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Kumar P, Swagatika S, Dasari S, Tomar RS, Patra AK. Modulation of ruthenium anticancer drugs analogs with tolfenamic acid: Reactivity, biological interactions and growth inhibition of yeast cell. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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102
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Xin L, Liu L, Liu C, Zhou LQ, Zhou Q, Yuan YW, Li SH, Zhang HT. DNA-methylation-mediated silencing of miR-7-5p promotes gastric cancer stem cell invasion via increasing Smo and Hes1. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2643-2654. [PMID: 31517391 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are undifferentiated cancer cells that have self-renewal ability, a high tumorigenic activity, and a multilineage differentiation potential. MicroRNAs play a critical role in regulating gene expression during carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of miR-7 and the mechanism by which it is dysregulated in gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs). The stem cell marker, CD44, was used to sort GCSCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We found that CD44 (+) cells have higher invasiveness and form more number of sphere colonies than CD44 (-) cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the miR-7-5p expression was remarkably downregulated in GCSCs but was significantly increased in the methionine-deprived medium. The downregulation of miR-7-5p results from the increased DNA methylation in the promoter region using the methylation-specific PCR. Overexpression of miR-7-5p reduced the formation of colony and decreased the invasion of GCSCs through targeting Smo and Hes1 and subsequent repressing Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways in vitro. Notably, upregulating miR-7-5p inhibited the growth of tumor in the xenograft model. Hence, these data demonstrated that miR-7-5p represses GCSC invasion through inhibition of Smo and Hes1, which provides a potential therapeutic target of gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Wu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hou-Ting Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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103
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Folate can promote the methionine-dependent reprogramming of glioblastoma cells towards pluripotency. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:596. [PMID: 31395852 PMCID: PMC6687714 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methionine dependency of tumor growth, although not well-understood, is detectable by 11C-methionine positron emission tomography and may contribute to the aggressivity of glioblastomas (GBM) and meningiomas. Cytosolic folate cycle is required for methionine synthesis. Its dysregulation may influence cell reprogramming towards pluripotency. We evaluated methionine-dependent growth of monolayer (ML) cells and stem cell-like tumor spheres (TS) derived from 4 GBM (U251, U87, LN299, T98G) and 1 meningioma (IOMM-LEE) cell lines. Our data showed that for all cell lines studied, exogenous methionine is required for TS formation but not for ML cells proliferation. Furthermore, for GBM cell lines, regardless of the addition of folate cycle substrates (folic acid and formate), the level of 3 folate isoforms, 5-methytetrahydrofolate, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate, and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, were all downregulated in TS relative to ML cells. Unlike GBM cell lines, in IOMM-LEE cells, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate was actually more elevated in TS than ML, and only 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate were downregulated. The functional significance of this variation in folate cycle repression was revealed by the finding that Folic Acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate promote the growth of U251 TS but not IOMM-LEE TS. Transcriptome-wide sequencing of U251 cells revealed that DHFR, SHMT1, and MTHFD1 were downregulated in TS vs ML, in concordance with the low activity cytosolic folate cycle observed in U251 TS. In conclusion, we found that a repressed cytosolic folate cycle underlies the methionine dependency of GBM and meningioma cell lines and that 5-methyltetrahydrofolate is a key metabolic switch for glioblastoma TS formation. The finding that folic acid facilitates TS formation, although requiring further validation in diseased human tissues, incites to investigate whether excessive folate intake could promote cancer stem cells formation in GBM patients.
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104
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Pascale RM, Peitta G, Simile MM, Feo F. Alterations of Methionine Metabolism as Potential Targets for the Prevention and Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060296. [PMID: 31234428 PMCID: PMC6631235 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several researchers have analyzed the alterations of the methionine cycle associated with liver disease to clarify the pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and improve the preventive and the therapeutic approaches to this tumor. Different alterations of the methionine cycle leading to a decrease of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) occur in hepatitis, liver steatosis, liver cirrhosis, and HCC. The reproduction of these changes in MAT1A-KO mice, prone to develop hepatitis and HCC, demonstrates the pathogenetic role of MAT1A gene under-regulation associated with up-regulation of the MAT2A gene (MAT1A:MAT2A switch), encoding the SAM synthesizing enzymes, methyladenosyltransferase I/III (MATI/III) and methyladenosyltransferase II (MATII), respectively. This leads to a rise of MATII, inhibited by the reaction product, with a consequent decrease of SAM synthesis. Attempts to increase the SAM pool by injecting exogenous SAM have beneficial effects in experimental alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocarcinogenesis. Mechanisms involved in hepatocarcinogenesis inhibition by SAM include: (1) antioxidative effects due to inhibition of nitric oxide (NO•) production, a rise in reduced glutathione (GSH) synthesis, stabilization of the DNA repair protein Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APEX1); (2) inhibition of c-myc, H-ras, and K-ras expression, prevention of NF-kB activation, and induction of overexpression of the oncosuppressor PP2A gene; (3) an increase in expression of the ERK inhibitor DUSP1; (4) inhibition of PI3K/AKT expression and down-regulation of C/EBPα and UCA1 gene transcripts; (5) blocking LKB1/AMPK activation; (6) DNA and protein methylation. Different clinical trials have documented curative effects of SAM in alcoholic liver disease. Furthermore, SAM enhances the IFN-α antiviral activity and protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury during hepatectomy in HCC patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, although SAM prevents experimental tumors, it is not curative against already established experimental and human HCCs. The recent observation that the inhibition of MAT2A and MAT2B expression by miRNAs leads to a rise of endogenous SAM and strong inhibition of cancer cell growth could open new perspectives to the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Pascale
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Graziella Peitta
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria M Simile
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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105
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Pokrovsky VS, Chepikova OE, Davydov DZ, Zamyatnin AA, Lukashev AN, Lukasheva EV. Amino Acid Degrading Enzymes and their Application in Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:446-464. [PMID: 28990519 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666171006132729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids are essential components in various biochemical pathways. The deprivation of certain amino acids is an antimetabolite strategy for the treatment of amino acid-dependent cancers which exploits the compromised metabolism of malignant cells. Several studies have focused on the development and preclinical and clinical evaluation of amino acid degrading enzymes, namely L-asparaginase, L-methionine γ-lyase, L-arginine deiminase, L-lysine α-oxidase. Further research into cancer cell metabolism may therefore define possible targets for controlling tumor growth. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to summarize recent progress in the relationship between amino acids metabolism and cancer therapy, with a particular focus on Lasparagine, L-methionine, L-arginine and L-lysine degrading enzymes and their formulations, which have been successfully used in the treatment of several types of cancer. METHODS We carried out a structured search among literature regarding to amino acid degrading enzymes. The main aspects of search were in vitro and in vivo studies, clinical trials concerning application of these enzymes in oncology. RESULTS Most published research are on the subject of L-asparaginase properties and it's use for cancer treatment. L-arginine deiminase has shown promising results in a phase II trial in advanced melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Other enzymes, in particular Lmethionine γ-lyase and L-lysine α-oxidase, were effective in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The findings of this review revealed that therapy based on amino acid depletion may have the potential application for cancer treatment but further clinical investigations are required to provide the efficacy and safety of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim S Pokrovsky
- Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation.,People's Friendship University, Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga E Chepikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Belozersky Institute of Physico- Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Lukashev
- People's Friendship University, Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Lukasheva
- People's Friendship University, Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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106
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Carbone JW, Pasiakos SM. Dietary Protein and Muscle Mass: Translating Science to Application and Health Benefit. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051136. [PMID: 31121843 PMCID: PMC6566799 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate consumption of dietary protein is critical for the maintenance of optimal health during normal growth and aging. The current Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is defined as the minimum amount required to prevent lean body mass loss, but is often misrepresented and misinterpreted as a recommended optimal intake. Over the past two decades, the potential muscle-related benefits achieved by consuming higher-protein diets have become increasingly clear. Despite greater awareness of how higher-protein diets might be advantageous for muscle mass, actual dietary patterns, particularly as they pertain to protein, have remained relatively unchanged in American adults. This lack of change may, in part, result from confusion over the purported detrimental effects of higher-protein diets. This manuscript will highlight common perceptions and benefits of dietary protein on muscle mass, address misperceptions related to higher-protein diets, and comment on the translation of academic advances to real-life application and health benefit. Given the vast research evidence supporting the positive effects of dietary protein intake on optimal health, we encourage critical evaluation of current protein intake recommendations and responsible representation and application of the RDA as a minimum protein requirement rather than one determined to optimally meet the needs of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Carbone
- School of Health Sciences, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA.
| | - Stefan M Pasiakos
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM), Natick, MA 01760, USA.
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107
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Ko W, Lee HS. Development of specific l-methionine sensors by FRET-based protein engineering. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15648-15656. [PMID: 35514845 PMCID: PMC9064335 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are essential nutrients that are not only used as protein building blocks but are also involved in various biochemical processes and in the development of human diseases. Quantitative analysis of amino acids in complex biological samples is an important analytical process used for understanding amino acid biochemistry and diagnosis of human diseases. In this study, a protein sensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was designed for the quantitative analysis of l-Met, in which a fluorescent unnatural amino acid (CouA) and YFP were used as a FRET pair. A natural Met-binding protein (MetQ) was chosen as a sensor protein, and CouA and YFP were incorporated into the protein by genetic code expansion technology and genetic fusion. Among the four sites screened for CouA incorporation into MetQ, R189 was selected as the best site for l-Met sensing. The sensor protein (YFP-MetQ-R189CouA) showed a large FRET signal change (2.7-fold increase) upon l-Met binding. To improve amino acid specificity of the sensor protein, the ligand-binding site was engineered, and the mutant sensor (YFP-MetQ-R189CouA-H88F) with the H88F mutation was identified, which showed no FRET signal change with d-Met and l-Gln at 50 μM concentration and retained the maximum FRET signal change with l-Met. The optimized sensor protein was evaluated for biochemical applications. l-Met concentration in FBS and optical purity in a mixture of d- and l-Met were successfully determined. Because l-Met is biochemically important owing to its involvement in cancer cell growth and autophagy, the sensor protein would be useful for quantitative analysis of l-Met in a complex biological sample. In addition, the design strategy used in this study can be applied to other small molecule-binding proteins for the development of protein sensors for important biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooseok Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea +82-2-705-7893 +82-2-705-7958
| | - Hyun Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea +82-2-705-7893 +82-2-705-7958
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108
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Vsiansky V, Svobodova M, Gumulec J, Cernei N, Sterbova D, Zitka O, Kostrica R, Smilek P, Plzak J, Betka J, Kalfert D, Masarik M, Raudenska M. Prognostic Significance of Serum Free Amino Acids in Head and Neck Cancers. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050428. [PMID: 31075822 PMCID: PMC6562773 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite distinctive advances in the field of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) biomarker discovery, the spectrum of clinically useful prognostic serum biomarkers is limited. As metabolic activities in highly proliferative transformed cells are fundamentally different from those in non-transformed cells, specific shifts in concentration of different metabolites may serve as diagnostic or prognostic markers. Blood amino acids have been identified as promising biomarkers in different cancers before, but little is known about this field in HNSCC. Blood amino acid profiles of 140 HNSCC patients were examined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the prognostic value of amino acid concentrations in serum. Colony forming assay was used to identify the effect of amino acids that were significant in Cox proportional hazards regression models on colony forming ability of FaDu and Detroit 562 cell lines. In the multivariable Cox regression model for overall survival (OS), palliative treatment was associated with an unfavourable prognosis while high serum levels of methionine have had a positive prognostic impact. In the relapse-free survival (RFS) multivariable model, methionine was similarly identified as a positive prognostic factor, along with tumor localization in the oropharynx. Oral cavity localization and primary radio(chemo)therapy treatment strategy have been linked to poorer RFS. 1mM serine was shown to support the forming of colonies in both tested HNSCC cell lines. Effect of methionine was exactly the opposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vit Vsiansky
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Svobodova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Dagmar Sterbova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Rom Kostrica
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Smilek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekarska 53, CZ-656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Plzak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Betka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic.
| | - David Kalfert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University/Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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109
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Lu J, Trabert B, Liao LM, Pfeiffer RM, Michels KA. Dietary intake of nutrients involved in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism and risk for endometrial cancer. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:474-488. [PMID: 30544261 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies disagree as to whether intakes of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism nutrients are associated with endometrial cancer. METHODS Using data from the large, prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, we used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate endometrial cancer risk associated with calorie-adjusted dietary intake of several B vitamins and methionine. All models accounted for age, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking, oral-contraceptive use, menopausal hormone therapy use and caloric intake. We estimated associations by time from baseline (≤3 or >3 years) and stratified models by BMI (<25 or ≥25 kg/m2). During 16 years of follow-up, we identified 2329 endometrial cancer cases among 114 414 participants. RESULTS After adjustment for confounding, we observed increased risk for endometrial cancer with greater consumption of dietary total folate, natural folate, B2, B6 and B12 [hazard ratios (HRs) ranging from 1.14 to 1.24 for the highest quintile (Q5) vs the lowest (Q1)]. Higher intakes of total folate, natural folate, B6 and B12 continued to be associated with increased risk when limiting follow-up to >3 years from baseline. We observed risks for the highest intakes of B2 [Q5 vs Q1: HR 1.27 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.50], B12 (Q5 vs Q1: HR 1.38 CI 1.17-1.63) and methionine (Q5 vs Q1: HR 1.26 CI 1.07-1.48) among women who were overweight/obese, but not among normal/underweight women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that one-carbon metabolism plays a role in endometrial carcinogenesis and exploration of this role in tissue and cellular biology studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kara A Michels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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110
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Bacova R, Klejdus B, Ryant P, Cernei N, Adam V, Huska D. The effects of 5-azacytidine and cadmium on global 5-methylcytosine content and secondary metabolites in the freshwater microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus quadricauda. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:329-342. [PMID: 30506677 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are important mechanisms in the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. Cytosine methylation is one of the major epigenetic modifications, mediated by DNA methyltransferases, which transfer methyl groups from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the fifth carbon of cytosine. Various external environmental conditions can change the global hypo/hypermethylation pattern of DNA. These alterations may affect the organism's response to stress conditions. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the effects of 5-azacytidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, and cadmium, a toxic metal and environmental pollutant, on the growth, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids), SAM, S-adenosylhomocysteine, 5'-methylthioadenosine and global 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in the green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus quadricauda. The studied species showed major differences in 5-mC content, secondary metabolite content, and antioxidant activity. Cadmium increased GSH (glutathione) content in C. reinhardtii by 60% whereas 5-azacytidine did not affect GSH. The biosynthesis of GSH in S. quadricauda in response to the stressors was the opposite. Global 5-mC content of C. reinhardtii was 1%-1.5%, and the content in S. quadricauda was 3.5%. Amount of some investigated methionine cycle metabolites (SAM, S-adenosyl homocysteine [SAH], methionine) in S. quadricauda distinctly exceeded C. reinhardtii as well. However, chlorophylls a and b, carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and, antioxidant activity were significantly higher in C. reinhardtii than S. quadricauda. Therefore, in further studies it would be advisable to verify whether methylation of cytosine affects the expression of genes encoding certain secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Bacova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Klejdus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ryant
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Huska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno, Czech Republic
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111
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Parida S, Sharma D. The power of small changes: Comprehensive analyses of microbial dysbiosis in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:392-405. [PMID: 30981803 PMCID: PMC8769497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Disparate occurrence of breast cancer remains an intriguing question since only a subset of women with known risk factors develop cancer. Recent studies suggest an active role of local and distant microbiota in breast cancer initiation, progression, and overall prognosis. A dysbiotic microbiota predisposes the body to develop cancer by inducing genetic instability, initiating DNA damage and proliferation of the damaged progeny, eliciting favorable immune response, metabolic dysregulation and altered response to therapy. In this review, we present our analyses of the existing datasets and discuss the local dysbiosis observed in breast cancer patients and different aspects of breast carcinogenesis that can be potentially influenced by local breast microbiota. Striking differences between microbial community compositions in breast of cancer patients compared to healthy individuals were noted. Differences in microbiome were also apparent between benign and malignant disease and between nipple aspirate fluid of healthy individuals and breast survivors. We also discuss the identification of distinct bacterial, fungal, viral as well as parasite signatures for breast cancer. These microbes are capable of producing numerous secondary metabolites that can act as signaling mediators effecting breast cancer progression. We review how microbes potentially alter response to therapy affecting drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, anti-tumor effects and toxicity. In conclusion, breast harbors a community of microbes that can communicate with the host cells inducing downstream signaling pathways and modulating various aspects of breast cancer growth and metastatic progression and an improved understanding of microbial dysbiosis can potentially reduce breast cancer risk and improve outcomes of breast cancer patients. The human microbiome, now referred to as, the "forgotten organ" contains a metagenome that is 100-fold more diverse compared to the human genome, thereby, is critically associated with human health [1,2]. With the revelations of the human microbiome project and advent of deep sequencing techniques, a plethora of information has been acquired in recent years. Body sites like stomach, bladder and lungs, once thought to be sterile, are now known to harbor millions of indigenous microbial species. Approximately 80% of the healthy microbiome consists of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes accompanied by Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes and Cyanobacteria [2-7]. The role of microbiome in diabetes, obesity and even neurodegenerative diseases was greatly appreciated in the last decade [1,7-14] and now it has been established that microbiome significantly contributes to many organ specific cancers [1,15,16].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Parida
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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112
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Miousse IR, Tobacyk J, Quick CM, Jamshidi-Parsian A, Skinner CM, Kore R, Melnyk SB, Kutanzi KR, Xia F, Griffin RJ, Koturbash I. Modulation of dietary methionine intake elicits potent, yet distinct, anticancer effects on primary versus metastatic tumors. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:1117-1126. [PMID: 29939201 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine dependency describes the characteristic rapid in vitro death of most tumor cells in the absence of methionine. Combining chemotherapy with dietary methionine deprivation [methionine-deficient diet (MDD)] at tolerable levels has vast potential in tumor treatment; however, it is limited by MDD-induced toxicity during extended deprivation. Recent advances in imaging and irradiation delivery have created the field of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), where fewer large-dose fractions delivered in less time result in increased local-tumor control, which could be maximally synergistic with an MDD short course. Identification of the lowest effective methionine dietary intake not associated with toxicity will further enhance the cancer therapy potential. In this study, we investigated the effects of MDD and methionine-restricted diet (MRD) in primary and metastatic melanoma models in combination with radiotherapy (RT). In vitro, MDD dose-dependently sensitized mouse and human melanoma cell lines to RT. In vivo in mice, MDD substantially potentiated the effects of RT by a significant delay in tumor growth, in comparison with administering MDD or RT alone. The antitumor effects of an MDD/RT approach were due to effects on one-carbon metabolism, resulting in impaired methionine biotransformation via downregulation of Mat2a, which encodes methionine adenosyltransferase 2A. Furthermore, and probably most importantly, MDD and MRD substantially diminished metastatic potential; the antitumor MRD effects were not associated with toxicity to normal tissue. Our findings suggest that modulation of methionine intake holds substantial promise for use with short-course SBRT for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R Miousse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Julia Tobacyk
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Charles M Quick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Charles M Skinner
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Rajshekhar Kore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Stepan B Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kristy R Kutanzi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Fen Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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113
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Grafted hyaluronic acid N-acetyl-l-methionine for targeting of LAT1 receptor: In-silico, synthesis and microscale thermophoresis studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:767-777. [PMID: 30553855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neutral amino acids can be delivered into cells through the l-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1), which is a sodium independent transporter. The LAT1 protein is expressed in different tissues, including kidney, blood brain barrier and intestinal wall hence LAT1 can be used as a target in diseases associated with its overexpression. In-silico interactions between different ligands, including methionine (Met), N-acetyl-l-methionine (AcMet), hyaluronic acid (HA), grafted hyaluronic-acid l-methionine (HA-ADH-Met) and a novel grafted hyaluronic acid-N-acetyl-l-methionine (HA-ADH-AcMet), which are at the active site of the LAT1 transporter, were studied and the binding energies calculated. The HA-ADH-AcMet complex demonstrated binding energy and solvation energy of -74.84 and 81.46 kcal/mol, respectively, thus validating its potential to be synthesized. The structural conformation of the HA-ADH-AcMet was confirmed using 1H NMR, FTIR, DSC and PXRD. Microscale thermophoresis was employed to study the binding affinity between the different ligands and LAT1. The binding affinity was expressed in terms of a dissociation constant (Kd), where that of HA-ADH-AcMet was found to be 408 nM which was considered the strongest among the different ligands tested. HA-ADH-AcMet can be used as a targeting moiety for development of medicines to treat different diseases and processes that express LAT1 protein.
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114
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Chen K, Liu H, Liu Z, Luo S, Patz EF, Moorman PG, Su L, Shen S, Christiani DC, Wei Q. Genetic variants in RUNX3, AMD1 and MSRA in the methionine metabolic pathway and survival in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:621-631. [PMID: 30650190 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal methionine dependence in cancer cells has led to methionine restriction as a potential therapeutic strategy. We hypothesized that genetic variants involved in methionine-metabolic genes are associated with survival in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Therefore, we investigated associations of 16,378 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 97 methionine-metabolic pathway genes with overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients using genotyping data from two published genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. In the single-locus analysis, 1,005 SNPs were significantly associated with NSCLC OS (p < 0.05 and false-positive report probability < 0.2) in the discovery dataset. Three SNPs (RUNX3 rs7553295 G > T, AMD1 rs1279590 G > A and MSRA rs73534533 C > A) were replicated in the validation dataset, and their meta-analysis showed an adjusted hazards ratio [HR] of 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) =0.75-0.89] and pmeta = 2.86 × 10-6 , 0.81 (0.73-0.91) and pmeta = 4.63 × 10-4 , and 0.77 (0.68-0.89) and pmeta = 2.07 × 10-4 , respectively). A genetic score of protective genotypes of these three SNPs revealed an increased OS in a dose-response manner (ptrend < 0.0001). Further expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis showed significant associations between these genotypes and mRNA expression levels. Moreover, differential expression analysis further supported a tumor-suppressive effect of MSRA, with lower mRNA levels in both lung squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001 and < 0.0001, respectively) than in adjacent normal tissues. Additionally, low mutation rates of these three genes indicated the critical roles of these functional SNPs in cancer progression. Taken together, these genetic variants of methionine-metabolic pathway genes may be promising predictors of survival in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Chen
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Zhensheng Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Edward F Patz
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Radiology, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Patricia G Moorman
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Li Su
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Departments of Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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115
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GC-MS Metabolomics Reveals Distinct Profiles of Low- and High-Grade Bladder Cancer Cultured Cells. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9010018. [PMID: 30669322 PMCID: PMC6359170 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that metabolomics can be a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms of carcinogenesis; however, alterations in biochemical pathways that lead to bladder cancer (BC) development have hitherto not been fully investigated. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics was applied to unveil the metabolic alterations between low-grade and high-grade BC cultured cell lines. Multivariable analysis revealed a panel of metabolites responsible for the separation between the two tumorigenic cell lines. Significantly lower levels of fatty acids, including myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids, were found in high-grade versus low-grade BC cells. Furthermore, significantly altered levels of some amino acids were observed between low- and high-grade BC, namely glycine, leucine, methionine, valine, and aspartic acid. This study successfully demonstrated the potential of metabolomic analysis to discriminate BC cells according to tumor aggressiveness. Moreover, these findings suggest that bladder tumorigenic cell lines of different grades disclose distinct metabolic profiles, mainly affecting fatty acid biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism to compensate for higher energetic needs.
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116
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Relationship between Malignant Brain Tumors and Values of Homocysteine, Folic Acid and Vitamin B12. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2018-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Homocysteine (Hcy) has a detrimental influence on human neurons, considering that human GBM cells undergo cell death already at D,L-Hcy concentrations in culture medium of 50 μM. Th is data demonstrate that Hcy is a potent gliotoxic agent capable of inducing the death of human glial cells already at concentrations reached in brain during hyperhomocysteinemia. The one retrospective study found that the serum vitamin B12 level can be used to predict survival time in metastatic cancer patients including neurological cancer. Cancer risk increases with elevated vitamin B12 level, mostly within the first year of the follow-up period, suggesting that vitamin B12 level could be used as a cancer diagnostic marker. In addition, the relationship between elevated vitamin B12 level and poor cancer survival time has been reported. Previous investigation suggests that the folate supplementation could be used as an adjuvant in antiglioma therapy to limit the low DNA methylation level because this confers a poor prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme patients. Taking into account all presented data, it can be concluded that effect of homocystein, folic acid and vitamin B12 on formation, development and outcome of treatment in patients with carcinoma is very intriguing question, whose response requires additional both experimental and clinical research. There lack of data in the literature on the incidence of elevated levels of Hcy in the blood, as well as the disorders of folic acid and vitamin B12, at malignant tumors of the brain.
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117
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Sakandar HA, Hussain R, Kubow S, Sadiq FA, Huang W, Imran M. Sourdough bread: A contemporary cereal fermented product. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Arbab Sakandar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Department Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
- School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Raza Hussain
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Stan Kubow
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, School of Human Nutrition McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | - Weining Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Department Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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118
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Sun J, Zhang J, Guo H, Shi Y, Cheng X, Tang X, Le G. Dietary methionine restriction reduces hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in high-fat-fed mice by promoting H2S production. Food Funct 2019; 10:61-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01629a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction reduces hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in high-fat-fed mice by promoting H2S production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Yanan Wang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Jiahong Zhang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Haitao Guo
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Xiangrong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
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119
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Spallholz JE. Selenomethionine and Methioninase: Selenium Free Radical Anticancer Activity. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1866:199-210. [PMID: 30725417 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8796-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal selenium, was first used to treat cancer as early as 1911 in both humans and mice. Selenium was identified as the toxic component in forage plants of sheep, cattle, and horses in the 1930s. The animal toxicity of selenium compounds was determined to be from the metabolism by animals of the elevated concentrations of Se-methylselenocysteine and selenomethionine in plants. The metabolism of both Se-methylselenocysteine and selenomethionine by animals gives rise to the metabolite, methylselenide (CH3Se-), which if in sufficient concentration oxidizes thiols and generates superoxide and other reactive oxygen species. Cancer cells that may overly express methionine gamma-lyase, or beta-lyase (methioninase), by induced viral genomic expression, are susceptible to free radical-induced apoptosis from selenomethionine or Se-methylselenocysteine supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian E Spallholz
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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120
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Maggi M, Scotti C. Enzymes in Metabolic Anticancer Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1148:173-199. [PMID: 31482500 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7709-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment has greatly improved over the last 50 years, but it remains challenging in several cases. Useful therapeutic targets are normally unique peculiarities of cancer cells that distinguish them from normal cells and that can be tackled with appropriate drugs. It is now known that cell metabolism is rewired during tumorigenesis and metastasis as a consequence of oncogene activation and oncosuppressors inactivation, leading to a new cellular homeostasis typically directed towards anabolism. Because of these modifications, cells can become strongly or absolutely dependent on specific substrates, like sugars, lipids or amino acids. Cancer addictions are a relevant target for therapy, as removal of an essential substrate can lead to their selective cell-cycle arrest or even to cell death, leaving normal cells untouched. Enzymes can act as powerful agents in this respect, as demonstrated by asparaginase, which has been included in the treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia for half a century. In this review, a short outline of cancer addictions will be provided, focusing on the main cancer amino acid dependencies described so far. Therapeutic enzymes which have been already experimented at the clinical level will be discussed, along with novel potential candidates that we propose as new promising molecules. The intrinsic limitations of their present molecular forms, along with molecular engineering solutions to explore, will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Maggi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Claudia Scotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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121
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Seo H, Song J, Kim M, Han DW, Park HJ, Song M. Cordyceps militaris Grown on Germinated Soybean Suppresses KRAS-Driven Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting the RAS/ERK Pathway. Nutrients 2018; 11:E20. [PMID: 30577618 PMCID: PMC6356671 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a commonly used medicinal mushroom containing various therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-cancer activities. This study examined whether Cordyceps militaris on germinated soybeans (GSC) has a suppressive effect on a v-ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-driven colorectal cancer which is notorious for its un-druggable features and the ineffectiveness of conventional therapies against it. GSC extract was prepared and its proximate composition and amino acids were analyzed. The suppressive effects were investigated with the KRAS-driven colorectal cancer cell-line, SW480. SW480 proliferation, clonogenic potential, apoptosis, and the RAS/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway under the GSC treatment were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot, respectively. An in vivo experiment with the SW480 xenograft mouse model was performed. As a result, GSC suppressed cell proliferation by inducing the apoptosis of KRAS-driven colorectal cancer cells and inhibited clonogenic capabilities. The decrease of KRAS and ERK phosphorylation was detected by Western blot. Tumor growth was significantly suppressed when GSC was introduced to the tumor-xenograft mouse model. In conclusion, GSC suppressed KRAS-driven colorectal cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo, and can be used as an alternative or simultaneous approach in colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- HeeJung Seo
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea.
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineeering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Jisu Song
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Department of Electronics & IT Media Engineering, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineeering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Hye-Jin Park
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Gachon University, Kyungji-do 13120, Korea.
| | - Minjung Song
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Division of Bioindustry, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea.
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122
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Walvekar AS, Srinivasan R, Gupta R, Laxman S. Methionine coordinates a hierarchically organized anabolic program enabling proliferation. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:3183-3200. [PMID: 30354837 PMCID: PMC6340205 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-08-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine availability during overall amino acid limitation metabolically reprograms cells to support proliferation, the underlying basis for which remains unclear. Here we construct the organization of this methionine-mediated anabolic program using yeast. Combining comparative transcriptome analysis and biochemical and metabolic flux-based approaches, we discover that methionine rewires overall metabolic outputs by increasing the activity of a key regulatory node. This comprises the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) coupled with reductive biosynthesis, the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)-dependent synthesis of glutamate/glutamine, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP)-dependent transamination capacity. This PPP-GDH-PLP node provides the required cofactors and/or substrates for subsequent rate-limiting reactions in the synthesis of amino acids and therefore nucleotides. These rate-limiting steps in amino acid biosynthesis are also induced in a methionine-dependent manner. This thereby results in a biochemical cascade establishing a hierarchically organized anabolic program. For this methionine-mediated anabolic program to be sustained, cells co-opt a "starvation stress response" regulator, Gcn4p. Collectively, our data suggest a hierarchical metabolic framework explaining how methionine mediates an anabolic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhish S. Walvekar
- Institute for Stem Cell biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR campus, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Rajalakshmi Srinivasan
- Institute for Stem Cell biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR campus, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Institute for Stem Cell biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR campus, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR campus, Bangalore 560065, India
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123
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Qiang L, Cao H, Chen J, Weller SG, Krueger EW, Zhang L, Razidlo GL, McNiven MA. Pancreatic tumor cell metastasis is restricted by MT1-MMP binding protein MTCBP-1. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:317-332. [PMID: 30487181 PMCID: PMC6314558 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201802032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells utilize invadopodia to remodel the surrounding stroma during metastatic invasion. Qiang et al. demonstrate that MTCBP-1 significantly attenuates invadopodia formation and function by binding MT1-MMP and preventing the interaction of MT1-MMP with the actin cytoskeleton. The process by which tumor cells mechanically invade through surrounding stroma into peripheral tissues is an essential component of metastatic dissemination. The directed recruitment of the metalloproteinase MT1-MMP to invadopodia plays a critical role in this invasive process. Here, we provide mechanistic insight into MT1-MMP cytoplasmic tail binding protein 1 (MTCBP-1) with respect to invadopodia formation, matrix remodeling, and invasion by pancreatic tumor cells. MTCBP-1 localizes to invadopodia and interacts with MT1-MMP. We find that this interaction displaces MT1-MMP from invadopodia, thereby attenuating their number and function and reducing the capacity of tumor cells to degrade matrix. Further, we observe an inverse correlation between MTCBP-1 and MT1-MMP expression both in cultured cell lines and human pancreatic tumors. Consistently, MTCBP-1–expressing cells show decreased ability to invade in vitro and metastasize in vivo. These findings implicate MTCBP-1 as an inhibitor of the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hong Cao
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Shaun G Weller
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Eugene W Krueger
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gina L Razidlo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark A McNiven
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN .,Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Genetic regulation of longevity and age-associated diseases through the methionine sulfoxide reductase system. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:1756-1762. [PMID: 30481589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase enzymes are a protective system against biological oxidative stress in aerobic organisms. Modifications to this antioxidant system have been shown to impact the lifespan of several model system organisms. In humans, methionine oxidation of critical proteins and deficiencies in the methionine sulfoxide reductase system have been linked to age-related diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Substrates for methionine sulfoxide reductases have been reviewed multiple times, and are still an active area of discovery. In contrast, less is known about the genetic regulation of methionine sulfoxide reductases. In this review, we discuss studies on the genetic regulation of the methionine sulfoxide reductase system with relevance to longevity and age-related diseases. A better understanding of genetic regulation for methionine sulfoxide reductases may lead to new therapeutic approaches for age-related diseases in the future.
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125
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Raboni S, Revtovich S, Demitri N, Giabbai B, Storici P, Cocconcelli C, Faggiano S, Rosini E, Pollegioni L, Galati S, Buschini A, Morozova E, Kulikova V, Nikulin A, Gabellieri E, Cioni P, Demidkina T, Mozzarelli A. Engineering methionine γ-lyase from Citrobacter freundii for anticancer activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:1260-1270. [PMID: 30268810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methionine deprivation of cancer cells, which are deficient in methionine biosynthesis, has been envisioned as a therapeutic strategy to reduce cancer cell viability. Methionine γ-lyase (MGL), an enzyme that degrades methionine, has been exploited to selectively remove the amino acid from cancer cell environment. In order to increase MGL catalytic activity, we performed sequence and structure conservation analysis of MGLs from various microorganisms. Whereas most of the residues in the active site and at the dimer interface were found to be conserved, residues located in the C-terminal flexible loop, forming a wall of the active site entry channel, were found to be variable. Therefore, we carried out site-saturation mutagenesis at four independent positions of the C-terminal flexible loop, P357, V358, P360 and A366 of MGL from Citrobacter freundii, generating libraries that were screened for activity. Among the active variants, V358Y exhibits a 1.9-fold increase in the catalytic rate and a 3-fold increase in KM, resulting in a catalytic efficiency similar to wild type MGL. V358Y cytotoxic activity was assessed towards a panel of cancer and nonmalignant cell lines and found to exhibit IC50 lower than the wild type. The comparison of the 3D-structure of V358Y MGL with other MGL available structures indicates that the C-terminal loop is either in an open or closed conformation that does not depend on the amino acid at position 358. Nevertheless, mutations at this position allosterically affects catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Raboni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Svetlana Revtovich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Rosini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Serena Galati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Morozova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitalia Kulikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Nikulin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Edi Gabellieri
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cioni
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tatyana Demidkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy.
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126
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Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with the Microbiota. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081747. [PMID: 30110974 PMCID: PMC6121903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The microorganisms that live symbiotically in human beings are increasingly recognized as important players in health and disease. The largest collection of these microorganisms is found in the gastrointestinal tract. Microbial composition reflects both genetic and lifestyle variables of the host. This microbiota is in a dynamic balance with the host, exerting local and distant effects. Microbial perturbation (dysbiosis) could contribute to the risk of developing health problems. Various bacterial genes capable of producing estrogen-metabolizing enzymes have been identified. Accordingly, gut microbiota is capable of modulating estrogen serum levels. Conversely, estrogen-like compounds may promote the proliferation of certain species of bacteria. Therefore, a crosstalk between microbiota and both endogenous hormones and estrogen-like compounds might synergize to provide protection from disease but also to increase the risk of developing hormone-related diseases. Recent research suggests that the microbiota of women with breast cancer differs from that of healthy women, indicating that certain bacteria may be associated with cancer development and with different responses to therapy. In this review, we discuss recent knowledge about the microbiome and breast cancer, identifying specific characteristics of the human microbiome that may serve to develop novel approaches for risk assessment, prevention and treatment for this disease.
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127
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Yang Y, Zhang J, Wu G, Sun J, Wang Y, Guo H, Shi Y, Cheng X, Tang X, Le G. Dietary methionine restriction regulated energy and protein homeostasis by improving thyroid function in high fat diet mice. Food Funct 2018; 9:3718-3731. [PMID: 29978874 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00685g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Methionine-restricted diets (MRD) show an integrated series of beneficial health effects, including improving insulin sensitivity, limiting fat deposition, and decreasing oxidative stress, and inflammation responses. We aimed to explore the systemic responses to a MRD in mice fed with a high fat (HFD) and clarify the possible mechanism. Mice were fed with a control diet (0.86% methionine + 4% fat, CON), HFD (0.86% methionine + 20% fat), or MRD (0.17% methionine + 20% fat) for 22 consecutive weeks. HFD-fed mice showed widespread systemic metabolic disorders and thyroid dysfunction. A MRD significantly increased energy expenditure (e.g. fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism), regulated protein homeostasis, improved gut microbiota functions, prevented thyroid dysfunction, increased plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels, decreased plasma thyroid stimulating hormone levels, increased type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) activity, and up-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of DIO2 and thyroid hormone receptor α1 in the skeletal muscle. These results suggest that a MRD can improve the metabolic disorders induced by a HFD, and especially regulate energy and protein homeostasis likely through improved thyroid function. Thus, reducing methionine intake (e.g. through a vegan diet) may improve metabolic health in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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128
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Pascale RM, Feo CF, Calvisi DF, Feo F. Deregulation of methionine metabolism as determinant of progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:36. [PMID: 30050996 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The under-regulation of liver-specific MAT1A gene codifying for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesizing isozymes MATI/III, and the up-regulation of widely expressed MAT2A, MATII isozyme occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATα1:MATα2 switch strongly contributes to the fall in SAM liver content both in rodent and human liver carcinogenesis. SAM administration to carcinogen-treated animals inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis. The opposite occurs in Mat1a-KO mice, in which chronic SAM deficiency is followed by HCC development. This review focuses upon the changes, induced by the MATα1:MATα2 switch, involved in HCC development. In association with MATα1:MATα2 switch there occurs, in HCC, global DNA hypomethylation, decline of DNA repair, genomic instability, and deregulation of different signaling pathways such as overexpression of c-MYC (avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog), increase of polyamine (PA) synthesis and RAS/ERK (Harvey murine sarcoma virus oncogene homolog/extracellular signal-regulated kinase), IKK/NF-kB (I-k kinase beta/nuclear factor kB), PI3K/AKT, and LKB1/AMPK axes. Furthermore, a decrease in MATα1 expression and SAM level induces HCC cell proliferation and survival. SAM treatment in vivo and enforced MATα1 overexpression or MATα2 inhibition, in cultured HCC cells, prevent these changes. A negative correlation of MATα1:MATα2 and MATI/III:MATII ratios with cell proliferation and genomic instability and a positive correlation with apoptosis and global DNA methylation are present in human HCC. Altogether, these data suggest that the decrease of SAM level and the deregulation of MATs are potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Pascale
- Department of Medical, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudio F Feo
- Department of Medical, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Department of Medical, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Medical, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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129
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Cystathionine β-Synthase in Physiology and Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3205125. [PMID: 30050925 PMCID: PMC6046153 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3205125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) regulates homocysteine metabolism and contributes to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biosynthesis through which it plays multifunctional roles in the regulation of cellular energetics, redox status, DNA methylation, and protein modification. Inactivating mutations in CBS contribute to the pathogenesis of the autosomal recessive disease CBS-deficient homocystinuria. Recent studies demonstrating that CBS promotes colon and ovarian cancer growth in preclinical models highlight a newly identified oncogenic role for CBS. On the contrary, tumor-suppressive effects of CBS have been reported in other cancer types, suggesting context-dependent roles of CBS in tumor growth and progression. Here, we review the physiological functions of CBS, summarize the complexities regarding CBS research in oncology, and discuss the potential of CBS and its key metabolites, including homocysteine and H2S, as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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130
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Wong JWY, Morandini HAE, Dingerkus VLS, Gaber TJ, Runions KC, Rao P, Mahfouda S, Helmbold K, Bubenzer-Busch S, Koenemann R, Stewart RM, Zepf FD. Effects of Dietary Acute Tryptophan Depletion (ATD) on NPY Serum Levels in Healthy Adult Humans Whilst Controlling for Methionine Supply-A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E594. [PMID: 29751614 PMCID: PMC5986474 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous serotonin (5-HT) can influence behaviour and neuropsychiatric disorders. Evidence from animal models suggest that lowered levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) may have similar effects, although it is currently unknown whether decreased central nervous 5-HT impact NPY concentrations. Given that the production of NPY is dependent on the essential amino acid methionine (MET), it is imperative to account for the presence of MET in such investigations. Hence, this study sought to examine the effects of acute tryptophan depletion (ATD; a dietary procedure that temporarily lowers central nervous 5-HT synthesis) on serum concentrations of NPY, whilst using the potential renal acid load indicator (PRAL) to control for levels of MET. In a double-blind repeated measures design, 24 adult humans randomly received an AA-load lacking in TRP (ATD) on one occasion, and a balanced control mixture with TRP (BAL) on a second occasion, both with a PRAL of nearly 47.3 mEq of MET. Blood samples were obtained at 90, 180, and 240 min after each of the AA challenges. ATD, and therefore, diminished substrate availability for brain 5-HT synthesis did not lead to significant changes in serum NPY concentrations over time, compared to BAL, under an acute acidotic stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice W Y Wong
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, 6009 Perth, Australia.
| | - Hugo A E Morandini
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
| | - Vita L S Dingerkus
- Acute Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Triemli Hospital Zürich, CH-8063 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Tilman J Gaber
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Kevin C Runions
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health, 6009 Perth, Australia.
| | - Pradeep Rao
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Triemli Hospital Zürich, CH-8063 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Simone Mahfouda
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
| | - Katrin Helmbold
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sarah Bubenzer-Busch
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rebecca Koenemann
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Richard M Stewart
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
| | - Florian D Zepf
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, 6009 Perth, Australia.
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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131
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Lettieri-Barbato D, Aquilano K. Pushing the Limits of Cancer Therapy: The Nutrient Game. Front Oncol 2018; 8:148. [PMID: 29868472 PMCID: PMC5951973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard cancer treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or their combination, which are generally associated with a multitude of side effects ranging from discomfort to the development of secondary tumors and severe toxicity to multiple systems including immune system. Mounting evidence has highlighted that the fine-tuning of nutrients may selectively sensitize cancer cells to conventional cancer therapies, while simultaneously protecting normal cells from their side effects. Nutrient modulation through diet also improves cancer immunesurveillance in a way that severe immunosuppression could be avoided or even the immune response or immune-based cancer therapies be potentiated also through patient microbiota remodeling. Here, we review recent advances in cancer therapy focusing on the effects of adjuvant dietary interventions (e.g., ketogenic diets, fasting) on the metabolic pathways within cancer cells and tumor environment (e.g., microbiota, immune system, tumor microenvironment) that are involved in cancer progression and resistance as well as cancer cell death. Finally, based on the overall literature data, we designed a nutritional intervention consisting in a plant-based moderate ketogenic diet that could be exploited for future preclinical research in cancer therapy.
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132
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Marcu LG, Moghaddasi L, Bezak E. Imaging of Tumor Characteristics and Molecular Pathways With PET: Developments Over the Last Decade Toward Personalized Cancer Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:1165-1182. [PMID: 29907486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improvements in personalized therapy are made possible by the advances in molecular biology that led to developments in molecular imaging, allowing highly specific in vivo imaging of biological processes. Positron emission tomography (PET) is the most specific and sensitive imaging technique for in vivo molecular targets and pathways, offering quantification and evaluation of functional properties of the targeted anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work is an integrative research review that summarizes and evaluates the accumulated current status of knowledge of recent advances in PET imaging for cancer diagnosis and treatment, concentrating on novel radiotracers and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages in cancer characterization. Medline search was conducted, limited to English publications from 2007 onward. Identified manuscripts were evaluated for most recent developments in PET imaging of cancer hypoxia, angiogenesis, proliferation, and clonogenic cancer stem cells (CSC). RESULTS There is an expansion observed from purely metabolic-based PET imaging toward antibody-based PET to achieve more information on cancer characteristics to identify hypoxia, proangiogenic factors, CSC, and others. 64Cu-ATSM, for example, can be used both as a hypoxia and a CSC marker. CONCLUSIONS Progress in the field of functional imaging will possibly lead to more specific tumor targeting and personalized treatment, increasing tumor control and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Gabriela Marcu
- Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania; Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA, Australia
| | - Leyla Moghaddasi
- GenesisCare, Tennyson Centre, Adelaide SA, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA, Australia.
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133
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Chaturvedi S, Hoffman RM, Bertino JR. Exploiting methionine restriction for cancer treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:170-173. [PMID: 29733806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal cells can synthesize sufficient methionine for growth requirements from homocysteine and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and vitamin B12. However, many cancer-cell types require exogenous methionine for survival and therefore methionine restriction is a promising avenue for treatment. While the lack of the methionine salvage enzyme methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency is associated with methionine dependence in cancer cells, there are other causes for tumors to require exogenous methionine. In this review we describe studies that show restricting methionine to certain cancers by diet or by enzyme depletion, alone or in combination with certain chemotherapeutics is a promising antitumor strategy. The basis for methionine dependence in tumor cells is also briefly reviewed.
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134
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Matusiewicz M, Kosieradzka I, Niemiec T, Grodzik M, Antushevich H, Strojny B, Gołębiewska M. In Vitro Influence of Extracts from Snail Helix aspersa Müller on the Colon Cancer Cell Line Caco-2. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041064. [PMID: 29614018 PMCID: PMC5979351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most widely diagnosed cancer. Extracts from snails may modulate growth and development of colorectal cancer cells. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of tissues derived from Helix aspersa Müller and red-ox properties of tissue extracts. Then, the influence of extracts and their fractions of different molecular weights on viability of Caco-2 cells was examined. Tissue lyophilisates contained antioxidants that could be important in the prevention of colorectal cancer. Moreover, we confirmed the presence of a wide array of compounds that might be used in treatment of this disease. The decrease of cell viability after the application of extracts from lyophilized mucus and foot tissues was affirmed. The effect of extract from mucus could be related to the content of some proteins and peptides, proper essential amino acids (EAA)/non-essential amino acids (NEAA) ratio, Met restriction and the presence of Cu, Ca, Zn, Se. The influence of the extract from foot tissues could be assigned additionally to the presence of eicosapentaenoic, α-linolenic, linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. The opposite effect was demonstrated by extract from lyophilized shells which increased cell viability. Further studies are needed to know whether dietary supplying of H. aspersa Müller tissues can be used as an approach in colorectal cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Matusiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Kosieradzka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Niemiec
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hanna Antushevich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, the Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland.
| | - Barbara Strojny
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Gołębiewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
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135
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Distinct Metabolic features differentiating FLT3-ITD AML from FLT3-WT childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5534. [PMID: 29615816 PMCID: PMC5882915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23863-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with dismal response warranting the need for enhancing our understanding of AML biology. One prognostic feature associated with inferior response is the presence of activating mutations in FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) especially occurrence of internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD). Although poorly understood, differential metabolic and signaling pathways associated with FLT3-ITD might contribute towards the observed poor prognosis. We performed a non-targeted global metabolic profiling of matched cell and plasma samples obtained at diagnosis to establish metabolic differences within FLT3-ITD and FLT3-WT pediatric AML. Metabolomic profiling by Ultra-High Performance-Liquid-Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry identified differential abundance of 21 known metabolites in plasma and 33 known metabolites in leukemic cells by FLT3 status. These metabolic features mapped to pathways of significant biological importance. Of interest were metabolites with roles in cancer, cell progression and involvement in purine metabolism and biosynthesis, cysteine/methionine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, carnitine mediated fatty acid oxidation, and lysophospholipid metabolism. Although validation in a larger cohort is required, our results for the first time investigated global metabolic profile in FLT3-ITD AML.
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136
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Anti-CD73 and anti-OX40 immunotherapy coupled with a novel biocompatible enzyme prodrug system for the treatment of recurrent, metastatic ovarian cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 425:174-182. [PMID: 29574275 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 75% of ovarian cancer is diagnosed once metastasis to the peritoneal cavity has occurred. A large proportion of patients eventually develop platinum-resistive tumors, which are considered terminal. In order to provide an alternative a novel fusion protein, mCTH-ANXA5, has been developed for the treatment of recurrent, metastatic ovarian cancer. The fusion protein combines annexin V (ANXA5), an ovarian tumor and tumor vasculature targeting protein, with mutated cystathionine gamma-lyase (mCTH), an enzyme that converts selenomethionine (SeMet) into toxic methylselenol, which generates reactive oxygen species and eventual tumor cell death. In order to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy, anti-CD73 and anti-OX40 immunostimulants were combined with mCTH-ANXA5, resulting in an increase of survival by 100% from 12 to 24 days post-therapy and decrease tumor burden in mice with orthotopic metastatic ovarian cancer. Further evaluation of the combination therapy revealed a strong antibody-mediated immune response, and an increased infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells along with a decrease in tumor promoting immune cells. This study demonstrates the efficacy of a synergistic, multi-drug system by attacking the tumor as well as enlisting the body's own defense system to treat the patient.
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137
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Pilot Metabolome-Wide Association Study of Benzo(a)pyrene in Serum From Military Personnel. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 58:S44-52. [PMID: 27501104 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A pilot study was conducted to test the feasibility of using Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR) samples to study health and exposure-related effects. METHODS Thirty unidentified human serum samples were obtained from the DoDSR and analyzed for normal serum metabolites with high-resolution mass spectrometry and serum levels of free benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolic associations with BaP were determined using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) and metabolic pathway enrichment. RESULTS The serum analysis detected normal ranges of glucose, selected amino acids, fatty acids, and creatinine. Free BaP was detected in a broad concentration range. MWAS of BaP showed associations with lipids, fatty acids, and sulfur amino acid metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION The results show that the DoDSR samples are of sufficient quality for chemical profiling of DoD personnel.
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138
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Kim S, Fenech MF, Kim PJ. Nutritionally recommended food for semi- to strict vegetarian diets based on large-scale nutrient composition data. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4344. [PMID: 29531252 PMCID: PMC5847509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet design for vegetarian health is challenging due to the limited food repertoire of vegetarians. This challenge can be partially overcome by quantitative, data-driven approaches that utilise massive nutritional information collected for many different foods. Based on large-scale data of foods' nutrient compositions, the recent concept of nutritional fitness helps quantify a nutrient balance within each food with regard to satisfying daily nutritional requirements. Nutritional fitness offers prioritisation of recommended foods using the foods' occurrence in nutritionally adequate food combinations. Here, we systematically identify nutritionally recommendable foods for semi- to strict vegetarian diets through the computation of nutritional fitness. Along with commonly recommendable foods across different diets, our analysis reveals favourable foods specific to each diet, such as immature lima beans for a vegan diet as an amino acid and choline source, and mushrooms for ovo-lacto vegetarian and vegan diets as a vitamin D source. Furthermore, we find that selenium and other essential micronutrients can be subject to deficiency in plant-based diets, and suggest nutritionally-desirable dietary patterns. We extend our analysis to two hypothetical scenarios of highly personalised, plant-based methionine-restricted diets. Our nutrient-profiling approach may provide a useful guide for designing different types of personalised vegetarian diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeon Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michael F Fenech
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, South Australia, 5048, Australia
| | - Pan-Jun Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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139
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Dong Z, Sinha R, Richie JP. Disease prevention and delayed aging by dietary sulfur amino acid restriction: translational implications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1418:44-55. [PMID: 29399808 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur amino acids (SAAs) play numerous critical roles in metabolism and overall health maintenance. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that SAA-restricted diets have many beneficial effects, including extending life span and preventing the development of a variety of diseases. Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR) is characterized by chronic restrictions of methionine and cysteine but not calories and is associated with reductions in body weight, adiposity and oxidative stress, and metabolic changes in adipose tissue and liver resulting in enhanced insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure. SAAR-induced changes in blood biomarkers include reductions in insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, glucose, and leptin and increases in adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21. On the basis of these preclinical data, SAAR may also have similar benefits in humans. While little is known of the translational significance of SAAR, its potential feasibility in humans is supported by findings of its effectiveness in rodents, even when initiated in adult animals. To date, there have been no controlled feeding studies of SAAR in humans; however, there have been numerous relevant epidemiologic and disease-based clinical investigations reported. Here, we summarize observations from these clinical investigations to provide insight into the potential effectiveness of SAAR for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Dong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Raghu Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - John P Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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140
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Lien EC, Ghisolfi L, Geck RC, Asara JM, Toker A. Oncogenic PI3K promotes methionine dependency in breast cancer cells through the cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/510/eaao6604. [PMID: 29259101 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao6604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The precursor homocysteine is metabolized either through the methionine cycle to produce methionine or through the transsulfuration pathway to synthesize cysteine. Alternatively, cysteine can be obtained through uptake of its oxidized form, cystine. Many cancer cells exhibit methionine dependency such that their proliferation is impaired in growth media in which methionine is replaced by homocysteine. We showed that oncogenic PIK3CA and decreased expression of SLC7A11, a gene that encodes a cystine transporter also known as xCT, correlated with increased methionine dependency in breast cancer cells. Oncogenic PIK3CA was sufficient to confer methionine dependency to mammary epithelial cells, partly by decreasing cystine uptake through the transcriptional and posttranslational inhibition of xCT. Manipulation of xCT activity altered the proliferation of breast cancer cells in methionine-deficient, homocysteine-containing media, suggesting that it functionally contributed to methionine dependency. We propose that concurrent with decreased cystine uptake through xCT, PIK3CA mutant cells use homocysteine through the transsulfuration pathway to synthesize cysteine. Consequently, less homocysteine is available to produce methionine, contributing to methionine dependency. These results indicate that oncogenic PIK3CA alters methionine and cysteine utilization, partly by inhibiting xCT to contribute to the methionine dependency phenotype in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C Lien
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Laura Ghisolfi
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Renee C Geck
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02215 MA, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02215 MA, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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141
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Palanichamy K, Chakravarti A. Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Methionine Uptake and Methionine Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2017; 7:257. [PMID: 29164057 PMCID: PMC5672012 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present most common image diagnostic tracer in clinical practice for glioma is 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for brain tumors diagnosis and prognosis. PET is a promising molecular imaging technique, which provides real-time information on the metabolic behavior of the tracer. The diffusive nature of glioblastoma (GBM) and heterogeneity often make the radiographic detection by FDG-PET inaccurate, and there is no gold standard. FDG-PET often leads to several controversies in making clinical decisions due to their uptake by normal surrounding tissues, and pose a challenge in delineating treatment-induced necrosis, edema, inflammation, and pseudoprogression. Thus, it is imperative to find new criteria independent of conventional morphological diagnosis to demarcate normal and tumor tissues. We have provided proof of concept studies for 11C methionine-PET (MET-PET) imaging of gliomas, along with prognostic and diagnostic significance. MET-PET is not widely used in the United States, though clinical trials from Japan and Germany suggesting the diagnostic ability of MET-PET imaging are superior to FDG-PET imaging for brain tumors. A major impediment is the availability of the onsite cyclotron and isotopic carbon chemistry facilities. In this article, we have provided the scientific rationale and advantages of the use of MET-PET as GBM tracers. We extend our discussion on the expected pitfalls of using MET-PET and ways to overcome them by incorporating a translational component of profiling gene status in the methionine metabolic pathway. This translational correlative component to the MET-PET clinical trials can lead to a better understanding of the existing controversies and can enhance our knowledge for future randomization of GBM patients based on their tumor gene signatures to achieve better prognosis and treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalakannan Palanichamy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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142
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Hooshmand S, Es’haghi Z. Simultaneous quantification of arginine, alanine, methionine and cysteine amino acids in supplements using a novel bioelectro-nanosensor based on CdSe quantum dot/modified carbon nanotube hollow fiber pencil graphite electrode via Taguchi method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:226-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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143
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Azeredo R, Machado M, Afonso A, Fierro-Castro C, Reyes-López FE, Tort L, Gesto M, Conde-Sieira M, Míguez JM, Soengas JL, Kreuz E, Wuertz S, Peres H, Oliva-Teles A, Costas B. Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses Undertake Different Fates following Tryptophan or Methionine Dietary Treatment: Tales from a Teleost Model. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1226. [PMID: 29021795 PMCID: PMC5623689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine and tryptophan appear to be fundamental in specific cellular pathways involved in the immune response mechanisms, including stimulation of T-regulatory cells by tryptophan metabolites or pro-inflammatory effects upon methionine supplementation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of these amino acids on the inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses in juveniles of European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. To achieve this, goal fish were fed for 14 days methionine and tryptophan-supplemented diets (MET and TRP, respectively, 2× dietary requirement level) or a control diet meeting the amino acids requirement levels (CTRL). Fish were sampled for immune status assessment and the remaining fish were challenged with intraperitoneally injected inactivated Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and sampled either 4 or 24 h post-injection. Respiratory burst activity, brain monoamines, plasma cortisol, and immune-related gene expression showed distinct and sometimes opposite patterns regarding the effects of dietary amino acids. While neuroendocrine intermediates were not affected by any dietary treatment at the end of the feeding trial, both supplemented diets led to increased levels of plasma cortisol after the inflammatory insult, while brain monoamine content was higher in TRP-fed fish. Peripheral blood respiratory burst was higher in TRP-fed fish injected with the bacteria inoculum but only compared to those fed MET. However, no changes were detected in total antioxidant capacity. Complement factor 3 was upregulated in MET-fed fish but methionine seemed to poorly affect other genes expression patterns. In contrast, fish fed MET showed increased immune cells numbers both before and after immune challenge, suggesting a strong enhancing effect of methionine on immune cells proliferation. Differently, tryptophan effects on inflammatory transcripts suggested an inhibitory mode of action. This, together with a high production of brain monoamine and cortisol levels, suggests that tryptophan might mediate regulatory mechanisms of neuroendocrine and immune systems cooperation. Overall, more studies are needed to ascertain the role of methionine and tryptophan in modulating (stimulate or regulate) fish immune and neuroendocrine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azeredo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Afonso
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Camino Fierro-Castro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe E Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluis Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Gesto
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Conde-Sieira
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jesús M Míguez
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - José L Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Kreuz
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Wuertz
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Peres
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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144
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Wu Y, Zhang W, Li T, Ma R, Chen D, Zhang J, Wu J, Tang J. Multivalent methionine-functionalized biocompatible block copolymers for targeted small interfering RNA delivery and subsequent reversal effect on adriamycin resistance in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR. J Gene Med 2017; 19. [PMID: 28688213 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Southeast University; Nanjing China
| | - Tinghan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Rong Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Dan Chen
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Research Center of Clinical Oncology; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital; Nanjing China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery; the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
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145
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Sato D, Shiba T, Karaki T, Yamagata W, Nozaki T, Nakazawa T, Harada S. X-Ray snapshots of a pyridoxal enzyme: a catalytic mechanism involving concerted [1,5]-hydrogen sigmatropy in methionine γ-lyase. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4874. [PMID: 28687762 PMCID: PMC5501846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-enzymes are essentially involved in amino acid and amine metabolism of a wide variety of organisms. Despite their extensive biochemical studies, there are little evidence and structural data to comprehensively elaborate the catalytic mechanism. We obtained X-ray snapshots of l-methionine γ-lyase from Entamoeba histolytica (EhMGL), a PLP-enzyme catalyzing the γ-elimination reaction of methionine. Here, we suggest a catalytic mechanism of EhMGL by using the X-ray snapshots covering all stages of this multistep catalysis reaction. Initial formation of a Michaelis complex is followed by the migration of double bond from the C4′=Nα–Cα moiety in an intermediate PLP-methionine imine to C4′–Nα=Cα in pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate (PMP)-α,β-dehydromethionine imine without intervention of a putative quinonoid intermediate. The enzyme can facilitate the subsequent γ-elimination of methanethiol by the possible general acid-base catalysis of Tyr108 for the E1cB mechanism, enabling to form the ene-imine C4′–Nα=Cα–Cβ=Cγ structure with the s-cis conformation, which is prerequisite for the non-enzymatic symmetry-allowed suprafacial [1,5]-hydrogen shift to complete the catalytic cycle by releasing α-ketobutyrate. The mechanism based on the X-ray snapshots is consistent with the reactivity of MGL toward methionine analogues. The generality of such a mechanism involving non-enzymatic concerted reaction in other PLP enzymes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoo Shiba
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Karaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Wataru Yamagata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Nozaki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Harada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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146
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Kulikova VV, Morozova EA, Revtovich SV, Kotlov MI, Anufrieva NV, Bazhulina NP, Raboni S, Faggiano S, Gabellieri E, Cioni P, Belyi YF, Mozzarelli A, Demidkina TV. Gene cloning, characterization, and cytotoxic activity of methionine γ-lyase fromClostridium novyi. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:668-676. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalia V. Kulikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Elena A. Morozova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Revtovich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Kotlov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Natalya V. Anufrieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Natalya P. Bazhulina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
| | - Samanta Raboni
- Department of Food and Drug; University of Parma; Parma Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council; Pisa Italy
| | - Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug; University of Parma; Parma Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council; Pisa Italy
| | - Edi Gabellieri
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council; Pisa Italy
| | - Patrizia Cioni
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council; Pisa Italy
| | - Yury F. Belyi
- Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Public Health; Moscow Russia
| | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Department of Food and Drug; University of Parma; Parma Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council; Pisa Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems; Rome Italy
| | - Tatyana V. Demidkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
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147
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Kecel-Gunduz S, Bicak B, Celik S, Akyuz S, Ozel AE. Structural and spectroscopic investigation on antioxidant dipeptide, l -Methionyl- l -Serine: A combined experimental and DFT study. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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148
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Gay F, Aguera K, Sénéchal K, Tainturier A, Berlier W, Maucort-Boulch D, Honnorat J, Horand F, Godfrin Y, Bourgeaux V. Methionine tumor starvation by erythrocyte-encapsulated methionine gamma-lyase activity controlled with per os vitamin B6. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1437-1452. [PMID: 28544589 PMCID: PMC5463067 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Erymet is a new therapy resulting from the encapsulation of a methionine gamma-lyase (MGL; EC number 4.4.1.11) in red blood cells (RBC). The aim of this study was to evaluate erymet potential efficacy in methionine (Met)-dependent cancers. We produced a highly purified MGL using a cGMP process, determined the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) properties of erymet in mice, and assessed its efficacy on tumor growth prevention. Cytotoxicity of purified MGL was tested in six cancer cell lines. CD1 mice were injected with single erymet product supplemented or not with vitamin B6 vitamer pyridoxine (PN; a precursor of PLP cofactor). NMRI nude mice were xenografted in the flank with U-87 MG-luc2 glioblastoma cells for tumor growth study following five intravenous (IV) injections of erymet with daily PN oral administration. Endpoints included efficacy and event-free survival (EFS). Finally, a repeated dose toxicity study of erymet combined with PN cofactor was conducted in CD1 mice. Recombinant MGL was cytotoxic on 4/6 cell lines tested. MGL half-life was increased from <24 h to 9-12 days when encapsulated in RBC. Conversion of PN into PLP by RBC was demonstrated. Combined erymet + PN treatment led to a sustained Met depletion in plasma for several days with a 85% reduction of tumor volume after 45 days following cells implantation, and a significant EFS prolongation for treated mice. Repeated injections in mice exhibited a very good tolerability with only minor impact on clinical state (piloerection, lean aspect) and a slight decrease in hemoglobin and triglyceride concentrations. This study demonstrated that encapsulation of methioninase inside erythrocyte greatly enhanced pharmacokinetics properties of the enzyme and is efficacy against tumor growth. The perspective on these results is the clinical evaluation of the erymet product in patients with Met starvation-sensitive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Delphine Maucort-Boulch
- Service de Biostatistique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,CNRS UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Equipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jérôme Honnorat
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Service de Neuro-oncologie, Hôpital neurologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut NeuroMyoGene INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR 5310, Lyon, France
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149
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Miousse IR, Kutanzi KR, Koturbash I. Effects of ionizing radiation on DNA methylation: from experimental biology to clinical applications. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:457-469. [PMID: 28134023 PMCID: PMC5411327 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1287454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ionizing radiation (IR) is a ubiquitous environmental stressor with genotoxic and epigenotoxic capabilities. Terrestrial IR, predominantly a low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, is being widely utilized in medicine, as well as in multiple industrial applications. Additionally, an interest in understanding the effects of high-LET irradiation is emerging due to the potential of exposure during space missions and the growing utilization of high-LET radiation in medicine. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the effects of IR on DNA methylation, a key epigenetic mechanism regulating the expression of genetic information. We discuss global, repetitive elements and gene-specific DNA methylation in light of exposure to high and low doses of high- or low-LET IR, fractionated IR exposure, and bystander effects. Finally, we describe the mechanisms of IR-induced alterations to DNA methylation and discuss ways in which that understanding can be applied clinically, including utilization of DNA methylation as a predictor of response to radiotherapy and in the manipulation of DNA methylation patterns for tumor radiosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R Miousse
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Kristy R Kutanzi
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
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150
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Tran TQ, Lowman XH, Kong M. Molecular Pathways: Metabolic Control of Histone Methylation and Gene Expression in Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4004-4009. [PMID: 28404599 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations contribute to tumor development, progression, and therapeutic response. Many epigenetic enzymes use metabolic intermediates as cofactors to modify chromatin structure. Emerging evidence suggests that fluctuation in metabolite levels may regulate activities of these chromatin-modifying enzymes. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding the cross-talk between metabolism and epigenetic control of gene expression in cancer. We focus on how metabolic changes, due to diet, genetic mutations, or tumor microenvironment, regulate histone methylation status and, consequently, affect gene expression profiles to promote tumorigenesis. Importantly, we also suggest some potential therapeutic approaches to target the oncogenic role of metabolic alterations and epigenetic modifications in cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4004-9. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Q Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Xazmin H Lowman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
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