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Abstract
Carbon dots (C-Dots), defined by characteristic sizes of <10 nm, have become a rising star in carbon nanomaterials. C-Dots possess many unique physiochemical and photochemical properties which make them a promising platform for imaging, environmental, catalytic, biological and energy-related applications. To date, C-Dots have been investigated extensively, and their related applications have developed rapidly. However, quantitative understanding of the physiochemical properties of C-Dots still remains a difficult challenge because of their complex structures. Here, we will highlight the recent progress in the practical applications of C-Dots, with particular attention to the research in light-emitting devices, bioimaging and biodetection, catalysis, functional materials, and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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102
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Huang Y, He N, Kang Q, Shen D, Wang X, Wang Y, Chen L. A carbon dot-based fluorescent nanoprobe for the associated detection of iron ions and the determination of the fluctuation of ascorbic acid induced by hypoxia in cells and in vivo. Analyst 2019; 144:6609-6616. [PMID: 31616873 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01694e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the redox balance of biological systems is a key point to maintain a healthy physiological environment. Excessive iron ions (Fe3+) can cause apoptosis, tissue damage and death. Fortunately, ascorbic acid (AA) as a reducing agent has been evaluated for the reduction of Fe3+. Moreover, AA plays an important role in relieving hypoxia-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, the real-time imaging of the Fe3+ and AA fluctuations is important for understanding their biofunctions in cells and in vivo. In this work, we developed a fluorescent nanoprobe carbon dot-desferrioxamine B (CD-DB) by the conjugate connection of CDs and desferrioxamine B (a complexing agent for Fe3+) for the associated detection of Fe3+ and AA. CD-DB exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of Fe3+ and AA. The nanoprobe CDs-DB@Fe obtained by the reaction of CD-DB and Fe3+ was suitable for tracing the dynamic changes of AA in cells and in vivo. Therefore, CDs-DB@Fe was used for monitoring the fluctuation of AA in hypoxic cell models, hypoxic zebrafish models and liver ischemia mice models. These results exhibited the decrease in AA under hypoxic conditions because AA was consumed to neutralize free radicals and relieve hypoxia-induced oxidative stress damage. The ideal biocompatibility and low toxicity make our nanoprobe a potential candidate for the research of the physiological effects of AA in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China. and CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, The Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Na He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, The Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China. and School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Dazhong Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, The Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China. and School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, The Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, The Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China. and School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, University, Qufu 273165, China
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103
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Shao K, Yang Y, Ye S, Gu D, Wang T, Teng Y, Shen Z, Pan Z. Dual-colored carbon dots-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor for high-precision detection of alkaline phosphatase activity. Talanta 2019; 208:120460. [PMID: 31816722 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Probing the level and activity of alkaline phosphatases (ALP) is of great significance for biomedical research on cellular functions and clinical diagnosis of cancers. Herein, a novel dual-colored carbon dots (CDs)-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor was constructed to accomplish high sensitive and accurate determination of ALP relyed on the difference of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between blue light emitted CDs (B-CDs)-MnO2 nanohybrid and yellow light emitted CDs (Y-CDs)-MnO2 nanohybrid. The ratiometric fluorescent sensor enabled sensitive discrimination of ALP against other enzymes in a linear range of 0.1-500 U/L with a limit of detection of 0.02 U/L. The lower error and signal fluctuation, more satisfactory LODs and higher R value (R2 = 0.99552) of the ratiometric sensing platform than single signal detection mode (R2 = 0.85231; R2 = 0.64260) indicated the superiority of the ratiometric fluorescence detection mode.Besides, the excellent analytical performance towards ALP in biological system demonstrated the potential application in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shiyi Ye
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China
| | - Danyu Gu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yuanjie Teng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhenlu Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zaifa Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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104
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Dervishi E, Ji Z, Htoon H, Sykora M, Doorn SK. Raman spectroscopy of bottom-up synthesized graphene quantum dots: size and structure dependence. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16571-16581. [PMID: 31460557 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05345j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted significant interest as synthetically tunable optoelectronic and photonic materials that can also serve as model systems for understanding size-dependent behaviors of related graphene structures such as nanoribbons. We present a Raman spectroscopy study of bottom-up synthesized GQDs with lateral dimensions between 0.97 to 1.62 nm, well-defined (armchair) edge type, and fully benzenoid structures. For a better understanding of observed size-dependent trends, the study is extended to larger graphene structures including nano-graphene platelets (>25 nm) and large-area graphene. Raman spectra of GQDs reveal the presence of D and G bands, as well as higher order modes (2D, D + G, and 2G). The D and G band frequencies and intensity were found to increase as GQD size increases, while higher order modes (2D, D + G, and 2G) also increased in intensity and became more well-defined. The integrated intensity ratios of D and G bands (ID/IG) increase as the size of the GQDs approaches 2 nm and rapidly decrease for larger graphene structures. We present a quantitative comparison of ID/IG ratios for the GQDs and for defects introduced into large area graphenes through ion bombardment, for which inter-defect distances are comparable to the sizes of GQDs studied here. Close agreement suggests the ID/IG ratio as a size diagnostic for other nanographenes. Finally, we show that Raman spectroscopy is also a good diagnostic tool for monitoring the formation of bottom-up synthesized GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkeleda Dervishi
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | - Zhiqiang Ji
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | - Han Htoon
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | - Milan Sykora
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
| | - Stephen K Doorn
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
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105
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Suresh Kumar P, Megarajan S, Rajendra Kumar Reddy G, Anbazhagan V. Facile synthesis of gold nanoparticles using carbon dots for electrochemical detection of neurotransmitter, dopamine in human serum and as a chemocatalyst for nitroaromatic reduction. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 12:909-914. [PMID: 30247129 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the authors reported a carbon dots mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the AuNPs are spherical in shape with a size of 10 nm. As-prepared AuNPs was immobilised on carbon paste electrode and subjected to electrochemical sensing of an important neurotransmitter dopamine. Differential pulse voltammetry studies revealed sensitive and selective determination of dopamine in the presence of commonly interfering ascorbic acid and uric acid. The linear detection range was 10-600 μM and the limit of detection was 0.7 ± 0.18 μM. The practical application was demonstrated by measuring dopamine in human blood serum and urine samples. The catalytic activity of AuNPs was evaluated by sodium borohydride mediated reduction of nitroaromatic compounds. The reduction kinetics was found to be pseudo-first-order kinetics. All the tested nitroaromatics reduced to corresponding amines in <10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palathedath Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu-613401, India
| | - Sengan Megarajan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu-613401, India
| | - Gajjala Rajendra Kumar Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu-613401, India
| | - Veerappan Anbazhagan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu-613401, India.
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106
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Sendão RMS, Crista DMA, Afonso ACP, Martínez de Yuso MDV, Algarra M, Esteves da Silva JCG, Pinto da Silva L. Insight into the hybrid luminescence showed by carbon dots and molecular fluorophores in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20919-20926. [PMID: 31517344 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03730f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots have attracted great attention from the research community given their very attractive luminescent properties. However, the recent discovery that some of these properties may result from fluorescent impurities originating from the synthesis process, and not from the carbon dots themselves, constitute a significant setback to our knowledge of these materials. Herein, we proceeded to the study of carbon dots generated from citric acid and urea via a microwave-assisted synthesis, focusing on their analysis by AFM, HR-TEM, XPS, FT-IR, ESI-MS, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. We have found that this synthesis process does generate molecular fluorophores that can mask the luminescence of the carbon dots. More importantly, our data demonstrates that when present in the same solution, the carbon dots and these fluorophores do not behave as separated species with individual emission. Instead, they interact to produce a hybrid luminescence, which excited state properties and reactivity are different from the properties of the individual species. These results indicate the possibility for the development of hybrid materials composed by carbon dots and related molecular fluorophores with new and improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M S Sendão
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana M A Crista
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina P Afonso
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Del Valle Martínez de Yuso
- X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Lab, Central Service to Support Research Bulding (SCAI), University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Algarra
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C G Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal and LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal and LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Department of Geosciences, Environment and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, R. Campo Alegre 697, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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107
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Yoo D, Park Y, Cheon B, Park MH. Carbon Dots as an Effective Fluorescent Sensing Platform for Metal Ion Detection. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:272. [PMID: 31410663 PMCID: PMC6692426 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) including carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have drawn great interest because of their low cost and low toxicity, and they represent a new class of carbon materials prepared by simple synthetic routes. In particular, the optical properties of CDs can be easily tuned by the surface passivation of the organic layer and functionalization of the CDs. Based on the advantages of these carbon materials, CQDs and GQDs have been applied in various fields as nanoplatforms for sensing, imaging, and delivery. In this review, we discuss several synthetic methods for preparing CQDs and GQDs, as well as their physical properties, and further discuss the progress in CD research with an emphasis on their application in heavy metal sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggeon Yoo
- Nanobiomaterials Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
| | - Yuri Park
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
| | - Banyoon Cheon
- Nanobiomaterials Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
| | - Myoung-Hwan Park
- Nanobiomaterials Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795 Korea
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108
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Amjad M, Iqbal M, Faisal A, Junjua AM, Hussain I, Hussain SZ, Ghramh HA, Khan KA, Janjua HA. Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon nanodots from bovine gelatin and PHM3 microalgae strain for anticancer and bioimaging applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2924-2936. [PMID: 36133618 PMCID: PMC9419553 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00164f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Semi-conductor quantum dots (QDs) are favorite candidates for many applications especially for potential use as optical bioimaging agents. But the major issue of QDs is toxicity. In the present study, carbon nanodots were synthesized using a green hydrothermal approach from gelatin protein using a previously established protocol. However, the PL properties and applications of the as-synthesized CG (bovine gelatin) nanodots were remarkably different from those of previously reported gelatin carbon dots. CG (bovine gelatin) nanodots had sizes greater than the Bohr exciton radius but still had QD like fluorescence characteristics. Furthermore, the results from fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated a tunable PL emission profile at various excitation wavelengths. Second, carbon nanodots were also synthesized from algal biomass of Pectinodesmus sp. via a green hydrothermal approach, denoted as CA (PHM3 algae) nanodots. A study of the PL properties and surface chemical composition of CG (bovine gelatin) and CA (PHM3 algae) nanodots suggested that the surface chemical composition significantly alters the surface states which directly influence their PL properties. CG (bovine gelatin) nanodots were used for imaging of plant and bacterial cells with good imaging sensitivity comparable to toxic semiconductor quantum dots. Moreover, the results from in vitro studies suggested good anticancer properties of CA (PHM3 algae) and CG (bovine gelatin) nanodots with minimum GI50 values of 0.316 ± 0.447 ng ml-1 (n = 2) and 8.156 ± 6.596 ng ml-1 (n = 2) for HCC 1954 (breast cancer) and 0.542 ± 0.715 ng ml-1 (n = 2) and 23.860 ± 14.524 ng ml-1 (n = 2) for HCT 116 (colorectal cancer) cell lines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishal Amjad
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Maheen Iqbal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management and Sciences Lahore Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management and Sciences Lahore Pakistan
| | | | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore Pakistan
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore Pakistan
| | - Hamed A Ghramh
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University P. O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
- Research Centre for Advanced Material Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University P. O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University P. O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
- Research Centre for Advanced Material Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University P. O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussnain Ahmed Janjua
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan
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109
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Zhang B, Duan Q, Li Y, Zhang Y, Che M, Zhang W, Sang S. A “turn-on” fluorescent probe for glutathione detection based on the polyethylenimine-carbon dots-Cu2+ system. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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110
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Belkahla H, Boudjemaa R, Caorsi V, Pineau D, Curcio A, Lomas JS, Decorse P, Chevillot-Biraud A, Azaïs T, Wilhelm C, Randriamahazaka H, Hémadi M. Carbon dots, a powerful non-toxic support for bioimaging by fluorescence nanoscopy and eradication of bacteria by photothermia. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:2571-2579. [PMID: 36132715 PMCID: PMC9418816 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon Dots (CDs) are innovative materials which have potential applications in many fields, including nanomedicine, energy and catalysis. Here CDs were produced by the alkali-assisted ultrasonic route and characterized by several techniques to determine their composition and properties. Fluorescence nanoscopy using single-molecule localization microscopy shows that they have very good photophysical properties and a remarkable blinking behaviour at 405 nm. Moreover, these CDs are a safe material, non-toxic towards different cell lines (cancer and non-cancer cells) even at very high concentration, reflecting an excellent biocompatibility. Photothermia, i.e. their heating capacity under laser irradiation, was evaluated at two wavelengths and at several power densities. The resulting temperature increment was high (5 < ΔT < 45 °C) and appropriate for biomedical applications. Bioimaging and photothermia were then performed on E. coli, a Gram(-) bacterium, incubated with CDs. Remarkably, by photothermia at 680 nm (0.3, 1 and 1.9 W cm-2) or 808 nm (1.9 W cm-2), CDs are able to eradicate bacteria in their exponential and stationary phases. Images obtained by 3D super-resolution microscopy clearly show the different CD distributions in surviving bacteria after mild photothermal treatment. These results confirm that CDs are multifunctional materials with a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Belkahla
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - R Boudjemaa
- Abbelight 6 rue Jean Calvin 75005 Paris France
| | - V Caorsi
- Abbelight 6 rue Jean Calvin 75005 Paris France
| | - D Pineau
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - A Curcio
- Laboratoire Matières et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7057, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - J S Lomas
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - P Decorse
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - A Chevillot-Biraud
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - T Azaïs
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS-UMR 7574, Collège de France 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - C Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matières et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7057, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - H Randriamahazaka
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - M Hémadi
- Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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111
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Graphene quantum dots and carbon nano dots for the FRET based detection of heavy metal ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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112
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Recent Advancements in Doped/Co-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Multi-Potential Applications. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/carbon nanodots are a new class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials having an approximate size in the range of 2–10 nm. The majority of the reported review articles have discussed about the development of the CQDs (via simple and cost-effective synthesis methods) for use in bio-imaging and chemical-/biological-sensing applications. However, there is a severe lack of consolidated studies on the recently developed CQDs (especially doped/co-doped) that are utilized in different areas of application. Hence, in this review, we have extensively discussed about the recent development in doped and co-doped CQDs (using elements/heteroatoms—e.g., boron (B), fluorine (F), nitrogen (N), sulphur (S), and phosphorous (P)), along with their synthesis method, reaction conditions, and/or quantum yield (QY), and their emerging multi-potential applications including electrical/electronics (such as light emitting diode (LED) and solar cells), fluorescent ink for anti-counterfeiting, optical sensors (for detection of metal ions, drugs, and pesticides/fungicides), gene delivery, and temperature probing.
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113
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Pourreza N, Ghomi M. Green synthesized carbon quantum dots from Prosopis juliflora leaves as a dual off-on fluorescence probe for sensing mercury (II) and chemet drug. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:887-896. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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114
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Kailasa SK, Ha S, Baek SH, Phan LMT, Kim S, Kwak K, Park TJ. Tuning of carbon dots emission color for sensing of Fe3+ ion and bioimaging applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:834-842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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115
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Shankar SS, Shereema RM, Ramachandran V, Sruthi TV, Kumar VBS, Rakhi RB. Carbon Quantum Dot-Modified Carbon Paste Electrode-Based Sensor for Selective and Sensitive Determination of Adrenaline. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:7903-7910. [PMID: 31459878 PMCID: PMC6648597 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A carbon quantum dot-based carbon paste electrode was fabricated and used for the determination of adrenaline (AD) at the nanomolar level. This fabricated electrode exhibited tremendous electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of adrenaline in supporting electrolyte (PBS of pH 7.4). Scan rate variation studies with the modified electrode revealed that the overall electrode process was controlled by a diffusion process. A lower detection limit of 6 nM was achieved by chronoamperometry. Interference by biological molecules such as serotonin (5-HT) and ascorbic acid (AA) in the electrochemical oxidation of AD on the fabricated electrode was tested. It was observed that with the modified electrode, the selective determination of AD was possible. Further, with the fabricated electrode, simultaneous analysis of AA, AD, and 5-HT was performed, and it was observed that the overlapped peaks of these analytes on the naked electrode were well resolved into three peaks on the modified electrode. Along with decent sensitivity and selectivity, the electrode also showed higher stability and antifouling nature. The real-time application of the projected scheme was proven by employing the said electrode for adrenaline in adrenaline bitartrate injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sharath Shankar
- Chemical
Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology
(CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - Rayamarakkar M. Shereema
- Chemical
Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology
(CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Vishnu Ramachandran
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - T. V. Sruthi
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - V. B. Sameer Kumar
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod 671316, India
| | - R. B. Rakhi
- Chemical
Sciences & Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology
(CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
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116
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Boakye-Yiadom KO, Kesse S, Opoku-Damoah Y, Filli MS, Aquib M, Joelle MMB, Farooq MA, Mavlyanova R, Raza F, Bavi R, Wang B. Carbon dots: Applications in bioimaging and theranostics. Int J Pharm 2019; 564:308-317. [PMID: 31015004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are a carbonaceous nanomaterial that were discovered accidentally and are now drawing significant attention as a new quantum-sized fluorescent nanoparticle. Carbon dots are biocompatible, non-toxic, photostable, and easily functionalized with good photoluminescence and water solubility. Due to these unique properties, they are used broadly in live cell imaging, catalysis, electronics, biosensing, power, targeted drug delivery, and other biomedical applications. Here, we review the recent development of carbon dots in nanomedicine from their use in drug carriers to imaging agents to multifunctional theranostic systems. Finally, we discuss the challenges and views on next-generation carbon dot-based theranostics for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi Oti Boakye-Yiadom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Samuel Kesse
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yaw Opoku-Damoah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mensura Sied Filli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Md Aquib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Mily Maviah Bazezy Joelle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Rukhshona Mavlyanova
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Rohit Bavi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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117
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Zhang Y, Yang C, Yang D, Shao Z, Hu Y, Chen J, Yuwen L, Weng L, Luo Z, Wang L. Reduction of graphene oxide quantum dots to enhance the yield of reactive oxygen species for photodynamic therapy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 20:17262-17267. [PMID: 29901057 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01990h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) and chemically reduced GOQDs (rGOQDs) was studied. This shows that GOQDs and rGOQDs produce ROS including singlet oxygen (1O2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2˙-). Interestingly, the rGOQDs exhibit a higher yield of ROS under white light in comparison with GOQDs, indicating the enhanced photodynamic effect through chemical reduction of GOQDs. Studies on the relation between their structures and the yield of ROS demonstrate that the reduction of GOQDs with hydrazine hydrate decreases the band gap and valence band of GOQDs and results in more electron-hole pairs, which leads to an improvement in the yield of ROS from rGOQDs. This research explores the specific species of ROS generated from GOQDs, and provides an efficient avenue to improve the yield of ROS through surface modification of GOQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Display (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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118
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Gong Y, Liang H. Nickel ion detection by imidazole modified carbon dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 211:342-347. [PMID: 30583165 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nickel ions (Ni2+) were detected by a new imidazole modified carbon dots (CDs) based on fluorescence quenching method. Structural characterization of CD-imidazole quantum dots were accomplished by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Spectroscopic properties were characterized by ultraviolet absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum. Ni2+ concentration showed good linear relationship with fluorescence quenching efficiency in the range of 6-100 mM (R = 0.99) and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.93 mM. Imidazole modified CDs have strong selectivity of Ni2+ compared with other metal ions in aqueous solution. These results demonstrated that the fluorescence sense platform based on imidazole modified CDs can be applied to Ni2+ detection in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China.
| | - Huifeng Liang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
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119
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Devi P, Saini S, Kim KH. The advanced role of carbon quantum dots in nanomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111158. [PMID: 31323605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as a potential material in the diverse fields of biomedical applications due to their numerous advantageous properties including fluorescence, water solubility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, small size and ease of modification, inexpensive scale-up production, and versatile conjugation with other nanoparticles. Thus, CQDs became a preferable choice in various biomedical applications such as nanocarriers for drugs, therapeutic genes, photosensitizers, and antibacterial molecules. Further, their potentials have also been verified in multifunctional diagnostic platforms, cellular and bacterial bio-imaging, development of theranostics nanomedicine, etc. This review provides a concise insight into the progress and evolution in the field of CQD research with respect to methods/materials available in bio-imaging, theranostics, cancer/gene therapy, diagnostics, etc. Further, our discussion is extended to explore the role of CQDs in nanomedicine which is considered to be the future of biomedicine. This study will thus help biomedical researchers in tapping the potential of CQDs to overcome various existing technological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Devi
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30C, Chandigarh 160030, India.
| | - Shefali Saini
- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30C, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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120
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Qian S, Qiao L, Xu W, Jiang K, Wang Y, Lin H. An inner filter effect-based near-infrared probe for the ultrasensitive detection of tetracyclines and quinolones. Talanta 2019; 194:598-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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121
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Mello GPC, Simões EFC, Crista DMA, Leitão JMM, Pinto da Silva L, Esteves da Silva JCG. Glucose Sensing by Fluorescent Nanomaterials. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 49:542-552. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1565984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P. C. Mello
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eliana F. C. Simões
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana M. A. Crista
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João M. M. Leitão
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pinto da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQ-UP), Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LACOMEPHI, GreenUPorto, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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122
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De Acha N, Elosúa C, Corres JM, Arregui FJ. Fluorescent Sensors for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions in Aqueous Media. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19030599. [PMID: 30708989 PMCID: PMC6386841 DOI: 10.3390/s19030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the risks that water contamination implies for human health and environmental protection, monitoring the quality of water is a major concern of the present era. Therefore, in recent years several efforts have been dedicated to the development of fast, sensitive, and selective sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions. In particular, fluorescent sensors have gained in popularity due to their interesting features, such as high specificity, sensitivity, and reversibility. Thus, this review is devoted to the recent advances in fluorescent sensors for the monitoring of these contaminants, and special focus is placed on those devices based on fluorescent aptasensors, quantum dots, and organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea De Acha
- Department of Electric, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - César Elosúa
- Department of Electric, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Corres
- Department of Electric, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Arregui
- Department of Electric, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
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123
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Optical, electrochemical and catalytic methods for in-vitro diagnosis using carbonaceous nanoparticles: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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124
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Behboudi H, Mehdipour G, Safari N, Pourmadadi M, Saei A, Omidi M, Tayebi L, Rahmandoust M. Carbon Quantum Dots in Nanobiotechnology. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10834-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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125
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Sun Z, Yang Z, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Hou J, Ding L. Microwave-assisted fabrication of multicolor photoluminescent carbon dots as a ratiometric fluorescence sensor for iron ions. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05324c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicolor CDs were prepared by a microwave-assisted method and used as a ratiometric fluorescence sensor for the detection of iron ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqi Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Yongqi Li
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Juan Hou
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- China
| | - Lan Ding
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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126
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Liyanage PY, Graham RM, Pandey RR, Chusuei CC, Mintz KJ, Zhou Y, Harper JK, Wu W, Wikramanayake AH, Vanni S, Leblanc RM. Carbon Nitride Dots: A Selective Bioimaging Nanomaterial. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 30:111-123. [PMID: 30525487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the recent immense attention in carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) as a heteroatom-doped carbon quantum dot (CQD), their biomedical applications have not been thoroughly investigated. Targeted cancer therapy is a prominently researched area in the biomedical field. Here, the ability of CNQDs as a selective bioimaging nanomaterial was investigated to assist targeted cancer therapy. CNQDs were first synthesized using four different precursor sets involving urea derivatives, and the characteristics were compared to select the best candidate material for bioapplications. Characterization techniques such as UV-vis, luminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used. These CNQDs were analyzed in in vitro studies of bioimaging and labeling using pediatric glioma cells (SJGBM2) for possible selective biolabeling and nanodistribution inside the cell membrane. The in vitro cellular studies were conducted under long-wavelength emission without the interference of blue autofluorescence. Thus, excitation-dependent emission of CNQDs was proved to be advantageous. Importantly, CNQDs selectively entered SJGBM2 tumor cells, while it did not disperse into normal human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The distribution studies in the cell cytoplasm indicated that CNQDs dispersed into lysosomes within approximately 6 h after the incubation. The CNQDs exhibited great potential as a possible nanomaterial in selective bioimaging and drug delivery for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piumi Y Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurological surgery, Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Raja R Pandey
- Department of Chemistry , Middle Tennessee State University , Murfreesboro , Tennessee 37132 , United States
| | - Charles C Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry , Middle Tennessee State University , Murfreesboro , Tennessee 37132 , United States
| | - Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - James K Harper
- Department of Chemistry , University of Central Florida , 4111 Libra Drive , Orlando , Florida 32816 , United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Biology , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Athula H Wikramanayake
- Department of Biology , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Steven Vanni
- Department of Neurological surgery, Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
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127
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Carbon Nanodots: A Review—From the Current Understanding of the Fundamental Photophysics to the Full Control of the Optical Response. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/c4040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging family of nanosystems displaying a range of fascinating properties. Broadly speaking, they can be described as small, surface-functionalized carbonaceous nanoparticles characterized by an intense and tunable fluorescence, a marked sensitivity to the environment and a range of interesting photochemical properties. CDs are currently the subject of very intense research, motivated by their possible applications in many fields, including bioimaging, solar energy harvesting, nanosensing, light-emitting devices and photocatalyis. This review covers the latest advancements in the field of CDs, with a focus on the fundamental understanding of their key photophysical behaviour, which is still very debated. The photoluminescence mechanism, the origin of their peculiar fluorescence tunability, and their photo-chemical interactions with coupled systems are discussed in light of the latest developments in the field, such as the most recent results obtained by femtosecond time-resolved experiments, which have led to important steps forward in the fundamental understanding of CDs. The optical response of CDs appears to stem from a very complex interplay between the electronic states related to the core structure and those introduced by surface functionalization. In addition, the structure of CD energy levels and the electronic dynamics triggered by photo-excitation finely depend on the microscopic structure of any specific sub-type of CD. On the other hand, this remarkable variability makes CDs extremely versatile, a key benefit in view of their very wide range of applications.
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128
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Li S, Jiang J, Yan Y, Wang P, Huang G, Kim NH, Lee JH, He D. Red, green, and blue fluorescent folate-receptor-targeting carbon dots for cervical cancer cellular and tissue imaging. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:1054-1063. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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129
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Imran M, Ayub W, Butler IS, Zia-ur-Rehman. Photoactivated platinum-based anticancer drugs. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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130
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Thurner GC, Debbage P. Molecular imaging with nanoparticles: the dwarf actors revisited 10 years later. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:733-794. [PMID: 30443735 PMCID: PMC6267421 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1753-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
We explore present-day trends and challenges in nanomedicine. Creativity in the laboratories continues: the published literature on novel nanoparticles is now vast. Nanoagents are discussed here which are composed entirely of strongly photoluminescent materials, tunable to desired optical properties and of inherently low toxicity. We focus on "quantum nanoparticles" prepared from allotropes of carbon. The principles behind strong, tunable photoluminescence are quantum mechanical: we present them in simple outline. The major industries racing to develop these materials can offer significant technical guidance to nanomedicine, which could help to custom-design strongly signalling nanoagents specifically for stated clinical applications. Since such agents are small, they can be targeted easily, making active targeting possible. We consider it timely now to study the interactions nanoparticles undergo with tissue components in living animals and to learn to understand and overcome the numerous barriers the organism interposes between the blood and targets in or on parenchymal cells. As the near infra-red spectrum opens up, detection of glowing nanoparticles several centimeters deep in a living human subject becomes calculable and we present a simple way to do this. Finally, we discuss the slow-fuse and resource-inefficient entry of nanoparticles into clinical application. A first possible reason is failure to target across the body's barriers, see above. Second, in the sparse translational landscape funding and support gaps yawn widely between academic research and subsequent development. We consider the agendas of the numerous "stakeholders" participating in this sad landscape and point to some faint glimmers of hope for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun C Thurner
- Department of Radiology, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Debbage
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Medical University Innsbruck, Muellerstrasse 59, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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131
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Li Z, Zhang X, Liu C, Guo J, Cui H, Shen L, Guo W. Toward Efficient Carbon-Dots-Based Electron-Extraction Layer Through Surface Charge Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:40255-40264. [PMID: 30387598 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the low conductivity and parasitic inherent drawback of polyelectrolyte electron transfer layer (ETL), the polymer-functionalized carbon nanodots (C-dots) are used as ETL in the inverted organic solar cells. The prepared C-dots with high luminescent property can absorb the ultraviolet light and convert them into low-energy photons, which may be harvested by the active layer. Moreover, the light-induced filling and release of local states can suppress the leakage current and facilitate electron extraction of the cathode. Consequently, the champion power conversion efficiency of 9.53% for poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2- b:4,5- b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4- b]thiophenediyl]]:[6,6]-phenyl-C70-butyric acid methyl ester device is achieved. This work presents a new strategy to employ low-cost carbon nanomaterials to facilitate the electron transport and collection of organic photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Houxiao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
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132
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Wang DM, Lin KL, Huang CZ. Carbon dots-involved chemiluminescence: Recent advances and developments. LUMINESCENCE 2018; 34:4-22. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Ke Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis, Chongqing Science and Technology Commission, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
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133
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Sri S, Kumar R, Panda AK, Solanki PR. Highly Biocompatible, Fluorescence, and Zwitterionic Carbon Dots as a Novel Approach for Bioimaging Applications in Cancerous Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37835-37845. [PMID: 30360121 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Highly biocompatible, excellently photostable, nitrogen- and sulfur-containing novel zwitterionic carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized by microwave-assisted pyrolysis. The size of CDs were 2-5 nm, with an average size of 2.61 ± 0.7 nm. CDs were characterized by UV/vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, zeta potential, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. CDs were known to emit blue fluorescence when excited at 360 nm, that is, UV region, and emit in the blue region of visible spectrum, that is, at 443 nm. CDs showed excitation-independent photoluminescence behavior and were highly fluorescent even at lower concentration under UV light. These CDs were highly fluorescent in nature, with the quantum yield being as high as 80%, which is comparable to that of organic dyes. The CDs were further used to image two different oral cancer cell lines, namely, FaDu (human pharyngeal carcinoma) and Cal-27 (human tongue carcinoma). The cell viability assay demonstarted that CDs were highly biocompatible, which was further confirmed by the side scattering studies as no change in the granularity was observed even at the highest concentration of 1600 μg/mL. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also investigated and negligible generaton of ROS was detected. In addition to that, the uptake phenomenon, cell cycle analysis, exocytosis, and cellular uptake at 4 °C and in the presence of ATP inhibitor were studied. It was found that CDs easily cross the plasma membrane without hampering the cellular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Sri
- Special Centre for Nanoscience , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067 , India
| | - Robin Kumar
- National Institute of Immunology , Aruna Asaf Ali Marg , New Delhi 110067 , India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- National Institute of Immunology , Aruna Asaf Ali Marg , New Delhi 110067 , India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Centre for Nanoscience , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067 , India
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134
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Chan KK, Yap SHK, Yong KT. Biogreen Synthesis of Carbon Dots for Biotechnology and Nanomedicine Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2018; 10:72. [PMID: 30417004 PMCID: PMC6208800 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-018-0223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, carbon dots have ignited a burst of interest in many different fields, including nanomedicine, solar energy, optoelectronics, energy storage, and sensing applications, owing to their excellent photoluminescence properties and the easiness to modify their optical properties through doping and functionalization. In this review, the synthesis, structural and optical properties, as well as photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots are first reviewed and summarized. Then, we describe a series of designs for carbon dot-based sensors and the different sensing mechanisms associated with them. Thereafter, we elaborate on recent research advances on carbon dot-based sensors for the selective and sensitive detection of a wide range of analytes, including heavy metals, cations, anions, biomolecules, biomarkers, nitroaromatic explosives, pollutants, vitamins, and drugs. Lastly, we provide a concluding perspective on the overall status, challenges, and future directions for the use of carbon dots in real-life sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Ken Chan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Stephanie Hui Kit Yap
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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135
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Chen Z, Wang S, Yang X. Phosphorus-doped carbon dots for sensing both Au (III) and l-methionine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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136
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Buiculescu R, Stefanakis D, Androulidaki M, Ghanotakis D, Chaniotakis NA. Controlling carbon nanodot fluorescence for optical biosensing. Analyst 2018; 141:4170-80. [PMID: 27170233 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00783j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report on the optical properties of specific synthetic carbon nano-dots (CDs) and their suitability for the development of optical biosensors. We examine the photoluminescence behavior of these CDs under different conditions, in their native form, as well as when conjugated to the catalytic protein glucose oxidase (GOx) for the construction of optical glucose biosensors. The effect of pH and hydrogen peroxide on the observed spectra is examined as the basis for the biosensor development. The CDs examined here have inherent surface amino functional groups which allow for easy conjugation to biomolecules via EDC-NHS, providing a well defined platform for biosensing applications. We conclude that the well controlled, stable, and highly efficient fluorescence behavior of the CDs in solution or in conjugate, provides the grounds for this class of materials to be used in a variety of arrangements for the development of optical and optoelectrochemical detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Buiculescu
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013 Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stefanakis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013 Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Androulidaki
- Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
| | - Demetrios Ghanotakis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013 Crete, Greece
| | - Nikos A Chaniotakis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 70013 Crete, Greece
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137
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Tian Z, Li D, Ushakova EV, Maslov VG, Zhou D, Jing P, Shen D, Qu S, Rogach AL. Multilevel Data Encryption Using Thermal-Treatment Controlled Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dot/Polyvinylalcohol Composites. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800795. [PMID: 30250808 PMCID: PMC6145421 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermal-treatment controlled room temperature phosphorescence is realized by embedding either originally synthesized carbon dots (CDs) or 200 °C thermal-treated CDs into a polyvinylalcohol (PVA) matrix through post-synthetic thermal annealing at 200 or 150 °C. The thermal-treatment controlled phosphorescence is attributed to the transfer of photoexcitation from the excited singlet state to the triplet state through intersystem crossing, followed by radiative transition to the ground state, which is due to decrease of quenchers (oxygen) in the CDs and suppression of the vibrational dissipations through the chemical bonding of CDs in the PVA matrix. Multilevel fluorescence/phosphorescence data encryption is demonstrated based on the thermal-treatment controlled phosphorescence from CD@PVA composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Di Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
| | - Elena V. Ushakova
- Center of Information Optical TechnologiesITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg197101Russia
| | - Vladimir G. Maslov
- Center of Information Optical TechnologiesITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg197101Russia
| | - Ding Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
| | - Pengtao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
| | - Dezhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
| | - Songnan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and ApplicationsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130033China
| | - Andrey L. Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP)City University of Hong KongKowloon999077Hong Kong SAR
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138
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Morita K, Kurusu S, Kodama H, Hirayama N. Effect of the Elemental Composition of Precursors from Amino Acids and Their Binary Mixtures on the Photoluminescent Intensity of Carbon Nanodots. ANAL SCI 2018; 33:1461-1464. [PMID: 29225241 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report on the photoluminescent (PL) properties of carbon nanodots (CNDs) doped with nitrogen and sulfur obtained by the pyrolytic carbonization of amino acids as precursors. Prepared CNDs exhibit stable PL emission under a wide variety of aqueous conditions. The results also provided the way to tune a PL intensity of CNDs by varying the amount of heteroatoms in precursors with a binary mixture of amino acids. The PL quantum yields of the obtained CNDs were determined to be from 0.079 to 0.571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Morita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University
| | - Shusei Kurusu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University
| | - Haruka Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University
| | - Naoki Hirayama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University
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139
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Metal ions doped carbon quantum dots: Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and their applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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140
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Zhang Y, Wu M, Chen J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Shi L, Ran R. Tough, High stretched, Self‐healing C‐dots/Hydrophobically Associated Composited Hydrogels and Their Use for a Fluorescence Sensing Platform. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Meng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Huan Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Lingying Shi
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Rong Ran
- College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
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141
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Magnetic carbon dots based molecularly imprinted polymers for fluorescent detection of bovine hemoglobin. Talanta 2018; 188:145-151. [PMID: 30029356 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and effective method was proposed to prepare an imprinted polymer layer at the surface of magnetic carbon dots with dopamine as the functional monomer for selectively and sensitively fluorescent recognizing bovine hemoglobin. The magnetic fluorescence imprinted polymers were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. Under optimum conditions, the fluorescent intensity decreased linearly coincided with the concentration of bovine hemoglobin in the range of 0.05-16.0 μM with a detection limit of 17.3 nM. The magnetic fluorescence imprinted polymers were used for detecting bovine hemoglobin in real samples with the recoveries of 99.0-104.0%. These results indicated that a convenient method was proposed to develop fluorescent probes for rapid recognition and sensitive detection of trace proteins in real samples.
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142
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Singh V, Rawat KS, Mishra S, Baghel T, Fatima S, John AA, Kalleti N, Singh D, Nazir A, Rath SK, Goel A. Biocompatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots prepared from beetroot extract for in vivo live imaging in C. elegans and BALB/c mice. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3366-3371. [PMID: 32254394 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00503f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) prepared from aqueous beetroot extract were developed as unique fluorescent nanomaterials for in vivo live animal imaging applications. Blue (B) and green (G) emitting environmentally benign CQDs (particle size of 5 nm and 8 nm, respectively) exhibited bright fluorescence in aqueous medium and were found to be biocompatible, photostable and non-toxic in animal models. The in vivo imaging and toxicity evaluation of both CQDs were performed for the first time in the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model, which revealed consistent fluorescence in the gut tissues of the worms without exerting any sign of toxic effects on the nematodes. The in vivo bio-distribution of G-CQDs given by tail vein injection in live BALB/c mice showed optical signals in the lower abdominal regions, mainly in the intestine, and cleared from the body through faeces. The tremendous potential shown by these eco-friendly CQDs in the C. elegans and mice models advocates new hopes for greener CQD nanomaterials as diagnostic tools in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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143
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Bayati M, Dai J, Zambrana A, Rees C, Fidalgo de Cortalezzi M. Effect of water chemistry on the aggregation and photoluminescence behavior of carbon dots. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 65:223-235. [PMID: 29548393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are rapidly emerging carbon-based nanomaterials that, due to their growing applications, will inevitable find their way to natural waters; however, their environmental fate is mostly unknown. Carbon dots with different surface functionality were fabricated and characterized by TEM and FT-IR. Their surface charge, given by the zeta potential, and their hydrodynamic diameter in suspension were investigated under a variety of environmentally relevant conditions. The effect of ionic strength was studied in the presence of monovalent (NaCl) and divalent (CaCl2) cations, for pH levels from 3 to 11; humic acid was used as a model for dissolved natural organic matter. Total potential energies of interactions were modeled by classical DLVO theory. The experimental results showed that water chemistry altered the surface charge of the nanomaterials, but their hydrodynamic size could not be correlated to those changes. Evidence of specific interactions was found for the amino functionalized particles in most cases, as well as the plain carbon dots in the presence of Ca2+ and humic acid. Nanoparticles remained largely stable in suspension, with some exception at the highest ionic strength considered. DLVO theory did not adequately capture the aggregation behavior of the system. Moreover, cation and/or humic acid adsorption negatively affected the emission intensity of the particles, suggesting limitations to their use in natural water sensing applications. The particular stability shown by the carbon dots results in exposure to organisms in the water column and the possibility of contamination transported to significant distances from their source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bayati
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - Jingjing Dai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - Austin Zambrana
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Chloe Rees
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Maria Fidalgo de Cortalezzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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144
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Algarra M, González-Calabuig A, Radotić K, Mutavdzic D, Ania C, Lázaro-Martínez J, Jiménez-Jiménez J, Rodríguez-Castellón E, del Valle M. Enhanced electrochemical response of carbon quantum dot modified electrodes. Talanta 2018; 178:679-685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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145
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He L, Zhang H, Fan H, Jiang X, Zhao W, Xiang GQ. Carbon-dot-based dual-emission silica nanoparticles as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for vanadium(V) detection in mineral water samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 189:51-56. [PMID: 28797842 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we propose a simple and effective strategy for designing a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor. We designed and developed a carbon dots (CDs) based dual-emission nanosensor for vanadium(V) by coating the surface of dye-doped silica nanoparticles with CDs. The fluorescence of dual-emission silica nanoparticles was quenched in acetic acid through potassium bromate (KBrO3) oxidation. V(V) could catalyze KBrO3 oxidation reaction process, resulting in the ratiometric fluorescence quenching of dual-emission silica nanoparticles. We investigated several important parameters affecting the performance of the nanosensor. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of this nanosensor reached 1.1ngmL-1 and the linear range from 10 to 800ngmL-1. Furthermore, we found that the sensor was suitable for determination of V(V) in different mineral water samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiuming Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Guo Qiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
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146
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Guo H, You B, Zhao S, Wang Y, Sun G, Bai Y, Shi L. Full-color tunable photoluminescent carbon dots based on oil/water interfacial synthesis and their applications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24002-24012. [PMID: 35540264 PMCID: PMC9081703 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03723j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we developed a facile method to produce high yield, full-color tunable photoluminescent (PL) carbon dots (CDs) at the oil/water interface. This unique synthesis method for CDs involved the use of the oil-soluble small molecule styrene as both the reactant and oil phase medium at low temperature (60 °C) through a catalytic-oxidation reaction in an aqueous system, which resulted in a high product yield (about 50 wt%). Interestingly, the hydroxy-rich CDs at the oil/water interface self-assembled into nanospheres (N-CDs) spontaneously via hydrogen-bond interactions in the presence of styrene droplets. Without any surface passivation, the N-CDs exhibited self-quenching-resistant and full-color tunable PL properties, which are highly desirable in the optoelectronic field. The mechanism of the formation of N-CDs and their emission is proposed for the first time, which provides insight into the possible chemical processes occurring during the preparation. These distinctive CDs have potential novel applications in PL coatings, smart wearable optoelectronic devices, light emitting diodes, full-color displays, and solar cells. Full-color tunable photoluminescent (PL) carbon dots (CDs) are fabricated through a one-step catalytic-oxidation process at the oil/water interface.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchong Guo
- Department of Materials Science and the Advanced Coatings Research Center of the China Educational Ministry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Bo You
- Department of Materials Science and the Advanced Coatings Research Center of the China Educational Ministry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Shuyan Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and the Advanced Coatings Research Center of the China Educational Ministry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Yihao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and the Advanced Coatings Research Center of the China Educational Ministry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Yujie Bai
- Department of Physics
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Physics
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- PR China
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147
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Green synthesis of highly fluorescent nitrogen – Doped carbon dots from Lantana camara berries for effective detection of lead(II) and bioimaging. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 178:330-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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148
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Xiang G, Ren Y, Zhang H, Fan H, Jiang X, He L, Zhao W. Carbon dots based dual-emission silica nanoparticles as ratiometric fluorescent probe for chromium speciation analysis in water samples. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple and effective strategy for designing a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor was described. A carbon dots (CDs) based dual-emission nanosensor for chromium speciation analysis was developed by coating CDs on the surface of dye-doped silica nanoparticles. The fluorescence of the resulting dual-emission silica nanoparticles was quenched in acetic acid through potassium bromate (KBrO3) oxidation. Cr(VI) was able to catalyze KBrO3 oxidation, resulting in ratiometric fluorescence accelerated quenching response of the dual-emission silica nanoparticles. Several important parameters affecting the nanosensor performance, including acid type, concentrations of KBrO3, and reaction temperature and time were examined. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of the nanosensor towards Cr(VI) reached 1.3 ng mL−1, and pretty good linearity was obtained between 20 to 500 ng mL−1. More importantly, the sensor was found suitable for speciation analysis of both Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in different water samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xiuming Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R. China
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149
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Xiang G, Fan H, Zhang H, He L, Jiang X, Zhao W. Carbon dot doped silica nanoparticles as fluorescent probe for determination of bromate in drinking water samples. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A simple and effective strategy for designing a fluorescent probe for bromate was described in this work. Organosilane modified carbon dots were prepared by pyrolysis of citric acid in N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl methyldimethoxysilane solvent at 230 °C and further doped onto silica nanoparticles by a silylation reaction. The fluorescence of carbon dot doped silica nanoparticles was quenched by bromate in acidic medium. By utilizing this property, the nanoparticle could be used as a sensor to detect bromate. The parameters affecting the performance of the sensor probe such as types of acid medium, acid concentration, reaction temperature, and time were investigated and optimized. The detection limit of the sensor was found to be 1.1 ng mL−1, with a linear range from 8 to 400 ng mL−1 and relative standard deviation of 2.0% (150 ng mL−1, n = 9). The method was successfully applied to the determination of bromate in drinking water samples, and the recoveries were in the range of 96.3%–103.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
| | - Xiuming Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hennan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, P.R China
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150
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Amiri S, Ahmadi R, Salimi A, Navaee A, Hamd Qaddare S, Amini MK. Ultrasensitive and highly selective FRET aptasensor for Hg2+ measurement in fish samples using carbon dots/AuNPs as donor/acceptor platform. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy was proposed for the determination of Hg2+ in water, foods, and living organisms based on the quenching and recovery of the fluorescence of CDs-ssDNA through the FRET process induced by AuNPs-cDNA. The results showed a wide response range, pM detection limit, and high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shole Amiri
- Research Center for Nanotechnology
- University of Kurdistan
- Sanandaj
- Iran
| | - Rezgar Ahmadi
- Research Center for Nanotechnology
- University of Kurdistan
- Sanandaj
- Iran
| | - Abdollah Salimi
- Research Center for Nanotechnology
- University of Kurdistan
- Sanandaj
- Iran
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Aso Navaee
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kurdistan
- Sanandaj 66177-15175
- Iran
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