101
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Verma M, Newmai MB, Senthil Kumar P. Synergistic effect of Au–Ag nano-alloying: intense SEIRA and enhanced catalysis. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:9664-9677. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02130e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mild reducing agent, PVP, synergistically decreases the diffusion activation energy of the metal precursors, facilitating the formation of homogenous AuAg alloy nanohybrid system; their structure-property functional relationship and enhanced applications are duly established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Verma
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - M. Boazbou Newmai
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - P. Senthil Kumar
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
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102
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Zhou X, Gossage ZT, Simpson BH, Hui J, Barton ZJ, Rodríguez-López J. Electrochemical Imaging of Photoanodic Water Oxidation Enhancements on TiO 2 Thin Films Modified by Subsurface Aluminum Nanodimers. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9346-9352. [PMID: 27623233 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b04004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Detecting metal plasmonic enhancements on the activity of semiconducting photoanodes for water oxidation is often obscured by the inherent electroactivity and instability of the metal in electrolyte. Here, we show that thin TiO2 photoanodes modified by subsurface Al nanodimers (AlNDs) display enhancements that are consistent with plasmon modes. We directly observed enhancements by mapping the oxygen evolution rates on TiO2/AlND patterns using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) while exciting the surface plasmons of the nanodimers. This study highlights the importance of sample configuration for the in situ characterization of metal/photoanode interactions and suggests a route for Al-based plasmonics applied to photoelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zachary T Gossage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Burton H Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jingshu Hui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zachary J Barton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joaquín Rodríguez-López
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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103
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Yan L, Wang F, Meng S. Quantum Mode Selectivity of Plasmon-Induced Water Splitting on Gold Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2016; 10:5452-5458. [PMID: 27127849 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon induced water splitting is a promising research area with the potential for efficient conversion of solar to chemical energy, yet its atomic mechanism is not well understood. Here, ultrafast electron-nuclear dynamics of water splitting on gold nanoparticles upon exposure to femtosecond laser pulses was directly simulated using real time time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Strong correlation between laser intensity, hot electron transfer, and reaction rates has been identified. The rate of water splitting is dependent not only on respective optical absorption strength, but also on the quantum oscillation mode of plasmonic excitation. Odd modes are more efficient than even modes, owing to faster decaying into hot electrons whose energy matches well the antibonding orbital of water. This finding suggests photocatalytic activity can be manipulated by adjusting the energy level of plasmon-induced hot carriers, through altering the cluster size and laser parameter, to better overlap adsorbate unoccupied level in plasmon-assisted photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fangwei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100190, China
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104
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Long R, Guo M, Liu L, Fang W. Nonradiative Relaxation of Photoexcited Black Phosphorus Is Reduced by Stacking with MoS2: A Time Domain ab Initio Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1830-1835. [PMID: 27132486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) is an appealing material for applications in electronics and optoelectronics because of its tunable direct band gap and high charge carrier mobility. For real optoelectronic device utilization, nonradiative electron-hole recombination should be slow because it constitutes a major pathway for charge and energy losses. Using time-domain density functional theory combined with nonadiabatic (NA) molecular dynamics, we show that nonradiative electron-hole recombination occurs within several tens of picoseconds in bilayer BP, agreeing well with experimental data. When a single layer of BP is stacked with monolayer MoS2, the recombination is reduced because of the increased band gap and reduced electron-phonon NA coupling compared to bilayer BP. The slow electron-phonon energy losses in BP-MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction relative to bilayer BP indicate that rationally stacking BP with other two-dimensional materials is an attractive route for designing novel and efficient photovoltaic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Meng Guo
- Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan) , Jinan, Shandong Province P. R. China , 250101
| | - Lihong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Weihai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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105
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Ranasingha O, Wang H, Zobač V, Jelínek P, Panapitiya G, Neukirch AJ, Prezhdo OV, Lewis JP. Slow Relaxation of Surface Plasmon Excitations in Au55: The Key to Efficient Plasmonic Heating in Au/TiO2. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1563-1569. [PMID: 27043706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles distinguish themselves from other nanoparticles due to their unique surface plasmon resonance properties that can be exploited for a multiplicity of applications. The promise of plasmonic heating in systems of Au nanoparticles on transition metal oxide supports, for example, Au/TiO2, rests with the ability of the surface plasmon in Au nanoparticles to effectively transfer energy into the transition metal oxide. Here, we report a critical observation regarding Au nanoparticle (Au55) surface plasmon excitations, that is, the relaxation of the surface plasmon excitation is very slow, on the order of several picoseconds. Starting from five plasmon states in Au55 nanoparticles using nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, we find that the relaxation time constant resulting from these simulations is ∼6.8 ps, mainly resulting from a long-lived intermediate state found at around -0.8 eV. This long-lived intermediate state aligns with the conduction band edge of TiO2, thereby facilitating energy transfer injection from the Au55 nanoparticle into the TiO2. The current results rule out the previously reported molecular-like relaxation dynamics for Au55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshadha Ranasingha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States
| | - Vladimír Zobač
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Cukrovarnicḱa 10, CZ-16200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague , CZ-16200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Cukrovarnicḱa 10, CZ-16200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gihan Panapitiya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089-1062, United States
| | - James P Lewis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States
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106
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Long R, Liu J, Prezhdo OV. Unravelling the Effects of Grain Boundary and Chemical Doping on Electron–Hole Recombination in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite by Time-Domain Atomistic Simulation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:3884-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- School of Physics, Complex & Adaptive Systems Lab, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jin Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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107
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Long R, Prezhdo OV. Quantum Coherence Facilitates Efficient Charge Separation at a MoS2/MoSe2 van der Waals Junction. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:1996-2003. [PMID: 26882202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2, M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) hold great potential in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. To achieve efficient light-to-electricity conversion, electron-hole pairs must dissociate into free charges. Coulomb interaction in MX2 often exceeds the charge transfer driving force, leading one to expect inefficient charge separation at a MX2 heterojunction. Experiments defy the expectation. Using time-domain density functional theory and nonadiabatic (NA) molecular dynamics, we show that quantum coherence and donor-acceptor delocalization facilitate rapid charge transfer at a MoS2/MoSe2 interface. The delocalization is larger for electron than hole, resulting in longer coherence and faster transfer. Stronger NA coupling and higher acceptor state density accelerate electron transfer further. Both electron and hole transfers are subpicosecond, which is in agreement with experiments. The transfers are promoted primarily by the out-of-plane Mo-X modes of the acceptors. Lighter S atoms, compared to Se, create larger NA coupling for electrons than holes. The relatively slow relaxation of the "hot" hole suggests long-distance bandlike transport, observed in organic photovoltaics. The electron-hole recombination is notably longer across the MoS2/MoSe2 interface than in isolated MoS2 and MoSe2, favoring long-lived charge separation. The atomistic, time-domain studies provide valuable insights into excitation dynamics in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Complex and Adaptive Systems Lab, University College Dublin , Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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108
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Abstract
Plasmonics allows extraordinary control of light, making it attractive for application in solar energy harvesting. In metal-semiconductor heterojunctions, plasmons can enhance photoconversion in the semiconductor via three mechanisms, including light trapping, hot electron/hole transfer, and plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer (PIRET). To understand the plasmonic enhancement, the metal's geometry, constituent metal, and interface must be viewed in terms of the effects on the plasmon's dephasing and decay route. To simplify design of plasmonic metal-semiconductor heterojunctions for high-efficiency solar energy conversion, the parameters controlling the plasmonic enhancement can be distilled to the dephasing time. The plasmonic geometry can then be further refined to optimize hot carrier transfer, PIRET, or light trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Cushing
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6315, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6106, United States
| | - Nianqiang Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6106, United States
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109
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Long R, Fang W, Akimov AV. Nonradiative Electron--Hole Recombination Rate Is Greatly Reduced by Defects in Monolayer Black Phosphorus: Ab Initio Time Domain Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:653-659. [PMID: 26821943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report ab initio time-domain simulations of nonradiative electron-hole recombination and electronic dephasing in ideal and defect-containing monolayer black phosphorus (MBP). Our calculations predict that the presence of phosphorus divacancy in MBP (MBP-DV) substantially reduces the nonradiative recombination rate, with time scales on the order of 1.57 ns. The luminescence line width in ideal MBP of 150 meV is 2.5 times larger than MBP-DV at room temperature, and is in excellent agreement with experiment. We find that the electron-hole recombination in ideal MBP is driven by the 450 cm(-1) vibrational mode, whereas the recombination in the MBP-DV system is driven by a broad range of vibrational modes. The reduced electron-phonon coupling and increased bandgap in MBP-DV rationalize slower recombination in this material, suggesting that electron-phonon energy losses in MBP can be minimized by creating suitable defects in semiconductor device material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Weihai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, Natural Sciences Complex, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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110
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Ma XC, Dai Y, Yu L, Huang BB. Energy transfer in plasmonic photocatalytic composites. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2016; 5:e16017. [PMID: 30167139 PMCID: PMC6062428 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Among the many novel photocatalytic systems developed in very recent years, plasmonic photocatalytic composites possess great potential for use in applications and are one of the most intensively investigated photocatalytic systems owing to their high solar energy utilization efficiency. In these composites, the plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs) efficiently absorb solar light through localized surface plasmon resonance and convert it into energetic electrons and holes in the nearby semiconductor. This energy transfer from PNPs to semiconductors plays a decisive role in the overall photocatalytic performance. Thus, the underlying physical mechanism is of great scientific and technological importance and is one of the hottest topics in the area of plasmonic photocatalysts. In this review, we examine the very recent advances in understanding the energy transfer process in plasmonic photocatalytic composites, describing both the theoretical basis of this process and experimental demonstrations. The factors that affect the energy transfer efficiencies and how to improve the efficiencies to yield better photocatalytic performance are also discussed. Furthermore, comparisons are made between the various energy transfer processes, emphasizing their limitations/benefits for efficient operation of plasmonic photocatalysts.
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111
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Naldoni A, Riboni F, Marelli M, Bossola F, Ulisse G, Di Carlo A, Píš I, Nappini S, Malvestuto M, Dozzi MV, Psaro R, Selli E, Dal Santo V. Influence of TiO2electronic structure and strong metal–support interaction on plasmonic Au photocatalytic oxidations. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01736j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidations promoted by hot electron transfer and PRET strongly depend on Au loading and SMSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Naldoni
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - Francesca Riboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
| | | | - Filippo Bossola
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alte Tecnologie
- Università dell'Insubria
| | - Giacomo Ulisse
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
- Department of Electronic Engineering
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Igor Píš
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A
- 34149 Trieste
- Italy
- IOM CNR
- Laboratorio TASC
| | | | | | | | - Rinaldo Psaro
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - Elena Selli
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
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112
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Kar P, Maji TK, Sarkar PK, Sardar S, Pal SK. Direct observation of electronic transition–plasmon coupling for enhanced electron injection in dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18954g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We illustrate experimental evidence of the effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of a noble metal on the ultrafast-electron injection efficiencies of a sensitizing dye in proximity of a wide band gap semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Kar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700 106
- India
| | - Tuhin Kumar Maji
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700 106
- India
| | - Probir Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700 106
- India
| | - Samim Sardar
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700 106
- India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700 106
- India
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113
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Fan Z, Chen X, Köhn Serrano M, Schmalz H, Rosenfeldt S, Förster S, Agarwal S, Greiner A. Polymerkäfige als universelles Hilfsmittel für die präzise Bottom-up-Synthese metallischer Nanopartikel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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114
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Fan Z, Chen X, Köhn Serrano M, Schmalz H, Rosenfeldt S, Förster S, Agarwal S, Greiner A. Polymer Cages as Universal Tools for the Precise Bottom-Up Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14539-44. [PMID: 26439774 PMCID: PMC4678510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A template synthesis allows the preparation of monodisperse nanoparticles with high reproducibility and independent from self-assembly requirements. Tailor-made polymer cages were used for the preparation of nanoparticles, which were made of cross-linked macromolecules with pendant thiol groups. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared in the polymer cages in situ, by using different amounts of cages versus gold. The polymer cages exhibited a certain capacity, below which the AuNPs could be grown with excellent control over the size and shape. Control experiments with a linear diblock copolymer showed a continuous increase in the AuNP size as the gold feed increased. This completely different behavior regarding the AuNP size evolution was attributed to the flexibility of the polymer chain depending on cross-linking. Moreover, the polymer cages were suitable for the encapsulation of AgNPs, PdNPs, and PtNPs by the in situ method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Fan
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany) http://www.mcii.uni-bayreuth.de/en/ag-greiner/index.html
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Chair of Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth (Germany)
| | - Melissa Köhn Serrano
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany) http://www.mcii.uni-bayreuth.de/en/ag-greiner/index.html
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany) http://www.mcii.uni-bayreuth.de/en/ag-greiner/index.html
| | | | - Stephan Förster
- Chair of Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth (Germany)
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany) http://www.mcii.uni-bayreuth.de/en/ag-greiner/index.html
| | - Andreas Greiner
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Centre for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth (Germany) http://www.mcii.uni-bayreuth.de/en/ag-greiner/index.html.
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115
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Meng L, Yam C, Zhang Y, Wang R, Chen G. Multiscale Modeling of Plasmon-Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency in Nanostructured Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4410-4416. [PMID: 26722976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The unique optical properties of nanometallic structures can be exploited to confine light at subwavelength scales. This excellent light trapping is critical to improve light absorption efficiency in nanoscale photovoltaic devices. Here, we apply a multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics (QM/EM) method to model the current-voltage characteristics and optical properties of plasmonic nanowire-based solar cells. The QM/EM method features a combination of first-principles quantum mechanical treatment of the photoactive component and classical description of electromagnetic environment. The coupled optical-electrical QM/EM simulations demonstrate a dramatic enhancement for power conversion efficiency of nanowire solar cells due to the surface plasmon effect of nanometallic structures. The improvement is attributed to the enhanced scattering of light into the photoactive layer. We further investigate the optimal configuration of the nanostructured solar cell. Our QM/EM simulation result demonstrates that a further increase of internal quantum efficiency can be achieved by scattering light into the n-doped region of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - ChiYung Yam
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100094, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Rulin Wang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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116
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Pal PP, Jiang N, Sonntag MD, Chiang N, Foley ET, Hersam MC, Van Duyne RP, Seideman T. Plasmon-Mediated Electron Transport in Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Junctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4210-4218. [PMID: 26538036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We combine experiment, theory, and first-principles-based calculations to study the light-induced plasmon-mediated electron transport characteristics of a molecular-scale junction. The experimental data show a nonlinear increase in electronic current perturbation when the focus of a chopped laser beam moves laterally toward the tip-sample junction. To understand this behavior and generalize it, we apply a combined theory of the electronic nonequilibrium formed upon decoherence of an optically triggered plasmon and first-principles transport calculations. Our model illustrates that the current via an adsorbed molecular monolayer increases nonlinearly as more energy is pumped into the junction due to the increasing availability of virtual molecular orbital channels for transport with higher injection energies. Our results thus illustrate light-triggered, plasmon-enhanced tunneling current in the presence of a molecular linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Pratim Pal
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew D Sonntag
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edward T Foley
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tamar Seideman
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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117
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Abstract
The effectiveness of photocatalytic processes is dictated largely by plasmonic materials with the capability to enhance light absorption as well as the energy conversion efficiency. Herein, we demonstrate how to improve the plasmonic photocatalytic properties of TiO2/Al nano-void arrays by overlapping the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) modes with the TiO2 band gap. The plasmonic TiO2/Al arrays exhibit superior photocatalytic activity boasting an enhancement of 7.2 folds. The underlying mechanisms concerning the radiative energy transfer and interface energy transfer processes are discussed. Both processes occur at the TiO2/Al interface and their contributions to photocatalysis are evaluated. The results are important to the optimization of aluminum plasmonic materials in photocatalytic applications.
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118
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Cui J, Li Y, Liu L, Chen L, Xu J, Ma J, Fang G, Zhu E, Wu H, Zhao L, Wang L, Huang Y. Near-Infrared Plasmonic-Enhanced Solar Energy Harvest for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Reactions. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6295-301. [PMID: 26373787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly efficient photocatalyst comprised of Cu7S4@Pd heteronanostructures with plasmonic absorption in the near-infrared (NIR)-range. Our results indicated that the strong NIR plasmonic absorption of Cu7S4@Pd facilitated hot carrier transfer from Cu7S4 to Pd, which subsequently promoted the catalytic reactions on Pd metallic surface. We confirmed such enhancement mechanism could effectively boost the sunlight utilization in a wide range of photocatalytic reactions, including the Suzuki coupling reaction, hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, and oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Even under irradiation at 1500 nm with low power density (0.45 W/cm(2)), these heteronanostructures demonstrated excellent catalytic activities. Under solar illumination with power density as low as 40 mW/cm(2), nearly 80-100% of conversion was achieved within 2 h for all three types of organic reactions. Furthermore, recycling experiments showed the Cu7S4@Pd were stable and could retain their structures and high activity after five cycles. The reported synthetic protocol can be easily extended to other Cu7S4@M (M = Pt, Ag, Au) catalysts, offering a new solution to design and fabricate highly effective photocatalysts with broad material choices for efficient conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Lei Liu
- Semiconductor Lighting Technology Research and Development Center, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Semiconductor Lighting Technology Research and Development Center, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
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119
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Wu K, Chen J, McBride JR, Lian T. CHARGE TRANSFER. Efficient hot-electron transfer by a plasmon-induced interfacial charge-transfer transition. Science 2015; 349:632-5. [PMID: 26250682 DOI: 10.1126/science.aac5443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer from metal nanostructures is a potential new paradigm for solar energy conversion; however, the reported efficiencies of devices based on this concept are often low because of the loss of hot electrons via ultrafast electron-electron scattering. We propose a pathway, called the plasmon-induced interfacial charge-transfer transition (PICTT), that enables the decay of a plasmon by directly exciting an electron from the metal to a strongly coupled acceptor. We demonstrated this concept in cadmium selenide nanorods with gold tips, in which the gold plasmon was strongly damped by cadmium selenide through interfacial electron transfer. The quantum efficiency of the PICTT process was high (>24%), independent of excitation photon energy over a ~1-electron volt range, and dependent on the excitation polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - J Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - J R McBride
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - T Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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120
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Cacciato G, Bayle M, Pugliara A, Bonafos C, Zimbone M, Privitera V, Grimaldi MG, Carles R. Enhancing carrier generation in TiO2 by a synergistic effect between plasmon resonance in Ag nanoparticles and optical interference. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:13468-13476. [PMID: 26198669 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02406d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have been embedded at a few nanometer distance from the free surface of titania/silica multilayers using low energy ion beam synthesis. Transmission electron microscopy shows the presence of 3 nm-sized crystalline particles. Reflectance spectroscopy on these composite substrates shows an increase of the light capture efficiency in the visible range. This behaviour is interpreted as a synergistic effect between plasmon polariton resonance and Fabry-Perot interferences. Plasmon-resonant Raman spectroscopy is deeply used to analyze, on one hand confinement of vibrations and electronic excitations in Ag NPs, and on the other hand coupling of polar TiO2 phonons with injected photo-generated carriers. It is shown how these new Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite films appear as very promising to enhance the efficiency and enlarge the spectral sensitivity of plasmo-electronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cacciato
- Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia-Università di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
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121
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Ouyang W, Dou W, Subotnik JE. Surface hopping with a manifold of electronic states. I. Incorporating surface-leaking to capture lifetimes. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084109. [PMID: 25725714 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the incorporation of the surface-leaking (SL) algorithm into Tully's fewest-switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm to simulate some electronic relaxation induced by an electronic bath in conjunction with some electronic transitions between discrete states. The resulting SL-FSSH algorithm is benchmarked against exact quantum scattering calculations for three one-dimensional model problems. The results show excellent agreement between SL-FSSH and exact quantum dynamics in the wide band limit, suggesting the potential for a SL-FSSH algorithm. Discrepancies and failures are investigated in detail to understand the factors that will limit the reliability of SL-FSSH, especially the wide band approximation. Considering the easiness of implementation and the low computational cost, we expect this method to be useful in studying processes involving both a continuum of electronic states (where electronic dynamics are probabilistic) and processes involving only a few electronic states (where non-adiabatic processes cannot ignore short-time coherence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Wenjie Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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122
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Fihey A, Le Guennic B, Jacquemin D. Toward an Enhancement of the Photoactivity of Multiphotochromic Dimers Using Plasmon Resonance: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3067-3073. [PMID: 26267018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Building dimers of organic photochromic compounds paves the way to multifunctional switches, but such architectures often undergo partial photoreactivity only. Combining photochromism of molecules and plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles (NPs) is known to affect the photochromism of monomers, yet the impact on multimers remains unknown. Here we propose a theoretical study of dimers of dithienylethenes by the mean of a hybrid calculation scheme (discrete-interaction model/quantum mechanics). We aim to assess how the optical properties of multiphotochromes are tuned by the influence of the plasmon resonances. We show that, for a typical chemisorption orientation on the NP, the absorption bands responsible for the photochromism are significantly enhanced for both the doubly open and mixed closed-open isomers of the dyad, hinting that plasmon resonance could be used to boost the generally poor photoactivity of dithienylethene dyads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Fihey
- †Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS no. 6230, BP 92208, Université de Nantes, 2, Rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- ‡Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- †Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR CNRS no. 6230, BP 92208, Université de Nantes, 2, Rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, Cedex 3, France
- §Institut Universitaire de France, 103, Boulevard Saint-Michel, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
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123
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Nalbandian MJ, Zhang M, Sanchez J, Choa YH, Cwiertny DM, Myung NV. Synthesis and optimization of BiVO4 and co-catalyzed BiVO4 nanofibers for visible light-activated photocatalytic degradation of aquatic micropollutants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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124
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Long R, Prezhdo OV. Time-Domain Ab Initio Analysis of Excitation Dynamics in a Quantum Dot/Polymer Hybrid: Atomistic Description Rationalizes Experiment. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:4274-4281. [PMID: 26061416 DOI: 10.1021/nl5046268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic/inorganic polymer/quantum dot (QD) solar cells are an attractive alternative to the traditional cells. The original, simple models postulate that one-dimensional polymers have continuous energy levels, while zero-dimensional QDs exhibit atom-like electronic structure. A realistic, atomistic viewpoint provides an alternative description. Electronic states in polymers are molecule-like: finite in size and discrete in energy. QDs are composed of many atoms and have high, bulk-like densities of states. We employ ab initio time-domain simulation to model the experimentally observed ultrafast photoinduced dynamics in a QD/polymer hybrid and show that an atomistic description is essential for understanding the time-resolved experimental data. Both electron and hole transfers across the interface exhibit subpicosecond time scales. The interfacial processes are fast due to strong electronic donor-acceptor, as evidenced by the densities of the photoexcited states which are delocalized between the donor and the acceptor. The nonadiabatic charge-phonon coupling is also strong, especially in the polymer, resulting in rapid energy losses. The electron transfer from the polymer is notably faster than the hole transfer from the QD, due to a significantly higher density of acceptor states. The stronger molecule-like electronic and charge-phonon coupling in the polymer rationalizes why the electron-hole recombination inside the polymer is several orders of magnitude faster than in the QD. As a result, experiments exhibit multiple transfer times for the long-lived hole inside the QD, ranging from subpicoseconds to nanoseconds. In contrast, transfer of the short-lived electron inside the polymer does not occur beyond the first picosecond. The energy lost by the hole on its transit into the polymer is accommodated by polymer's high-frequency vibrations. The energy lost by the electron injected into the QD is accommodated primarily by much lower-frequency collective and QD modes. The electron dynamics is exponential, whereas evolution of the injected hole through the low density manifold of states of the polymer is highly nonexponential. The time scale of the electron-hole recombination at the interface is intermediate between those in pristine polymer and QD and is closer to that in the polymer. The detailed atomistic insights into the photoinduced charge and energy dynamics at the polymer/QD interface provide valuable guidelines for optimization of solar light harvesting and photovoltaic efficiency in modern nanoscale materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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125
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Kumar PN, Deepa M, Ghosal P. Low-Cost Copper Nanostructures Impart High Efficiencies to Quantum Dot Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:13303-13. [PMID: 26000891 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) were fabricated using low-cost Cu nanostructures and a carbon fabric as a counter electrode for the first time. Cu nanoparticles (NPs) and nanoneedles (NNs) with a face-centered cubic structure were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and electrophoretically deposited over a CdS QD sensitized titania (TiO2) electrode. Compared to Cu NPs, which increase the light absorption of a TiO2/CdS photoanode via scattering effects only in the visible region, Cu NNs are more effective for efficient far-field light scattering; they enhance the light absorption of the TiO2/CdS assembly beyond the visible to near-infrared (NIR) regions as well. The highest fluorescence quenching, lowest excited electron lifetime, and a large surface potential (deduced from Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM)) observed for the TiO2/CdS/Cu NN electrode compared to TiO2/CdS and TiO2/CdS/Cu NP electrodes confirm that Cu NNs also facilitate charge transport. KPFM studies also revealed a larger shift of the apparent Fermi level to more negative potentials in the TiO2/CdS/Cu NN electrode, compared to the other two electrodes (versus NHE), which results in a higher open-circuit voltage for the Cu NN based electrode. The best performing QDSC based on the TiO2/CdS/Cu NN electrode delivers a stellar power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.36%, greater by 56.8% and 32.1% than the PCEs produced by the cells based on TiO2/CdS and TiO2/CdS/Cu NPs, respectively. A maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 58% obtained for the cell with the TiO2/CdS/Cu NN electrode and a finite EQE in the NIR region which the other two cells do not deliver are clear indicators of the enormous promise this cheap, earth-abundant Cu nanostructure holds for amplifying the solar cell response in both the visible and near-infrared regions through scattering enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Naresh Kumar
- †Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Ordnance Factory Estate, Yeddumailaram-502205, Telangana, India
| | - Melepurath Deepa
- †Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Ordnance Factory Estate, Yeddumailaram-502205, Telangana, India
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126
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Stamplecoskie KG, Kamat PV. Synergistic Effects in the Coupling of Plasmon Resonance of Metal Nanoparticles with Excited Gold Clusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:1870-1875. [PMID: 26263262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
When molecules or clusters are within the proximity of metal particles, their electronic transitions can be drastically enhanced. We have now probed the off-resonance excitation of molecule-like, glutathione-capped gold clusters (Au-GSH) in the close proximity of larger (plasmonic) Au and Ag nanoparticles. The excited state absorption spectrum of Au-GSH* is obtained with monophotonic excitation. The characteristic absorption of Au-GSH* allows us to probe the influence of excited plasmonic nanoparticles coupled with the clusters. Although infrared (775 nm) lasers pulses do not produce Au-GSH*, the excited states of these clusters are formed when coupled with metal (Au, Ag) nanoparticles. Interestingly, the coupled excitation of Au-GSH/AgNP with 775 nm laser pulses also results in an enhanced field effect, as seen from increased plasmon response of the metal nanoparticles. Transient absorption measurements confirm the synergy between these two inherently different nanomaterials, causing them to display greater excitation features. Better understanding of metal cluster-metal nanoparticle interactions will have important implications in designing light harvesting systems, and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Stamplecoskie
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Prashant V Kamat
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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127
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Blas-Ferrando VM, Ortiz J, Fernández-Lázaro F, Sastre-Santos Á. Synthesis and characterization of a sulfur-containing phthalocyanine-gold nanoparticle hybrid. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461550011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the synthesis and characterization of a new gold nanoparticle-zinc phthalocyanine system, AuNP - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc , prepared by a ligand exchange reaction of tetraoctylammonium bromide with a novel unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanine which contains one thioester group in the peripheral position [ AcS (t Bu )3 ZnPc ]. The AuNP - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc hybrid was characterized using UV-vis and 1 H NMR spectroscopies. Transmission electron microscopy allowed the estimation of the size, which was calculated to be ~5 nm. AuNPs - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc conjugate showed much lower fluorescence quantum yield values than the AcS (t Bu )3 ZnPc demonstrating either an energy or electron transfer from the ZnPc to the AuNP . The AuNP - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc hybrid has been anchored to a TiO 2 semiconducting layer using lipoic acid. A solid configuration of TiO 2-lipoic acid- AuNP - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc has been prepared by anchoring lipoic acid to the TiO 2 ( TiO 2-LA) and introducing later the TiO 2-LA with free thiol groups in a toluene solution of AuNP - S (t Bu )3 ZnPc . We have also observed by UV-vis and fluorescence measurements the importance of the ZnPc in avoiding AuNP aggregation on the TiO 2 surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente M. Blas-Ferrando
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Javier Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
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128
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Wang L, Long R, Prezhdo OV. Time-Domain Ab Initio Modeling of Photoinduced Dynamics at Nanoscale Interfaces. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2015; 66:549-79. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - Run Long
- School of Physics and Complex & Adaptive Systems Laboratory, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482;
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129
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Trivedi DJ, Wang L, Prezhdo OV. Auger-mediated electron relaxation is robust to deep hole traps: time-domain ab initio study of CdSe quantum dots. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:2086-2091. [PMID: 25639836 DOI: 10.1021/nl504982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
By slowing down electron-phonon relaxation in nanoscale materials, one can increase efficiencies of solar energy conversion via hot electron extraction, multiple exciton generation, and elimination of exciton trapping. The elusive phonon bottleneck is hard to achieve, in particular, due to Auger-type energy exchange between electrons and holes. The Auger channel can be suppressed by hole trapping. Using time-domain ab initio simulation, we show that deep hole traps cannot fully eliminate the Auger channel. The simulations show that the hole-mediated electron relaxation is slowed down only by about 30%, which is in agreement with the recent experiments. The Auger energy exchange and hole relaxation to the trap state occur on similar time scales. Hole trapping is slow, because holes themselves experience a weak bottleneck effect. The study establishes the fundamental mechanisms of the electron and hole relaxation processes with and without hole traps. It shows that more sophisticated hole trapping strategies, for example, involving shell layers, are required in order to achieve the phonon bottleneck and to reduce electronic energy losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhara J Trivedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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130
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Szymanski P, Mahmoud MA, O'Neil D, Garlyyev B, El-Sayed MA. Electronic and vibrational dynamics of hollow au nanocages embedded in cu2 o shells. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:599-606. [PMID: 25682692 DOI: 10.1111/php.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized hollow Au nanocages embedded within thick porous shells of cuprous oxide (Cu2 O). The shell causes a significant redshift of the localized surface plasmon resonance of Au into the near-IR. Electron-phonon coupling in the Au nanocage is 3-6 times faster in the core-shell structure due to the higher thermal conductivity of Cu2 O compared to water. Coherent phonon oscillations within the Au lattice are characterized by a breathing mode of the entire structure for both bare and core-shell nanocages, an assignment made through the use of structural mechanics simulations. The experimental frequencies are obtained through simulations by selectively applying a force to the shell of the core-shell structure. We interpret this as rapid thermal expansion of the gold leading to a mechanical force that acts on the shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Szymanski
- Laser Dynamics Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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131
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Dou W, Nitzan A, Subotnik JE. Surface hopping with a manifold of electronic states. II. Application to the many-body Anderson-Holstein model. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4908034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- School of Chemistry, The Sackler Faculty of Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Joseph E. Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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132
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Meng Q, May SP, Berry MT, Kilin DS. Time-resolved electronic and optical properties of a thiolate-protected Au38nanocluster. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2014.999838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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133
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Hyeon-Deuk K, Kim J, Prezhdo OV. Ab Initio Analysis of Auger-Assisted Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:244-249. [PMID: 26263457 DOI: 10.1021/jz502505m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantum confinement in nanoscale materials allows Auger-type electron-hole energy exchange. We show by direct time-domain atomistic simulation and analytic theory that Auger processes give rise to a new mechanism of charge transfer (CT) on the nanoscale. Auger-assisted CT eliminates the renown Marcus inverted regime, rationalizing recent experiments on CT from quantum dots to molecular adsorbates. The ab initio simulation reveals a complex interplay of the electron-hole and charge-phonon channels of energy exchange, demonstrating a variety of CT scenarios. The developed Marcus rate theory for Auger-assisted CT describes, without adjustable parameters, the experimental plateau of the CT rate in the region of large donor-acceptor energy gap. The analytic theory and atomistic insights apply broadly to charge and energy transfer in nanoscale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Hyeon-Deuk
- †Department of Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- ‡Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Joonghan Kim
- §Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyunggi-do 420-743, Korea
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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134
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Wang T, Lv R, Zhang P, Li C, Gong J. Au nanoparticle sensitized ZnO nanopencil arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:77-81. [PMID: 25113466 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03735a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of Au nanoparticle sensitized ZnO nanopencil arrays on F-doped SnO2 substrates by an aqueous chemical growth and subsequent photoreduction method. The Au-ZnO nanopencil arrays yield a photocurrent of ∼ 1.5 mA cm(-2) at 1 V versus Ag/AgCl. The enhanced photocurrent is attributed to the surface plasmon resonance effect of Au nanoparticles and the prolonged lifetime of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. The improved stability of ZnO is due to the plasmon resonance energy transfer process enabled by the Au nanoparticles, which enhances the electric field intensity in a small, well-defined location of the ZnO semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China.
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135
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Nieto-Pescador J, Abraham B, Gundlach L. Photoinduced Ultrafast Heterogeneous Electron Transfer at Molecule-Semiconductor Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3498-3507. [PMID: 26278600 DOI: 10.1021/jz501541a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective discusses recent developments in ultrafast electron transfer dynamics at interfaces between organic and inorganic materials. Heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) is a key process in important fields like catalysis and solar energy conversion. Furthermore, the solid state nature of the systems gives control over relevant parameters and allows for investigating excited state dynamics and electron transfer processes in unprecedented detail. Progress in synthesis, sample preparation, and instrumentation makes it possible to provide experimental proof of recent prediction from theory concerning the adiabaticity of the reaction and the influence of coherence. A short recapitulation of the field is followed by a discussion of recent experimental efforts that allowed for studying HET, particularly focusing on the influence of energetics and vibrational dynamics.
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Xiong Z, Zhang L, Zhao XS. One-Step Synthesis of Metal@Titania Core-Shell Materials for Visible-Light Photocatalysis and Catalytic Reduction Reaction. Chemistry 2014; 20:14715-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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137
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Huang S, Inerbaev TM, Kilin DS. Excited State Dynamics of Ru10 Cluster Interfacing Anatase TiO2(101) Surface and Liquid Water. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:2823-2829. [PMID: 26278085 DOI: 10.1021/jz501221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Charge transfer dynamics at the interface of supported metal nanocluster and liquid water by GGA+U calculations combined with density matrix formalism is considered. The Ru10 cluster introduces new states into the band gap of TiO2 surface, narrows the band gap of TiO2, and enhances the absorption strength. The H2O adsorption significantly enhances the intensity of photon absorption, which is due to the formation of Ti-O(water) and Ru-O(water) bonds at the interfaces. The Ru10 cluster promotes the dissociation of water, facilitates charge transfer, and increases the relaxation rates of holes and electrons. We expect that our results are helpful in understanding basic processes contributing to photoelectrochemical water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Huang
- †Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Talgat M Inerbaev
- ‡L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Mirzoyan str., 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitri S Kilin
- †Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
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DuChene JS, Sweeny BC, Johnston-Peck AC, Su D, Stach EA, Wei WD. Prolonged Hot Electron Dynamics in Plasmonic-Metal/Semiconductor Heterostructures with Implications for Solar Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7887-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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139
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DuChene JS, Sweeny BC, Johnston-Peck AC, Su D, Stach EA, Wei WD. Prolonged Hot Electron Dynamics in Plasmonic-Metal/Semiconductor Heterostructures with Implications for Solar Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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140
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Akimov AV, Long R, Prezhdo OV. Coherence penalty functional: A simple method for adding decoherence in Ehrenfest dynamics. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:194107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4875702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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