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Gautam B, Yu HH. Self-Cleaning Cotton Obtained after Grafting Thermoresponsive Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2920. [PMID: 33291497 PMCID: PMC7762131 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the performance of smart textiles would be enhanced if they could display self-cleaning ability toward various kinds of contamination, the procedures that have been used previously to impart the self-cleaning potential to these functional fabrics (solvent casting, dip coating, spin coating, surface crosslinking) have typically been expensive and/or limited by uncontrollable polymer thicknesses and morphologies. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of atomic transfer radical polymerization for the surface-initiated grafting of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), a thermoresponsive polymer, onto cotton. We confirmed the thermoresponsiveness and reusability of the resulting fabric through water contact angle measurements and various surface characterization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). Finally, we validated the self-cleaning performance of the fabric by washing away an immobilized fluorescent protein in deionized water under thermal stimulus. Fluorescence micrographs revealed that, after the fifth wash cycle, the fabric surface had undergone efficient self-cleaning of the stain, making it an effective self-cleaning material. This approach appears to have potential for application in the fields of smart textiles, responsive substrates, and functional fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskarchand Gautam
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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103
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Morfin-Gutierrez A, Sánchez-Orozco JL, García-Cerda LA, Puente-Urbina B, Meléndez-Ortiz HI. Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on poly(N-vinycaprolactam) and magnetic nanoparticles for using as drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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104
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Hogan KJ, Mikos AG. Biodegradable thermoresponsive polymers: Applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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105
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Mokhtarinia K, Masaeli E. Transiently thermally responsive surfaces: Concepts for cell sheet engineering. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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106
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González-Sálamo J, Ortega-Zamora C, Carrillo R, Hernández-Borges J. Application of stimuli-responsive materials for extraction purposes. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461764. [PMID: 33316565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials, frequently designated as "smart/intelligent materials", can modify their structure or properties by either a biological, physical, or chemical stimulus which, if properly controlled, could be used for specific applications. Such materials have been studied and exploited in several fields, like electronics, photonics, controlled drugs administration, imaging and medical diagnosis, among others, as well as in Analytical Chemistry where they have been used as chromatographic stationary phases, as part of sensors and for extraction purposes. This review article pretends to provide an overview of the most recent applications of these materials (mostly polymeric materials) in sample preparation for extraction purposes, as well as to provide a general vision of the current state-of-the-art of this field, their potential use and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González-Sálamo
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
| | - Cecilia Ortega-Zamora
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Romen Carrillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología IPNA-CSIC. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
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107
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Mochizuki K. On-Off of Co-non-solvency for Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) in Alcohol-Water Mixtures: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9951-9957. [PMID: 33086006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) exhibits co-non-solvency in aqueous solutions of 2-propanol but not in methanol. What distinguishes the impact of these two cosolvents on the polymer conformational stability? We report a molecular dynamics simulation study on PVCL 50-mer and monomers dissolved in methanol-water and 2-propanol-water mixtures. We show that the alcohol-concentration dependence of the effective attraction between a pair of PVCL monomers closely resembles the conformational changes in a single PVCL 50-mer as well as the experimentally observed behavior for PVCL chains. We also found that, at the co-non-solvency maximum, the monomer-monomer attraction works over a long-range beyond the solvent-separated distance. Then, we correlate the long-range attraction to the appearance of a dense alcohol concentration accumulated between the monomers. Furthermore, we distinctly demonstrate that the co-non-solvency of PVCL monomers can be switched on/off by artificially tuning the alcohol size while keeping the energetic parameters. Thus, we conclude that the magnitude of the excluded volume effect in alcohol accompanying the gain in translational entropy of the solvent is crucial to the occurrence of PVCL polymer co-non-solvency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310028, P. R. China
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108
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Poly (N-Vinyl caprolactam), a thermal responsive support with tunable phase transition temperature for catalyst. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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109
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González-Ayón MA, Licea-Claverie A, Sañudo-Barajas JA. Different Strategies for the Preparation of Galactose-Functionalized Thermo-Responsive Nanogels with Potential as Smart Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2150. [PMID: 32967249 PMCID: PMC7569999 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Different synthetic strategies were tested for the incorporation of galactose molecules on thermoresponsive nanogels owing to their affinity for receptors expressed in cancer cells. Three families of galactose-functionalized poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) nanogels were prepared with the aim to control the introduction of galactose-moieties into the core, the core-shell interface and the shell. First and second of the above mentioned, were prepared via surfactant free emulsion polymerization (SFEP) by a free-radical mechanism and the third one, via SFEP/reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Synthetic recipes for the SFEP/free radical method included besides N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL), a shell forming poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), while the galactose (GAL) moiety was introduced via 6-O-acryloyl-1,2,:3,4-bis-O-(1-methyl-ethylidene)-α-D-galactopiranose (6-ABG, protected GAL-monomer): nanogels I, or 2-lactobionamidoethyl methacrylate (LAMA, GAL-monomer): nanogels II. For the SFEP/RAFT methodology poly(2-lactobionamidoethyl methacrylate) as GAL macro-chain transfer agent (PLAMA macro-CTA) was first prepared and on a following stage, the macro-CTA was copolymerized with PEGMA and NVCL, nanogels III. The crosslinker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was added in both methodologies for the polymer network construction. Nanogel's sizes obtained resulted between 90 and 370 nm. With higher content of PLAMA macro-CTA or GAL monomer in nanogels, a higher the phase-transition temperature (TVPT) was observed with values ranging from 28 to 46 °C. The ρ-parameter, calculated by the ratio of gyration and hydrodynamic radii from static (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering measurements, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs suggest that core-shell nanogels of flexible chains were obtained; in either spherical (nanogels II and III) or hyperbranched (nanogels I) form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian A. González-Ayón
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, Tijuana 22454, Mexico;
| | - Angel Licea-Claverie
- Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apartado Postal 1166, Tijuana 22454, Mexico;
| | - J. Adriana Sañudo-Barajas
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C. Carretera a El dorado Km 5.5, Culiacán 80110, Mexico;
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110
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Li X, Hu S, Lin Z, Yi J, Liu X, Tang X, Wu Q, Zhang G. Dual-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles coated with carbon dots and polymers for drug encapsulation and delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2447-2458. [PMID: 32945224 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Smart mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) coated with carbon dots (CDs) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) as a mixed shell (CDs/PNVCL polymer grafted MSNs) were prepared for pH-trigged anticancer drug release and real-time monitoring. Materials & methods: The amino-terminated PNVCL and amino-rich CDs were grafted onto the surface of aldehyde group functionalized MSNs through Schiff base reaction. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into the prepared nanoparticles. Results: DOX could be quickly released in the tumor environment, leading to cell apoptosis. The linear fit between the percentage of released DOX and the fluorescence intensity of CDs indicated that the change in fluorescence intensity could be used to monitor drug release in real time. Conclusion: The as-prepared CDs/PNVCL polymer grafted MSNs are promising candidates for integrating controllable release and real-time monitoring in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Li
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Shun Hu
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Jie Yi
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xue Liu
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xiuping Tang
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis & Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
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111
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112
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Double hydrophilic block copolymers self-assemblies in biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 283:102213. [PMID: 32739324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Double-hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs), consisting of at least two different water-soluble blocks, are an alternative to the classical amphiphilic block copolymers and have gained increasing attention in the field of biomedical applications. Although the chemical nature of the two blocks can be diverse, most classical DHBCs consist of a bioeliminable non-ionic block to promote solubilization in water, like poly(ethylene glycol), and a second block that is more generally a pH-responsive block capable of interacting with another ionic polymer or substrate. This second block is generally non-degradable and the presence of side chain functional groups raises the question of its fate and toxicity, which is a limitation in the frame of biomedical applications. In this review, following a first part dedicated to recent examples of non-degradable DHBCs, we focus on the DHBCs that combine a biocompatible and bioeliminable non-ionic block with a degradable functional block including polysaccharides, polypeptides, polyesters and other miscellaneous polymers. Their use to design efficient drug delivery systems for various biomedical applications through stimuli-dependent self-assembly is discussed along with the current challenges and future perspectives for this class of copolymers.
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113
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Intrinsic viscosity of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) with varying the architecture. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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114
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Eklund A, Zhang H, Zeng H, Priimagi A, Ikkala O. Fast Switching of Bright Whiteness in Channeled Hydrogel Networks. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2000754. [PMID: 32684907 PMCID: PMC7357574 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Beside pigment absorption and reflection by periodic photonic structures, natural species often use light scattering to achieve whiteness. Synthetic hydrogels offer opportunities in stimuli-responsive materials and devices; however, they are not conventionally considered as ideal materials to achieve high whiteness by scattering due to the ill-defined porosities and the low refractive index contrast between the polymer and water. Herein, a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel network with percolated empty channels (ch-PNIPAm) is demonstrated to possess switchable bright whiteness upon temperature changes, obtained by removing the physical agarose gel in a semi-interpenetrating network of agarose and PNIPAm. The hydrogel is highly transparent at room temperature and becomes brightly white above 35 °C. Compared to conventional PNIPAm, the ch-PNIPAm hydrogel exhibits 80% higher reflectance at 800 nm and 18 times faster phase transition kinetics. The nanoscopic channels in the ch-PNIPAm facilitate water diffusion upon phase transition, thus enabling the formation of smaller pores and enhanced whiteness in the gel. Furthermore, fast photothermally triggered response down to tens of milliseconds can be achieved. This unique property of the ch-PNIPAm hydrogel to efficiently scatter visible light can be potentially used for, e.g., smart windows, optical switches, and, as demonstrated in this report, thermoresponsive color displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Eklund
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
| | - Hao Zeng
- Smart Photonic MaterialsFaculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityP.O. Box 541TampereFI‐33101Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic MaterialsFaculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityP.O. Box 541TampereFI‐33101Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityP.O. Box 15100EspooFI 02150Finland
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115
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Luo GF, Chen WH, Zhang XZ. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Thermally Responsive Micelles. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:872-881. [PMID: 35648534 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)-based thermally responsive micelles are of great importance as smart materials for a number of applications such as drug delivery and biosensing, owing to their tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Their design and synthesis in the nanoscale size range have been widely studied, and research interest in their structural and physic-chemical properties is continually growing. In this Viewpoint, representative research on the construction of PNIPAAm-based thermally responsive micelles as well as their applications are highlighted and discussed, which would serve as a good start for newcomers in this field and a positive guide for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
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116
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Semina E, Tuzina P, Bienewald F, Hashmi ASK, Schaub T. Ruthenium-catalyzed synthesis of vinylamides at low acetylene pressure. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5977-5980. [PMID: 32347853 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01533d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of cyclic amides with acetylene under low pressure, using ruthenium-phosphine catalysts, afforded a broad variety of N-vinylated amides including (azabicyclic) lactams, oxazolidinones, benzoisoxazolones, isoindolinones, quinoxalinones, oxazinanones, cyclic urea derivatives (imidazolidinones), nucleobases (thymine), amino acid anhydrides and thiazolidinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Semina
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Tuzina
- Organic Synthesis, BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - Frank Bienewald
- Organic Synthesis, BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany and Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany and Organic Synthesis, BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
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117
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Moraes RM, Carvalho LT, Alves GM, Medeiros SF, Bourgeat-Lami E, Santos AM. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Poly( N-Vinylcaprolactam)- b-Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Block Copolymers via the Combination of RAFT/MADIX and Ring-Opening Polymerizations. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061252. [PMID: 32486145 PMCID: PMC7362203 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-defined amphiphilic, biocompatible and partially biodegradable, thermo-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PNVCL-b-PCL) block copolymers were synthesized by combining reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and ring-opening polymerizations (ROP). Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) containing xanthate and hydroxyl end groups (X–PNVCL–OH) was first synthesized by RAFT/macromolecular design by the interchange of xanthates (RAFT/MADIX) polymerization of NVCL mediated by a chain transfer agent containing a hydroxyl function. The xanthate-end group was then removed from PNVCL by a radical-induced process. Finally, the hydroxyl end-capped PNVCL homopolymer was used as a macroinitiator in the ROP of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) to obtain PNVCL-b-PCL block copolymers. These (co)polymers were characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), UV–vis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the block copolymers in aqueous solution measured by the fluorescence probe technique decreased with increasing the length of the hydrophobic block. However, dynamic light scattering (DLS) demonstrated that the size of the micelles increased with increasing the proportion of hydrophobic segments. The morphology observed by cryo-TEM demonstrated that the micelles have a pointed-oval-shape. UV–vis and DLS analyses showed that these block copolymers have a temperature-responsive behavior with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) that could be tuned by varying the block copolymer composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo M. Moraes
- Laboratory of Polymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, EEL-USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, P.O. Box 116, Lorena SP 12602-810, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (L.T.C.); (G.M.A.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Layde T. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Polymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, EEL-USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, P.O. Box 116, Lorena SP 12602-810, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (L.T.C.); (G.M.A.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Gizelda M. Alves
- Laboratory of Polymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, EEL-USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, P.O. Box 116, Lorena SP 12602-810, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (L.T.C.); (G.M.A.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Simone F. Medeiros
- Laboratory of Polymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, EEL-USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, P.O. Box 116, Lorena SP 12602-810, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (L.T.C.); (G.M.A.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Elodie Bourgeat-Lami
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bvd. du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence: (E.B.-L.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Amilton M. Santos
- Laboratory of Polymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, EEL-USP, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, P.O. Box 116, Lorena SP 12602-810, Brazil; (R.M.M.); (L.T.C.); (G.M.A.); (S.F.M.)
- Correspondence: (E.B.-L.); (A.M.S.)
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118
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Schäfer D, Fink F, Kleinschmidt D, Keisers K, Thomas F, Hoffmann A, Pich A, Herres-Pawlis S. Enhanced catalytic activity of copper complexes in microgels for aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5601-5604. [PMID: 32355940 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02433c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytically active copper bis(pyrazolyl)methane complexes have been anchored into pVCL-GMA microgels on specified positions within the microgel network. Functionalized microgels act as nanoreactors providing a tailored environment and stabilization for the copper complexes thus increasing the product yield. The oxidation of benzyl alcohols to their respective aldehydes was chosen as a test reaction to show the enhancement of catalytic activity due to the immobilization of the copper complex compared to the copper salt and the molecular copper complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Schäfer
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Fink
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Denise Kleinschmidt
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany. and Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials (DWI), Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Keisers
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Thomas
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Andrij Pich
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany. and Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials (DWI), Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany and Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Chair of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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119
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Halligan S, Murray K, Hopkins M, Rogers I, Lyons J, Vrain O, Geever L. Enhancing and controlling the critical attributes of poly (
N
‐vinylcaprolactam) through electron beam irradiation for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane Halligan
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Michael Hopkins
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - Ian Rogers
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | - John Lyons
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
| | | | - Luke Geever
- Applied Polymer Technologies GatewayMaterials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology Ireland
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120
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Sun X, Tyagi P, Agate S, McCord MG, Lucia LA, Pal L. Highly tunable bioadhesion and optics of 3D printable PNIPAm/cellulose nanofibrils hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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121
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Yin Y, Hu B, Yuan X, Cai L, Gao H, Yang Q. Nanogel: A Versatile Nano-Delivery System for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E290. [PMID: 32210184 PMCID: PMC7151186 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanogel-based nanoplatforms have become a tremendously promising system of drug delivery. Nanogels constructed by chemical crosslinking or physical self-assembly exhibit the ability to encapsulate hydrophilic or hydrophobic therapeutics, including but not limited to small-molecule compounds and proteins, DNA/RNA sequences, and even ultrasmall nanoparticles, within their 3D polymer network. The nanosized nature of the carriers endows them with a specific surface area and inner space, increasing the stability of loaded drugs and prolonging their circulation time. Reactions or the cleavage of chemical bonds in the structure of drug-loaded nanogels have been shown to trigger the controlled or sustained drug release. Through the design of specific chemical structures and different methods of production, nanogels can realize diverse responsiveness (temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive and redox-sensitive), and enable the stimuli-responsive release of drugs in the microenvironments of various diseases. To improve therapeutic outcomes and increase the precision of therapy, nanogels can be modified by specific ligands to achieve active targeting and enhance the drug accumulation in disease sites. Moreover, the biomembrane-camouflaged nanogels exhibit additional intelligent targeted delivery features. Consequently, the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, as well as the combinational therapy strategy, result in the improved efficacy of disease treatments, though the introduction of a multifunctional nanogel-based drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Ben Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Xiao Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Li Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research, Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
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122
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Muralter F, Greco F, Coclite AM. Applicability of Vapor-Deposited Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Thin Films in Ultrafast Humidity Sensors/Actuators. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2020; 2:1160-1168. [PMID: 32201862 PMCID: PMC7076731 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers reversibly react to changes in temperature and water content of their environment (i.e., relative humidity, RH). In the present contribution, the thermoresponsiveness of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) thin films cross-linked by di(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether deposited by initiated chemical vapor deposition are investigated to assess their applicability to sensor and actuator setups. A lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is observed at around 16 °C in aqueous environment, associated with a dramatic change in film thickness (e.g., 200% increase at low temperatures) and refractive index, while only thermal expansion of the polymeric system is found, when ramping the temperature in dry atmosphere. In humid environment, we observed a significant response occurring in low RH (already below 5% RH), with the moisture swelling the thin film (up to 4%), but mainly replacing air in the polymeric structure up to ∼40% RH. Non-temperature-dependent swelling is observed up to 80% RH. Above that, thermoresponsive behavior is also demonstrated to be present in humid environment for the first time, whereas toward 100% RH, film thickness and index appear to approach the values obtained in water at the respective temperatures. The response times are similar in a large range of RH and are faster than the ones of the reference humidity sensor used (i.e., seconds). A sensor/actuator hygromorphic device was built by coating a thin flower-shaped poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate with the thermoresponsive polymer. The large swelling due to water uptake upon exposure to humid environment at temperatures below the LCST caused the petals to bend, mimicking the capability of plants to respond to environmental stimuli via reversible mechanical motion.
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123
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Feng Z, Zhao W, Liang Z, Lv Y, Xiang F, Sun D, Xiong C, Duan C, Dai L, Ni Y. A New Kind of Nonconventional Luminogen Based on Aliphatic Polyhydroxyurethane and Its Potential Application in Ink-Free Anticounterfeiting Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11005-11015. [PMID: 32069010 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic luminogens have extensive applications due to their unique photophysical properties. In recent years, nonconjugated organic luminogens, in contrast to traditional conjugated luminogens, have gained much attention because of their facile preparation, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility. In this study, a new kind of nonconventional luminogen based on dynamic covalent cross-linked polyhydroxyurethane is reported for the first time. The new luminogen not only exhibits intrinsic strong fluorescent emission in the solid state but also possesses high mechanical properties along with good shape memory and self-healing properties. In addition, the new luminogens are synthesized from aliphatic polyfunctional cyclic carbonate and amines via a much more straightforward method, avoiding the use of toxic isocyanates. Investigations indicated that the intrinsic luminescence of the resultant luminogens was induced by the cross-linking of polymer chains and could be well tuned by controlling the degree of cross-linking. By taking advantage of the unique characteristics of the resultant polymer luminogens, we further developed a facile method, named "light-mediated ink-free screen printing", for anticounterfeiting paper fabrication. Different from traditional ink-based printing technology, the new method used UV-light instead of expensive security ink to encode anticounterfeiting information on natural cellulose paper. The anticounterfeiting information is stable under various wet conditions, showing promising applications in the fast-growing counterfeiting of pharmaceuticals, packaging, and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Feng
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Paper based Functional Materials, China National Light Industry, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Paper based Functional Materials, China National Light Industry, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Liang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Lv
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fukang Xiang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Sun
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyin Xiong
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Duan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
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124
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Gumerov RA, Gau E, Xu W, Melle A, Filippov SA, Sorokina AS, Wolter NA, Pich A, Potemkin II. Amphiphilic PVCL/TBCHA microgels: From synthesis to characterization in a highly selective solvent. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 564:344-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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125
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Anirudhan T, Christa J. Temperature and pH sensitive multi-functional magnetic nanocomposite for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil, an anticancer drug. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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126
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Preparation of degradable magnetic temperature- and redox-responsive polymeric/Fe3O4 nanocomposite nanogels in inverse miniemulsions for loading and release of 5-fluorouracil. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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127
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Siirilä J, Hietala S, Ekholm FS, Tenhu H. Glucose and Maltose Surface-Functionalized Thermoresponsive Poly( N-Vinylcaprolactam) Nanogels. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:955-965. [PMID: 31917581 PMCID: PMC7497634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soft nanoparticles are interesting materials due to their size, deformability, and ability to host guest molecules. Surface properties play an essential role in determining the fate of the particles in biological medium, and coating of the nanoparticles (and polymers) with carbohydrates has been found to be an efficient strategy for increasing their biocompatibility and fine-tuning other important properties such as aqueous solubility. In this work, soft nanogels of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), PNVCL, were surface-functionalized with different glucose and maltose ligands, and the colloidal properties of the gels were analyzed. The PNVCL nanogels were first prepared via semibatch precipitation polymerization, where a comonomer, propargyl acrylate (PA), was added after preparticle formation. The aim was to synthesize "clickable" nanogels with alkyne groups on their surfaces. The nanogels were then functionalized with two separate azido-glucosides and azido-maltosides (containing different linkers) through a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) click reaction. The glucose and maltose bearing nanogels were thermoresponsive and shrank upon heating. Compared to the PNVCL-PA nanogel, the carbohydrate bearing ones were larger, more hydrophilic, had volume phase transitions at higher temperatures, and were more stable against salt-induced precipitation. In addition to investigating the colloidal properties of the nanogels, the carbohydrate recognition was addressed by studying the interactions with a model lectin, concanavalin A (Con A). The binding efficiency was not affected by the temperature, which indicates that the carbohydrate moieties are located on the gel surfaces, and are capable of interacting with other biomolecules independent of temperature. Thus, the synthesis produces nanogels, which have surface functions capable of biorelevant interactions and a thermoresponsive structure. These types of particles can be used for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonas Siirilä
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Sami Hietala
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Heikki Tenhu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , 00014 Helsinki , Finland
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128
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Ozkahraman B, Emeriewen K, Saleh GM, Thanh NTK. Engineering hydrogel nanoparticles to enhance transdermal local anaesthetic delivery in human eyelid skin. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3926-3930. [PMID: 35492666 PMCID: PMC9048424 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06712d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we focused on developing the feasibility of nano-enabled local anaesthetic (LA) delivery to anaesthetise the full thickness of eyelid skin. For this purpose a temperature-responsive hydrogel poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-hyaluronic acid) (p(VCL-co-HA)) was prepared through aqueous emulsion polymerization with a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved p(VCL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) showing remarkably high LA drug loading capacity. Nano-enabled local anaesthetic delivery was achieved using FDA-approved materials with remarkably high loading capacity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengi Ozkahraman
- Hitit University, Faculty of Engineering, Polymer Engineering Department 19030 Corum Turkey.,Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
| | | | - George M Saleh
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London EC1V 2PD UK.,The National Insitute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, UCL Institute of Opthalmology 11-43 Bath St London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Thanh
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK .,UCL Healthcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterials Laboratories, University College London 21 Albemarle Street London W1S 4BS UK
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129
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Doberenz F, Zeng K, Willems C, Zhang K, Groth T. Thermoresponsive polymers and their biomedical application in tissue engineering - a review. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:607-628. [PMID: 31939978 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers hold great potential in the biomedical field, since they enable the fabrication of cell sheets, in situ drug delivery and 3D-printing under physiological conditions. In this review we provide an overview of several thermoresponsive polymers and their application, with focus on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-surfaces for cell sheet engineering. Basic knowledge of important processes like protein adsorption on surfaces and cell adhesion is provided. For different thermoresponsive polymers, namely PNIPAm, Pluronics, elastin-like polypeptides (ELP) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), synthesis and basic chemical and physical properties have been described and the mechanism of their thermoresponsive behavior highlighted. Fabrication methods of thermoresponsive surfaces have been discussed, focusing on PNIPAm, and describing several methods in detail. The latter part of this review is dedicated to the application of the thermoresponsive polymers and with regard to cell sheet engineering, the process of temperature-dependent cell sheet detachment is explained. We provide insight into several applications of PNIPAm surfaces in cell sheet engineering. For Pluronics, ELP and PNVCL we show their application in the field of drug delivery and tissue engineering. We conclude, that research of thermoresponsive polymers has made big progress in recent years, especially for PNIPAm since the 1990s. However, manifold research possibilities, e.g. in surface fabrication and 3D-printing and further translational applications are conceivable in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko Doberenz
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Kui Zeng
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Willems
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Wood Technology and Wood Chemistry, University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center of Material Science, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany and Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 1, 19991, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, Russian Federation
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130
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Safety assessment of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) as a potential drug carrier in extenders for boar sperm cryopreservation. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104766. [PMID: 31923582 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymers may be used to deliver compounds in freezing extenders to minimize injuries in spermatozoa during cryopreservation, although their activity and toxicity for boar sperm are unknown. This study investigated the effects of the polymer (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), when included in extenders for boar sperm cryopreservation. In Experiment 1, sperm was exposed to PNVCL at: 0 (control); 39.1; 78.1; 156.3; and 312.5 μg/mL. Spermatozoa structure, kinetics and biochemical functions were unaltered in contact with PNVCL at 38 °C (P > .05) but declined with prolonged exposure (10, 60 and 120 min) in all treatments (P > .05). In Experiment 2, after inclusion of PNVCL in the freezing extender at the same concentrations, post-thawing sperm quality did not differ compared to the control (P > .05). Lipid peroxidation and the production of reactive oxygen species were the only parameters of sperm quality that were unaffected in both experiments, even after contact with PNVCL for 120 min (P > .05). As no negative effects were observed in post-thawing boar sperm quality, PNVCL did not incur in cytotoxicity and may be a potential carrier for antioxidants in freezing extenders.
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131
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Saha B, Ruidas B, Mete S, Mukhopadhyay CD, Bauri K, De P. AIE-active non-conjugated poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) as a fluorescent thermometer for intracellular temperature imaging. Chem Sci 2020; 11:141-147. [PMID: 32110365 PMCID: PMC7012023 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since temperature is one of the most significant physiological parameters that dictate the cellular status of living organisms, accurate intracellular temperature measurement is crucial and a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Herein, we introduce the foremost example of a non-conjugated polymer as a next generation fluorescent thermometer which is capable of addressing the key shortcomings including toxicity and thermal-induced fluorescence quenching associated with π-π conjugated system-based thermometers developed so far. We revealed, for the first time, the unique photophysical and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics of well-known thermoresponsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) devoid of any classical fluorophore entity. PNVCL underwent a coil to globular conformational transition in an aqueous medium and appeared to be fluorescent above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) near body temperature (38 °C). Eventually, this intriguing aspect enabled higher cellular uptake of PNVCL at the LCST boundary. By virtue of the AIE effect, the thermo-induced aggregation phenomenon has been ingeniously utilized to apply PNVCL as a novel fluorescent thermometer for intracellular temperature determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials , Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Nadia , Mohanpur - 741246 , West Bengal , India .
| | - Bhuban Ruidas
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology , Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur, P.O. Botanic Garden , Howrah , West Bengal 711103 , India .
| | - Sourav Mete
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials , Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Nadia , Mohanpur - 741246 , West Bengal , India .
| | - Chitrangada Das Mukhopadhyay
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology , Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur, P.O. Botanic Garden , Howrah , West Bengal 711103 , India .
| | - Kamal Bauri
- Department of Chemistry , Raghunathpur College , Purulia - 723133 , West Bengal , India .
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials , Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Nadia , Mohanpur - 741246 , West Bengal , India .
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132
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Mochizuki K. Reduction of water-mediated repulsion drives poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) collapse upon heating. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1053-1060. [PMID: 31867584 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05491j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermo-sensitive aqueous polymers undergo a coil-to-globule transition on heating, with drastic chemical and structural changes. We performed molecular dynamics simulations for PVCL in water to study the driving forces for the polymer's collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Nagano 386-8567
- Japan
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133
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Kumbhakar K, Saha B, De P, Biswas R. Cloud Point Driven Dynamics in Aqueous Solutions of Thermoresponsive Copolymers: Are They Akin to Criticality Driven Solution Dynamics? J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:11042-11054. [PMID: 31794221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cloud point driven interaction and relaxation dynamics of aqueous solutions of amphiphilic thermoresponsive copolymers were explored through picosecond resolved and steady state fluorescence measurements employing hydrophilic (coumarin 343, C343) and hydrophobic (coumarin 153, C153) solute probes of comparable sizes. These thermoresponsive random copolymers, with tunable cloud point temperatures (Tcp's) between 298 and 323 K, were rationally designed first and then synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA). Subsequently, copolymers were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). A balance between the hydrophilic (PEGMA) and the hydrophobic (MMA) content dictates the critical aggregation concentration (CAC), with CAC ∼ 2-14 mg/L for these copolymers in aqueous media. No abrupt changes in the steady state spectral features of both C153 and C343 in the aqueous solutions of these polymers near but below the cloud point temperatures were observed. Interestingly, spectral properties of C153 in these solutions show the impact of hydrophobic/hydrophilic interaction balance but not by those of C343. More specifically, C153 reported a blue shift (relative to that in neat water) and heterogeneity in its local environment. This suggested different locations for the hydrophilic (C343) and the hydrophobic (C153) probes. In addition, the excited state fluorescence lifetime (⟨τlife⟩) of C153 increased with the increase of hydrophobic (MMA) content in these copolymers. However, C343 reported no such variations, although fluorescence anisotropy decays for both solutes were significantly slowed down in these aqueous solutions compared to neat water. Anisotropy decays indicated bimodal time-dependent friction for these solutes in aqueous solutions of these copolymers but monomodal in neat water. A linear dependence of the average rotational relaxation rates (⟨krot⟩ = ⟨τrot⟩-1) of the type ⟨krot⟩ ∝ (|T - Tcp|/Tcp)γ with negative values for the exponent γ was observed for both solutes. No slowing down of the solute rotation with temperature approaching the Tcp was detected; rather, rotation became faster upon increasing the solution temperature, suggesting domination of the local friction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Kumbhakar
- Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences (CBMS) , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , Nadia, West Bengal , India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , Nadia, West Bengal , India
| | - Ranjit Biswas
- Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences (CBMS) , S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , JD Block, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106 , India
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134
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Durkut S, Elçin YM. Synthesis and Characterization of Thermosensitive Poly(
N
‐Vinyl Caprolactam)‐Grafted‐Aminated Alginate Hydrogels. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serap Durkut
- Ankara University Faculty of ScienceTissue EngineeringBiomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory (ElcinLab) Dögol Caddesi Beşevler 06100 Ankara Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- Ankara University Faculty of ScienceTissue EngineeringBiomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory (ElcinLab) Dögol Caddesi Beşevler 06100 Ankara Turkey
- Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc.Ankara University Technopark Gölbaşı 06830 Ankara Turkey
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135
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Pino‐Ramos VH, Cedillo G, López‐Barriguete E, Bucio E. Comonomer effect: Switching the lower critical solution temperature to upper critical solution temperature in thermo‐pH sensitive binary graft copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor H. Pino‐Ramos
- Depto. de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito ExteriorCiudad Universitaria CDMX 04510 Mexico
| | - Gerardo Cedillo
- Instituto de Investigación en MaterialesUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Ciudad Universitaria CDMX 04510 Mexico
| | - Eduardo López‐Barriguete
- Depto. de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito ExteriorCiudad Universitaria CDMX 04510 Mexico
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Depto. de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito ExteriorCiudad Universitaria CDMX 04510 Mexico
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136
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The Influence of Initiator Concentration on Selected Properties on Poly- N-Vinylcaprolactam Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9111577. [PMID: 31703338 PMCID: PMC6915650 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The thermosensitive polymers of N-vinylcaprolactam P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 were synthesized via the surfactant free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) at 70 °C in the presence of cationic initiator 2,2’-azobis[2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride (AMPA). The influence of various concentrations of initiator AMPA on particle size, aggregation and lower critical temperature solution (LCST) was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement. The conductivity was measured in the course of the synthesis and during temperature decrease of the reaction mixtures. The polymers were characterized by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 1H NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis. Thermal parameters of the degradations process were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA) under non-isothermal conditions in N2 atmosphere. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction analysis (PXRD).The hydrodynamic diameter (HD), polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential (ZP) were measured in aqueous dispersions of the synthesized polymers in temperature 18–45 °C. HD and PDI values at 18 °C were 137.23 ± 67.65 nm (PDI = 0.53 ± 0.18), 83.40 ± 74.46 nm (PDI = 0.35 ± 0.08), 22.11 ± 0.29 nm (PDI = 0.45 ± 0.05), 29.27 ± 0.50 nm (PDI = 0.41 ± 0.04), 39.18 ± 0.57 nm (PDI = 0.38 ± 0.01) for P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5, respectively. The aqueous solutions of the obtained polymers at 18–45 °C had a positive charge. ZP’s for P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 polymers at 18 °C were 11.64 ± 4.27 mV, 12.71 ± 3.56 mV, 3.24 ± 0.10 mV, 0.77 ± 0.28 mV, 1.78 ± 0.56 mV respectively. The LCST range was between 32 and 38 °C. We conclude that the concentration of initiator affects the size of obtained polymeric spheres and theirs LCST.
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137
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Bahmani E, Koushkbaghi S, Darabi M, ZabihiSahebi A, Askari A, Irani M. Fabrication of novel chitosan-g-PNVCL/ZIF-8 composite nanofibers for adsorption of Cr(VI), As(V) and phenol in a single and ternary systems. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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138
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Zou Z, Gau E, El-Awaad I, Jakob F, Pich A, Schwaneberg U. Selective Functionalization of Microgels with Enzymes by Sortagging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2859-2869. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zou
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Gau
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Islam El-Awaad
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- DWI − Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraβe 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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139
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Umapathi R, Kumar K, Venkatesu P, Deenadayalu N. Quantifying the influence of ionic liquid on the phase behaviour of a biomedical thermoresponsive polymer: A biophysical experimental approach. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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140
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Micellization of novel biocompatible thermo-sensitive graft copolymers based on poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) and poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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141
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Wan L, Zhang N, Liang DQ. Inhibition effects of polysaccharides for gas hydrate formation in methane–water system. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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142
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Pavlov GM, Okatova OV, Gosteva AA, Gubarev AS, Gostev AI, Sivtsov E. RAFT synthesized poly-N-vinylsuccinimide macromolecules: properties in dilute solutions. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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143
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Sponchioni M, Capasso Palmiero U, Moscatelli D. Thermo-responsive polymers: Applications of smart materials in drug delivery and tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:589-605. [PMID: 31147031 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are attracting great attention in the last decades for their use in the biomedical field as nanovectors for controlled drug delivery, hydrogels and scaffolds enabling cell growth. Among them, polymers able to respond to environmental stimuli have been recently under growing consideration to impart a "smart" behavior to the final product, which is highly desirable to provide it with a specific dynamic and an advanced function. In particular, thermo-responsive polymers, materials able to undergo a discontinuous phase transition or morphological change in response to a temperature variation, are among the most studied. The development of the so-called controlled radical polymerization techniques has paved the way to a high degree of engineering for the polymer architecture and properties, which in turn brought to a plethora of sophisticated behaviors for these polymers by simply switching the external temperature. These can be exploited in many different fields, from separation to advanced optics and biosensors. The aim of this review is to critically discuss the latest advances in the development of thermo-responsive materials for biomedical applications, including a highly controlled drug delivery, mediation of cell growth and bioseparation. The focus is on the structural and design aspects that are required to exploit such materials for cutting-edge applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Sponchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Umberto Capasso Palmiero
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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144
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Full-biodegradable polylactide-based thermoresponsive copolymer with a wide temperature range: Synthesis, characterization and thermoresponsive properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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145
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Muralter F, Perrotta A, Werzer O, Coclite AM. Interlink between Tunable Material Properties and Thermoresponsiveness of Cross-Linked Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) Thin Films Deposited by Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition. Macromolecules 2019; 52:6817-6824. [PMID: 31579141 PMCID: PMC6764023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In
this contribution, we report on the thin-film synthesis of a
novel thermoresponsive polymer, namely, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
cross-linked by di(ethylene glycol)divinyl ether [p(NVCL-co-DEGDVE)] by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). Its transition
between swollen and shrunken states in film thickness and the corresponding
lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was investigated by spectroscopic
ellipsometry in water. Water contact angle measurements and nano-indentation
experiments reveal that the transition is accompanied by a change
in wettability and elastic modulus. The amount of cross-linking was
used to tune the thermoresponsive behavior of the thin films, resulting
in higher swelling and LCST, increased surface rearrangement, and
lower stiffness for less cross-linked polymers. For the first time,
the filament temperature during iCVD synthesis was used to vary the
chain length of the resulting polymeric systems and, thus, the position
of their thermoresponsive transition. With that, swelling of up to
250% compared to the dry thickness and transition temperatures ranging
from 16 to 40 °C could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Muralter
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alberto Perrotta
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Maria Coclite
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
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146
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Janssen FAL, Kather M, Ksiazkiewicz A, Pich A, Mitsos A. Synthesis of Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam)-Based Microgels by Precipitation Polymerization: Pseudo-Bulk Model for Particle Growth and Size Distribution. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13795-13807. [PMID: 31681904 PMCID: PMC6822303 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Particle size distribution and in particular the mean particle size are key properties of microgels, which are determined by synthesis conditions. To describe particle growth and particle size distribution over the progress of synthesis of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-based microgels, a pseudo-bulk model for precipitation copolymerization with cross-linking is formulated. The model is fitted and compared to experimental data from reaction calorimetry and dynamic light scattering, showing good agreement with polymerization progress, final particle size, and narrow particle size distribution. Predictions of particle growth and reaction progress for different experimental setups are compared to the corresponding experimental data, demonstrating the predictive capability and limitations of the model. The comparison to reaction calorimetry measurements shows the strength in the prediction of the overall polymerization progress. The results for the prediction of the particle radii reveal significant deviations and highlight the demand for further investigation, including additional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca A. L. Janssen
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik—Process Systems
Engineering and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen,
Germany
| | - Michael Kather
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik—Process Systems
Engineering and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen,
Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for
Interactive Materials, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Ksiazkiewicz
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik—Process Systems
Engineering and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen,
Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik—Process Systems
Engineering and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen,
Germany
- DWI—Leibniz-Institute for
Interactive Materials, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Mitsos
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik—Process Systems
Engineering and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry,
RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen,
Germany
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147
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Peng J, Tang D, Lv H, Wang N, Yang X, Sun Z, Yu Z. Thermal phase transition of poly(N-vinyl caprolactam)-based copolymers: the distribution of hydrophilic units within polymeric chains. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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148
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Amantea B, Piazza R, Chacon J, Santos C, Costa T, Rocha C, Brandt J, Godoi D, Jafelicci M, Marques R. Esterification influence in thermosensitive behavior of copolymers PNIPAm-co-PAA and PNVCL-co-PAA in magnetic nanoparticles surface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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149
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Wu G, Wang ZS, Bai QY. Simultaneous Dual Thermoresponsiveness and Fluorescence of Degradable Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers in Water: Synergy of Supramolecular Interactions and Crystallization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zi-Sheng Wang
- College of Letters & Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93111, United States
| | - Qi-Yao Bai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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150
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Fujii S. Stimulus-responsive soft dispersed systems developed based on functional polymer particles: bubbles and liquid marbles. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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