101
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Kvapilová H, Hoskovcová I, Kayanuma M, Daniel C, Záliš S. Electronic excitations in Fischer-type Cr and W aminocarbene complexes: a combined ab initio and experimental study. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11456-63. [PMID: 24117112 DOI: 10.1021/jp4074027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the substitution on the carbene ligand in the series of Fischer-type Cr and W aminocarbene complexes was studied experimentally by UV-vis spectroscopy and theoretically by comparative ab initio SA-CASSCF/MS-CASPT2 and TD-DFT methods. Both calculations interpreted the experimental UV-vis spectra and their variations caused by substitution effects well. TD-DFT analysis of individual transitions using electron density redistributions indicated that the variation of the absorption spectra due to substitution is accompanied by a change in the character of the low-lying excited states participating in the visible bands. Correlated MS-CASPT2 calculations confirmed the TD-DFT assignments of the lowest-lying transitions in the visible region almost quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kvapilová
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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102
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Changes in ligating abilities of the singlet and triplet states of normal, abnormal and remote N-heterocyclic carbenes depending on their aromaticities. J Mol Model 2013; 19:5327-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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103
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Gessner VH, Meier F, Uhrich D, Kaupp M. Synthesis and bonding in carbene complexes of an unsymmetrical dilithio methandiide: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Chemistry 2013; 19:16729-39. [PMID: 24150833 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the preparation of a new unsymmetrical, bis(thiophosphinoyl)-substituted dilithio methandiide and its application for the synthesis of zirconium- and palladium-carbene complexes. These complexes were found to exhibit remarkably shielded (13)C NMR shifts, which are much more highfield-shifted than those of "normal" carbene complexes. DFT calculations were performed to determine the origin of these observations and to distinguish the electronic structure of these and related carbene complexes compared with the classical Fischer and Schrock-type complexes. Various methods show that these systems are best described as highly polarized Schrock-type complexes, in which the metal-carbon bond possesses more electrostatic contributions than in the prototype Schrock systems, or even as "masked" methandiides. As such, geminal dianions represent a kind of "extreme" Schrock-type ligands favoring the ionic resonance structure M(+)-CR2(-) as often used in textbooks to explain the nucleophilic nature of Schrock complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria H Gessner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
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104
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Bernhammer JC, Frison G, Huynh HV. Electronic Structure Trends in N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs) with Varying Number of Nitrogen Atoms and NHCTransition-Metal Bond Properties. Chemistry 2013; 19:12892-905. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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105
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van der Westhuizen B, Swarts PJ, van Jaarsveld LM, Liles DC, Siegert U, Swarts JC, Fernández I, Bezuidenhout DI. Substituent Effects on the Electrochemical, Spectroscopic, and Structural Properties of Fischer Mono- and Biscarbene Complexes of Chromium(0). Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6674-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4007422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pieter J. Swarts
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein
9300, South Africa
| | - Louise M. van Jaarsveld
- Chemistry Department, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa
| | - David C. Liles
- Chemistry Department, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Uwe Siegert
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein
9300, South Africa
| | - Jannie C. Swarts
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein
9300, South Africa
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento
de Química
Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela I. Bezuidenhout
- Chemistry Department, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028,
Pretoria, South Africa
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106
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Hollóczki O, Firaha DS, Friedrich J, Brehm M, Cybik R, Wild M, Stark A, Kirchner B. Carbene formation in ionic liquids: spontaneous, induced, or prohibited? J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:5898-907. [PMID: 23566121 DOI: 10.1021/jp4004399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of carbene formation from the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid in the absence and presence of CO2 in gas and liquid phase. Although CO2 physisorption constitutes a precursory step of chemisorption (the CO2's reaction with carbenes, which forms from cations via proton abstraction by anions), it also enables a very stable CO2-anion associate. However, this counteracts the chemical absorption by reducing the basicity of the anion and the electrophilicity of the CO2, which is reflected by charge transfer. Accordingly, the observable carbene formation in the gas phase is hindered in the presence of CO2. In the neat liquid, the carbene formation is also suppressed by the charge screening compared to the case of the gas phase; nevertheless, indications for carbene incidents appear. Interestingly, in the CO2-containing liquid we detect more carbene-like incidents than in the neat one, which is caused by the way CO2 is solvated. Despite the weakness of the CO2-cation interaction, the CO2-anion associate is distorted by cations, which can be seen in longer associate distances and reduced "binding" energies. While the single solvating anion is shifted away from CO2, many more solvating cations approach it compared to the case of the gas phase. This leads to the conclusion that while the ionic liquid effect stabilizes charged species, introducing neutral species such as CO2 provides an opposite trend, leading to an inverse ionic liquid effect with the facilitation of carbene formation and thus of chemical absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Centre for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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107
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Wolf LM, Denmark SE. A Theoretical Investigation on the Mechanism and Stereochemical Course of the Addition of (E)-2-Butenyltrimethylsilane to Acetaldehyde by Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4743-56. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311889v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larry M. Wolf
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana,
Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Scott E. Denmark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana,
Illinois 61801, United States
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108
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Cimpoesu F, Zaharia A, Stamate D, Panait P, Oprea CI, Gîrţu MA, Ferbinteanu M. New insights in the bonding regime and ligand field in Wernerian complexes. A density functional study. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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109
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Abstract
In the last decade an explosive development has been observed in the fields of both ionic liquids (ILs) as potential chemically inert solvents with many possible technical applications, and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as catalysts with superb performance. Since the cations of many ILs can be deprotonated by strong bases yielding NHCs, this two fields are inherently connected. It has only recently been recognized that some of the commonly used basic anions of the ILs (such as acetate) are able to deprotonate azolium cations. While the resulting NHC could clearly be observed in the vapor phase, in the liquid - where the mutual electrostatic interactions within the ion network stabilize the ion pairs - the neutral NHC cannot be detected by commonly used analytical techniques; however, from these ionic liquids NHCs can be trapped, e.g., by complex formation, or more importantly these ILs can be directly used as catalysts, since the NHC content is sufficiently large for these applications. Apart from imidazole-2-ylidenes, the formation of other highly reactive neutral species ("abnormal carbenes," 2-alkylideneimidazoles, pyridine-ylidenes or pyridinium-ylides) is feasible in highly basic ionic liquids. The cross-fertilizing overlap between the two fields may provide access to a great advance in both areas, and we give an overview here on the results published so far, and also on the remaining possibilities and challenges in the concept of "carbenes from ionic liquids."
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Affiliation(s)
- Oldamur Hollóczki
- Wilhelm-Ostwald Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany,
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110
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van der Westhuizen B, Swarts PJ, Strydom I, Liles DC, Fernández I, Swarts JC, Bezuidenhout DI. Electrochemical illumination of thienyl and ferrocenyl chromium(0) Fischer carbene complexes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:5367-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32913e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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111
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Angelici RJ. Bulk gold (non-nanogold) catalysis of aerobic oxidations of amines, isocyanides, carbon monoxide, and carbene precursors. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cy20348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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112
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Ranganath KVS, Onitsuka S, Kumar AK, Inanaga J. Recent progress of N-heterocyclic carbenes in heterogeneous catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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113
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Ishikawa A, Tanimura Y, Nakao Y, Sato H, Sakaki S. Complicated Electronic Process of C–C σ-Bond Activation of Cyclopropene by Ruthenium and Iridium Complexes: Theoretical Study. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300811g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ishikawa
- Department
of Molecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yudai Tanimura
- Department
of Molecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Nakao
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental
Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishihiraki-cho
34-4, Takano, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department
of Molecular Engineering,
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental
Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishihiraki-cho
34-4, Takano, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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114
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Bachler V. A quantum chemical calculation on Fe(CO)5 revealing the operation of the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model. J Comput Chem 2012; 33:1936-47. [PMID: 22674406 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A nonstandard computational scheme has been applied to calculate Fe(CO)(5) with the aim to illustrate the operation of the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model by computation. A full configuration interaction (CI) calculation in an active space has been performed. The active space is built from naturally localized molecular orbitals (NLMOs) localized in bond regions or forming lone pairs. For selecting this active space, Weinhold's perturbation theory formulated in the natural bond orbital (NBO) space has been applied. Bonding, lone pair, and antibond NBOs exhibiting large interaction energies serve to define the active space. The actually applied active space, however, comprises NLMOs that are close in shape to the NBOs indicated by perturbation theory. Thus, a CI calculation with localized orbitals has been performed meeting the classical reasoning of chemists that is often based on local bonding concepts. The computational scheme yields the Lewis structure for Fe(CO)(5) whose energy is identical to the Hartree-Fock energy. The Lewis energy comprises CO → Fe σ-electron transfer (ET) and CO ← Fe electron back donation (BD). This Lewis energy gets lowered by localized correlation energy contributions caused by ET processes where electrons are back donated from the Fe d-lone pairs into the CO ligands. Thus, electron correlation within the selected active space is dominated by electron BD. Energies and electron populations of the NBOs support the notion that electrons are preferentially back donated into the equatorial CO ligands. Weights of local Slater determinants, determining the correlation energy, also point to a predominant BD into the equatorial CO ligands. Correlation energy increments resulting from electron BD into single antibond orbitals of the CO ligands have been calculated. These energy quantities also demonstrate that BD into the equatorial CO ligands is more energy lowering than BD into the axial CO ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinzenz Bachler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Postfach 101365, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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115
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Nguyen TAN, Frenking G. Transition-Metal Complexes of Tetrylones [(CO)5W-E(PPh3)2] and Tetrylenes [(CO)5W-NHE] (E=C-Pb): A Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2012; 18:12733-48. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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116
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Ghiasi R. Chemical bonding and properties in [Ni(N-heterocylic carbene)(NO)(R)] (R = H, Me, HC=CH2, and C≡CH) complexes: Theoretical insights. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476612020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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117
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Credendino R, Falivene L, Cavallo L. π-Face donation from the aromatic N-substituent of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands to metal and its role in catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8127-35. [PMID: 22524408 DOI: 10.1021/ja212133j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we calculate the redox potential in a series of Ir and Ru complexes bearing a N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand presenting different Y groups in the para position of the aromatic N-substituent. The calculated redox potentials excellently correlate with the experimental ΔE(1/2) potentials, offering a handle to rationalize the experimental findings. Analysis of the HOMO of the complexes before oxidation suggests that electron-donating Y groups destabilize the metal centered HOMO. Energy decomposition of the metal-NHC interaction indicates that electron-donating Y groups reinforce this interaction in the oxidized complexes. Analysis of the electron density in the reduced and oxidized states of representative complexes indicates a clear donation from the C(ipso) of the N-substituents to an empty d orbital on the metal. In case of the Ru complexes, this mechanism involves the Ru-alkylidene moiety. All of these results suggest that electron-donating Y groups render the aromatic N-substituent able to donate more density to electron-deficient metals through the C(ipso) atom. This conclusion suggests that electron-donating Y groups could stabilize higher oxidation states during catalysis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of differently donating Y groups in model reactions of Ru-catalyzed olefin metathesis and Pd-catalyzed C-C cross-coupling. Consistent with the experimental results, calculations indicate an easier reaction pathway if the N-substituent of the NHC ligand presents an electron-donating Y group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Credendino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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118
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Bezuidenhout DI, Lotz S, Liles DC, van der Westhuizen B. Recent advances in the field of multicarbene and multimetal carbene complexes of the Fischer-type. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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119
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120
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Oertel AM, Ritleng V, Chetcuti MJ. Synthesis and Catalytic Activity in Suzuki Coupling of Nickel Complexes Bearing n-Butyl- and Triethoxysilylpropyl-Substituted NHC Ligands: Toward the Heterogenization of Molecular Catalysts. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om201101g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Magdalena Oertel
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ritleng
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael J. Chetcuti
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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121
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Bayat M, Salehzadeh S, Frenking G. Energy decomposition analysis of the metal-imine bond in [(CO)4M–SB] (M = Cr, Mo, W; SB: RHCN–CH2CH2–NCHR). J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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122
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Ingleson MJ, Layfield RA. N-Heterocyclic carbene chemistry of iron: fundamentals and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3579-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc18021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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123
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Berry JF. The role of three-center/four-electron bonds in superelectrophilic dirhodium carbene and nitrene catalytic intermediates. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:700-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11434d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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124
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Oertel AM, Ritleng V, Burr L, Chetcuti MJ. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Half-Sandwich Nickel Complexes Bearing Two Different N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200864z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Magdalena Oertel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ritleng
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Loïc Burr
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael J. Chetcuti
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organométallique Appliquée,
UMR CNRS 7509, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères
et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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125
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Comas-Vives A, Harvey JN. How Important Is Backbonding in Metal Complexes Containing N-Heterocyclic Carbenes? Structural and NBO Analysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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126
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Bayat M, von Hopffgarten M, Salehzadeh S, Frenking G. Energy decomposition analysis of the metal–oxime bond in [M{RC(NOH)C(NO)R}2] (M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), R = CH3, H, F, Cl, Br, Ph, CF3). J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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127
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Slivarichova M, Ahmad R, Kuo YY, Nunn J, Haddow MF, Othman H, Owen GR. New Mixed-Donor Bidentate Ligands Based on N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Thione Donors. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200629j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruaa Ahmad
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Yu-Ying Kuo
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Joshua Nunn
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Mairi F. Haddow
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Hafiizah Othman
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Gareth R. Owen
- The School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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128
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Oertel AM, Freudenreich J, Gein J, Ritleng V, Veiros LF, Chetcuti MJ. Intramolecular Nitrile C–H Bond Activation in Nickel NHC Complexes: A Route to New Nickelacycles. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200246k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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129
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Occhipinti G, Jensen VR. Nature of the Transition Metal–Carbene Bond in Grubbs Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200181y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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130
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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131
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Belof JL, Cioce CR, Xu X, Zhang XP, Space B, Woodcock HL. Characterization of Tunable Radical Metal-Carbenes: Key Intermediates in Catalytic Cyclopropanation. Organometallics 2011; 30:2739-2746. [PMID: 21643517 PMCID: PMC3105361 DOI: 10.1021/om2001348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new class of radical metal-carbene complex has been characterized as having Fischer-like orbital interactions and adjacent π acceptor stabilization. Density Functional Theory (DFT) along with Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis and Charge Decomposition Analysis (CDA) has given insight into the electronics of this catalytic intermediate in an open-shell cobalt-porphyrin, [Co(Por)], system. The complex has a single bond from the metal to the carbene and has radical character with localized spin density on the carbene carbon. In addition, the carbene carbon is found to be nucleophilic and "tunable" through the introduction of different α-carbon substituents. Finally, based on these findings, rational design strategies are proposed which should lead to the enhancement of catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L. Belof
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550
| | - Christian R. Cioce
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
| | - X. Peter Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
| | - Brian Space
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
| | - H. Lee Woodcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., CHE205, Tampa, FL 33620-5250
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132
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N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Au, Pd, and Pt as Effective Catalysts in Organic Synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 302:131-55. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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133
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Synthesis and characterization of Palladium(II) complexes of chiral chelating NHC–N donor hybrid ligands. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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134
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Antonova NS, Carbó JJ, Poblet JM. Theoretical characterization of a Ru N-Heterocyclic Carbene derivative of a polyoxometalate. Enhanced π-interaction in oxide supported TM-organic linkages. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:2975-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01489c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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135
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Bezuidenhout DI, Barnard W, van der Westhuizen B, van der Watt E, Liles DC. Multimetal Fischer carbene complexes of Group VI transition metals: synthesis, structure and substituent effect investigation. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:6711-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10183h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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136
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Kunz PC, Wetzel C, Kögel S, Kassack MU, Spingler B. [(C3H4N2)2Au]Cl—a bis protic gold(i)-NHC. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:35-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01089h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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137
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Poater A, Ragone F, Garrido M, Pérez S, Poch M, Correa A, Cavallo L. Deactivation of Ru-benzylidene Grubbs catalysts active in olefin metathesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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138
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Layfield RA, McDouall JJW, Scheer M, Schwarzmaier C, Tuna F. Structure and bonding in three-coordinate N-heterocyclic carbene adducts of iron(ii) bis(trimethylsilyl)amide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10623-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14576b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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139
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Senthilnathan D, Vaideeswaran S, Venuvanalingam P, Frenking G. Antitumor activity of bent metallocenes: electronic structure analysis using DFT computations. J Mol Model 2010; 17:465-75. [PMID: 20495841 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor activities of bent metallocenes [Cp-M-Cp](2+) (M = Ti, V, Nb, Mo) and complexes of them with guanine, adenine, thymine and cytosine nucleotides have been probed using electronic structure calculations. DFT/BP86 calculations have revealed that the bent metallocene-nucleotide interaction strongly depends on the stability of the hydrolyzed form of the bent metallocene dichloride [Cp(2)M](2+) species, and in turn the stability of the [Cp(2)M](2+) species strongly depends on the electronic structure of [Cp(2)M](2+). Detailed electronic structure and Walsh energy analyses have been carried out for the hydrolyzed forms of four [Cp-M-Cp](2+) (M = Ti, V, Nb, Mo) species to find out why the bent structure is unusually stable. Energy changes that occur during the bending process in frontier molecular orbitals as well as the p(π)-d(π) overlap have been invoked to account for the anticipated antitumor activities of these species. The bonding situation and the interactions in bent metallocene-nucleotide adducts were elucidated by fragment analysis. Of the four nucleotides complexed with the four bent metallocenes, adenine and guanine show better binding abilities than the other two nucleotides. Metallocenes of second-row transition metals exhibit better binding with pyrimidine-base nucleotides. In particular, the Lewis acidic bent metallocenes interact strongly with nucleotides. The antitumor activity is directly related to the binding strength of the bent metallocene with nucleotide adducts, and the computed interaction energy values correlate very well with the experimentally observed antitumor activities.
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140
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Besora M, Vyboishchikov SF, Lledós A, Maseras F, Carmona E, Poveda ML. Mechanism for Hydride-Assisted Rearrangement from Ethylidene to Ethylene in Iridium Cationic Complexes. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Besora
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Departament de Química, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergei F. Vyboishchikov
- Institut de Química Computacional, Campus de Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament de Química, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Departament de Química, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel L. Poveda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas and Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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141
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Properties of homo- and heteronuclear mixed biscarbene complexes with conjugated bithiophene units. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2009.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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142
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Liu Z. On the nature of BCcarbene bonding in a stable neutral diborene. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:084303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3326225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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143
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Wang W, Wang F, Shi M. Bis(NHC)-Palladium(II) Complex-Catalyzed Dioxygenation of Alkenes. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om900975a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Feijun Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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144
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Andrada DM, Michoff MEZ, Rossi RHD, Granados AM. Role of the hydrophobicity on the thermodynamic and kinetic acidity of Fischer thiocarbene complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:6616-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c000141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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145
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Petz W, Öxler F, Neumüller B. Syntheses and crystal structures of linear coordinated complexes of Ag+ with the ligands C(PPh3)2 and (HC{PPh3}2)+. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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146
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Greenman L, Mazziotti DA. Energy Barriers of Vinylidene Carbene Reactions from the Anti-Hermitian Contracted Schrödinger Equation. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:583-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp907890d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Loren Greenman
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - David A. Mazziotti
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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147
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Díez-González S, Marion N, Nolan SP. N-heterocyclic carbenes in late transition metal catalysis. Chem Rev 2009; 109:3612-76. [PMID: 19588961 DOI: 10.1021/cr900074m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2580] [Impact Index Per Article: 172.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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148
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Jimenez-Halla J, Solà M. Dötz Benzannulation Reactions: Heteroatom and Substituent Effects in Chromium Fischer Carbene Complexes. Chemistry 2009; 15:12503-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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149
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Parameswaran P, Frenking G. Transition-Metal Complexes [(PMe3)2Cl2M(E)] and [(PMe3)2(CO)2M(E)] with Naked Group 14 Atoms (E=C-Sn) as Ligands; Part 1: Parent Compounds. Chemistry 2009; 15:8807-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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150
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Portnyagin IA, Nechaev MS. Germylene and stannylene (Me2NCH2CH2O)2E as strong σ-donor ligands for transition metal complexes [ML(CO)n] (E=Ge, Sn; M=Cr, Mo, W, n=4 or 5; M=Fe, n=4). Synthesis, spectroscopic and theoretical study. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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