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Gao P, Xiang D, Quilichini TD, Venglat P, Pandey PK, Wang E, Gillmor CS, Datla R. Gene expression atlas of embryo development in Arabidopsis. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2019; 32:93-104. [PMID: 30762127 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-019-00364-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Embryogenesis represents a critical phase in the life cycle of flowering plants. Here, we characterize transcriptome landscapes associated with key stages of embryogenesis by combining an optimized method for the isolation of developing Arabidopsis embryos with high-throughput RNA-seq. The resulting RNA-seq datasets identify distinct overlapping patterns of gene expression, as well as temporal shifts in gene activity across embryogenesis. Network analysis revealed stage-specific and multi-stage gene expression clusters and biological functions associated with key stages of embryo development. Methylation-related gene expression was associated with early- and middle-stage embryos, initiation of photosynthesis components with the late embryogenesis stage, and storage/energy-related protein activation with late and mature embryos. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of transcriptome programming in Arabidopsis embryogenesis and identify modules of gene expression corresponding to key stages of embryo development. This dataset and analysis are a unique resource to advance functional genetic analysis of embryo development in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4J8, Canada
| | - Daoquan Xiang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Teagen D Quilichini
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Prakash Venglat
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
- Department of Plant Sciences and Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Prashant K Pandey
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Edwin Wang
- Center for Health Genomics and Informatics, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - C Stewart Gillmor
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (Langebio), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Raju Datla
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W9, Canada.
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 4J8, Canada.
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102
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Robert HS. Molecular Communication for Coordinated Seed and Fruit Development: What Can We Learn from Auxin and Sugars? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E936. [PMID: 30795528 PMCID: PMC6412287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed development in flowering plants is a critical part of plant life for successful reproduction. The formation of viable seeds requires the synchronous growth and development of the fruit and the three seed structures: the embryo, the endosperm, the seed coat. Molecular communication between these tissues is crucial to coordinate these developmental processes. The phytohormone auxin is a significant player in embryo, seed and fruit development. Its regulated local biosynthesis and its cell-to-cell transport capacity make of auxin the perfect candidate as a signaling molecule to coordinate the growth and development of the embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit. Moreover, newly formed seeds need nutrients and form new carbon sink, generating high sugar flow from vegetative tissues to the seeds. This review will discuss how auxin and sugars may be considered as signaling molecules to coordinate seed and fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène S Robert
- Mendel Centre for Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Systems, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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103
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Jayasinghege CPA, Ozga JA, Nadeau CD, Kaur H, Reinecke DM. TIR1 auxin receptors are implicated in the differential response to 4-Cl-IAA and IAA in developing pea fruit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1239-1253. [PMID: 30715391 PMCID: PMC6382345 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The auxins indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA) occur naturally in pea (Pisum sativum); however, only 4-Cl-IAA mimics the presence of seeds in stimulating pericarp growth. To examine if this differential auxin effect is mediated through TIR1/AFB auxin receptors, pea TIR1 and AFB2 homologs were functionally characterized in Arabidopsis, and receptor expression, and auxin distribution and action were profiled in developing pea fruits. PsTIR1a, PsTIR1b, and PsAFB2 restored the auxin-sensitive root growth response to the mutant Arabidopsis seedlings Attir1-10 and/or Attir1-10 afb2-3. Expression of PsTIR1 or AtTIR1 in Attir1-10 afb2-3 mutants also restored the greater root inhibitory response of 4-Cl-IAA compared to that of IAA, implicating TIR1 receptors in this response. The ability of 4-Cl-IAA to stimulate a stronger DR5::GUS auxin response than IAA at the same concentration in pea pericarps was associated with its ability to enrich the auxin-receptor transcript pool with PsTIR1a and PsAFB2 by decreasing the transcript abundance of PsTIR1b (mimicking results in pericarps with developing seeds). Therefore, the markedly different effect of IAA and 4-Cl-IAA on pea fruit growth may at least partially involve TIR1/AFB receptors and the differential modulation of their population, resulting in specific Aux/IAA protein degradation that leads to an auxin-specific tissue response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charitha P A Jayasinghege
- Plant BioSystems, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jocelyn A Ozga
- Plant BioSystems, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Courtney D Nadeau
- Plant BioSystems, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harleen Kaur
- Plant BioSystems, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dennis M Reinecke
- Plant BioSystems, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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104
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Armenta-Medina A, Gillmor CS. Genetic, molecular and parent-of-origin regulation of early embryogenesis in flowering plants. Curr Top Dev Biol 2019; 131:497-543. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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105
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Lv B, Yan Z, Tian H, Zhang X, Ding Z. Local Auxin Biosynthesis Mediates Plant Growth and Development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:6-9. [PMID: 30448230 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is one of the most important plant hormones controlling various aspects of plant growth and development. Here, we highlight three recent papers that shed light on how local auxin biosynthesis contributes to plant growth and development in response to endogenous developmental signals and exogenous environmental cues, such as shade and aluminum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zhenwei Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
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106
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Clearance of maternal barriers by paternal miR159 to initiate endosperm nuclear division in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5011. [PMID: 30479343 PMCID: PMC6258693 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm entry triggers central cell division during seed development, but what factors besides the genome are inherited from sperm, and the mechanism by which paternal factors regulate early division events, are not understood. Here we show that sperm-transmitted miR159 promotes endosperm nuclear division by repressing central cell-transmitted miR159 targets. Disruption of paternal miR159 causes approximately half of the seeds to abort as a result of defective endosperm nuclear divisions. In wild-type plants, MYB33 and MYB65, two miR159 targets, are highly expressed in the central cell before fertilization, but both are rapidly abolished after fertilization. In contrast, loss of paternal miR159 leads to retention of MYB33 and MYB65 in the central cell after fertilization. Furthermore, ectopic expression of a miR159-resistant version of MYB33 (mMYB33) in the endosperm significantly inhibits initiation of endosperm nuclear division. Collectively, these results show that paternal miR159 inhibits its maternal targets to promote endosperm nuclear division, thus uncovering a previously unknown paternal effect on seed development. Seed development in plants is triggered by entry of sperm to the ovule. Here, Zhao et al. uncover miR159 as a paternal-trigger of seed development that is transmitted to the central cell where it represses expression of maternal targets to promote nuclear division in the endosperm.
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