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STAT3 and p53: Dual Target for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120637. [PMID: 33371351 PMCID: PMC7767392 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is considered the "guardian of the genome" that can protect cells against cancer by inducing cell cycle arrest followed by cell death. However, STAT3 is constitutively activated in several human cancers and plays crucial roles in promoting cancer cell proliferation and survival. Hence, STAT3 and p53 have opposing roles in cellular pathway regulation, as activation of STAT3 upregulates the survival pathway, whereas p53 triggers the apoptotic pathway. Constitutive activation of STAT3 and gain or loss of p53 function due to mutations are the most frequent events in numerous cancer types. Several studies have reported the association of STAT3 and/or p53 mutations with drug resistance in cancer treatment. This review discusses the relationship between STAT3 and p53 status in cancer, the molecular mechanism underlying the negative regulation of p53 by STAT3, and vice versa. Moreover, it underlines prospective therapies targeting both STAT3 and p53 to enhance chemotherapeutic outcomes.
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102
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Pavlakis E, Neumann M, Stiewe T. Extracellular Vesicles: Messengers of p53 in Tumor-Stroma Communication and Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249648. [PMID: 33348923 PMCID: PMC7766631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression to a metastatic and ultimately lethal stage relies on a tumor-supporting microenvironment that is generated by reciprocal communication between tumor and stromal host cells. The tumor–stroma crosstalk is instructed by the genetic alterations of the tumor cells—the most frequent being mutations in the gene Tumor protein p53 (TP53) that are clinically correlated with metastasis, drug resistance and poor patient survival. The crucial mediators of tumor–stroma communication are tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), in particular exosomes, which operate both locally within the primary tumor and in distant organs, at pre-metastatic niches as the future sites of metastasis. Here, we review how wild-type and mutant p53 proteins control the secretion, size, and especially the RNA and protein cargo of tumor-derived EVs. We highlight how EVs extend the cell-autonomous tumor suppressive activity of wild-type p53 into the tumor microenvironment (TME), and how mutant p53 proteins switch EVs into oncogenic messengers that reprogram tumor–host communication within the entire organism so as to promote metastatic tumor cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Pavlakis
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University, 35034 Marburg, Germany; (E.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Michelle Neumann
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University, 35034 Marburg, Germany; (E.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University, 35034 Marburg, Germany; (E.P.); (M.N.)
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Philipps University, 35034 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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103
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D'Souza LC, Mishra S, Chakraborty A, Shekher A, Sharma A, Gupta SC. Oxidative Stress and Cancer Development: Are Noncoding RNAs the Missing Links? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:1209-1229. [PMID: 31891666 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: It is now clear that genetic changes underlie the basis of cancer, and alterations in functions of multiple genes are responsible for the process of tumorigenesis. Besides the classical genes that are usually implicated in cancer, the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as independent entitites has also been investigated. Recent Advances: The microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), two main classes of ncRNAs, are known to regulate many aspects of tumor development. ROS, generated during oxidative stress and pathological conditions, are known to regulate every step of tumor development. Conversely, oxidative stress and ROS producing agents can suppress tumor development. The malignant cells normally produce high levels of ROS compared with normal cells. The interaction between ROS and ncRNAs regulates the expression of multiple genes and pathways implicated in cancer, suggesting a unique mechanistic relationship among ncRNA-ROS-cancer. The mechanistic relationship has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and malignancies of blood, breast, colorectum, esophagus, kidney, lung, mouth, ovary, pancreas, prostate, and stomach. The ncRNA-ROS regulate several cancer-related cell signaling pathways, namely, protein kinase B (AKT), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p53, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), and wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β). Critical Issues: To date, most of the reports about ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis relationships are based on cell lines. The mechanistic basis for this relationship has not been completely elucidated. Future Directions: Attempts should be made to explore the association of lncRNAs with ROS. The significance of the ncRNA-oxidative stress-carcinogenesis interplay should also be explored through studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Clinton D'Souza
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Anusmita Shekher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Division of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangaluru, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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104
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Ghaleb A, Padellan M, Marchenko N. Mutant p53 drives the loss of heterozygosity by the upregulation of Nek2 in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:133. [PMID: 33267874 PMCID: PMC7709447 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in one allele of the TP53 gene in early stages are frequently followed by the loss of the remaining wild-type p53 (wtp53) allele (p53LOH) during tumor progression. Despite the strong notion of p53LOH as a critical step in tumor progression, its oncogenic outcomes that facilitate the selective pressure for p53LOH occurrence were not elucidated. METHODS Using MMTV;ErbB2 mouse model of breast cancer carrying heterozygous R172H p53 mutation, we identified a novel gain-of-function (GOF) activity of mutant p53 (mutp53): the exacerbated loss of wtp53 allele in response to γ-irradiation. RESULTS As consequences of p53LOH in mutp53 heterozygous cells, we observed profound stabilization of mutp53 protein, the loss of p21 expression, the abrogation of G2/M checkpoint, chromosomal instability, centrosome amplification, and transcriptional upregulation of mitotic kinase Nek2 (a member of Never in Mitosis (NIMA) Kinases family) involved in the regulation of centrosome function. To avoid the mitotic catastrophe in the absence of G2/M checkpoint, cells with centrosome amplification adapt Nek2-mediated centrosomes clustering as pro-survival mutp53 GOF mechanism enabling unrestricted proliferation and clonal expansion of cells with p53LOH. Thus, the clonal dominance of mutp53 cells with p53LOH may represent the mechanism of irradiation-induced p53LOH. We show that pharmacological and genetic ablation of Nek2 decreases centrosome clustering and viability of specifically mutp53 cells with p53LOH. CONCLUSION In a heterogeneous tumor population, Nek2 inhibition may alter the selective pressure for p53LOH by contraction of the mutp53 population with p53LOH, thus, preventing the outgrowth of genetically unstable, more aggressive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ghaleb
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8691, USA.
| | - Malik Padellan
- Biologics Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, 07033, USA
| | - Natalia Marchenko
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8691, USA
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105
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Perez-Fidalgo JA. Cell proliferation inhibitors and apoptosis promoters. EJC Suppl 2020; 15:73-76. [PMID: 33240445 PMCID: PMC7573461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcsup.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterised by uncontrolled proliferation and prolonged cell survival. In some cases, tumour formation is the result from aberrant activity of various cell-cycle regulators leading to chromosome instability or from alteration of the apoptosis pathway. Ovarian cancer is an entity in which cell-cycle alterations are common. P53, a key regulator of checkpoint G1, is frequently altered in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Targeting cell-cycle regulators will lead to mitotic catastrophe and cell death in these tumours. Promoting apoptosis is another target that is gaining interest in ovarian cancer. In this review, the most relevant evidence of clinical studies in ovarian cancer with compounds targeting cell cycle or promoting apoptosis is summarised. • Cell cycle and apotosis pathways are relevant targets that are gaining interest in the treatment of ovarian cancer. • Wee-1 inhibitors have shown clinical activity in a phase II in refractory of resistant ovarian cancer harbouring TP53 mutations. • P53 modulators are a new family of compounds that are currently under clinical development. • CHK1 inhibitors and apoptosis promoters or modulators are promising compounds.
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106
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Liu Z, Chen Y, Gao H, Xu W, Zhang C, Lai J, Liu X, Sun Y, Huang H. Berberine Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Interfering with Wild-Type and Mutant P53 in Human Glioma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12151-12162. [PMID: 33262612 PMCID: PMC7699991 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s279002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor. TP53 is the most common mutant gene in human cancer. Wild-type p53 (wtp53) is a tumor suppressor protein whereas mutant p53 (mutp53) is an oncoprotein that promotes tumor cell proliferation. Our aim was to examine the inhibitory effects of berberine on the proliferation of human glioma cells via regulation of wtp53, mutp53, and their downstream molecules. Methods We selected wtp53 cells (U87 cells) and mutp53 cells (U251 cells termed p53 R273H) to examine the inhibitory effects of berberine on human glioma cells. We used the CCK-8 kit to detect the toxic effect of berberine. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of berberine. Clone formation test was used to test the inhibitory effect of berberine on the proliferation of glioma cells. Western blot was used to detect the changes of related proteins such as p53, p-p53, p21 and cyclin D1. Lentivirus transduction was used to transduce wild-type p53 into U251 cells to further examine the effect of berberine. The nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model was used to detect the effect of berberine on inhibiting the proliferation of glioma cells in vivo. Results Berberine promoted the phosphorylation of wtp53, increased the expression of p21 protein, reduced cyclin D1 content, and caused G1 phase arrest in U87 cells. Berberine also reduced mutp53 content and caused G2 phase arrest in U251 cells with a concurrent decrease in p21, cyclin D1, and cyclin B1 content. Transduction with wtp53 enhanced the effects on cell cycle arrest. Further, berberine significantly inhibited glioma growth in vivo mouse tumor model. Discussion Glioma is a group of heterogeneous brain tumors with unique biological and clinical characteristics. Berberine can inhibit glioma cells through a variety of ways. Our research indicated that berberine inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells by interfering with wtp53 and mutp53. This indicates that berberine could be used as a potential drug to treat wild-type and mutant p53 glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxue Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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107
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Feroz W, Sheikh AMA. Exploring the multiple roles of guardian of the genome: P53. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundCells have evolved balanced mechanisms to protect themselves by initiating a specific response to a variety of stress. TheTP53gene, encoding P53 protein, is one of the many widely studied genes in human cells owing to its multifaceted functions and complex dynamics. The tumour-suppressing activity of P53 plays a principal role in the cellular response to stress. The majority of the human cancer cells exhibit the inactivation of the P53 pathway. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in P53 research with particular focus on the role of P53 in DNA damage responses, apoptosis, autophagy, and cellular metabolism. We also discussed important P53-reactivation strategies that can play a crucial role in cancer therapy and the role of P53 in various diseases.Main bodyWe used electronic databases like PubMed and Google Scholar for literature search. In response to a variety of cellular stress such as genotoxic stress, ischemic stress, oncogenic expression, P53 acts as a sensor, and suppresses tumour development by promoting cell death or permanent inhibition of cell proliferation. It controls several genes that play a role in the arrest of the cell cycle, cellular senescence, DNA repair system, and apoptosis. P53 plays a crucial role in supporting DNA repair by arresting the cell cycle to purchase time for the repair system to restore genome stability. Apoptosis is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and tumour suppression. P53 can induce apoptosis in a genetically unstable cell by interacting with many pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors.Furthermore, P53 can activate autophagy, which also plays a role in tumour suppression. P53 also regulates many metabolic pathways of glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thus under mild metabolic stress, P53 contributes to the cell’s ability to adapt to and survive the stress.ConclusionThese multiple levels of regulation enable P53 to perform diversified roles in many cell responses. Understanding the complete function of P53 is still a work in progress because of the inherent complexity involved in between P53 and its target proteins. Further research is required to unravel the mystery of this Guardian of the genome “TP53”.
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108
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Zhu G, Pan C, Bei JX, Li B, Liang C, Xu Y, Fu X. Mutant p53 in Cancer Progression and Targeted Therapies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:595187. [PMID: 33240819 PMCID: PMC7677253 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.595187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor gene in human cancer. The majority of mutations of p53 are missense mutations, leading to the expression of the full length p53 mutant proteins. Mutant p53 (Mutp53) proteins not only lose wild-type p53-dependent tumor suppressive functions, but also frequently acquire oncogenic gain-of-functions (GOF) that promote tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the oncogenic GOF of mutp53 and the potential therapies targeting mutp53 in human cancers. In particular, we discuss the promising drugs that are currently under clinical trials as well as the emerging therapeutic strategies, including CRISPR/Cas9 based genome edition of mutant TP53 allele, small peptide mediated restoration of wild-type p53 function, and immunotherapies that directly eliminate mutp53 expressing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Zhu
- Postdoctoral Research Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Chaoyun Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Xuemei Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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109
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Monti P, Menichini P, Speciale A, Cutrona G, Fais F, Taiana E, Neri A, Bomben R, Gentile M, Gattei V, Ferrarini M, Morabito F, Fronza G. Heterogeneity of TP53 Mutations and P53 Protein Residual Function in Cancer: Does It Matter? Front Oncol 2020; 10:593383. [PMID: 33194757 PMCID: PMC7655923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.593383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human TP53 locus, located on the short arm of chromosome 17, encodes a tumour suppressor protein which functions as a tetrameric transcription factor capable of regulating the expression of a plethora of target genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, autophagy, and metabolism regulation. TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer cells and TP53 germ-line mutations are responsible for the cancer-prone Li-Fraumeni syndrome. When mutated, the TP53 gene generally presents missense mutations, which can be distributed throughout the coding sequence, although they are found most frequently in the central DNA binding domain of the protein. TP53 mutations represent an important prognostic and predictive marker in cancer. The presence of a TP53 mutation does not necessarily imply a complete P53 inactivation; in fact, mutant P53 proteins are classified based on the effects on P53 protein function. Different models have been used to explore these never-ending facets of TP53 mutations, generating abundant experimental data on their functional impact. Here, we briefly review the studies analysing the consequences of TP53 mutations on P53 protein function and their possible implications for clinical outcome. The focus shall be on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), which also has generated considerable discussion on the role of TP53 mutations for therapy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Monti
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Menichini
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Speciale
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Fais
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bomben
- Clinical and Experimental Onco-Haematology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, I.R.C.C.S., Aviano, Italy
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera (AO) di Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Valter Gattei
- Clinical and Experimental Onco-Haematology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, I.R.C.C.S., Aviano, Italy
| | - Manlio Ferrarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- Unità di Ricerca Biotecnologica, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Cosenza, Aprigliano, Italy.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Augusta Victoria Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilberto Fronza
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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110
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LINC00460-miR-149-5p/miR-150-5p-Mutant p53 Feedback Loop Promotes Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:1004-1015. [PMID: 33251049 PMCID: PMC7679243 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin resistance is a major challenge in the clinical treatment for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis and progression as critical regulators, while their potential roles in chemoresistance are poorly understood. In this study, we report that the LINC00460-miR-149-5p/miR-150-5p-mutant p53 feedback loop is responsible for oxaliplatin resistance in CRC. First, LINC00460 was found to exhibit higher expression in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC (CRC/OxR) cells compared with parental oxaliplatin-sensitive ones, and this expression pattern depends on mutant p53 (SW480/OxR), not wild-type p53 (HCT116/OxR). Oxaliplatin-induced LINC00460 in SW480/OxR cells was mainly located in the cytoplasm and was associated with AGO2 protein. LINC00460 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to promote oxaliplatin resistance through sequestering miR-149-5p/miR-150-5p and upregulating the expression of the microRNA (miRNA) target p53. Knockdown of LINC00460 sensitized SW480/OxR cells to oxaliplatin by modulating p53 in vitro and in vivo. In turn, mutant p53 positively regulated the expression of LINC00460, thus forming a feedback loop. Clinical data showed that LINC00460 was upregulated in CRC tissues compared with paired normal tissues and was significantly correlated with clinical stage and node (N) status. Our findings uncover a mechanism for the LINC00460-miR-149-5p/miR-150-5p-mutant p53 feedback loop in oxaliplatin resistance of CRC, and they provide potential therapeutic targets for tumor chemoresistance.
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111
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Ashrafizadeh M, Bakhoda MR, Bahmanpour Z, Ilkhani K, Zarrabi A, Makvandi P, Khan H, Mazaheri S, Darvish M, Mirzaei H. Apigenin as Tumor Suppressor in Cancers: Biotherapeutic Activity, Nanodelivery, and Mechanisms With Emphasis on Pancreatic Cancer. Front Chem 2020; 8:829. [PMID: 33195038 PMCID: PMC7593821 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its propensity for early local and distant spread, affected patients possess extremely poor prognosis. Currently applied treatments are not effective enough to eradicate all cancer cells, and minimize their migration. Besides, these treatments are associated with adverse effects on normal cells and organs. These therapies are not able to increase the overall survival rate of patients; hence, finding novel adjuvants or alternatives is so essential. Up to now, medicinal herbs were utilized for therapeutic goals. Herbal-based medicine, as traditional biotherapeutics, were employed for cancer treatment. Of them, apigenin, as a bioactive flavonoid that possesses numerous biological properties (e.g., anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects), has shown substantial anticancer activity. It seems that apigenin is capable of suppressing the proliferation of cancer cells via the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Besides, apigenin inhibits metastasis via down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and the Akt signaling pathway. In pancreatic cancer cells, apigenin sensitizes cells in chemotherapy, and affects molecular pathways such as the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1). Herein, the biotherapeutic activity of apigenin and its mechanisms toward cancer cells are presented in the current review to shed some light on anti-tumor activity of apigenin in different cancers, with an emphasis on pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bakhoda
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Samaneh Mazaheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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112
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Li G, Tian Y, Zhu WG. The Roles of Histone Deacetylases and Their Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576946. [PMID: 33117804 PMCID: PMC7552186 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations and abnormal gene regulation are key mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. Nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wrapped around histone cores, represent the basic units of chromatin. The fifth amino group (Nε) of histone lysine residues is a common site for post-translational modifications (PTMs), and of these, acetylation is the second most common. Histone acetylation is modulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), and is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Over the past two decades, numerous studies characterizing HDACs and HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have provided novel and exciting insights concerning their underlying biological mechanisms and potential anti-cancer treatments. In this review, we detail the diverse structures of HDACs and their underlying biological functions, including transcriptional regulation, metabolism, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein degradation, immunity and other several physiological processes. We also highlight potential avenues to use HDACi as novel, precision cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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113
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Huang L, Jiang XL, Liang HB, Li JC, Chin LH, Wei JP, Wang RR, Cai J, Xiong Q, Wang LT, Cram DS, Liu AW. Genetic profiling of primary and secondary tumors from patients with lung adenocarcinoma and bone metastases reveals targeted therapy options. Mol Med 2020; 26:88. [PMID: 32942985 PMCID: PMC7499871 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients newly diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma with bone metastases (LABM) have poor survival rates after treatment with conventional therapies. To improve outcomes, we retrospectively investigated whether the application of a more comprehensive genetic test of tumor biopsies samples from LABM patients could provide the basis for treatment with more effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) regimens. Methods Fine needle biopsies were taken from the primary tumor (PT) and a secondary bone metastasis (BM) of 17 LABM patients before treatment. Simple genetic profiles for selecting therapies were initially obtained using an ARMS-PCR test for EGFR and ALK fusion mutations. More detailed genetic profiles of somatic exon SNVs and CNVs in 457 cancer-related genes were retrospectively derived using capture single molecule amplification and resequencing technology (capSMART). Results ARMS-PCR identified 14 EGFR positive, 3 EGFR negative and 1 ALK fusion positive patient. A therapy regimen incorporating TKIs Gefitinib and Crizotinib was offered to the EGFR and ALK fusion positive patients, respectively. With the exception of two patients, molecular profiling of matching PT and BM biopsies identified a highly shared somatic variant fingerprint, although the BMs exhibited additional genomic instability. In six of 13 EGFR positive patients and in all three EGFR negative patients, examination of the genetic profiles identified additional clinically significant mutations that are known or experimental drug targets for treatment of lung cancer. Conclusion Our findings firstly suggest that treatment regimens based on comprehensive genetic assessment of newly diagnosed LABM patients should target both the PT and secondary BMs, including rogue clones with potential to form new BMs. Second, the additional information gained should allow clinicians to design and implement more personalized treatment regimens and potentially improve outcomes for LABM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Huang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Liu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong-Bin Liang
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China.,Berry Genomics Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Li
- Department of Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Jian-Ping Wei
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Jing Cai
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Xiong
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China
| | | | | | - An-Wen Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,JiangXi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Nanchang, China.
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114
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Ploypetch S, Roytrakul S, Phaonakrop N, Kittisenachai S, Leetanasaksakul K, Pisamai S, Kalpravidh C, Rungsipipat A, Suriyaphol G. In-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS)-based salivary proteomic profiling of canine oral tumors. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:335. [PMID: 32928212 PMCID: PMC7489029 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various types of oral tumors, either benign or malignant, are commonly found in dogs. Since saliva directly contacts the tumors and saliva collection is non-invasive, easily accessible and cost effective, salivary biomarkers are practical to be used for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of these diseases. However, there is limited knowledge of protein expression in saliva for canine oral tumors. The present study aimed to investigate novel biomarkers from the salivary proteome of dogs with early- and late-stage oral melanoma (EOM and LOM, respectively), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), benign oral tumors (BN), and periodontitis and healthy controls (CP), using an in-gel digestion coupled with mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS). The relationships between protein candidates and chemotherapy drugs were explored and the expression of potential biomarkers in saliva and tissues was verified by western blot analysis. RESULTS For saliva samples, increased expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 5 (PTPN5) was shown in all tumor groups compared with the CP group. Marked expression of PTPN5 was also observed in LOM and OSCC compared with that in BN and EOM. In addition, tumor protein p53 (p53), which appeared in the PTPN5-drug interactions, was exhibited to be expressed in all tumor groups compared with that in the CP group. For tissue samples, increased expression of p53 was shown in LOM compared with the control group. CONCLUSION PTPN5 and p53 were proposed to be potential salivary biomarkers of canine oral tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekkarin Ploypetch
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Suthathip Kittisenachai
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Kantinan Leetanasaksakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Sirinun Pisamai
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Chanin Kalpravidh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Anudep Rungsipipat
- Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Gunnaporn Suriyaphol
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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115
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Fagnan A, Bagger FO, Piqué-Borràs MR, Ignacimouttou C, Caulier A, Lopez CK, Robert E, Uzan B, Gelsi-Boyer V, Aid Z, Thirant C, Moll U, Tauchmann S, Kurtovic-Kozaric A, Maciejewski J, Dierks C, Spinelli O, Salmoiraghi S, Pabst T, Shimoda K, Deleuze V, Lapillonne H, Sweeney C, De Mas V, Leite B, Kadri Z, Malinge S, de Botton S, Micol JB, Kile B, Carmichael CL, Iacobucci I, Mullighan CG, Carroll M, Valent P, Bernard OA, Delabesse E, Vyas P, Birnbaum D, Anguita E, Garçon L, Soler E, Schwaller J, Mercher T. Human erythroleukemia genetics and transcriptomes identify master transcription factors as functional disease drivers. Blood 2020; 136:698-714. [PMID: 32350520 PMCID: PMC8215330 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019003062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute erythroleukemia (AEL or acute myeloid leukemia [AML]-M6) is a rare but aggressive hematologic malignancy. Previous studies showed that AEL leukemic cells often carry complex karyotypes and mutations in known AML-associated oncogenes. To better define the underlying molecular mechanisms driving the erythroid phenotype, we studied a series of 33 AEL samples representing 3 genetic AEL subgroups including TP53-mutated, epigenetic regulator-mutated (eg, DNMT3A, TET2, or IDH2), and undefined cases with low mutational burden. We established an erythroid vs myeloid transcriptome-based space in which, independently of the molecular subgroup, the majority of the AEL samples exhibited a unique mapping different from both non-M6 AML and myelodysplastic syndrome samples. Notably, >25% of AEL patients, including in the genetically undefined subgroup, showed aberrant expression of key transcriptional regulators, including SKI, ERG, and ETO2. Ectopic expression of these factors in murine erythroid progenitors blocked in vitro erythroid differentiation and led to immortalization associated with decreased chromatin accessibility at GATA1-binding sites and functional interference with GATA1 activity. In vivo models showed development of lethal erythroid, mixed erythroid/myeloid, or other malignancies depending on the cell population in which AEL-associated alterations were expressed. Collectively, our data indicate that AEL is a molecularly heterogeneous disease with an erythroid identity that results in part from the aberrant activity of key erythroid transcription factors in hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fagnan
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Frederik Otzen Bagger
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria-Riera Piqué-Borràs
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cathy Ignacimouttou
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Caulier
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA) 4666, Hématopoïèse et Immunologie (HEMATIM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
- Service Hématologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Cécile K Lopez
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Elie Robert
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Uzan
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 967 (UMR 967), INSERM-Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA)/Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF)/Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ)/Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM)/Laboratoire des cellules Souches Hématopoïétiques et des Leucémies (LSHL)-Université Paris-Diderot-Université Paris-Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Véronique Gelsi-Boyer
- U1068 and
- UMR7258, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/INSERM/Institut Paoli Calmettes/Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Zakia Aid
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Thirant
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ute Moll
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Samantha Tauchmann
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amina Kurtovic-Kozaric
- Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jaroslaw Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncologic Research, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christine Dierks
- Hämatologie, Onkologie und Stammzelltransplantation, Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Orietta Spinelli
- UOC Ematologia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Silvia Salmoiraghi
- UOC Ematologia, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
- FROM Research Foundation, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Oncology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern/University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Gastroenterology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Virginie Deleuze
- IGMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Lapillonne
- Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine (CRSA)-Unité INSERM, Sorbonne Université/Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)/Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Connor Sweeney
- Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit (MRC MHU), Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Hematology Theme, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique De Mas
- Team 16, Hematology Laboratory, Center of Research of Cancerology of Toulouse, U1037, INSERM/Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT) Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Betty Leite
- Genomic Platform, Unité Mixte de Service - Analyse Moléculaire, Modélisation et Imagerie de la maladie Cancéreuse (UMS AMMICA), Gustave Roussy/Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Zahra Kadri
- Division of Innovative Therapies, UMR-1184, Immunologie des Maladies Virales, Auto-immunes, Hématologiques et Bactériennes (IMVA-HB) and Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT) Center, CEA/INSERM/Paris-Saclay University, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Stéphane de Botton
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Micol
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Kile
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Peter Valent
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I and
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivier A Bernard
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Eric Delabesse
- Team 16, Hematology Laboratory, Center of Research of Cancerology of Toulouse, U1037, INSERM/Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT) Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Paresh Vyas
- Medical Research Council Molecular Haematology Unit (MRC MHU), Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Hematology Theme, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- U1068 and
- UMR7258, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/INSERM/Institut Paoli Calmettes/Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Eduardo Anguita
- Hematology Department
- Instituto de Medicina de Laboratorio (IML), and
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, (IdISSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos (HCSC), Madrid, Spain; and
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Loïc Garçon
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA) 4666, Hématopoïèse et Immunologie (HEMATIM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
- Service Hématologie Biologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Eric Soler
- IGMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Mercher
- Unité 1170 (U1170), INSERM, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Diderot, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
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Lozano G. Restoring p53 in cancer: the promises and the challenges. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:615-619. [PMID: 31283825 PMCID: PMC6736346 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence to: Guillermina Lozano, E-mail:
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117
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Nakayama M, Oshima M. Mutant p53 in colon cancer. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:267-276. [PMID: 30496442 PMCID: PMC6487790 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of genetic alterations in driver genes is responsible for the development and malignant progression of colorectal cancer. Comprehensive genome analyses have revealed the driver genes, including APC, KRAS, TGFBR2, and TP53, whose mutations are frequently found in human colorectal cancers. Among them, the p53 mutation is found in ~60% of colorectal cancers, and a majority of mutations are missense-type at ‘hot spots’, suggesting an oncogenic role of mutant p53 by ‘gain-of-function’ mechanisms. Mouse model studies have shown that one of these missense-type mutations, p53 R270H (corresponding to human R273H), causes submucosal invasion of intestinal tumors, while the loss of wild-type p53 has a limited effect on the invasion process. Furthermore, the same mutant p53 promotes metastasis when combined with Kras activation and TGF-β suppression. Importantly, either missense-type p53 mutation or loss of wild-type p53 induces NF-κB activation by a variety of mechanisms, such as increasing promoter accessibility by chromatin remodeling, which may contribute to progression to epithelial–mesenchymal transition. These results indicate that missense-type p53 mutations together with loss of wild-type p53 accelerate the late stage of colorectal cancer progression through the activation of both oncogenic and inflammatory pathways. Accordingly, the suppression of the mutant p53 function via the inhibition of nuclear accumulation is expected to be an effective strategy against malignant progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Nakayama
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,WPI-Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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118
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Lieschke E, Wang Z, Kelly GL, Strasser A. Discussion of some 'knowns' and some 'unknowns' about the tumour suppressor p53. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:212-223. [PMID: 30496435 PMCID: PMC6478126 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the tumour suppressor p53 upon cellular stress can induce a number of different cellular processes. The diverse actions of these processes are critical for the protective function of p53 in preventing the development of cancer. However, it is still not fully understood which process(es) activated by p53 is/are critical for tumour suppression and how this might differ depending on the type of cells undergoing neoplastic transformation and the nature of the drivers of oncogenesis. Moreover, it is not clear why upon activation of p53 some cells undergo cell cycle arrest and senescence whereas others die by apoptosis. Here we discuss some of the cellular processes that are crucial for p53-mediated tumour suppression and the factors that could impact cell fate upon p53 activation. Finally, we describe therapies aimed either at activating wild-type p53 or at changing the behaviour of mutant p53 to unleash tumour growth suppressive processes for therapeutic benefit in malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lieschke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zilu Wang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gemma L Kelly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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119
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A Driver Never Works Alone-Interplay Networks of Mutant p53, MYC, RAS, and Other Universal Oncogenic Drivers in Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061532. [PMID: 32545208 PMCID: PMC7353041 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge accumulating on the occurrence and mechanisms of the activation of oncogenes in human neoplasia necessitates an increasingly detailed understanding of their systemic interactions. None of the known oncogenic drivers work in isolation from the other oncogenic pathways. The cooperation between these pathways is an indispensable element of a multistep carcinogenesis, which apart from inactivation of tumor suppressors, always includes the activation of two or more proto-oncogenes. In this review we focus on representative examples of the interaction of major oncogenic drivers with one another. The drivers are selected according to the following criteria: (1) the highest frequency of known activation in human neoplasia (by mutations or otherwise), (2) activation in a wide range of neoplasia types (universality) and (3) as a part of a distinguishable pathway, (4) being a known cause of phenotypic addiction of neoplastic cells and thus a promising therapeutic target. Each of these universal oncogenic factors—mutant p53, KRAS and CMYC proteins, telomerase ribonucleoprotein, proteasome machinery, HSP molecular chaperones, NF-κB and WNT pathways, AP-1 and YAP/TAZ transcription factors and non-coding RNAs—has a vast network of molecular interrelations and common partners. Understanding this network allows for the hunt for novel therapeutic targets and protocols to counteract drug resistance in a clinical neoplasia treatment.
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120
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Zhai HY, Zhou QF, Dou JP, Liu FY, Zhu XY, Yu J, Liang P. Hepatic Microwave Ablation-Induced Tumor Destruction and Animal End Point Survival Can Be Improved by Suppression of Heat Shock Protein 90. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2020; 39:1223-1232. [PMID: 31880357 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) modulation on tumor necrosis, apoptosis, tumor growth delay, and end point survival by combining microwave ablation (MWA) with an HSP90 inhibitor in a nude mouse model. METHODS This study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Forty mice with HepG2 subcutaneous xenograft tumors (10 ± 1 mm) were randomized into 4 groups: (1) no treatment, (2) MWA only, (3) the HSP90 inhibitor ganetespib only, and (4) ganetespib combined with MWA. Tumors were harvested 24 hours after treatment, and gross coagulation diameters were measured. The effect of ganetespib on HSP90 and caspase 3 expression in the periablational rim was assessed. Another 40 mice with the same tumors and groupings were observed after treatment. Tumor growth curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed with a tumor diameter of 2.2 cm and 40 days of survival as the defined survival end points. RESULTS Combination treatment significantly increased the coagulation size compared to tumors treated with MWA or ganetespib alone (P < 0.05). The combination of MWA and ganetespib decreased HSP90 expression and increased cleaved caspase 3 expression 24 hours after treatment. Compared with MWA or ganetespib only, combination treatment could lengthen the end point survival and reduce the tumor growth rate. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of HSP production can improve MWA-induced tumor apoptosis and destruction, reduce residual tumor growth rates, and prolong end point survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Zhai
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun-Fang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Dou
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Yi Liu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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121
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Lyakhova I, Piatkova M, Gulaia V, Romanishin A, Shmelev M, Bryukhovetskiy A, Sharma A, Sharma HS, Khotimchenko R, Bryukhovetskiy I. Alkaloids of fascaplysin are promising chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of glioblastoma: Review. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 151:299-324. [PMID: 32448613 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive human brain tumors. Even following all the modern protocols of complex treatment, the median patient survival typically does not exceed 15 months. This review analyzes the main reasons for glioblastoma resistance to therapy, as well as attempts at categorizing the main approaches to increasing chemotherapy efficiency. Special emphasis is placed on the specific group of compounds, known as marine alkaloids and their synthetic derivatives exerting a general antitumor effect on glioblastoma cells. The unique mechanisms of marine alkaloid influence on the tumor cells prompt considering them as a promising basis for creating new chemotherapeutic agents for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lyakhova
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Mariia Piatkova
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valeriia Gulaia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Cell Technologies, Department of Medical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Romanishin
- Laboratory of Biomedical Cell Technologies, Department of Medical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shmelev
- Laboratory of Biomedical Cell Technologies, Department of Medical Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrey Bryukhovetskiy
- NeuroVita Clinic of Interventional and Restorative Neurology and Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rodion Khotimchenko
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
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122
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Nakayama M, Hong CP, Oshima H, Sakai E, Kim SJ, Oshima M. Loss of wild-type p53 promotes mutant p53-driven metastasis through acquisition of survival and tumor-initiating properties. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2333. [PMID: 32393735 PMCID: PMC7214469 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Missense-type mutant p53 plays a tumor-promoting role through gain-of-function (GOF) mechanism. In addition, the loss of wild-type TP53 through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is widely found in cancer cells. However, malignant progression induced by cooperation of TP53 GOF mutation and LOH remains poorly understood. Here, we show that mouse intestinal tumors carrying Trp53 GOF mutation with LOH (AKTPM/LOH) are enriched in metastatic lesions when heterozygous Trp53 mutant cells (AKTP+/M) are transplanted. We show that Trp53 LOH is required for dormant cell survival and clonal expansion of cancer cells. Moreover, AKTPM/LOH cells show an increased in vivo tumor-initiating ability compared with AKTPNull and AKTP+/M cells. RNAseq analyses reveal that inflammatory and growth factor/MAPK pathways are specifically activated in AKTPM/LOH cells, while the stem cell signature is upregulated in both AKTPM/LOH and AKTPNull cells. These results indicate that TP53/Trp53 LOH promotes TP53/Trp53 GOF mutation-driven metastasis through the activation of distinct pathway combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Nakayama
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chang Pyo Hong
- Theragen Etex Bio Institute, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Eri Sakai
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- Theragen Etex Bio Institute, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea.,Precision Medicine Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology and Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan. .,WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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123
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Kong LR, Ong RW, Tan TZ, Mohamed Salleh NAB, Thangavelu M, Chan JV, Koh LYJ, Periyasamy G, Lau JA, Le TBU, Wang L, Lee M, Kannan S, Verma CS, Lim CM, Chng WJ, Lane DP, Venkitaraman A, Hung HT, Cheok CF, Goh BC. Targeting codon 158 p53-mutant cancers via the induction of p53 acetylation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2086. [PMID: 32350249 PMCID: PMC7190866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain of function (GOF) DNA binding domain (DBD) mutations of TP53 upregulate chromatin regulatory genes that promote genome-wide histone methylation and acetylation. Here, we therapeutically exploit the oncogenic GOF mechanisms of p53 codon 158 (Arg158) mutation, a DBD mutant found to be prevalent in lung carcinomas. Using high throughput compound screening and combination analyses, we uncover that acetylating mutp53R158G could render cancers susceptible to cisplatin-induced DNA stress. Acetylation of mutp53R158G alters DNA binding motifs and upregulates TRAIP, a RING domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase which dephosphorylates IĸB and impedes nuclear translocation of RelA (p65), thus repressing oncogenic nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-ĸB) signaling and inducing apoptosis. Given that this mechanism of cytotoxic vulnerability appears inapt in p53 wild-type (WT) or other hotspot GOF mutp53 cells, our work provides a therapeutic opportunity specific to Arg158-mutp53 tumors utilizing a regimen consisting of DNA-damaging agents and mutp53 acetylators, which is currently being pursued clinically. Codon 158 gain-of-function mutant p53 (158-mutp53) promotes tumourigenesis in lung cancer. Here, the authors show that 158-mutp53 render cancers sensitive to cisplatin and p53 acetylation agents through a mechanism where acetylated mutant p53 upregulates TRAIP and inhibits NF-ĸB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren Kong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK.
| | - Richard Weijie Ong
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | | | - Matan Thangavelu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jane Vin Chan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Lie Yong Judice Koh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Giridharan Periyasamy
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jieying Amelia Lau
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Thi Bich Uyen Le
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Srinivasaraghavan Kannan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Division of Surgical Oncology (Head and Neck Surgery), National University Cancer Institute, Singapore (NCIS), Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - David P Lane
- p53 Laboratory (p53Lab), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Ashok Venkitaraman
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Huynh The Hung
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chit Fang Cheok
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore. .,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.
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Statin as anti-cancer therapy in autochthonous T-lymphomas expressing stabilized gain-of-function mutant p53 proteins. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:274. [PMID: 32332697 PMCID: PMC7181693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2466-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An important component of missense mutant p53 gain-of-function (mutp53 GOF) activities is the ability of stabilized mutp53 proteins to upregulate the mevalonate pathway, providing a rationale for exploring the statin family of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors as anticancer agents in mutp53 tumors. In this small exploratory study we report on the effects of statin treatment in autochthonous mouse models of clinically advanced T-cell lymphoma expressing two different GOF mutp53 alleles. We find that Rosuvastatin monotherapy shows a modest, p53 allele-selective and transient anti-tumor effect in autochthonous T-lymphomas expressing the p53 R248Q DNA contact mutant, but not in tumors expressing the p53 R172H conformational mutant. p53 null mice also do not benefit. In vitro statin sensitivity is not a strong predictor for in vivo sensitivity, while subcutaneous allografts are. Future explorations of statins in combination therapies are justified to improve its anti-tumor effects and to better define the most statin-sensitive alleles and tumor types among mutp53-stabilized cancers.
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125
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Oduah EI, Grossman SR. Harnessing the vulnerabilities of p53 mutants in lung cancer - Focusing on the proteasome: a new trick for an old foe? Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:293-302. [PMID: 32041464 PMCID: PMC7515531 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1702403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function (GOF) p53 mutations occur commonly in human cancer and lead to both loss of p53 tumor suppressor function and acquisition of aggressive cancer phenotypes. The oncogenicity of GOF mutant p53 is highly related to its abnormal protein stability relative to wild type p53, and overall stoichiometric excess. We provide an overview of the mechanisms of dysfunction and abnormal stability of GOF p53 specifically in lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, where, depending on histologic subtype, 33-90% of tumors exhibit GOF p53 mutations. As a distinguishing feature and oncogenic mechanism in lung and many other cancers, GOF p53 represents an appealing and cancer-specific therapeutic target. We review preclinical evidence demonstrating paradoxical depletion of GOF p53 by proteasome inhibitors, as well as preclinical and clinical studies of proteasome inhibition in lung cancer. Finally, we provide a rationale for a reexamination of proteasome inhibition in lung cancer, focusing on tumors expressing GOF p53 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eziafa I. Oduah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Steven R. Grossman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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126
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127
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Amelio I, Melino G. Context is everything: extrinsic signalling and gain-of-function p53 mutants. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:16. [PMID: 32218993 PMCID: PMC7090043 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The TP53 genomic locus is a target of mutational events in at least half of cancers. Despite several decades of study, a full consensus on the relevance of the acquisition of p53 gain-of-function missense mutants has not been reached. Depending on cancer type, type of mutations and other unidentified factors, the relevance for tumour development and progression of the oncogenic signalling directed by p53 mutants might significantly vary, leading to inconsistent observations that have fuelled a long and fierce debate in the field. Here, we discuss how interaction with the microenvironment and stressors might dictate the gain-of-function effects exerted by individual mutants. We report evidence from the most recent literature in support of the context dependency of p53 mutant biology. This perspective article aims to raise a discussion in the field on the relevance that context might have on p53 gain-of-function mutants, assessing whether this should generally be considered a cell non-autonomous process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome ’’Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome ’’Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
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128
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Barta JA, Pauley K, Kossenkov AV, McMahon SB. The lung-enriched p53 mutants V157F and R158L/P regulate a gain of function transcriptome in lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:67-77. [PMID: 31067569 PMCID: PMC7316406 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA, and alterations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 are the most frequent somatic mutation among all histologic subtypes of lung cancer. Mutations in TP53 frequently result in a protein that exhibits not only loss of tumor suppressor capability but also oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF). The canonical p53 hotspot mutants R175H and R273H, for example, confer upon tumors a metastatic phenotype in murine models of mutant p53. To the best of our knowledge, GOF phenotypes of the less often studied V157, R158 and A159 mutants-which occur with higher frequency in lung cancer compared with other solid tumors-have not been defined. In this study, we aimed to define whether the lung mutants are simply equivalent to full loss of the p53 locus, or whether they additionally acquire the ability to drive new downstream effector pathways. Using a publicly available human lung cancer dataset, we characterized patients with V157, R158 and A159 p53 mutations. In addition, we show here that cell lines with mutant p53-V157F, p53-R158L and p53-R158P exhibit a loss of expression of canonical wild-type p53 target genes. Furthermore, these lung-enriched p53 mutants regulate genes not previously linked to p53 function including PLAU. Paradoxically, mutant p53 represses genes associated with increased cell viability, migration and invasion. These findings collectively represent the first demonstration that lung-enriched p53 mutations at V157 and R158 regulate a novel transcriptome in human lung cancer cells and may confer de novo function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Barta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristen Pauley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven B McMahon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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129
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Wang YL, Wu W, Su YN, Ai ZP, Mou HC, Wan LS, Luo Y, Qiu MH, Zhang JH. Buxus alkaloid compound destabilizes mutant p53 through inhibition of the HSF1 chaperone axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 68:153187. [PMID: 32097779 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P53 is the most frequently mutated gene in most tumour types, and the mutant p53 protein accumulates at high levels in tumours to promote tumour development and progression. Thus, targeting mutant p53 for degradation is one of the therapeutic strategies used to manage tumours that depend on mutant p53 for survival. Buxus alkaloids are traditionally used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. We found that triterpenoid alkaloids extracted from Buxus sinica found in the Yunnan Province exhibit anticancer activity by depleting mutant p53 levels in colon cancer cells. PURPOSE To explore the anticancer mechanism of action of the triterpenoid alkaloid KBA01 compound by targeting mutant p53 degradation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Different mutant p53 cell lines were used to evaluate the anticancer activity of KBA01. MTT assay, colony formation assay and cell cycle analysis were performed to examine the effect of KBA01 on cancer cell proliferation. Western blotting and qPCR were used to investigate effects of depleting mutant p53, and a ubiquitination assay was used to determine mutant p53 ubiquitin levels after cells were treated with the compound. Co-IP and small interfering RNA assays were used to explore the effects of KBA01 on the interaction of Hsp90 with mutant p53. RESULTS The triterpenoid alkaloid KBA01 can induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis of HT29 colon cancer cells. KBA01 decreases the stability of DNA contact mutant p53 proteins through the proteasomal pathway with minimal effects on p53 mutant protein conformation. Moreover, KBA01 enhances the interaction of mutant p53 with Hsp70, CHIP and MDM2, and knocking down CHIP and MDM2 stabilizes mutant p53 levels in KBA01-treated cells. In addition, KBA01 disrupts the HSF1-mutant p53-Hsp90 complex and releases mutant p53 to enable its MDM2- and CHIP-mediated degradation. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that KBA01 depletes mutant p53 protein in a chaperone-assisted ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway in cancer cells, providing insights into potential strategies to target mutant p53 tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Wang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yong-Nan Su
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Han-Chuan Mou
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Luo-Sheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Ying Luo
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China.
| | - Ji-Hong Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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130
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Pedrote MM, Motta MF, Ferretti GDS, Norberto DR, Spohr TCLS, Lima FRS, Gratton E, Silva JL, de Oliveira GAP. Oncogenic Gain of Function in Glioblastoma Is Linked to Mutant p53 Amyloid Oligomers. iScience 2020; 23:100820. [PMID: 31981923 PMCID: PMC6976948 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated p53 mutations endow cells with malignant phenotypes, including chemoresistance. Amyloid-like oligomers of mutant p53 transform this tumor suppressor into an oncogene. However, the composition and distribution of mutant p53 oligomers are unknown and the mechanism involved in the conversion is sparse. Here, we report accumulation of a p53 mutant within amyloid-like p53 oligomers in glioblastoma-derived cells presenting a chemoresistant gain-of-function phenotype. Statistical analysis from fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy, pressure-induced measurements, and thioflavin T kinetics demonstrates the distribution of oligomers larger than the active tetrameric form of p53 in the nuclei of living cells and the destabilization of native-drifted p53 species that become amyloid. Collectively, these results provide insights into the role of amyloid-like mutant p53 oligomers in the chemoresistance phenotype of malignant and invasive brain tumors and shed light on therapeutic options to avert cancer. Amyloid oligomers transform p53 tumor suppressor into an oncogene Amyloid-like mutant p53 oligomers occur in chemoresistant glioblastoma cells p53 oligomer larger than tetramers is detected in the nuclei of living cells Gain-of-function p53 phenotypes is attributed to p53 amyloid oligomers
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo M Pedrote
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Michelle F Motta
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Giulia D S Ferretti
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Douglas R Norberto
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas. Av. dos Estados, 5001 Sta. Terezinha, Santo André, São Paulo 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Tania C L S Spohr
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia R S Lima
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2717, USA
| | - Jerson L Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme A P de Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0733, USA.
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131
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Miller JJ, Gaiddon C, Storr T. A balancing act: using small molecules for therapeutic intervention of the p53 pathway in cancer. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6995-7014. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00163e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small molecules targeting various aspects of the p53 protein pathway have shown significant promise in the treatment of a number of cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Inserm UMR_S 1113
- Université de Strasbourg
- Molecular Mechanisms of Stress Response and Pathologies
- ITI InnoVec
- Strasbourg
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry
- Simon Fraser University
- Burnaby
- Canada
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132
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Molecular Determinants of Cancer Therapy Resistance to HDAC Inhibitor-Induced Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010109. [PMID: 31906235 PMCID: PMC7016854 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi) offer high potential for future cancer therapy as they can re-establish the expression of epigenetically silenced cell death programs. HDACi-induced autophagy offers the possibility to counteract the frequently present apoptosis-resistance as well as stress conditions of cancer cells. Opposed to the function of apoptosis and necrosis however, autophagy activated in cancer cells can engage in a tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting manner depending on mostly unclarified factors. As a physiological adaption to apoptosis resistance in early phases of tumorigenesis, autophagy seems to resume a tumorsuppressive role that confines tumor necrosis and inflammation or even induces cell death in malignant cells. During later stages of tumor development, chemotherapeutic drug-induced autophagy seems to be reprogrammed by the cancer cell to prevent its elimination and support tumor progression. Consistently, HDACi-mediated activation of autophagy seems to exert a protective function that prevents the induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death in cancer cells. Thus, resistance to HDACi-induced cell death is often encountered in various types of cancer as well. The current review highlights the different mechanisms of HDACi-elicited autophagy and corresponding possible molecular determinants of therapeutic resistance in cancer.
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133
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Wu J, Liang Y, Tan Y, Tang Y, Song H, Wang Z, Li Y, Lu M. CDK9 inhibitors reactivate p53 by downregulating iASPP. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109508. [PMID: 31866490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Loss of p53's tumor-suppressive function, either via TP53 mutation or hyperactive p53 inhibitory proteins, is one of the most frequent events in the development of human cancer. Here, we describe a strategy of pharmacologically inhibiting iASPP, a negative regulator of p53, to restore wild-type p53's tumor-suppressive function. iASPP knockdown in the colon cancer cell line HCT116 efficiently promoted p53's transcriptional activity and induced p53-dependent cell death, suggesting a key role for iASPP in silencing p53 in this cell line. Screening of a preclinical and clinical drug library using isogenic HCT116 cell models revealed that cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitors preferentially inhibit p53+/+, rather than p53-/-, cells. Mechanistically, CDK9 inhibitors downregulated iASPP at the transcriptional level. This downregulation was dose- and time-dependent. CDK9 inhibitors further showed synergistic effects in killing p53+/+ HCT116 cells when combined with the MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3. In a large TCGA pan-cancer cohort, iASPP overexpression predicted poor overall survival (OS) in wild-type p53 patients, with worse OS observed when MDM2 was simultaneously overexpressed. Our study identifies CDK9 inhibitors as p53-reactivating agents, and proposes a strategy to treat cancer by efficiently reactivating p53 via the concurrent inhibition of iASPP and MDM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yigang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huaxin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuntong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
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134
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Pitolli C, Wang Y, Mancini M, Shi Y, Melino G, Amelio I. Do Mutations Turn p53 into an Oncogene? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6241. [PMID: 31835684 PMCID: PMC6940991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The key role of p53 as a tumor suppressor became clear when it was realized that this gene is mutated in 50% of human sporadic cancers, and germline mutations expose carriers to cancer risk throughout their lifespan. Mutations in this gene not only abolish the tumor suppressive functions of p53, but also equip the protein with new pro-oncogenic functions. Here, we review the mechanisms by which these new functions gained by p53 mutants promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Pitolli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Pathology Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 100012, China; (Y.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mara Mancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.)
- IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry Laboratory, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 100012, China; (Y.W.); (Y.S.)
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Pathology Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.)
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Pathology Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PQ, UK
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135
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Li H, Zhang J, Tong JHM, Chan AWH, Yu J, Kang W, To KF. Targeting the Oncogenic p53 Mutants in Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235999. [PMID: 31795192 PMCID: PMC6929124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a kind of solid tumor and the third most common cancer type in the world. It is a heterogeneous disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic aberrations. The TP53 mutation is the key step driving the transition from adenoma to adenocarcinoma. The functional roles of TP53 mutation in tumor development have been comprehensively investigated. In CRC, TP53 mutation was associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. A gain of function (GOF) of p53 mutants promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion through multiple mechanisms. Restoring wild type p53 function, depleting p53 mutants, or intervention by targeting the oncogenic downstreams provides potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the GOF of p53 mutants in CRC progression as well as in some other solid tumors, and discuss the current strategies targeting p53 mutants in malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joanna Hung Man Tong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anthony Wing Hung Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (K.F.T.); Tel.: +852-35051505 (W.K. & K.F.T.); Fax: +852-26497286 (W.K. & K.F.T.)
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (K.F.T.); Tel.: +852-35051505 (W.K. & K.F.T.); Fax: +852-26497286 (W.K. & K.F.T.)
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136
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Ghaleb A, Yallowitz A, Marchenko N. Irradiation induces p53 loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer expressing mutant p53. Commun Biol 2019; 2:436. [PMID: 31799437 PMCID: PMC6881331 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in one allele of the TP53 gene in cancer early stages are frequently followed by the loss of the remaining wild-type allele (LOH) during tumor progression. However, the clinical impact of TP53 mutations and p53LOH, especially in the context of genotoxic modalities, remains unclear. Using MMTV;ErbB2 model carrying a heterozygous R172H p53 mutation, we report a previously unidentified oncogenic activity of mutant p53 (mutp53): the exacerbation of p53LOH after irradiation. We show that wild-type p53 allele is partially transcriptionally competent and enables the maintenance of the genomic integrity under normal conditions in mutp53 heterozygous cells. In heterozygous cells γ-irradiation promotes mutp53 stabilization, which suppresses DNA repair and the cell cycle checkpoint allowing cell cycle progression in the presence of inefficiently repaired DNA, consequently increases genomic instability leading to p53LOH. Hence, in mutp53 heterozygous cells, irradiation facilitates the selective pressure for p53LOH that enhances cancer cell fitness and provides the genetic plasticity for acquiring metastatic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Ghaleb
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
| | - Alisha Yallowitz
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, LC-902, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Natalia Marchenko
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8691 USA
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137
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Khiste SK, Liu Z, Roy KR, Uddin MB, Hosain SB, Gu X, Nazzal S, Hill RA, Liu YY. Ceramide-Rubusoside Nanomicelles, a Potential Therapeutic Approach to Target Cancers Carrying p53 Missense Mutations. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 19:564-574. [PMID: 31645443 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide (Cer) is an active cellular sphingolipid that can induce apoptosis or proliferation-arrest of cancer cells. Nanoparticle-based delivery offers an effective approach for overcoming bioavailability and biopharmaceutics issues attributable to the pronounced hydrophobicity of Cer. Missense mutations of the protein p53, which have been detected in approximately 42% of cancer cases, not only lose the tumor suppression activity of wild-type p53, but also gain oncogenic functions promoting tumor progression and drug resistance. Our previous works showed that cellular Cer can eradicate cancer cells that carry a p53 deletion-mutation by modulating alternative pre-mRNA splicing, restoring wild-type p53 protein expression. Here, we report that new ceramide-rubusoside (Cer-RUB) nanomicelles considerably enhance Cer in vivo bioavailability and restore p53-dependent tumor suppression in cancer cells carrying a p53 missense mutation. Natural RUB encapsulated short-chain C6-Cer so as to form Cer-RUB nanomicelles (∼32 nm in diameter) that substantially enhanced Cer solubility and its levels in tissues and tumors of mice dosed intraperitoneally. Intriguingly, Cer-RUB nanomicelle treatments restored p53-dependent tumor suppression and sensitivity to cisplatin in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells and xenograft tumors carrying p53 R248Q mutation. Moreover, Cer-RUB nanomicelles showed no signs of significant nonspecific toxicity to noncancerous cells or normal tissues, including bone marrow. Furthermore, Cer-RUB nanomicelles restored p53 phosphorylated protein and downstream function to wild-type levels in p53 R172H/+ transgenic mice. Altogether, this study, for the first time, indicates that natural Cer-RUB nanomicelles offer a feasible approach for efficaciously and safely targeting cancers carrying p53 missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin K Khiste
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kartik R Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Mohammad B Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Salman B Hosain
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Sami Nazzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ronald A Hill
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana
| | - Yong-Yu Liu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana.
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138
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139
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Ray-Coquard I, Braicu I, Berger R, Mahner S, Sehouli J, Pujade-Lauraine E, Cassier PA, Moll UM, Ulmer H, Leunen K, Zeimet AG, Marth C, Vergote I, Concin N. Part I of GANNET53: A European Multicenter Phase I/II Trial of the Hsp90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Combined With Weekly Paclitaxel in Women With High-Grade, Platinum-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer-A Study of the GANNET53 Consortium. Front Oncol 2019; 9:832. [PMID: 31552170 PMCID: PMC6746955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stabilized mutant p53 protein (mutp53) is a novel target in epithelial ovarian cancer. Due to aberrant conformation, mutp53 proteins depend on folding support by the Hsp90 chaperone. Hsp90 blockade induces degradation of mutp53, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity and increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Preclinical synergy of the Hsp90 inhibitor ganetespib combined with paclitaxel provided the rationale for testing the combination in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) patients in the GANNET53 trial (NCT02012192). Methods: Eligible patients had high-grade PROC with ≤ 4 prior lines of chemotherapy. Weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) and increasing doses of ganetespib (100, 150 mg/m2) were given i.v. on days 1, 8, 15 in a 28 days cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Endpoints were safety and determination of phase II dose. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as grade 4 toxicity (with exceptions) occurring in cycles 1&2. Results: Ten patients (median age 59 years; range 43-70) were enrolled. No DLT occurred in cohort 1 (4 patients treated with paclitaxel + ganetespib 100 mg/m2), nor in cohorts 2 and 3 (6 patients treated with paclitaxel + ganetespib 150 mg/m2). The most common adverse event (AE) related to ganetespib was transient grade 1/2 diarrhea (n = 6). Related grade 1/2 AEs in >2 patients included QTc prolongation (n = 4), nausea (n = 3), anemia (n = 3), headache (n = 3), fatigue (n = 3), and dyspnoea (n = 3). Most frequently related grade 3/4 AEs were diarrhea (n = 3) and neutropenia (n = 2). There was 1 death on study due to hemorrhage from a duodenal ulcer. Three patients discontinued study treatment due to serious AEs (digestive hemorrhage n = 1, cardiac failure n = 1, abdominal pain and vomiting n = 1), 6 due to progressive disease, one due to investigator and patient decision. Two patients achieved a partial response (ORR 20%) and 4 patients a stable disease (disease control rate of 60%). Median PFS was 2.9 months (1.6 months in cohort 1 at 100 mg/m2 ganetespib, 5.1 months in cohorts 2+3 at 150 mg/m2 ganetespib). Conclusions: The combination of ganetespib 150 mg/m2 with paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 once weekly for 3 out of 4 weeks was generally well-tolerated with no DLTs, and therefore chosen for the randomized phase II trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ray-Coquard
- Centre Anticancereux Léon Bérard, University Claude Bernard Lyon, GINECO Group, Lyon, France
| | - Ioana Braicu
- Department of Gynecology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, NOGGO Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austrian AGO, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, AGO, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, NOGGO Group, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ute Martha Moll
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hanno Ulmer
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karin Leunen
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Leuven Cancer Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alain Gustave Zeimet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austrian AGO, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Marth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austrian AGO, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Leuven Cancer Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Concin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austrian AGO, Innsbruck, Austria
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Timofeev O, Klimovich B, Schneikert J, Wanzel M, Pavlakis E, Noll J, Mutlu S, Elmshäuser S, Nist A, Mernberger M, Lamp B, Wenig U, Brobeil A, Gattenlöhner S, Köhler K, Stiewe T. Residual apoptotic activity of a tumorigenic p53 mutant improves cancer therapy responses. EMBO J 2019; 38:e102096. [PMID: 31483066 PMCID: PMC6792016 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered p53 mutant mice are valuable tools for delineating p53 functions in tumor suppression and cancer therapy. Here, we have introduced the R178E mutation into the Trp53 gene of mice to specifically ablate the cooperative nature of p53 DNA binding. Trp53R178E mice show no detectable target gene regulation and, at first sight, are largely indistinguishable from Trp53−/− mice. Surprisingly, stabilization of p53R178E in Mdm2−/− mice nevertheless triggers extensive apoptosis, indicative of residual wild‐type activities. Although this apoptotic activity suffices to trigger lethality of Trp53R178E;Mdm2−/− embryos, it proves insufficient for suppression of spontaneous and oncogene‐driven tumorigenesis. Trp53R178E mice develop tumors indistinguishably from Trp53−/− mice and tumors retain and even stabilize the p53R178E protein, further attesting to the lack of significant tumor suppressor activity. However, Trp53R178E tumors exhibit remarkably better chemotherapy responses than Trp53−/− ones, resulting in enhanced eradication of p53‐mutated tumor cells. Together, this provides genetic proof‐of‐principle evidence that a p53 mutant can be highly tumorigenic and yet retain apoptotic activity which provides a survival benefit in the context of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Timofeev
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Boris Klimovich
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jean Schneikert
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wanzel
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Julia Noll
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Samet Mutlu
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco Mernberger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Boris Lamp
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wenig
- Institute of Pathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | - Kernt Köhler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, Germany.,Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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141
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Biebl MM, Buchner J. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Hsp90 Machinery. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a034017. [PMID: 30745292 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone involved in the maturation of a plethora of substrates ("clients"), including protein kinases, transcription factors, and E3 ubiquitin ligases, positioning Hsp90 as a central regulator of cellular proteostasis. Hsp90 undergoes large conformational changes during its ATPase cycle. The processing of clients by cytosolic Hsp90 is assisted by a cohort of cochaperones that affect client recruitment, Hsp90 ATPase function or conformational rearrangements in Hsp90. Because of the importance of Hsp90 in regulating central cellular pathways, strategies for the pharmacological inhibition of the Hsp90 machinery in diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration are being developed. In this review, we summarize recent structural and mechanistic progress in defining the function of organelle-specific and cytosolic Hsp90, including the impact of individual cochaperones on the maturation of specific clients and complexes with clients as well as ways of exploiting Hsp90 as a drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M Biebl
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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142
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Xue Y, San Luis B, Lane DP. Intratumour heterogeneity of p53 expression; causes and consequences. J Pathol 2019; 249:274-285. [PMID: 31322742 DOI: 10.1002/path.5328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genomic alterations in different types of cancer have been identified by comprehensive sequencing methodologies, revealing TP53 as the most frequently mutated gene across the majority of human cancer types. Cytotoxic treatments are still major cancer therapy strategies but cancer recurrence due to therapy resistance is a major challenge. Resistant cell populations may be associated with TP53 mutant clones exhibiting abnormal p53 expression patterns in tumours. Given data that levels of mutant p53 influence cancer cell growth and survival, understanding the mechanisms underlying intratumour heterogeneity of p53 can be exploited to design strategies that improve patient survival. The patterns of p53 protein examined by immunohistochemistry of both premalignant and malignant tissues are complex, ranging from intense staining of all tumour cell nuclei to complete absence of staining and with many intermediate phenotypes. Animal models that express only mutant proteins and adoption of international standards for terminology have brought greater clarity to understanding the causes of variation and are at the same time demonstrating the utility of p53 in oncology. In addition to p53 mutation, MDM2 and chaperone activities, gene copy number and TP53 mRNA levels linked to proliferative activity and differentiation are all now established as causes of variation in p53 staining, with clinical implications. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen Xue
- p53 Laboratory, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
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143
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Xu D, Tong X, Sun L, Li H, Jones RD, Liao J, Yang GY. Inhibition of mutant Kras and p53-driven pancreatic carcinogenesis by atorvastatin: Mainly via targeting of the farnesylated DNAJA1 in chaperoning mutant p53. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:2052-2064. [PMID: 31397499 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that using statins to inhibit the mevalonate pathway induces mutant p53 degradation by impairing the interaction of mutant p53 with DnaJ subfamily A member 1 (DNAJA1). However, the role of the C-terminus of DNAJA1 with a CAAX box for farnesylation in the binding, folding, and translocation of client proteins such as mutant p53 is not known. In the present study, we used a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic carcinoma and showed that atorvastatin significantly increased animal survival and inhibited pancreatic carcinogenesis. There was a dramatic decrease in mutant p53 protein accumulation in the pancreatic acini, pancreas intraepithelial neoplasia lesions, and adenocarcinoma. Supplementation with farnesyl pyrophosphate, a substrate for protein farnesylation, rescued atorvastatin-induced mutant p53 degradation in pancreatic cancer cells. Tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, mirrored atorvastatin's effects on mutant p53, degraded mutant p53 in a dose-dependent manner, and converted farnesylated DNAJA1 into unfarnesylated DNAJA1. Farnesyltransferase gene knockdown also significantly promoted mutant p53 degradation. Coimmunoprecipitation either by an anti-DNAJA1 or p53 antibody confirmed the direct interaction of mutant p53 and DNAJA1 and higher doses of atorvastatin treatments converted more farnesylated DNAJA1 into unfarnesylated DNAJA1 with much less mutant p53 pulled down by DNAJA1. Strikingly, C394S mutant DNAJA1, in which the cysteine of the CAAX box was mutated to serine, was no longer able to be farnesylated and lost the ability to maintain mutant p53 stabilization. Our results show that farnesylated DNAJA1 is a crucial chaperone in maintaining mutant p53 stabilization and targeting farnesylated DNAJA1 by atorvastatin will be critical for inhibiting p53 mutant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leyu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryan D Jones
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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144
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Sethi N, Kikuchi O, McFarland J, Zhang Y, Chung M, Kafker N, Islam M, Lampson B, Chakraborty A, Kaelin WG, Bass AJ. Mutant p53 induces a hypoxia transcriptional program in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma. JCI Insight 2019; 4:128439. [PMID: 31391338 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the propensity for gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas to select for recurrent missense mutations in TP53, the precise functional consequence of these mutations remains unclear. Here we report that endogenous mRNA and protein levels of mutant p53 were elevated in cell lines and patients with gastric and esophageal cancer. Functional studies showed that mutant p53 was sufficient, but not necessary, for enhancing primary tumor growth in vivo. Unbiased genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed that hypoxia signaling was induced by mutant p53 in 2 gastric cancer cell lines. Using real-time in vivo imaging, we confirmed that hypoxia reporter activity was elevated during the initiation of mutant p53 gastric cancer xenografts. Unlike HIF co-factor ARNT, HIF1α was required for primary tumor growth in mutant p53 gastric cancer. These findings elucidate the contribution of missense p53 mutations in gastroesophageal malignancy and indicate that hypoxia signaling rather than mutant p53 itself may serve as a therapeutic vulnerability in these deadly set of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Sethi
- Department of Medical Oncology and.,Center for Gastrointestinal Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osamu Kikuchi
- Department of Medical Oncology and.,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James McFarland
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William G Kaelin
- Department of Medical Oncology and.,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam J Bass
- Department of Medical Oncology and.,Center for Gastrointestinal Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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145
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Brattås MK, Reikvam H, Tvedt THA, Bruserud Ø. Precision medicine for TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2019.1644164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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146
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Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive, incurable and fatal neurodegenerative conditions. The term 'prion' was first nominated to express the revolutionary concept that a protein could be infectious. We now know that prions consist of PrPSc, the pathological aggregated form of the cellular prion protein PrPC. Over the years, the term has been semantically broadened to describe aggregates irrespective of their infectivity, and the prion concept is now being applied, perhaps overenthusiastically, to all neurodegenerative diseases that involve protein aggregation. Indeed, recent studies suggest that prion diseases (PrDs) and protein misfolding disorders (PMDs) share some common disease mechanisms, which could have implications for potential treatments. Nevertheless, the transmissibility of bona fide prions is unique, and PrDs should be considered as distinct from other PMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Scheckel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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147
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Cao C, Zhou JY, Xie SW, Guo XJ, Li GT, Gong YJ, Yang WJ, Li Z, Zhong RH, Shao HH, Zhu Y. Metformin Enhances Nomegestrol Acetate Suppressing Growth of Endometrial Cancer Cells and May Correlate to Downregulating mTOR Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3308. [PMID: 31284427 PMCID: PMC6650946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of a novel progestin and its combination with metformin on the growth of endometrial cancer (EC) cells. Inhibitory effects of four progestins, including nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC), medroxyprogesterone acetate, levonorgestrel, and cyproterone acetate, were evaluated in RL95-2, HEC-1A, and KLE cells using cell counting kit-8 assay. Flow cytometry was performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. The activity of Akt (protein kinase B), mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and its downstream substrates 4EBP1 (4E-binding protein 1) and eIF4G (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G) were assayed by Western blotting. Nude mice were used to assess antitumor effects in vivo. NOMAC inhibited the growth of RL95-2 and HEC-1A cells, accompanied by arresting the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, inducing apoptosis, and markedly down-regulating the level of phosphorylated mTOR/4EBP1/eIF4G in both cell lines (p < 0.05). Metformin significantly increased the inhibitory effect of and apoptosis induced by NOMAC and strengthened the depressive effect of NOMAC on activity of mTOR and its downstream substrates, compared to their treatment alone (p < 0.05). In xenograft tumor tissues, metformin (100 mg/kg) enhanced the suppressive effect of NOMAC (100 mg/kg) on mTOR signaling and increased the average concentration of NOMAC by nearly 1.6 times compared to NOMAC treatment alone. Taken together, NOMAC suppressing the growth of EC cells likely correlates to down-regulating the activity of the mTOR pathway and metformin could strengthen this effect. Our findings open a new window for the selection of progestins in hormone therapy of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cao
- Pharmacy School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie-Yun Zhou
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Wu Xie
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiang-Jie Guo
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Ting Li
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Juan Gong
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Hua Zhong
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Hao Shao
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Lab of Reproductive Pharmacology, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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148
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Thoenen E, Curl A, Iwakuma T. TP53 in bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202:149-164. [PMID: 31276706 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genomic and functional study of existing and emerging sarcoma targets, such as fusion proteins, chromosomal aberrations, reduced tumor suppressor activity, and oncogenic drivers, is broadening our understanding of sarcomagenesis. Among these mechanisms, the tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) plays significant roles in the suppression of bone and soft tissue sarcoma progression. Although mutations in TP53 were thought to be relatively low in sarcomas, modern techniques including whole-genome sequencing have recently illuminated unappreciated alterations in TP53 in osteosarcoma. In addition, oncogenic gain-of-function activities of missense mutant p53 (mutp53) have been reported in sarcomas. Moreover, new targeting strategies for TP53 have been discovered: restoration of wild-type p53 (wtp53) activity through inhibition of TP53 negative regulators, reactivation of the wtp53 activity from mutp53, depletion of mutp53, and targeting of vulnerabilities in cells with TP53 deletions or mutations. These discoveries enable development of novel therapeutic strategies for therapy-resistant sarcomas. We have outlined nine bone and soft tissue sarcomas for which TP53 plays a crucial tumor suppressive role. These include osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), synovial sarcoma, liposarcoma (LPS), angiosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Thoenen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA
| | - Amanda Curl
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66010, USA; Translational Laboratory Oncology Research, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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149
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How mutant p53 empowers Foxh1 fostering leukaemogenesis? Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:108. [PMID: 31263576 PMCID: PMC6591325 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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150
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Cohen L, Tsai KY. Molecular and immune targets for Merkel cell carcinoma therapy and prevention. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1602-1611. [PMID: 31116890 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, for which the exact mechanisms of carcinogenesis remain unknown. Therapeutic options for this highly aggressive malignancy have historically been limited in both their initial response and response durability. Recent improvements in our understanding of MCC tumor biology have expanded therapeutic options for these patients, namely through the use of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. Further elucidation of the tumor mutational landscape has identified molecular targets for therapies, which have demonstrated success in other cancer types. In this review, we discuss both current and investigational immune and molecular targets of therapy for MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Cohen
- Department of Dermatology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida.,Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.,Donald A. Adam Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center of Excellence, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
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