101
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Ghaemi Z, Soltani BM, Mowla SJ. ErbB4-encoded novel miRNAs act as tumor suppressors by regulating ErbB/PI3K signaling. Tumour Biol 2022; 44:215-230. [DOI: 10.3233/tub-211570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: ErbB/PI3K signaling is widely recognized as a critical modulator of malignancy and miRNAs have been found to play a crucial role in the regulation of this pathway. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify novel miRNAs related to the ErbBs loci and investigate the functional effects of these miRNAs on ErbB/PI3K signaling in cancer progression. MATERIALS and METHODS: Bioinformatics tools and RNA-seq data were used to discover novel miRNAs in breast and colon cancer cells. Gene expression levels were determined using RT-qPCR. Western blotting and dual-luciferase assays were used to identify the regulatory mechanism between ErbB4-miR1/2 and related genes. The effects of ErbB4-miR1/2 on cell proliferation, viability, ROS production, and migration were assessed by PI-flow cytometry, colony formation, MTT, ROS, scratch, and transwell assays in SKBR3 and SW480 cells. RESULTS: MicroRNA prediction tools, RNA-seq data, RT-qPCR, and sequencing results identified ErbB4-miR1 and ErbB4-miR2 (ErbB4-miR1/2) as novel miRNAs encoded by ErbB4 gene. ErbB4-miR1/2 were downregulated in breast and colon tumor tissues and also in different cancerous cells. RT-qPCR and dual-luciferase assays revealed that ErbB2 and ErbB3 genes are regulated by ErbB4-miR1/2. Consistently, a decrease in the p-AKT/AKT protein ratio verified the suppressive effect of ErbB4-miR1/2 on ErbB/PI3K activity. Furthermore, ErbB4-miR1/2 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, viability, and migration, and increased ROS production. CONCLUSIONS: ErbB4-miR1/2 are novel tumor suppressor miRNAs which attenuate ErbB/PI3K signaling in breast and colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram M. Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Colombo M, Passarelli F, Corsetto PA, Rizzo AM, Marabese M, De Simone G, Pastorelli R, Broggini M, Brunelli L, Caiola E. NSCLC Cells Resistance to PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors Is Mediated by Delta-6 Fatty Acid Desaturase (FADS2). Cells 2022; 11:cells11233719. [PMID: 36496978 PMCID: PMC9736998 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of the most common events in human cancers. Several efforts have been made toward the identification of selective PI3K pathway inhibitors. However, the success of these molecules has been partially limited due to unexpected toxicities, the selection of potentially responsive patients, and intrinsic resistance to treatments. Metabolic alterations are intimately linked to drug resistance; altered metabolic pathways can help cancer cells adapt to continuous drug exposure and develop resistant phenotypes. Here we report the metabolic alterations underlying the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines resistant to the usual PI3K-mTOR inhibitor BEZ235. In this study, we identified that an increased unsaturation degree of lipid species is associated with increased plasma membrane fluidity in cells with the resistant phenotype and that fatty acid desaturase FADS2 mediates the acquisition of chemoresistance. Therefore, new studies focused on reversing drug resistance based on membrane lipid modifications should consider the contribution of desaturase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Colombo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Passarelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola A. Corsetto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela M. Rizzo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Marabese
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia De Simone
- Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers Unit, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers Unit, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Broggini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers Unit, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Elisa Caiola
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
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103
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González-Moles MÁ, Keim-del Pino C, Ramos-García P. Hallmarks of Cancer Expression in Oral Lichen Planus: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13099. [PMID: 36361889 PMCID: PMC9658487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and likely autoimmune nature that is currently considered an oral potentially malignant disorder, implying that patients suffering from this process are at risk of developing oral cancer in their lifetime. The molecular alterations that develop in OLP and that make the affected oral epithelium predisposed to malignancy are unknown, although, as in other autoimmune diseases (ulcerative colitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, etc.), they may be linked to oncogenesis-promoting effects mediated by the inflammatory infiltrate. So far there is no in-depth knowledge on how these hallmarks of cancer are established in the cells of the oral epithelium affected by OLP. In this scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses the state of evidence based knowledge in this field is presented, to point out gaps of evidence and to indicate future lines of research. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Dare were searched for secondary-level studies published before October 2022. The results identified 20 systematic reviews and meta-analyses critically appraising the hallmarks tumor-promoting inflammation (n = 17, 85%), sustaining proliferative signaling (n = 2, 10%), and evading growth suppressors (n = 1, 5%). No evidence was found for the other hallmarks of cancer in OLP. In conclusion, OLP malignization hypothetically derives from the aggressions of the inflammatory infiltrate and a particular type of epithelial response based on increased epithelial proliferation, evasion of growth-suppressive signals and lack of apoptosis. Future evidence-based research is required to support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Keim-del Pino
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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104
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Choi Y, Park NJY, Le TM, Lee E, Lee D, Nguyen HDT, Cho J, Park JY, Han HS, Chong GO. Immune Pathway and Gene Database (IMPAGT) Revealed the Immune Dysregulation Dynamics and Overactivation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Tumor Buddings of Cervical Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5139-5152. [PMID: 36354662 PMCID: PMC9688570 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor budding (TB) is a small cluster of malignant cells at the invasive front of a tumor. Despite being an adverse prognosis marker, little research has been conducted on the tumor immune microenvironment of tumor buddings, especially in cervical cancer. Therefore, RNA sequencing was performed using 21 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded slides of cervical tissues, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. Immune Pathway and Gene Database (IMPAGT) was generated for immune profiling. "Pathway in Cancer" was identified as the most enriched pathway for both up- and downregulated DEGs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Mapper and Gene Ontology further revealed the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. An IMPAGT analysis revealed immune dysregulation even at the tumor budding stage, especially in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis, with a high efficiency and integrity. These findings emphasized the clinical significance of tumor buddings and the necessity of blocking the overactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to improve targeted therapy in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Nora Jee-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Korea
| | - Tan Minh Le
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Eunmi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Hong Duc Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Junghwan Cho
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
| | - Hyung Soo Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 Four Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Gun Oh Chong
- Clinical Omics Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41405, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
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105
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Akhtar N, Chen CL, Chattopadhyay S. PDT-active upconversion nanoheaters for targeted imaging guided combinatorial cancer phototherapies with low-power single NIR excitation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213117. [PMID: 36155246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A versatile nanoformulation is designed by anchoring human transferrin protein (Tf) on fluoromagnetic upconverting nanoheaters, NaGdF4:Yb,Er (UCNP), loaded with Rose Bengal (RB), for multimodal imaging guided synergistic photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) at the targeted tumor site. The NIR excitation of the UCNP-RB Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) pair results in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for PDT, whereas the non-radiative transitions in Er result in the heat required for PTT. The intravenously injected theranostic agent (UCNP@Tf-RB) enabled; (1) combinatorial PTT and PDT of 4T1 tumors with minimal systemic toxicity, (2) dual targeted (passive and active) tumor accumulation, (3) dual-modal imaging (MRI/photothermal), and, (4) excellent stability and biocompatibility. The in vitro therapy data corroborates the MRI findings that Tf conjugation resulted in actively targeted tumor accumulation via over-expressed transferrin receptors (TfR) on 4T1 cells. Real-time photothermal imaging enabled visualization of the tumor while receiving the therapy. The UCNP@Tf-RB, for synergistic PTT-PDT, and UCNP@Tf, for PTT only, caused rapid suppression of tumor with a tumor-growth inhibition index (TGII) of ~0.91, and 0.79, respectively. Histopathological examination demonstrated minimal damage to non-targeted tissues and caused significant damage to the tumor. This theranostic methodology enhances anti-cancer therapeutic efficiency, and announces the potential for pre-clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najim Akhtar
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Lin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Surojit Chattopadhyay
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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106
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Yan H, Fu Z, Lin P, Gu Y, Cao J, Li Y. Inhibition of human glioblastoma multiforme cells by 10,11-dehydrocurvularin through the MMP-2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 936:175348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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107
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Kennedy JJ, Woodcock A, Ivey RG, Lin C, Corral G, Hooper E, Martin G, Longman G, Stancik B, Cromwell EA, Whiteaker JR, Zhao L, Lorentzen TD, Thielman S, Paulovich AG. Preserving the Phosphoproteome of Clinical Biopsies Using a Quick-Freeze Collection Device. Biopreserv Biobank 2022; 20:436-445. [PMID: 36301140 PMCID: PMC9603275 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in proteomic analyses of tissue biopsies to reveal pathophysiology and identify biomarkers. The current gold standard for collecting tissue biopsies for preserving the proteome and post-translational modifications is flash freezing in liquid nitrogen (LN2). However, in many clinical settings, this is not an option due to unavailability of LN2 nor trained personnel for rapid biospecimen processing. To address this need, we developed a proof-of-concept quick-freeze prototype device to rapidly freeze biospecimens at the point-of-care to preserve the phosphoproteome without the need for LN2. Our objectives were to develop the device, demonstrate the ease of use, confirm the ability to ship through existing cold chain logistics, and evaluate the cooling performance (i.e., cool a tissue sample to <0°C in <60 seconds, below -8°C in <120 seconds, and maintain temperature <0°C for >60 minutes) in the context of preserving the proteome in a tissue biospecimen. To demonstrate feasibility, the performance of the prototype was benchmarked against flash freezing in LN2 using a murine melanoma patient-derived xenograft model subjected to total body irradiation to elicit phosphosignaling in the DNA damage response network. Tumors were harvested and quadrisected, with two parts of the tumor being snap frozen in LN2, and the remaining two parts being rapidly cooled in the prototype quick-freeze biospecimen containers. Phosphoproteins were profiled by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and quantified by targeted multiple reaction monitoring MS. Overall, the phosphoproteome was equivalent in biospecimens processed using the quick-freeze containers to those using the LN2 gold standard, although the measurements of a subset of phosphopeptides in the device-frozen specimens were more variable than LN2-frozen specimens. The prototype device forms the framework for development of a commercial device that will improve tissue biopsy preservation for measurement of important phosphosignaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J. Kennedy
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Richard G. Ivey
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - ChenWei Lin
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Guy Corral
- Product Creation Studio, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eli Hooper
- Product Creation Studio, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Gina Longman
- Product Creation Studio, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Cromwell
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Travis D. Lorentzen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, Washington, USA
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108
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Asano S, Yamasaka M, Ozasa K, Sakamoto K, Hayata-Takano A, Nakazawa T, Hashimoto H, Waschek JA, Ago Y. Vasoactive intestinal peptide–VIPR2 signaling regulates tumor cell migration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:852358. [PMID: 36237322 PMCID: PMC9550923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.852358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide metabolism is critically involved in human cancer cell migration and metastatic growth. The formation of lamellipodia at the leading edge of migrating cells is regulated by metabolism of the inositol phospholipid PI(4,5)P2 into PI(3,4,5)P3. The synthesized PI(3,4,5)P3 promotes the translocation of WASP family verprolin homologous protein 2 (WAVE2) to the plasma membrane and regulates guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rac-mediated actin filament remodeling. Here, we investigated if VIPR2, a receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), has a potential role in regulating cell migration via this pathway. We found that silencing of VIPR2 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells inhibited VIP-induced cell migration. In contrast, stable expression of exogenous VIPR2 promoted VIP-induced tumor cell migration, an effect that was inhibited by the addition of a PI3-kinase (PI3K)γ inhibitor or a VIPR2-selective antagonist. VIPR2 stably-expressing cells exhibited increased PI3K activity. Membrane localization of PI(3,4,5)P3 was significantly attenuated by VIPR2-silencing. VIPR2-silencing in MDA-MB-231 cells suppressed lamellipodium extension; in VIPR2-overexpressing cells, VIPR2 accumulated in the cell membrane on lamellipodia and co-localized with WAVE2. Conversely, VIPR2-silencing reduced WAVE2 level on the cell membrane and inhibited the interaction between WAVE2, actin-related protein 3, and actin. These findings suggest that VIP–VIPR2 signaling controls cancer migration by regulating WAVE2-mediated actin nucleation and elongation for lamellipodium formation through the synthesis of PI(3,4,5)P3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Satoshi Asano, ; Yukio Ago,
| | - Misa Yamasaka
- School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kairi Ozasa
- School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Sakamoto
- Research and Development Department, Ichimaru Pharcos Company Limited, Gifu, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hayata-Takano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takanobu Nakazawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, and University of Fukui, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Bioscience, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Transdimensional Life Imaging Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - James A. Waschek
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yukio Ago
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Satoshi Asano, ; Yukio Ago,
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109
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Mixed lineage kinase 3 and CD70 cooperation sensitize trastuzumab-resistant HER2 + breast cancer by ceramide-loaded nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205454119. [PMID: 36095190 PMCID: PMC9499572 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205454119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is the first-line therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, but often patients develop acquired resistance. Although other agents are in clinical use to treat trastuzumab-resistant (TR) breast cancer; still, the patients develop recurrent metastatic disease. One of the primary mechanisms of acquired resistance is the shedding/loss of the HER2 extracellular domain, where trastuzumab binds. We envisioned any new agent acting downstream of the HER2 should overcome trastuzumab resistance. The mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) activation by trastuzumab is necessary for promoting cell death in HER2+ breast cancer. We designed nanoparticles loaded with MLK3 agonist ceramide (PPP-CNP) and tested their efficacy in sensitizing TR cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX). The PPP-CNP activated MLK3, its downstream JNK kinase activity, and down-regulated AKT pathway signaling in TR cell lines and PDX. The activation of MLK3 and down-regulation of AKT signaling by PPP-CNP induced cell death and inhibited cellular proliferation in TR cells and PDX. The apoptosis in TR cells was dependent on increased CD70 protein expression and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities by PPP-CNP. The PPP-CNP treatment alike increased the expression of CD70, CD27, cleaved caspase-9, and caspase-3 with a concurrent tumor burden reduction of TR PDX. Moreover, the expressions of CD70 and ceramide levels were lower in TR than sensitive HER2+ human breast tumors. Our in vitro and preclinical animal models suggest that activating the MLK3-CD70 axis by the PPP-CNP could sensitize/overcome trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ breast cancer.
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110
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Asano S, Maetani Y, Ago Y, Kanematsu T. Phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein enhances cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175273. [PMID: 36108738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents and induces caspase-9-mediated apoptosis. Here, we examined whether phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein (PRIP) enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. PRIP depletion increased expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) by inhibiting protein degradation, which is downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway and inhibits apoptotic signaling by blocking caspase-9 activation. Conversely, the viability of MCF-7 cells transfected with Prip1 was significantly lower than that of control cells in the presence of cisplatin. The number of apoptotic nuclei and expression levels of cleaved caspase-9 and downstream cleaved caspase-7 and poly-ADP ribose polymerase were greater in PRIP1-expressing MCF-7 cells treated with cisplatin than in control cells. XIAP was decreased by expression of pleckstrin homology domain of PRIP1 (PRIP1-PH domain) that blocked phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate metabolism. In an orthotopic transplantation model, combined administration of PRIP1-PH domain-containing liposomes and cisplatin reduced the size of MCF-7 tumors compared with cisplatin alone. Our findings demonstrate that PRIP promotes XIAP degradation by inhibiting PI(3,4,5)P3/AKT signaling and enhances cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death. Therefore, we propose that PRIP1-PH liposomes are a novel agent to avoid cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Yuka Maetani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Ago
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanematsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Cell Biology, Aging Science, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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111
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da Silva FA, Rodrigues-Ribeiro L, Melo-Braga MN, Passos-Silva DG, Sampaio WO, Gorshkov V, Kjeldsen F, Verano-Braga T, Santos RAS. Phosphoproteomic studies of alamandine signaling in CHO-MrgD and human pancreatic carcinoma cells: An antiproliferative effect is unveiled. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2100255. [PMID: 35652611 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alamandine is a heptapeptide from the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with similar structure/function to angiotensin-(1-7) [ang-(1-7)], but they act via different receptors. It remains elusive whether alamandine is an antiproliferative agent like ang-(1-7). The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential antiproliferative activity of alamandine and the underlying cellular signaling. We evaluated alamandine effect in the tumoral cell lines Mia PaCa-2 and A549, and in the nontumoral cell lines HaCaT, CHO and CHO transfected with the alamandine receptor MrgD (CHO-MrgD). Alamandine was able to reduce the proliferation of the tumoral cell lines in a MrgD-dependent fashion. We did not observe any effect in the nontumoral cell lines tested. We also performed proteomics and phosphoproteomics to study the alamandine signaling in Mia PaCa-2 and CHO-MrgD. Data suggest that alamandine induces a shift from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism in the tumoral cells, induces a negative regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and activates the transcriptional factor FoxO1; events that could explain, at least partially, the observed antiproliferative effect of alamandine. This study provides for the first time a comprehensive investigation of the alamandine signaling in tumoral (Mia PaCa-2) and nontumoral (CHO-MrgD) cells, highlighting the antiproliferative activity of alamandine/MrgD and its possible antitumoral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Alex da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rodrigues-Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcella Nunes Melo-Braga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danielle Gomes Passos-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Walkyria Oliveira Sampaio
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - Frank Kjeldsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark
| | - Thiago Verano-Braga
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Robson Augusto Souza Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Callegari E, Guerriero P, Bassi C, D’Abundo L, Frassoldati A, Simoni E, Astolfi L, Silini EM, Sabbioni S, Negrini M. miR-199a-3p increases the anti-tumor activity of palbociclib in liver cancer models. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:538-549. [PMID: 36035756 PMCID: PMC9395755 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Palbociclib is in early-stage clinical testing in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we investigated whether the anti-tumor activity of palbociclib, which prevents the CDK4/6-mediated phosphorylation of RB1 but simultaneously activates AKT signaling, could be improved by its combination with a PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor in liver cancer models. The selective pan-AKT inhibitor, MK-2206, or the microRNA-199a-3p were tested in combination with palbociclib in HCC cell lines and in the TG221 HCC transgenic mouse model. The combination palbociclib/MK-2206 was highly effective, but too toxic to be tolerated by mice. Conversely, the combination miR-199a-3p mimics/palbociclib not only induced a complete or partial regression of tumor lesions, but was also well tolerated. After 3 weeks of treatment, the combination produced a significant reduction in number and size of tumor nodules in comparison with palbociclib or miR-199a-3p mimics used as single agents. Moreover, we also reported the efficacy of this combination against sorafenib-resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. At the molecular level, the combination caused the simultaneous decrease of the phosphorylation of both RB1 and of AKT. Our findings provide pre-clinical evidence for the efficacy of the combination miR-199a-3p/palbociclib as anti-HCC treatment or as a new approach to overcome sorafenib resistance.
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Wasik A, Ratajczak-Wielgomas K, Badzinski A, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M. The Role of Periostin in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174225. [PMID: 36077762 PMCID: PMC9454705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancers are common diseases that affect people of all ages worldwide. For this reason, continuous attempts are being made to improve current therapeutic options. The formation of metastases significantly decreases patient survival. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that are involved in this process seems to be crucial for effective cancer therapy. Cancer dissemination occurs mainly through blood and lymphatic vessels. As a result, many scientists have conducted a number of studies on the formation of new vessels. Many studies have shown that proangiogenic factors and the extracellular matrix protein, i.e., periostin, may be important in tumor angio- and lymphangiogenesis, thus contributing to metastasis formation and worsening of the prognosis. Abstract Periostin (POSTN) is a protein that is part of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and which significantly affects the control of intracellular signaling pathways (PI3K-AKT, FAK) through binding integrin receptors (αvβ3, αvβ5, α6β4). In addition, increased POSTN expression enhances the expression of VEGF family growth factors and promotes Erk phosphorylation. As a result, this glycoprotein controls the Erk/VEGF pathway. Therefore, it plays a crucial role in the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels, which may be significant in the process of metastasis. Moreover, POSTN is involved in the proliferation, progression, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. Its increased expression has been detected in many cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma and glioblastoma. Many studies have shown that this protein may be an independent prognostic and predictive factor in many cancers, which may influence the choice of optimal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Wasik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ratajczak-Wielgomas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkadiusz Badzinski
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Center, Silesia LabMed: Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okolow
- Department of Human Biology, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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The In Vitro Effect of Psoralen on Glioma Based on Network Pharmacology and Potential Target Research. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1952891. [PMID: 36065261 PMCID: PMC9440786 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1952891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is an aggressive tumor, currently there is no satisfactory management available. Psoralen, as a natural product, has been found to have an effect of treating cancer in recent years, but its effect on glioma has not been explored. In this study, we investigated the in vitro inhibition effect and potential targets of psoralen on glioma through network pharmacology and in vitro glioma treatment experiments. First, we used network pharmacology to preliminarily predict the 21 core genes of psoralen in the treatment of glioma, including PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CG, and JAK2. The CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of psoralen on the proliferation of glioma U87 and U251 cells, and the results showed that psoralen could significantly inhibit the proliferation of U87 and U251 cells. The flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis and cell cycle changes, and it was found that psoralen could significantly promote the early apoptosis of U87 and U251 cells and had a significant cycle arrest effect on the two cells. The cell scratch test showed that psoralen could significantly inhibit the migration of U87 and U251 cells. The relative expression levels of PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CG, and JAK2 were analyzed by Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QT-PCR), and the results showed that psoralen could inhibit the gene expression of PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CG, and JAK2. Later, Western blotting (WB) experiments showed that psoralen could inhibit the protein expressions of PI3K and JAK2. This study has preliminarily explored and verified the antiglioma effect of psoralen in the form of inhibiting cell proliferation and migration, promoting cell apoptosis and organizing cell cycle in vitro. And may play a role by inhibiting the expression of PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CG, JAK2 gene and PI3K, JAK2 protein, psoralen has become a potential antiglioma drug.
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Li H, Chang HM, Li S, Klausen C, Shi Z, Leung PC. Characterization of the roles of amphiregulin and transforming growth factor β1 in microvasculature-like formation in human granulosa-lutein cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:968166. [PMID: 36092732 PMCID: PMC9448859 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) is an essential component that regulates angiogenesis during corpus luteum formation. Amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) are two intrafollicular factors that possess opposite functions in directing corpus luteum development and progesterone synthesis in human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells. However, whether AREG or TGF-β1 regulates the VE-cadherin expression and subsequent angiogenesis in the human corpus luteum remains to be elucidated. Results showed that hGL cells cultured on Matrigel spontaneously formed capillary-like and sprout-like microvascular networks. Results of specific inhibitor treatment and small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed that AREG promoteed microvascular-like formation in hGL cells by upregulating the VE-cadherin expression mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway. However, TGF-β1 suppressed microvascular-like formation in hGL cells by downregulating VE-cadherin expression mediated by the activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)5-Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD)2/3/4 signaling pathway. Collectively, this study provides important insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms by which TGF-β1 and AREG differentially regulate corpus luteum formation in human ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsun-Ming Chang, ; Peter C.K. Leung,
| | - Saijiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Christian Klausen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter C.K. Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Hsun-Ming Chang, ; Peter C.K. Leung,
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Feng Z, Ou Y, Hao L. The roles of glycolysis in osteosarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950886. [PMID: 36059961 PMCID: PMC9428632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is of great significance in the progression of various cancers and is critical for cancer progression, diagnosis, and treatment. Cellular metabolic pathways mainly include glycolysis, fat metabolism, glutamine decomposition, and oxidative phosphorylation. In cancer cells, reprogramming metabolic pathways is used to meet the massive energy requirement for tumorigenesis and development. Metabolisms are also altered in malignant osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Among reprogrammed metabolisms, alterations in aerobic glycolysis are key to the massive biosynthesis and energy demands of OS cells to sustain their growth and metastasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that compared to normal cells, glycolysis in OS cells under aerobic conditions is substantially enhanced to promote malignant behaviors such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of OS. Glycolysis in OS is closely related to various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and numerous signaling pathways have been reported to be involved in the regulation of glycolysis. In recent years, a vast number of inhibitors and natural products have been discovered to inhibit OS progression by targeting glycolysis-related proteins. These potential inhibitors and natural products may be ideal candidates for the treatment of osteosarcoma following hundreds of preclinical and clinical trials. In this article, we explore key pathways, glycolysis enzymes, non-coding RNAs, inhibitors, and natural products regulating aerobic glycolysis in OS cells to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between glycolysis and the progression of OS and discover novel therapeutic approaches targeting glycolytic metabolism in OS.
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Gulhane P, Singh S. MicroRNA-520c-3p impacts sphingolipid metabolism mediating PI3K/AKT signaling in NSCLC: Systems perspective. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1827-1840. [PMID: 35977046 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increasing research suggests that sphingolipid metabolism is essential for the progression and metastasis of cancer. The underlying mechanistic insight into the dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism affecting pathways is poorly investigated. As a result, the goal of the current study was to glean knowledge from the systems biology approach to investigate how the sphingolipid metabolism affects the signal transduction network in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of cancer in terms of occurrence and death globally. Our paper includes system-level models representing the diseased and healthy states elucidating that sphingolipids and its enzymes mediate PI3K/AKT pathway. Notably, its activation of downstream signaling mediators has led to cancer growth. Considering the critical role of sphingolipids in NSCLC, our study advocates the target CERS6 which can be potentially inhibited using hsa-miR-520c-3p to combat NSCLC for future precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gulhane
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cellular Response, Computational and Systems Biology Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- Department of Pathogenesis and Cellular Response, Computational and Systems Biology Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
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Matrine induces autophagy in human neuroblastoma cells via blocking the AKT-mTOR pathway. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:167. [PMID: 35972593 PMCID: PMC9381455 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01762-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common malignant solid tumors in children. Despite significant advances in the treatment strategy, the long-term survival rate of NB patients is only 50%. Developing new agents for NB patients deserves attention. Recent research indicates that matrine, a natural quinolizidine alkaloid component extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora root, is widely used for various diseases, including antitumor effects against a variety of cancers. However, the effect of matrine on NB is unknown. Herein, we found that matrine exerted antiproliferative activity in human NB cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Matrine triggered autophagy in NB cells by blocking the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway and suppressing the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), a PI3K inhibitor, protected against matrine-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, further supporting that the antitumor activity of matrine was at least partly autophagy-dependent. In vivo, matrine reduced tumor growth of SK-N-DZ cells in a dose-dependent manner. Matrine treatment significantly declined the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR and enhanced the LC3 II/GAPDH ratio in NB xenografts. Altogether, our work uncovered the molecular mechanism underlying matrine-induced autophagy in NB and provided implications for matrine as a potential therapeutic agent against NB.
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González-Moles MÁ, Warnakulasuriya S, López-Ansio M, Ramos-García P. Hallmarks of Cancer Applied to Oral and Oropharyngeal Carcinogenesis: A Scoping Review of the Evidence Gaps Found in Published Systematic Reviews. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153834. [PMID: 35954497 PMCID: PMC9367256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This scoping review of systematic reviews aims to accurately assess the degree of existing scientific evidence on the cancer hallmarks proposed in 2011 by Hanahan and Weinberg, in the form of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, applied to oral potentially malignant disorders, oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, in order to point out gaps in evidence and lines of research that should be implemented in the future to improve the malignant transformation prediction, diagnosis and/or prognosis of these diseases. Abstract In 2000 and 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg published two papers in which they defined the characteristics that cells must fulfil in order to be considered neoplastic cells in all types of tumours that affect humans, which the authors called “hallmarks of cancer”. These papers have represented a milestone in our understanding of the biology of many types of cancers and have made it possible to reach high levels of scientific evidence in relation to the prognostic impact that these hallmarks have on different tumour types. However, to date, there is no study that globally analyses evidence-based knowledge on the importance of these hallmarks in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. For this reason, we set out to conduct this scoping review of systematic reviews with the aim of detecting evidence gaps in relation to the relevance of the cancer hallmarks proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg in oral and oropharyngeal cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders, and to point out future lines of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- WHO Collaborating for Oral Cancer, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - María López-Ansio
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Mortazavi M, Moosavi F, Martini M, Giovannetti E, Firuzi O. Prospects of targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in pancreatic cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103749. [PMID: 35728737 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst prognoses among all malignancies. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, a main downstream effector of KRAS is involved in the regulation of key hallmarks of cancer. We here report that whole-genome analyses demonstrate the frequent involvement of aberrant activations of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway components in PDAC patients and critically evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence on the application of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway targeting agents. Combinations of these agents with chemotherapeutics or other targeted therapies, including the modulators of cyclin-dependent kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases and RAF/MEK/ERK pathway are also examined. Although human genetic studies and preclinical pharmacological investigations have provided strong evidence on the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in PDAC, clinical studies in general have not been as promising. Patient stratification seems to be the key missing point and with the advent of biomarker-guided clinical trials, targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway could provide valuable assets for treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Mortazavi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moosavi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Miriam Martini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazine Pisana per la Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Nakaguro M, Sadow PM, Hu R, Hattori H, Kuwabara K, Tsuzuki T, Urano M, Nagao T, Faquin WC. NKX3.1 Expression in Salivary Gland "Intraductal" Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm: A Low-Grade Subtype of Salivary Gland Mucinous Adenocarcinoma. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:1114-1123. [PMID: 35834096 PMCID: PMC9729659 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (SG IPMN) is a recently proposed entity characterized by a papillary-cystic proliferation of mucin-producing cells. Because of overlapping histologic features and a clonal AKT1 p.E17K variant, SG IPMN has been presumed to be a precursor or a low-grade subtype of mucinous adenocarcinoma. NKX3.1 is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 8p and is a known immunohistochemical marker of prostate epithelium and mucinous acinar cells of the intraoral salivary glands. METHODS We retrieved 12 SG IPMN cases, and performed histologic and genetic analysis. Given the association of SG IPMN with mucinous acinar cells, we also investigated the performance of NKX3.1 as a marker of this tumor entity. RESULTS Diffuse and strong NKX3.1 expression was observed in all SG IPMN cases (12/12, 100%) as well as in normal mucinous acinar cells. In contrast, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and pancreatic IPMN cases as well as normal serous acinar cells were negative for NKX3.1. Genetically, 11 of 12 cases (92%) harbored an AKT1 p.E17K variant. A novel PTEN frameshift deletion (p.G36Dfs*18) was detected in the other single case. At least one of the histologic features implying malignant tumors, such as severe cellular atypia, brisk mitotic activity, high Ki-67 proliferating index, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis, was detected in 6 SG IPMN cases (50%). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that SG IPMN is a low-grade subtype of mucinous adenocarcinoma which may be derived from mucinous acinar cells of the minor salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakaguro
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.437848.40000 0004 0569 8970Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560 Japan
| | - Peter M. Sadow
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Rong Hu
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI USA
| | - Hikaru Hattori
- grid.437848.40000 0004 0569 8970Department of Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kuwabara
- grid.415442.20000 0004 1763 8254Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- grid.411234.10000 0001 0727 1557Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Urano
- grid.256115.40000 0004 1761 798XDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Bantane Hospital, Fujita Health University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - William C. Faquin
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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Liu K, Zheng W, Chen Y, Tang M, Li D, Deng D, Yang T, Zhang C, Liu J, Yuan X, Shi M, Li X, Guo Y, Zhou Y, Zhao M, Chen L. Discovery, Optimization, and Evaluation of Potent and Selective PI3Kδ-γ Dual Inhibitors for the Treatment of B-cell Malignancies. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9893-9917. [PMID: 35831917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, PI3Kδ-γ dual inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Dual inhibition of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ represents a unique therapeutic opportunity and may confer greater benefits than either isoform inhibition alone in the management of hematological malignancies. However, currently available dual inhibitors of PI3Kδ-γ compromise in at least one of several essential properties in terms of potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Hence, the main challenge of our optimization campaign was to identify an oral available PI3Kδ-γ dual inhibitor with an optimum balance of potency, selectivity, and PK profiles. The medicinal chemistry efforts culminated in the discovery of compound 58, which exhibited strong potency and high selectivity along with excellent in vivo profiles as demonstrated through PK studies in rats and through pharmacodynamic studies in an SUDHL-6 xenograft model. All the results suggest that compound 58 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongjun Liu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Li
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dexin Deng
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chufeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Yuan
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiandeng Li
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Natural and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Chengdu Zenitar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610041, China
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123
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Zhao Y, Li J, Chen J, Ye M, Jin X. Functional roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in prostate cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1125-1144. [PMID: 35816219 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a malignant epithelial tumor of the prostate gland with a high male cancer incidence. Numerous studies indicate that abnormal function of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is associated with the progression and metastasis of PCa. E3 ubiquitin ligases, key components of UPS, determine the specificity of substrates, and substantial advances of E3 ubiquitin ligases have been reached recently. Herein, we introduce the structures and functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases and summarize the mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligases-related PCa signaling pathways. In addition, some progresses in the development of inhibitors targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Department of Chemoradiotherapy, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Jinyun Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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No Effect on Tumorigenesis in MG63 Cells Induced by Co-Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4202439. [PMID: 35847369 PMCID: PMC9279036 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4202439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a kind of bone tumor with an extremely high malignant degree and often occurs in adolescents. Mesenchymal stem cells are believed to play an important role in the microenvironment of osteosarcoma, but whether they promote or inhibit the development of osteosarcoma is controversial. In this study, the coexpression of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with osteosarcoma cell MG63 was used to explore the effect of MSCs on MG63. We found that co-culture of MSCs with MG63 did not affect the proliferation, invasion, and migration of MG63 cells, nor did it significantly affect the epithelial- and glial-mesenchymal transformation of MG63 cells. Therefore, in this study, we obtained a new concept that MSCs neither promote nor inhibit the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma.
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125
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Wu Y, Wu Y, Xu C, Sun W, You Z, Wang Y, Zhang S. CHMP1A suppresses the growth of renal cell carcinoma cells via regulation of the PI3K/mTOR/p53 signaling pathway. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:823-832. [PMID: 35583792 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CHMP1A, a member of the ESCRT-III complex family, has been indicated as a brand-new inhibitor gene of tumors. Our previous research has revealed that CHMP1A plays a vital role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential target pathway of the regulation of the tumor cell growth by CHMP1A. METHODS The effect of CHMP1A on mTOR pathway was elucidated by western blotting. The effect of CHMP1A on the expression of p53 was evaluated, and A498 cell growth was assessed by colony formation and MTT assays. The expression of p53 was knocked down by shRNA-p53, and the effect of CHMP1A on mTOR after knockdown of p53 was evaluated. The effect of CHMP1A on apoptosis and its relationship with MDM2 pathway were detected by western blotting and FCM. Finally, the relationship between the regulation of p53 by CHMP1A and the PI3K/mTOR pathway was detected. RESULTS This study showed that the mTOR pathway was suppressed significantly in CHMP1A-overexpressing A498 and 786-0 cells; moreover, the enhanced expression of p53 and the reduced proliferation were shown in CHMP1A-overexpressing A498 cells. Furthermore, CHMP1A was able to regulate the PI3K/PTEN/mTOR and MDM2/p53 pathways in order to suppress RCC. In addition, CHMP1A regulated Bax and Bcl-2 via MDM2/p53 to induce the apoptosis of tumor cells and upregulated the expression of p53 via the PI3K/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS The results convey that CHMP1A-related suppression of RCC is closely related to the PI3K/mTOR/p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Wu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueguo Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cong Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenqiang You
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Hangzhou Medical College, No.182 Tianmushan Road, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
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126
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Ginsenoside Rg5 Sensitizes Paclitaxel—Resistant Human Cervical-Adeno-Carcinoma Cells to Paclitaxel—And Enhances the Anticancer Effect of Paclitaxel. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071142. [PMID: 35885925 PMCID: PMC9316462 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In cervical cancer chemotherapy, paclitaxel (PTX) chemoresistance has become a major difficulty, and it also affects the survival rate of numerous tumor patients. Thus, for the reversal of chemoresistance, it is imperative to develop combinatory drugs with petite or almost no side effects to sensitize cells to paclitaxel. Ginsenoside Rg5 (GRg5) may act as a chemosensitizer by reversing multidrug resistance. The present study aimed to determine the potential of GRg5 as a chemosensitizer in PTX-resistant human cervical adeno-carcinoma cell lines (HeLa cells). MTT assay was carried out to assess whether GRg5 can potentiate the cytotoxic effect of PTX in PTX- resistant HeLa cells; using flow cytometry-based annexin V-FITC assay, cellular apoptosis was analyzed; the rate of expression of the cell cycle, apoptosis and major cell-survival-signaling-related genes and its proteins were examined using RT-PCR and Western blotting technique. We found increased mRNA expression of Bak, Bax, Bid, and PUMA genes, whereas the mRNA expression of Bcl2, Bcl-XL, c-IAP-1, and MCL-1 were low; GRg5 combination triggered the efficacy of paclitaxel, which led to increased expression of Bax with an enhanced caspase-9/-3 activation, and apoptosis. Moreover, the study supports GRg5 as an inhibitor of two key signaling proteins, Akt and NF-κB, by which GRg5 augments the susceptibility of cervical cancer cells to PTX chemotherapy. GRg5 drastically potentiated the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of paclitaxel in PTX-resistant human cervical cancer cells in a synergistic mode. Moreover, in the clinical context, combining paclitaxel with GRg5 may prove to be a new approach for enhancing the efficacy of the paclitaxel.
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Mojarad-Jabali S, Mahdinloo S, Farshbaf M, Sarfraz M, Fatahi Y, Atyabi F, Valizadeh H. Transferrin receptor-mediated liposomal drug delivery: recent trends in targeted therapy of cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:685-705. [PMID: 35698794 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2083106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compared to normal cells, malignant cancer cells require more iron for their growth and rapid proliferation, which can be supplied by a high expression level of transferrin receptor (TfR). It is well known that the expression of TfR on the tumor cells is considerably higher than that of normal cells, which makes TfR an attractive target in cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED In this review, the primary focus is on the role of TfR as a valuable tool for cancer-targeted drug delivery, followed by the full coverage of available TfR ligands and their conjugation chemistry to the surface of liposomes. Finally, the most recent studies investigating the potential of TfR-targeted liposomes as promising drug delivery vehicles to different cancer cells are highlighted with emphasis on their improvement possibilities to become a part of future cancer medicines. EXPERT OPINION Liposomes as a valuable class of nanocarriers have gained much attention toward cancer therapy. From all the studies that have exploited the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of TfR on cancer cells, it can be realized that the systematic assessment of TfR ligands applied for liposomal targeted delivery has yet to be entirely accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Mojarad-Jabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student research committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mahdinloo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student research committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Farshbaf
- Student research committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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128
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Shang J, Liu X, Bi Y, Yan L, Tian C, Guan Y. Transmembrane protein 106C accelerates the progression of breast cancer through the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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129
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Demir M, Cizmecioglu O. ZAP70 Activation Compensates for Loss of Class IA PI3K Isoforms Through Activation of the JAK-STAT3 Pathway. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2022; 2:391-404. [PMID: 35530641 PMCID: PMC9066532 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Tyrosine kinases have crucial functions in cell signaling and proliferation. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently deregulated in human cancer and is an essential regulator of cellular proliferation. We aimed to determine which tyrosine kinases contribute to resistance elicited by PI3K silencing and inhibition. MATERIALS AND METHODS To mimic catalytic inactivation of p110α/β, specific p110α (BYL719) and p110β (KIN193) inhibitors were used in addition to genetic knock-out in in vitro assays. Cell viability was assessed using crystal violet staining, whereas cellular transformation ability was analyzed by soft-agar growth assays. RESULTS Activated zeta chain of T-cell receptor-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP70) generated resistance to PI3K inhibition. This resistance was via activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) axis. We demonstrated that activated ZAP70 has a high transforming capability associated with the formation of malignant phenotype in untransformed cells and has the potential to be a tumor-initiating factor in cancer cells. CONCLUSION ZAP70 may be a potent driver of proliferation and transformation in untransformed cells and is implicated in resistance to PI3K inhibitors in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Cizmecioglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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130
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Hu T, Zhang H, Du Y, Luo S, Yang X, Zhang H, Feng J, Chen X, Tu X, Wang C, Zhang Y. ELOVL2 restrains cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer via regulation of the tumor suppressor INPP4B. Cell Signal 2022; 96:110373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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131
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Shaterabadi D, Abak A, Shoorei H, Taheri M, Rakhshan A. The Interaction Between Human Papilloma Viruses Related Cancers and Non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 234:153939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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132
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High incidence of PI3K pathway gene mutations in South Indian cervical cancers. Cancer Genet 2022; 264-265:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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133
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Zhou X, Shen G, Ren D, Guo X, Han J, Guo Q, Zhao F, Wang M, Dong Q, Li Z, Zhao J. Expression and clinical prognostic value of CYB561 in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1879-1892. [PMID: 35486183 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The expression of cytochrome B561 (CYB561) and its role in breast cancer (BC) prognosis remain unclear. We analyzed the differential expression and prognostic value of CYB561 using online databases and a clinical cohort through bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry. METHODS The differential expression of CYB561 and its association with BC were analyzed using the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER), gene expression profiling interaction analysis2 (GEPIA2), Human Protein Atlas, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter website. Important pathways of CYB561 enrichment were explored using gene set enrichment analysis. Immunohistochemistry detected CYB561 expression in normal breast, breast hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), para-cancer, and invasive BC groups. Association between CYB561 expression and BC prognosis was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS CYB561 mRNA expression was higher in GEPIA and TIMER BC patients than in para-cancer tissues. CYB561 was expressed in the glandular epithelium and myoepithelium, with positive localization in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. CYB561 protein expression significantly differed among the groups. CYB561 expression was correlated with ERBB2/HER2 and infiltrating CD4+ T cells in GEPIA and TIMER BC patients and associated with HER2 status, histological grade, and molecular subtypes in the clinical cohort but not related to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. CYB561 mRNA overexpression predicted reduced recurrence-free survival and overall survival in BC. Patients with CYB561 expression had significantly reduced overall survival and increased risk of death. CONCLUSION CYB561 can serve as an effective clinical prognostic biomarker for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhou
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - GuoShuang Shen
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Dengfeng Ren
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Xinjian Guo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Jingqi Han
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Qijing Guo
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Fuxing Zhao
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Miaozhou Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Qiuxia Dong
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Zhanquan Li
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China. .,Hematology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
| | - Jiuda Zhao
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China. .,Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
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Zhou W, Yan LD, Yu ZQ, Li N, Yang YH, Wang M, Chen YY, Mao MX, Peng XC, Cai J. Role of STK11 in ALK‑positive non‑small cell lung cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:181. [PMID: 35527776 PMCID: PMC9073580 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been shown to be effective in treating patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and crizotinib, ceritinib and alectinib have been approved as clinical first-line therapeutic agents. The availability of these inhibitors has also largely changed the treatment strategy for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. However, patients still inevitably develop resistance to ALK inhibitors, leading to tumor recurrence or metastasis. The most critical issues that need to be addressed in the current treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC include the high cost of targeted inhibitors and the potential for increased toxicity and resistance to combination therapy. Recently, it has been suggested that the serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) mutation may serve as one of the biomarkers for immunotherapy in NSCLC. Therefore, the main purpose of this review was to summarize the role of STK11 in ALK-positive NSCLC. The present review also summarizes the treatment and drug resistance studies in ALK-positive NSCLC and the current status of STK11 research in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Da Yan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiong Yu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Xia Mao
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, P.R. China
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135
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Combined Targeting of AKT and mTOR Inhibits Tumor Formation of EpCAM+ and CD90+ Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in an Orthotopic Mouse Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081882. [PMID: 35454789 PMCID: PMC9024696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and Thy-1 cell surface antigen (CD90) have been implicated as cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Expression of EpCAM and CD90 on HCC cells is associated with increased tumorigenicity, metastasis and poor prognosis. In this study, we demonstrate that combined treatment with AKT and mTOR inhibitors—i.e., MK2206 and RAD001—results in a synergistic reduction in proliferation of EpCAM+ and CD90+ HCC cells cultured either as adherent cells or as tumoroids in vitro. In addition, tumor growth was reduced by combined treatment with AKT and mTOR inhibitors in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of an EpCAM+ HCC cell line (Huh7) and primary patient-derived EpCAM+ HCC cells (HCC1) as well as a CD90+ HCC-related cell line (SK-HEP1) in vivo. However, during AKT/mTOR treatment, outgrowth of therapy-resistant tumors was observed in all mice analyzed within a few weeks. Resistance was associated in most cases with restoration of AKT signaling in the tumors, intrahepatic metastases and distant metastases. In addition, an upregulation of the p38 MAPK pathway was identified in the AKT/mTOR inhibitor-resistant tumor cells by kinome profiling. The development of resistant cells during AKT/mTOR therapy was further analyzed by red-green-blue (RGB) marking of HCC cells, which revealed an outgrowth of a large number of Huh7 cells over a period of 6 months. In summary, our data demonstrate that combined treatment with AKT and mTOR inhibitors exhibits synergistic effects on proliferation of EpCAM+ as well as CD90+ HCC cells in vitro. However, the fast development of large numbers of resistant clones under AKT/mTOR therapy observed in vitro and in the orthotopic xenotransplantation mouse model in vivo strongly suggests that this therapy alone will not be sufficient to eliminate EpCAM+ or CD90+ cancer stem cells from HCC patients.
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Su WC, Tsai YC, Tsai HL, Chang TK, Yin TC, Huang CW, Chen YC, Li CC, Chen PJ, Liu YR, Hsieh TH, Wang JY. Comparison of Next-Generation Sequencing and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Personalized Treatment-Related Genomic Status in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1552-1563. [PMID: 35723364 PMCID: PMC9164059 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized treatments based on the genetic profiles of tumors can simultaneously optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity, which is beneficial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to integrate gene alterations associated with predictive and prognostic outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in-house next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations. In the present study, 41 patients with mCRC were assessed between August 2017 and June 2019 at a single institution. The overall concordance between NGS and PCR results for detecting KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutations was considerably high (87.8–92.7%), with only 15 discrepant results between PCR and NGS. Our companion diagnostic test analyzes KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF as a panel of CRC molecular targets; therefore, it has the advantages of requiring fewer specimens and being more time and cost efficient than conventional testing for separate analyses, allowing for the simultaneous analysis of multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Su
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Tsai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
| | - Hsiang-Lin Tsai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Kun Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Yin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Tatung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Li
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10675, Taiwan; (Y.-R.L.); (T.-H.H.)
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 10675, Taiwan; (Y.-R.L.); (T.-H.H.)
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-C.S.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.T.); (T.-K.C.); (T.-C.Y.); (C.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.); (C.-C.L.); (P.-J.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung 90054, Taiwan
- Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3122805
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Jia D, Zhang R, Shao J, Zhang W, Cai L, Sun W. Exposure to trace levels of metals and fluoroquinolones increases inflammation and tumorigenesis risk of zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 10:100162. [PMID: 36159734 PMCID: PMC9488011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to trace-level heavy metals and antibiotics may elicit metabolic disorder, alter protein expression, and then induce pathological changes in zebrafish embryos, despite negligible physiological and developmental toxicity. This study investigated the single and combined developmental toxicity of fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin [ENR] and ciprofloxacin [CIP]) (≤0.5 μM) and heavy metals (Cu and Cd) (≤0.5 μM) to zebrafish embryos, and molecular responses of zebrafish larvae upon exposure to the single pollutant (0.2 μM) or a binary metal-fluoroquinolone mixture (0.2 μM). In all single and mixture exposure groups, no developmental toxicity was observed, but oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid depletion were found in zebrafish embryos, which was more severe in the mixture exposure groups than in the single exposure groups, probably due to increased metal bioaccumulation in the presence of ENR or CIP. Metabolomics analysis revealed the up-regulation of amino acids and down-regulation of fatty acids, corresponding to an active response to oxidative stress and the occurrence of inflammation. The up-regulation of antioxidase and immune proteins revealed by proteomics analysis further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed a significant disturbance of pathways related to immunity and tumor, indicating the potential risk of tumorigenesis in zebrafish larvae. The findings provide molecular-level insights into the adverse effects of heavy metals and antibiotics (especially in chemical mixtures) on zebrafish embryos, and highlight the potential ecotoxicological risks of trace-level heavy metals and antibiotics in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Jia
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Shao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, The Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Environmental Science and Policy Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Leilei Cai
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266590, China
| | - Weiling Sun
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
- Corresponding author. Peking University. China.
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Han SH, Lee JH, Woo JS, Jung GH, Jung SH, Han EJ, Kim B, Cho SD, Nam JS, Che JH, Jung JY. Myricetin induces apoptosis and autophagy in human gastric cancer cells through inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09309. [PMID: 35521506 PMCID: PMC9065623 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Myricetin, a natural flavonoid present in berries, nuts, and green tea, is well-known for its anticancer properties. Even though several previous studies have reported the anticancer effects induced by myricetin, these effects have not yet been confirmed in the adenocarcinoma gastric cell line (AGS). Moreover, the exact mechanisms of myricetin-induced apoptosis and autophagy have not been clearly identified either. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the role of myricetin in inducing apoptosis and autophagy in AGS gastric cancer cells. First, the survival rate of AGS gastric cancer cells was assessed using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay. Thereafter, the rate of apoptosis was analyzed using4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining as well as annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining, and the expression of the proteins associated with apoptosis, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and autophagy was examined by western blotting. We observed that myricetin reduced the survival rate of AGS gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Similar results were also obtained in vivo, and tumor growth was inhibited. Therefore, in the AGS gastric cancer cells, myricetin seems to inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which in turn leads to apoptosis in vitroand in vivo, cell-protective autophagy, as well as inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. These results indicate the potential of myricetin as a natural anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Han
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Lee
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Seok Woo
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hwan Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Han
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Nam
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Che
- Biomedical Center for Animal Resource Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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Dhuguru J, Ghoneim OA. Quinazoline Based HDAC Dual Inhibitors as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:2294. [PMID: 35408693 PMCID: PMC9000668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the most devastating disease and second leading cause of death around the world. Despite scientific advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer which can include targeted therapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in some cases, cancer cells appear to outsmart and evade almost any method of treatment by developing drug resistance. Quinazolines are the most versatile, ubiquitous and privileged nitrogen bearing heterocyclic compounds with a wide array of biological and pharmacological applications. Most of the anti-cancer agents featuring quinazoline pharmacophore have shown promising therapeutic activity. Therefore, extensive research is underway to explore the potential of these privileged scaffolds. In this context, a molecular hybridization approach to develop hybrid drugs has become a popular tool in the field of drug discovery, especially after witnessing the successful results during the past decade. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have emerged as an important anti-cancer target in the recent years given its role in cellular growth, gene regulation, and metabolism. Dual inhibitors, especially based on HDAC in particular, have become the center stage of current cancer drug development. Given the growing significance of dual HDAC inhibitors, in this review, we intend to compile the development of quinazoline based HDAC dual inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Dhuguru
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 SpringHill Ave., Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Ola A. Ghoneim
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Road, Springfield, MA 01119, USA;
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Elimam H, Hussein J, Abdel-Latif Y, Abdel-Aziz AK, El-Say KM. Preclinical activity of fluvastatin-loaded self-nanoemulsifying delivery system against breast cancer models: Emphasis on apoptosis. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:947-963. [PMID: 35342983 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Statins trigger apoptotic cell death in some types of growing tumor cells in a cholesterol-lowering-independent manner. Self-nanoemulsifying delivery systems (SNEDs) are potentially effective for the suppression of breast cancer development. This study aims to investigate the potential anticancer activity of fluvastatin (FLV)-SNEDs in breast cancer while comparing it with FLV in vitro as well as in vivo exploiting/using MDA-MB-231 and Erhlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice, respectively. Biochemical analysis of liver and kidney functions, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examinations of such tumor tissues were performed showing the potentiality of SNEDs as a nanocarrier for antitumor agents. FLV-SNEDs demonstrated more potent anticancer activity compared to FLV on MDA-MB-231 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. In vivo experiments on the EAC-bearing mice model indicated that FLV and-to a greater extent-FLV-SNEDs ameliorated EAC-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. FLV or FLV-SNEDs evidently reduced the percent of Ki-67 +ve EAC cells by 57.5% and 86.5% in comparison to the vehicle-treated EAC group. In addition, FLV or FLV-SNEDs decreased Bcl-2 levels in serum and liver specimens. In contrast, FLV or FLV-SNEDs significantly activated the executioner caspase-3. Simultaneously, both FLV and FLV-SNEDs stimulated p53 signaling and modulated Bcl-2 protein levels in treated cells. Collectively, these results support the contribution of apoptotic cell death in mediating the anticancer activities of FLV and FLV-SNEDs against murine EAC model in vivo. This study provides new understandings of how FLV and FLV-SNEDs regulate EAC cell viability via upregulation of p53 signaling, and through modulation of cleaved caspase-3 as well as antiapoptotic Bcl-2 marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Elimam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abdel-Latif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid M El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Yan Y, Bao G, Pei J, Cao Y, Zhang C, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Damirin A. NF-κB and EGFR participate in S1PR3-mediated human renal cell carcinomas progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166401. [PMID: 35346818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is implicated in many pivotal processes for the physiological and pathological actions via activating five types of G-protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PR1-5). The role of S1P in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its receptor subtype specific mediating mechanism are poorly studied. So we focus on the regulatory role of S1P in RCC progression and the receptor subtypes involved in S1P-induced actions, intending to further clarify a novel therapeutic target for RCC. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases showed that the patients with high expression of S1PR3 had significantly worse overall than with low expression. We further demonstrated that S1P could promote proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal cancer cells in vitro, and the actions were enhanced with the increase of S1PR3 expression. Meanwhile, the results in animal experiments also showed that S1PR3 could accelerate tumorigenesis and metastasis of RCC. Our study also clarified the mechanism for S1P induced cell proliferation is mediated by S1PR3/Gi/p38/Akt/p65/cyclin D1-CDK4 pathway and the main pathway for migration is S1PR3/Gi/q/ERK/p38/p65. In addition, S1PR3 was involved in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced actions by enhancing protein expression, not by transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These results also further supported our conclusion that the carcinogenic role of S1P/S1PR3 axis. Thus, our findings provide that S1PR3 may be a promising small molecular therapeutic target for S1PR3 expressed cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Gegentuya Bao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jingyuan Pei
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yantao Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Alatangaole Damirin
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Narci K, Kahraman DC, Koyas A, Ersahin T, Tuncbag N, Atalay RC. Context dependent isoform specific PI3K inhibition confers drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:320. [PMID: 35331184 PMCID: PMC8953069 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted therapies for Primary liver cancer (HCC) is limited to the multi-kinase inhibitors, and not fully effective due to the resistance to these agents because of the heterogeneous molecular nature of HCC developed during chronic liver disease stages and cirrhosis. Although combinatorial therapy can increase the efficiency of targeted therapies through synergistic activities, isoform specific effects of the inhibitors are usually ignored. This study concentrated on PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the differential combinatory bioactivities of isoform specific PI3K-α inhibitor (PIK-75) or PI3K-β inhibitor (TGX-221) with Sorafenib dependent on PTEN context. METHODS The bioactivities of inhibitors on PTEN adequate Huh7 and deficient Mahlavu cells were investigated with real time cell growth, cell cycle and cell migration assays. Differentially expressed genes from RNA-Seq were identified by edgeR tool. Systems level network analysis of treatment specific pathways were performed with Prize Collecting Steiner Tree (PCST) on human interactome and enriched networks were visualized with Cytoscape platform. RESULTS Our data from combinatory treatment of Sorafenib and PIK-75 and TGX-221 showed opposite effects; while PIK-75 displays synergistic effects on Huh7 cells leading to apoptotic cell death, Sorafenib with TGX-221 display antagonistic effects and significantly promotes cell growth in PTEN deficient Mahlavu cells. Signaling pathways were reconstructed and analyzed in-depth from RNA-Seq data to understand mechanism of differential synergistic or antagonistic effects of PI3K-α (PIK-75) and PI3K-β (TGX-221) inhibitors with Sorafenib. PCST allowed as to identify AOX1 and AGER as targets in PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway for this combinatory effect. The siRNA knockdown of AOX1 and AGER significantly reduced cell proliferation in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneously constructed and analyzed differentially expressed cellular networks presented in this study, revealed distinct consequences of isoform specific PI3K inhibition in PTEN adequate and deficient liver cancer cells. We demonstrated the importance of context dependent and isoform specific PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling inhibition in drug resistance during combination therapies. ( https://github.com/cansyl/Isoform-spesific-PI3K-inhibitor-analysis ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Narci
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cansen Kahraman
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Altay Koyas
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tulin Ersahin
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Tuncbag
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rengul Cetin Atalay
- Cancer System Biology Laboratory, CanSyL, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- Present Address: Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Hybrid Pharmacophore- and Structure-Based Virtual Screening Pipeline to Identify Novel EGFR Inhibitors That Suppress Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073487. [PMID: 35408854 PMCID: PMC8999148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is frequently observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth and metastasis. Despite recent successes in the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), inevitable resistance to TKIs has led to urgent calls for novel EGFR inhibitors. Herein, we report a rational workflow used to identify novel EGFR-TKIs by combining hybrid ligand- and structure-based pharmacophore models. Three types of models were developed in this workflow, including 3D QSAR-, common feature-, and structure-based EGFR-TK domain-containing pharmacophores. A National Cancer Institute (NCI) compound dataset was adopted for multiple-stage pharmacophore-based virtual screening (PBVS) of various pharmacophore models. The six top-scoring compounds were identified through the PBVS pipeline coupled with molecular docking. Among these compounds, NSC609077 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on EGFR activity in gefitinib-resistant H1975 cells, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Further investigations showed that NSC609077 inhibited the anchorage-dependent growth and migration of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, NSC609077 exerted a suppressive effect on the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway in H1975 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that hybrid virtual screening may accelerate the development of targeted drugs for lung cancer treatment.
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144
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Identification of co-expression hub genes for ferroptosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas clinical data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4821. [PMID: 35314744 PMCID: PMC8938444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and has a high mortality rate. Ferroptosis is a major mechanism of tumor occurrence and development, as well as important for prognosis and treatment of KIRC. Here, we conducted bioinformatics analysis to identify KIRC hub genes that target ferroptosis. By Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), 11 co-expression-related genes were screened out. According to Kaplan Meier's survival analysis of the data from the gene expression profile interactive analysis database, it was identified that the expression levels of two genes, PROM2 and PLIN2, are respectively related to prognosis. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PROM2 and PLIN2 may be effective new targets for the treatment and prognosis of KIRC.
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Increased O-GlcNAcylation promotes IGF-1 receptor/PhosphatidyI Inositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway in cervical cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4464. [PMID: 35296731 PMCID: PMC8927345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a reversible post-translational modification on serine and threonine residues of cytosolic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAcylation level is regulated by OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase), which adds GlcNAc on proteins, and OGA (O-GlcNAcase), which removes it. Abnormal level of protein O-GlcNAcylation has been observed in numerous cancer cell types, including cervical cancer cells. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of increasing protein O-GlcNAcylation on cervical cancer-derived CaSki cells. We observed that pharmacological enhancement of protein O-GlcNAcylation by Thiamet G (an inhibitor of OGA) and glucosamine (which provides UDP-GlcNAc substrate to OGT) increases CaSki cells proliferation, migration and survival. Moreover, we showed that increased O-GlcNAcylation promotes IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) autophosphorylation, possibly through inhibition of protein tyrosine-phosphatase 1B activity. This was associated with increased IGF-1-induced phosphatidyl-Inositol 3-phosphate production at the plasma membrane and increased Akt activation in CaSki cells. Finally, we showed that protein O-GlcNAcylation and Akt phosphorylation levels were higher in human cervical cancer samples compared to healthy cervix tissues, and a highly positive correlation was observed between O-GlcNAcylation level and Akt phosphorylation in theses tissues. Together, our results indicate that increased O-GlcNAcylation, by activating IGF1R/ Phosphatidyl inositol 3-Kinase (PI-3K)/Akt signaling, may participate in cervical cancer cell growth and proliferation.
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Wind SS, Jansen MAA, Rijsbergen M, van Esdonk MJ, Ziagkos D, Cheng WC, Niemeyer-van der Kolk T, Korsten J, Gruszka A, Schmitz-Rohmer D, Bonnel D, Legouffe R, Barré F, Bekkenk MW, de Haas ERM, Quint KD, Rolli M, Streefkerk HJ, Burggraaf J, Vermeer MH, Rissmann R. Topical Bimiralisib Shows Meaningful Cutaneous Drug Levels in Healthy Volunteers and Mycosis Fungoides Patients but No Clinical Activity in a First-in-Human, Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1510. [PMID: 35326659 PMCID: PMC8946662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a subtype of CTCL with a low incidence and high medical need for novel treatments. The objective of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, first-in-human study was to evaluate safety, efficacy, cutaneous and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of topical bimiralisib in healthy volunteers (HVs) and MF patients. In this trial, a total of 6 HVs and 19 early-stage MF patients were treated with 2.0% bimiralisib gel and/or placebo. Drug efficacy was assessed by the Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Severity (CAILS) score, supported by objective measuring methods to quantify lesion severity. PK blood samples were collected frequently and cutaneous PK was investigated in skin punch biopsies on the last day of treatment. Local distribution of bimiralisib in HVs showed a mean exposure of 2.54 µg/g in the epidermis. A systemic concentration was observed after application of a target dose of 2 mg/cm2 on 400 cm2, with a mean Cavg of 0.96 ng/mL. Systemic exposure of bimiralisib was reached in all treated MF patients, and normalized plasma concentrations showed a 144% increased exposure compared to HVs, with an observed mean Cavg of 4.49 ng/mL and a mean cutaneous concentration of 5.3 µg/g. No difference in CAILS or objective lesion severity quantification upon 42 days of once-daily treatment was observed in the MF patient group. In general, the treatment was well tolerated in terms of local reactions as well as systemic adverse events. In conclusion, we showed that topical bimiralisib treatment leads to (i) meaningful cutaneous drug levels and (ii) well-tolerated systemic drug exposure in MF patients and (iii) a lack of clinical efficacy, in need of further exploration due to numerous unknown factors, before depreciation of topical bimiralisib as a novel therapeutic drug for CTCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selinde S. Wind
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (K.D.Q.); (M.H.V.)
| | - Manon A. A. Jansen
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Melanie Rijsbergen
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Michiel J. van Esdonk
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Dimitrios Ziagkos
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Wing C. Cheng
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Tessa Niemeyer-van der Kolk
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
| | - John Korsten
- Charles River Laboratories Den Bosch B.V., 5231 DD Den Bosch, The Netherlands; (J.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Gruszka
- Charles River Laboratories Den Bosch B.V., 5231 DD Den Bosch, The Netherlands; (J.K.); (A.G.)
| | | | - David Bonnel
- MS Imaging Department, ImaBiotech, 59120 Lille, France; (D.B.); (R.L.); (F.B.)
| | - Raphael Legouffe
- MS Imaging Department, ImaBiotech, 59120 Lille, France; (D.B.); (R.L.); (F.B.)
| | - Florian Barré
- MS Imaging Department, ImaBiotech, 59120 Lille, France; (D.B.); (R.L.); (F.B.)
| | - Marcel W. Bekkenk
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Koen D. Quint
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (K.D.Q.); (M.H.V.)
| | - Melanie Rolli
- PIQUR Therapeutics AG, 4057 Basel, Switzerland; (D.S.-R.); (M.R.); (H.J.S.)
| | | | - Jacobus Burggraaf
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (K.D.Q.); (M.H.V.)
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten H. Vermeer
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (K.D.Q.); (M.H.V.)
| | - Robert Rissmann
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.S.W.); (M.A.A.J.); (M.R.); (M.J.v.E.); (D.Z.); (W.C.C.); (T.N.-v.d.K.); (J.B.)
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (K.D.Q.); (M.H.V.)
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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147
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Liao H, Jiang H, Chen Y, Duan T, Yang T, Han M, Xue Z, Shi F, Yuan K, Bashir MR, Shen D, Song B, Zeng Y. Predicting Genomic Alterations of Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Radiogenomics Study Based on Next-Generation Sequencing and Contrast-Enhanced CT. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:10.1245/s10434-022-11505-4. [PMID: 35286532 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring the genomic landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provides clues for therapeutic decision-making. Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling is one of the key pathways regulating HCC aggressiveness, and its genomic alterations have been correlated with sorafenib response. In this study, we aimed to predict somatic mutations of the PI3K signaling pathway in HCC samples through machine-learning-based radiomic analysis. METHODS HCC patients who underwent next-generation sequencing and preoperative contrast-enhanced CT were recruited from West China Hospital and The Cancer Genome Atlas for model training and validation, respectively. Radiomic features were extracted from volumes of interest (VOIs) covering the tumor (VOItumor) and peritumoral areas (5 mm [VOI5mm], 10 mm [VOI10mm], and 20 mm [VOI20mm] from tumor margin). Factor analysis, logistic regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and random forest analysis were applied for feature selection and model construction. Model performance was characterized based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS A total of 132 HCC patients (mean age: 61.1 ± 14.7 years; 108 men) were enrolled. In the training set, the AUCs of radiomic signatures based on single CT phases were moderate (AUC 0.694-0.771). In the external validation set, the radiomic signature based on VOI10mm in arterial phase demonstrated the highest AUC (0.733) among all models. No improvement in model performance was achieved after adding the tumor radiomic features or manually assessed qualitative features. CONCLUSIONS Machine-learning-based radiomic analysis had potential for characterizing alterations of PI3K signaling in HCC and could help identify potential candidates for sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Liao
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuntian Chen
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Duan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miaofei Han
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Xue
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mustafa R Bashir
- Department of Radiology and Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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148
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Wong TY, Menaga S, Huang CYF, Ho SHA, Gan SC, Lim YM. 2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) regulates cancer key genes of MAPK, PI3K, and NF-κB pathways in Raji cells. Genomics Inform 2022; 20:e7. [PMID: 35399006 PMCID: PMC9001993 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) has been shown to cause cytotoxic towards various cancer cell lines. This study is designed to investigate the regulatory effect of MNQ on the key cancer genes in mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and nuclear factor кB signaling pathways. The expression levels of the genes were compared at different time point using polymerase chain reaction arrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed to identify gene networks that are most significant to key cancer genes. A total of 43 differentially expressed genes were identified with 21 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated genes. Up-regulated genes were involved in apoptosis, cell cycle and act as tumor suppressor while down-regulated genes were involved in anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell cycle and act as transcription factor as well as proto-oncogenes. MNQ exhibited multiple regulatory effects on the cancer key genes that targeting at cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell transformation, apoptosis, reduce inflammatory responses, inhibits angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teck Yew Wong
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Subramaniam Menaga
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chi-Ying F Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Siong Hock Anthony Ho
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus 1, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Seng Chiew Gan
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Centre for Cancer Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia
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149
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Niuhuang (Bovis Calculus)-Shexiang (Moschus) combination induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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150
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Hou Y, Liang Z, Qi L, Tang C, Liu X, Tang J, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Fang T, Luo Q, Wang S, Wang F. Baicalin Targets HSP70/90 to Regulate PKR/PI3K/AKT/eNOS Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2022; 27:1432. [PMID: 35209223 PMCID: PMC8874410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a major active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis, and has been shown to have antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. However, the protein targets of baicalin have remained unclear. Herein, a chemical proteomics strategy was developed by combining baicalin-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (BCL-N3@MNPs) and quantitative mass spectrometry to identify the target proteins of baicalin. Bioinformatics analysis with the use of Gene Ontology, STRING and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, was performed to annotate the biological functions and the associated signaling pathways of the baicalin targeting proteins. Fourteen proteins in human embryonic kidney cells were identified to interact with baicalin with various binding affinities. Bioinformatics analysis revealed these proteins are mainly ATP-binding and/or ATPase activity proteins, such as CKB, HSP86, HSP70-1, HSP90, ATPSF1β and ACTG1, and highly associated with the regulation of the role of PKR in interferon induction and the antiviral response signaling pathway (P = 10-6), PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (P = 10-5) and eNOS signaling pathway (P = 10-4). The results show that baicalin exerts multiply pharmacological functions, such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant functions, through regulating the PKR and PI3K/AKT/eNOS signaling pathways by targeting ATP-binding and ATPase activity proteins. These findings provide a fundamental insight into further studies on the mechanism of action of baicalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhu Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuqing Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luyu Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
| | - Xingkai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jilin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
| | - Tiantian Fang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (C.T.); (X.L.); (J.T.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.)
- College of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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