coating was prepared on pure magnesium (Mg) via MAO processing and dipping treatments. The morphology and composition of the coating were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Corrosion behavior was evaluated through electrochemical and hydrogen evolution tests. The release of Fe3+ ions at different immersion times was measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Antibacterial performance and cytotoxicity were assessed using the spread plate method, MTT assay and live/dead staining experiment. The results showed that the corrosion current density of the MAO/PMTMS@(Hemin-CaP) coating (4.41 × 10-8 A·cm-2) was decreased by two orders of magnitude compared to that of pure Mg (3.12 × 10-6 A·cm-2). Photoactivated antibacterial efficiencies of the Hemin-CaP microspheres and MAO/PMTMS@(Hemin-CaP) coating reached about 99% and 92%, respectively, which we attributed to the photothermal and photodynamic properties of hemin with a porphyrin ring. Moreover, based on the release of Fe3+ ions, the MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts' viability reached up to 125% after a 72 h culture, indicating a positive effect of the coating in promoting cell growth. Thus, this novel composite coating holds a promising application as bone implants.
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117
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Ali F, Kalva SN, Koç M. Additive Manufacturing of Polymer/Mg-Based Composites for Porous Tissue Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:5460. [PMID: 36559829 PMCID: PMC9783552 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their commercial availability, superior processability, and biocompatibility, polymers are frequently used to build three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds. The main issues limiting the widespread clinical use of monophasic polymer scaffolds in the bone healing process are their inadequate mechanical strength and inappropriate biodegradation. Due to their mechanical strength and biocompatibility, metal-based scaffolds have been used for various bone regenerative applications. However, due to the mismatch in mechanical properties and nondegradability, they lack integration with the host tissues, resulting in the production of fiber tissue and the release of toxic ions, posing a risk to the durability of scaffolds. Due to their natural degradability in the body, Mg and its alloys increasingly attract attention for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications. Incorporating Mg micro-nano-scale particles into biodegradable polymers dramatically improves scaffolds and implants' strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Polymer biodegradable implants also improve the quality of life, particularly for an aging society, by eliminating the secondary surgery often needed to remove permanent implants and significantly reducing healthcare costs. This paper reviews the suitability of various biodegradable polymer/Mg composites for bone tissue scaffolds and then summarizes the current status and challenges of polymer/magnesium composite scaffolds. In addition, this paper reviews the potential use of 3D printing, which has a unique design capability for developing complex structures with fewer material waste at a faster rate, and with a personalized and on-site fabrication possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ali
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | | | - Muammer Koç
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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118
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Corrosion Behavior and Biocompatibility of Hot-Extruded Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) Biodegradable Alloys. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040294. [PMID: 36547554 PMCID: PMC9784916 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fixation screws and other temporary magnesium alloy fixation devices are used in orthopedic practice because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and acceptable biodegradation rates. The substitution of dissolving implant by tissues during the healing process is one of the main requirements for biodegradable implants. Previously, clinical tests showed the effectiveness of Ga ions on bone tissue regeneration. This work is the first systematic study on the corrosion rate and biocompatibility of Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) alloys prepared by hot extrusion, where Ga is an additional major alloying element, efficient as a bone-resorption inhibitor. Most investigated alloys have a low corrosion rate in Hanks' solution close to ~0.2 mm/year. No cytotoxic effects of Mg-2Zn-2Ga (wt.%) alloy on MG63 cells were observed. Thus, considering the high corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility, the Mg-2Zn-2Ga alloy is possible for applications in osteosynthesis implants with improved bone tissue regeneration ability.
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119
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Şevik H, Özarslan S, Dieringa H. Assessment of the Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-1Zn-0.6Ca/Diamond Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4399. [PMID: 36558252 PMCID: PMC9787344 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the Mg-1Zn-0.6Ca matrix alloy (ZX10), reinforced by adding various amounts of nanodiamond particles (0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%), prepared by the ultrasound-assisted stir-casting method, were investigated as they are deemed as potential implant materials in biomedical applications. Microstructure, nanoindentation, mechanical tensile, immersion, and potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed for evaluating the influence of the addition of nanodiamond particles on the alloy's mechanical and biocorrosion properties. The results revealed that the addition of nanodiamond particles causes a reduction in the alloy's grain size. The alloy's nanohardness and elastic modulus values increased when the amount of added nanodiamond particles were increased. The nanocomposite with an addition of 0.5% ND showed the best composition with regard to an acceptable corrosion rate as the corrosion rates are too high with higher additions of 1 or 2% NDs. At the same time, the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation improved slightly compared to the matrix alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Şevik
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
| | - Selma Özarslan
- Department of Physics, Science and Art Faculty, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya 31034, Turkey
| | - Hajo Dieringa
- Institute of Material and Process Design, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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120
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Antoniac I, Manescu (Paltanea) V, Paltanea G, Antoniac A, Nemoianu IV, Petrescu MI, Dura H, Bodog AD. Additive Manufactured Magnesium-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8693. [PMID: 36500191 PMCID: PMC9739563 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an important technology that led to a high evolution in the manufacture of personalized implants adapted to the anatomical requirements of patients. Due to a worldwide graft shortage, synthetic scaffolds must be developed. Regarding this aspect, biodegradable materials such as magnesium and its alloys are a possible solution because the second surgery for implant removal is eliminated. Magnesium (Mg) exhibits mechanical properties, which are similar to human bone, biodegradability in human fluids, high biocompatibility, and increased ability to stimulate new bone formation. A current research trend consists of Mg-based scaffold design and manufacture using AM technologies. This review presents the importance of biodegradable implants in treating bone defects, the most used AM methods to produce Mg scaffolds based on powder metallurgy, AM-manufactured implants properties, and in vitro and in vivo analysis. Scaffold properties such as biodegradation, densification, mechanical properties, microstructure, and biocompatibility are presented with examples extracted from the recent literature. The challenges for AM-produced Mg implants by taking into account the available literature are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulian Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Manescu (Paltanea)
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iosif Vasile Nemoianu
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Ionut Petrescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horatiu Dura
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Alin Danut Bodog
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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121
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Natural Coatings and Surface Modifications on Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235297. [PMID: 36501691 PMCID: PMC9740093 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have great potential in biomedical applications due to their incomparable properties regarding other metals, such as stainless steels, Co-Cr alloys, and titanium (Ti) alloys. However, when Mg engages with body fluids, its degradation rate increases, inhibiting the complete healing of bone tissue. For this reason, it has been necessary to implement protective coatings to control the rate of degradation. This review focuses on natural biopolymer coatings used on Mg alloys for resorbable biomedical applications, as well as some modification techniques implemented before applying natural polymer coatings to improve their performance. Issues such as improving the corrosion resistance, cell adhesion, proliferation, and biodegradability of natural biopolymers are discussed through their basic comparison with inorganic-type coatings. Emphasis is placed on the expected biological behavior of each natural polymer described, to provide basic information as a reference on this topic.
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122
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Zheng Z, Liu P, Zhang X, Jingguo xin, Yongjie wang, Zou X, Mei X, Zhang S, Zhang S. Strategies to improve bioactive and antibacterial properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for use as orthopedic implants. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100402. [PMID: 36105676 PMCID: PMC9466655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gradually become the mainstream material for preparing orthopedic implants due to its similar elastic modulus to human bone, high strength, excellent wear resistance, radiolucency, and biocompatibility. Since the 1990s, PEEK has increasingly been used in orthopedics. Yet, the widespread application of PEEK is limited by its bio-inertness, hydrophobicity, and susceptibility to microbial infections. Further enhancing the osteogenic properties of PEEK-based implants remains a difficult task. This article reviews some modification methods of PEEK in the last five years, including surface modification of PEEK or incorporating materials into the PEEK matrix. For surface modification, PEEK can be modified by chemical treatment, physical treatment, or surface coating with bioactive substances. For PEEK composite material, adding bioactive filler into PEEK through the melting blending method or 3D printing technology can increase the biological activity of PEEK. In addition, some modification methods such as sulfonation treatment of PEEK or grafting antibacterial substances on PEEK can enhance the antibacterial performance of PEEK. These strategies aim to improve the bioactive and antibacterial properties of the modified PEEK. The researchers believe that these modifications could provide valuable guidance on the future design of PEEK orthopedic implants.
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123
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Joshi A, Dias GJ, Staiger MP. Surgically-induced deformation in biodegradable orthopaedic implant devices. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:667-675. [PMID: 36280030 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biocompatibility and mechanical performance of biodegradable metals (e.g. magnesium, iron, and zinc-based alloys) in orthopaedic-targeted applications are contingent on limiting the rate of corrosion in vivo throughout the bone healing. Concurrently, the surgical procedure for the implantation of internal bone fixation devices may impart plastic deformation to the device, potentially altering the corrosion rate of the device. However, the potential effect of the surgical implantation procedure on the mechanochemical performance of metallic degradable orthopaedic devices in vivo remains largely unresolved. The objective of the present study is to develop a robust technique that permits the quantification of the strain introduced due to surgical implantation of degradable orthopaedic devices. Specifically, a novel combined experimental-modelling approach based on 3D laser scanning in situ and the finite element method is utilised to quantify the plastic strain introduced to a bone fixation plate following surgical implantation in a cadaveric porcine model where the plate is based on a ternary magnesium-zinc-calcium alloy (ZX10). The magnitude of plastic strains determined by the above approach for the Mg craniofacial miniplate confirms that the surgical procedure itself has the potential to enhance the corrosion rate of the Mg alloy in an accelerated and potentially localised manner. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biodegradable metallic orthopaedic implant devices have emerged as a potential alternative to permanent implants, although successful adoption is contingent on achieving an acceptable degradation profile. Plastic strain that is introduced to the device during surgical implantation may influence the resulting degradation behaviour of the implant. In the present work, 3D laser scanning is combined with computer simulation to estimate the level and distribution of surgically-induced plastic strain in a magnesium alloy (ZX10). Subsequently, clinically-relevant pre-strain is shown to influence the rate of corrosion of ZX10 in vitro, indicating the value of such an approach in the design of biodegradable metallic devices under multiaxial loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Joshi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - George J Dias
- Department of Anatomy, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mark P Staiger
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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124
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Progress and perspective on rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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125
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Fattah-alhosseini A, Chaharmahali R, Rajabi A, Babaei K, Kaseem M. Performance of PEO/Polymer Coatings on the Biodegradability, Antibacterial Effect and Biocompatibility of Mg-Based Materials. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040267. [PMID: 36547527 PMCID: PMC9781375 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have recently attracted attention in biomedicine as biodegradable materials with non-toxic degradable products. Such compounds have become a frontier in the study of biodegradable materials because of their remarkable biomechanical compatibility and superior biocompatibility. The use of Mg-based implants reduces the negative consequences of permanent biological implants by eliminating the necessity for biomaterial surgery following the healing process. However, the quick deterioration, formation of considerable gas of hydrogen volumes and a rise in the body environment pH are obstacles in the application of Mg as an implant material. Hence, compelling advances for erosion resistance and biocompatibility of magnesium and its alloys are noteworthy. Surface modification may be a practical approach because it improves the erosion resistance compared with extensive preparation of a treated surface for progressed bone recovery and cell attachment. Coating produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) seems a compelling method in order to enhance magnesium and the properties of its alloys. PEO-formed coatings cannot provide long-term protection in the physiological environment due to their porous nature. Thus, a polymer coating is applied on the porous PEO-formed coating, which is steadily applied on the surface. Polymer coatings improve the biocompatibility properties of Mg and its alloys and increase corrosion resistance. In this article, the most recent advancements in PEO/polymer composite coatings are reviewed, and the biocompatibility of such coatings is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Fattah-alhosseini
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
- Correspondence: (A.F.-a.); (M.K.)
| | - Razieh Chaharmahali
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
| | - Armin Rajabi
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Kazem Babaei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65178-38695, Iran
| | - Mosab Kaseem
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.F.-a.); (M.K.)
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Biocompatibility and Biological Performance of Additive-Manufactured Bioabsorbable Iron-Based Porous Interference Screws in a Rabbit Model: A 1-Year Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314626. [PMID: 36498952 PMCID: PMC9740248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the mid-term (12-month) biomechanical, biocompatibility, and biological performance of additive-manufactured bioabsorbable iron-based interference screws (ISs). Two bioabsorbable iron IS types-manufactured using pure iron powder (iron_IS) and using pure iron powder with 0.2 wt% tricalcium phosphate (TCP_IS)-were compared with conventional metallic IS (control) using in vitro biocompatibility and degradation analyses and an in vivo animal study. The in vitro ultimate failure strength was significantly higher for iron_IS and TCP_IS than for control ISs at 3 months post-operatively; however, the difference between groups were nonsignificant thereafter. Moreover, at 3 months after implantation, iron_IS and TCP_IS increased bone volume fraction, bone surface area fraction, and percent intersection surface; the changes thereafter were nonsignificant. Iron_IS and TCP_IS demonstrated degradation over time with increased implant surface, decreased implant volume, and structure thickness; nevertheless, the analyses of visceral organs and biochemistry demonstrated normal results, except for time-dependent iron deposition in the spleen. Therefore, compared with conventional ISs, bioabsorbable iron-based ISs exhibit higher initial mechanical strength. Although iron-based ISs demonstrate high biocompatibility 12 months after implantation, their corrosive iron products may accumulate in the spleen. Because they demonstrate mechanical superiority along with considerable absorption capability after implantation, iron-based ISs may have potential applications in implantable medical-device development in the future.
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Gambaro S, Nascimento ML, Shekargoftar M, Ravanbakhsh S, Sales V, Paternoster C, Bartosch M, Witte F, Mantovani D. Characterization of a Magnesium Fluoride Conversion Coating on Mg-2Y-1Mn-1Zn Screws for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8245. [PMID: 36431729 PMCID: PMC9692750 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MgF2-coated screws made of a Mg-2Y-1Mn-1Zn alloy, called NOVAMag® fixation screws (biotrics bioimplants AG), were tested in vitro for potential applications as biodegradable implants, and showed a controlled corrosion rate compared to non-coated screws. While previous studies regarding coated Mg-alloys have been carried out on flat sample surfaces, the present work focused on functional materials and final biomedical products. The substrates under study had a complex 3D geometry and a nearly cylindrical-shaped shaft. The corrosion rate of the samples was investigated using an electrochemical setup, especially adjusted to evaluate these types of samples, and thus, helped to improve an already patented coating process. A MgF2/MgO coating in the µm-range was characterized for the first time using complementary techniques. The coated screws revealed a smoother surface than the non-coated ones. Although the cross-section analysis revealed some fissures in the coating structure, the electrochemical studies using Hanks' salt solution demonstrated the effective role of MgF2 in retarding the alloy degradation during the initial stages of corrosion up to 24 h. The values of polarization resistance (Rp) of the coated samples extrapolated from the Nyquist plots were significantly higher than those of the non-coated samples, and impedance increased significantly over time. After 1200 s exposure, the Rp values were 1323 ± 144 Ω.cm2 for the coated samples and 1036 ± 198 Ω.cm2 for the non-coated samples, thus confirming a significant decrease in the degradation rate due to the MgF2 layer. The corrosion rates varied from 0.49 mm/y, at the beginning of the experiment, to 0.26 mm/y after 1200 s, and decreased further to 0.01 mm/y after 24 h. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of the applied MgF2 film in slowing down the corrosion of the bulk material, allowing the magnesium-alloy screws to be competitive as dental and orthopedic solutions for the biodegradable implants market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gambaro
- National Research Council, Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, CNR-ICMATE, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - M. Lucia Nascimento
- Biotrics Bioimplants AG, Ullsteinstrasse 108, 12109 Berlin, Germany
- Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Masoud Shekargoftar
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Samira Ravanbakhsh
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vinicius Sales
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Carlo Paternoster
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marco Bartosch
- Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Witte
- Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Aßmannshauser Straße 4–6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering (CRC-I), Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Regenerative Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Ghahramanzadeh Asl H, Celik-Uzuner S, Uzuner U, Sert Y, Küçükömeroğlu T. The effect of friction stir process on the mechanical, tribological, and biocompatibility properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy as a biomaterial: A pilot study. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:1720-1731. [DOI: 10.1177/09544119221135687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, AZ31B magnesium alloy has been widely employed in automotive, aerospace, and bio implant industries due to its light-weight and biocompatibility properties. However, the equilibrium of ductility and strength of this material and the negativity brought by its poor wear behavior have limited its versatile use. Friction stir processing (FSP) has been commonly used as severe plastic deformation method for improving mechanical and tribological properties of metal sheets. The effect of this method on the biocompatibility of materials is a matter of curiosity that should be emphasized. So, the present study aims to investigate the effect of friction stir process on the mechanical, tribological, and biocompatibility properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy. It is observed that FSP enhanced the tensile properties of the alloy but decreased its elongation. It was determined that the base material exhibited ductile character on the fracture surface of the specimens, and mixed ductile/brittle fracture was evident with the FSP. In the FSP zone, the hardness value was improved by 17% compared to the base material. Also, the wear performance of the alloy enhanced in ambient air and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. Wear properties in SBF solution were better due to less adhesive bonds between the friction surfaces. This assessment was supported by SEM images of the wear path and surface of counter bodies. On the other hand, FSPed AZ31B alloy materials with improved strength properties were not cytotoxic for human gingival fibroblasts, and these results may suggest that the materials are safe for clinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Ghahramanzadeh Asl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selcen Celik-Uzuner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ugur Uzuner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Sert
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Küçükömeroğlu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Alawad MO, Alateyah AI, El-Garaihy WH, BaQais A, Elkatatny S, Kouta H, Kamel M, El-Sanabary S. Optimizing the ECAP Parameters of Biodegradable Mg-Zn-Zr Alloy Based on Experimental, Mathematical Empirical, and Response Surface Methodology. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7719. [PMID: 36363310 PMCID: PMC9657811 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental investigations were conducted on Mg-3Zn-0.6Zr alloy under different ECAP conditions of number of passes, die angles, and processing route types, aimed at investigating the impact of the ECAP parameters on the microstructure evolution, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties to reach optimum performance characteristics. To that end, the response surface methodology (RSM), analysis of variance, second-order regression models, genetic algorithm (GA), and a hybrid RSM-GA were utilized in the experimental study to determine the optimum ECAP processing parameters. All of the anticipated outcomes were within a very small margin of the actual experimental findings, indicating that the regression model was adequate and could be used to predict the optimization of ECAP parameters. According to the results of the experiments, route Bc is the most efficient method for refining grains. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the 4-passes of route Bc via the 120°-die exhibited higher corrosion resistance. Still, the potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the 4-passes of route Bc via the 90°-die demonstrated a better corrosion rate. Furthermore, the highest Vicker's microhardness, yield strength, and tensile strength were also disclosed by four passes of route Bc, whereas the best ductility at fracture was demonstrated by two passes of route C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed O. Alawad
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I. Alateyah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed H. El-Garaihy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amal BaQais
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally Elkatatny
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Hanan Kouta
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
| | - Mokhtar Kamel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samar El-Sanabary
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
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Monte JP, Fontes A, Pereira GA, Pereira G, Santos BS. Preparation and Characterization of Mg(II) Doped Hydroxyapatite Biocomposites. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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131
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Asaduzzaman Chowdhury M, Helal Hossain MD, Hossain N, Hossen Z, Arefin Kowser M, Masud Rana M. Advances in coatings on Mg alloys and their anti-microbial activity for implant applications. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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132
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Waelti SL, Markart S, Willems EP, Fischer T, Dietrich TJ, Ditchfield M, Matissek C, Krebs T. Radiographic features of magnesium-based bioabsorbable screw resorption in paediatric fractures. Pediatr Radiol 2022; 52:2368-2376. [PMID: 35606529 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-022-05383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resorption of magnesium-based alloy bioabsorbable screws produces hydrogen gas, which can be mistaken as a sign of infection and may affect the physis or fixed bone fragment. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the temporal and spatial occurrence of gas and the occurrence of a breakage of the fixed bone fragment or screw following magnesium screw fixation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radiographs of paediatric patients treated with magnesium screws were retrospectively reviewed. Temporal occurrence and distribution of gas in the bone, the physis and soft tissues, breakage of the screw or fixed bone fragment and joint effusion were assessed. RESULTS One hundred and three radiographs in 35 paediatric patients were reviewed (mean age: 10.6 years). Follow-up ranged from 1 to 730 days. Gas in the bone increases up to week 5, remains constant up to week 16 and then decreases. Gas in soft tissues, intra-articular gas and joint effusions gradually reduce over time. In 1/23 (4.3%) patients with an open physis, gas intrusion into the physis occurred. Breakage of the bone fragment fixated by the screw was observed in 4/35 (11.4%) patients within the first 6 weeks. Screw breakage was observed in 16/35 (45.7%) patients, with a median time to first detection of 300 days. CONCLUSION Gas bubbles in bone and soft tissue are normal findings in the context of screw resorption and should not be confused with soft-tissue infection or osteomyelitis. Gas is rarely visible in the physis. Breakage of the fixed bone fragment and/or screw can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan L Waelti
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Claudiusstrasse 6, 9006, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Markart
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, Claudiusstrasse 6, 9006, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Erik P Willems
- Clinical Trials Unit, Biostatistics, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tim Fischer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tobias J Dietrich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ditchfield
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Children's Hospital, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
| | - Christoph Matissek
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Krebs
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Effect of pH fluctuations on the biodegradability of nanocomposite Mg-alloy in simulated bodily fluids. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAccording to the National Institute of Health, the biodegradability, non-toxic nature, and remarkable natural and mechanical properties of magnesium and its components make them desirable choices for use in the production of supplies for biomedical implantation. Simulated bodily fluid (SBF) is used as a standard electrolyte for in vitro corrosion research. Each SBF module's independent and synergistic corrosion effects are studied in this study. Artificial pH variations increase degradation, according to the results. This experiment examined the Mg corrosion submerged in a SBF solution. The effect of pH changes on the rate of corrosion of Mg immersed in standard SBF solution was investigated. According to the previously published study, the corrosion process of Mg has been confirmed by scanning electron microscopy observations of damaged surface morphology. Because of these investigations, pH 7 was selected as the pH for bodily fluids since it is neutral.
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Shinmura K, Demura S, Kato S, Yokogawa N, Handa M, Annen R, Kobayashi M, Yamada Y, Nagatani S, Murakami H, Tsuchiya H. A Modified Spinal Reconstruction Method Reduces Instrumentation Failure in Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Spinal Tumors. Spine Surg Relat Res 2022; 7:60-65. [PMID: 36819620 PMCID: PMC9931410 DOI: 10.22603/ssrr.2022-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long-term spinal stability after total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is challenging. The aim of this study was to examine whether the new method could reduce the incidence of instrumentation failure (IF). Methods We retrospectively compared 116 patients with spinal tumors who underwent TES between 2010 and 2019 and were followed up for >1 year. IF, cage subsidence, and complications were evaluated. Propensity score matching between conventional and new method groups was performed for age, sex, body mass index, preoperative radiotherapy, number of resected vertebrae, number of instrumented vertebrae, tumor level, and follow-up period. There were 25 cases each in the conventional and new method groups. The conventional method used a titanium mesh cage for anterior reconstruction and 5.5-mm-diameter titanium alloy rods for posterior fixation. The new method used a more robust cage for anterior reconstruction, bone grafting was performed around the cage, and 6.0-mm-diameter cobalt chromium rods were used for posterior fixation. We compared the incidence of IF and cage subsidence after TES between the conventional and new method groups. Results While 5 out of 25 patients (20.0%) in the conventional method group experienced IF, none from the new method group experienced IF. Three-year implant survival rates were 87.3% in the conventional and 100% in the new method groups. The new method group had a significantly higher implant survival rate (p<0.01). Cage subsidence was observed in 11 of 25 (44/0%) patients in the conventional method and 1 of 25 (4.0%; significantly lower, p<0.05) in the new method group. Conclusions The new reconstruction method significantly reduced IF incidence in patients with TES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Shinmura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Demura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yokogawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Handa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ryohei Annen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Motoya Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagatani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Murakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Maqsood MF, Raza MA, Rehman ZU, Tayyeb A, Makhdoom MA, Ghafoor F, Latif U, Khan MF. Role of Solvent Used in Development of Graphene Oxide Coating on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy: Corrosion Behavior and Biocompatibility Analysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213745. [PMID: 36364520 PMCID: PMC9654966 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical applications of bio-absorbable magnesium (Mg) and its alloys can be enhanced by increasing their corrosion resistance, using surface modification and functionality. In this study, we synthesized graphene oxide (GO) through improved Hummers' method and deposited it on biodegradable AZ31B Mg alloy for further characterization. Different suspensions of GO were prepared in various solvents, like deionized water, ethanol, and acetone by ultra-sonication. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was used to develop GO coatings on AZ31B Mg using different GO suspensions. Effect of various solvents on corrosion behavior, as well as in vitro biocompatibility, was studied. The optimized EPD parameters were 3 volts and 90 s for coating. Different characterization techniques were used to study GO and prepared coatings. Atomic force microscopy found that the average thickness of GO was ~1 nm. Electrochemical behavior of coatings was studied through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel analysis in Ringer's lactate solution. Tafel analysis revealed that GO coatings deposited by GO water suspension increased corrosion protection efficiency of AZ31B Mg alloy by ~94%. After 72 h incubation in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells extract, in vitro analysis was performed to determine the cell viability and biocompatibility of the GO- coated and bare Mg samples. GO coatings deposited by GO water suspension demonstrated ~2× cell viability, as well as nontoxicity and better biocompatibility compared to the bare and other GO-coated Mg samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faheem Maqsood
- Institute of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, 209- Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Mohsin Ali Raza
- Institute of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zaeem Ur Rehman
- Institute of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Asima Tayyeb
- School of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif Makhdoom
- Institute of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Ghafoor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, 209- Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Umar Latif
- Institute of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sejong University, 209- Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
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Smith M, Roberts M, Al-Kassas R. Implantable drug delivery systems for the treatment of osteomyelitis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:511-527. [PMID: 36222433 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2135729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone tissue and bone marrow which is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the infection causing pathogens associated. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main bacteria that causes this infection, which has a broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance making it extremely difficult to treat. Conventional metal implants used in orthopaedic applications often have the drawback of implant induced osteomyelitis as well as the requirement of a second surgery to remove the implant once it is no longer required. Recently, attention has been focused on the design and fabrication of biodegradable implants for the treatment of bone infection. The main benefit of biodegradable implants over polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) based non-degradable systems is that they do not require a second surgery for removal and so making degradable implants safer and easier to use. The main purpose of a biodegradable implant is to provide the necessary support and conductivity to allow the bone to regenerate whilst themselves degrading at a rate that is compatible with the rate of formation of new bone. They must be highly biocompatible to ensure there is no inflammation or irritation within the surrounding tissue. During this review, the latest research into antibiotic loaded biodegradable implants will be explored. Their benefits and drawbacks will be compared with those non-degradable PMMA beads, which is the stable material used within antibiotic loaded implants. Biodegradable implants most frequently used are based on biodegradable natural and synthetic polymers. Implants can take the form of many different structures; the most commonly fabricated structure is a scaffold. Other structures that will be explored within this review are hydrogels, nanoparticles and surface coatings, all with their own benefits/drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Matthew Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Raida Al-Kassas
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
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137
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Zhou Y, Zhang K, Liang Y, Cheng J, Dai Y. Selective Laser Melted Magnesium Alloys: Fabrication, Microstructure and Property. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7049. [PMID: 36295117 PMCID: PMC9605101 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the lightest metal structural material, magnesium and its alloys have the characteristics of low density, high specific strength and good biocompatibility, which gives magnesium alloys broad application prospects in fields of biomedicine, transportation, and aerospace. Laser selective melting technology has the advantages of manufacturing complex structural parts, high precision and high degree of freedom. However, due to some disadvantages of magnesium alloy, such as low boiling point and high vapor pressure, the application of it in laser selective melting was relatively undeveloped compared with other alloys. In this paper, the fabrication, microstructure, mechanical performance and corrosion resistance property of magnesium alloys were summarized, and the potential applications and the development direction of selective laser melting magnesium alloys in the future are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Hunan Industry Polytechnic, Changsha 410208, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Automotive Engineering, Hunan Industry Polytechnic, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yaru Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Yilong Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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Bazhenov V, Li A, Tavolzhanskii S, Bazlov A, Tabachkova N, Koltygin A, Komissarov A, Shin KS. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Extruded Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) Biodegradable Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6849. [PMID: 36234190 PMCID: PMC9572374 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are attractive candidates for use as temporary fixation devices in osteosynthesis because they have a density and Young's modulus similar to those of cortical bone. One of the main requirements for biodegradable implants is its substitution by tissues during the healing process. In this article, the Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) alloys were investigated that potentially can increase the bone growth rate by release of Ga ions during the degradation process. Previously, the effectiveness of Ga ions on bone tissue regeneration has been proved by clinical tests. This work is the first systematic study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Y alloys containing Ga as an additional major alloying element prepared by the hot-extrusion process. The microstructure and phase composition of the Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) alloys in as-cast, heat-treated, and extruded conditions were analyzed. In addition, it was shown that the use of hot extrusion produces Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) alloys with favorable mechanical properties. The tensile yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation at fracture of the MgZn4Ga4 alloy extruded at 150 °C were 256 MPa, 343 MPa, and 14.2%, respectively. Overall, MgZn4Ga4 alloy is a perspective for applications in implants for osteosynthesis with improved bone regeneration ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viacheslav Bazhenov
- Casting Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Li
- Laboratory of Hybrid Nanostructured Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav Tavolzhanskii
- Casting Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Bazlov
- Laboratory of Advanced Green Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Tabachkova
- Department of Materials Science of Semiconductors and Dielectrics, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Fianit Laboratory, Laser Materials and Technology Research Center at GPI, Prokhorov General Physics Institute RAS, Vavilov st. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Koltygin
- Casting Department, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Komissarov
- Laboratory of Hybrid Nanostructured Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Bioresorption and Bioresistance, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya 20/1, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kwang Seon Shin
- Laboratory of Medical Bioresorption and Bioresistance, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya 20/1, 127473 Moscow, Russia
- Magnesium Technology Innovation Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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139
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Kee CC, Ng K, Ang BC, Metselaar HSC. Synthesis, characterization and in-vitro biocompatibility of electrophoretic deposited europium-doped calcium silicate on titanium substrate. Ann Ital Chir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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140
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Moreno J, Merlo JL, Renno AC, Canizo J, Buchelly F, Pastore JI, Katunar MR, Cere S. In vitro characterization of anodized magnesium alloy as a potential biodegradable material for biomedical applications. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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141
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Peng Y, Wang J, Dai X, Chen M, Bao Z, Yang X, Xie J, Wang C, Shao J, Han H, Yao K, Gou Z, Ye J. Precisely Tuning the Pore-Wall Surface Composition of Bioceramic Scaffolds Facilitates Angiogenesis and Orbital Bone Defect Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43987-44001. [PMID: 36102779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Orbital bone damage (OBD) may result in severe post-traumatic enophthalmos, craniomaxillofacial deformities, vision loss, and intracranial infections. However, it is still a challenge to fabricate advanced biomaterials that can match the individual anatomical structure and enhance OBD repair in situ. Herein, we aimed to develop a selective surface modification strategy on bioceramic scaffolds and evaluated the effects of inorganic or organic functional coating on angiogenesis and osteogenesis, ectopically and orthotopically in OBD models. It was shown that the low thermal bioactive glass (BG) modification or layer-by-layer assembly of a biomimetic hydrogel (Biogel) could readily integrate into the pore wall of the bioceramic scaffolds. The BG and Biogel modification showed appreciable enhancement in the initial compressive strength (∼30-75%) or structural stability in vivo, respectively. BG modification could enhance by nearly 2-fold the vessel ingrowth, and the osteogenic capacity was also accelerated, accompanied with a mild scaffold biodegradation after 3 months. Meanwhile, the Biogel-modified scaffolds showed enhanced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization through calcium and phosphorus retention. The potential mechanism of the enhanced bone repair was elucidated via vascular and osteogenic cell responses in vitro, and the cell tests indicated that the Biogel and BG functional layers were both beneficial for in vitro osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization on bioceramics. Totally, these findings demonstrated that the bioactive ions or biomolecules could significantly improve the angiogenic and osteogenic capabilities of conventional bioceramics, and the integration of inorganic or organic functional coating in the pore wall is a highly flexible material toolbox that can be tailored directly to improve orbital bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Peng
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xizhe Dai
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Menglu Chen
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhaonan Bao
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianyan Yang
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajun Xie
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ji Shao
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Haijie Han
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhongru Gou
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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142
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Dutta S, Khan R, Prakash NS, Gupta S, Ghosh D, Nandi SK, Roy M. In Vitro Degradation and In Vivo Biocompatibility of Strontium-Doped Magnesium Phosphate-Reinforced Magnesium Composites. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4236-4248. [PMID: 36153956 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium is projected for use as a degradable orthopedic biomaterial. However, its fast degradation in physiological media is considered as a significant challenge for its successful clinical applications. Bioactive reinforcements containing Mg-based composites constitute one of the promising approaches for developing degradable metallic implants because of their adjustable mechanical behaviors, corrosion resistance, and biological response. Strontium is a trace element known for its role in enhancing osteoblast activity. In this study, bioactive SrO-doped magnesium phosphate (MgP)-reinforced Mg composites containing 1, 3, and 5 wt % MgP were developed through the casting route. The influence of the SrO-doped MgP reinforcement on degradation behaviors of the composites along with its cell-material interactions and in vivo biocompatibility was investigated. The wt % and distribution of MgP particles significantly improved the mechanical properties of the composite. HBSS immersion study indicated the least corrosion rate (0.56 ± 0.038 mmpy) for the Mg-3MgP composite. The higher corrosion resistance of Mg-3MgP leads to a controlled release of Sr-containing bioactive reinforcement, which eventually enhanced the cytotoxicity as measured using MG-63 cell-material interactions. The in vivo biocompatibility of the composite was evaluated using the rabbit femur defect model. Micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analysis supported the fact that Mg-3MgP maintained its structural integrity and enhanced osteogenesis (50.36 ± 2.03%) after 2 months of implantation. The results indicated that the Mg-MgP composite could be used as a degradable internal fracture fixation device material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Dutta
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Rabiul Khan
- Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India
| | - N Surya Prakash
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Debaki Ghosh
- Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India
| | - Samit K Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India
| | - Mangal Roy
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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143
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Rajendran R, Dondapati S. Insights of Microstructural Features and Their Effect on Degradation and the In Vitro Bioactivity Response of as-Cast Mg-Sn Alloys for Orthopedic Implant Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6327. [PMID: 36143640 PMCID: PMC9500764 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on a deep understanding of microstructural evolution and phase formation in a binary Mg-Sn alloy system. Mg-xSn (x = 1, 5, 10 wt.%) alloys were cast using a squeeze casting technique. Phase identification and microstructural analysis were done using XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and FESEM with EDS (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), respectively. The mechanical behavior of the alloys under study was evaluated by conducting a compression test. The corrosion behavior of all the alloys were intricately studied using electrochemical corrosion tests and an immersion test in the simulated body fluid (SBF) environment for different immersion periods. The bioactivity response of Mg-Sn alloys systems under this study was investigated by immersing the samples in SBF for 14 days. From the analysis of the results, it was understood that the amount of Sn addition has a large influence on the metallurgical, corrosion, and bioactivity properties. Interesting facts about the intermetallic phase formation and segregation of Sn were observed when the wt.% of Sn was varied in the alloy and the evolution of the microstructure was described clearly. Mechanical properties of Mg-Sn alloys were improved, as the Sn content increased up to 5 wt.% and declined in the case of a 10 wt.% Sn addition. A similar trend was observed even in the case of corrosion resistance and bioactivity properties. Among the alloy compositions studied, Mg with a 5 wt.% addition has proved to be a promising candidate material for orthopedic implant applications with an acceptable elastic modulus, higher corrosion resistance, and an excellent bioactive response.
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144
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Wang L, He J, Yu J, Arthanari S, Lee H, Zhang H, Lu L, Huang G, Xing B, Wang H, Shin KS. Review: Degradable Magnesium Corrosion Control for Implant Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6197. [PMID: 36143507 PMCID: PMC9504397 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have received increasing interest in the past two decades as biomaterials due to their excellent biological compatibility. However, the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys is relativity low which limits their usage in degradable implant applications, and controlling the corrosion resistance is the key to solving this problem. This review discusses the relative corrosion mechanisms, including pitting, filiform, high temperature, stress corrosion, etc., of Mg alloys. Various approaches like purification (Fe, Ni, Cu, etc.), micro-alloying (adding Zn, Mn, Ca, RE elements, and so on), grain refinement (severe plastic deformation, SPD, etc.), and surface modifications (various coating methods) to control corrosion and biological performance are summarized. Moreover, the in vivo implantations of Mg alloy vascular stents and the issues that have emerged based on the reports in recent years are introduced. It is recommended that corrosion mechanisms should be further investigated as there is no method that can remove all the impurities and a new purification approach needs to be developed. The concentration of micro-alloy elements should be carefully controlled to avoid superfluous compounds. Developing new continuous SPD methods to achieve fine-grained Mg alloys with a large size scale is necessary. The development of a multifunctional coating could also be considered in controlling the Mg degradation rate. Moreover, the research trends and challenges in the future of Mg biomaterials are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center of Industrial Big-Data Co. Ltd., National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology, Chongqing 400707, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianzhong He
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jiawen Yu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Srinivasan Arthanari
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Huseung Lee
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Precision Machining of Difficult-to-Cut Material, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Guangsheng Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys, College of Materials Science & Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bin Xing
- Chongqing Innovation Center of Industrial Big-Data Co. Ltd., National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology, Chongqing 400707, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Kwang-Seon Shin
- Magnesium Technology Innovation Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 881416, Korea
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145
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Ahmadi H, Ghamsarizade R, Haddadi-Asl V, Eivaz Mohammadloo H, Ramezanzadeh B. Designing a novel bio-compatible hydroxyapatite (HA)/hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ)-inbuilt polyvinylalcohol (PVA) composite coatings on Mg AZ31 implants via electrospinning and immersion protocols: smart anti-corrosion and anti-bacterial properties reinforcements. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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146
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Lee SH, Jeon S, Qu X, Kang MS, Lee JH, Han DW, Hong SW. Ternary MXene-loaded PLCL/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds that promote spontaneous osteogenic differentiation. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:38. [PMID: 36029392 PMCID: PMC9420163 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Conventional bioinert bone grafts often have led to failure in osseointegration due to low bioactivity, thus much effort has been made up to date to find alternatives. Recently, MXene nanoparticles (NPs) have shown prominent results as a rising material by possessing an osteogenic potential to facilitate the bioactivity of bone grafts or scaffolds, which can be attributed to the unique repeating atomic structure of two carbon layers existing between three titanium layers. In this study, we produced MXene NPs-integrated the ternary nanofibrous matrices of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone, PLCL) and collagen (Col) decorated with MXene NPs (i.e., PLCL/Col/MXene), as novel scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, via electrospinning to explore the potential benefits for the spontaneous osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. The cultured cells on the physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous PLCL/Col/MXene-based materials revealed favorable interactions with the supportive matrices, highly suitable for the growth and survival of preosteoblasts. Furthermore, the combinatorial ternary material system of the PLCL/Col/MXene nanofibers obviously promoted spontaneous osteodifferentiation with positive cellular responses by providing effective microenvironments for osteogenesis. Therefore, our results suggest that the unprecedented biofunctional advantages of the MXene-integrated PLCL/Col nanofibrous matrices can be expanded to a wide range of strategies for the development of effective scaffolds in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyun Lee
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangheon Jeon
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoxiao Qu
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Daan Korea Corporation, Seoul, 06252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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147
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Li Q, Yang Q, Liu X, Liang W, Zhang X, Wang Y. Effect and mechanism of a novel Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:829-837. [PMID: 35977627 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221121880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect and mechanism of a novel Mg-3Nd-1Gd-0.3Sr-0.2Zn-0.4Zr (abbreviated to Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr) alloy on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells extracted from Sprague-Dawley rats. Cultured cells were divided into five groups: a control group cultured in osteogenic induction medium alone without Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy extract, and four experimental groups cultured in the same medium with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy extracts, respectively. After 14 days of culture, ALP activity was determined and expressions of osteogenesis-related factors Runx2, OCN, and OPN at the mRNA level and Runx2, OCN, and OPN at the protein level were detected by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. After 21 days of culture, mineralized nodules were detected by alizarin red staining. The results showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague-Dawley rats were successfully isolated in vitro using the whole bone marrow adherence method. Flow cytometry revealed that the cells expressed high levels of CD44 and CD90, but low levels of CD31 and CD45. Alizarin red staining indicated the formation of mineralized nodules in all five groups. Compared with the control group, the number of mineralized nodules was increased significantly in the four experimental groups (p < 0.05). The ALP activity in each group was significantly higher on day 14 than on day 7, and was significantly higher in the four experimental groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ALP activity was highest when the concentration of Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy extract was 75% (p < 0.05). RT-PCR results showed that, compared with the control group, the mRNA expression of Runx2, OPN, and OCN was significantly higher in the four experimental groups (p < 0.05), and the highest mRNA expression of Runx2, OPN, and OCN was observed in the 75% experimental group (p < 0.05). Western blotting showed that Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy extract significantly increased the protein expression of Runx2, OCN, and OPN compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Our data indicate that the novel Mg-Nd-Gd-Sr alloy can promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats. During this process, there is an increase in the expressions of Runx2, OPN, and OCN mRNAs and Runx2, OCN, and OPN proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, 117741the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, 117741the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, 12426Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory, the Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, 117741the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 117741the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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148
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Adam R, Antoniac I, Negoiță S, Moldovan C, Rusu E, Orban C, Tudorache S, Hârșovescu T. In Vivo Study of Local and Systemic Responses to Clinical Use of Mg-1Ca Bioresorbable Orthopedic Implants. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1966. [PMID: 36010316 PMCID: PMC9406976 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Resorbable Mg-based implants represent a new direction in orthopedic surgery but have some drawbacks, such as their rapid biodegradation and increased rate of corrosion. Some in vitro studies hypothesized that tissue necrosis, incision dehiscence, risk of gas embolization in vital organs, interference with coagulation processes, and trophocyte viability impairment can occur. (2) Methods: We conducted an in vivo study on ten rabbit cases, in two groups; group one, consisting of six cases, received cylindrical implants of Mg-1Ca alloy in tibial intramedullary bone tissue. Group two, consisting of four cases, received Mg-1Ca parallelepiped implants, in the thigh muscular tissue. We recorded and compared weight (preoperatively and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively), complete blood count, serum electrolytes, liver and kidney functional markers, and coagulation parameters, prior to and at 6 weeks after surgery. Local evolution was assessed radiologically and with tissue biopsies with complete pathology analysis. (3) Results: All biological markers and clinical evolution were favorable, showing good integration of the implants with none of the local or systemic signs of degradation. (4) Conclusions: Our study shows that the clinical use of Mg-1Ca bioresorbable alloys can be safe as none of the cited local or systemic complications have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan Adam
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of First Aid and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Buchrest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulian Antoniac
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independetei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Negoiță
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Clinical University Emergency Hospital Elias, 17 Marasti Blvd., 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cosmin Moldovan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Buchrest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Witting Clinical Hospital, 010243 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Rusu
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Buchrest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Orban
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Monza Oncology Hospital, 013812 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Tudorache
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu Univesity of Bucharest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tudor Hârșovescu
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu Univesity of Bucharest, 040051 Bucharest, Romania
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149
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Zheng Z, Xu W, Xu Y, Xue Q. Mapping knowledge structure and themes trends of biodegradable Mg-based alloy for orthopedic application: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:940700. [PMID: 36017343 PMCID: PMC9395602 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.940700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since Lambotte and Payr first studied Mg-based alloys for orthopedics in 1900, the research of this field has finally ushered in vigorous development in the 21st century. From the perspective of quantitative analysis, this paper clearly demonstrated the global research trend from 2005 to 2021 by using bibliometrics and scientometric analysis. Methods: We obtained the publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The bibliometric and scientometric analysis was conducted by using R software, CiteSpace software, VOSviewer software, Pajek software and Microsoft Excel program. Results: In total, 1921 publications were retrieved. It can be found that the number of publications is gradually increasing year by year. We can find that the most prolific countrie, institution and researcher are China, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zheng Yufeng, respectively. The most influential journals in this field are Acta Biomaterialia and Biomaterials, with 16,511 and 12,314 total citations, respectively. By conducting the co-cited documents-based clustering analysis, 16 research hotspots and their representative studies have been identified. Besides, by conducting analysis of keywords, we divided the keyword citation bursts representing the development of the field into three stages. Conclusion: The number of researches on the biodegradable Mg-based alloys increased sharply all over the world in the 21st century. China has made significant progress in biodegradable Mg-based alloy research. More focus will be placed on osteogenic differentiation, fabrication, graphene oxide, antibacterial property, bioactive glass and nanocomposite, which may be the next popular topics in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wennan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyun Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyun Xue,
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The Effect of Mn on the Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Behavior of Biodegradable Zn-2%Fe Alloy. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12081291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The attractiveness of Zn-based alloys as structural materials for biodegradable implants mainly relates to their excellent biocompatibility, critical physiological roles in the human body and excellent antibacterial properties. Furthermore, in in vivo conditions, they do not tend to produce hydrogen gas (as occurs in the case of Mg-based alloys) or voluminous oxide (as occurs in Fe-based alloys). However, the main disadvantages of Zn-based alloys are their reduced mechanical properties and their tendency to provoke undesirable fibrous encapsulation due to their relatively high standard reduction potential. The issue of fibrous encapsulation was previously addressed by the authors via the development of the Zn-2%Fe alloy that was selected as the base alloy for this study. This development assumed that the addition of Fe to pure Zn can create a microgalvanic effect between the Delta phase (Zn11Fe) and the Zn-matrix that significantly increases the biodegradation rate of the alloy. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of up to 0.8% Mn on the mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn-2%Fe alloy and to evaluate the corrosion behavior and cytotoxicity performance in in vitro conditions. The selection of Mn as an alloying element is related to its vital role in the synthesis of proteins and the activation of enzyme systems, as well as the fact that Mn is not considered to be a toxic element. Microstructure characterization was carried out by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while phase analysis was obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties were examined in terms of hardness and tensile strength, while corrosion performance and electrochemical behavior were assessed by immersion tests, open circuit potential examination, potentiodynamic polarization analysis and impedance spectroscopy. All the in vitro corrosion testing was performed in a simulated physiological environment in the form of a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. The cytotoxicity performance was evaluated by indirect cell viability analysis, carried out according to the ISO 10993-5/12 standard using Mus musculus 4T1 cells. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the strengthening effect of the biodegradable Zn-2%Fe alloy due to Mn addition. The effect of Mn on in vitro corrosion degradation was insignificant, while in parallel Mn had a favorable effect on indirect cell viability.
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