101
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Wu B, Tang L, Kapoor M. Fibroblasts and their responses to chronic injury in pulmonary fibrosis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 51:310-317. [PMID: 33440304 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of pulmonary fibrosis is rapidly expanding as new insights highlight novel mechanisms that influence fibroblast biology and likely promote aberrant and chronic activation of the tissue repair response. Current paradigms suggest repeated epithelial microinjury as a driver for pathology; however, the rapid expansion of pulmonary fibrosis research calls for an overview on how fibroblasts respond to both neighbouring cells and the injury microenvironment. This review seeks to highlight recent discoveries and identify areas that require further research regarding fibroblasts, and their role in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wu
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Tang
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Kapoor
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Surgery and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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102
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Qiu Y, Wang Z, Zhang X, Huang P, Zhang W, Zhang K, Wang S, He L, Guo Y, Xiang A, Zhang C, Hao Q, Li M, Li W, Zhang Y. A long-acting isomer of Ac-SDKP attenuates pulmonary fibrosis through SRPK1-mediated PI3K/AKT and Smad2 pathway inhibition. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2611-2626. [PMID: 33135306 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, life-threatening lung disease with a poor prognosis. N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) is a critical negative regulator of fibrosis development. However, it's extremely short half-life greatly limits its applications. Previously, we reported an Ac-SDKP analog peptide in which Asp and Lys residues were replaced with D-amino acids (Ac-SDD KD P). Ac-SDD KD P exhibits better resistance to angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE)-mediated degradation and a longer half-life than Ac-SDKP in rat and human sera. The objective of this study was to explore the potential application of Ac-SDD KD P for the treatment of IPF and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. We found that Ac-SDD KD P exerted similar antifibrotic effects as Ac-SDKP on human fetal lung fibroblast-1 (HFL-1) proliferation, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I and collagen III expression, and Smad-2 phosphorylation in vitro. In vivo, Ac-SDD KD P exhibited significantly greater protective effects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis than Ac-SDKP in mice. α-SMA, CD45, collagen I and collagen III expression, and Smad-2 phosphorylation were significantly decreased in the lungs of Ac-SDD KD P-treated but not Ac-SDKP-treated mice. Furthermore, a pull-down experiment was used to screen for molecules that interact with Ac-SDKP. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and computer-based molecular docking experiments demonstrated an interaction between Ac-SDKP or Ac-SDD KD P (Ac-SDKP/Ac-SDD KD P) and serine/arginine-rich protein-specific kinase 1 (SRPK1) that caused inhibition SRPK1-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/ serine/threonine kinase (PIK3/AKT) signaling pathway activation and Smad2 phosphorylation and thereby attenuated lung fibrosis. Our data suggest that long-acting Ac-SDD KD P may potentially be an effective drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The interacting molecule and antifibrotic mechanism of Ac-SDKP/Ac-SDD KD P were also identified, providing an experimental and theoretical foundation for the clinical application of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xutao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Huang
- The Brigade of Undergraduates, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei He
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanhai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - An Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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103
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Beck H, Thaler T, Meibom D, Meininghaus M, Jörißen H, Dietz L, Terjung C, Bairlein M, von Bühler CJ, Anlauf S, Fürstner C, Stellfeld T, Schneider D, Gericke KM, Buyck T, Lovis K, Münster U, Anlahr J, Kersten E, Levilain G, Marossek V, Kast R. Potent and Selective Human Prostaglandin F (FP) Receptor Antagonist (BAY-6672) for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). J Med Chem 2020; 63:11639-11662. [PMID: 32969660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare and devastating chronic lung disease of unknown etiology. Despite the approved treatment options nintedanib and pirfenidone, the medical need for a safe and well-tolerated antifibrotic treatment of IPF remains high. The human prostaglandin F receptor (hFP-R) is widely expressed in the lung tissue and constitutes an attractive target for the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases. Herein, we present our research toward novel quinoline-based hFP-R antagonists, including synthesis and detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR). Starting from a high-throughput screening (HTS) hit of our corporate compound library, multiple parameter improvements-including increase of the relative oral bioavailability Frel from 3 to ≥100%-led to a highly potent and selective hFP-R antagonist with complete oral absorption from suspension. BAY-6672 (46) represents-to the best of our knowledge-the first reported FP-R antagonist to demonstrate in vivo efficacy in a preclinical animal model of lung fibrosis, thus paving the way for a new treatment option in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Beck
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tobias Thaler
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniel Meibom
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mark Meininghaus
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hannah Jörißen
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Lisa Dietz
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carsten Terjung
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michaela Bairlein
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - Sonja Anlauf
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Chantal Fürstner
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Timo Stellfeld
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kersten M Gericke
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Thomas Buyck
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kai Lovis
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Uwe Münster
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Johanna Anlahr
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kersten
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Guillaume Levilain
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Virginia Marossek
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Raimund Kast
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
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104
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Wind S, Schmid U, Freiwald M, Marzin K, Lotz R, Ebner T, Stopfer P, Dallinger C. Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Nintedanib. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:1131-1147. [PMID: 31016670 PMCID: PMC6719436 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nintedanib is an oral, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and patients with advanced non-small cell cancer of adenocarcinoma tumour histology. Nintedanib competitively binds to the kinase domains of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Studies in healthy volunteers and in patients with advanced cancer have shown that nintedanib has time-independent pharmacokinetic characteristics. Maximum plasma concentrations of nintedanib are reached approximately 2–4 h after oral administration and thereafter decline at least bi-exponentially. Over the investigated dose range of 50–450 mg once daily and 150–300 mg twice daily, nintedanib exposure increases are dose proportional. Nintedanib is metabolised via hydrolytic ester cleavage, resulting in the formation of the free acid moiety that is subsequently glucuronidated and excreted in the faeces. Less than 1% of drug-related radioactivity is eliminated in urine. The terminal elimination half-life of nintedanib is about 10–15 h. Accumulation after repeated twice-daily dosing is negligible. Sex and renal function have no influence on nintedanib pharmacokinetics, while effects of ethnicity, low body weight, older age and smoking are within the inter-patient variability range of nintedanib exposure and no dose adjustments are required. Administration of nintedanib in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment is not recommended, and patients with mild hepatic impairment should be monitored closely and the dose adjusted accordingly. Nintedanib has a low potential for drug–drug interactions, especially with drugs metabolised by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Concomitant treatment with potent inhibitors or inducers of the P-glycoprotein transporter can affect the pharmacokinetics of nintedanib. At an investigated dose of 200 mg twice daily, nintedanib does not have proarrhythmic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Wind
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Schmid
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Matthias Freiwald
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Kristell Marzin
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ralf Lotz
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Thomas Ebner
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Peter Stopfer
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Claudia Dallinger
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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105
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Zhou BY, Wang WB, Wu XL, Zhang WJ, Zhou GD, Gao Z, Liu W. Nintedanib inhibits keloid fibroblast functions by blocking the phosphorylation of multiple kinases and enhancing receptor internalization. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1234-1245. [PMID: 32327724 PMCID: PMC7608201 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a benign skin tumor characterized by its cell hyperproliferative activity, invasion into normal skin, uncontrolled growth, overproduction and deposition of extracellular matrices and high recurrence rate after various therapies. Nintedanib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting VEGF, PDGF, FGF, and TGF-β receptors with proved efficacy in anti-angiogenesis and in treating various types of cancers. In this study, we investigated the effects of nintedanib on keloid fibroblasts in both in vitro and ex vivo models. Keloid fibroblasts were prepared from 54 keloid scar samples in active stages collected from 49 patients. We found that nintedanib (1−4 μM) dose-dependently suppressed cell proliferation, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and inhibited migration and invasion of keloid fibroblasts. The drug also significantly inhibited the gene and protein expression of collagen I (COL-1) and III (COL-3), fibronectin (FN), and connective growth factor (CTGF), as well as the gene expression of other pathological factors, such as alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10), and heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) in keloid fibroblasts. Furthermore, nintedanib treatment significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK, STAT3, and Smad, enhanced endocytosis of various growth factor receptors. Using an ex vivo tissue explant model, we showed that nintedanib significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and collagen production. The drug also significantly disrupted microvessel structure ex vivo. In summary, our results demonstrate that nintedanib is likely to become a potential targeted drug for keloid systemic therapy.
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106
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Inhaled nintedanib is well-tolerated and delivers key pharmacokinetic parameters required to treat bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2020; 63:101938. [PMID: 32841676 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral nintedanib is marketed for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Chronic Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases with a Progressive Phenotype. While effective at slowing fibrosis progression, as an oral medicine nintedanib has limitations. To reduce side effects and maximize efficacy, nintedanib was reformulated as a solution for nebulization and inhaled administration. To predict effectiveness treating IPF, inhalation was used as a tool to dissect the pharmacokinetic components required for nintedanib pulmonary anti-fibrotic activity. Following oral administration, nintedanib extensively partitioned into tissue and exhibited flip-flop pharmacokinetics, whereby resulting lung Cmax and AUC were substantially higher than plasma. By comparison, inhaled nintedanib was capable of delivering an oral-equivalent lung Cmax with lower local and systemic AUC. Using a multi-challenge bleomycin rat model, this distinct inhaled pharmacokinetic profile was dose responsive (0.05, 0.25 and 0.375 mg/kg), delivering oral-superior pulmonary anti-fibrotic activity with an equivalent delivered lung Cmax (QD inhaled 0.375 mg/kg versus BID oral 60 mg/kg). Possibly assisting this improvement, the infrequent high inhaled dose also improved bleomycin-challenged animal weight gain to levels equivalent to sham. By comparison, BID oral weight gain was substantially less than controls, suggesting a negative health impact on oral administered animals combating fibrosis. Both oral and inhaled administration exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, with oral achieving significance. In summary, inhalation (short-duration nintedanib lung Cmax without high local or systemic AUC) was well-tolerated and was effective reducing bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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107
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Epstein-Shochet G, Pham S, Beck S, Naiel S, Mekhael O, Revill S, Hayat A, Vierhout M, Bardestein-Wald B, Shitrit D, Ask K, Montgomery AB, Kolb MR, Surber MW. Inhalation: A means to explore and optimize nintedanib's pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2020; 63:101933. [PMID: 32750409 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral nintedanib is marketed for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While effective slowing fibrosis progression, as an oral medicine nintedanib is limited. To reduce side effects and maximize efficacy, nintedanib was reformulated as a solution for nebulization and inhaled administration. To predict effectiveness treating IPF, the nintedanib pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship was dissected. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated oral-delivered nintedanib plasma exposure and lung tissue partitioning were not dose-proportional and resulting lung levels were substantially higher than blood. Although initial-oral absorbed nintedanib efficiently partitioned into the lung, only a quickly eliminated fraction appeared available to epithelial lining fluid (ELF). Because IPF disease appears to initiate and progress near the epithelial surface, this observation suggests short duration nintedanib exposure (oral portion efficiently partitioned to ELF) is sufficient for IPF efficacy. To test this hypothesis, exposure duration required for nintedanib activity was explored. In vitro, IPF-cellular matrix (IPF-CM) increased primary normal human fibroblast (nHLF) aggregate size and reduced nHLF cell count. IPF-CM also increased nHLF ACTA2 and COL1A expression. Whether short duration (inhalation pharmacokinetic mimic) or continuous exposure (oral pharmacokinetic mimic), nintedanib (1-100 nM) reversed these effects. In vivo, intubated silica produced a strong pulmonary fibrotic response. Once-daily (QD) 0.021, 0.21 and 2.1 mg/kg intranasal (IN; short duration inhaled exposure) and twice-daily (BID) 30 mg/kg oral (PO; long duration oral exposure) showed that at equivalent-delivered lung exposure, QD short duration inhaled nintedanib (0.21 mg/kg IN vs. 30 mg/kg PO) exhibited equivalent-to-superior activity as BID oral (reduced silica-induced elastance, alpha-smooth muscle actin, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and soluble collagen). Comparatively, the increased inhaled lung dose (2.1 mg/kg IN vs. 30 mg/kg PO) exhibited increased effect by further reducing silica-induced elastance, IL-1β and soluble collagen. Neither oral nor inhaled nintedanib reduced silica-induced parenchymal collagen. Both QD inhaled and BID oral nintedanib reduced silica-induced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid macrophage and neutrophil counts with oral achieving significance. In summary, pharmacokinetic elements important for nintedanib activity can be delivered using infrequent, small inhaled doses to achieve oral equivalent-to-superior pulmonary activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gali Epstein-Shochet
- Meir Medical Center, Pulmonary Department, Kfar Saba, 4428164, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Stephen Pham
- Avalyn Pharma, 701 Pike Street, Suite 1500, Seattle, WA, 98101, United States
| | - Steven Beck
- Avalyn Pharma, 701 Pike Street, Suite 1500, Seattle, WA, 98101, United States
| | - Safaa Naiel
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | | | - Aaron Hayat
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | | | - David Shitrit
- Meir Medical Center, Pulmonary Department, Kfar Saba, 4428164, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Kjetil Ask
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - A Bruce Montgomery
- Avalyn Pharma, 701 Pike Street, Suite 1500, Seattle, WA, 98101, United States
| | - Martin R Kolb
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada; Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Mark W Surber
- Avalyn Pharma, 701 Pike Street, Suite 1500, Seattle, WA, 98101, United States.
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108
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Nanostructured lipid carriers as oral delivery systems for improving oral bioavailability of nintedanib by promoting intestinal absorption. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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109
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Yao Y, Liu Z, Zhao M, Chen Z, Li P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Long C, Chen X, Yang J. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 4-(3-chloro-4-(3-cyclopropylthioureido)-2-fluorophenoxy)-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide (WXFL-152): a novel triple angiokinase inhibitor for cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1453-1475. [PMID: 32963943 PMCID: PMC7488503 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast- and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinase inhibitor has achieved great success in recent years. In this study, we presented the design, synthesis, target identification, molecular mechanism, pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) research of a novel triple-angiokinase inhibitor WXFL-152. WXFL-152, identified from a series of 4-oxyquinoline derivatives based on a structure-activity relationship study, inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes by blocking the angiokinase signals VEGF/VEGFR2, FGF/FGFRs and PDGF/PDGFRβ simultaneously in vitro. Significant anticancer effects of WXFL-152 were confirmed in multiple preclinical tumor xenograft models, including a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model. Pharmacokinetic studies of WXFL-152 demonstrated high favourable bioavailability with single-dose and continuous multi-dose by oral administration in rats and beagles. In conclusion, WXFL-152, which is currently in phase Ib clinical trials, is a novel and effective triple-angiokinase inhibitor with clear PD and PK in tumor therapy.
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Key Words
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- AUC, area under the plasma concentration–time curve
- Anti-angiogenesis therapy
- CE, collision energy
- CL, systemic clearance
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- Drug synthesis
- EC, vascular endothelial cell
- ECM, endothelial cell medium
- ERKs, extracellular signal-regulated kinases
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FGFRs, fibroblast growth factor receptors
- HBVPs, human brain vascular pericytes
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- IC50, half maximal inhibitory concentration
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- LC–MS, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantification
- MRM, multiple reaction monitoring
- MsOH, methane sulfonic acid
- Multi-angiokinase inhibitor
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- PD, pharmacodynamics
- PDB, protein data bank
- PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor
- PDGFRs, platelet-derived growth factor receptors
- PDX, patient-derived tumor xenograft
- PK, pharmacokinetics
- PM, pericyte medium
- Pharmacokinetic
- QC, quality control
- RE, values and relative error
- RSD, relative standard deviation
- RTKs, receptor tyrosine kinases
- TGI, tumor growth inhibition rate
- TLC, thin-layer chromatography
- Tmax, time the maximum concentration occurred
- Tumor
- ULOQ, up limit of quantitation
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGFRs, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors
- Vdss, volume of distribution at steady state
- i.v., intravenous injection
- p.o., per os
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Manyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Peng Li
- WuXi AppTec Ltd. Shanghai 200131, China
| | | | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chaofeng Long
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523325, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523325, China
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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110
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Sarkar P, Avram C, Chaudhuri N. The extended utility of antifibrotic therapy in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:1001-1008. [PMID: 32567402 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1784730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The approval of two antifibrotic treatment agents for delaying disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), has prompted researchers to look at expanding the role of antifibrotic therapy to other fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD). Similarities in the pathological mechanisms that lead to the development of IPF have been implicated in other progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD) such as chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, connective tissues disease associated ILD, sarcoidosis, occupational ILD and idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP). This has prompted the rationale to use antifibrotic therapy to target similar molecular pathways in these diseases. AREAS COVERED This review will summarise the available evidence from randomised controlled trials that have evaluated the use of antifibrotic therapy in PF-ILD outside the realm of IPF. EXPERT OPINION There is promising data for antifibrotic therapy as a therapeutic option for non IPF PF-ILD. The new therapy option does provide some challenges that need to be addressed such as timing of initiation of therapy, clarifying the strategy for overlap or combination with existing immunosuppressive therapies and potential drug interactions. There is an unmet need to determine accurate predictors of disease progression to allow early intervention for the preservation of lung function and mortality reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paroma Sarkar
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Royal Adelaide Hospital , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cristina Avram
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester, UK
| | - Nazia Chaudhuri
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester, UK
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111
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The Lysosomotropic Activity of Hydrophobic Weak Base Drugs is Mediated via Their Intercalation into the Lysosomal Membrane. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051082. [PMID: 32349204 PMCID: PMC7290590 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic weak base therapeutic agents, termed lysosomotropic drugs (LDs), undergo marked sequestration and concentration within lysosomes, hence altering lysosomal functions. This lysosomal drug entrapment has been described as luminal drug compartmentalization. Consistent with our recent finding that LDs inflict a pH-dependent membrane fluidization, we herein demonstrate that LDs undergo intercalation and concentration within lysosomal membranes. The latter was revealed experimentally and computationally by (a) confocal microscopy of fluorescent compounds and drugs within lysosomal membranes, and (b) molecular dynamics modeling of the pH-dependent membrane insertion and accumulation of an assortment of LDs, including anticancer drugs. Based on the multiple functions of the lysosome as a central nutrient sensory hub and a degradation center, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the alteration of morphology and impairment of lysosomal functions as consequences of LDs’ intercalation into lysosomes. Our findings bear important implications for drug design, drug induced lysosomal damage, diseases and pertaining therapeutics.
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112
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Xue L, Deng D, Zheng S, Tang M, Yang Z, Pei H, Chen Y, Yang T, Liu K, Ye H, Chen L. Design, synthesis and discovery of 2(1H)-quinolone derivatives for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis through inhibition of TGF-β/smad dependent and independent pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112259. [PMID: 32334267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, life-threatening and interstitial lung disease with the median survival of only 3-5 years. However, due to the unclear etiology and problems in accurate diagnosis, up to now only two drugs were approved by FDA for the treatment of IPF and their outcome responses are limited. Numerous studies have shown that TGF-β is the most important cytokine in the development of pulmonary fibrosis and plays a role through its downstream signaling molecule TGF-binding receptor Smads protein. In this paper, compounds bearing 2(1H)-quinolone scaffold were designed and their anti-fibrosis effects were evaluated. Of these compounds, 20f was identified as the most active one and could inhibit TGF-β-induced collagen deposition of NRK-49F cells and mouse fibroblasts migration with comparable activity and lower cytotoxicity than nintedanib in vitro. Further mechanism studies indicated that 20f reduced the expression of fibrogenic phenotypic protein α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad dependent pathways and ERK1/2 and p38 pathways. Moreover, compared with the nintedanib, 20f (100 mg/kg/day, p.o) more effectively alleviated collagen deposition in lung tissue and delayed the destruction of lung tissue structure both in bleomycin-induced prevention and treatment mice pulmonary fibrosis models. The immunohistochemical experiments further showed that 20f could block the expression level of phosphorylated Smad3 in the lung tissue cells, which resulted in its anti-fibrosis effects in vivo. In addition, 20f demonstrated good bioavailability (F = 41.55% vs 12%, compare with nintedanib) and an appropriate elimination half-life (T1/2 = 3.5 h), suggesting that 20f may be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Dexin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Shoujun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Heying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Kongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Chen L, He J. DABCO-Catalyzed Michael/Alkylation Cascade Reactions Involving α-Substituted Ammonium Ylides for the Construction of Spirocyclopropyl Oxindoles: Access to the Powerful Chemical Leads against HIV-1. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5203-5219. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Jin He
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
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Rodríguez-Cid JR, Campos-Gomez S, García-Montes V, Magallanes-Maciel M, Flores-Mariñelarena RR, Fernández-Garibay VM, González-Espinoza IR, Ceja-García JP, Cázarez-Price JC, Martínez-Barrera L, Barriguete-Parra L, Zuloaga-Fernandez CJ, Kuri-Exsome R, Suárez-García D, Gonzalez-Villanueva JI, Flores-Anaya N, Acevedo-Delgado JA, Astorga-Ramos AM, Gerson-Cwilich R, Villalobos-Prieto A, Rodríguez-Silva C, Noriega-Iriondo MF, Vázquez-Cortés L, Perales-Rodríguez E, Acosta-Espinoza A, Perez-Lozano Y, Capdeville-García D, Alatorre-Alexander JA. Real-World Evidence: Multicenter Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis of Nintedanib With Docetaxel as Second-Line Treatment in Mexican Patients With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma. JCO Glob Oncol 2020; 6:462-470. [PMID: 32196388 PMCID: PMC7113104 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The LUME-Lung 1 study has brought consistent evidence of the effective use of nintedanib in lung adenocarcinoma as a second line of treatment; however, differences among ethnicities have been found in some studies. METHODS This was a retrospective review among 21 medical centers of 150 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma, included in a compassionate use program of nintedanib from March 2014 to September 2015. The current study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of nintedanib in combination with docetaxel in the Mexican population, using progression-free survival rate and the best objective response to treatment by RECIST 1.1 as a surrogate of effectiveness. In addition, we examined the toxicity profile of our study population as a secondary end point. RESULTS After exclusion criteria, only 99 patients met the criteria for enrollment in the current study. From the total study population, 53 patients (53.5%) were male and 46 (46.5%) were female, with an average age of 60 years and stage IV as the most prevalent clinical stage at the beginning of the compassionate use program. A total of 48 patients (48.5%) had partial response; 26 (26.3%), stable disease; 4 (4%), complete response; and 16 (16.2%), progression; and 5 (5%) were nonevaluable. We found a median progression-free survival of 5 months (95% CI, 4.3 to 5.7 months). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions were fatigue (14%) and diarrhea (13%). CONCLUSION Nintedanib, as part of a chemotherapy regimen, is an effective option with an acceptable toxicity profile for advanced lung adenocarcinoma after first-line treatment progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saul Campos-Gomez
- Department of Oncology, Centro Oncológico Estatal ISSEMYM, State of Mexico, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luis Martínez-Barrera
- Department of Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raquel Gerson-Cwilich
- Department of Oncology, American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia Rodríguez-Silva
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Mexico
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115
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Li X, Liu X, Deng R, Gao S, Yu H, Huang K, Jiang Q, Liu R, Li X, Zhang L, Zhou H, Yang C. Nintedanib Inhibits Wnt3a-Induced Myofibroblast Activation by Suppressing the Src/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:310. [PMID: 32231574 PMCID: PMC7087487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by epithelial cell damage, myofibroblast activation, and collagen deposition. Multiple studies have documented that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is aberrantly activated in IPF and plays a vital role in myofibroblast differentiation and activation. Kinases such as Src initiate Wnt/β-catenin signaling by phosphorylating β-catenin at tyrosine residues, which facilitates β-catenin accumulation in the nucleus and promotion of fibrosis progression. Nintedanib has been approved for the treatment of IPF as a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Nintedanib has been demonstrated to directly block Src, and whether it attenuates pulmonary fibrosis through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway remains unclear. In this study, we found that nintedanib attenuated myofibroblast activation through inhibiting the expression of genes downstream of Wnt signaling such as Cyclin D1, Wisp1, and S100a4. Further experiments showed that nintedanib inhibited Wnt3a-induced β-catenin nuclear translocation through suppressing Src kinase activation and β-catenin Y654 phosphorylation. Additionally, Src knockdown fibroblasts exhibited a phenotype similar to that of the nintedanib treatment group, and the inhibitory effects of nintedanib were consistent with those of the Src kinase inhibitor KX2-391. In summary, our study shows that nintedanib exhibits an anti-fibrosis effect, partly by inhibiting the Src/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tian Jin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tian Jin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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116
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Boxhammer E, Lehle K, Schmid C, von Suesskind-Schwendi M. Anti-oxidative effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib: a potential therapy for chronic lung allograft dysfunction? Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:128-145. [PMID: 32169022 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1738594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The long-term survival after lung transplantation (LTx) is often limited by the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Increased oxidative stress has been found to occur in chronic lung allograft dysfunction because of several risk factors, e.g. immunological factors or drug related factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidative effect of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor nintedanib on immunologically induced oxidative stress and on drug induced oxidative stress.Methods: In-vivo studies were used for investigation of immunologically induced oxidative stress: Immunohistochemistry of transglutaminase-2 (TGM-2) was used to figure out a potential anti-oxidative effect of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib in a rat model of allogeneic left LTx. In-vitro studies were used for investigation of drug induced oxidative stress: Cell viability assay, 2'7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) and immunofluorescence of transglutaminase-2 were disposed to examine the potential impact of nintedanib on cyclosporin A (CsA) treated lung fibroblasts of the rat.Results: In-vivo studies: Allogeneic transplanted animals without drug interaction showed severe chronic rejection and an excessive expression of TGM-2, whereas the application of nintedanib significantly decreased the number of TGM-2 positive cells. In-vitro studies: Concentrations of CsA ranging from 250 ng/ml to 500 ng/ml demonstrated oxidative stress caused by an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an overexpression of TGM-2 without inducing apoptosis in cells. Concentrations of more than 1000 ng/ml led to a considerable decrease of cellularity. 30 min-pre-incubation with nintedanib at a concentration between 25 and 100 nM reduced generation of intracellular ROS and expression of TGM-2.Conclusion: These results demonstrate a downregulation of ROS and TGM-2 by pretreatment with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib and present its potential anti-oxidative and immunomodulatory effect in the treatment of chronic lung allograft dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Boxhammer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karla Lehle
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christof Schmid
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
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117
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Morales-Barrera R, Suárez C, González M, Valverde C, Serra E, Mateo J, Raventos C, Maldonado X, Morote J, Carles J. The future of bladder cancer therapy: Optimizing the inhibition of the fibroblast growth factor receptor. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 86:102000. [PMID: 32203842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic options for metastatic bladder cancer (BC) have seen minimal evolution over the past 30 years, with platinum-based chemotherapy remaining the mainstay of standard of care for metastatic BC. Recently, five immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved by the FDA as second-line therapy, and two ICIs are approved as first-line treatment in selected patients. Molecular alterations of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) have been reported by The Cancer Genome Atlas. About 15% of patients with MIBC have molecular alterations in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) axis. Several ongoing trials are testing novel FGF receptor (FGFR) inhibitors in patients with FGFR genomic aberrations. Recently, erdafitinib, a pan-FGFR inhibitor, was approved by the FDA in patients with metastatic BC who have progressed on platinum-based chemotherapy. We reviewed the literature over the last decade and provide a summary of current knowledge of FGF signaling, and the prognosis associated with FGFR mutations in BC. We cover the role of FGFR inhibition with non-selective and selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as novel agents in metastatic BC. Efficacy and safety data including insights from mechanism-based toxicity are reported for selected populations of metastatic BC with FGFR aberrations. Current strategies to managing resistance to anti-FGFR agents is addressed, and the importance of developing reliable biomarkers as the therapeutic landscape moves towards an individualized therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Morales-Barrera
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Suárez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Macarena González
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Valverde
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Serra
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Mateo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Raventos
- Department of Urology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Maldonado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Morote
- Department of Urology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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118
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Heo MJ, Lee C, Choi SY, Choi YM, An IS, Bae S, An S, Jung JH. Nintedanib ameliorates animal model of dermatitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4493. [PMID: 32161331 PMCID: PMC7066145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nintedanib, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor has been developed as therapeutics for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and non-small lung cancer. We found that the expression levels of RTK, especially VEGFR1 is increased in skin biopsies of dermatitis patients from multiple independent datasets. Moreover, VEGFR1 is highly expressed by infiltrated cells in dermis from oxazolone (OXA) treated mice. Interestingly, nintedanib alleviates dermatitis symptom in OXA-induced animal model. Especially, levels of epidermis thickness, infiltrated immune cells including mast cells and eosinophils were decreased from mice cotreated with nintedanib and OXA compared with OXA treated mice. Moreover, serum IgE and Th2 cytokines including IL-4 and IL-13 were decreased by nintedanib treatment. These results suggest an evidence that nintedanib alleviates animal model of dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Heo
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea
| | - Chanmi Lee
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea
| | - Yeong Min Choi
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea
| | - In-Sook An
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Research Institute for Molecular-Targeted Drugs, Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Sungkwan An
- Research Institute for Molecular-Targeted Drugs, Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Jin Hyuk Jung
- Korea Institute of Dermatological Science, GeneCellPharm Corporation, 375 Munjeong 2(i)-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, South Korea.
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119
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Nowak AK, Brosseau S, Cook A, Zalcman G. Antiangiogeneic Strategies in Mesothelioma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:126. [PMID: 32133285 PMCID: PMC7040194 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a strong rationale for inhibiting angiogenesis in mesothelioma. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an autocrine growth factor in mesothelioma and a potent mitogen for mesothelial cells. Further, the abnormal tumor vasculature promotes raised interstitial pressure and hypoxia, which may be detrimental to both penetration and efficacy of anticancer agents. Antiangiogenic agents have been trialed in mesothelioma for close to two decades, with early phase clinical trials testing vascular targeting agents, the VEGF-A targeting monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, and numerous tyrosine kinase inhibitors, many with multiple targets. None of these have shown efficacy which has warranted further development as single agents in any line of therapy. Whilst a randomized phase II trial combining the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib with platinum/pemetrexed chemotherapy was positive, these results were not confirmed in a subsequent phase III study. The combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed with bevacizumab, in appropriately selected patients, remains the only anti-angiogenic combination showing efficacy in mesothelioma. Extensive efforts to identify biomarkers of response have not yet been successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Nowak
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Thoracic Oncology Department & CIC1425-CLIP2 Early Phase Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Medical Faculty, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity", Institute Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Alistair Cook
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Thoracic Oncology Department & CIC1425-CLIP2 Early Phase Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, University Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Medical Faculty, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity", Institute Curie Research Centre, Paris, France
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120
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Jiang N, Zhou Y, Zhu M, Zhang J, Cao M, Lei H, Guo M, Gong P, Su G, Zhai X. Optimization and evaluation of novel tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives as ATX inhibitors for cardiac and hepatic fibrosis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111904. [PMID: 31806537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to develop potent autotaxin (ATX) inhibitors for fibrosis diseases, a novel series of tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives was designed and synthesized based on our previous study. The enzymatic assay combined with anti-proliferative activities against cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) in vitro were applied for preliminary evaluation of anti-fibrosis potency of target compounds, resulting in two outstanding ATX inhibitors 8b and 10g with the IC50 values in a nanomolar range (24.6 and 15.3 nM). Differently, 8b was the most prominent compound against CFs with inhibition ratio of 81.5%, while 10g exhibited the maximum inhibition ratio of 83.7% against t-HSC/Cl-6 cells. In the further pharmacological evaluations in vivo, collagen deposition assay demonstrated the conspicuous capacity of 8b to suppress TGF-β-mediated cardiac fibrosis. Simultaneously, H&E and Masson stains assays of mice liver validated 10g as an excellent anti-hepatofibrosis candidate, which reduced CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis level prominently. Besides, the molecular binding models identified the essential interactions between 8b and ATX which was coincided with the SARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Minglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Junlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hongrui Lei
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guangyue Su
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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121
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Haak AJ, Ducharme MT, Diaz Espinosa AM, Tschumperlin DJ. Targeting GPCR Signaling for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Therapies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:172-182. [PMID: 32008852 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A variety of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, largely through their promotion of profibrotic fibroblast activation. By contrast, recent work has highlighted the beneficial effects of Gαs-coupled GPCRs on reducing fibroblast activation and fibrosis. This review highlights how fibrosis-promoting and -inhibiting GPCR signaling converges on downstream signaling and transcriptional effectors, and how the diversity and dynamics of GPCR expression challenge efforts to identify effective therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Next-generation strategies to overcome these challenges, focusing on target selection, polypharmacology, and personalized medicine approaches, are discussed as a path towards more effective GPCR-targeted therapies for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Merrick T Ducharme
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ana M Diaz Espinosa
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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122
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Valenzuela C, Torrisi SE, Kahn N, Quaresma M, Stowasser S, Kreuter M. Ongoing challenges in pulmonary fibrosis and insights from the nintedanib clinical programme. Respir Res 2020; 21:7. [PMID: 31906942 PMCID: PMC6945404 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The approvals of nintedanib and pirfenidone changed the treatment paradigm in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and increased our understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms. Nonetheless, many challenges and unmet needs remain in the management of patients with IPF and other progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases.This review describes how the nintedanib clinical programme has helped to address some of these challenges. Data from this programme have informed changes to the IPF diagnostic guidelines, the timing of treatment initiation, and the assessment of disease progression. The use of nintedanib to treat patients with advanced lung function impairment, concomitant emphysema, patients awaiting lung transplantation and patients with IPF and lung cancer is discussed. The long-term use of nintedanib and an up-to-date summary of nintedanib in clinical practice are discussed. Directions for future research, namely emerging therapeutic options, precision medicine and other progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases, are described.Further developments in these areas should continue to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Valenzuela
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi
- University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Kahn
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Quaresma
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Susanne Stowasser
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Translational Lung Research Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
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123
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Pasquini B, Orlandini S, Furlanetto S, Gotti R, Del Bubba M, Boscaro F, Bertaccini B, Douša M, Pieraccini G. Quality by Design as a risk-based strategy in pharmaceutical analysis: Development of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of nintedanib and its impurities. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1611:460615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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124
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Wu H, Gu X, Li J, Wang M, Li Y, Yuan L, Wang J, Ma E. Identification of potential platelet-derived growth factor receptor α inhibitors by computational screening and binding simulations. J Mol Graph Model 2019; 96:107527. [PMID: 31918319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) is considered as a promising target for the treatment of fibrotic diseases. In this study, two types of pharmacophore model, which generated by ligand-based and receptor-based method, were put forward to identify novel chemical entities as PDGFRα inhibitors. It was found that some pharmacophore characteristics established by the two approaches overlap each other. In order to elucidate detailed interactions, representative molecules were selected to predict the conformations and binding modes of the molecules by molecular docking method. The calculation results of binding free energy illustrated that the van der Waals energy and nonpolar solvation were the most prominent contribution to the interactions between the inhibitors and PDGFRα. To further verify the accuracy of the docking results and the stability of the complexes system, the binding modes of two potent PDGFRα inhibitors were examined by 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations. Herein, we reported the basic structural requirements of PDGFRα inhibitors for the first time through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Subsequently, the two pharmacophore models were used for virtual screening to query potential active molecules from Food and Drug Administration approved database. The hit molecules here might provide additional scaffolds for further optimization of PDGFRα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jinling Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yanchun Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Enlong Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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125
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Tello K, Seeger W, Naeije R, Vanderpool R, Ghofrani HA, Richter M, Tedford RJ, Bogaard HJ. Right heart failure in pulmonary hypertension: Diagnosis and new perspectives on vascular and direct right ventricular treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 178:90-107. [PMID: 31517994 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of right ventricular (RV) function to increased afterload-known as RV-arterial coupling-is a key determinant of prognosis in pulmonary hypertension. However, measurement of RV-arterial coupling is a complex, invasive process involving analysis of the RV pressure-volume relationship during preload reduction over multiple cardiac cycles. Simplified methods have therefore been proposed, including echocardiographic and cardiac MRI approaches. This review describes the available methods for assessment of RV function and RV-arterial coupling and the effects of pharmacotherapy on these variables. Overall, pharmacotherapies for pulmonary hypertension have shown beneficial effects on various measures of RV function, but it is often unclear if these are direct RV effects or indirect results of afterload reduction. Studies of the effects of pharmacotherapies on RV-arterial coupling are limited and mostly restricted to experimental models. Simplified methods to assess RV-arterial coupling should be validated and incorporated into routine clinical follow-up and future clinical trials. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khodr Tello
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Robert Naeije
- Physiology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Manuel Richter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Ryan J Tedford
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Harm J Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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126
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Zhou ZM, Wang YK, Yan DM, Fang JH, Xiao XR, Zhang T, Cheng Y, Xu KP, Li F. Metabolic profiling of tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib using metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 180:113045. [PMID: 31887668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nintedanib is a promising tyrosine kinase inhibitor for clinically treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Some clinical cases reported that nintedanib treatment can cause hepatotoxicity and myocardial toxicity. U. S. FDA warns the potential drug-drug interaction when it is co-administrated with other drugs. In order to understand the potential toxicity of nintedanib and avoid drug-drug interaction, the metabolism of nintedanib was systematically investigated in human liver microsomes and mice using metabolomics approach, and the toxicity of metabolites was predicted by ADMET lab. Nineteen metabolites were detected in vivo and in vitro metabolism, and 8 of them were undescribed. Calculated partition coefficients (Clog P) were used to distinguish the isomers of nintedanib metabolites in this study. The major metabolic pathways of nintedanib majorly included hydroxylation, demethylation, glucuronidation, and acetylation reactions. The ADMET prediction indicated that nintedanib was a substrate of the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). And nintedanib and most of its metabolites might possess potential hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. This study provided a global view of nintedanib metabolism, which could be used to understand the mechanism of adverse effects related to nintedanib and its potential drug-drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dong-Mei Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jian-He Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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127
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Synthesis and biological activity of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines as potent JAK3 inhibitors for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 28:115254. [PMID: 31866272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a serious and fatal lung disease, with a median survival of only 3-5 years from diagnosis. Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) has a well-established role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and autoimmune-related pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, through the use of a conformationally-constrained design strategy, a series of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines were synthesized as potent JAK3 inhibitors for the treatment of IPF. Among them, the most potent JAK3 inhibitor, namely 8e (IC50 = 1.38 nM), significantly reduced the degree of airsacculitis and fibrosis according to hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining assay for the lung tissue in the bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. The clear reduction of the lung collagen deposition by the determination of Masson and hydroxyproline (HYP) content also demonstrated its efficacy in the treatment of fibrosis. In addition, 8e also reduced the expression of the inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-17A, TNF-α and malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissue, which indicated its higher anti-inflammatory activity compared with that of the reference agents (nintedanib and gefitinib). Furthermore, it possessed low cytotoxicity against normal human bronchial epithelia (HBE) cells (IC50 > 39.0 μM) and C57BL mice. All these evaluated biological properties suggest that 8e may be a potential JAK3 inhibitor for the treatment of IPF.
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128
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Sun B, Liu X, Zheng X, Wang C, Meng Q, Sun H, Shu X, Liu K, Sun X, Li Y, Ma X. Novel Pyrimidines as Multitarget Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). ChemMedChem 2019; 15:182-187. [PMID: 31755225 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new class of pyrimidine derivatives were identified as potent protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Most of these small-molecule inhibitors displayed strong enzymatic activity against BTK and JAK3 kinases at concentrations lower than 10 nM. The representative compound N-(3-((5-chloro-2-(4-((1-morpholino)acetylamino)phenylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide (6 a) also exhibited high inhibitory potency toward both BTK and JAK kinase families, as well as ErbB4, at a concentration of 10 nM, achieving rates of inhibition higher than 57 %. Additionally, in vivo biological evaluations showed that 6 a can remarkably decrease the severity of IPF disease. All these investigations suggested that the multi-PTK inhibitor 6 a may serve as a promising agent for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Hematology, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116022, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Xiaohong Shu
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
| | - Xiuli Sun
- Department Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Hematology, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116022, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Department Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Hematology, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116022, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, College of Basic Medical Science, No. 9, West section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning Provence, 116044, China
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129
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Bigaeva E, Stribos EGD, Mutsaers HAM, Piersma B, Leliveld AM, de Jong IJ, Bank RA, Seelen MA, van Goor H, Wollin L, Olinga P, Boersema M. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling attenuates fibrogenesis in an ex vivo model of human renal fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 318:F117-F134. [PMID: 31736352 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00108.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor translation from animal studies to human clinical trials is one of the main hurdles in the development of new drugs. Here, we used precision-cut kidney slices (PCKS) as a translational model to study renal fibrosis and to investigate whether inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptors, with the selective inhibitor nintedanib, can halt fibrosis in murine and human PCKS. We used renal tissue of murine and human origins to obtain PCKS. Control slices and slices treated with nintedanib were studied to assess viability, activation of tyrosine kinase receptors, cell proliferation, collagen type I accumulation, and gene and protein regulation. During culture, PCKS spontaneously develop a fibrotic response that resembles in vivo fibrogenesis. Nintedanib blocked culture-induced phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Furthermore, nintedanib inhibited cell proliferation and reduced collagen type I accumulation and expression of fibrosis-related genes in healthy murine and human PCKS. Modulation of extracellular matrix homeostasis was achieved already at 0.1 μM, whereas high concentrations (1 and 5 μM) elicited possible nonselective effects. In PCKS from human diseased renal tissue, nintedanib showed limited capacity to reverse established fibrosis. In conclusion, nintedanib attenuated the onset of fibrosis in both murine and human PCKS by inhibiting the phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase receptors; however, the reversal of established fibrosis was not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Bigaeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G D Stribos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus A M Mutsaers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bram Piersma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M Leliveld
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Igle J de Jong
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Bank
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Seelen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Biberach, Germany
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Boersema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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130
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Distler JHW, Györfi AH, Ramanujam M, Whitfield ML, Königshoff M, Lafyatis R. Shared and distinct mechanisms of fibrosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2019; 15:705-730. [DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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131
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Marseglia G, Lodola A, Mor M, Castelli R. Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors: patent review (2015-2019). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:965-977. [PMID: 31679402 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1688300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family of tyrosine-kinase receptors whose signaling cascade regulates cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Deregulation of the FGFR pathway is recognized as a driving factor in tumor development. On this basis, FGFR is an attractive target for anti-cancer small-molecule therapeutic agents.Areas covered: This review summarizes patent and literature publications spanning from 2015 to 2019 pertaining to small-molecule FGFR kinase inhibitors.Expert opinion: The first generation of non-covalent FGFR inhibitors is characterized by a broad spectrum of activity and a relatively high toxicity profile. The second generation of FGFR inhibitors shows higher selectivity and a more favorable toxicity profile, but the clinical use appears restricted only to small subsets of cancers strongly dependent on FGFR signaling. Nevertheless, erdafitinib has been approved for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma, becoming the first marketed selective FGFR inhibitor. The insurgence of mutant kinases, resistant to available therapies, has led to the development of irreversible FGFR inhibitors. The adoption of safer and more selective covalent inhibitors might supersede reversible inhibitors in specific therapeutic areas. Alternative strategies, such as FGF trapping by protein or small-molecule therapeutics, deserve attention and further investigations to unravel their potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessio Lodola
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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132
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Bisht GS, Gnanaprakasam B. Transition-Metal-Free Addition Reaction for the Synthesis of 3-(Aminobenzylidene/aminoalkylidene)indolin-2-ones and Its Synthetic Applications. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13516-13527. [PMID: 31556607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient transition-metal-free approach for the exclusive synthesis of Z-3-(aminobenzylidene/aminoalkylidene)indolin-2-ones in high yield from 2-oxindole and aryl/alkyl nitrile in the presence of LiOtBu and 2,2'-bipyridine system is described. In addition, we disclosed a new approach towards the metal-free fluorination using selectfluor and the C═C bond cleavage using CuI and environmentally benign O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Singh Bisht
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune 411008 , India
| | - Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Pune 411008 , India
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133
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Deng D, Pei H, Lan T, Zhu J, Tang M, Xue L, Yang Z, Zheng S, Ye H, Chen L. Synthesis and discovery of new compounds bearing coumarin scaffold for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111790. [PMID: 31699535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by excess accumulation of extracellular matrix, involved in many chronic diseases or injuries, threatens human health greatly. We have reported a series of compounds bearing coumarin scaffold which potently inhibited TGF-β-induced total collagen accumulation in NRK-49F cell line and migration of macrophages. Compound 9d also suppressed the TGF-β-induced protein expression of COL1A1, α-SMA, and p-Smad3 in vitro. Meanwhile, 9d at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day through oral administrations for 4 weeks effectively alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue and fibrotic degree in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model, which may related to its inhibition of TGF-β/Smad3 pathway and anti-inflammation efficacy. In addition, 9d demonstrated decent bioavailability (F = 39.88%) and suitable eliminated half-life time (T1/2 = 13.09 h), suggesting that 9d could be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Heying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingxuan Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linlin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shoujun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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134
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Wongkarnjana A, Yanagihara T, Kolb MR. Treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with Nintedanib: an update. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:1139-1146. [PMID: 31564185 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1673733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an incurable, progressive and debilitating disease. Nintedanib is one of two anti-fibrotic therapies available for the treatment of IPF and has been approved since 2014. Together with pirfenidone and antacid medications it has received a conditional recommendation for the treatment for IPF by international clinical practice guidelines.Areas covered: The authors review the mechanisms of action, pharmacological profile and update scientific data and our opinions on efficacy, safety profile and tolerability of nintedanib.Expert opinion: Nintedanib significantly slows disease progression in IPF patients with tolerable and manageable side effects. Its potential future role in the treatment of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases other than IPF is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amornpun Wongkarnjana
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Research Institute at St Joseph's Healthcare, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Toyoshi Yanagihara
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Research Institute at St Joseph's Healthcare, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Rj Kolb
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Research Institute at St Joseph's Healthcare, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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135
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Current advances in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: the pathogenesis, therapeutic strategies and candidate molecules. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2595-2620. [PMID: 31633402 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2019-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a type of chronic, progressive lung disease with unknown cause, which is characterized by increasing dyspnea and destruction of lung function with a high mortality rate. Evolving evidence demonstrated that the pathogenesis of IPF involved multiple signaling pathways such as inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. However, drug discovery to prevent or revert IPF has been insufficient to cope with the development. Drug discovery targeting multiple links should be considered. In this review, we will brief the pathogenesis of IPF and discuss several small chemical entities toward the pathogenesis for IPF studied in animal models and clinical trials. The field of novel anti-IPF agents and the future directions for the prevention and treatment of IPF are detailed thoroughly discussed.
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136
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Zhang Y, Zong X, Ji M. An iodine-promoted one-pot and metal-free access to indolin-2-ones. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819875862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of indolin-2-ones has been realized by an I2-promoted oxidative reaction from 1,2,3,3-tetramethyl-3 H-indolium iodides. This transformation proceeded smoothly under metal-free and peroxide-free conditions in a cascade manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Zong
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Technologies & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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137
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Richter MJ, Ewert J, Grimminger F, Ghofrani HA, Kojonazarov B, Petrovic A, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Tello K, Gall H. Nintedanib in Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 198:808-810. [PMID: 29763335 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201801-0195le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Richter
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Ewert
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Khodr Tello
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
| | - Henning Gall
- 1 Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, member of the German Centre for Lung Research Giessen, Germany
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138
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Peyser R, MacDonnell S, Gao Y, Cheng L, Kim Y, Kaplan T, Ruan Q, Wei Y, Ni M, Adler C, Zhang W, Devalaraja-Narashimha K, Grindley J, Halasz G, Morton L. Defining the Activated Fibroblast Population in Lung Fibrosis Using Single-Cell Sequencing. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 61:74-85. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0313oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Peyser
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Yinglin Gao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Luis Cheng
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Yong Kim
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Theodore Kaplan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Qin Ruan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Yi Wei
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Christina Adler
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Wen Zhang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Justin Grindley
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Gabor Halasz
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Lori Morton
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated, Tarrytown, New York
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139
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Liu F, Bayliss G, Zhuang S. Application of nintedanib and other potential anti-fibrotic agents in fibrotic diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1309-1320. [PMID: 31217321 PMCID: PMC7480985 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nintedanib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for the treatment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPK), inhibits both tyrosine kinase receptors and non-receptor kinases, and block activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptors, fibroblast growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, and Src family kinases. Preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the potent anti-fibrotic effect of nintedanib in IPK in human and animal models. Recent preclinical studies have also demonstrated the inhibitory effect of nintedanib on the development and progression of tissue fibrosis in other organs, including liver, kidney, and skin. The anti-fibrotic actions of nintedanib occur through a number of mechanisms, including blocking differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and suppression of inflammation and angiogenesis. In this article, we summarize the mechanisms and efficacy of nintedanib in the treatment of fibrotic diseases in animal models and clinical trials, provide an update on recent advances in the development of other novel antifibrotic agents in preclinical and clinical study, and offer our perspective about the possible clinical application of these agents in fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - George Bayliss
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A
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140
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Meleddu R, Petrikaite V, Distinto S, Arridu A, Angius R, Serusi L, Škarnulytė L, Endriulaitytė U, Paškevičiu̅tė M, Cottiglia F, Gaspari M, Taverna D, Deplano S, Fois B, Maccioni E. Investigating the Anticancer Activity of Isatin/Dihydropyrazole Hybrids. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:571-576. [PMID: 30996798 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of isatin-dihydropyrazole hybrids have been synthesized in order to assess their potential as anticancer agents. In particular, 12 compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity toward A549, IGR39, U87, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, BT474, BxPC-3, SKOV-3, and H1299 cell lines, and human foreskin fibroblasts. Four compounds exhibited interesting antiproliferative activity and were further examined to determine their EC50 values toward a panel of selected tumor cell lines. The best compounds were then investigated for their induced mechanism of cell death. Preliminary structure-activity relationship indicates that the presence of a substituent such as a chlorine atom or a methyl moiety in position 5 of the isatin nucleus is beneficial for the antitumor activity. EMAC4001 proved the most promising compound within the studied series with EC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 0.38 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Meleddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simona Distinto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonella Arridu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rossella Angius
- Laboratorio NMR e Tecnologie Bioanalitiche, Sardegna Ricerche, Pula, 09010 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Serusi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Škarnulytė
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ugnė Endriulaitytė
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Miglė Paškevičiu̅tė
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Taverna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Serenella Deplano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Fois
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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141
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Nair PC, McKinnon RA, Miners JO. Computational Prediction of the Site(s) of Metabolism and Binding Modes of Protein Kinase Inhibitors Metabolized by CYP3A4. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:616-631. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.085167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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142
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Le BT, Raguraman P, Kosbar TR, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Veedu RN. Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Angiogenic Factors as Potential Cancer Therapeutics. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:142-157. [PMID: 30594893 PMCID: PMC6307321 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and conventional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy do not address the underlying molecular pathologies, leading to inadequate treatment and tumor recurrence. Angiogenic factors, such as EGF, PDGF, bFGF, TGF-β, TGF-α, VEGF, endoglin, and angiopoietins, play important roles in regulating tumor development and metastasis, and they serve as potential targets for developing cancer therapeutics. Nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies have received significant attention in the last two decades, and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated intervention is a prominent therapeutic approach for targeted manipulation of gene expression. Clinical benefits of antisense oligonucleotides have been recognized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with full or conditional approval of Vitravene, Kynamro, Exondys51, and Spinraza. Herein we review the scope of antisense oligonucleotides that target angiogenic factors toward tackling solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao T Le
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Prithi Raguraman
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tamer R Kosbar
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susan Fletcher
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rakesh N Veedu
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
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143
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Förster S, Koziol U, Schäfer T, Duvoisin R, Cailliau K, Vanderstraete M, Dissous C, Brehm K. The role of fibroblast growth factor signalling in Echinococcus multilocularis development and host-parasite interaction. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0006959. [PMID: 30849083 PMCID: PMC6426264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal zoonosis caused by the metacestode larva of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. The infection is characterized by tumour-like growth of the metacestode within the host liver, leading to extensive fibrosis and organ-failure. The molecular mechanisms of parasite organ tropism towards the liver and influences of liver cytokines and hormones on parasite development are little studied to date. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We show that the E. multilocularis larval stage expresses three members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor family with homology to human FGF receptors. Using the Xenopus expression system we demonstrate that all three Echinococcus FGF receptors are activated in response to human acidic and basic FGF, which are present in the liver. In all three cases, activation could be prevented by addition of the tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor BIBF 1120, which is used to treat human cancer. At physiological concentrations, acidic and basic FGF significantly stimulated the formation of metacestode vesicles from parasite stem cells in vitro and supported metacestode growth. Furthermore, the parasite's mitogen activated protein kinase signalling system was stimulated upon addition of human FGF. The survival of metacestode vesicles and parasite stem cells were drastically affected in vitro in the presence of BIBF 1120. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our data indicate that mammalian FGF, which is present in the liver and upregulated during fibrosis, supports the establishment of the Echinococcus metacestode during AE by acting on an evolutionarily conserved parasite FGF signalling system. These data are valuable for understanding molecular mechanisms of organ tropism and host-parasite interaction in AE. Furthermore, our data indicate that the parasite's FGF signalling systems are promising targets for the development of novel drugs against AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Förster
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uriel Koziol
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany
- Universidad de la República, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Biología Celular, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Tina Schäfer
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Duvoisin
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katia Cailliau
- CNRS UMR 8576, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Asq, France
| | - Mathieu Vanderstraete
- Center for Infection and Immunology of Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS-UMR 8204, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Colette Dissous
- Center for Infection and Immunology of Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS-UMR 8204, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Klaus Brehm
- University of Würzburg, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, Würzburg, Germany
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144
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Hikawa H, Matsuura Y, Kikkawa S, Azumaya I. Platinum( ii)-catalyzed dehydrative C3-benzylation of electron-deficient indoles with benzyl alcohols. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00831d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy for the water-promoted direct dehydrative coupling of indoles with benzyl alcohols catalyzed by PtCl2(PhCN)2 in 1,2-dichloroethane has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Hikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Toho University
- Chiba 274-8510
- Japan
| | - Yuuki Matsuura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Toho University
- Chiba 274-8510
- Japan
| | - Shoko Kikkawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Toho University
- Chiba 274-8510
- Japan
| | - Isao Azumaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Toho University
- Chiba 274-8510
- Japan
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145
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Richeldi L, Varone F, Bergna M, de Andrade J, Falk J, Hallowell R, Jouneau S, Kondoh Y, Morrow L, Randerath W, Strek M, Tabaj G. Pharmacological management of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: a review of the current evidence. Eur Respir Rev 2018; 27:27/150/180074. [PMID: 30578333 PMCID: PMC9488647 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0074-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A proportion of patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are at risk of developing a progressive-fibrosing phenotype, which is associated with a deterioration in lung function and early mortality. In addition to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), fibrosing ILDs that may present a progressive phenotype include idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, connective tissue disease-associated ILDs, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, ILDs related to other occupational exposures and sarcoidosis. Corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive therapies are sometimes prescribed to patients with these diseases. However, this treatment regimen may not be effective, adequate on its own or well tolerated, suggesting that there is a pressing need for efficacious and better tolerated therapies. Currently, the only approved treatments to slow disease progression in patients with IPF are nintedanib and pirfenidone. Similarities in pathobiological mechanisms leading to fibrosis between IPF and other ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype provide a rationale to suggest that nintedanib and pirfenidone may be therapeutic options for patients with the latter diseases. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic options currently available for patients with fibrosing ILDs, including fibrosing ILDs that may present a progressive phenotype, and explores the status of the randomised controlled trials that are underway to determine the efficacy and safety of nintedanib and pirfenidone. Aside from IPF, there are no proven therapies for other ILDs with a progressive-fibrosing phenotype that are effective and have tolerable adverse effects. Clinical studies evaluating the benefits of antifibrotic therapy in these populations are underway.http://ow.ly/40yL30mOs0q
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Richeldi
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Varone
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel Bergna
- Centro Médico de Enfermedades, Respiratorias, Florida, Vicente López, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jeremy Falk
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Hallowell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stéphane Jouneau
- Respiratory Diseases Dept, Hôpital Pontchaillou, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Lee Morrow
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Winfried Randerath
- Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Bethanien Hospital, Solingen, Germany
| | - Mary Strek
- Dept of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gabriela Tabaj
- Pulmonary Medicine, Cetrángolo Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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146
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Englinger B, Kallus S, Senkiv J, Laemmerer A, Moser P, Gabler L, Groza D, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Grusch M, Berger W. Lysosomal Sequestration Impairs the Activity of the Preclinical FGFR Inhibitor PD173074. Cells 2018; 7:E259. [PMID: 30544798 PMCID: PMC6315953 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of intracellular pharmacokinetics of anticancer agents is imperative for understanding drug efficacy as well as intrinsic and acquired cellular resistance mechanisms. However, the factors driving subcellular drug distribution are complex and poorly understood. Here, we describe for the first time the intrinsic fluorescence properties of the fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor PD1703074 as well as utilization of this physicochemical feature to investigate intracellular accumulation and compartmentalization of this compound in human lung cancer cells. Cell-free PD173074 fluorescence, intracellular accumulation and distribution were investigated using analytical chemistry and molecular biology approaches. Analyses on a subcellular scale revealed selective drug accumulation in lysosomes. Coincubation with inhibitors of lysosomal acidification strongly enhanced PD173074-mediated fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibition and cytotoxicity. In conclusion, intrinsic fluorescence enables analysis of molecular factors influencing intracellular pharmacokinetics of PD173074. Lysosome-alkalinizing agents might represent candidates for rational combination treatment, preventing cancer cell-intrinsic PD173074 resistance based on lysosomal trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sebastian Kallus
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Senkiv
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Anna Laemmerer
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patrick Moser
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lisa Gabler
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Diana Groza
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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147
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Pratap K, Kumar A. Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Dehydrogenative Carboamination of Alkenes with Amines and N-Substituted Isatin. Org Lett 2018; 20:7451-7454. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kemant Pratap
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow-226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow-226031, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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148
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Zeinali S, Bichsel CA, Hobi N, Funke M, Marti TM, Schmid RA, Guenat OT, Geiser T. Human microvasculature-on-a chip: anti-neovasculogenic effect of nintedanib in vitro. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:861-871. [PMID: 29967964 PMCID: PMC6208892 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by a progressive scarring and stiffening of the peripheral lung tissue that decreases lung function. Over the course of the disease, the lung microvasculature undergoes extensive remodeling. There is increased angiogenesis around fibrotic foci and an absence of microvessels within the foci. To elucidate how the anti-fibrotic drug nintedanib acts on vascular remodeling, we used an in vitro model of perfusable microvessels made with primary endothelial cells and primary lung fibroblasts in a microfluidic chip. The microvasculature model allowed us to study the impact of nintedanib on permeability, vascularized area, and cell-cell interactions. The anti-vasculogenic impact of nintedanib was visible at the minimal concentrations of 10 nM, showing a significant increase in vessel permeability. Furthermore, nintedanib decreased microvessel density, diameter, and influenced fibroblast organization around endothelial microvessels. These results show that nintedanib acts on the endothelial network formation and endothelial-perivascular interactions. Advanced in vitro microvasculature models may thus serve to pinpoint the mechanistic effect of anti-fibrotic drugs on the microvascular remodeling in 3D and refine findings from animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Zeinali
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies Laboratory, ARTORG Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Colette A Bichsel
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nina Hobi
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies Laboratory, ARTORG Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Funke
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Marti
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ralph A Schmid
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Olivier T Guenat
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies Laboratory, ARTORG Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Geiser
- Organs-on-Chip Technologies Laboratory, ARTORG Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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149
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Pasciuto G, Inchingolo R, Condoluci C, Magnini D, Iovene B, Richeldi L. Approved and Experimental Therapies for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. CURRENT PULMONOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13665-018-0209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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150
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Bisht GS, Pandey AM, Chaudhari MB, Agalave SG, Kanyal A, Karmodiya K, Gnanaprakasam B. Ru-Catalyzed dehydrogenative synthesis of antimalarial arylidene oxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7223-7229. [PMID: 30255181 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ru(ii)-NHC catalyzes α-olefination of 2-oxindoles using diaryl methanols in the absence of an acceptor. A wide array of symmetrical and unsymmetrical diaryl methanols undergoes dehydrogenative coupling with 2-oxindole selectively to generate various substituted 3-(diphenylmethylene)indolin-2-one derivatives in good yields and produces environmentally benign by-products, H2 and H2O. This methodology was successfully applied for the synthesis of a bioactive drug i.e. TAS-301. The biological activities of the synthesized 3-(diphenylmethylene)indolin-2-one derivatives were screened against the Plasmodium falciparum parasite and found to exhibit a significant activity with IC50 = 2.24 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Singh Bisht
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune-411008, India.
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