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Ren Y, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Qiu L, Zhai H, Gu R, Xie Y. Total Alkaloids from Bamboo Shoots and Bamboo Shoot Shells of Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) Keng f. and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E2699. [PMID: 31344979 PMCID: PMC6696312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The bamboo shoot of Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) Keng f. is a medicinal and edible plant product in China. In this study, the chemical composition of the total alkaloids from bamboo shoots and bamboo shoot shells of P. amarus (Keng) Keng f. (ABSP and ABSSP, respectively) were separated and investigated by UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS. The results showed that a total of 32 alkaloids were extracted, with 15 common to both ABSP and ABSSP and 10 and 7 alkaloids distinct to ABSP and ABSSP, respectively. ABSP and ABSSP both decreased the lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 μg/mL)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 murine macrophages with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 78 and 55 μg/mL, respectively. We also found that ABSP and ABSSP (100 μg/mL) could decrease the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at both mRNA and protein levels in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, 100 μg/mL of ABSP and ABSSP also significantly inhibited LPS-induced mRNA expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Additionally, ABSP and ABSSP (100 μg/mL) decreased the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, the total alkaloids from the bamboo shoots and shells of P. amarus exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells through the inhibition of ERK signaling. This result can provide support for the medicinal use and further study of P. amarus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yisha Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Liying Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Huanhuan Zhai
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ruimeng Gu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
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102
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103
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An Y, Sun Y, Zhang M, Adhikari B, Li Z. Effect of ball milling time on physicochemical properties of
Cordyceps militaris
ultrafine particles. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun An
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Yanan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of ScienceRMIT University Melbourne Australia
| | - Zhongqin Li
- R & D CenterYandi Biological Engineering Co., Ltd Changde Hunan China
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104
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Structural Elucidation and Immune-Enhancing Effects of Novel Polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7528609. [PMID: 31139649 PMCID: PMC6500627 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7528609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Beta-glucan (β-glucan) is a macromolecule structure where glucose unit has bonded through β-glycosidic bond at 1 and 3 positions. It is well known as a natural immunomodulator without exhibiting any side effects via enhancing immunity. Mushroom contains a large amount of β-glucan and it has anticancerous and antioxidant efficacy. Structure and physical properties of β-glucan are highly influenced by the types of mushroom. In particular, Grifola frondosa has β-1, 3 and β-1, 6 bonds in their structure. It has been noted that β-glucan content also depends upon the size of mushroom particles. The exact content of β-glucan and their immunological activity by a particle size of G. frondosa have yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, β-glucan contents were analyzed according to the particle size of leaf mushroom followed by cell activation and immunoactivity analysis. The highest β-glucan content was observed at a particle size of 20-30 μm (27.65 ± 0.30 w/w). All samples showed ~ 103% cell activation compared to the control and greater cell activity was observed at higher concentration. The significant increase in cytokines secretion was observed in the presence of 20-30 μm particle size of G. frondosa compared to the control. This study suggested that 20-30 μm size is the suitable size of G. frondosa that can be used as a health supplement and food additive to act as an immune booster, hypotensive agent, and hypoglycemic agent.
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105
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Ramos M, Burgos N, Barnard A, Evans G, Preece J, Graz M, Ruthes AC, Jiménez-Quero A, Martínez-Abad A, Vilaplana F, Ngoc LP, Brouwer A, van der Burg B, Del Carmen Garrigós M, Jiménez A. Agaricus bisporus and its by-products as a source of valuable extracts and bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2019; 292:176-187. [PMID: 31054663 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms constitute an appreciated nutritional source for humans due to their low caloric intake and their high content in carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fibre, phenolic compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. It has been also demonstrated that mushrooms have health-promoting benefits. Cultivation of mushrooms, especially of the most common species Agaricus bisporus, represents an increasingly important food industry in Europe, but with a direct consequence in the increasing amount of by-products from their industrial production. This review focuses on collecting and critically investigating the current data on the bioactive properties of Agaricus bisporus as well as the recent research for the extraction of valuable functional molecules from this species and its by-products obtained after industrial processing. The state of the art regarding the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-allergenic and dietary compounds will be discussed for novel applications such as nutraceuticals, additives for food or cleaning products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ramos
- University of Alicante, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, ES-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Nuria Burgos
- University of Alicante, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, ES-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Almero Barnard
- Neem Biotech Ltd. Units G&H, Abertillery NP13 1SX, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Evans
- Neem Biotech Ltd. Units G&H, Abertillery NP13 1SX, United Kingdom
| | - James Preece
- Neem Biotech Ltd. Units G&H, Abertillery NP13 1SX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Graz
- Neem Biotech Ltd. Units G&H, Abertillery NP13 1SX, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Caroline Ruthes
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amparo Jiménez-Quero
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Martínez-Abad
- University of Alicante, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, ES-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; Neem Biotech Ltd. Units G&H, Abertillery NP13 1SX, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Long Pham Ngoc
- BioDetection Systems b.v, Science Park, 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham Brouwer
- BioDetection Systems b.v, Science Park, 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van der Burg
- BioDetection Systems b.v, Science Park, 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - María Del Carmen Garrigós
- University of Alicante, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, ES-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alfonso Jiménez
- University of Alicante, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences, ES-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
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106
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Cardoso RV, Fernandes Â, Barreira JC, Verde SC, Antonio AL, Gonzaléz-Paramás AM, Barros L, Ferreira IC. Effectiveness of gamma and electron beam irradiation as preserving technologies of fresh Agaricus bisporus Portobello: A comparative study. Food Chem 2019; 278:760-766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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107
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Domínguez Díaz L, Fernández-Ruiz V, Cámara M. The frontier between nutrition and pharma: The international regulatory framework of functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1738-1746. [PMID: 30924346 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1592107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The link between diet and human health status has been repeatedly proved by strong scientific evidence, and developed societies demand food products with an added value beyond the satisfaction of hunger and the provision of nutrients. Functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals are at the interface between nutrition and pharma and opens the doors for seeking new therapeutic alternatives for the prevention of nutrition-related diseases. The present review is aimed at clarifying the differences between functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals as well as describing its regulatory framework in Europe, United States and Japan. Specific harmonized regulation for these products is needed. Functional foods, food supplements and nutraceuticals exert health-promoting properties and could be considered as potential candidates in the management of chronic diseases in combination with prescribed medication. Further research is essential for establishing which nutrition-pharma combinations are most favorable and suitable for each chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Domínguez Díaz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montaña Cámara
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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108
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Vallespir F, Crescenzo L, Rodríguez Ó, Marra F, Simal S. Intensification of Low-Temperature Drying of Mushroom by Means of Power Ultrasound: Effects on Drying Kinetics and Quality Parameters. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-02263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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109
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Fogarasi M, Socaci SA, Dulf FV, Diaconeasa ZM, Fărcaș AC, Tofană M, Semeniuc CA. Bioactive Compounds and Volatile Profiles of Five Transylvanian Wild Edible Mushrooms. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123272. [PMID: 30544917 PMCID: PMC6321188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition, fatty acids, volatile profile and phenolic compounds profiles from five wild edible mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Cantharellus cibarius, Boletus edulis, Lactarius piperatus) from Romania. The results indicated that the dried fruiting bodies of selected mushrooms were rich in proteins (36.24 g/100 g dw-Boletus edulis) and carbohydrates (62.45 g/100 g dw-Lactarius piperatus). 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid and cinnamic acid, were the main phenolic compound present in all selected species. Additionally, the fatty acid pattern included polyunsaturated acids in more than 60% of all fatty acids followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (30%). For the studied mushroom samples, the main volatile compounds identified by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were hexanal, benzaldehyde and dodecanoic acid. According to the obtained results, the fruiting bodies of selected Romanian mushrooms are a rich source of bioactive molecules indicating that they may be further exploited as functional ingredients in the composition of innovative food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Fogarasi
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sonia Ancuţa Socaci
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary, Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Zorița Maria Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Anca Corina Fărcaș
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Maria Tofană
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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110
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Jaros D, Köbsch J, Rohm H. Exopolysaccharides from Basidiomycota: Formation, isolation and techno-functional properties. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:743-752. [PMID: 32624868 PMCID: PMC6999363 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This Mini Review gives an overview of and respective references for the production and properties of exopolysaccharides from Basidiomycota in submerged cultivation. Media and conditions that are usually applied in laboratory culture are summarized, and the lack of studies related to up-scaling is addressed. Procedures for isolation and purification of the exopolysaccharides from the fermentation media are reviewed, and challenges related to exopolysaccharide quantification are discussed. Finally, the techno-functional properties of the respective exopolysaccharides, and potential applications in foods are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Jaros
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Johannes Köbsch
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Harald Rohm
- Chair of Food EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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111
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Xie Y, Zhou RR, Xie HL, Yu Y, Zhang SH, Zhao CX, Huang JH, Huang LQ. Application of near infrared spectroscopy for rapid determination the geographical regions and polysaccharides contents of Lentinula edodes. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 122:1115-1119. [PMID: 30218733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a calibration model based on Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique and chemometrics method was developed for rapid and non-destructive detecting the polysaccharide contents of lentinula edodes samples collected from different regions. The polysaccharide contents of these samples were firstly determined by standard phenol-sulphruic acid method. Then, NIR spectra of these samples were collected by using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Based on these experimental data, a random forest method was further used to distinguish the regions of these samples, with a classification accuracy of 96.6%. After that, a rapid, accurate, and quantitative model was established for predicting the polysaccharide contents of these samples. In the model establishing process, some signal pre-treatment methods were optimized, and the validation results with highest determination coefficient (R2) and low root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) were, 0.925 and 0.720, respectively. These results showed that combined NIR technique with chemometrics was an effective and green method for lentinula edodes quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, PR China; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Hua-Lin Xie
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou, 510663, PR China
| | - Shui-Han Zhang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Chen-Xi Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, PR China.
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, PR China.
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112
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Fan S, Huang X, Wang S, Li C, Zhang Z, Xie M, Nie S. Combinatorial usage of fungal polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma atrum ameliorate drug-induced liver injury in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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113
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Rzymski P, Klimaszyk P. Is the Yellow Knight Mushroom Edible or Not? A Systematic Review and Critical Viewpoints on the Toxicity of Tricholoma equestre. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1309-1324. [PMID: 33350153 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is no scientific consensus regarding the safety of the Yellow Knight mushroom Tricholoma equestre (L.) P.Kumm. Following reports of cases of intoxication involving effects such as rhabdomyolysis, and supportive observations from in vivo experimental models, T. equestre is considered as a poisonous mushroom in some countries while in others it is still widely collected from the wild and consumed every year. In this paper, we review all the available information on T. equestre including its morphological and molecular characterization, nutritional value, levels of contaminants observed in fruiting bodies, the possibility of mistake with species that are morphologically similar, and the in vivo data on safety and cases of human intoxication. Based on available data, it is suggested that T. equestre cannot be considered as a toxic species and does not appear to exhibit any greater health threat than other mushroom species currently considered as edible. More care should be taken when reporting cases of human poisoning to fully identify T. equestre as the causative agent and to exclude a number of interfering factors. Specific guidelines for reporting future cases of poisoning with T. equestre are outlined in this paper. Any future research involving T. equestre should present the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rzymski
- Dept. of Environmental Medicine, Poznan Univ. of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Klimaszyk
- Dept. of Water Protection, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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114
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Mocan A, Fernandes Â, Barros L, Crişan G, Smiljković M, Soković M, Ferreira ICFR. Chemical composition and bioactive properties of the wild mushroom Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr: a study with samples from Romania. Food Funct 2018; 9:160-170. [PMID: 29168866 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01514c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In Eastern Europe, wild mushrooms are widely collected in mountain areas and used for their medicinal properties or as healthy foods. This study aimed at determining the chemical composition (nutritional value, free sugars, organic acids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids and tocopherols) and bioactive properties (antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiquorum sensing) of wild Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr from Romania. The results indicate that the fruiting bodies of P. squamosus are rich in carbohydrates (74.22 g per 100 g dw) and proteins (18.7 g per 100 g dw). Trehalose was the main free sugar, while malic acid was the organic acid detected in the highest amount (2.21 g per 100 g dw), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid was the main phenolic compound. Among tocopherols, β-tocopherol was the most abundant form (114.7 μg per 100 g dw). Additionally, regarding the fatty acids' pattern, polyunsaturated acids represent more than 57% of all fatty acids, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (24.96%). The highest measured antioxidant effect of P. squamosus extract was found using the TBARS inhibition assay (EC50 = 0.22 mg mL-1), followed by the β-carotene/linoleate assay (EC50 = 1.41 mg mL-1). A minimal inhibitory concentration of the tested extracts was obtained between 0.61-20.4 mg mL-1, while the bactericidal effect was achieved between 1.2-40.8 mg mL-1. Antibiofilm potential was obtained at all tested concentrations, and subinhibitory concentrations of the extract exhibited an antiquorum effect and reduced the formation of P. aeruginosa pili, which all together influenced the virulence of this bacterium. Due to the investigated bioactivities and compounds of P. squamosus and its well-balanced nutritional profile, this mushroom can be further used as a medicinal ingredient based on its antioxidative and antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Mocan
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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115
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Volatile components, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacities of worm-infected Gomphidius rutilus. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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116
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Aisala H, Laaksonen O, Manninen H, Raittola A, Hopia A, Sandell M. Sensory properties of Nordic edible mushrooms. Food Res Int 2018; 109:526-536. [PMID: 29803480 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are a global food with a history of consumption spanning several millennia. However, studies utilizing modern sensory methods on mushrooms are still scarce. In this study, the sensory properties of Nordic edible mushrooms were analyzed by two methods. In the sensory profile, sous vide processed wild mushroom species Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus tubaeformis, Boletus edulis, and Lactarius camphoratus were studied with cultivated Agaricus bisporus as a control species. The sensory profile consisted of 18 descriptors, and the 5 mushrooms differed from each other in all of them. Only B. edulis and A. bisporus were linked to typical mushroom-like odor. In projective mapping, consumers evaluated blanched wild C. cibarius, C. tubaeformis and Suillus variegatus as well as cultivated Lentinula edodes and both blanched and fresh A. bisporus based on odor and on flavor. The consumers intuitively grouped the samples into three groups: wild, fresh cultivated and processed cultivated mushrooms. Wild mushrooms had a high odor intensity and various odor descriptions but a low flavor intensity. Cultivated mushrooms had opposite descriptions. Both tests showed differences in the sensory descriptors between the cultivated and wild mushrooms with the former linked to typical 'mushroom', indicating the importance and need for descriptive profiles for different mushroom types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heikki Aisala
- University of Turku, Department of Biochemistry, Food Chemistry and Food Development, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; University of Turku, Functional Foods Forum, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Oskar Laaksonen
- University of Turku, Department of Biochemistry, Food Chemistry and Food Development, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Hanna Manninen
- Tampere University of Technology, Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Auri Raittola
- University of Turku, Department of Biochemistry, Food Chemistry and Food Development, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anu Hopia
- University of Turku, Functional Foods Forum, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mari Sandell
- University of Turku, Functional Foods Forum, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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117
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Ayeka PA. Potential of Mushroom Compounds as Immunomodulators in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:7271509. [PMID: 29849725 PMCID: PMC5937616 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7271509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since time immemorial, plants and their compounds have been used in the treatment and management of various ailments. Currently, most of conventional drugs used for treatment of diseases are either directly or indirectly obtained from plant sources. The fungal group of plants is of significance, which not only provides food directly to man but also has been source of important drugs. For instance, commonly used antibiotics are derived from fungi. Fungi have also been utilized in the food industry, baking, and alcohol production. Apart from the economic importance of the microfungi, macrofungi have been utilized directly as food, which is usually got from their fruiting bodies, commonly known as mushrooms. Due to their richness in proteins, minerals, and other nutrients, mushrooms have also been associated with boosting the immune system. This makes mushrooms an important food source, especially for vegetarians and immunosuppressed individuals including the HIV/AIDS persons. In complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs), mushrooms are increasingly being accepted for treatment of various diseases. Mushrooms have been shown to have the ability to stimulate the immune system, modulate humoral and cellular immunity, and potentiate antimutagenic and antitumorigenic activity, as well as rejuvenating the immune system weakened by radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment. This potential of mushrooms, therefore, qualifies them as candidates for immunomodulation and immunotherapy in cancer and other diseases' treatment. However, a critical review on mushroom's immune modulating potential in cancer has not been sufficiently addressed. This review puts forward insights into the immune activities of mushroom associated with anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Amwoga Ayeka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
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Finimundy TC, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Alves MJ, Prieto MA, Abreu RM, Dillon AJ, Henriques JA, Roesch-Ely M, Ferreira IC. Multifunctions of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer: A highly nutritious food and a source for bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2018; 245:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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119
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Zavastin DE, Biliută G, Dodi G, Macsim AM, Lisa G, Gherman SP, Breabăn IG, Miron A, Coseri S. Metal content and crude polysaccharide characterization of selected mushrooms growing in Romania. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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120
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Segarra S, Miró G, Montoya A, Pardo-Marín L, Teichenné J, Ferrer L, Cerón JJ. Prevention of disease progression in Leishmania infantum-infected dogs with dietary nucleotides and active hexose correlated compound. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:103. [PMID: 29467015 PMCID: PMC5822671 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in clinically healthy dogs can be several times higher than that of clinical disease in endemic areas. Although treatment is not recommended in dogs with subclinical infection, these animals should be managed to prevent disease progression and parasite transmission to human beings or to other dogs. Dietary nucleotides and active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) have been shown to modulate the immune response. A recent study in dogs with clinical leishmaniosis receiving an initial 28-day course of methylglucamine antimoniate showed that six-month administration of a dietary supplement containing nucleotides plus AHCC achieves similar efficacy to allopurinol. Since the type of immune response plays a key role in the evolution of patients with leishmaniosis, the present study was aimed at evaluating the preventive effect of this supplement in avoiding or delaying disease progression in clinically healthy Leishmania-infected dogs. Methods Forty-six dogs were included in this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Dogs received once-daily oral administration of a placebo or a dietary supplement containing nucleotides plus AHCC. Disease progression was monitored throughout the study in both groups. At 0, 60, 180 and 365 days of treatment, clinical signs were evaluated using a validated clinical scoring system, and several analytes were measured from blood, urine, and bone marrow samples. Results During the study, a significantly lower (P = 0.047) proportion of dogs changed their clinical status and became sick in the supplement group (3/20; 15%), compared to the placebo group (10/22; 45.5%). ELISA-determined antibody titers were significantly reduced compared to baseline at all time points with the supplement (P < 0.01), but not with the placebo. The mean clinical score of disease severity was significantly lower in the supplement group after 180 days (P = 0.014). No significant differences were observed for the other parameters. The dietary supplement was well tolerated. Conclusions Oral administration of nucleotides plus AHCC for 365 days in clinically healthy L. infantum-infected dogs is safe, allows a significant reduction in anti-Leishmania antibodies, and leads to a lower disease progression rate, hence exerting a preventive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U, pl. Francesc Macià 7, 08029, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Guadalupe Miró
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Montoya
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Pardo-Marín
- Interlab-UMU, Campus de Excelencia "Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Joan Teichenné
- Eurecat - Health and Nutrition Unit, TECNIO, CEICS, av. Universitat 1, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Lluís Ferrer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA, 01536, USA
| | - José Joaquín Cerón
- Interlab-UMU, Campus de Excelencia "Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30071, Murcia, Spain
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Effects of herbal extracts on quality traits of yogurts, cheeses, fermented milks, and ice creams: a technological perspective. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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122
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Glamočlija J, Kostić M, Soković M. Antimicrobial and Hepatoprotective Activities of Edible Mushrooms. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02622-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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125
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Francisco CRL, Heleno SA, Fernandes IPM, Barreira JCM, Calhelha RC, Barros L, Gonçalves OH, Ferreira ICFR, Barreiro MF. Functionalization of yogurts with Agaricus bisporus extracts encapsulated in spray-dried maltodextrin crosslinked with citric acid. Food Chem 2017; 245:845-853. [PMID: 29287450 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mushroom extracts contain bioactive compounds potentially useful to functionalize foodstuffs. Herein, alcoholic extracts of Agaricus bisporus were studied for their bioactivity and viability as functional ingredients in a food product with high water content (yogurt). Extracts were microencapsulated (to improve their stability and hydrophilicity) by spray-drying, using maltodextrin crosslinked with citric acid as encapsulating material. The effect of thermal treatment (after atomization) on crosslinking and bioactivity of microspheres was tested. The incorporation of free and thermally untreated forms resulted in yogurts with higher initial antioxidant activity (EC50 values: 214 and 272 mg.mL-1) that decreased after 7 days (EC50 values: 248 and 314 mg.mL-1). Contrarily, thermally treated microencapsulated extracts showed higher antioxidant activity after the same period (EC50 values, 0 days: 106 mg.mL-1; 7 days: 48.7 mg.mL-1), in result of an effective protection provided by microencapsulation with crosslinked maltodextrin and citric acid. Functionalized yogurts showed an overall maintenance of nutritional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian R L Francisco
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal; Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal; Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Campus Campo Mourão, via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, CEP 87301-899, Caixa Postal: 271, Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal; Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel P M Fernandes
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal
| | - João C M Barreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Odinei Hess Gonçalves
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR, Campus Campo Mourão, via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, CEP 87301-899, Caixa Postal: 271, Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Maria Filomena Barreiro
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 1134, 5301-857 Bragança, Portugal.
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