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Satish G, Sharma A, Gadidasu KK, Vedula RR, Penta S. Synthesis of 4-aryl-2-pyranyl-7,8-dihydroquinolin-5(6H)-ones catalyzed by cerium ammonium nitrate via Hantzsch multicomponent reaction and their antibacterial activity. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1902-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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102
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Zhu J, Cheng Y, Kuang X, Wang L, Zheng Z, Tang Y. Highly Efficient Formal [2+2+2] Strategy for the Rapid Construction of Polycyclic Spiroindolines: A Concise Synthesis of 11‐Demethoxy‐16‐
epi
‐myrtoidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9224-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yu‐Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao‐Kang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhong‐Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
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103
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Sharma KK, Patel DI, Jain R. Metal-free synthesis of N-fused heterocyclic iodides via C-H functionalization mediated by tert-butylhydroperoxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:15129-32. [PMID: 26323719 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04013b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct, regioselective and metal-free synthesis of fused N-heterocyclic iodides is reported. This regioselective C-H functionalization is mediated by tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP), via dual activation of molecular iodine and a heterocyclic substrate, resulting in the in situ generation of electrophilic iodine species (I(+)), and free radical(s) (t)BuO˙ or (t)BuOO˙, driving the iodination reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India.
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104
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Kopa TK, Tane P, Wabo HK, Tala MF, Tchinda AT, Zofou D, Ning-Hua T. Activité antiplasmodiale in vitro des composés isolés des écorces du tronc de Vitex thyrsiflora. CR CHIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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105
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Zhu J, Cheng Y, Kuang X, Wang L, Zheng Z, Tang Y. Highly Efficient Formal [2+2+2] Strategy for the Rapid Construction of Polycyclic Spiroindolines: A Concise Synthesis of 11‐Demethoxy‐16‐
epi
‐myrtoidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yu‐Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao‐Kang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhong‐Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjiny 300072 China
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106
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Bringmann G, Manchala N, Büttner T, Hertlein-Amslinger B, Seupel R. First Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Ancistrocladidine and Ancistrotectorine. Chemistry 2016; 22:9792-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Narasimhulu Manchala
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tobias Büttner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Raina Seupel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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107
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5′-O-Methyldioncophylline D, a 7,8′-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid from callus cultures of Triphyophyllum peltatum, and its biosynthesis from a late-stage tetrahydroisoquinoline precursor. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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108
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Alli LA, Adesokan AA, Salawu AO. Antimalarial activity of fractions of aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica root. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2016; 5:180-5. [PMID: 27104040 PMCID: PMC4835994 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20160331064817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The problem of resistance of malarial parasites to available antimalarial drugs makes the development of new drugs imperative, with natural plant products providing an alternative source for discovering new drugs. AIM To evaluate the antimalarial activity of eluted fractions of Acacia nilotica root extract and determine the phytochemicals responsible for its antimalarial activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract was eluted successively in gradients of solvent mixture (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) in multiples of 100 ml, and each fraction was collected separately. Eluates that showed similar thin layer chromatographic profiles and Rf values were combined to produce 4 main fractions (F-1, F-2, F-3, and F-4), which were tested separately for antimalarial activity using the curative test. Changes in body weight, temperature, and packed cell volume (PCV) were also recorded. RESULTS Fraction F-1 of A. nilotica at 50 and 100 mg/kg b/w produced significant and dose-dependent reduction in parasite count in Plasmodium berghei infected mice compared to the control, and also significantly increased the survival time of the mice compared to the control group. This fraction also ameliorated the malaria-induced anemia by improving PCV in treated mice. CONCLUSION Antimalarial activity of extract of A. nilotica root is probably localized in the F-1 fraction of the extract, which was found to be rich in alkaloids and phenolics. Further study will provide information on the chemical properties of the active metabolites in this fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman Adewale Alli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Abdulfatai Ayoade Adesokan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Oluwakanyinsola Salawu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria
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109
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Xuan TD, Khanh TD. Chemistry and pharmacology of Bidens pilosa: an overview. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016; 46:91-132. [PMID: 32226639 PMCID: PMC7099298 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. is an edible herb and has been traditionally used for a wide range of ailments in many countries. The aim of this review is to present comprehensive information of the chemical constituents, nutraceutical and ethnomedical uses as well as the biological and pharmacological effects and toxicity of this plant based on 218 literary sources reported over 40 years. Major chemical constituents (including 301 compounds) belonging to polyacetylenes, polyacetylene glycosides, flavonoids, flavone glycosides, aurones, chalcones, okanin glycosides, phenolic acids, terpenes, pheophytins, fatty acids and phytosterols have been identified or isolated from the different parts of this plant. Many of them have been considered as the bioactive compounds which are potentially responsible for the pharmacological actions. Various types of preparations, extracts and individual compounds derived from this plant have been found to possess biological and pharmacological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-allergy, anti-hypertensive and smooth muscle relaxant, anti-cancerogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant. The results of data analysis on the chemicals, pharmacological and toxicological characteristics of B. pilosa validate the view of its folk worldwide-medicinal uses. This herb has a great beneficial therapeutic property and is possibly used for complement or alternative to pharmaceutical drugs in some specific cases. However, this herb is known as hyperaccumulator and as-excluder; therefore, harvesting the herb for medicinal uses should be judiciously cautioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Dang Xuan
- 2Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Kayamiyama 1-5-1, Higashihiroshima, 739-8529 Japan
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In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Annona muricata Leaf Extract in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. J Pathog 2016; 2016:3264070. [PMID: 27092277 PMCID: PMC4820626 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3264070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. The choice for the treatment is highly limited due to drug resistance. Hence, finding the new compounds to treat malaria is urgently needed. The present study was attempted to evaluate the antimalarial activity of the Annona muricata aqueous leaf extract in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata was prepared and tested for acute toxicity in mice. For efficacy test in vivo, standard 4-day suppressive test was carried out. ICR mice were inoculated with 107 parasitized erythrocytes of P. berghei ANKA by intraperitoneal injection. The extracts (100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) were then given orally by gavage once a day for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia, percentage of inhibition, and packed cell volume were subsequently calculated. Chloroquine (10 mg/kg) was given to infected mice as positive control while untreated control was given only distilled water. It was found that A. muricata aqueous leaf extract at doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg resulted in dose dependent parasitemia inhibition of 38.03%, 75.25%, and 85.61%, respectively. Survival time was prolonged in infected mice treated with the extract. Moreover, no mortality to mice was observed with this extract up to a dose of 4000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the A. muricata aqueous leaf extract exerted significant antimalarial activity with no toxicity and prolonged survival time. Therefore, this extract might contain potential lead molecule for the development of a new drug for malaria treatment.
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111
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Saxena A, Yadav D, Mohanty S, Cheema HS, Gupta MM, Darokar MP, Bawankule DU. Diarylheptanoids Rich Fraction of Alnus nepalensis Attenuates Malaria Pathogenesis: In-vitro and In-vivo Study. Phytother Res 2016; 30:940-8. [PMID: 26969854 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Diarylheptanoids from Alnus nepalensis leaves have been reported for promising activity against filariasis, a mosquito-borne disease, and this has prompted us to investigate its anti-malarial and safety profile using in-vitro and in-vivo bioassays. A. nepalensis leaf extracts were tested in-vitro against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 by measuring the parasite specific lactate dehydrogenase activity. Among all, the chloroform extract (ANC) has shown promising anti-plasmodial activity (IC50 8.06 ± 0.26 µg/mL). HPLC analysis of ANC showed the presence of diarylheptanoids. Efficacy and safety of ANC were further validated in in-vivo system using Plasmodium berghei-induced malaria model and acute oral toxicity in mice. Malaria was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of P. berghei infected red blood cells to the female Balb/c mice. ANC was administered orally at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg/day following Peter's 4 day suppression test. Oral administration of ANC showed significant reduction of parasitaemia and increase in mean survival time. It also attributed to inhibition of the parasite induced pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as afford to significant increase in the blood glucose and haemoglobin level when compared with vehicle-treated infected mice. In-vivo safety evaluation study revealed that ANC is non-toxic at higher concentration. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Saxena
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Deepti Yadav
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Shilpa Mohanty
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Harveer Singh Cheema
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Madan M Gupta
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Molecular Bioprospection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
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Egieyeh SA, Syce J, Malan SF, Christoffels A. Prioritization of anti-malarial hits from nature: chemo-informatic profiling of natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities and currently registered anti-malarial drugs. Malar J 2016; 15:50. [PMID: 26823078 PMCID: PMC4731946 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of natural products have shown in vitro antiplasmodial activities. Early identification and prioritization of these natural products with potential for novel mechanism of action, desirable pharmacokinetics and likelihood for development into drugs is advantageous. Chemo-informatic profiling of these natural products were conducted and compared to currently registered anti-malarial drugs (CRAD). METHODS Natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities (NAA) were compiled from various sources. These natural products were sub-divided into four groups based on inhibitory concentration (IC50). Key molecular descriptors and physicochemical properties were computed for these compounds and analysis of variance used to assess statistical significance amongst the sets of compounds. Molecular similarity analysis, estimation of drug-likeness, in silico pharmacokinetic profiling, and exploration of structure-activity landscape were also carried out on these sets of compounds. RESULTS A total of 1040 natural products were selected and a total of 13 molecular descriptors were analysed. Significant differences were observed among the sub-groups of NAA and CRAD for at least 11 of the molecular descriptors, including number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, molecular weight, polar and hydrophobic surface areas, chiral centres, oxygen and nitrogen atoms, and shape index. The remaining molecular descriptors, including clogP, number of rotatable bonds and number of aromatic rings, did not show any significant difference when comparing the two compound sets. Molecular similarity and chemical space analysis identified natural products that were structurally diverse from CRAD. Prediction of the pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness of these natural products identified over 50% with desirable drug-like properties. Nearly 70% of all natural products were identified as potentially promiscuous compounds. Structure-activity landscape analysis highlighted compound pairs that form 'activity cliffs'. In all, prioritization strategies for the NAA were proposed. CONCLUSIONS Chemo-informatic profiling of NAA and CRAD have produced a wealth of information that may guide decisions and facilitate anti-malarial drug development from natural products. Articulation of the information provided within an interactive data-mining environment led to a prioritized list of NAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ayodele Egieyeh
- South African Medial Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa. .,School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - James Syce
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Sarel F Malan
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African Medial Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Coulerie P, Poullain C. New Caledonia: A ' Hot Spot' for Valuable Chemodiversity: Part 2: Basal Angiosperms and Eudicot Rosids. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:18-36. [PMID: 26765350 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The flora of New Caledonia encompasses more than 3000 plant species and almost 80% are endemic. New Caledonia is considered as a 'hot spot' for biodiversity. With the current global loss of biodiversity and the fact that several drugs and pesticides become obsolete, there is an urgent need to increase sampling and research on new natural products. In this context, we review the chemical knowledge available on New Caledonian native flora from economical perspectives. We expect that a better knowledge of the economic potential of plant chemistry will encourage the plantation of native plants for the development of a sustainable economy which will participate in the conservation of biodiversity. In the second part of this review, we focus on the results exposed in 60 scientific articles and describe the identification of 225 original compounds from basal angiosperms and eudicot rosids. We discuss the economic potential of plants and molecules from medicinal and industrial perspectives. This review also highlights several plants and groups, such as Amborella sp., Piperaceae, or Phyllanthaceae, that are unexplored in New Caledonia despite their high chemical interest. Those plants are considered to have priority in future chemical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Coulerie
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Connaissance et Amélioration des Agrosystèmes, BP A5, 98848 Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, (phone: +41-22-3793409).
| | - Cyril Poullain
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Labex LERMIT, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, FR-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex.,Stratoz, 5, Rue de la Baume, FR-75008 Paris
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Digging for new solutions. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 26:289-90. [PMID: 26744582 PMCID: PMC4692294 DOI: 10.1155/2015/971858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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115
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Pérez-Moreno G, Cantizani J, Sánchez-Carrasco P, Ruiz-Pérez LM, Martín J, el Aouad N, Pérez-Victoria I, Tormo JR, González-Menendez V, González I, de Pedro N, Reyes F, Genilloud O, Vicente F, González-Pacanowska D. Discovery of New Compounds Active against Plasmodium falciparum by High Throughput Screening of Microbial Natural Products. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145812. [PMID: 26735308 PMCID: PMC4703298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the low structural diversity within the set of antimalarial drugs currently available in the clinic and the increasing number of cases of resistance, there is an urgent need to find new compounds with novel modes of action to treat the disease. Microbial natural products are characterized by their large diversity provided in terms of the chemical complexity of the compounds and the novelty of structures. Microbial natural products extracts have been underexplored in the search for new antiparasitic drugs and even more so in the discovery of new antimalarials. Our objective was to find new druggable natural products with antimalarial properties from the MEDINA natural products collection, one of the largest natural product libraries harboring more than 130,000 microbial extracts. In this work, we describe the optimization process and the results of a phenotypic high throughput screen (HTS) based on measurements of Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase. A subset of more than 20,000 extracts from the MEDINA microbial products collection has been explored, leading to the discovery of 3 new compounds with antimalarial activity. In addition, we report on the novel antiplasmodial activity of 4 previously described natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiomar Pérez-Moreno
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, 18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Juan Cantizani
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Paula Sánchez-Carrasco
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, 18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Ruiz-Pérez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, 18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Jesús Martín
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Noureddine el Aouad
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - José Rubén Tormo
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Víctor González-Menendez
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Ignacio González
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Nuria de Pedro
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Olga Genilloud
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Francisca Vicente
- Fundación MEDINA, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34.18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Dolores González-Pacanowska
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, 18016-Armilla (Granada), Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ehata MT, Lumpu SN, Munduku CK, Kabangu OK, Cos P, Maes L, Apers S, Vlietinck AJ, Pieters L, Kanyanga RC. Study of Antiparasitic and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous, the 80% Methanol Extract and Its Fractions, and the Acute Toxicity of the Aqueous Extract of <i>Brucea sumatrana</i> (Simaroubaceae) Leaves Collected in Mai-Ndombe, Democratic Republic of Congo. Chin Med 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2016.73011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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117
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Lima RBS, Rocha e Silva LF, Melo MRS, Costa JS, Picanço NS, Lima ES, Vasconcellos MC, Boleti APA, Santos JMP, Amorim RCN, Chaves FCM, Coutinho JP, Tadei WP, Krettli AU, Pohlit AM. In vitro and in vivo anti-malarial activity of plants from the Brazilian Amazon. Malar J 2015; 14:508. [PMID: 26682750 PMCID: PMC4683771 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-malarials quinine and artemisinin were isolated from traditionally used plants (Cinchona spp. and Artemisia annua, respectively). The synthetic quinoline anti-malarials (e.g. chloroquine) and semi-synthetic artemisinin derivatives (e.g. artesunate) were developed based on these natural products. Malaria is endemic to the Amazon region where Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax drug-resistance is of concern. There is an urgent need for new anti-malarials. Traditionally used Amazonian plants may provide new treatments for drug-resistant P. vivax and P. falciparum. Herein, the in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of medicinal plant extracts were investigated. METHODS Sixty-nine extracts from 11 plant species were prepared and screened for in vitro activity against P. falciparum K1 strain and for cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts and two melanoma cell lines. Median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were established against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum W2 clone using monoclonal anti-HRPII (histidine-rich protein II) antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Extracts were evaluated for toxicity against murine macrophages (IC50) and selectivity indices (SI) were determined. Three extracts were also evaluated orally in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. RESULTS High in vitro antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 6.4-9.9 µg/mL) was observed for Andropogon leucostachyus aerial part methanol extracts, Croton cajucara red variety leaf chloroform extracts, Miconia nervosa leaf methanol extracts, and Xylopia amazonica leaf chloroform and branch ethanol extracts. Paullinia cupana branch chloroform extracts and Croton cajucara red variety leaf ethanol extracts were toxic to fibroblasts and or melanoma cells. Xylopia amazonica branch ethanol extracts and Zanthoxylum djalma-batistae branch chloroform extracts were toxic to macrophages (IC50 = 6.9 and 24.7 µg/mL, respectively). Andropogon leucostachyus extracts were the most selective (SI >28.2) and the most active in vivo (at doses of 250 mg/kg, 71% suppression of P. berghei parasitaemia versus untreated controls). CONCLUSIONS Ethnobotanical or ethnopharmacological reports describe the anti-malarial use of these plants or the antiplasmodial activity of congeneric species. No antiplasmodial activity has been demonstrated previously for the extracts of these plants. Seven plants exhibit in vivo and or in vitro anti-malarial potential. Future work should aim to discover the anti-malarial substances present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata B. S. Lima
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 3000, Coroado I, Campus Universitário, Bloco M, Setor Sul, 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,Centro Universitário do Norte, Rua Dez de Julho, 873, Centro, 69010-060 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Rocha e Silva
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 3000, Coroado I, Campus Universitário, Bloco M, Setor Sul, 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,Centro Universitário do Norte, Rua Dez de Julho, 873, Centro, 69010-060 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Marcia R. S. Melo
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Amazonas, Avenida Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, 69065-001 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S. Costa
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Neila S. Picanço
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 3000, Coroado I, Campus Universitário, Bloco M, Setor Sul, 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Emerson S. Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Comendador Alexandre Amorim, 330, Aparecida, 69103-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Marne C. Vasconcellos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Comendador Alexandre Amorim, 330, Aparecida, 69103-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Ana Paula A. Boleti
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Comendador Alexandre Amorim, 330, Aparecida, 69103-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Jakeline M. P. Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Comendador Alexandre Amorim, 330, Aparecida, 69103-000 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C. N. Amorim
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Francisco C. M. Chaves
- Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Rodovia AM-010, Km 29 (Estrada Manaus/Itacoatiara), Caixa Postal 319, 69010-970 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Julia P. Coutinho
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715, Barro Preto, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Wanderli P. Tadei
- Laboratório de Malária e Dengue, Coordenação de Sociedade, Ambiente e Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Antoniana U. Krettli
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715, Barro Preto, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Adrian M. Pohlit
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
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Patel NK, Jaiswal G, Bhutani KK. A review on biological sources, chemistry and pharmacological activities of pinostrobin. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:2017-27. [PMID: 26653796 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1107556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pinostrobin, a dietary bioflavonoid discovered more than 6 decades ago in the heart-wood of pine (Pinus strobus), has depicted many pharmacological activities including anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-leukaemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-aromatase activities. It is an inhibitor of sodium channel and Ca(2+) signalling pathways and also inhibits intestinal smooth muscle contractions. In spite of the fact that pinostrobin has an application as functional foods, till-to-date no comprehensive review on pinostrobin has been carried out. Hence, the present review deals with the biological sources, chemistry and pharmacological activities of pinostrobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Patel
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
| | - Gaurav Jaiswal
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
| | - Kamlesh K Bhutani
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
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Dolabela MF, Póvoa MM, Brandão GC, Rocha FD, Soares LF, de Paula RC, de Oliveira AB. Aspidosperma species as sources of anti-malarials: uleine is the major anti-malarial indole alkaloid from Aspidosperma parvifolium (Apocynaceae). Malar J 2015; 13 Suppl 1:498. [PMID: 26655827 PMCID: PMC4676157 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several species of the genus Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) are used for the treatment of human malaria in Brazil and other meso- and South American countries. METHODS Ethanol extract from Aspidosperma parvifolium trunk bark was submitted to acid-base extractions leading to alkaloid and neutral fractions. The alkaloid fraction was chromatographed over a silica gel column. Ethanol extract, fractions and uleine were analysed by HPLC-DAD, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-ESI-MicroTOF-MS. The anti-malarial activity was assayed against resistant and sensitive chloroquine Plasmodium falciparum strains by microscopic, [(3)H]-hypoxanthine incorporation and HRPII techniques. Cytotoxicity (CC50) was evaluated against Vero and HepG2 cell lines by the MTT technique; selectivity indexes (SI = CC50/IC50) were calculated. RESULTS The major peak in the HPLC-DAD chromatograms of the ethanol extract, alkaloid and neutral fractions suggested the presence of uleine that was isolated from the alkaloid fraction by column chromatography and was characterized by spectroscopic methods. A total of 15 alkaloids, besides uleine, were identified in the alkaloid fraction by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-ESI-MicroTOF-MS. The ethanol extract from Aspidosperma parvifolium and the neutral fraction were moderately active against P. falciparum strains. The alkaloid fraction and uleine disclosed high anti-malarial activity against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strain (IC50 < 1 µg/mL). The ethanol extract, neutral fraction and uleine showed low cytotoxicity against Vero and HepG2 cell lines (CC50 > 300 µg/mL). The alkaloid fraction showed moderate cytotoxicity to HepG2 cell line (CC50 = 74.4 µg/mL). High SI values (>10) were determined for all samples. CONCLUSION Ethanol extract from Aspidosperma parvifolium trunk bark afforded uleine that is the major constituent of the alkaloid fraction and disclosed a good in vitro anti-malarial activity. Moreover, 15 other indole alkaloids have been identified along with uleine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fâni Dolabela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Marinete Marins Póvoa
- Laboratório de Malária, Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Br-316, Km 7, s/n, B. Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, CEP 67030-000, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Célio Brandão
- Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Dutra Rocha
- Faculdade de Farmácia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 38036-900, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Ferreira Soares
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Renata Cristina de Paula
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Alaíde Braga de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Muthaura CN, Keriko JM, Mutai C, Yenesew A, Gathirwa JW, Irungu BN, Nyangacha R, Mungai GM, Derese S. Antiplasmodial potential of traditional phytotherapy of some remedies used in treatment of malaria in Meru-Tharaka Nithi County of Kenya. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:315-23. [PMID: 26409181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants play a major role in many communities across the world, in the treatment and prevention of disease and the promotion of general health. The aim of the study was to escalate documentation from an earlier study of medicinal plants, traditionally used to combat malaria by the Ameru community of Imenti Forest area and Gatunga in Eastern Region of Kenya, and validate their ethnopharmacological claims by evaluating their antiplasmodial efficacies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out in Meru County at Imenti Forest Game Reserve and in Tharaka Nithi County at Gatunga. Traditional health practitioners (THP) were interviewed with a standard questionnaire to obtain information on medicinal plants traditionally used for management of malaria. Group interviews were also held among THPs and members of the community. The antiplasmodial activities of the crude extracts against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum were determined using the semi-automated micro-dilution technique that measures the ability of the extracts to inhibit the incorporation of (G-3H) hypoxanthine into the malaria parasite. RESULTS Ninety nine (99) species in eighty one (81) genera and forty five (45) families were documented and evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Compositae, Fabaceae, Meliceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae and Verbenaceae had the highest number of species mentioned in treatment of malaria in Meru/Tharaka Nithi study area. Twenty four (24.2%) species showed antiplasmodial efficacy of IC50 ≤ 5 µg/ml and were considered to have potential for isolation of antimalarial compounds. Eight plant (8) species with moderate antiplasmodial activity namely; Cordia africana, Commiphora africana, Elaeodendron buchananii, Gomphocarpus semilunatus, Tarena graveolens, Plectranthus igniarius, Acacia senegal and Ziziphus abyssinica were documented from this region for the first time for the treatment of malaria. The antiplasmodial activity of MeOH root bark extract of Maytenus obtusifolia was very promising (IC50 < 1.9 µg/ml) and this is the first report on traditional use of M. obtusifolia for treatment of malaria and antimalarial activity. CONCLUSIONS The results seem to indicate that ethnopharmacological inquiry used in search for new herbal remedies as predictive and could be used as the basis for search of new active principles. Eight plant (8) species are documented from this region for the first time for the treatment of malaria. This is the first report on traditional use of M. obtusifolia for treatment of malaria and evaluation of its antiplasmodial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Muthaura
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - J M Keriko
- Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - C Mutai
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya; Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 190, 50100 Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Abiy Yenesew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - J W Gathirwa
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - B N Irungu
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Nyangacha
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G M Mungai
- East Africa Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Solomon Derese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
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Chinsembu KC. Plants as antimalarial agents in Sub-Saharan Africa. Acta Trop 2015; 152:32-48. [PMID: 26297798 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the burden of malaria is decreasing, parasite resistance to current antimalarial drugs and resistance to insecticides by vector mosquitoes threaten the prospects of malaria elimination in endemic areas. Corollary, there is a scientific departure to discover new antimalarial agents from nature. Because the two antimalarial drugs quinine and artemisinin were discovered through improved understanding of the indigenous knowledge of plants, bioprospecting Sub-Saharan Africa's enormous plant biodiversity may be a source of new and better drugs to treat malaria. This review analyses the medicinal plants used to manage malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa. Chemical compounds with antiplasmodial activity are described. In the Sub-Saharan African countries cited in this review, hundreds of plants are used as antimalarial remedies. While the number of plant species is not exhaustive, plants used in more than one country probably indicate better antimalarial efficacy and safety. The antiplasmodial data suggest an opportunity for inventing new antimalarial drugs from Sub-Saharan-African flora.
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Pereira NAL, Monteiro Â, Machado M, Gut J, Molins E, Perry MJ, Dourado J, Moreira R, Rosenthal PJ, Prudêncio M, Santos MMM. Enantiopure Indolizinoindolones with in vitro Activity against Blood- and Liver-Stage Malaria Parasites. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:2080-9. [PMID: 26525306 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Malaria continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality to this day, and resistance to drugs like chloroquine has led to an urgent need to discover novel chemical entities aimed at new targets. Here, we report the discovery of a novel class of potential antimalarial compounds containing an indolizinoindolone scaffold. These novel enantiopure indolizinoindolones were synthesized, in good-to-excellent yields and excellent diastereoselectivities, by cyclocondensation reaction of (S)- or (R)-tryptophanol and 2-acyl benzoic acids, followed by intramolecular α-amidoalkylation. Interestingly, we were able to synthesize for the first time 7,13b-cis indolizinoindolones in a two-step route. The novel compounds showed promising activity against erythrocytic stages of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, and liver stages of the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei. In particular, an (S)-tryptophanol-derived isoindolinone was identified as a promising starting scaffold to search for novel antimalarials, combining excellent activity against both stages of the parasite's life cycle with low cytotoxicity and excellent metabolic and chemical stability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno A L Pereira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Monteiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Machado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jiri Gut
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Elies Molins
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola, Spain
| | - M Jesus Perry
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Dourado
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Moreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Philip J Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria M M Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Kumar A, Srivastava AK, Gangwar S, Misra N, Mondal A, Brahmachari G. Combined experimental (FT-IR, UV–visible spectra, NMR) and theoretical studies on the molecular structure, vibrational spectra, HOMO, LUMO, MESP surfaces, reactivity descriptor and molecular docking of Phomarin. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Khunnawutmanotham N, Sahakitpichan P, Chimnoi N, Techasakul S. Divergent Total Syntheses to Azafluoranthene and Dehydroaporphine Alkaloids. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hemberger Y, Zhang G, Brun R, Kaiser M, Bringmann G. Highly antiplasmodial non-natural oxidative products of dioncophylline A: synthesis, absolute configuration, and conformational stability. Chemistry 2015; 21:14507-18. [PMID: 26272344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Four new compounds, the monomeric dioncotetralones A (6 a) and B (6 b) and the dimeric compounds jozimine A3 (7) and jozimine A4 (9), were semi-synthesized from the natural product dioncophylline A (4) and its 5'-O-demethylated derivative (5), respectively, under phenol oxidative reaction conditions. Dioncotetralones A (6 a) and B (6 b) possess an unprecedented Z-configured double bond, in contrast to the classic biaryl axis that is present in the precursor dioncophylline A (4), and an additional stereogenic center at the C2' atom was generated due to the dearomatization. The resulting steric repulsion forced the expected planar double bond into a helical distorted conformation. The homocoupling of 5 yielded compounds 7 and 9, the latter of which is the first sp(3) -sp(2) coupled product of a monomeric naphthylisoquinoline with a reduced one and, thus, contains a newly generated stereogenic center. The full stereostructures of 6 a, 6 b, 7, and 9 were successfully elucidated by the interplay of spectroscopic methods (1D/2D NMR and electronic circular-dichroism spectroscopy) in combination with quantum-chemical calculations. In addition, compounds 6 a and 7 exhibited high antiplasmodial activities with excellent half-maximal inhibitory concentration values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Hemberger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel (Switzerland) and University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel (Switzerland) and University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
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Sonawane DP, Corbett Y, Dhavale DD, Taramelli D, Trombini C, Quintavalla A, Lombardo M. D-Glucose-Derived 1,2,4-Trioxepanes: Synthesis, Conformational Study, and Antimalarial Activity. Org Lett 2015; 17:4074-7. [PMID: 26237035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New enantiomerically pure 1,2,4-trioxepanes 10a,b/11a,b were synthesized from D-glucose. Their conformational behavior was studied by low-temperature NMR and substantiated by DFT calculations. On evaluation of in vitro antimalarial activity, the adamantyl derivative 11b showed IC50 values in the low micromolar range, particularly against the W2 chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.12 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Sonawane
- †Department of Chemistry, Garware Research Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University (formerly University of Pune), Pune 411 007, India
| | - Y Corbett
- ‡Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - D D Dhavale
- †Department of Chemistry, Garware Research Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University (formerly University of Pune), Pune 411 007, India
| | - D Taramelli
- ‡Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - C Trombini
- #Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi, 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Quintavalla
- #Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi, 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Lombardo
- #Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Selmi, 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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Santos SA, Lukens AK, Coelho L, Nogueira F, Wirth DF, Mazitschek R, Moreira R, Paulo A. Exploring the 3-piperidin-4-yl-1H-indole scaffold as a novel antimalarial chemotype. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 102:320-33. [PMID: 26295174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-piperidin-4-yl-1H-indoles with building block diversity was synthesized based on a hit derived from an HTS whole-cell screen against Plasmodium falciparum. Thirty-eight compounds were obtained following a three-step synthetic approach and evaluated for anti-parasitic activity. The SAR shows that 3-piperidin-4-yl-1H-indole is intolerant to most N-piperidinyl modifications. Nevertheless, we were able to identify a new compound (10d) with lead-like properties (MW = 305; cLogP = 2.42), showing antimalarial activity against drug-resistant and sensitive strains (EC50 values ∼ 3 μM), selectivity for malaria parasite and no cross-resistance with chloroquine, thus representing a potential new chemotype for further optimization towards novel and affordable antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1640-003 Lisbon, Portugal; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Amanda K Lukens
- The Broad Institute, Infectious Diseases Initiative, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lis Coelho
- UEI Malaria, Centro da Malária e Doenças Tropicais, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, P-1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fátima Nogueira
- UEI Malaria, Centro da Malária e Doenças Tropicais, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, P-1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dyann F Wirth
- The Broad Institute, Infectious Diseases Initiative, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Broad Institute, Infectious Diseases Initiative, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rui Moreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1640-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Paulo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1640-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Muthaura CN, Keriko JM, Mutai C, Yenesew A, Gathirwa JW, Irungu BN, Nyangacha R, Mungai GM, Derese S. Antiplasmodial potential of traditional antimalarial phytotherapy remedies used by the Kwale community of the Kenyan Coast. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 170:148-157. [PMID: 26002768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Kenya, 22 million people are at risk of malaria, 70% of them are in rural areas and most of these people use traditional plant based medicines to treat malaria. The aim of the study was to escalate documentation, from an earlier study of medicinal plants, traditionally used to treat malaria by the Digo community of Kwale County, taking cognizance of their pharmacological information by evaluating their antiplasmodial efficacies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out in Kwale County at Shimba Hills Game Reserve and adjoining part of Kinango. Traditional health practitioners (THP) were interviewed with a standard questionnaire to obtain information on medicinal plants traditionally used for management of malaria. Group interviews were also held among THPs and members of the community. The plant samples collected were tested for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum using the ability of extracts, prepared from the plant species, to inhibit the incorporation of [G-3H] hypoxanthine into the malaria parasites. RESULTS Fifty seven (57) species in forty eight (48) genera and thirty (30) families were documented and evaluated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Rubiaceae families had each about 12% of the plant species reported as antimalarial remedy and represented the species that are most commonly used. Twelve species (21.1%) showed antiplasmodial efficacy of IC50<5µg/ml and these were Boscia salicifolia, Cissampelos mucronata, Clerodendrum myricoides, Commiphora schimperi, Flueggea virosa, Maytenus undata, Maytenus senegalensis, Maytenus putterlickioides, Vernonia amygdalina, Warburgia stuhlmannii, Zanthoxylum chalybeum and Tabernaemontana pachysiphon. CONCLUSIONS These results seem to indicate that ethnopharmacological inquiry used in search for new herbal remedies as predictive and could form the basis of an ethnopharmacopoeia and search for new active principles. This is the first report on traditional use of T. pachysiphon for malaria and its antiplasmodial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Muthaura
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - J M Keriko
- Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - C Mutai
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Yenesew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - J W Gathirwa
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - B N Irungu
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R Nyangacha
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - G M Mungai
- East Africa Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Derese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
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129
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Mekonnen LB. In vivo antimalarial activity of the crude root and fruit extracts of Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) against Plasmodium berghei in mice. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 5:168-73. [PMID: 26151030 PMCID: PMC4488560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbiaceae (Croton macrostachyus H.; bā dòu) is used in Ethiopian folklore medicine for the treatment of malaria, gonorrhea, diabetes, wounds, fungal infections, and helminths. No scientific investigations have been performed to substantiate these claims. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of 80% methanol extract of the fruit and the root of Croton macrostachyus H. in a rodent model of malaria. The rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei was used to inoculate healthy 8-week-old male Swiss albino mice weighing 23-27 g. Each of the hydroalcoholic crude extracts (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg) were administered to different groups of mice. The parameters of parasitemia, survival time, body weight, temperature, and packed cell volume were determined using Peter's test and Rane's test. Both extracts significantly inhibited parasitemia and increased survival time in infected mice. Maximum suppression and prolongation were obtained at the highest doses used in the study. The crude extracts prevented loss of weight and temperature, but did not affect the packed cell volume. This study suggests that the root and fruit extracts of the plant both have promising antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei in a dose-dependent manner, which supports the folkloric use of the plant for treating malaria.
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130
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Mongui A, Pérez-Llanos FJ, Yamamoto MM, Lozano M, Zambrano MM, Del Portillo P, Fernández-Becerra C, Restrepo S, Del Portillo HA, Junca H. Development of a genetic tool for functional screening of anti-malarial bioactive extracts in metagenomic libraries. Malar J 2015; 14:233. [PMID: 26040274 PMCID: PMC4464701 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The chemical treatment of Plasmodium falciparum for human infections is losing efficacy each year due to the rise of resistance. One possible strategy to find novel anti-malarial drugs is to access the largest reservoir of genomic biodiversity source on earth present in metagenomes of environmental microbial communities. Methods A bioluminescent P. falciparum parasite was used to quickly detect shifts in viability of microcultures grown in 96-well plates. A synthetic gene encoding the Dermaseptin 4 peptide was designed and cloned under tight transcriptional control in a large metagenomic insert context (30 kb) to serve as proof-of-principle for the screening platform. Results Decrease in parasite viability consistently correlated with bioluminescence emitted from parasite microcultures, after their exposure to bacterial extracts containing a plasmid or fosmid engineered to encode the Dermaseptin 4 anti-malarial peptide. Conclusions Here, a new technical platform to access the anti-malarial potential in microbial environmental metagenomes has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Mongui
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Francy J Pérez-Llanos
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Marcio M Yamamoto
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Lozano
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Maria M Zambrano
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Patricia Del Portillo
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Carmen Fernández-Becerra
- ICREA at ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr Int Health Res (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Restrepo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Hernando A Del Portillo
- ICREA at ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr Int Health Res (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Howard Junca
- RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution - CorpoGen, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Present Address: Applied Biology Program, Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada-UMNG, Campus Cajicá, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
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131
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Six new 3,4-seco-27-norlanostane triterpenes from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma boninense and their antiplasmodial activity and agonistic activity to LXRβ. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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132
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Zizka A, Thiombiano A, Dressler S, Nacoulma BM, Ouédraogo A, Ouédraogo I, Ouédraogo O, Zizka G, Hahn K, Schmidt M. Traditional plant use in Burkina Faso (West Africa): a national-scale analysis with focus on traditional medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2015; 11:9. [PMID: 25971673 PMCID: PMC4429461 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The West African country of Burkina Faso (BFA) is an example for the enduring importance of traditional plant use today. A large proportion of its 17 million inhabitants lives in rural communities and strongly depends on local plant products for their livelihood. However, literature on traditional plant use is still scarce and a comprehensive analysis for the country is still missing. METHODS In this study we combine the information of a recently published plant checklist with information from ethnobotanical literature for a comprehensive, national scale analysis of plant use in Burkina Faso. We quantify the application of plant species in 10 different use categories, evaluate plant use on a plant family level and use the relative importance index to rank all species in the country according to their usefulness. We focus on traditional medicine and quantify the use of plants as remedy against 22 classes of health disorders, evaluate plant use in traditional medicine on the level of plant families and rank all species used in traditional medicine according to their respective usefulness. RESULTS A total of 1033 species (50%) in Burkina Faso had a documented use. Traditional medicine, human nutrition and animal fodder were the most important use categories. The 12 most common plant families in BFA differed considerably in their usefulness and application. Fabaceae, Poaceae and Malvaceae were the plant families with the most used species. In this study Khaya senegalensis, Adansonia digitata and Diospyros mespiliformis were ranked the top useful plants in BFA. Infections/Infestations, digestive system disorders and genitourinary disorders are the health problems most commonly addressed with medicinal plants. Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Malvaceae and Rubiaceae were the most important plant families in traditional medicine. Tamarindus indica, Vitellaria paradoxa and Adansonia digitata were ranked the most important medicinal plants. CONCLUSIONS The national-scale analysis revealed systematic patterns of traditional plant use throughout BFA. These results are of interest for applied research, as a detailed knowledge of traditional plant use can a) help to communicate conservation needs and b) facilitate future research on drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zizka
- Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, Box 461, SE 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Adjima Thiombiano
- Département de Biologie et Physiologie végétales, Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Stefan Dressler
- Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Blandine Mi Nacoulma
- Département de Biologie et Physiologie végétales, Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Amadé Ouédraogo
- Département de Biologie et Physiologie végétales, Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Issaka Ouédraogo
- Département de Biologie et Physiologie végétales, Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Oumarou Ouédraogo
- Département de Biologie et Physiologie végétales, Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - Georg Zizka
- Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Karen Hahn
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Marco Schmidt
- Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Simultaneous administration of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate and chloroquine reverses chloroquine resistance in malaria parasites. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:2890-2. [PMID: 25691631 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04805-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A nearly complete reversal of chloroquine (CQ) resistance in the CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K-1 strain, with a significant decrease in the mean ± standard deviation (SD) 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) from 1,050 ± 95 nM to 14 ± 2 nM, was achieved in vitro by the simultaneous administration of 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB). The CQ resistance-reversing activity of 2-APB, which showed the same efficacy as verapamil, was also observed in an in vivo mouse infection model with the CQ-resistant Plasmodium chabaudi AS(30CQ) strain.
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134
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Jones RA, Panda SS, Hall CD. Quinine conjugates and quinine analogues as potential antimalarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:335-55. [PMID: 25683799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a tropical disease, prevalent in Southeast Asia and Africa, resulting in over half a million deaths annually; efforts to develop new antimalarial agents are therefore particularly important. Quinine continues to play a role in the fight against malaria, but quinoline derivatives are more widely used. Drugs based on the quinoline scaffold include chloroquine and primaquine, which are able to act against the blood and liver stages of the parasite's life cycle. The purpose of this review is to discuss reported biologically active compounds based on either the quinine or quinoline scaffold that may have enhanced antimalarial activity. The review emphasises hybrid molecules, and covers advances made in the last five years. The review is divided into three sections: modifications to the quinine scaffold, modifications to aminoquinolines and finally metal-containing antimalarial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Jones
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.
| | - Siva S Panda
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - C Dennis Hall
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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135
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Hiben MG, Sibhat GG, Fanta BS, Gebrezgi HD, Tesema SB. Evaluation of Senna singueana leaf extract as an alternative or adjuvant therapy for malaria. J Tradit Complement Med 2015; 6:112-7. [PMID: 26870688 PMCID: PMC4737944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of malarial resistance to most antimalarial drugs is the main factor driving the continued effort to identify/discover new agents for combating the disease. Moreover, the unacceptably high mortality rate in severe malaria has led to the consideration of adjuvant therapies. Senna singueana leaves are traditionally used against malaria and fever. Extracts from the leaves of this plant demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities, which in turn could reduce the severity of malaria. Extracts from the root bark of this plant exhibited antiplasmodial activity; however, the leaves are the more sustainable resource. Thus, S. singueana leaf was selected for in vivo evaluation as a potential alternative or adjuvant therapy for malaria. Using malaria [Plasmodium berghei ANKA, chloroquine (CQ) sensitive]-infected Swiss albino mice of both sexes, 70% ethanol extract of S. singueana leaves (alone and in combination with CQ) was tested for antimalarial activity and adjuvancy potential. The 4-day suppressive test was used to evaluate antimalarial activity. The dose of S. singueana extract administered was safe to mice and exhibited some parasite suppression effect: extract doses of 200 mg/kg/d, 400 mg/kg/d, and 800 mg/kg/d caused 34.54%, 44.52%, and 47.32% parasite suppression, respectively. Concurrent administration of the extract with CQ phosphate at varied dose levels indicated that the percentage of parasite suppression of this combination was higher than administering CQ alone, but less than the sum of the effects of the extract and CQ acting separately. In conclusion, the study indicated that 70% ethanol extract of S. singueana leaf was safe to mice and possessed some parasite suppression effect. Coadministration of the extract with CQ appeared to boost the overall antimalarial effect, indicating that the combination may have a net health benefit if used as an adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Biruk Sintayehu Fanta
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Haile Desta Gebrezgi
- Department of Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Shewaye Belay Tesema
- Department of Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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136
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Schwartz BD, Skinner-Adams TS, Andrews KT, Coster MJ, Edstein MD, MacKenzie D, Charman SA, Koltun M, Blundell S, Campbell A, Pouwer RH, Quinn RJ, Beattie KD, Healy PC, Davis RA. Synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of amide and urea derivatives based on the thiaplakortone A natural product scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1558-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01849d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of amide and urea analogues based on the thiaplakortone A natural product scaffold were synthesised and screened forin vitroantimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D. Schwartz
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | | | | | - Mark J. Coster
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | | | | | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Maria Koltun
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Scott Blundell
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Anna Campbell
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
| | - Rebecca H. Pouwer
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Ronald J. Quinn
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Karren D. Beattie
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Peter C. Healy
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
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137
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Tian L. Using Hairy Roots for Production of Valuable Plant Secondary Metabolites. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 149:275-324. [PMID: 25583225 DOI: 10.1007/10_2014_298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a wide variety of natural products, which are traditionally termed secondary metabolites and, more recently, coined specialized metabolites. While these chemical compounds are employed by plants for interactions with their environment, humans have long since explored and exploited plant secondary metabolites for medicinal and practical uses. Due to the tissue-specific and low-abundance accumulation of these metabolites, alternative means of production in systems other than intact plants are sought after. To this end, hairy root culture presents an excellent platform for producing valuable secondary metabolites. This chapter will focus on several major groups of secondary metabolites that are manufactured by hairy roots established from different plant species. Additionally, the methods for preservations of hairy roots will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA,
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138
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Castro MÁ, Gamito AM, Tangarife-Castaño V, Roa-Linares V, Miguel del Corral JM, Mesa-Arango AC, Betancur-Galvis L, Francesch AM, San Feliciano A. New 1,4-anthracenedione derivatives with fused heterocyclic rings: synthesis and biological evaluation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11726c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New 1,4-anthracenediones bearing fused-heterocycle rings were synthesized and evaluated as cytotoxics, antifungals and antivirals. Some of them showed GI50 at the μM level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Ángeles Castro
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- CIETUS-IBSAL
- Campus Miguel de Unamuno
- Universidad de Salamanca
| | - Ana Ma. Gamito
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- CIETUS-IBSAL
- Campus Miguel de Unamuno
- Universidad de Salamanca
| | - Verónica Tangarife-Castaño
- Grupo de Investigación Dermatológica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Departamento de Medicina Interna
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
| | - Vicky Roa-Linares
- Grupo de Investigación Dermatológica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Departamento de Medicina Interna
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
| | - José Ma. Miguel del Corral
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- CIETUS-IBSAL
- Campus Miguel de Unamuno
- Universidad de Salamanca
| | - Ana C. Mesa-Arango
- Grupo de Investigación Dermatológica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Departamento de Medicina Interna
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
| | - Liliana Betancur-Galvis
- Grupo de Investigación Dermatológica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Departamento de Medicina Interna
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
| | | | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- CIETUS-IBSAL
- Campus Miguel de Unamuno
- Universidad de Salamanca
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139
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Imperatore C, Persico M, Aiello A, Luciano P, Guiso M, Sanasi MF, Taramelli D, Parapini S, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Doménech-Carbó A, Fattorusso C, Menna M. Marine inspired antiplasmodial thiazinoquinones: synthesis, computational studies and electrochemical assays. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09302c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An original approach, starting from marine derived compounds and combining chemical, computational and electrochemical methods, evidenced the thiazinoquinone scaffold as a new chemotype active againstP. falciparum.
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140
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Amelo W, Nagpal P, Makonnen E. Antiplasmodial activity of solvent fractions of methanolic root extract of Dodonaea angustifolia in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:462. [PMID: 25465394 PMCID: PMC4289057 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in the World. The choice for the treatment is highly limited, and several of these may eventually be lost or compromised due to drug resistance. The use of plant medicine in the treatment of malaria and its various presentations is a common practice in many countries of Africa where the disease is mostly endemic. Dodonaea angustifolia is traditionally used in Ethiopia for prophylaxis against malaria. The present study is attempted to evaluate the antimalarial activity of the solvent fractions of root extracts of D. angustifolia in P. berghei infected mice. Methods In this study, 4-days Peter’s suppressive test was used to determine parasite inhibition. Acute toxicity test was also conducted on the most active fraction according to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines 425. Data was analyzed by using Windows SPSS version 16 and expressed as mean ± SD for each dose level. ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Tukey’s HSD was used to compare result between treatment and control groups. Students paired t-test was employed to test significance for the difference between initial and final results within the same group. Results All three fractions showed varying degrees of antiplasmodial activity. The n-butanol fraction displayed a relatively highest suppression of parasitaemia (67.51%) at an oral dose of 600 mg/kg. Lower doses, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, of the fraction also resulted in parasitaemia suppression of 38.02% and 55.85%, respectively. Chemosuppressive activity of chloroform and aqueous fractions was less compared to that of n-butanol fraction. All the three fractions displayed dose dependent significant (P < 0.001) antiplasmodial activity as compared to the control. Survival time was prolonged in case of n-butanol and chloroform fractions. No lethality to mice was seen with n-butanol fraction up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Conclusion All the three fractions possessed significant antiplasmodial activity as compared with the control group. n-butanol fraction was found to be the most active fraction with minimal toxicity and might contain potential lead molecule for the development of a new drug for treatment of malaria.
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141
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de Campos LJ, de Melo EB. Modeling structure–activity relationships of prodiginines with antimalarial activity using GA/MLR and OPS/PLS. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 54:19-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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142
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Bracca ABJ, Heredia DA, Larghi EL, Kaufman TS. Neocryptolepine (Cryprotackieine), A Unique Bioactive Natural Product: Isolation, Synthesis, and Profile of Its Biological Activity. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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143
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Chinwude EI, Roshan K, Swati J, Adeola SO, Martins E. Identification of sitosteryl glucoside palmitate in a chloroform-derived fraction of Phyllanthus niruri with antiplasmodial and peripheral antinociceptive properties. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2013-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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144
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Desgrouas C, Chapus C, Desplans J, Travaille C, Pascual A, Baghdikian B, Ollivier E, Parzy D, Taudon N. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of cepharanthine. Malar J 2014; 13:327. [PMID: 25145413 PMCID: PMC4152577 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New classes of anti-malarial drugs are needed to control the alarming Plasmodium falciparum resistance toward current anti-malarial therapy. The ethnopharmacological approach allows the discovery of original chemical structures from the vegetable biodiversity. Previous studies led to the selection of a bisbenzylisoquinoline, called cepharanthine and isolated from a Cambodian plant: Stephania rotunda. Cepharanthine could exert a mechanism of action different from commonly used drugs. Potential plasmodial targets are reported here. METHODS To study the mechanism of action of cepharanthine, a combined approach using phenotypic and transcriptomic techniques was undertaken. RESULTS Cepharanthine blocked P. falciparum development in ring stage. On a culture of synchronized ring stage, the comparisons of expression profiles showed that the samples treated with 5 μM of cepharanthine (IC90) were significantly closer to the initial controls than to the final ones. After a two-way ANOVA (p-value < 0.05) on the microarray results, 1,141 probes among 9,722 presented a significant differential expression.A gene ontology analysis showed that the Maurer's clefts seem particularly down-regulated by cepharanthine. The analysis of metabolic pathways showed an impact on cell-cell interactions (cytoadherence and rosetting), glycolysis and isoprenoid pathways. Organellar functions, more particularly constituted by apicoplast and mitochondrion, are targeted too. CONCLUSION The blockage at the ring stage by cepharanthine is described for the first time. Transcriptomic approach confirmed that cepharanthine might have a potential innovative antiplasmodial mechanism of action. Thus, cepharanthine might play an ongoing role in the progress on anti-malarial drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Desgrouas
- />UMR-MD3, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Marseille, France
| | - Charles Chapus
- />UMR-MD3, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Jérôme Desplans
- />UMR-MD3, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Marseille, France
| | - Christelle Travaille
- />Trypanosome Cell Biology Unit, CNRS URA2581 and Parasitology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Pascual
- />Département d’Infectiologie de Terrain, Unité de Parasitologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Baghdikian
- />UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, Marseille, France
| | - Evelyne Ollivier
- />UMR-MD3, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Ethnopharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Parzy
- />UMR-MD3, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin CS30064 13385 Marseille cedex 5, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Taudon
- />UMR-MD3, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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145
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Marcelo Der Torossian T, Silva AF, Alves FL, Capurro ML, Miranda A, Vani Xavier O. Highly Potential Antiplasmodial Restricted Peptides. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 85:163-71. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana F. Silva
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas; Universidade Federal do ABC; Santo André Brazil
| | - Flávio L. Alves
- Departamento de Biofísica; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Margareth L. Capurro
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas II; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Antonio Miranda
- Departamento de Biofísica; Universidade Federal de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Oliveira Vani Xavier
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas; Universidade Federal do ABC; Santo André Brazil
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146
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Ashok P, Lathiya H, Murugesan S. Manzamine alkaloids as antileishmanial agents: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:928-36. [PMID: 25023608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is considered as one of the most Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in the world, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis control profoundly depends upon chemotherapy which includes pentavalent antimonials, paromomycin, pentamidine, amphotericin B and miltefosine. Miltefosine is the only oral drug used for the treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis with high cure rate but decrease in susceptibility is observed in countries like India where it is extensively used. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel antileishmanial agents with good potency and better therapeutic profile. Manzamines are unique group of β-carboline alkaloids isolated from marine sponges and exhibited potent antileishmanial activity. In the present study, we described antileishmanial activity, cytotoxicity and structure activity relationship of natural manzamine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penta Ashok
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India.
| | - Hiren Lathiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani 333031, India
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147
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Alves IA, Miranda HM, Soares LA, Randau KP. Simaroubaceae family: botany, chemical composition and biological activities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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148
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Carrasco MP, Newton AS, Gonçalves L, Góis A, Machado M, Gut J, Nogueira F, Hänscheid T, Guedes RC, dos Santos DJVA, Rosenthal PJ, Moreira R. Probing the aurone scaffold against Plasmodium falciparum: design, synthesis and antimalarial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:523-34. [PMID: 24813880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A library comprising 44 diversely substituted aurones derivatives was synthesized by straightforward aldol condensation reactions of benzofuranones and the appropriately substituted benzaldehydes. Microwave enhanced synthesis using palladium catalyzed protocols was introduced as a powerful strategy for extending the chemical space around the aurone scaffold. Additionally, Mannich-base derivatives, containing a 7-aminomethyl-6-hydroxy substitution pattern at ring A, were also prepared. Screening against the chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 strain identified novel aurones with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. The most potent compounds contained a basic moiety, with the ability to accumulate in acidic digestive vacuole of the malaria parasite. However, none of those aurones revealed significant activity against hemozoin formation and falcipain-2, two validated targets expressed during the blood stage of P. falciparum infection and functional in digestive vacuole of the parasite. Overall, this study highlight (i) the usefulness of aurones as platforms for synthetic procedures using palladium catalyzed protocols to rapidly deliver lead compounds for further optimization and (ii) the potential of novel aurone derivatives as promising antimalarial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta P Carrasco
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana S Newton
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Góis
- Unidade de Microbiologia Molecular e Infecção, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Machado
- Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jiri Gut
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Fátima Nogueira
- Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Thomas Hänscheid
- Unidade de Microbiologia Molecular e Infecção, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita C Guedes
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel J V A dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Philip J Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rui Moreira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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149
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Nasomjai P, Arpha K, Sodngam S, Brandt SD. Potential antimalarial derivatives from astraodorol. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 37:1538-45. [PMID: 24748514 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Astraodorol, a major lanostane-type triterpene isolated from the edible mushroom Astraeus odoratus, was subjected to chemical modifications. Ten derivatives have been synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated. Compounds 5, 6, 7a, 7c, 7e, 7f, and 7 g exhibited strong antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 4.85, 4.48, 4.16, 4.46, 3.45, 3.23, and 3.41 µg/mL, respectively. Compounds 7a, 7c, and 7e showed moderate cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 with IC50 values of 23.36, 34.28, and 9.84 µg/mL. Compound 7e demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against KB, MCF-7, and Vero cell lines with IC50 values of 16.94, 49.60, and 26.48 µg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitak Nasomjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand,
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150
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Pimenta LPS, Garcia GM, Gonçalves SGDV, Dionísio BL, Braga EM, Mosqueira VCF. In vivo antimalarial efficacy of acetogenins, alkaloids and flavonoids enriched fractions from Annona crassiflora Mart. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1254-9. [PMID: 24678811 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.900496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Annona crassiflora and Annonaceae plants are known to be used to treat malaria by traditional healers. In this work, the antimalarial efficacy of different fractions of A. crassiflora, particularly acetogenin, alkaloids and flavonoid-rich fractions, was determined in vivo using Plasmodium berghei-infected mice model and toxicity was accessed by brine shrimp assay. The A. crassiflora fractions were administered at doses of 12.5 mg/kg/day in a 4-day test protocol. The results showed that some fractions from woods were rich in acetogenins, alkaloids and terpenes, and other fractions from leaves were rich in alkaloids and flavonoids. The parasitaemia was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) reduced (57-75%) with flavonoid and alkaloid-rich leaf fractions, which also increased mean survival time of mice after treatment. Our results confirm the usage of this plant in folk medicine as an antimalarial remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Pinheiro Santos Pimenta
- a Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte , MG 31270-901 , Brazil
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