101
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何 慧. Structures, Antioxidation Mechanism, and Antioxidation Test of the Common Natural Antioxidants in Plants. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2015. [DOI: 10.12677/biphy.2015.31004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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102
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Yi YW, Oh S. Comparative analysis of NRF2-responsive gene expression in AcPC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. Genes Genomics 2014; 37:97-109. [PMID: 25540678 PMCID: PMC4269820 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-014-0253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NRF2 is a nuclear transcription factor activated in response to oxidative stress and related with metabolizing of xenotoxic materials and ABC transporter mediated drug resistance. We studied the expression of mRNAs under the siRNA-mediated knockdown of NRF2 and tBHQ-treated condition in AsPC-1 metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line to understand the AsPC-1 specific role(s) of NRF2 and further to investigate the relationship between drug resistance and metastatic plasticity and mobility of AsPc1. Here we show that the genes of aldo–keto reductases, cytochrome P450 family, aldehyde dehydrogenase, thioredoxin reductase, ABC transporter and epoxide hydrolase responsible for drug metabolism or oxidative stress concisely responded to NRF2 stabilization and knockdown of NRF2. In addition the expression of PIR, a candidate of oncogene and KISS1, a suppressor of metastasis were affected by NRF2 stabilization and knockdown. Our result provide comprehensive understanding of NRF2 target genes of drug response, oxidative stress response and metastasis in AsPc-1 metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Graduate School, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Oh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
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103
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Sánchez-Quesada C, López-Biedma A, Gaforio JJ. The differential localization of a methyl group confers a different anti-breast cancer activity to two triterpenes present in olives. Food Funct 2014; 6:249-56. [PMID: 25412049 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00675e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Uvaol (UV) and erythrodiol (ER) are two triterpenic dialcohols present in the minor fraction of virgin olive oil, in leaves and in the drupe of olives. These triterpenes possess the same chemical structure and differ only in the location of a methyl group. It has been reported that they have antitumoral effects in leukemic cells, in skin mice tumours and, finally, in astrocytoma cells, but there are no evidences about their effects in highly invasive human breast cancer cells and human epithelial breast cells. For this purpose, we have evaluated their cytotoxic activities as well as their effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle profile, apoptotic induction, oxidative stress and DNA oxidative damage in both highly invasive human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and human epithelial breast cells (MCF10A). UV and ER showed different effects in normal and breast cancer cells, whereas both compounds possess the same structure, except for the location of a methyl group. UV protects from damage to DNA in both cell lines, whereas ER enhances damage to DNA in these cell lines. Thus, ER promotes apoptosis and arrests cell cycle in human epithelial breast cells. Hence, both compounds differ in their action in human breast cells apparently by the different location of only a methyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-Quesada
- Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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104
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Bissinger R, Malik A, Warsi J, Jilani K, Lang F. Piperlongumine-induced phosphatidylserine translocation in the erythrocyte membrane. Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:2975-88. [PMID: 25317837 PMCID: PMC4210880 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6102975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piperlongumine, a component of Piper longum fruit, is considered as a treatment for malignancy. It is effective by inducing apoptosis. Mechanisms involved in the apoptotic action of piperlongumine include oxidative stress and activation of p38 kinase. In analogy to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine-exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Signaling involved in eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca²⁺-activity ([Ca²⁺]i), formation of ceramide, oxidative stress and activation of p38 kinase. METHODS Cell volume was estimated from forward scatter, phosphatidylserine-exposure from annexin V binding, [Ca²⁺]i from Fluo3 fluorescence, reactive oxygen species from 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate fluorescence, and ceramide abundance from binding of fluorescent antibodies in flow cytometry. RESULTS A 48 h exposure to piperlongumine (30 µM) was followed by significant decrease of forward scatter and increase of annexin-V-binding. Piperlongumine did not significantly modify [Ca²⁺]i and the effect was not dependent on presence of extracellular Ca²⁺. Piperlongumine significantly increased ROS formation and ceramide abundance. CONCLUSIONS Piperlongumine triggers cell membrane scrambling, an effect independent from entry of extracellular Ca²⁺ but at least partially due to ROS and ceramide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Abaid Malik
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Jamshed Warsi
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Kashif Jilani
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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105
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Falasca M, Casari I, Maffucci T. Cancer chemoprevention with nuts. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju238. [PMID: 25210199 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that increased nut consumption is associated with a reduced risk of major chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, the association between nut consumption and cancer mortality is less clear. Recent studies have suggested that nut consumption is associated with reduced cancer mortality. This evidence reinforces the interest to investigate the chemopreventive properties of nuts, and it raises questions about the specific cancer type(s) and setting that can be more affected by nut consumption, as well as the cellular mechanisms involved in this protective effect. Here we discuss recent studies on the association of nut consumption and cancer, and we propose specific cellular mechanisms by which nut components can affect cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Falasca
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group.
| | - Ilaria Casari
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group
| | - Tania Maffucci
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Inositide Signalling Group
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106
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Chinembiri TN, du Plessis LH, Gerber M, Hamman JH, du Plessis J. Review of natural compounds for potential skin cancer treatment. Molecules 2014; 19:11679-721. [PMID: 25102117 PMCID: PMC6271439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most anti-cancer drugs are derived from natural resources such as marine, microbial and botanical sources. Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. Various treatments for malignant melanoma are available, but due to the development of multi-drug resistance, current or emerging chemotherapies have a relatively low success rates. This emphasizes the importance of discovering new compounds that are both safe and effective against melanoma. In vitro testing of melanoma cell lines and murine melanoma models offers the opportunity for identifying mechanisms of action of plant derived compounds and extracts. Common anti-melanoma effects of natural compounds include potentiating apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation and inhibiting metastasis. There are different mechanisms and pathways responsible for anti-melanoma actions of medicinal compounds such as promotion of caspase activity, inhibition of angiogenesis and inhibition of the effects of tumor promoting proteins such as PI3-K, Bcl-2, STAT3 and MMPs. This review thus aims at providing an overview of anti-cancer compounds, derived from natural sources, that are currently used in cancer chemotherapies, or that have been reported to show anti-melanoma, or anti-skin cancer activities. Phytochemicals that are discussed in this review include flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, vitamins, sulforaphane, some polyphenols and crude plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawona N Chinembiri
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Lissinda H du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Minja Gerber
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Josias H Hamman
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jeanetta du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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107
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Liu QR, Liu JM, Chen Y, Xie XQ, Xiong XX, Qiu XY, Pan F, Liu D, Yu SB, Chen XQ. Piperlongumine inhibits migration of glioblastoma cells via activation of ROS-dependent p38 and JNK signaling pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:653732. [PMID: 24967005 PMCID: PMC4055624 DOI: 10.1155/2014/653732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) is recently found to kill cancer cells selectively and effectively via targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses. To further explore the therapeutic effects of PL in cancers, we investigated the role and mechanisms of PL in cancer cell migration. PL effectively inhibited the migration of human glioma (LN229 or U87 MG) cells but not normal astrocytes in the scratch-wound culture model. PL did not alter EdU(+)-cells and cdc2, cdc25c, or cyclin D1 expression in our model. PL increased ROS (measured by DCFH-DA), reduced glutathione, activated p38 and JNK, increased IκBα, and suppressed NFκB in LN229 cells after scratching. All the biological effects of PL in scratched LN229 cells were completely abolished by the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Pharmacological administration of specific p38 (SB203580) or JNK (SP600125) inhibitors significantly reduced the inhibitory effects of PL on LN229 cell migration and NF κ B activity in scratch-wound and/or transwell models. PL prevented the deformation of migrated LN229 cells while NAC, SB203580, or SP600125 reversed PL-induced morphological changes of migrated cells. These results suggest potential therapeutic effects of PL in the treatment and prevention of highly malignant tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in the brain by suppressing tumor invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Rong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ju Mei Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao Qiang Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Xin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Yao Qiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shang Bin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao Qian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Ministry of Education and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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108
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Carrasco E, Álvarez PJ, Melguizo C, Prados J, Álvarez-Manzaneda E, Chahboun R, Messouri I, Vázquez-Vázquez MI, Aránega A, Rodríguez-Serrano F. Novel merosesquiterpene exerts a potent antitumor activity against breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 79:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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109
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Benemei S, Fusi C, Trevisan G, Geppetti P. The TRPA1 channel in migraine mechanism and treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2552-67. [PMID: 24206166 PMCID: PMC4008999 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine remains an elusive and poorly understood disease. The uncertainty is reflected by the currently unsatisfactory acute and prophylactic treatments for this disease. Genetic and pharmacological information points to the involvement of some transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in pain mechanisms. In particular, the TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels seem to play a major role in different models of pain diseases. Recent findings have underscored the possibility that TRP channels expressed in the nerve terminals of peptidergic nociceptors contribute to the migraine mechanism. Among this channel subset, TRPA1, a sensor of oxidative, nitrative and electrophilic stress, is activated by an unprecedented series of irritant and pain-provoking exogenous and endogenous agents, which release the pro-migraine peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, through this neuronal pathway. Some of the recently identified TRPA1 activators have long been known as migraine triggers. Furthermore, specific analgesic and antimigraine medicines have been shown to inhibit or desensitize TRPA1 channels. Thus, TRPA1 is emerging as a major contributing pathway in migraine and as a novel target for the development of drugs for pain and migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Benemei
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Headache Centre, Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - C Fusi
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Headache Centre, Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
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110
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Tundis R, Rashed K, Said A, Menichini F, Loizzo MR. In vitro Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Bombax ceiba (Bombacaceae) Flower Extracts. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowers of Bombax ceiba were investigated for their chemical composition, antioxidant effects and antiproliferative activity against seven human cancer cell lines. The antiproliferative responses of diethyl ether (DE) and light petroleum (PE) extracts were evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay against MCF-7, HeLa, COR-L23, C32, A375, ACHN, and LNCaP cells in comparison with a human normal cell line, 142BR. Moreover, extracts were characterized by GC-MS analysis and tested for their antioxidant properties by different in vitro systems, namely DPPH, Fe-chelating activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Both PE and DE extracts showed the highest antiproliferative activity against human renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN) in a concentration-dependent manner. PE extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity against the DPPH radical, while DE extract was more active in the β-carotene bleaching test. The presence of β-sitosterol and some fatty acids may contribute to the bioactivity of B. ceiba flower extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
| | - Khaled Rashed
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ataa Said
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
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111
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García-Niño WR, Pedraza-Chaverrí J. Protective effect of curcumin against heavy metals-induced liver damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 69:182-201. [PMID: 24751969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Occupational or environmental exposures to heavy metals produce several adverse health effects. The common mechanism determining their toxicity and carcinogenicity is the generation of oxidative stress that leads to hepatic damage. In addition, oxidative stress induced by metal exposure leads to the activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/antioxidant response elements (Nrf2/Keap1/ARE) pathway. Since antioxidant and chelating agents are generally used for the treatment of heavy metals poisoning, this review is focused on the protective role of curcumin against liver injury induced by heavy metals. Curcumin has shown, in clinical and preclinical studies, numerous biological activities including therapeutic efficacy against various human diseases and anti-hepatotoxic effects against environmental or occupational toxins. Curcumin reduces the hepatotoxicity induced by arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and mercury, prevents histological injury, lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion, maintains the liver antioxidant enzyme status and protects against mitochondrial dysfunction. The preventive effect of curcumin on the noxious effects induced by heavy metals has been attributed to its scavenging and chelating properties, and/or to the ability to induce the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway. However, additional research is needed in order to propose curcumin as a potential protective agent against liver damage induced by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wylly Ramsés García-Niño
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510 D.F., Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510 D.F., Mexico.
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112
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Yi YW, Kang HJ, Bae I. BRCA1 and Oxidative Stress. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:771-95. [PMID: 24704793 PMCID: PMC4074803 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6020771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) has been well established as a tumor suppressor and functions primarily by maintaining genome integrity. Genome stability is compromised when cells are exposed to oxidative stress. Increasing evidence suggests that BRCA1 regulates oxidative stress and this may be another mechanism in preventing carcinogenesis in normal cells. Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is implicated in carcinogenesis and is used strategically to treat human cancer. Thus, it is essential to understand the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. In this review, we briefly summarize BRCA1's many binding partners and mechanisms, and discuss data supporting the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. Finally, we consider its significance in prevention and/or treatment of BRCA1-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| | - Hyo Jin Kang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
| | - Insoo Bae
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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113
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Antioxidant and anticancer constituents from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. Molecules 2014; 19:4234-45. [PMID: 24705566 PMCID: PMC6271038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19044234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen compounds were extracted and purified from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. These compounds include aporphines, oxoaporphine, coumarin, sesquiterpene lactone, benzenoids, cyclitol and steroids. (+)-Norstephalagine (2) (an aporphine) and scopoletin (8) (a coumarin) were isolated from Liriodendron tulipifera leaves from the first time. The identified compounds were screened for their antiradical scavenging, metal chelating and ferric reducing power activities. The results have showed that these compounds have antioxidative activity. The study has also examined the chemopreventive property of the isolated compounds against human melanoma cells A375. The results shown that (−)-anonaine (1), (−)-liridinine (3), (+)-lirinidine (6), lysicamine (7) and epitulipinolide diepoxide (9) significantly inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells. These results revealed that these compounds have antioxidative activity and chemopreventive activity in skin melanoma cells.
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114
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Iranshahy M, Quinn RJ, Iranshahi M. Biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids with drug-like properties from the genus Corydalis. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47944g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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115
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Monticone M, Taherian R, Stigliani S, Carra E, Monteghirfo S, Longo L, Daga A, Dono M, Zupo S, Giaretti W, Castagnola P. NAC, tiron and trolox impair survival of cell cultures containing glioblastoma tumorigenic initiating cells by inhibition of cell cycle progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90085. [PMID: 24587218 PMCID: PMC3938592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolism by-products that may act as signaling molecules to sustain tumor growth. Antioxidants have been used to impair cancer cell survival. Our goal was to determine the mechanisms involved in the response to antioxidants of a human cell culture (PT4) containing glioblastoma (GBM) tumorigenic initiating cells (TICs). ROS production in the absence or presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), tiron, and trolox was evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM). The effects of these antioxidants on cell survival and apoptosis were evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and FCM. The biological processes modulated by these drugs were determined by oligonucleotide microarray gene expression profiling. Our results showed that NAC, tiron and trolox impaired PT4 cell survival, had minor effects on ROS levels and caused wide deregulation of cell cycle genes. Furthermore, tiron and trolox caused inhibition of cell survival in two additional cell cultures containing TICs, FO-1 and MM1, established from a melanoma and a mesothelioma patient, respectively. NAC, instead, impaired survival of the MM1 cells but not of the FO-1 cells. However, when used in combination, NAC enhanced the inhibitory effect of PLX4032 (BRAF V600E inhibitor) and Gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor), on FO-1 and PT4 cell survival. Collectively, NAC, tiron and trolox modulated gene expression and impaired the growth of cultures containing TICs primarily by inhibiting cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luca Longo
- IRCCS AOU San Martino – IST, Genova, Italy
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116
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Cichocki JA, Smith GJ, Mendoza R, Buckpitt AR, Van Winkle LS, Morris JB. Sex differences in the acute nasal antioxidant/antielectrophilic response of the rat to inhaled naphthalene. Toxicol Sci 2014; 139:234-44. [PMID: 24563378 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene is a nasal carcinogen, inducing respiratory adenomas in male and olfactory neuroblastomas in female rats, respectively. The reasons for the site and sex-specific tumorigenic response are unknown. Naphthalene is bioactivated to electrophilic metabolites; cytotoxicity followed by regenerative cell proliferation is likely involved in the tumorigenic response. To examine sex differences in the acute nasal response to naphthalene, male and female F344 rats were nose-only exposed to 0, 1, 3, 10, or 30 ppm naphthalene vapor for 4 or 6 h. Following exposure, respiratory/transitional mucosa (RTM) and olfactory mucosa (OM) were isolated and analyzed for markers of oxidant/electrophilic stress and/or toxicity, including reduced/oxidized glutathione levels (GSH/GSSG), mRNA levels of electrophile-responsive genes, and epithelial cytoxicity (as measured by membrane permeability to ethidium homodimer-1). Naphthalene caused significant depletion of GSH in RTM and OM with no increase in GSSG. Cytotoxicity was apparent at concentrations of 15 and 30 ppm. No consistent sex differences were observed in these responses. Sex differences were observed in the induction of antielectrophilic genes in OM: glutamyl cysteine ligase (catalytic subunit) (Gclc), NADPH quinone oxidase 1 (Nqo1), and heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) were all induced to a greater extent in the male OM compared with the female. No consistent sex differences were observed in the RTM. Although the mechanism of the sex difference in the RTM adenoma response remains enigmatic, sex differences in the induction of antioxidant/electrophile-responsive genes may contribute to the heightened sensitivity of the female OM to the carcinogenic effects of naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Cichocki
- University of Connecticut, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toxicology Program, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
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Manayi A, Saeidnia S, Gohari AR, Abdollahi M. Methods for the discovery of new anti-aging products--targeted approaches. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:383-405. [PMID: 24494592 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.885014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is considered to be one of the most complicated and heterogeneous phenomena and is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases, disabilities and declining health. Aging cells cease to divide and drive the progression of illness through various pathways. Over the years, a number of anti-aging medicines of natural and synthetic origin have been introduced. Indeed, some studies have identified senescent cells as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of aging and age-related diseases. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors highlight and critically review the possible mechanisms of the aging process and related illnesses. The authors give particular attention to illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, skin aging and cardiovascular diseases. EXPERT OPINION Several reports have highlighted that mitochondria are a key factor in the progression of aging and neurodegenerative illnesses. This is due to their production of extra amounts of reactive oxygen species, which leads into progressive caspase-dependent apoptosis and cell death. Therefore, strategies to prevent/reduce oxidative stress-mediated aging, whether environmental, nutritional and pharmacological, need to be taken into account. Presently, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, which focus on the evolutionary and genetic foundations of aging, have helped to establish the screening of several synthetic and natural compounds with large cohorts in a quick manner. However, there is yet to be any efficient experimental evidence to prove the exact role of senescent cells in age-related dysfunction and further studies are required to better understand these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Manayi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants Research Center , Tehran 1417614411 , Iran
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Saeidnia S, Abdollahi M. Perspective Studies on Novel Anticancer Drugs from Natural Origin:A Comprehensive Review. INT J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.90.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hosseinzadeh H, Mehri S, Heshmati A, Ramezani M, Sahebkar A, Abnous K. Proteomic screening of molecular targets of crocin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:5. [PMID: 24393168 PMCID: PMC3922837 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional drug discovery approaches are mainly relied on the observed phenotypic changes following administration of a plant extract, drug candidate or natural product. Recently, target-based approaches are becoming more popular. The present study aimed to identify the cellular targets of crocin, the bioactive dietary carotenoid present in saffron, using an affinity-based method. Methods Heart, kidney and brain tissues of BALB/c mice were homogenized and extracted for the experiments. Target deconvolution was carried out by first passing cell lysate through an affinity column prepared by covalently attaching crocin to agarose beads. Isolated proteins were separated on a 2D gel, trypsinized in situ and identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. MASCOT search engine was used to analyze Mass Data. Results Part of proteome that physically interacts with crocin was found to consist of beta-actin-like protein 2, cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, ATP synthase subunit beta, tubulin beta-3 chain, tubulin beta-6 chain, 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha, V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunitA, 60 kDa heat shock protein, creatine kinase b-type, peroxiredoxin-2, cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, acetyl-coA acetyltransferase, cytochrome c1, proteasome subunit alpha type-6 and proteasome subunit alpha type-4. Conclusion The present findings revealed that crocin physically binds to a wide range of cellular proteins such as structural proteins, membrane transporters, and enzymes involved in ATP and redox homeostasis and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 91775-1365 Mashhad, Iran.
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Truman JP, García-Barros M, Obeid LM, Hannun YA. Evolving concepts in cancer therapy through targeting sphingolipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:1174-88. [PMID: 24384461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional methods of cancer treatment are limited in their efficacy due to both inherent and acquired factors. Many different studies have shown that the generation of ceramide in response to cytotoxic therapy is generally an important step leading to cell death. Cancer cells employ different methods to both limit ceramide generation and to remove ceramide in order to become resistant to treatment. Furthermore, sphingosine kinase activity, which phosphorylates sphingosine the product of ceramide hydrolysis, has been linked to multidrug resistance, and can act as a strong survival factor. This review will examine several of the most frequently used cancer therapies and their effect on both ceramide generation and the mechanisms employed to remove it. The development and use of inhibitors of sphingosine kinase will be focused upon as an example of how targeting sphingolipid metabolism may provide an effective means to improve treatment response rates and reduce associated treatment toxicity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Tools to study lipid functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philip Truman
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Mónica García-Barros
- Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, T15, 023, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA; Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, L4, 178, 11794 Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Saeidnia S, Abdollahi M. Toxicological and pharmacological concerns on oxidative stress and related diseases. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 273:442-55. [PMID: 24121054 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical are generated as the natural byproduct of normal oxygen metabolism, they can create oxidative damage via interaction with bio-molecules. The role of oxidative stress as a remarkable upstream part is frequently reported in the signaling cascade of inflammation as well as chemo attractant production. Even though hydrogen peroxide can control cell signaling and stimulate cell proliferation at low levels, in higher concentrations it can initiate apoptosis and in very high levels may create necrosis. So far, the role of ROS in cellular damage and death is well documented with implicating in a broad range of degenerative alterations e.g. carcinogenesis, aging and other oxidative stress related diseases (OSRDs). Reversely, it is cleared that antioxidants are potentially able to suppress (at least in part) the immune system and to enhance the normal cellular protective responses to tissue damage. In this review, we aimed to provide insights on diverse OSRDs, which are correlated with the concept of oxidative stress as well as its cellular effects that can be inhibited by antioxidants. Resveratrol, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, statins, nebivolol and carvedilol, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, and plant-derived drugs (alone or combined) are the potential medicines that can be used to control OSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Saeidnia
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Rodrigues T. Response to: "Green propolis and its inhibitory effect on tumor growth in different systemic malignancies". Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:814. [PMID: 23835281 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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