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Crystal structure and antitumor activity of the novel zwitterionic complex of tri-n-butyltin(IV) with 2-thiobarbituric acid. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2010:654137. [PMID: 18401456 PMCID: PMC2288696 DOI: 10.1155/2008/654137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel tri-n-butyl(IV) derivative of 2-thiobarbituric acid (HTBA) of formula [(n-Bu)3Sn(TBA) H2O] (1) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and 119Sn-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The crystal structure of
complex 1 has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis
at 120(2) K. The geometry around Sn(IV) is trigonal bipyramidal. Three n-butyl groups and one oxygen atom from a deprotonated 2-thiobarbituric ligand are bonded to the metal center. The geometry is completed with one oxygen from a water molecule. Compound 1 exhibits potent, in vitro, cytotoxicity against sarcoma cancer cells (mesenchymal
tissue) from the Wistar rat, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH, benzo[a]pyrene) carcinogenesis. In addition, the inhibition
caused by 1, in the rate of lipoxygenase (LOX) catalyzed oxidation
reaction of linoleic acid to hyperoxolinoleic acid, has been also kinetically and theoretically studied. The results are compared to
that of cisplatin.
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102
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Mohan H, Maheswari KU, Bera AK, Suraishkumar G. Reactive oxygen species mediated modifications in Bacillus subtilis lipid membrane to improve protein productivities. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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103
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Udomsuk L, Churikawit K, Putalun W, Jarukamjorn K. Impact of Pueraria candollei Root Cultures on Cytochrome P450 2B9 Enzyme and Lipid Peroxidation in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.56.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Latiporn Udomsuk
- Academic Office for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
| | - Kanokporn Churikawit
- Academic Office for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Academic Office for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
| | - Kanokwan Jarukamjorn
- Academic Office for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University
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104
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Dasgupta T, Fabry ME, Kaul DK. Antisickling property of fetal hemoglobin enhances nitric oxide bioavailability and ameliorates organ oxidative stress in transgenic-knockout sickle mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 298:R394-402. [PMID: 20007516 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00611.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In sickle cell disease (SCD), the events originating from hemoglobin S polymerization and intravascular sickling lead to reperfusion injury, hemolysis, decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is implicated as a contributing factor to multiple organ damage in SCD. We hypothesize that inhibition of sickling by genetic manipulation to enhance antisickling fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression will have an ameliorating effect on oxidative stress by decreasing intravascular sickling and hemolysis and enhancing NO bioavailability. We tested this hypothesis in BERK (Berkeley) mice expressing exclusively human alpha- and beta(S)-globins and varying levels of HbF, i.e., BERK (<1% HbF), BERKgammaM (20% HbF) and BERKgammaH (40% HbF). Intravascular sickling showed a distinct decrease with increased expression of HbF, which was accompanied by decreased hemolysis and increased NO metabolites (NO(x)) levels. Consistent with decreased intravascular sickling and increased NO bioavailability, BERKgammaM and BERKgammaH mice showed markedly decreased lipid peroxidation accompanied by increased activity/levels of antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione (GSH)] in the muscle, kidney, and liver compared with BERK mice (P < 0.05-0.0001). NO(x) levels showed a strong inverse correlation with hemolytic rate and oxidative stress. Decreased oxidative stress in the presence of elevated HbF levels led to an anti-inflammatory effect as evidenced by decreased peripheral leukocyte counts. These results show that the protective effect of HbF is mediated primarily by decreasing intravascular sickling resulting in decreased oxidative stress and increased NO bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Dasgupta
- Dept. of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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105
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Kheradmand A, Alirezaei M, Asadian P, Rafiei Alavi E, Joorabi S. Antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA level in the rat testis following chronic administration of ghrelin. Andrologia 2009; 41:335-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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106
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Malaguti M, Angeloni C, Garatachea N, Baldini M, Leoncini E, Collado PS, Teti G, Falconi M, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Hrelia S. Sulforaphane treatment protects skeletal muscle against damage induced by exhaustive exercise in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2009; 107:1028-36. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00293.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SF), one of the most important isothiocyanates in the human diet, present in cruciferous vegetables, is known to have chemopreventive activities in different tissues. No data are available on its effects in the prevention of skeletal muscle damage. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of SF treatment on muscle damage and oxidative stress induced by an acute bout of exhaustive exercise in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with SF (25 mg/kg body wt ip) for 3 days before undergoing an acute exhaustive exercise protocol in a treadmill (+7% slope and 24 m/min). Acute exercise resulted in a significant increase in plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities. It also resulted in a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, in a significant decrease in tissue total antioxidant capacity, and in a significant decrease in NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) expression and activity in vastus lateralis muscle. SF treatment significantly increased muscle NQO1, glutathione- S-transferase, and glutathione reductase expression and activity, with no effect on glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. The observed SF-induced upregulation of phase II enzymes was accompanied by a significant increase in nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 expression and correlated with a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity and a decrease in plasma LDH and CPK activities. Our data demonstrate that SF acts as an indirect antioxidant in skeletal muscle and could play a critical role in the modulation of the muscle redox environment, leading to the prevention of exhaustive exercise-induced muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Malaguti
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Marta Baldini
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Leoncini
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Teti
- Department of Human Anatomical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department of Human Anatomical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi,” University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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107
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Scarfì S, Magnone M, Ferraris C, Pozzolini M, Benvenuto F, Benatti U, Giovine M. Ascorbic acid pre-treated quartz stimulates TNF-alpha release in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages through ROS production and membrane lipid peroxidation. Respir Res 2009; 10:25. [PMID: 19298665 PMCID: PMC2662810 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhalation of crystalline silica induces a pulmonary fibrotic degeneration called silicosis caused by the inability of alveolar macrophages to dissolve the crystalline structure of phagocytosed quartz particles. Ascorbic acid is capable of partially dissolving quartz crystals, leading to an increase of soluble silica concentration and to the generation of new radical sites on the quartz surface. The reaction is specific for the crystalline forms of silica. It has been already demonstrated an increased cytotoxicity and stronger induction of pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by ascorbic acid pre-treated quartz (QA) compared to untreated quartz (Q) in the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Methods Taking advantage of the enhanced macrophage response to QA as compared to Q particles, we investigated the first steps of cell activation and the contribution of early signals generated directly from the plasma membrane to the production of TNF-α, a cytokine that activates both inflammatory and fibrogenic pathways. Results Here we demonstrate that TNF-α mRNA synthesis and protein secretion are significantly increased in RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with QA as compared to Q particles, and that the enhanced response is due to an increase of intracellular ROS. Plasma membrane-particle contact, in the absence of phagocytosis, is sufficient to trigger TNF-α production through a mechanism involving membrane lipid peroxidation and this appears to be even more detrimental to macrophage survival than particle phagocytosis itself. Conclusion Taken together these data suggest that an impairment of pulmonary macrophage phagocytosis, i.e. in the case of alcoholic subjects, could potentiate lung disease in silica-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Scarfì
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
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108
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Andreazza AC, Kauer-Sant'anna M, Frey BN, Bond DJ, Kapczinski F, Young LT, Yatham LN. Oxidative stress markers in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2008; 111:135-44. [PMID: 18539338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is thought to mediate neuropathological processes of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders and recent data suggest that oxidative stress may be involved in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). In the present investigation, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies that evaluated markers of oxidative stress in individuals with BD, as compared to healthy controls. METHODS A Medline search was conducted to identify studies that measured peripheral markers of oxidative stress in bipolar disorder. Data were subjected to meta-analysis using a random effects model to examine the effect sizes of the pooled results. Bias assessment (Egger's test) and assessment of heterogeneity (I(2)) were also carried out. RESULTS Thiobarbituric acidic reactive substances (TBARS) (p = 0.001) as well as NO activity (p = 0.02) were significantly increased in BD with a large effect size for TBARS and a moderate effect size for increase in NO. No significant effect sizes were observed for the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (all p>0.05). LIMITATIONS Some caution is warranted in interpreting these results: (1) Egger's test was positive for SOD, suggesting that SOD results may have been influenced by a publication bias. (2) We analyzed the absolute values of each antioxidant enzyme separately and the literature suggests that an imbalance between the antioxidant enzymes is a better indication of the presence of oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis suggests that oxidative stress markers are increased in BD and that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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109
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Ahmed OM, El‐Gareib A, El‐bakry A, Abd El‐Tawab S, Ahmed R. Thyroid hormones states and brain development interactions. Int J Dev Neurosci 2007; 26:147-209. [PMID: 18031969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceBeni Suef UniversityEgypt
| | - A.W. El‐Gareib
- Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityEgypt
| | - A.M. El‐bakry
- Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceBeni Suef UniversityEgypt
| | | | - R.G. Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceBeni Suef UniversityEgypt
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110
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Tatli M, Guzel A, Kizil G, Kavak V, Yavuz M, Kizil M. Comparison of the effects of maternal protein malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction on redox state of central nervous system in offspring rats. Brain Res 2007; 1156:21-30. [PMID: 17512503 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Both maternal protein malnutrition and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have deleterious effects on brain development, but a comparison of these effects has not been previously reported. The objectives of this study were to investigate and compare the effects of both factors on the oxidative status of the central nervous system (CNS), including the spinal cord, in offspring rats. We evaluated various parameters of oxidative status and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT) in different regions of the CNS from 60-day-old rats subjected to prenatal and postnatal protein restrictions [middle protein restriction 12%, severe protein restriction (SPR) 4%] or IUGR produced by uterine artery ligation. Furthermore, we compared these study groups to each other and to control rats fed an isocaloric 24% protein diet. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Both protein restrictions and IUGR altered various parameters of oxidative status. In all evaluated structures, protein restrictions resulted in increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level and index of lipid peroxidation (P<0.001), and in decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities (P<0.005). IUGR also increased lipid peroxidation levels in the blood samples (P<0.04) and protein oxidative damage in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex (P<0.005); however, no effects were detected on the spinal cord. The greatest decrease in CAT activity was in the cerebellum of rats fed with SPR diet (P<0.001). This study suggests that not only severe but also middle protein malnutrition have deleterious effects on CNS structures, including the spinal cord. Protein restriction has a greater effect on the redox state of the CNS than IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Tatli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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111
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Akarsu S, Yilmaz S, Ozan S, Kurt A, Benzer F, Gurgoze MK. Effects of febrile and afebrile seizures on oxidant state in children. Pediatr Neurol 2007; 36:307-11. [PMID: 17509462 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2006] [Revised: 11/28/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
No comparative studies have addressed the oxidant and antioxidant states of blood and cerebrospinal fluid. To reveal this differential state, the study was designed to identify the seizure type with the worse prognosis by determining erythrocyte arginase and erythrocyte catalase, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid malondialdehyde, and plasma and cerebrospinal fluid nitric oxide levels. Study groups were classified as febrile (group 1, n = 21), afebrile (group 2, n = 21), and control (group 3, n = 41, subdivided as 3a, febris positive, convulsion negative, and 3b, febris negative, convulsion negative). Levels of erythrocyte arginase, erythrocyte catalase, plasma malondialdehyde, cerebrospinal fluid malondialdehyde, plasma nitric oxide, and cerebrospinal fluid nitric oxide levels were determined for all groups. A difference was detected between the control and febrile seizure groups with respect to erythrocyte catalase and plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of nitric oxide (P < 0.05). Both febrile states and convulsions influence oxidative mechanism. Oxidative stress-generating potential differs for febrile and afebrile seizures. In afebrile seizures, greater levels of oxidative stress might affect prognosis adversely. This phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of fever as a protective factor against possible neurological damage during convulsive seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadet Akarsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
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112
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Grignon S, Chianetta JM. Assessment of malondialdehyde levels in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis and some methodological considerations. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007; 31:365-9. [PMID: 17113206 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 09/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has long been suggested to participate in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Most of the published data on the subject rely on malondialdehyde levels assessment through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), despite significant methodological concerns. The present paper reports on a meta-analysis of studies published up to July 2006. Relevant studies were identified through PubMed search and the References section of experimental and review papers on the subject. Studies were retained for analysis if they provided adequate methods description, controls and subjects numbers, means and standard deviations. Using a random effect model, an effect size of 1.22 (CI: 0.64-1.80) was found, with significant bias and high heterogeneity. Inspection of the bias assessment plot suggested a lower value in the order of d approximately 0.5, in line with the results of the larger studies. The heterogeneity of the results appeared to be unrelated to assay type or biological sample. However a meta-regression analysis suggested an association, at trend level, between the precision-weighted effect size and the proportion of drug-free patients, which might therefore account for some of the heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Grignon
- Department of Psychiatry, Sherbrooke University School of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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113
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Chen L, Lee HM, Greeley GH, Englander EW. Accumulation of oxidatively generated DNA damage in the brain: a mechanism of neurotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 42:385-93. [PMID: 17210451 PMCID: PMC2049091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Revised: 11/02/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Unrepaired or erroneously repaired DNA lesions drive genomic instability and contribute to cellular and organ decline. Since delayed neuropathologies are common in survivors of smoke inhalation injuries, we asked whether the integrity of brain DNA might be compromised by acute exposure to combustion smoke. Although many studies demonstrate that the brain is equipped to repair oxidatively damaged DNA, to date, the capacity for accurate DNA repair under conditions of disrupted oxygenation and oxidative stress has not been defined. We show that DNA adducts detectable by their ability to block PCR amplification form in the rat hippocampus after acute exposure to smoke. To identify the different types of adducts and to dissect their temporal formation and repair profiles in vivo in the brain, we used DNA-modifying enzymes to convert specific adducts into strand breaks prior to PCR amplification. Using this strategy, we detected formation of oxidative DNA adducts early on after smoke inhalation, while mismatched bases emerged at the later recovery times, potentially due to an erroneous DNA repair process. Erroneous repair can be mutagenic and because the initial smoke-induced oxidative damage to DNA is extensive, compromised fidelity of DNA repair may underlie neurotoxicity and contribute to delayed death of hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuji Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, Texas
| | - Heung M Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Ella W Englander
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, Texas
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114
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Wörle-Knirsch JM, Kern K, Schleh C, Adelhelm C, Feldmann C, Krug HF. Nanoparticulate vanadium oxide potentiated vanadium toxicity in human lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:331-6. [PMID: 17265967 DOI: 10.1021/es061140x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxides may hold, as nanosized particles, a toxic potential to human health and the environment that is not present in the bulk material. Due to the high surface-to-volume ratio, small amounts can lead to strong oxidative damage within biological systems, impairing cellularfunctions as a consequence of their high surface reactivity. We report here on a new nanosized V203 material that has a needle-like structure with diameters of less than 30 nm and variable lengths. The potentiated toxicity of nanoscale vanadium oxide (V203) compared to bulk material is demonstrated here in human endo- and epithelial lung cells, and might be due to the higher catalytic surface of the particles. Reduction in cell viability is almost ten times stronger and starts with lowest concentrations of "nanoscaled" material (10 microg/mL). Vanadium oxide leads to an induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in a dose dependent manner in ECV304 cells whereas a reduction in protein levels can be observed for the epithelial cells (A549). Lipid peroxidation can be observed also for "nanoscaled" vanadium oxide to a much stronger extent in macrophages (RAW cells) than for bulk material. The observed effects can not only be explained by oxidation from V2O3 to V2O5 as there are significant differences between the novel nano vanadium and all used bulk materials (V203 and V205). It appears rather to be a nanoeffect of a high surface reactivity, here coupled with a yet unknown toxicity potentiating effect of a technically important catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg M Wörle-Knirsch
- Department of Molecular Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe
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115
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Comparison of spectrophotometric and HPLC methods for determination of lipid peroxidation products in rat brain tissues. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2007. [DOI: 10.2478/s11696-007-0040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTwo methods for determination of lipid peroxidation (LPX) products in rat brain homogenates were compared. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test and HPLC assay for analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) were applied. Rat brain homogenate dissolved in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris-HCl) was mixed with TBA and H3PO4 and heated at 100°C to form colored complex that was extracted into butanol. No significant differences were found between the contents of TBA-reacting substances and their amount deduced from the MDA-TBA analysis. The presented results show that LPX products in brain homogenates can be determined without interferences also by the TBA test. Moreover, a survey of various methods used for the sample preparation before analysis of LPX products originating from different brain areas was made and compared with the obtained results.
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116
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Dasgupta T, Hebbel RP, Kaul DK. Protective effect of arginine on oxidative stress in transgenic sickle mouse models. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 41:1771-80. [PMID: 17157180 PMCID: PMC1948977 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2005] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by reperfusion injury and chronic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and hemolysis in SCD result in inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) and depleted arginine levels. We hypothesized that augmenting NO production by arginine supplementation will reduce oxidative stress in SCD. To this end, we measured the effect of arginine (5% in mouse chow) on NO metabolites (NOx), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and selected antioxidants in transgenic sickle mouse models. Untreated transgenic sickle (NY1DD) mice (expressing approximately 75% beta(S)-globin of all beta-globins; mild pathology) and knockout sickle (BERK) mice (expressing exclusively hemoglobin S; severe pathology) showed reduced NOx levels and significant increases in the liver LPO compared with C57BL mice, with BERK mice showing maximal LPO increase in accordance with the disease severity. This was accompanied by reduced activity of antioxidants (glutathione, total superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). However, GSH levels in BERK were higher than in NY1DD mice, indicating a protective response to greater oxidative stress. Importantly, dietary arginine significantly increased NOx levels, reduced LPO, and increased antioxidants in both sickle mouse models. In contrast, nitro-L-arginine methylester, a potent nonselective NOS inhibitor, worsened the oxidative stress in NY1DD mice. Thus, the attenuating effect of arginine on oxidative stress in SCD mice suggests its potential application in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461
| | - Robert P Hebbel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delware Street, SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Dhananjay K. Kaul
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461
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117
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Mahmoud ME, Haggag SS, Hegazi AH. Synthesis, characterization, and sorption properties of silica gel-immobilized pyrimidine derivative. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 300:94-9. [PMID: 16643933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2006] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
5-Benzylidene-2-thiobarbituric acid (BzTBA), a pyrimidine derivative, was used to modify the surface of silica gel-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (Si-Cl) via chemical immobilization to produce a new pyrimidine silica phase (Si-BzTBA). Identification of the surface modification was characterized and performed on the basis of infrared as well as elemental analysis. Thermal desorption method was found to give 0.129-0.143 mmol g(-1) as surface coverage values. Metal sorption properties of Si-BzTBA were also studied and the evaluated results refer to the high metal sorption of Si-BzTBA for copper(II), mercury(II), cadmium(II), and lead(II) with the same order. These four Si-BzTBA-metal complexes were also synthesized and the stoichiometric ratios were identified as 1:1 except lead complex was found to give a 1:2 ratio. Electron impact-mass spectrometric analysis (EI-MS) with 70 eV ionization energy was used as a potential thermal method for the confirmation of surface modification of Si-BzTBA and its metal complexes based on fragmentation elucidation of thermally desorbed ion peaks. The EI-MS of Si-BzTBA was found to show several characteristic fragment ion peaks that are directly related to the chemical binding of BzTBA to SiCl phase. Differential scanning calorimetry study (DSC) was also performed to evaluate the various kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of thermal degradation processes and have been enumerated. The results of EI-MS and DSC are very similar in many respects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Mahmoud
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Chemistry Department, King Abdullaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Xu J, Cai R, Wu X, Lin Z. New Approach to Determination of Phenoxyl Free Radicals by Stopped‐Flow Spectrofluorimetry. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710600723965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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