101
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Machado TF, Santos FA, Pereira RFP, de Zea Bermudez V, Valente AJM, Serra MES, Murtinho D. β-Ketoenamine Covalent Organic Frameworks—Effects of Functionalization on Pollutant Adsorption. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153096. [PMID: 35956612 PMCID: PMC9370968 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Water pollution due to global economic activity is one of the greatest environmental concerns, and many efforts are currently being made toward developing materials capable of selectively and efficiently removing pollutants and contaminants. A series of β-ketoenamine covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been synthesized, by reacting 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (TFP) with different C2-functionalized and nonfunctionalized diamines, in order to evaluate the influence of wall functionalization and pore size on the adsorption capacity toward dye and heavy metal pollutants. The obtained COFs were characterized by different techniques. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB), which was used as a model for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals and dyes, was initially evaluated. Adsorption studies showed that –NO2 and –SO3H functional groups were favorable for MB adsorption, with TpBd(SO3H)2-COF [100%], prepared between TFP and 4,4′-diamine- [1,1′-biphenyl]-2,2′-disulfonic acid, achieving the highest adsorption capacity (166 ± 13 mg g−1). The adsorption of anionic pollutants was less effective and decreased, in general, with the increase in –SO3H and –NO2 group content. The effect of ionic interactions on the COF performance was further assessed by carrying out adsorption experiments involving metal ions. Isotherms showed that nonfunctionalized and functionalized COFs were better described by the Langmuir and Freundlich sorption models, respectively, confirming the influence of functionalization on surface heterogeneity. Sorption kinetics experiments were better adjusted according to a second-order rate equation, confirming the existence of surface chemical interactions in the adsorption process. These results confirm the influence of selective COF functionalization on adsorption processes and the role of functional groups on the adsorption selectivity, thus clearly demonstrating the potential of this new class of materials in the efficient and selective capture and removal of pollutants in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Machado
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.M.); (F.A.S.); (M.E.S.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Filipa A. Santos
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.M.); (F.A.S.); (M.E.S.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Rui F. P. Pereira
- Chemistry Department and Chemistry Center, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Verónica de Zea Bermudez
- Chemistry Department and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Artur J. M. Valente
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.M.); (F.A.S.); (M.E.S.S.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-966047336
| | - M. Elisa Silva Serra
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.M.); (F.A.S.); (M.E.S.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Dina Murtinho
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.F.M.); (F.A.S.); (M.E.S.S.); (D.M.)
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102
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Liu F, He Y, Liu X, Wang Z, Liu HL, Zhu X, Hou CC, Weng Y, Zhang Q, Chen Y. Regulating Excitonic Effects in Covalent Organic Frameworks to Promote Free Charge Carrier Generation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan He
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics & CAS, Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Chao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics & CAS, Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qianfan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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103
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Qian Y, Li J, Ji M, Li J, Ma D, Liu A, Zhao Y, Yang C. Fluorescent Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Promising Material Platform for Explosive Sensing. Front Chem 2022; 10:943813. [PMID: 35910724 PMCID: PMC9334568 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.943813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a novel class of porous crystalline organic materials with organic small molecule units connected by strong covalent bonds and extending in two- or three-dimension in an ordered mode. The tunability, porosity, and crystallinity have endowed covalent organic frameworks the capability of multi-faceted functionality. Introduction of fluorophores into their backbones or side-chains creates emissive covalent organic frameworks. Compared with common fluorescent organic solid materials, COFs possess several intrinsic advantages being as a type of irreplaceable fluorescence materials mainly because its highly developed pore structures can accommodate various types of guest analytes by specific or non-specific chemical bonding and non-bonding interaction. Developments in fluorescent COFs have provided opportunities to enhance sensing performance. Moreover, due to its inherent rigidified structures and fixed conformations, the intramolecular rotation, vibration, and motion occurred in common organic small molecules, and organic solid systems can be greatly inhibited. This inhibition decreases the decay of excited-state energy as heat and blocks the non-radiative quenching channel. Thus, fluorescent COFs can be designed, synthesized, and precisely tuned to exhibit optimal luminescence properties in comparison with common homogeneous dissolved organic small molecule dyes and can even compete with the currently mainstream organic solid semiconductor-based luminescence materials. This mini-review discusses the major design principle and the state-of-the-art paragon examples of fluorescent COFs and their typical applications in the detection and monitoring of some key explosive chemicals by fluorescence analysis. The challenges and the future direction of fluorescent COFs are also covered in detail in the concluding section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Qian
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiani Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Ji
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jundan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongge Ma
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongge Ma,
| | - Anan Liu
- Basic Experimental Centre for Natural Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yubao Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
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104
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Sasmal HS, Kumar Mahato A, Majumder P, Banerjee R. Landscaping Covalent Organic Framework Nanomorphologies. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11482-11498. [PMID: 35754375 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The practical utilization of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with manipulation at the atomic and molecular scale often demands their assembly on the nano-, meso-, and macroscale with precise control. Consequently, synthetic approaches that establish the ability to control the nucleation and growth of COF crystallites and their self-assembly to desired COF nanomorphologies have drawn substantial attention from researchers. On the basis of the dimensionality of the COF morphologies, we can categorize them into zero- (0-D), one- (1-D), two- (2-D), and three-dimensional (3-D) nanomorphologies. In this perspective, we summarize the reported synthetic strategies that enable precise control of the COF nanomorphologies' size, shape, and dimensionality and reveal the impact of the dimensionalities in their physicochemical properties and applications. The aim is to establish a synergistic optimization of the morphological dimensionality while keeping the micro- or mesoporosity, crystallinity, and chemical functionalities of the COFs in perspective. A detailed knowledge along the way should help us to enrich the performance of COFs in a variety of applications like catalysis, separation, sensing, drug delivery, energy storage, etc. We have discussed the interlinking between the COF nanomorphologies via the transmutation of the dimensionalities. Such dimensionality transmutation could lead to variation in their properties during the transition. Finally, the concept of constructing COF superstructures through the combination of two or more COF nanomorphologies has been explored, and it could bring up opportunities for developing next-generation innovative materials for multidisciplinary applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Mahato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Poulami Majumder
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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105
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Zhang Z, Lu J, Yang K, Cao J, Zhao Y, Ge K, Wang S, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y. DhaTph Tubes and DhaTph‐Cu Tubes with Hollow Tubular Structure and Their Photocatalytic Reduction of CO
2. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Jie Lu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Purification Equipment Research Institute of CSIC Handan 056027 China
| | - Jiayu Cao
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Kai Ge
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
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106
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Reduced deactivation of mechanochemically delaminated hierarchical zeolite MCM-22 catalysts during 4-propylphenol cracking. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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107
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Xing XL, He ZC, Ahmed SA, Liao Q, Guo LR, Ren S, Xi K, Ji LN, Wang K, Xia XH. High Spatial Resolution of Ultrathin Covalent Organic Framework Nanopores for Single-Molecule DNA Sensing. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9851-9855. [PMID: 35758157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrathin nanosheets of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks covered a quartz nanopipette and then acted as a nanopore device for single-molecule DNA sensing. Our results showed that a single DNA homopolymer as short as 6 bases could be detected. The dwell times of 30-mer DNA homopolymers were obviously longer than the times of 10- or 6-mer ones. For different bases, poly(dA)6 showed the slowest transport speed (∼595 μs/base) compared with cytosine (∼355 μs/base) in poly(dC)6 and thymine (∼220 μs/base) in poly(dT)6. Such translocation speeds are the slowest ever reported in two-dimensional material-based nanopores. Poly(dA)6 also showed the biggest current blockade (94.74 pA) compared with poly(dC)6 (79.54 pA) and poly(dT)6 (71.41 pA). However, the present difference in blockade current was not big enough to distinguish the four DNA bases. Our study exhibits the shortest single DNA molecules that can be detected by COF nanopores at the present stage and lights the way for DNA sequencing based on solid-state nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zi-Chuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiaobo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin-Ru Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shibin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Kai Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li-Na Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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108
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Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs). SENSORS 2022; 22:s22134758. [PMID: 35808255 PMCID: PMC9268951 DOI: 10.3390/s22134758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are defined as crystalline organic polymers with programmable topological architectures using properly predesigned building blocks precursors. Since the development of the first COF in 2005, many works are emerging using this kind of material for different applications, such as the development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. COF shows superb characteristics, such as tuneable pore size and structure, permanent porosity, high surface area, thermal stability, and low density. Apart from these special properties, COF’s electrochemical behaviour can be modulated using electroactive building blocks. Furthermore, the great variety of functional groups that can be inserted in their structures makes them interesting materials to be conjugated with biological recognition elements, such as antibodies, enzymes, DNA probe, aptamer, etc. Moreover, the possibility of linking them with other special nanomaterials opens a wide range of possibilities to develop new electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
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109
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Yang R, Liu S, Sun Q, Liao Q, Xi K, Su B. Potential Difference-Modulated Synthesis of Self-Standing Covalent Organic Framework Membranes at Liquid/Liquid Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11778-11787. [PMID: 35730986 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes with tailored functionalities hold great promise in diverse applications, but the key to realize their full advantages of highly ordered pore structures is the development of membrane fabrication approaches. In this work, we report a potential difference-modulated biphasic strategy to fabricate large-area, self-standing COF membranes under ambient conditions. The fabrication was conducted at the polarized water/1,2-dichloroethane (water/DCE) interface, where HCl was dissolved in water as a catalyst and monomers (both amine and aldehyde) were added to DCE. The external polarization of the water/DCE interface by cyclic voltammetry can continuously pump H+ from water to DCE to boost the Schiff base reaction of monomers and the growth of COF membranes. Moreover, the growth process can be real-time-monitored by interfacial double-layer capacitance measurement, and the permeability of COF membranes can be in situ-examined by heterogeneous ion transfer voltammetry. Given that the potential difference across the water/DCE interface can be also facilely modulated by dissolving proper electrolyte ions in two phases, the fabrication of large-area COF membranes is made possible in beakers. Using this strategy and different monomers, three types of centimeter-scale, free-standing COF membranes with tunable pore size and surface functionality were prepared, and their defect-free structure was proved by the molecular permeance and ultrafiltration test. We believe that this biphasic strategy offers a controllable and scalable way to fabricate COF membranes and sheds light on development of novel self-supporting membranes with unique functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjie Yang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaobo Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kai Xi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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110
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Two-dimensional covalent organic framework nanosheets: Synthesis and energy-related applications. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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111
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Wei D, Zhang C, Pan A, Guo M, Lou C, Zhang J, Wang X, Wu H. Facile synthesis and evaluation of three magnetic 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol based covalent organic polymers as adsorbents for high efficient extraction of phthalate esters from plastic packaged foods. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100346. [PMID: 35663596 PMCID: PMC9160344 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile synthetic route for synthesis of three magnetic Tp-based COPs adsorbents was provided. Magnetic COP2 showed best extraction performance for PAEs. The potential adsorption mechanism was systematically investigated. This method was suitable for high efficient extraction of hydrophobic PAEs from foods.
Three covalent organic polymers (COPs) were successfully fabricated by room-temperature solvent-free mechanochemical grinding method between 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (TP) and p-phenyl enediamine (COP1), benzidine (COP2), 4, 4″-diamino-p-terphenyl (COP3), and followed by coprecipitation on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form three corresponding magnetic Tp-series COPs. The fabricated magnetic COPs were evaluated and then applied for the extraction of phthalate esters from food samples before gas chromatography-tandem spectrometry analysis. Magnetic COP2 exhibited the highest extraction efficiency, which can be attributed to its larger pore size, and its strong hydrophobic and π-π interactions with phthalate esters. The method possessed good linearity (10–1000 μg·kg−1), high sensitivity (0.29–2.59 µg·kg−1 for LODs and 0.97–8.63 µg·kg−1 for LOQs), and satisfactory recoveries (70.2–108.1%) with relative standard deviations lower than 5.2%. This method has potentials for high efficient separation/preconcentration of hydrophobic phthalate esters from foods.
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112
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A visual chiroptical system with chiral assembly graphene quantum dots for D-phenylalanine detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4885-4896. [PMID: 35562570 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental phenomenon of nature, and the enantioselective recognition of amino acids isomers is especially important for life science. In this study, chiroptical system based on chiral assembly graphene quantum dots (GQDs) was developed for visual testing of D-phenylalanine (D-Phe). Here, GQDs were used as the fluorescent element, and chiral functional moieties of 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol-functionalized chiral ( +)-diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride (TPTA) were used as the chiral recognition elements. Based on the formed chiral microenvironment, the fluorescence intensity of TPTA-assembled GQDs had a good linear relationship with D-Phe in the concentration range of 0.1-5 μM, and the detection limit was 0.023 μM. According to the variation in luminance of TPTA-assembled GQDs, visual testing to D-Phe was realized using a smartphone-assisted chiroptical system with a detection limit of 0.050 μM. The spiked recoveries of both chiroptical sensing methods based on TPTA-assembled GQDs from the food matrix ranged from 86.20 to 110.0%. Furthermore, TPTA-assembled GQDs were successfully applied to intracellular chiroptical imaging in response to D-Phe in vitro. The developed chiral nanomaterial TPTA-assembled GQDs with excellent photochemical stability, optical properties, and bioimaging capabilities provide a promising technique for the visual detection of amino acid isomers in the field of smart devices.
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113
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114
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Tian C, Wu Z, He M, Chen B, Hu B. Amino functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework for magnetic solid-phase extraction of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples from tobacco land. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1746-1756. [PMID: 35218314 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An amino-functionalized magnetic covalent organic framework composite TpBD-(NH2 )2 @Fe3 O4 (Tp=Tp1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol, BD-(NH2 )2 is 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetramine) was prepared by post-synthesis modification. Due to its abundant benzene rings and amino groups, large specific surface area and porous structure, the prepared TpBD-(NH2 )2 @Fe3 O4 exhibits high extraction efficiency toward sulfonylurea herbicides. Based on this, a new method of magnetic solid-phase extraction with TpBD-(NH2 )2 @Fe3 O4 as the sorbent combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection was developed for trace analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water, soil and tobacco leaves samples from tobacco land. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection within 0.05-0.14 μg/L were achieved with a high enrichment factor of 217-260-fold, and the relative standard deviations were 4.9-7.5% (n = 7, c = 0.5 μg/L). The linear range was around three orders of magnitude with the square of correlation coefficient higher than 0.9936. The method was applied to analyze five sulfonylurea herbicides in the environmental water, soil, and tobacco leave samples collected from tobacco land. No sulfonylurea herbicides were detected in these samples. The recoveries of target sulfonylurea herbicides in spiked environmental water, soil, and tobacco leaf samples were found in the range of 90.7-104, 70.7-99.0, and 59.3-97.8%, respectively. The results illustrate that the established TpBD-(NH2 )2 @Fe3 O4 -magnetic solid-phase extraction- high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method is efficient for the analysis of trace sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tian
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhekuan Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430040, P. R. China
| | - Man He
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Beibei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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115
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Covalent organic frameworks with high quantum efficiency in sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2357. [PMID: 35487901 PMCID: PMC9054748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic semiconductors offer a tunable platform for photocatalysis, yet the more difficult exciton dissociation, compared to that in inorganic semiconductors, lowers their photocatalytic activities. In this work, we report that the charge carrier lifetime is dramatically prolonged by incorporating a suitable donor-acceptor (β-ketene-cyano) pair into a covalent organic framework nanosheet. These nanosheets show an apparent quantum efficiency up to 82.6% at 450 nm using platinum as co-catalyst for photocatalytic H2 evolution. Charge carrier kinetic analysis and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy characterizations verify that these modified covalent organic framework nanosheets have intrinsically lower exciton binding energies and longer-lived charge carriers than the corresponding nanosheets without the donor-acceptor unit. This work provides a model for gaining insight into the nature of short-lived active species in polymeric organic photocatalysts.
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Wang J, Yin D, Guo X, Luo Z, Tao L, Ren J, Zhang Y. Fabrication of a Covalent Organic Framework-Based Heterojunction via Coupling with ZnAgInS Nanosphere with High Photocatalytic Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4680-4691. [PMID: 35394281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit visible-light activity for the degradation of organic pollutants. However, the recombination rates of their photoinduced electron-hole pairs are relatively high, limiting their practical application. In this work, we fabricated a 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and p-phenylenediamine (Pa-1) (TpPa-1) COF-based heterojunction through coupling the TpPa-1 COF with a ZnAgInS nanosphere via a facile oil bath heating method. The results show that the prepared heterojunction exhibits outstanding catalytic activity for the degradation of high concentrations the antibiotic tetracycline (TC) and the dye rhodamine B (RhB), which is driven by simulated sunlight. Its degradation rates for RhB and TC were 30× and 18× higher than that of the pure TpPa-1 COF, respectively. The greatly enhanced photocatalytic performances can be ascribed to the formed heterojunction with good band-gap match, which promotes the migration and separation of light-induced electrons and holes and increases both light absorbance and the specific surface area. This study introduces an effective and feasible strategy for improving the photocatalytic performances of COFs via subtly integrating TpPa-1 COFs with a ZnAgInS nanosphere into an organic-inorganic hybrid. The results of the photocatalytic experiments indicate that the fabricated hybrid has a potential application in the highly efficient removal of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dongguang Yin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiandi Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhaoyue Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Liyue Tao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junjie Ren
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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117
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Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are distinguished from other organic polymers by their crystallinity1-3, but it remains challenging to obtain robust, highly crystalline COFs because the framework-forming reactions are poorly reversible4,5. More reversible chemistry can improve crystallinity6-9, but this typically yields COFs with poor physicochemical stability and limited application scope5. Here we report a general and scalable protocol to prepare robust, highly crystalline imine COFs, based on an unexpected framework reconstruction. In contrast to standard approaches in which monomers are initially randomly aligned, our method involves the pre-organization of monomers using a reversible and removable covalent tether, followed by confined polymerization. This reconstruction route produces reconstructed COFs with greatly enhanced crystallinity and much higher porosity by means of a simple vacuum-free synthetic procedure. The increased crystallinity in the reconstructed COFs improves charge carrier transport, leading to sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rates of up to 27.98 mmol h-1 g-1. This nanoconfinement-assisted reconstruction strategy is a step towards programming function in organic materials through atomistic structural control.
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118
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Shen X, Zhang J, Jiang H, Du Y, Chen R. Hierarchical Pd@PC-COFs as Efficient Catalysts for Phenol Hydrogenation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c05009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiuxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Rizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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119
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Wang L, Xu C, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Zhao M, Zeng C, Jiang Q, Gu C, Ma Y. Electrocleavage Synthesis of Solution-Processed, Imine-Linked, and Crystalline Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8961-8968. [PMID: 35380822 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Developing a general, facile, and direct strategy for synthesizing thin films of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a major challenge in this field. Herein, we report an unprecedented electrocleavage synthesis strategy to produce imine-linked COF films directly on electrodes from electrolyte solutions at room temperature. This strategy enables the cathodic exfoliation of the COF powders to nanosheets by electrochemical reduction and protonation, followed by nanosheets migrating to the anode and reproducing the COF structures by anodic oxidation. Our method is adaptable with most imine-linked COFs by virtue of the low redox potential of the imine bonds, whereas the COF films possess high crystallinity and hierarchical porosity. We highlight these COF films as a superb platform for promoting mass transfer by demonstrating their extraordinarily rapid iodine adsorption with record-high rate constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Changwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qinglei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Manlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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120
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Krusenbaum A, Grätz S, Tigineh GT, Borchardt L, Kim JG. The mechanochemical synthesis of polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2873-2905. [PMID: 35302564 PMCID: PMC8978534 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry - the utilization of mechanical forces to induce chemical reactions - is a rarely considered tool for polymer synthesis. It offers numerous advantages such as reduced solvent consumption, accessibility of novel structures, and the avoidance of problems posed by low monomer solubility and fast precipitation. Consequently, the development of new high-performance materials based on mechanochemically synthesised polymers has drawn much interest, particularly from the perspective of green chemistry. This review covers the constructive mechanochemical synthesis of polymers, starting from early examples and progressing to the current state of the art while emphasising linear and porous polymers as well as post-polymerisation modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Krusenbaum
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sven Grätz
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Getinet Tamiru Tigineh
- Department of Chemistry, Bahir Dar University, Peda Street 07, PO Box 79, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Jeung Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeon-Ju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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121
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Interfacial polymerization of a covalent organic framework layer on titanium dioxide@graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile mixed-matrix membranes for high-performance dye separation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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122
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Yang C, Wu J, Hu W. 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks: From Synthetic Strategies to Advanced Optical-Electrical-Magnetic Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102290. [PMID: 35052010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), an emerging class of organic crystalline polymers with highly oriented structures and permanent porosity, can adopt 2D or 3D architectures depending on the different topological diagrams of the monomers. Notably, 2D COFs have particularly gained much attention due to the extraordinary merits of their extended in-plane π-conjugation and topologically ordered columnar π-arrays. These properties together with high crystallinity, large surface area, and tunable porosity distinguish 2D COFs as an ideal candidate for the fabrication of functional materials. Herein, this review surveys the recent research advances in 2D COFs with special emphasis on the preparation of 2D COF powders, single crystals, and thin films, as well as their advanced optical, electrical, and magnetic functionalities. Some challenging issues and potential research outlook for 2D COFs are also provided for promoting their development in terms of structure, synthesis, and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Wang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chenhuai Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wenping Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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123
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Chen H, Gu ZG, Zhang J. Chiral-Induced Ultrathin Covalent Organic Frameworks Nanosheets with Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7245-7252. [PMID: 35363488 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is still challenging. Here we first reported ultrathin COFs nanosheets (NS) based CPL materials using a chiral induced-synthesis strategy. Chiral amines served as chiral inducers to give COF TpBpy with chirality and participated in the modification of TpBpy, inhibiting the fluorescence quenching caused by π-π stacking to form ultrathin luminescent chiral COFs (chirCOFs) NS. The obtained chirCOFs R-/S-TpBpy NS had strong chirality and intense red CPL property with a |glum| of ∼0.02. Afterward, the carboxyl containing green and blue fluorescent dye molecules were postmodified onto the chirCOFs NS (chirCOFs/Dyes) to achieve color-adjustable CPL. Due to the chirality and energy transfer between chirCOFs and dye groups, the obtained chirCOFs/Dyes showed strong chirality and increased and tunable photoluminescence, exhibiting excellent, tunable, and amplified CPL performance with a maximum |glum| of ∼0.1, which was ∼5 times stronger than that of as-prepared chirCOFs NS. Moreover, the corresponding chirCOFs NS were dispersed into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to form wafer size, highly transparent, and flexible COFs/PDMS films for practical CPL application. This study opens a new strategy to prepare ultrathin chirCOFs NS with strong and tunable CPL by chiral induction and provides a new approach for the preparation of transparent, large size, and flexible COFs composite films in chiral optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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124
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Alves Fávaro M, Ditz D, Yang J, Bergwinkl S, Ghosh AC, Stammler M, Lorentz C, Roeser J, Quadrelli EA, Thomas A, Palkovits R, Canivet J, Wisser FM. Finding the Sweet Spot of Photocatalysis─A Case Study Using Bipyridine-Based CTFs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14182-14192. [PMID: 35293203 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are a class of porous organic polymers that continuously attract growing interest because of their outstanding chemical and physical properties. However, the control of extended porous organic framework structures at the molecular scale for a precise adjustment of their properties has hardly been achieved so far. Here, we present a series of bipyridine-based CTFs synthesized through polycondensation, in which the sequence of specific building blocks is well controlled. The reported synthetic strategy allows us to tailor the physicochemical features of the CTF materials, including the nitrogen content, the apparent specific surface area, and optoelectronic properties. Based on a comprehensive analytical investigation, we demonstrate a direct correlation of the CTF bipyridine content with the material features such as the specific surface area, band gap, charge separation, and surface wettability with water. The entirety of these parameters dictates the catalytic activity as demonstrated for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The material with the optimal balance between optoelectronic properties and highest hydrophilicity enables HER production rates of up to 7.2 mmol/(h·g) under visible light irradiation and in the presence of a platinum cocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Alves Fávaro
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Ditz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jin Yang
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bergwinkl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ashta C Ghosh
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Michael Stammler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Chantal Lorentz
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Roeser
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Arne Thomas
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jérôme Canivet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Florian M Wisser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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125
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Wang F, Zhang Z, Shakir I, Yu C, Xu Y. 2D Polymer Nanosheets for Membrane Separation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103814. [PMID: 35084113 PMCID: PMC8922124 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of single-layer graphene in 2004, the family of 2D inorganic nanosheets is considered as ideal membrane materials due to their ultrathin atomic thickness and fascinating physicochemical properties. However, the intrinsically nonporous feature of 2D inorganic nanosheets hinders their potential to achieve a higher flux to some extent. Recently, 2D polymer nanosheets, originated from the regular and periodic covalent connection of the building units in 2D plane, have emerged as promising candidates for preparing ultrafast and highly selective membranes owing to their inherently tunable and ordered pore structure, light weight, and high specific surface. In this review, the synthetic methodologies (including top-down and bottom-up methods) of 2D polymer nanosheets are first introduced, followed by the summary of 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane fabrication as well as membrane applications in the fields of gas separation, water purification, organic solvent separation, and ion exchange/transport in fuel cells and lithium-sulfur batteries. Finally, based on their current achievements, the authors' personal insights are put forward into the existing challenges and future research directions of 2D polymer nanosheets for membrane separation. The authors believe this comprehensive review on 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane separation will definitely inspire more studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Imran Shakir
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Sustainable Energy Technologies CenterCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
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126
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Yang YL, Wang YR, Gao GK, Liu M, Miao C, Li LY, Cheng W, Zhao ZY, Chen Y, Xin Z, Li SL, Li DS, Lan YQ. Self-assembly of single metal sites embedded covalent organic frameworks into multi-dimensional nanostructures for efficient CO2 electroreduction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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127
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Sun W, Hu X, Xiang Y, Ye N. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of sulfonamides on controllably synthesized covalent organic frameworks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18680-18688. [PMID: 34697714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, four kinds of covalent organic framework (COF) materials (TpPa-1, TpBD, TpDT, and TFBBD) with different pore sizes or functional groups were synthesized by an ultrasonic method for the adsorption of five sulfonamides. Optimization experiments regarding the adsorption time, vortex speed, and pH were carried out to improve adsorption efficiency. In addition, kinetic and thermodynamic experiments were conducted to explore the adsorption mechanism of the sulfonamides on the different COFs. The adsorption processes of the five sulfonamides on the four COFs fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Additionally, pore filling, hydrogen bond interactions, and electrostatic attraction were found to be the main adsorption mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
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128
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Immobilization poly(ionic liquid)s into hierarchical porous covalent organic frameworks as heterogeneous catalyst for cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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129
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Li X, Nomura K, Guedes A, Goto T, Sekino T, Fujitsuka M, Osakada Y. Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Porphyrin Nanodisks Prepared by Exfoliation of Metalloporphyrin-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7172-7178. [PMID: 35252707 PMCID: PMC8892472 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic polymers derived from covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have various applications, including photocatalysis. The synthesis of organic polymer materials from COFs to obtain higher activity for photocatalysis by changing the unit molecule has been investigated. The choice of the unit molecule is important to characterize the photochemical properties. Among various such unit molecules, porphyrins have attracted much attention as organic chromophores commonly used in photocatalytic reactions with COFs. Although COFs with various organic chromophores have been synthesized and attempts have been made to improve their photocatalytic activity, enhancing the photocatalytic activity by adjusting the layer thickness through exfoliation of COFs has yet to be fully studied. In the present study, the exfoliation of metalloporphyrin-based COFs with pyridine as the axial ligand and adjustment of the layer thickness were found to enhance the photocatalytic activity. Hydrogen generation and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine oxidation reactions were investigated as representative photocatalytic reactions, with the photocatalytic activity up to 7 times that of the original free-base porphyrin COFs. These results indicate that the different thicknesses synthesized by exfoliating COFs increased the photocatalytic effect of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxi Li
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kota Nomura
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Arnaud Guedes
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Goto
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute
for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka
University, 1-1 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tohru Sekino
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mamoru Fujitsuka
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yasuko Osakada
- SANKEN
(The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute
for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka
University, 1-1 Yamadagaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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130
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Su P, Li M, Li X, Yuan X, Gong Z, Wu L, Song J, Yang Y. Glutathione functionalized magnetic covalent organic frameworks with dual-hydrophilicity for highly efficient and selective enrichment of glycopeptides. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1667:462869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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131
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Shevate R, Shaffer DL. Large-Area 2D Covalent Organic Framework Membranes with Tunable Single-Digit Nanopores for Predictable Mass Transport. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2407-2418. [PMID: 35135189 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The potential of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for molecular separations remains unrealized because of challenges transforming nanoscale COF materials into large-area functional COF membranes. Herein, we report the synthesis of large-area (64 cm2), ultrathin (24 nm), β-ketoenamine-linked 2D COFs using a facile interfacial polymerization technique. Angstrom-level control over single-digit nanopore size (1.4-2.0 nm) is achieved by direct integration of variable-length monomers. We apply these techniques to fabricate a series of large-area 2D COF membranes with variable thicknesses, pore sizes, and supporting materials. Tunable 2D COF properties enable control over COF membrane mass transport, resulting in high solvent fluxes and sharp molecular weight cutoffs. For organic solvent nanofiltration, the 2D COF membranes demonstrate an order-of-magnitude greater permeance than the state-of-the-art commercial polymeric membrane. We apply continuum models to quantify the dominance of pore passage resistance to mass transport over pore entrance resistance. A strong linear correlation between single-digit nanopore tortuosity and 2D COF thickness enables solvent fluxes to be predicted directly from solvent viscosity and COF membrane properties. Solvent-nanopore interactions characterized by the membrane critical interfacial tension also appear to influence mass transport. The pore flow transport model is validated by predicting the flux of a 52 nm thick COF membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shevate
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Devin L Shaffer
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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132
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Zhang C, Yuan H, Lu Z, Li Y, Zhao L, Zhang Z, Li G. β
‐ketoenamine‐linked covalent organic framework absorbent for online micro‐solid phase extraction of trace levels bisphenols in plastic samples. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1493-1501. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongmei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Zeyi Lu
- School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Yuhuang Li
- School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Lirong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
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133
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Kumar S, Abdulhamid MA, Dinga Wonanke AD, Addicoat MA, Szekely G. Norbornane-based covalent organic frameworks for gas separation. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2475-2481. [PMID: 35103279 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07593d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a new class of crystalline porous materials with distinct structural features, such as uniform pore distribution, tunable architecture, and modifiable skeletons. COFs hold significant promise for application in gas separation because of their high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and narrow pore-size distribution, which enable selective separation. The porosity and separation performance of COFs have been finely tuned by structurally modifying the starting materials. Along this direction, for the first time, we prepared W-shaped diamines by catalytic arene-norbornene annulation (CANAL) and then treated them with trialdehyde (Tp) to synthesize novel β-ketoenamine-linked norbornane-based COFs, i.e., ND-COF-1 and ND-COF-2, via a solvothermal Schiff-base condensation approach. The pore interior was decorated with methyl groups attached to the norbornane unit of the COF skeleton. Both COFs exhibited high chemical stability in different organic solvents and acidic media. Additionally, they showed high CO2/N2 selectivity compared with those of previously reported COFs. Moreover, their CH4/N2 separation efficiency was investigated, and the results revealed that ND-COF-1 is more selective than ND-COF-2, which could be attributed to the less hindered pathway offered to methane gas molecules by the framework pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud A Abdulhamid
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - A D Dinga Wonanke
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Matthew A Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gyorgy Szekely
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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134
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Sheng F, Li X, Li Y, Afsar NU, Zhao Z, Ge L, Xu T. Cationic covalent organic framework membranes for efficient dye/salt separation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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135
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YUAN H, LU Z, LI Y, ZHANG C, LI G. Application of imine covalent organic frameworks in sample pretreatment. Se Pu 2022; 40:109-122. [PMID: 35080157 PMCID: PMC9404014 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2021.04029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
亚胺类共价有机骨架(I-COFs)是有机单体根据席夫碱(Schiff-base)反应原理缩合形成的一类新型多孔晶体有机材料。I-COFs具有骨架密度低、比表面积大、孔隙率高、单体种类丰富、孔径尺寸可控、结构可功能化、合成方法多样和物化稳定性好等优点。近年来,I-COFs已成为材料科学领域的研究前沿,并广泛用于气体吸附、存储、催化、传感、光电材料等方面。I-COFs材料优异的物理化学性能使其非常适于用作复杂样品中痕量目标物的分离富集介质,其高比表面积、高孔隙率性能赋予了它极高的吸附负载量,这些性能使得目标分析物可被高效富集;通过控制有机单体的链段长度、几何结构、掺杂元素、取代基团等方面精确调控I-COFs的孔洞结构和功能化基团,从而实现目标痕量物质的选择性富集。目前,I-COFs材料在样品前处理领域作为新型萃取介质已引起了极大关注。该文综述了近年来I-COFs材料的主要类型、合成方法及其在固相萃取、磁性固相萃取、分散固相萃取和固相微萃取方面的研究进展,同时展望了I-COFs在样品前处理领域的发展前景。
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136
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Hasija V, Patial S, Raizada P, Aslam Parwaz Khan A, Asiri AM, Van Le Q, Nguyen VH, Singh P. Covalent organic frameworks promoted single metal atom catalysis: Strategies and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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137
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138
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Gan SX, Jia C, Qi QY, Zhao X. A facile and scalable synthetic method for covalent organic nanosheets: ultrasonic polycondensation and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1009-1015. [PMID: 35211266 PMCID: PMC8790797 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05504f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic framework nanosheets (COF NSs or CONs), as compared to their bulk counterparts two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs), exhibit superior performance in many aspects due to their fully accessible active sites benefiting from their ultrathin porous 2D structures. The development of a scalable synthetic methodology for CONs is crucial to further exploration of their unique properties and practical applications. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to fabricate ultrathin CONs through direct polycondensation of monomers under ultrasonic treatment and mild conditions. This method is facile and scalable, which is demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis of two ultrathin 2D CONs in several hours. Moreover, the as-prepared ultrathin CONs show excellent heterogeneous photocatalytic performance for the degradation of organic pollutants (dyes as representatives), remarkably superior to the bulk COFs prepared from the corresponding monomers under solvothermal conditions. This research provides a new roadmap for the scalable and facile synthesis of ultrathin CONs, which is of paramount importance for fully exploring the tremendous potential of this emerging type of 2D material. We develop a strategy to efficiently fabricate ultrathin covalent organic framework nanosheets (CONs) through direct polycondensation of monomers under ultrasonic treatment. The CONs exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of organic pollutants.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xian Gan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qiao-Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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139
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Wang Z, Xiong W, Huang Z, Qin G, Zi M, Yuan L. Chiral derivatives of covalent organic framework TpBD (NH
2
)
2
used as stationary phases in gas chromatography. Chirality 2022; 34:462-472. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | - Wan‐Qi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | - Zhi‐Feng Huang
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | - Gai‐Zhao Qin
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | - Min Zi
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
| | - Li‐Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China
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140
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Zhou S, Meng T, Hu D, Zhu Y, Huang C, Song M, Gao S, Zhang G. Characteristic Synthesis of a Covalent Organic Framework and Its Application in Multifunctional Tumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:59-81. [PMID: 35014823 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For decades, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted wide biomedical interest due to their unique properties including ease of synthesis, porosity, and adjustable biocompatibility. Versatile COFs can easily encapsulate various therapeutic drugs due to their extremely high payload and porosity. COFs with abundant functional groups can be surface-modified to achieve active targeting and enhance biocompatibility. In this paper, the latest developments of COFs in the biomedical field are summarized. First, the classification and synthesis of COFs are discussed. Cancer diagnosis and treatment based on COFs are studied, and the advantages and limitations of each method are discussed. Second, the specific preparation methods to obtain specific therapeutic properties are summarized. Finally, based on the combination and modification of COFs with various components, this review system summarizes different combination therapies. In addition, the main challenges faced in COF research and prospects for applying COFs to cancer diagnosis and treatment are evaluated. This review provides enlightening insights into the interdisciplinary research on COFs and applications in biomedicine, which highlight the great expectations for their further clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Danyou Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuheng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chenguang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Guiyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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141
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Hu L, Zhu X, Yang C, Liu M. Two‐Dimensional Chiral Polyrotaxane Monolayer with Emergent and Steerable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | | | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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142
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Guo R, Liu Y, Huo Y, Zhang A, Hong J, Ai Y. Chelating effect between uranyl and pyridine N containing covalent organic frameworks: A combined experimental and DFT approach. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:1617-1626. [PMID: 34500163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising adsorbents for removing heavy metal ions, and have high crystallinity, a porous structure, and conjugated stability. N-containing functional groups are known to have great affinity for uranyl ions. In this work, to explore the peculiarity of the pyridine N structure as an efficient adsorbent, we chose 2,2'-dipyridine-5,5'-diamine (Bpy) and pyridine-2,5'-diamine (Py) as the core skeletons, and 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) as the linker to synthesize two crystalline and stable N-containing COFs named TpBpy and TpPy, respectively, through a facile solvothermal method. Characterization results demonstrated that TpBpy and TpPy possessed regularly growing pore sizes, large specific surface areas and relatively strong thermal resistances. The results of batch experiments showed that both COF materials were capable of the effective removal of uranyl with uptake capacities of 115.45 mg g-1 and 291.79 mg g-1, respectively. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) simulations highlighted the beneficial chelation effect of the double N structure in pyridine monomers for removing uranyl ions. Combining systematic experimental and theoretical analyses, the adsorption process and interaction mode of porous COFs and UO22+ were revealed, to provide predictable support for the application of pyridine N-containing COFs in the field of environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxuan Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yingzhong Huo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Anrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Jiahui Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yuejie Ai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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143
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Miller KA, Alemany LB, Roy S, Yan Q, Demingos PG, Singh CV, Alahakoon S, Egap E, Thomas EL, Ajayan PM. High-Strength, Microporous, Two-Dimensional Polymer Thin Films with Rigid Benzoxazole Linkage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1861-1873. [PMID: 34978172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) rigid polymers provide an opportunity to translate the high-strength, high-modulus mechanical performance of classic rigid-rod 1D polymers across a plane by extending covalent bonding into two dimensions while simultaneously reducing density due to microporosity by structural design. Thus far, this potential has remained elusive because of the challenge of producing high-quality 2D polymer thin films, particularly those with irreversible, rigid benzazole linkages. Here, we present a facile two-step process that allows the deposition of a uniform intermediate film network via reversible, non-covalent interactions, followed by a subsequent solid-state annealing step that facilitates the irreversible conversion to a 2D covalently bonded polymer product with benzoxazole linkages. We demonstrate the versatility of this synthesis method by producing films with four different aromatic core units. The resulting films show microporosity and anisotropy with a 2D layered structure that can be exfoliated into few-layer nanosheets using a freeze-thaw method. These films have promising mechanical properties with an in-plane ultimate tensile strength of nearly 40 MPa and axial tensile and transverse compressive elastic moduli on the scale of several GPa, rivaling the performance of solution-cast films of 1D polybenzoxazole, as well as several other 1D high-strength polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Lawrence B Alemany
- Department of Chemistry and Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qianqian Yan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pedro Guerra Demingos
- Department wof Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Chandra Veer Singh
- Department wof Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Sampath Alahakoon
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Eilaf Egap
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Edwin L Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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144
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Shang S, Liu Y, Liu M, Bai Y, Wang X, Wu B, Chen J, Dong J, Liu Y. Studying the adsorption mechanisms of nanoplastics on covalent organic frameworks via molecular dynamics simulations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126796. [PMID: 34388925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with well-defined supramolecular structures and high surface-area-to-volume ratio have received extensive attention on their adsorption of contaminants from micro- to nano-size. Here, we studied the adsorption mechanisms of three typical nanoplastics (NP), including polyethylene (PE), nylon-6 (PA 6), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on chemically stable COFs (TpPa-X, X = H, CH3, OH, NO2 and F) by molecular dynamics simulations. Depending on molecular structure and surface composition, two distinct interactions-electrostatic interaction and van der Waals (vdW) interaction-are identified to be responsible for the adsorption of different NP pollutants on TpPa-X. The vdW interaction is dominant during the adsorption process, while polar groups in polymers and COFs can enhance the adsorption because of the electrostatic interaction. Compared with other functional COFs, we found that TpPa-OH shows the strongest adsorption with the NP pollutants employed in this study. This work reveals the COF-polymer adsorption behavior and properties at atomic scale, which is crucial to the development of promising COF materials to deal with NP pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengcong Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Youxing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yichao Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianyi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Jichen Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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145
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Liu G, Pan G, Dang Q, Li R, Li L, Yang C, Yu Y. Hollow Covalent Organic Framework Cages with Zn Ion‐Implantation Promoting Photocatalytic H2 Evolution. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Liu
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Guodong Pan
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Qiang Dang
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Li
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Liuyi Li
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering 2 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou Fuzhou CHINA
| | - Chengkai Yang
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yan Yu
- Fuzhou University College of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
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146
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Zhu Y, Xu P, Zhang X, Wu D. Emerging porous organic polymers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1377-1414. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00871d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes and discusses the recent progress in porous organic polymers for diverse biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biomacromolecule immobilization, phototherapy, biosensing, bioimaging, and antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Peiwen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Dingcai Wu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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147
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Gan J, Li X, Rizwan K, Adeel M, Bilal M, Rasheed T, Iqbal HMN. Covalent organic frameworks-based smart materials for mitigation of pharmaceutical pollutants from aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131710. [PMID: 34343918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emergent group of crystalline porous materials that have gained incredible interest in recent years. With foreseeable controllable functionalities and structural configurations, the constructions and catalytic properties of these organic polymeric materials can be controlled to fabricate targeted materials. The specified monomer linkers and pre-designed architecture of COFs facilitate the post-synthetic modifications for introducing novel functions and useful properties. By virtue of inherent porosity, robust framework, well-ordered geometry, functionality, higher stability, and amenability to functionalization, COFs and COFs-based composites are regarded as prospective nanomaterials for environmental clean-up and remediation. This report spotlights the state-of-the-art advances and progress in COFs-based materials to efficiently mitigate pharmaceutical-based environmental pollutants from aqueous solutions. Synthesis approaches, structure, functionalization, and sustainability aspects of COFs are discussed. Moreover, the adsorptive and photocatalytic potential of COFs and their derived nanocomposites for removal and degradation of pharmaceuticals are thoroughly vetted. In addition to deciphering adsorption mechanism/isotherms, the stability, regeneratability and reproducibility are also delineated. Lastly, the outcomes are summed up, and new directions are proposed to widen the promise of COF-based smart materials in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- JianSong Gan
- School of Food and Drug, Jiangsu Vocational College of Finance & Economics, Huaian, 223003, China; School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221094, China.
| | - XiaoBing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221094, China
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, iPRACS, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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148
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Chakrabortty P, Ghosh S, Das A, Khan A, Islam SM. Visible-light-driven sustainable conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol using a metal-free covalent organic framework as a recyclable photocatalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A 2D covalent organic framework (COF) was synthesized by copolymerization between 4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl) triazine (TAPT). This COF exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance for the CO2 reduction to methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekham Chakrabortty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Swarbhanu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Anjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sk. Manirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
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149
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Raptakis A, Croy A, Dianat A, Gutierrez R, Cuniberti G. Exploring the similarity of single-layer covalent organic frameworks using electronic structure calculations. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12283-12291. [PMID: 35480357 PMCID: PMC9027257 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01007k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting a similarity metric to classify COFs according to the degree of π-electron conjugation of their bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Raptakis
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Croy
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07737 Jena, Germany
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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150
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Sun Q, Niu H, Shi Y, Yang Y, Cai Y. Tuning the lattice parameters and porosity of 2D imine covalent organic frameworks by chemically integrating 4-aminobenzaldehyde as a bifunctional linker. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12875-12878. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05211c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
4-Aminobenzaldehyde can be used as a linker to construct a series of new COFs and can also tune the lattice parameters, crystallinity, and porosity of these COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hongyun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yali Shi
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yongliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqi Cai
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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