101
|
Jiang S, Wang F, Li Q, Sun H, Wang H, Yao Z. Environment and food safety: a novel integrative review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:54511-54530. [PMID: 34431060 PMCID: PMC8384557 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Environment protection and food safety are two critical issues in the world. In this review, a novel approach which integrates statistical study and subjective discussion was adopted to review recent advances on environment and food safety. Firstly, a scientometric-based statistical study was conducted based on 4904 publications collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. It was found that the research on environment and food safety was growing steadily from 2001 to 2020. Interestingly, the statistical analysis of most-cited papers, titles, abstracts, keywords, and research areas revealed that the research on environment and food safety was diverse and multidisciplinary. In addition to the scientometric study, strategies to protect environment and ensure food safety were critically discussed, followed by a discussion on the emerging research topics, including emerging contaminates (e.g., microplastics), rapid detection of contaminants (e.g., biosensors), and environment friendly food packaging materials (e.g., biodegradable polymers). Finally, current challenges and future research directions were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qirun Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Haishu Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huijiao Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
La Fuente Arias CI, Kubo MTKN, Tadini CC, Augusto PED. Bio-based multilayer films: A review of the principal methods of production and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2260-2276. [PMID: 34486888 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1973955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of biodegradable packaging materials has been drawing attention worldwide to minimize the environmental impact of traditional petroleum-based plastics. Nevertheless, it is challenging to obtain bio-based materials with suitable properties for packaging applications. Films produced from a single biopolymer often lack some important properties. An alternative to overcome this limitation is the multilayer assembly. Under this technology, two or more materials with specific and complementary properties are combined into a single-layered structure, thus improving the performance of bio-polymer plastics. This review presents the main aspects of bio-based multilayer film production technologies, discussing their advantages and disadvantages, which have to be considered to produce the most suitable film for each specific application. Most of the studies reported that such films resulted in increased mechanical performance and decreased water, oxygen, and dioxide carbon permeability. This approach allows the addition of compounds leading to antioxidant or antibacterial activity. Finally, a discussion about the future challenges is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ivonne La Fuente Arias
- School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian Tiaki Ka-Neiwa Kubo
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Cecilia Tadini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Politéccnica, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FoRC/NAPAN), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Esteves Duarte Augusto
- School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Kulkarni AS, Sajjan AM, Khan TMY, Badruddin IA, Kamangar S, Banapurmath NR, Ayachit NH, Ashwini M, Sharanappa A. Development and Characterization of Biocompatible Membranes from Natural Chitosan and Gelatin for Pervaporative Separation of Water-Isopropanol Mixture. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2868. [PMID: 34502908 PMCID: PMC8434005 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polymers have attracted a lot of interest in researchers of late as they are environmentally friendly, biocompatible, and possess excellent characters. Membranes forming natural polymers have provided a whole new dimension to the separation technology. In this work, chitosan-gelatin blend membranes were fabricated using chitosan as the base and varying the amount of gelatin. Transport, mechanical, and surface characteristics of the fabricated membranes were examined in detail by means of the characterizing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning colorimetry, wide angle X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis. In order to analyze the water affinity of the developed blend chitosan-gelatin membranes, the percentage degree of swelling was examined. Out of the fabricated membranes, the membrane loaded with 15 mass% of gelatin exhibited the better pervaporation performance with a pervaporation separation index value of 266 at 30 °C for the solution containing 10% in terms of the mass of water, which is the highest among the contemporary membranes. All the fabricated membranes were stable during the pervaporation experiments, and permeation flux of water for the fabricated membranes was dominant in the overall total permeation flux, signifying that the developed membranes could be chosen for efficient separation of water-isopropanol mixture on a larger scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay S. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India;
| | - Ashok M. Sajjan
- Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India;
- Center for Material Science, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India; (N.R.B.); (N.H.A.)
| | - T. M. Yunus Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.Y.K.); (I.A.B.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.Y.K.); (I.A.B.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarfaraz Kamangar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nagaraj R. Banapurmath
- Center for Material Science, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India; (N.R.B.); (N.H.A.)
| | - Narasimha H. Ayachit
- Center for Material Science, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India; (N.R.B.); (N.H.A.)
| | - M. Ashwini
- Department of Food and Industrial Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, India;
| | - A. Sharanappa
- Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India;
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Xu Y, Hou K, Gao C, Feng X, Cheng W, Wu D, Meng L, Yang Y, Shen X, Zhang Y, Tang X. Characterization of chitosan film with cinnamon essential oil emulsion co-stabilized by ethyl-N α-lauroyl-l-arginate hydrochloride and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:24-31. [PMID: 34364935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To improve the antimicrobial properties of chitosan films, cinnamon essential oil (CEO) nanoemulsion (1% and 3% v/v CEO) stabilized by ethyl-Nα-lauroyl-l-arginate hydrochloride (LAE) alone or co-stabilized by LAE and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) were incorporated into chitosan matrix. The micromorphology, physical and antimicrobial properties of the composite films were compared. The dense structure of the CEO nanoemulsion co-stabilized by LAE and HPCD reduced the water vapor permeability and water content. The incorporation of the CEO nanoemulsion co-stabilized by LAE and HPCD, reduced the adverse effects of CEO on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the film, and even slightly increased the tensile strength. In addition, the antimicrobial properties of chitosan films were enhanced due to the encapsulation and emulsification effect of HPCD and LAE on CEO. This work indicated that the prepared chitosan based edible films had the potential to be used in the field of food packaging to improve food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kehong Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengcheng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linghan Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuling Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Food Safety, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Xiaozhi Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Development of chitosan/cycloolefin copolymer and chitosan/polycaprolactone active bilayer films incorporated with grape seed extract and carvacrol. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
106
|
Khodaei D, Álvarez C, Mullen AM. Biodegradable Packaging Materials from Animal Processing Co-Products and Wastes: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2561. [PMID: 34372163 PMCID: PMC8348897 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are non-toxic, environmentally friendly biopolymers with considerable mechanical and barrier properties that can be degraded in industrial or home composting conditions. These biopolymers can be generated from sustainable natural sources or from the agricultural and animal processing co-products and wastes. Animals processing co-products are low value, underutilized, non-meat components that are generally generated from meat processing or slaughterhouse such as hide, blood, some offal etc. These are often converted into low-value products such as animal feed or in some cases disposed of as waste. Collagen, gelatin, keratin, myofibrillar proteins, and chitosan are the major value-added biopolymers obtained from the processing of animal's products. While these have many applications in food and pharmaceutical industries, a significant amount is underutilized and therefore hold potential for use in the generation of bioplastics. This review summarizes the research progress on the utilization of meat processing co-products to fabricate biodegradable polymers with the main focus on food industry applications. In addition, the factors affecting the application of biodegradable polymers in the packaging sector, their current industrial status, and regulations are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Maria Mullen
- Department of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; (D.K.); (C.Á.)
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Ahari H, Soufiani SP. Smart and Active Food Packaging: Insights in Novel Food Packaging. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657233. [PMID: 34305829 PMCID: PMC8299788 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for more healthy foods with longer shelf life has been growing. Food packaging as one of the main aspects of food industries plays a vital role in meeting this demand. Integration of nanotechnology with food packaging systems (FPSs) revealed promising promotion in foods’ shelf life by introducing novel FPSs. In this paper, common classification, functionalities, employed nanotechnologies, and the used biomaterials are discussed. According to our survey, FPSs are classified as active food packaging (AFP) and smart food packaging (SFP) systems. The functionality of both systems was manipulated by employing nanotechnologies, such as metal nanoparticles and nanoemulsions, and appropriate biomaterials like synthetic polymers and biomass-derived biomaterials. “Degradability and antibacterial” and “Indicating and scavenging” are the well-known functions for AFP and SFP, respectively. The main purpose is to make a multifunctional FPS to increase foods’ shelf life and produce environmentally friendly and smart packaging without any hazard to human life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Ahari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz P Soufiani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
The Effect of Molecular Weight on the Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan from Loligo opalescens for Food Packaging Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19070384. [PMID: 34356809 PMCID: PMC8303414 DOI: 10.3390/md19070384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing requirement for sustainable processes has boosted the development of biodegradable plastic-based materials incorporating bioactive compounds obtained from waste, adding value to these products. Chitosan (Ch) is a biopolymer that can be obtained by deacetylation of chitin (found abundantly in waste from the fishery industry) and has valuable properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antimicrobial activity, and easy film-forming ability. This study aimed to produce and characterize poly(lactic acid) (PLA) surfaces coated with β-chitosan and β-chitooligosaccharides from a Loligo opalescens pen with different molecular weights for application in the food industry. The PLA films with native and depolymerized Ch were functionalized through plasma oxygen treatment followed by dip-coating, and their physicochemical properties were assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, water contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy. Their antimicrobial properties were assessed against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida, where Ch-based surfaces reduced the number of biofilm viable, viable but nonculturable, and culturable cells by up to 73%, 74%, and 87%, respectively, compared to PLA. Biofilm growth inhibition was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results suggest that Ch films of higher molecular weight had higher antibiofilm activity under the food storage conditions mimicked in this work, contributing simultaneously to the reuse of marine waste.
Collapse
|
109
|
Meng DM, Sun SN, Shi LY, Cheng L, Fan ZC. Application of antimicrobial peptide mytichitin-CB in pork preservation during cold storage. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
110
|
|
111
|
Chitosan/Collagen Hydrolysate Based Films Obtained from Hide Trimming Wastes Reinforced with Chitosan Nanoparticles. FOOD BIOPHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-021-09678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
112
|
Can Sustainable Packaging Help to Reduce Food Waste? A Status Quo Focusing Plant-Derived Polymers and Additives. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11115307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The promotion of sustainable packaging is part of the European Green Deal and plays a key role in the EU’s social and political strategy. One option is the use of renewable resources and biomass waste as raw materials for polymer production. Lignocellulose biomass from annual and perennial industrial crops and agricultural residues are a major source of polysaccharides, proteins, and lignin and can also be used to obtain plant-based extracts and essential oils. Therefore, these biomasses are considered as potential substitute for fossil-based resources. Here, the status quo of bio-based polymers is discussed and evaluated in terms of properties related to packaging applications such as gas and water vapor permeability as well as mechanical properties. So far, their practical use is still restricted due to lower performance in fundamental packaging functions that directly influence food quality and safety, the length of shelf life, and thus the amount of food waste. Besides bio-based polymers, this review focuses on plant extracts as active packaging agents. Incorporating extracts of herbs, flowers, trees, and their fruits is inevitable to achieve desired material properties that are capable to prolong the food shelf life. Finally, the adoption potential of packaging based on polymers from renewable resources is discussed from a bioeconomy perspective.
Collapse
|
113
|
Biodegradable film production from agroforestry and fishery residues with active compounds. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
114
|
Ni Y, Shi S, Li M, Zhang L, Yang C, Du T, Wang S, Nie H, Sun J, Zhang W, Wang J. Visible light responsive, self-activated bionanocomposite films with sustained antimicrobial activity for food packaging. Food Chem 2021; 362:130201. [PMID: 34090044 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The research on a new type of low-cost, less-loss and adjustable sustained antibacterial activity food packaging films with self-activation ability and great industrialization potentiality is of great scientific and technological interest. Herein, a novel chitosan/negatively charged graphitic carbon nitride self-activation bionanocomposite films was prepared by one-step electrostatic self-assembly. First, the antibacterial efficiency of this film could reach to 99.8 ± 0.26% against E. coli and 99.9 ± 0.04% against S. aureus through self-activated under visible light. Second, this film can effectively extend the shelf life of tangerines to 24 days. Hemolysis and cell experiment test proved that this film was safe and nontoxic. Finally, negatively charged graphitic carbon nitride with low-cost can improve the mechanical, thermal and hydrophobic properties of neat chitosan films. This work can provide a new pathway for the preparation of low-cost packaging films with excellent visible light responsive property and sustainable antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ni
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengyuan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaochi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongqing Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Lisitsyn A, Semenova A, Nasonova V, Polishchuk E, Revutskaya N, Kozyrev I, Kotenkova E. Approaches in Animal Proteins and Natural Polysaccharides Application for Food Packaging: Edible Film Production and Quality Estimation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1592. [PMID: 34063360 PMCID: PMC8156411 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biopolymers are an interesting resource for edible films production, as they are environmentally friendly packaging materials. The possibilities of the application of main animal proteins and natural polysaccharides are considered in the review, including the sources, structure, and limitations of usage. The main ways for overcoming the limitations caused by the physico-chemical properties of biopolymers are also discussed, including composites approaches, plasticizers, and the addition of crosslinking agents. Approaches for the production of biopolymer-based films and coatings are classified according to wet and dried processes and considered depending on biopolymer types. The methods for mechanical, physico-chemical, hydration, and uniformity estimation of edible films are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Lisitsyn
- Department of Scientific, Applied and Technological Developments, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.N.); (N.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Anastasia Semenova
- Department of Scientific, Applied and Technological Developments, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.N.); (N.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Viktoria Nasonova
- Department of Scientific, Applied and Technological Developments, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.N.); (N.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Polishchuk
- Experimental Clinic and Research Laboratory for Bioactive Substances of Animal Origin, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalia Revutskaya
- Department of Scientific, Applied and Technological Developments, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.N.); (N.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Ivan Kozyrev
- Department of Scientific, Applied and Technological Developments, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.S.); (V.N.); (N.R.); (I.K.)
| | - Elena Kotenkova
- Experimental Clinic and Research Laboratory for Bioactive Substances of Animal Origin, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, Talalikhina st., 26, 109316 Moscow, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Bi F, Qin Y, Chen D, Kan J, Liu J. Development of active packaging films based on chitosan and nano-encapsulated luteolin. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:545-553. [PMID: 33857507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin is a flavone with potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this study, luteolin was encapsulated in oil-in-water nanoemulsions that were emulsified by glycerol monooleate and Tween 20. Results showed 68 mg luteolin-loaded nanoemulsions had the highest stability (zeta potential of -39.8 mV) and encapsulation efficiency (89.52%). Then, active packaging films were developed by incorporating free or nano-encapsulated luteolin into chitosan-based matrix. The microstructure, physical and functional properties of CS film containing free luteolin (CS-LL) or nano-encapsulated luteolin (CS-LLNEs) were compared. Different from CS film, CS-LL and CS-LLNEs films had compact inner microstructure and strengthened intermolecular interactions. Moreover, CS-LLNEs film was more homogenous and compact than CS-LL film. As a result, CS-LLNEs film presented higher water vapor and oxygen barrier abilities and mechanical properties in comparison with CS-LL film. In addition, CS-LLNEs film showed slower release rate of luteolin in 95% ethanol (fatty food stimulant) as compared with CS-LL film. The controlled release of luteolin from film matrix could guarantee CS-LLNEs film to exert antioxidant activity up to 10 days. Our results suggest CS-LLNEs film can be developed as an emerging active packaging material that has potential applications in food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Nunes YL, de Menezes FL, de Sousa IG, Cavalcante ALG, Cavalcante FTT, da Silva Moreira K, de Oliveira ALB, Mota GF, da Silva Souza JE, de Aguiar Falcão IR, Rocha TG, Valério RBR, Fechine PBA, de Souza MCM, Dos Santos JCS. Chemical and physical Chitosan modification for designing enzymatic industrial biocatalysts: How to choose the best strategy? Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 181:1124-1170. [PMID: 33864867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most abundant natural polymer worldwide, and due to its inherent characteristics, its use in industrial processes has been extensively explored. Because it is biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic, hydrophilic, cheap, and has good physical-chemical stability, it is seen as an excellent alternative for the replacement of synthetic materials in the search for more sustainable production methodologies. Thus being, a possible biotechnological application of Chitosan is as a direct support for enzyme immobilization. However, its applicability is quite specific, and to overcome this issue, alternative pretreatments are required, such as chemical and physical modifications to its structure, enabling its use in a wider array of applications. This review aims to present the topic in detail, by exploring and discussing methods of employment of Chitosan in enzymatic immobilization processes with various enzymes, presenting its advantages and disadvantages, as well as listing possible chemical modifications and combinations with other compounds for formulating an ideal support for this purpose. First, we will present Chitosan emphasizing its characteristics that allow its use as enzyme support. Furthermore, we will discuss possible physicochemical modifications that can be made to Chitosan, mentioning the improvements obtained in each process. These discussions will enable a comprehensive comparison between, and an informed choice of, the best technologies concerning enzyme immobilization and the application conditions of the biocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yale Luck Nunes
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lima de Menezes
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Isamayra Germano de Sousa
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luthierre Gama Cavalcante
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Katerine da Silva Moreira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Barros de Oliveira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Ferreira Mota
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - José Erick da Silva Souza
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - Italo Rafael de Aguiar Falcão
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - Thales Guimaraes Rocha
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - Roberta Bussons Rodrigues Valério
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Pierre Basílio Almeida Fechine
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, CEP 60455760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristiane Martins de Souza
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil
| | - José C S Dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Campus das Auroras, Redenção CEP 62790970, CE, Brazil; Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza CEP 60455760, CE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Haghighi H, Gullo M, La China S, Pfeifer F, Siesler HW, Licciardello F, Pulvirenti A. Characterization of bio-nanocomposite films based on gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol blend reinforced with bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers for food packaging applications. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
119
|
Anis A, Pal K, Al-Zahrani SM. Essential Oil-Containing Polysaccharide-Based Edible Films and Coatings for Food Security Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:575. [PMID: 33672974 PMCID: PMC7917627 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The wastage of food products is a major challenge for the food industry. In this regard, the use of edible films and coatings have gained much attention due to their ability to prevent the spoilage of the food products during handling, transport, and storage. This has effectively helped in extending the shelf-life of the food products. Among the various polymers, polysaccharides have been explored to develop edible films and coatings in the last decade. Such polymeric systems have shown great promise in microbial food safety applications. The inclusion of essential oils (EOs) within the polysaccharide matrices has further improved the functional properties of the edible films and coatings. The current review will discuss the different types of polysaccharides, EOs, methods of preparing edible films and coatings, and the characterization methods for the EO-loaded polysaccharide films. The mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of the EOs has also been discussed in brief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Saeed M. Al-Zahrani
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Bio-Packaging Material Impact on Blueberries Quality Attributes under Transport and Marketing Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040481. [PMID: 33546309 PMCID: PMC7913482 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blueberries are highly appreciated for their high antioxidant content but are also particularly susceptible to fungal deterioration. In this work, corn starch and chitosan, byproducts of the fishing industry, as well as active compounds obtained from citrus processing waste were used to obtain active biodegradable film packaging. Blueberries were packed in corn starch–chitosan (CS:CH) films and in active films containing lemon essential oil (LEO) or grapefruit seed extract (GSE). The effects of film packaging on the quality parameters of berries and the fungal incidence of disease during storage were studied and compared to benchmark materials. A conservation assay simulating transport and commercialization conditions was conducted. Blueberries packed in CS:CH films showed antioxidant capacity values closer to those packed in commercial PET containers (Clamshells), preserving 84.8% of the initial antioxidants content. Fruit packed in LEO films exhibited the greatest weight loss and rot incidence, and poor surface color. CS:CH and GSE films controlled the fruit respiration rate and weight loss, therefore they are materials with adequate barrier properties for blueberries conservation. Bags formulated with GSE showed adequate barrier properties to maintain fruit quality attributes without the incidence of rottenness, being an interesting option for blueberries exportation.
Collapse
|
121
|
Cubeddu A, Fava P, Pulvirenti A, Haghighi H, Licciardello F. Suitability Assessment of PLA Bottles for High-Pressure Processing of Apple Juice. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020295. [PMID: 33540544 PMCID: PMC7912795 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to assess the use of polylactic acid (PLA) bottles as an alternative to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ones for high-pressure processing (HPP) of apple juice. The treatment of PLA bottles at 600 MPa for 3 min did not cause alterations in the packaging shape and content, confirming the suitability of PLA bottles to withstand HPP conditions as well as PET bottles. Quantification of total mesophilic bacterial and fungal load suggested HPP treatment can be effectively applied as an alternative to pasteurization for apple juice packed in PLA bottles since it guarantees microbial stability during at least 28 days of refrigerated storage. The headspace gas level did not change significantly during 28 days of refrigerated storage, irrespective of the bottle material. Color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) of the HPP-treated juice were similar to those of the fresh juice. Irrespective of the packaging type, the total color variation significantly changed during storage, showing an exponential increase in the first 14 days, followed by a steady state until the end of observations. Overall, PLA bottles proved to offer comparable performances to PET both in terms of mechanical resistance and quality maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Cubeddu
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.C.); (P.F.); (A.P.); (H.H.)
| | - Patrizia Fava
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.C.); (P.F.); (A.P.); (H.H.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.C.); (P.F.); (A.P.); (H.H.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Hossein Haghighi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.C.); (P.F.); (A.P.); (H.H.)
| | - Fabio Licciardello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.C.); (P.F.); (A.P.); (H.H.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
M Ahmed E, Saber D, Abd ElAziz K, Alghtani AH, Felemban BF, Ali HT, Megahed M. Chitosan-based nanocomposites: preparation and characterization for food packing industry. MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS 2021; 8:025017. [DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/abe791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In the present work, Cerium (IV)-Zirconium (IV) oxide nanoparticles (CeO4ZrNPs) was successfully dispersed into Chitosan/15Gelatin nanocomposites with different quantities. The obtained chitosan-based nanocomposites represented remarkable improvements in structural, morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties. Roughness increased from 74 nm to 6.4 nm, Young’s Modulus enhanced from 1.36 GPa to 2.99 GPa. The influence of dispersed CeO4ZrNPs contents on the phase transition temperature (T
g) and the non-isothermal degradation processes of chitosan-based nanocomposites were examined using Differential Scanning Galorimetry (DSC) with different heating rates. Kinetic parameters of the thermal degradation for chitosan-based nanocomposites were evaluated using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Kissenger (KIS) procedures. Chitosan-based nanocomposites showed an increase in the thermal degradation temperature with higher activation energies, indicating improved thermal stability. Thermal analysis demonstrated that chitosan-based nanocomposites became more ordered by increasing CeO4ZrNPs as inferred from the negative entropy increase. Moreover, the degradation of chitosan-based nanocomposites has been described as a non-spontaneous process. The resulting information is particularly important in applications in which there is a need to obtain chitosan nanocomposites with improved mechanical and thermal properties such as food packing industry.
Collapse
|
123
|
Multivariate exploratory data analysis by PCA of the combined effect of film-forming composition, drying conditions, and UV-C irradiation on the functional properties of films based on chitosan and pectin. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
124
|
Yu D, Yu Z, Zhao W, Regenstein JM, Xia W. Advances in the application of chitosan as a sustainable bioactive material in food preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3782-3797. [PMID: 33401936 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1869920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is obtained from chitin and considered to be one of the most abundant natural polysaccharides. Due to its functional activity, chitosan has received intense and growing interest in terms of applications for food preservation over the last half-century. Compared with earlier studies, recent research has increasingly focused on the exploration of preservation mechanism as well as the targeted inhibition with higher efficiency, which is fueled by availability of more active composite ingredients and integration of more technologies, and gradually perceived as "chitosan-based biofilm preservation." In this Review, we comprehensively summarize the potential antimicrobial mechanisms or hypotheses of chitosan and its widely compounded ingredients, as well as their impacts on endogenous enzymes, oxidation and/or gas barriers. The strategies used for enhancing active function of the film-forming system and subsequent film fabrication processes including direct coating, bioactive packaging film and layer-by-layer assembly are introduced. Finally, future development of chitosan-based bioactive film is also proposed to broaden its application boundaries. Generally, our goal is that this Review is easily accessible and instructive for whose new to the field, as well as hope to advance to the filed forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zijuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Wenshui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Effects of bovine gelatin viscosity on gelatin-based edible film mechanical, physical and morphological properties. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04076-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the effect of gelatin reology on mechanical, physical and morphological properties of gelatin-based edible films. The aim of this study was to better understand the variation of viscosity on the structural behaviour of gelatin-based films in the presence of glycerol and sorbitol plasticizers. Gelatin-based films were casted by using gelatins of different viscosities as 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 centipoise with plasticisers as glycerol and sorbitol. Finally, the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of the films were investigated via pH, thickness, tensile strength and elongation, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. As a result of the study, it was observed that a durable film structure could be obtained with gelatin viscosity at 3 centipoise. Furthermore 5.5% gelatin, 0.1% glycerol and 0.4% sorbitol concentration were found as the most suitable formulation for gelatin based film structure with Tukey Test. The results suggest that gelatin-plastisizer combinations can be an excellent source of biobased packaging material with further investigations.
Collapse
|
126
|
Antimicrobial Biomasses from Lactic Acid Fermentation of Black Soldier Fly Prepupae and Related By-Products. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111785. [PMID: 33202551 PMCID: PMC7697071 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, thousands of insect species are consumed as food or are used as feed ingredients. Hermetia illucens, ‘black soldier fly’, is one of them, and a large amount of puparia and dead adults flies are accumulated during rearing. These materials represent important wastes but no studies are still present in the literature regarding their functional properties and potential reuse. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria contributing to various industrial applications, ranging from food fermentation, chemicals production to pharmaceuticals manufacturing. A LAB feature of industrial interest is their ability to produce antimicrobial metabolites. Considering the scientific and commercial interest in discovering novel antimicrobials, this work will be direct towards fermentation of insect-derived biomasses: puparia and adults insect at the end of life cycle. To the best of our knowledge, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of fermented insects is tested for the first time. This study aimed also to evaluate differences in the composition between fermented and unfermented insects, and to study whether the fermentation and the type of LAB used played a crucial role in modifying the composition of the substrate. Results firstly highlighted fermentability of this species of insects, showed that fermented black soldier flies puparium possess a high antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens. Moreover, result of chemical composition showed that fermented biomass had a higher percentage of fat and a more complex fatty acids profile.
Collapse
|