101
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Huang Z, Lin Y. Transfer printing technologies for soft electronics. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16749-16760. [PMID: 36353821 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04283e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soft electronics have received increasing attention in recent years, owing to their wide range of applications in dynamic nonplanar surface integration electronics that include skin electronics, implantable devices, and soft robotics. Transfer printing is a widely used assembly technology for micro- and nano-fabrication, which enables the integration of functional devices with flexible or elastomeric substrates for the manufacturing of soft electronics. Through advanced materials and process design, numerous impressive studies related to transfer printing strategies and applications have been proposed. Herein, a discussion of transfer printing technologies toward soft electronics in terms of mechanisms and example demonstrations is provided. Moreover, the perspectives on the potential challenges and future directions of this field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
- Research Centre for Information Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
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102
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Sarbadhikary P, George BP, Abrahamse H. Paradigm shift in future biophotonics for imaging and therapy: Miniature living lasers to cellular scale optoelectronics. Theranostics 2022; 12:7335-7350. [PMID: 36438477 PMCID: PMC9691355 DOI: 10.7150/thno.75905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in light technology, devices and its applications have tremendously changed the facets of biomedical science and engineering to provide powerful diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities ranging from basic research to clinics. Recent novel innovations and concepts in the field of material science, biomedical optics, processing technology and nanotechnology have enabled increasingly sophisticated technologies such as cellular scale, wireless, remotely controlled micro device for in vivo integrations. This review deals with such futuristic applications of biophotonics like miniature living lasers, wireless remotely controlled implantable and cellular optoelectronics for novel imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic applications. We begin with an overview of the competency and progress in biophotonics as one of the most active frontiers in advanced analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. This is further followed by comprehensive discussion on recent advances, importance and applications, towards miniaturization size of laser to integrate into live cells as biological lasers, and wearable and implantable optoelectronic devices. Such applications form a novel biocompatible platform for intracellular sensing, cytometry and imaging devices. Further, the opportunities and possible challenges for future research directions to transform this basic research to clinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paromita Sarbadhikary
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
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103
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Li S, Li M, Chen L, Xu X, Cui A, Zhou X, Jiang K, Shang L, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu L, Hu Z, Chu J. Ultra-Stable, Endurable, and Flexible Sb 2Te xSe 3-x Phase Change Devices for Memory Application and Wearable Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45600-45610. [PMID: 36178431 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible memory and wearable electronics represent an emerging technology, thanks to their reliability, compatibility, and superior performance. Here, an Sb2TexSe3-x (STSe) phase change material was grown on flexible mica, which not only exhibited superior nature in thermal stability for phase change memory application but also revealed novel function performance in wearable electronics, thanks to its excellent mechanical reliability and endurance. The thermal stability of Sb2Te3 was improved obviously with the crystallization temperature elevated 60 K after Se doping, for the enhanced charge localization and stronger bonding energy, which was validated by the Vienna ab initio simulation package calculations. Based on the ultra-stability of STSe, the STSe-based phase change memory shows 65 000 reversible phase change ability. Moreover, the assembled flexible device can show real-time monitoring and recoverability response in sensing human activities in different parts of the body, which proves its effective reusability and potential as wearable electronics. Most importantly, the STSe device presents remarkable working reliability, reflected by excellent endurance over 100 s and long retention over 100 h. These results paved a novel way to utilize STSe phase change materials for flexible memory and wearable electronics with extreme thermal and mechanical stability and brilliant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubing Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ming Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li Chen
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xionghu Xu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Anyang Cui
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liyan Shang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liangqing Zhu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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104
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Novel adamantane substituted polythiophenes as competitors to Poly(3-Hexylthiophene). POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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105
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Han L, Luo J, Zhang R, Gong W, Chen L, Liu F, Ling Y, Dong Y, Yong Z, Zhang Y, Wei L, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Li Q. Arrayed Heterostructures of MoS 2 Nanosheets Anchored TiN Nanowires as Efficient Pseudocapacitive Anodes for Fiber-Shaped Ammonium-Ion Asymmetric Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14951-14962. [PMID: 36037075 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonmetallic ammonium ions that feature high safety, low molar mass, and small hydrated radius properties have shown great advantages in wearable aqueous supercapacitors. The construction of high-energy-density flexible ammonium-ion asymmetric supercapacitors (AASCs) is promising but still challenging due to the lack of high-capacitance pseudocapacitive anodes. Herein, freestanding core-shell heterostructures supported on carbon nanotube fibers were designed by anchoring MoS2 nanosheets on nanowires (MoS2@TiN/CNTF) as anodes for AASCs. With contributions of abundant active sites and conspicuous synergistic effects of multiple components for arrayed heterostructure engineering, the developed MoS2@TiN/CNTF anodes exhibit a specific capacitance of 1102.5 mF cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2. Theoretical calculations confirm the dramatic enhancement of the binding strength of ammonium ions on the MoS2 shell layer at the heterostructure, where a built-in electric field exists to accelerate the charge transfer. By utilizing a MnO2/CNTF cathode and NH4Cl/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a gel electrolyte, quasi-solid-state fiber-shaped AASCs were successfully constructed, achieving a specific capacitance of 351.2 mF cm-2 and an energy density of 195.1 μWh cm-2, outperforming most recently reported fiber-shaped supercapacitors. This work provides a promising strategy to rationally design heterostructure engineering of MoS2@TiN nanoarrays toward advanced anodes for application in next-generation AASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rongkang Zhang
- School of Physics and Energy, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Wenbin Gong
- School of Physics and Energy, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Ling
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yihao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yong
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Insitute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Insitute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Qichong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Insitute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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106
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Lai Y, Lu N, Luo S, Wang H, Zhang P. A Photoactivated Sorafenib-Ruthenium(II) Prodrug for Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy through Ferroptosis and Purine Metabolism Disruption. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13041-13051. [PMID: 36134739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The curative effect of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited and sorafenib resistance remains a major obstacle for HCC. To overcome this obstacle, a new photoactive sorafenib-Ru(II) complex Ru-Sora has been designed. Upon irradiation (λ = 465 nm), Ru-Sora rapidly releases sorafenib and generates reactive oxygen species, which can oxidize intracellular substances such as GSH. Cellular experiments show that irradiated Ru-Sora is highly cytotoxic toward Hep-G2 cells, including sorafenib-resistant Hep-G2-SR cells. Compared to sorafenib, Ru-Sora has a significant photoactivated chemotherapeutic effect against Hep-G2-SR cancer cells and 3D Hep-G2 multicellular tumor spheroids. Furthermore, Ru-Sora inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis is proved by GSH depletion, GPX4 downregulation, and lipid peroxide accumulation. Metabolomics results suggest that Ru-Sora exerts photocytotoxicity by disrupting the purine metabolism, which is expected to inhibit tumor development. This study provides a promising strategy for enhancing chemotherapy and combating drug-resistant HCC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Lai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Nong Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuangling Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haobing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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107
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Jang J, Lee SW, Lee S, Lee CE, Kim EH, Jin W, Lee S, Kim Y, Oh JW, Jung Y, Kim H, Yong H, Park J, Lee S, Park C. Wireless Stand-Alone Trimodal Interactive Display Enabled by Direct Capacitive Coupling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204760. [PMID: 35905410 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With recent advances in interactive displays, the development of a stand-alone interactive display with no electrical interconnection is of great interest. Here, a wireless stand-alone interactive display (WiSID), enabled by direct capacitive coupling, consisting of three layers: two in-plane metal electrodes separated by a gap, a composite layer for field-induced electroluminescence (EL) and inverse piezoelectric sound, and a stimuli-responsive layer, from bottom to top, is presented. Alternating current power necessary for field-induced EL and inverse piezoelectric sound is wirelessly transferred from a power unit, with two in-plane electrodes remotely separated from the WiSID. The unique in-plane power transfer through the stimuli-sensitive polar bridge allows stand-alone operation of the WiSID, making it suitable for the wireless dynamic monitoring of medical fluids. Moreover, a haptic wireless stand-alone trimodal interactive display mounted on a human finger is demonstrated, whereby touch is wirelessly displayed in various outputs of EL, inverse piezoelectric sound, and tactile vibration, making it suitable for a wireless three-mode smart braille display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3108, USA
| | - Seokyeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Hyuk Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookyeong Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejeong Lee
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyung Kim
- College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdoo Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - HoYeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Yong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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108
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Lee G, Lee JH, Choi W, Kim C, Hahn SK. Hyaluronate-Black Phosphorus-Upconversion Nanoparticle Complex for Non-invasive Theranosis of Skin Cancer. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3602-3611. [PMID: 35930811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the wide investigation on black phosphorus (BP) for biophotonic applications, the finite depth of light penetration has limited further development of BP-based photomedicines. Here, we developed a hyaluronate-BP-upconversion nanoparticle (HA-BP-UCNP) complex for near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated multimodal theranosis of skin cancer with photoacoustic (PA) bioimaging, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT). In contrast to the conventional BP-based skin cancer theranosis, the HA-BP-UCNP complex could be non-invasively delivered into the tumor tissue to induce the cancer cell apoptosis upon NIR light irradiation. The PA imaging of BP successfully visualized the non-invasive transdermal delivery of the HA-BP-UCNP complex into the mice skin. HA in the complex facilitated the transdermal delivery of BP into the tumor tissue under the skin. Upon 980 nm NIR light irradiation, the UCNP converted the light to UV-blue light to generate reactive oxygen species by sensitizing BP in the HA-BP-UCNP complex for PDT. Remarkably, 808 nm NIR irradiation with PTT triggered the apoptosis of tumor cells. Taken together, we could confirm the feasibility of the HA-BP-UCNP complex for NIR light-mediated multimodal theranosis of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibum Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Wonseok Choi
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Chulhong Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Convergence IT Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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109
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Jiang L, Wu B, Wei X, Lv X, Xue H, Lu G, Zeng Y, Xing J, Wu W, Wu J. Flexible lead-free piezoelectric arrays for high-efficiency wireless ultrasonic energy transfer and communication. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2180-2190. [PMID: 35686946 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00437b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Implantable medical electronics (IMEs) are now becoming increasingly prevalent for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Despite extensive efforts, a primary challenge for IMEs is reliable wireless power and communication to provide well-controlled, therapeutically relevant effects. Ultrasonic energy transfer and communication (UETC) employing traveling ultrasound waves to transmit energy has emerged as a promising wireless strategy for IMEs. Nevertheless, conventional UETC systems are rigid, bulky, and based on toxic lead-based piezoelectric materials, raising efficiency and safety concerns. Here, we present a novel transcutaneous UETC system based on a two-dimensional flexible lead-free piezoelectric array (f-LFPA) that hybridizes high-performance (piezoelectric coefficient d33 ≈ 503 pC N-1) (K,Na)NbO3-based eco-friendly piezo-units with soft structural components. The newly developed lead-free piezo-unit exhibits submicron ferroelectric domains and superior energy harvesting figures of merit (d33g33 ≈ 20 000 × 10-15 m2 N-1), resulting in the prepared f-LFPA demonstrating a high output voltage of 22.4 V, a power density of 0.145 W cm-2, and a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 30 dB within the FDA safety limits, while maintaining the flexibility for wide-angle receiving. Further ex vivo experiment demonstrates the adequate power supply capabilities of the f-LFPA and its possible application in future implantable eco-friendly bioelectronics for diagnostics, therapy, and real-time monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiming Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Bo Wu
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xiang Lv
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Haoyue Xue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Gengxi Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yushun Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jie Xing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices Application, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China
| | - Jiagang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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110
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Zheng X, Liu Z, Wang R, Chen A. Bending-Insensitive Intrinsically Flexible Ultraviolet Encoding Devices Based on Piezoelectric Nanogenerator-Supplied Liquid Crystalline Polymer Fabrics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202639. [PMID: 35871501 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is significantly challenging for state-of-the-art wearable electronics to stably monitor physicochemical signals under dynamic motions. Herein, a bending-insensitive, self-powered, and intrinsically flexible UV detector has been realized based on well-designed oriented composite fabrics, consisting of ionic liquid (IL)-containing liquid crystalline polymers (ILCPs) and piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] nanogenerators. The novel composite fabrics establish effective UV illuminance-internal stress-electric signal conversion by coupling resistive and piezoelectric effects, with a fast response time of 190 ms. Particularly, benefiting from the intrinsic flexibility of composite fabrics, the ILCP/P(VDF-TrFE) device can maintain stable performance under dynamic bending even if the frequency is up to 2.5 Hz, with a bending insensitivity of less than 1% performance variation under 1.0 mW cm-2 UV light. Combined with the Internet of Things and the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), wearable encoding electronics have been successfully implemented with a printing speed of 3.2 s per character under dynamic bending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhefeng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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111
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Lee GH, Woo H, Yoon C, Yang C, Bae JY, Kim W, Lee DH, Kang H, Han S, Kang SK, Park S, Kim HR, Jeong JW, Park S. A Personalized Electronic Tattoo for Healthcare Realized by On-the-Spot Assembly of an Intrinsically Conductive and Durable Liquid-Metal Composite. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204159. [PMID: 35702762 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Conventional electronic (e-) skins are a class of thin-film electronics mainly fabricated in laboratories or factories, which is incapable of rapid and simple customization for personalized healthcare. Here a new class of e-tattoos is introduced that can be directly implemented on the skin by facile one-step coating with various designs at multi-scale depending on the purpose of the user without a substrate. An e-tattoo is realized by attaching Pt-decorated carbon nanotubes on gallium-based liquid-metal particles (CMP) to impose intrinsic electrical conductivity and mechanical durability. Tuning the CMP suspension to have low-zeta potential, excellent wettability, and high-vapor pressure enables conformal and intimate assembly of particles directly on the skin in 10 s. Low-cost, ease of preparation, on-skin compatibility, and multifunctionality of CMP make it highly suitable for e-tattoos. Demonstrations of electrical muscle stimulators, photothermal patches, motion artifact-free electrophysiological sensors, and electrochemical biosensors validate the simplicity, versatility, and reliability of the e-tattoo-based approach in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Hee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Woo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoong Yoon
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Congqi Yang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kyun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Steve Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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112
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Luo Y, Sun C, Ma H, Wei M, Li J, Jian J, Zhong C, Chen Z, Tang R, Richardson KA, Lin H, Li L. Flexible passive integrated photonic devices with superior optical and mechanical performance. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:26534-26543. [PMID: 36236849 DOI: 10.1364/oe.464896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible integrated photonics is a rapidly emerging technology with a wide range of possible applications in the fields of flexible optical interconnects, conformal multiplexing sensing, health monitoring, and biotechnology. One major challenge in developing mechanically flexible integrated photonics is the functional component within an integrated photonic circuit with superior performance. In this work, several essential flexible passive devices for such a circuit were designed and fabricated based on a multi-neutral-axis mechanical design and a monolithic integration technique. The propagation loss of the waveguide is calculated to be 4.2 dB/cm. In addition, we demonstrate a microring resonator, waveguide crossing, multimode interferometer (MMI), and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) for use at 1.55 µm, each exhibiting superior optical and mechanical performance. These results represent a significant step towards further exploring a complete flexible photonic integrated circuit.
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113
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Li D, Jia Z, Tang Y, Song C, Liang K, Ren H, Li F, Chen Y, Wang Y, Lu X, Meng L, Zhu B. Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Phototransistor Array with Enhanced Photogating Effect for Dynamic Near-Infrared Light Sensing and Image Preprocessing. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5434-5442. [PMID: 35766590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-band-gap organic semiconductors have emerged as appealing near-infrared (NIR) sensing materials by virtue of their unique optoelectronic properties. However, their limited carrier mobility impedes the implementation of large-area, dynamic NIR sensor arrays. In this work, high-performance inorganic-organic hybrid phototransistor arrays are achieved for NIR sensing, by taking advantage of the high electron mobility of In2O3 and the strong NIR absorption of a BTPV-4F:PTB7-Th bulk heterojunction (BHJ) with an enhanced photogating effect. As a result, the hybrid phototransistors reach a high responsivity of 1393.0 A W-1, a high specific detectivity of 4.8 × 1012 jones, and a fast response of 0.72 ms to NIR light (900 nm). Meanwhile, an integrated 16 × 16 phototransistor array with a one-transistor-one-phototransistor (1T1PT) architecture is achieved. On the basis of the enhanced photogating effect, the phototransistor array can not only achieve real-time, dynamic NIR light mapping but also implement image preprocessing, which is promising for advanced NIR image sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Li
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenrong Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Tang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Song
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Ren
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfan Li
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Chen
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
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114
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Comparison between Piezoelectric and Piezoresistive Wearable Gait Monitoring Techniques. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144837. [PMID: 35888304 PMCID: PMC9321623 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Insole plantar stress detection (PSD) techniques play an important role in gait monitoring. Among the various insole PSD methods, piezoelectric- and piezoresistive-based architectures are broadly used in medical scenes. Each year, a growing number of new research outcomes are reported. Hence, a deep understanding of these two kinds of insole PSD sensors and state-of-the-art work would strongly benefit the researchers in this highly interdisciplinary field. In this context, this review article is composed of the following aspects. First, the mechanisms of the two techniques and corresponding comparisons are explained and discussed. Second, advanced materials which could enhance the performance of current piezoelectric and piezoresistive insole prototypes are introduced. Third, suggestions for designing insole PSD prototypes/products for different diseases are offered. Last, the current challenge and potential future trends are provided.
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115
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Programmable CRISPR-Cas9 microneedle patch for long-term capture and real-time monitoring of universal cell-free DNA. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3999. [PMID: 35810160 PMCID: PMC9271037 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in biointerfaces have led to the development of wearable devices that can provide insights into personal health. As wearable modules, microneedles can extract analytes of interest from interstitial fluid in a minimally invasive fashion. However, some microneedles are limited by their ability to perform highly effective extraction and real-time monitoring for macromolecule biomarkers simultaneously. Here we show the synergetic effect of CRISPR-activated graphene biointerfaces, and report an on-line wearable microneedle patch for extraction and in vivo long-term monitoring of universal cell-free DNA. In this study, this wearable system enables real-time monitoring of Epstein-Barr virus, sepsis, and kidney transplantation cell-free DNA, with anti-interference ability of 60% fetal bovine serum, and has satisfactory stable sensitivity for 10 days in vivo. The experimental results of immunodeficient mouse models shows the feasibility and practicability of this proposed method. This wearable patch holds great promise for long-term in vivo monitoring of cell-free DNA and could potentially be used for early disease screening and prognosis. Real-time sensing of biomarkers via the use of wearable devices is a major aim of personalised medicine. Here, authors demonstrate an on-line wearable microneedle patch for real-time capture and monitoring of universal cell-free DNA.
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116
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Shi Y, Shen Z. Recent Advances in Flexible RF MEMS. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13071088. [PMID: 35888905 PMCID: PMC9315774 DOI: 10.3390/mi13071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that are based on flexible substrates are widely used in flexible, reconfigurable radio frequency (RF) systems, such as RF MEMS switches, phase shifters, reconfigurable antennas, phased array antennas and resonators, etc. When attempting to accommodate flexible deformation with the movable structures of MEMS, flexible RF MEMS are far more difficult to structurally design and fabricate than rigid MEMS devices or other types of flexible electronics. In this review, we survey flexible RF MEMS with different functions, their flexible film materials and their fabrication process technologies. In addition, a fabrication process for reconfigurable three-dimensional (3D) RF devices based on mechanically guided assembly is introduced. The review is very helpful to understand the overall advances in flexible RF MEMS, and serves the purpose of providing a reference source for innovative researchers working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Shi
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (USETC), Chengdu 610054, China;
| | - Zhigang Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research and Development, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence:
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117
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Upconversion nanomaterials and delivery systems for smart photonic medicines and healthcare devices. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114419. [PMID: 35810884 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, upconversion (UC) nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for the applications to photomedicines with their unique features including biocompatibility, near-infrared (NIR) to visible conversion, photostability, controllable emission bands, and facile multi-functionality. These characteristics of UC nanomaterials enable versatile light delivery for deep tissue biophotonic applications. Among various stimuli-responsive delivery systems, the light-responsive delivery process has been greatly advantageous to develop spatiotemporally controllable on-demand "smart" photonic medicines. UC nanomaterials are classified largely to two groups depending on the photon UC pathway and compositions: inorganic lanthanide-doped UC nanoparticles and organic triplet-triplet annihilation UC (TTA-UC) nanomaterials. Here, we review the current-state-of-art inorganic and organic UC nanomaterials for photo-medicinal applications including photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), photo-triggered chemo and gene therapy, multimodal immunotherapy, NIR mediated neuromodulations, and photochemical tissue bonding (PTB). We also discuss the future research direction of this field and the challenges for further clinical development.
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118
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Liu H, Wang Y, Shi Z, Tan D, Yang X, Xiong L, Li G, Lei Y, Xue L. Fast Self-Assembly of Photonic Crystal Hydrogel for Wearable Strain and Temperature Sensor. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200461. [PMID: 35521951 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural colors from photonic crystals (PCs) have attracted emerging attention in the research area of wearable sensors. Conventional self-assembly of PC takes days to weeks. Here, a fast self-assembly method of PC with horizontal precipitation of silica nanoparticles (NPs) in a polydimethylsiloxane fence, which can be completed within 1-4 h depending on the fence parameters, is introduced. The resultant PC exhibits tunable structural colors in the entire visible spectrum. With infiltration of composite hydrogels containing acrylic acid, acrylamide, chitosan, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the gaps of NPs to form an inverse opal PC, a structural color hydrogel that can quickly respond to different stimuli, including strain and temperature, is obtained. Moreover, with the addition of CNTs, the composite PC hydrogel can also output an electronic signal together with optical color changes. Based on these extraordinary responsive behaviors, the PC hydrogel sensor for quantitative feedback to external stimuli of stretching, bending, pressing, and thermal stimuli, with brilliant color change and electronic signal outputs simultaneously, is demonstrated. This fast-assembled PC hydrogel with excellent responsive properties has great potential for applications in wearable devices, mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and colorimetric displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhekun Shi
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Di Tan
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xichen Yang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lingheng Xiong
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yifeng Lei
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Longjian Xue
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering and The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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119
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Peterson HM, Chin LK, Iwamoto Y, Oh J, Carlson JCT, Lee H, Im H, Weissleder R. Integrated Analytical System for Clinical Single-Cell Analysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200415. [PMID: 35508767 PMCID: PMC9284190 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High-dimensional analyses of cancers can potentially be used to better define cancer subtypes, analyze the complex tumor microenvironment, and perform cancer cell pathway analyses for drug trials. Unfortunately, integrated systems that allow such analyses in serial fine needle aspirates within a day or at point-of-care currently do not exist. To achieve this, an integrated immunofluorescence single-cell analyzer (i2SCAN) for deep profiling of directly harvested cells is developed. By combining a novel cellular imaging system, highly cyclable bioorthogonal FAST antibody panels, and integrated computational analysis, it is shown that same-day analysis is possible in thousands of harvested cells. It is demonstrated that the i2SCAN approach allows comprehensive analysis of breast cancer samples obtained by fine needle aspiration or core tissues. The method is a rapid, robust, and low-cost solution to high-dimensional analysis of scant clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Peterson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Lip Ket Chin
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Yoshi Iwamoto
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Juhyun Oh
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Cancer CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Cancer CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
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120
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Seung Lee J, Kim J, Ye YS, Kim TI. Materials and device design for advanced phototherapy systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114339. [PMID: 35568104 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy has recently emerged as a promising solution for cancer treatment due to its multifunctionality and minimal invasiveness. Notwithstanding the limited penetration depth of light through skin, the ability of photopharmaceutical device systems to deliver light to desired lesions is important. The device system deploys advanced biocompatible materials and fabrication technologies for electronics, and eventually enables more efficient phototherapy. In this review, we focus on diverse optical electronics to illuminate the lesion site with light. Then, moving on to the phototherapy, we highlight photo-thermal therapy with light absorbing materials, photo-activated chemotherapy with light sensitive materials, and photo-dynamic therapy using photosensitizers. Furthermore, we introduce a drug delivery system that can deliver these photopharmaceutical agents spatiotemporally to the tumor site. To this end, we provide a general overview of materials and devices for phototherapy and discuss critical issues and pending limitations of such phototherapy.
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121
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Das R, Zeng W, Asci C, Del-Rio-Ruiz R, Sonkusale S. Recent progress in electrospun nanomaterials for wearables. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:021505. [PMID: 35783456 PMCID: PMC9249212 DOI: 10.1063/5.0088136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wearables have garnered significant attention in recent years not only as consumer electronics for entertainment, communications, and commerce but also for real-time continuous health monitoring. This has been spurred by advances in flexible sensors, transistors, energy storage, and harvesting devices to replace the traditional, bulky, and rigid electronic devices. However, engineering smart wearables that can seamlessly integrate with the human body is a daunting task. Some of the key material attributes that are challenging to meet are skin conformability, breathability, and biocompatibility while providing tunability of its mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties. Electrospinning has emerged as a versatile platform that can potentially address these challenges by fabricating nanofibers with tunable properties from a polymer base. In this article, we review advances in wearable electronic devices and systems that are developed using electrospinning. We cover various applications in multiple fields including healthcare, biomedicine, and energy. We review the ability to tune the electrical, physiochemical, and mechanical properties of the nanofibers underlying these applications and illustrate strategies that enable integration of these nanofibers with human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddha Das
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Cihan Asci
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Ruben Del-Rio-Ruiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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122
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Kukhta NA, Luscombe CK. Gaining control over conjugated polymer morphology to improve the performance of organic electronics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6982-6997. [PMID: 35604084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01430k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) are widely used in various domains of organic electronics. However, the performance of organic electronic devices can be variable due to the lack of precise predictive control over the polymer microstructure. While the chemical structure of CPs is important, CP microstructure also plays an important role in determining the charge-transport, optical and mechanical properties suitable for a target device. Understanding the interplay between CP microstructure and the resulting properties, as well as predicting and targeting specific polymer morphologies, would allow current comprehension of organic electronic device performance to be improved and potentially enable more facile device optimization and fabrication. In this Feature Article, we highlight the importance of investigating CP microstructure, discuss previous developments in the field, and provide an overview of the key aspects of the CP microstructure-property relationship, carried out in our group over recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadzeya A Kukhta
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, USA
| | - Christine K Luscombe
- pi-Conjugated Polymers Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
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123
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Kim SK, Lee GH, Jeon C, Han HH, Kim SJ, Mok JW, Joo CK, Shin S, Sim JY, Myung D, Bao Z, Hahn SK. Bimetallic Nanocatalysts Immobilized in Nanoporous Hydrogels for Long-Term Robust Continuous Glucose Monitoring of Smart Contact Lens. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110536. [PMID: 35194844 PMCID: PMC10782562 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Smart contact lenses for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have great potential for huge clinical impact. To date, their development has been limited by challenges in accurate detection of glucose without hysteresis for tear glucose monitoring to track the blood glucose levels. Here, long-term robust CGM in diabetic rabbits is demonstrated by using bimetallic nanocatalysts immobilized in nanoporous hydrogels in smart contact lenses. After redox reaction of glucose oxidase, the nanocatalysts facilitate rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and nanoparticle-mediated charge transfer with drastically improved diffusion via rapid swelling of nanoporous hydrogels. The ocular glucose sensors result in high sensitivity, fast response time, low detection limit, low hysteresis, and rapid sensor warming-up time. In diabetic rabbits, smart contact lens can detect tear glucose levels consistent with blood glucose levels measured by a glucometer and a CGM device, reflecting rapid concentration changes without hysteresis. The CGM in a human demonstrates the feasibility of smart contact lenses for further clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Hui Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheonhoo Jeon
- Department of Electrical Enginnering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Won Mok
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505, Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Choun-Ki Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505, Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Sangbaie Shin
- PHI BIOMED Co., 168, Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06248, Korea
| | - Jae-Yoon Sim
- Department of Electrical Enginnering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - David Myung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- PHI BIOMED Co., 168, Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06248, Korea
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Huang X, Li H, Li J, Huang L, Yao K, Yiu CK, Liu Y, Wong TH, Li D, Wu M, Huang Y, Gao Z, Zhou J, Gao Y, Li J, Jiao Y, Shi R, Zhang B, Hu B, Guo Q, Song E, Ye R, Yu X. Transient, Implantable, Ultrathin Biofuel Cells Enabled by Laser-Induced Graphene and Gold Nanoparticles Composite. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3447-3456. [PMID: 35411774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient power sources with excellent biocompatibility and bioresorablility have attracted significant attention. Here, we report high-performance, transient glucose enzymatic biofuel cells (TEBFCs) based on the laser-induced graphene (LIG)/gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) composite electrodes. Such LIG electrodes can be easily fabricated from polyimide (PI) with an infrared CO2 laser and exhibit a low impedance (16 Ω). The resulted TEBFC yields a high open circuit potential (OCP) of 0.77 V and a maximum power density of 483.1 μW/cm2. The TEBFC not only exhibits a quick response time that enables reaching the maximum OCP within 1 min but also owns a long lifetime over 28 days in vitro. The excellent biocompatibility and transient performance from in vitro and in vivo tests allow long-term implantation of TEBFCs in rats for energy harvesting. The TEBFCs with advanced processing methods provide a promising power solution for transient electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Libei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kuanming Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chun Ki Yiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tsz Hung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mengge Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingkun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuyu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yanli Jiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bofan Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qinglei Guo
- School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Enming Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Center for Cerebra-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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125
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Khadem E, Kharaziha M, Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Das O, Berto F. Cutting-Edge Progress in Stimuli-Responsive Bioadhesives: From Synthesis to Clinical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1709. [PMID: 35566878 PMCID: PMC9104595 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of "intelligent" materials, the design of smart bioadhesives responding to chemical, physical, or biological stimuli has been widely developed in biomedical applications to minimize the risk of wounds reopening, chronic pain, and inflammation. Intelligent bioadhesives are free-flowing liquid solutions passing through a phase shift in the physiological environment due to stimuli such as light, temperature, pH, and electric field. They possess great merits, such as ease to access and the ability to sustained release as well as the spatial transfer of a biomolecule with reduced side effects. Tissue engineering, wound healing, drug delivery, regenerative biomedicine, cancer therapy, and other fields have benefited from smart bioadhesives. Recently, many disciplinary attempts have been performed to promote the functionality of smart bioadhesives and discover innovative compositions. However, according to our knowledge, the development of multifunctional bioadhesives for various biomedical applications has not been adequately explored. This review aims to summarize the most recent cutting-edge strategies (years 2015-2021) developed for stimuli-sensitive bioadhesives responding to external stimuli. We first focus on five primary categories of stimuli-responsive bioadhesive systems (pH, thermal, light, electric field, and biomolecules), their properties, and limitations. Following the introduction of principal criteria for smart bioadhesives, their performances are discussed, and certain smart polymeric materials employed in their creation in 2015 are studied. Finally, advantages, disadvantages, and future directions regarding smart bioadhesives for biomedical applications are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khadem
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran;
| | - Oisik Das
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden;
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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126
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Wang C, Shi Q, Lee C. Advanced Implantable Biomedical Devices Enabled by Triboelectric Nanogenerators. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1366. [PMID: 35458075 PMCID: PMC9032723 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantable biomedical devices (IMDs) play essential roles in healthcare. Subject to the limited battery life, IMDs cannot achieve long-term in situ monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. The proposal and rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators free IMDs from the shackles of batteries and spawn a self-powered healthcare system. This review aims to overview the development of IMDs based on triboelectric nanogenerators, divided into self-powered biosensors, in vivo energy harvesting devices, and direct electrical stimulation therapy devices. Meanwhile, future challenges and opportunities are discussed according to the development requirements of current-level self-powered IMDs to enhance output performance, develop advanced triboelectric nanogenerators with multifunctional materials, and self-driven close-looped diagnosis and treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore; (C.W.); (Q.S.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiongfeng Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore; (C.W.); (Q.S.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore; (C.W.); (Q.S.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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127
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Lee SY, Jeon S, Kwon YW, Kwon M, Kang MS, Seong KY, Park TE, Yang SY, Han DW, Hong SW, Kim KS. Combinatorial wound healing therapy using adhesive nanofibrous membrane equipped with wearable LED patches for photobiomodulation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn1646. [PMID: 35427152 PMCID: PMC9012471 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is the dynamic tissue regeneration process replacing devitalized and missing tissue layers. With the development of photomedicine techniques in wound healing, safe and noninvasive photobiomodulation therapy is receiving attention. Effective wound management in photobiomodulation is challenged, however, by limited control of the geometrical mismatches on the injured skin surface. Here, adhesive hyaluronic acid-based gelatin nanofibrous membranes integrated with multiple light-emitting diode (LED) arrays are developed as a skin-attachable patch. The nanofibrous wound dressing is expected to mimic the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular matrix, and its adhesiveness allows tight coupling between the wound sites and the flexible LED patch. Experimental results demonstrate that our medical device accelerates the initial wound healing process by the synergetic effects of the wound dressing and LED irradiation. Our proposed technology promises progress for wound healing management and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangheon Jeon
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Kwon
- Department of Nano-fusion Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Yong Seong
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eon Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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128
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Host-guest liquid gating mechanism with specific recognition interface behavior for universal quantitative chemical detection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1906. [PMID: 35393415 PMCID: PMC8991241 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Universal visual quantitative chemical detection technology has emerged as an increasingly crucial tool for convenient testing with immediate results in the fields of environmental assessment, homeland security, clinical drug testing and health care, particularly in resource-limited settings. Here, we show a host-guest liquid gating mechanism to translate molecular interface recognition behavior into visually quantifiable detection signals. Quantitative chemical detection is achieved, which has obvious advantages for constructing a portable, affordable, on-site sensing platform to enable the visual quantitative testing of target molecules without optical/electrical equipment. Experiments and theoretical calculations confirm the specificity and scalability of the system. This mechanism can also be tailored by the rational design of host-guest complexes to quantitatively and visually detect various molecules. With the advantages of versatility and freedom from additional equipment, this detection mechanism has the potential to revolutionize environmental monitoring, food safety analysis, clinical drug testing, and more. In field, visual, chemical detection is of use for a wide range of possible applications. Here, the authors report on the creation of a host-guest liquid gating mechanism where detection of the target host triggers gate opening allowing for gas through the liquid gate, which can be used for visual detection.
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129
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Han M, Yildiz E, Kaleli HN, Karaz S, Eren GO, Dogru‐Yuksel IB, Senses E, Şahin A, Nizamoglu S. Tissue-Like Optoelectronic Neural Interface Enabled by PEDOT:PSS Hydrogel for Cardiac and Neural Stimulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102160. [PMID: 34969168 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic biointerfaces have made a significant impact on modern science and technology from understanding the mechanisms of the neurotransmission to the recovery of the vision for blinds. They are based on the cell interfaces made of organic or inorganic materials such as silicon, graphene, oxides, quantum dots, and π-conjugated polymers, which are dry and stiff unlike a cell/tissue environment. On the other side, wet and soft hydrogels have recently been started to attract significant attention for bioelectronics because of its high-level tissue-matching biomechanics and biocompatibility. However, it is challenging to obtain optimal opto-bioelectronic devices by using hydrogels requiring device, heterojunction, and hydrogel engineering. Here, an optoelectronic biointerface integrated with a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, hydrogel that simultaneously achieves efficient, flexible, stable, biocompatible, and safe photostimulation of cells is demonstrated. Besides their interfacial tissue-like biomechanics, ≈34 kPa, and high-level biocompatibility, hydrogel-integration facilitates increase in charge injection amounts sevenfolds with an improved responsivity of 156 mA W-1 , stability under mechanical bending , and functional lifetime over three years. Finally, these devices enable stimulation of individual hippocampal neurons and photocontrol of beating frequency of cardiac myocytes via safe charge-balanced capacitive currents. Therefore, hydrogel-enabled optoelectronic biointerfaces hold great promise for next-generation wireless neural and cardiac implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mertcan Han
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Erdost Yildiz
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Hümeyra Nur Kaleli
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Selcan Karaz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Guncem Ozgun Eren
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | | | - Erkan Senses
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Afsun Şahin
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology Medical School Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
| | - Sedat Nizamoglu
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey
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130
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Wearable and implantable devices for drug delivery: Applications and challenges. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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131
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Zhang J, Jia Q, Yue Z, Huo J, Chai J, Yu L, Nie R, Shao H, Zhao Y, Li P, Huang W. An Electroluminodynamic Flexible Device for Highly Efficient Eradication of Drug-Resistant Bacteria. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200334. [PMID: 35194842 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted wide attention in antibacterial applications due to its advantages of spatial-temporal selectivity, noninvasiveness, and low incidence to develop drug resistance. To make it more convenient, universal, and manipulatable for clinical application, a conceptually antibacterial strategy, namely "electroluminodynamic therapy" (ELDT), is presented by nanoassembly of an electroluminescent (EL) material and a photosensitizer, which is capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ under an electric field, i.e., the fluorescence emitted by the EL molecules excites the photosensitizer to generate singlet oxygen (1 O2 ), for the oxidative damage of pathogens. Based on the scheme of ELDT, a flexible therapeutic device is fabricated through a hydrogel loading with ELDT nanoagents, followed by integration with a flexible battery, satisfying the requirements of being light and wearable for wound dressings. The ELDT-based flexible device presents potent ROS-induced killing efficacies against drug-resistant bacteria (>99.9%), so as to effectively inhibit the superficial infection and promote the wound healing. This research reveals a proof-of-concept ELDT strategy as a prospective alternative to PDT, which avoids the utilization of a physical light source, and achieves convenient and effective killing of drug-resistant bacteria through a hydrogel-based flexible therapeutic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qingyan Jia
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (SKLOEID), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zilin Yue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jingjing Huo
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Luofeng Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Renhao Nie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Han Shao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (SKLOEID), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Wu W, Wang L, Yang Y, Du W, Ji W, Fang Z, Hou X, Wu Q, Zhang C, Li L. Optical flexible biosensors: From detection principles to biomedical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Almarshad MA, Islam MS, Al-Ahmadi S, BaHammam AS. Diagnostic Features and Potential Applications of PPG Signal in Healthcare: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:547. [PMID: 35327025 PMCID: PMC8950880 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research indicates that Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals carry more information than oxygen saturation level (SpO2) and can be utilized for affordable, fast, and noninvasive healthcare applications. All these encourage the researchers to estimate its feasibility as an alternative to many expansive, time-wasting, and invasive methods. This systematic review discusses the current literature on diagnostic features of PPG signal and their applications that might present a potential venue to be adapted into many health and fitness aspects of human life. The research methodology is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines 2020. To this aim, papers from 1981 to date are reviewed and categorized in terms of the healthcare application domain. Along with consolidated research areas, recent topics that are growing in popularity are also discovered. We also highlight the potential impact of using PPG signals on an individual's quality of life and public health. The state-of-the-art studies suggest that in the years to come PPG wearables will become pervasive in many fields of medical practices, and the main domains include cardiology, respiratory, neurology, and fitness. Main operation challenges, including performance and robustness obstacles, are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Abdullah Almarshad
- Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.I.); (S.A.-A.)
- Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.I.); (S.A.-A.)
| | - Saad Al-Ahmadi
- Computer Science Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.I.); (S.A.-A.)
| | - Ahmed S. BaHammam
- The University Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11324, Saudi Arabia;
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Lee JH, Song J, Kim IG, You G, Kim H, Ahn JH, Mok H. Exosome-mediated delivery of transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 kinase inhibitors and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists for combination therapy of tumors. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:354-363. [PMID: 35007784 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, combination therapy with the transforming growth factor-β receptor I (TGFβRI) kinase inhibitor SD-208 and a toll-like receptor (TLR)-7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) was examined along with serum-derived exosomes (EXOs) as versatile carriers. SD-208-encapsulated EXOs (SD-208/EXOs) and R848-encapsulated EXOs (R848/EXOs) were successfully prepared with a size of 87 ± 8 nm and 51 ± 4 nm, respectively, which were stable in aqueous solution at pH 7.4. SD-208/EXOs and R848/EXOs reduced the migration of cancer cells (B16F10 and PC-3) and triggered the release of proinflammatory cytokines from stimulated macrophages and dendritic cells, respectively. The fluorescent dye-labeled EXOs showed significantly improved penetration through the PC-3/fibroblast co-culture spheroids and enhanced accumulation in the B16F10 mouse tumor model compared with the free fluorescent dye. In addition, the combination therapy of R848/EXOs (R848 dose of 0.36 mg/kg) and SD-208/EXOs (SD-208 dose of 0.75 mg/kg) reduced tumor growth and improved survival rate at low doses in the B16F10 tumor xenograft model. Taken together, the combination therapy using the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor and TLR 7/8 agonist with EXOs may serve as a promising strategy to treat melanoma and prostate cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Owing to the prevalence of several non-responding cancers that resist treatment, it is necessary to identify a novel combined treatment strategy with biomaterials to maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize the undesirable side effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the use of the TGFβRI kinase inhibitor SD-208 and the TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) encapsulated within serum-derived EXOs for their synergistic antitumor effects. We first demonstrated that combined treatment with SD-208 and R848 can be a convincing strategy to circumvent tumor growth in vivo using serum-derived exosomes as promising carriers. Therefore, we believe this manuscript would be of great interest to the biomaterial communities especially who are studying immunotherapy.
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135
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García-Moreno I, Postils V, Rebollar E, Ortiz MJ, Agarrabeitia AR, Casanova D. Generation of multiple triplet states in an orthogonal bodipy dimer: a breakthrough spectroscopic and theoretical approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5929-5938. [PMID: 35195637 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05730h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Generation of triplet states in assemblies of organic chromophores is extremely appealing for their potential use in optoelectronic applications. In this work, we investigate the intricacies of triplet state generation in an orthogonal BODIPY dimer by combining delayed photoemission techniques with electronic structure calculations. Our analysis provides a deep understanding of the electronic states involved, and describes different competing deactivation channels beyond prompt radiative decay. In particular, we identify charge-transfer (CT) mediated intersystem crossing (ISC) as the most likely mechanism for the triplet state generation in this system. The different emission bands at long times can be associated with delayed fluorescence, CT emission and phosphorescence from multiple low-energy triplets. Interestingly, the dependence of the yield of triplet state population and emission profiles with the solvent polarity evidences the decisive role of the CT configuration in the fate of the photoactivated dimer, controlling the relative ISC, reverse ISC, and internal conversion efficiencies. Overall, the present results provide a rather complete description of the delayed photophysics in the BODIPY dimer, but are not able to fully rationalize the unexpected photoluminescence recorded at long wavelengths (≥ 900 nm). We hypothesize that the origin of this emission, not present in BODIPY monomers, emerges from intermonomer interactions triggered by intramolecular distortions opening up a new vision in the controverted mechanism driving the photophysical behavior from orthogonally linked organic monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Verònica Postils
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Esther Rebollar
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria J Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia R Agarrabeitia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain.
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A 2D material-based transparent hydrogel with engineerable interference colours. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1212. [PMID: 35260559 PMCID: PMC8904793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transparent hydrogels are key materials for many applications, such as contact lens, imperceptible soft robotics and invisible wearable devices. Introducing large and engineerable optical anisotropy offers great prospect for endowing them with extra birefringence-based functions and exploiting their applications in see-through flexible polarization optics. However, existing transparent hydrogels suffer from limitation of low and/or non-fine engineerable birefringence. Here, we invent a transparent magneto-birefringence hydrogel with large and finely engineerable optical anisotropy. The large optical anisotropy factor of the embedded magnetic two-dimensional material gives rise to the large magneto-birefringence of the hydrogel in the transparent condition of ultra-low concentration, which is several orders of magnitude larger than usual transparent magnetic hydrogels. High transparency, large and tunable optical anisotropy cooperatively permit the magnetic patterning of interference colours in the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows mechanochromic and thermochromic property. Our finding provides an entry point for applying hydrogel in optical anisotropy and colour centred fields, with several proof-of-concept applications been demonstrated. Though transparent hydrogels with tunable optical anisotropy are attractive for soft robotics, wearable devices and optical applications, achieving large birefringence has been a challenge. Here, the authors report a transparent hydrogel with large, uniform and magnetically tunable birefringence.
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137
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Yuan X, Wu P, Gao Q, Xu J, Guo B, He Y. Multifunctionally wearable monitoring with gelatin hydrogel electronics of liquid metals. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:961-972. [PMID: 35179166 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh02030g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based flexible electronics have been of widespread interest in recent years. However, current hydrogel electronics have limitations, such as poor biocompatibility, non-reusability, low electrical response to deformation and being single-function. GelMA is a gelatin-based hydrogel that has been widely used in the biological field, such as in tissue repair and drug delivery. Could it be a good choice for high biocompatibility wearable electronics? Here, by controlling the replacement rate of amine and hydroxy functionalities, we made the common brittle GelMA into a highly stretchable hydrogel. And we report for the first time GelMA hydrogel electronics with liquid metals (LMGE), which could be fabricated by simply injecting liquid metals into the internal microchannels of the GelMA hydrogels (GelMA-30). With the unique biocompatibility, outstanding air and ion permeability, and great mechanical properties of GelMA-30, as well as the low toxicity, high conductivity and high rheology of liquid metals, LMGE can not only monitor movement changes and even the heartbeat of rats, but can also be used as a wireless monitor to supervise secretions produced during human exercise. The design of LMGE provides a general strategy for the manufacture of bio-flexible hydrogel electronics, which opens the way for the development of multi-functional biomimetic materials for integrated monitoring and repair for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, 457001, China
| | - Pengcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, 457001, China
| | - Bin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, 457001, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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138
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Lee G, Jeon C, Mok JW, Shin S, Kim S, Han HH, Kim S, Hong SH, Kim H, Joo C, Sim J, Hahn SK. Smart Wireless Near-Infrared Light Emitting Contact Lens for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103254. [PMID: 35092362 PMCID: PMC8948592 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is currently treated by highly invasive repeated therapeutic injections and surgical interventions without complete vision recovery. Here, a noninvasive smart wireless far red/near-infrared (NIR) light emitting contact lens developed successfully for the repeated treatment of diabetic retinopathy with significantly improved compliance. A far red/NIR light emitting diode (LED) is connected with an application-specific integrated circuit chip, wireless power, and communication systems on a PET film, which is embedded in a silicone elastomer contact lens by thermal crosslinking. After in vitro characterization, it is confirmed that the retinal vascular hyper-permeability induced by diabetic retinopathy in rabbits is reduced to a statistically significant level by simply repeated wearing of smart far red/NIR LED contact lens for 8 weeks with 120 µW light irradiation for 15 min thrice a week. Histological analysis exhibits the safety and feasibility of LED contact lenses for treating diabetic retinopathy. This platform technology for smart LED contact lens would be harnessed for various biomedical photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon‐Hui Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Cheonhoo Jeon
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Jee Won Mok
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea505, Banpo‐dongSeocho‐guSeoul06591South Korea
| | - Sangbaie Shin
- PHI BIOMED Co.168, Yeoksam‐roGangnam‐guSeoul06248South Korea
| | - Su‐Kyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Han
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Seong‐Jong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Hwanhee Kim
- PHI BIOMED Co.168, Yeoksam‐roGangnam‐guSeoul06248South Korea
| | - Choun‐Ki Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceSeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea505, Banpo‐dongSeocho‐guSeoul06591South Korea
| | - Jae‐Yoon Sim
- Department of Electrical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐ro, Nam‐guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
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139
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Tian S, Xing Y, Long Y, Guo H, Xu S, Ma Y, Wen C, Li Q, Liu X, Zhang L, Yang J. A Degradable-Renewable Ionic Skin Based on Edible Glutinous Rice Gel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5122-5133. [PMID: 35050566 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional wearable devices are commonly nonrecyclable and nondegradable, resulting in energy waste and environmental pollution. Here, a household degradable and renewable ionic skin based on edible glutinous rice gel is developed for a strain, temperature and salivary enzyme activity sensor. This gel depends on intermolecular and intramolecular H-bonds among amylopectin and amylose, and this presents excellent skin-like properties, including stretchability, self-healing property, and adhesion to various substrates. The glutinous rice gel-based skin sensor can be used to monitor vital signs and physiological parameters such as body temperature and heart rate. The sensor also achieves specific speech recognition and detects temperature and body micromovements, which provides the potential to reconstruct language or sensory/motor functions. More importantly, because of the excellent biocompatibility and degradability, the sensor can directly detect the activity of human salivary amylase, which is useful for diagnosing pancreas-, kidney-, and spleen-related diseases in the elderly. Finally, the raw material of ionic skin that originates from traditional grains is degradable and renewable as well as it can be used to prepare household wearable devices. Hence, this work not only extends the application of wearable electronics in daily life but also facilitates health monitoring in the elderly and improves their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Tian
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Yihang Xing
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - You Long
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Hongshuang Guo
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Sijia Xu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Chiyu Wen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Qingsi Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Xinmeng Liu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300350, China
- Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin301700, China
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140
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Zhu M, Ji S, Luo Y, Zhang F, Liu Z, Wang C, Lv Z, Jiang Y, Wang M, Cui Z, Li G, Jiang L, Liu Z, Chen X. A Mechanically Interlocking Strategy Based on Conductive Microbridges for Stretchable Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101339. [PMID: 34978104 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable electronics incorporating critical sensing, data transmission, display and powering functionalities, is crucial to emerging wearable healthcare applications. To date, methods to achieve stretchability of individual functional devices have been extensively investigated. However, integration strategies of these stretchable devices to achieve all-stretchable systems are still under exploration, in which the reliable stretchable interconnection is a key element. Here, solderless stretchable interconnections based on mechanically interlocking microbridges are developed to realize the assembly of individual stretchable devices onto soft patternable circuits toward multifunctional all-stretchable platforms. This stretchable interconnection can effectively bridge interlayer conductivity with tight adhesion through both conductive microbridges and selectively distributed adhesive polymer. Consequently, enhanced stretchability up to a strain of 35% (R/R0 ≤ 5) is shown, compared with conventional solder-assisted connections which lose electrical conduction at a strain of less than 5% (R/R0 ≈ 30). As a proof of concept, a self-powered all-stretchable data-acquisition platform is fabricated by surface mounting a stretchable strain sensor and a supercapacitor onto a soft circuit through solderless interconnections. This solderless interconnecting strategy for surface-mountable devices can be utilized as a valuable technology for the integration of stretchable devices to achieve all-soft multifunctional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shaobo Ji
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yifei Luo
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Feilong Zhang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Changxian Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zequn Cui
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Guanglin Li
- Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Longtao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck - NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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Li WD, Ke K, Jia J, Pu JH, Zhao X, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Bai L, Zhang K, Yang MB, Yang W. Recent Advances in Multiresponsive Flexible Sensors towards E-skin: A Delicate Design for Versatile Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2103734. [PMID: 34825473 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiresponsive flexile sensors with strain, temperature, humidity, and other sensing abilities serving as real electronic skin (e-skin) have manifested great application potential in flexible electronics, artificial intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT). Although numerous flexible sensors with sole sensing function have already been reported since the concept of e-skin, that mimics the sensing features of human skin, was proposed about a decade ago, the ones with more sensing capacities as new emergences are urgently demanded. However, highly integrated and highly sensitive flexible sensors with multiresponsive functions are becoming a big thrust for the detection of human body motions, physiological signals (e.g., skin temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiograms (ECG), electromyograms (EMG), sweat, etc.) and environmental stimuli (e.g., light, magnetic field, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), which are vital to real-time and all-round human health monitoring and management. Herein, this review summarizes the design, manufacturing, and application of multiresponsive flexible sensors and presents the future challenges of fabricating these sensors for the next-generation e-skin and wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Di Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jin Jia
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Jun-Hong Pu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Lu Bai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
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142
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Nie B, Liu S, Qu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Liu J. Bio-inspired flexible electronics for smart E-skin. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:280-295. [PMID: 34157454 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
"Learning from nature" provides endless inspiration for scientists to invent new materials and devices. Here, we review state-of-the-art technologies in flexible electronics, with a focus on bio-inspired smart skins. This review focuses on the development of E-skin for sensing a variety of parameters such as mechanical loads, temperature, light, and biochemical cues, with a trend of increased integration of multiple functions. It highlights the most recent advances in flexible electronics inspired by animals such as chameleons, squids, and octopi whose bodies have remarkable camouflage, mimicry, or self-healing attributes. Implantable devices, being overlapped with smart E-skin in a broad sense, are included in this review. This review outlines the remaining challenges in flexible electronics and the prospects for future development for biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This article reviews the state-of-the-art technologies of bio-inspired smart electronic skin (E-skin) developed in a "learning-mimicking-creating" (LMC) cycle. We emphasize the most recent innovations in the development of E-skin for sensing physical changes and biochemical cues, and for integrating multiple sensing modalities. We discuss the achievements in implantable materials, wireless communication, and device design pertaining to implantable flexible electronics. This review will provide prospective insights integrating material, electronics, and mechanical engineering viewpoints to foster new ideas for next-generation smart E-skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Nie
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Sidi Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qing Qu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yiqiu Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengying Zhao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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143
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A Review on Solution-Processed Organic Phototransistors and Their Recent Developments. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Today, more disciplines are intercepting each other, giving rise to “cross-disciplinary” research. Technological advancements in material science and device structure and production have paved the way towards development of new classes of multi-purpose sensory devices. Organic phototransistors (OPTs) are photo-activated sensors based on organic field-effect transistors that convert incident light signals into electrical signals. The organic semiconductor (OSC) layer and three-electrode structure of an OPT offer great advantages for light detection compared to conventional photodetectors and photodiodes, due to their signal amplification and noise reduction characteristics. Solution processing of the active layer enables mass production of OPT devices at significantly reduced cost. The chemical structure of OSCs can be modified accordingly to fulfil detection at various wavelengths for different purposes. Organic phototransistors have attracted substantial interest in a variety of fields, namely biomedical, medical diagnostics, healthcare, energy, security, and environmental monitoring. Lightweight and mechanically flexible and wearable OPTs are suitable alternatives not only at clinical levels but also for point-of-care and home-assisted usage. In this review, we aim to explain different types, working mechanism and figures of merit of organic phototransistors and highlight the recent advances from the literature on development and implementation of OPTs for a broad range of research and real-life applications.
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144
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Eisele DM, Visaveliya N, Kelestemur S, Khatoon F, Xu J, Leo K, St. Peter L, Chan C, Mikhailova T, Bexheti V, Kapadia A, Carbery WP, Ng K, Maity P. Microfluidic-Supported Synthesis of Anisotropic Polyvinyl Methacrylate Nanoparticles via Interfacial Agents. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01729b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For polymer particles, recent studies emphasized that the particle shape—not size—plays the dominant role in novel applications in fields ranging from nanotechnology, biomedicine, to photonics, which has intensified the quest...
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145
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Lai Y, Lu N, Ouyang A, Zhang Q, Zhang P. Ferroptosis promotes sonodynamic therapy: a platinum( ii)–indocyanine sonosensitizer. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9921-9926. [PMID: 36128230 PMCID: PMC9430585 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has unique advantages in deep tumour ablation due to its deep penetration depth, showing great preclinical and clinical potential. Herein, a platinum(ii)–cyanine complex has been designed to investigate its potential as a SDT anticancer agent. It generates singlet oxygen (1O2) under ultrasound (US) irradiation or light irradiation, and exhibits US-cytotoxicity in breast cancer 4T1 cells but with negligible dark-cytotoxicity. Mechanistic investigations reveal that Pt-Cy reduces the cellular GSH and GPX4, and triggers cancer cell ferroptosis under US irradiation. The metabolomics analysis illustrates that Pt-Cy upon US treatment significantly dysregulates glutathione metabolism, and finally induces ferroptosis. In vivo studies further demonstrate that Pt-Cy inhibits tumor growth under US irradiation and its efficiency for SDT is better than that for PDT in vivo. This is the first example of platinum(ii) complexes for sonodynamic therapy. This work extends the biological applications of metal complexes from PDT to SDT. A novel platinum(ii)–cyanine complex showed a greater excellent sonodynamic therapeutic effect than photodynamic therapy in vivo. This work expands the biological applications of metal complexes from traditional photodynamic therapy to sonodynamic therapy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Lai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Nong Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Ai Ouyang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Qianling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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146
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Ren X, Lin K, Hsieh CM, Liu L, Ge X, Liu Q. Optical coherence tomography-guided confocal Raman microspectroscopy for rapid measurements in tissues. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:344-357. [PMID: 35154875 PMCID: PMC8803007 DOI: 10.1364/boe.441058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a joint system with both confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) modules capable of quickly addressing the region of interest in a tissue for targeted Raman measurements from OCT. By using an electrically tunable lens in the Raman module, the focus of the module can be adjusted to address any specific depth indicated in an OCT image in a few milliseconds. We demonstrate the performance of the joint system in the depth dependent measurements of an ex vivo swine tissue and in vivo human skin. This system can be useful in measuring samples embedded with small targets, for example, to identify tumors in skin in vivo and assessment of tumor margins, in which OCT can be used to perform initial real-time screening with high throughput based on morphological features to identify suspicious targets then CRS is guided to address the targets in real time and fully characterize their biochemical fingerprints for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Ren
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
- Equal contributors to paper
| | - Kan Lin
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
- Equal contributors to paper
| | - Chao-Mao Hsieh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
| | - Linbo Liu
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xin Ge
- School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
| | - Quan Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
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147
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Bhatnagar P, Patel M, Nguyen TT, Kim S, Kim J. Transparent Photovoltaics for Self-Powered Bioelectronics and Neuromorphic Applications. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:12426-12436. [PMID: 34939813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the brain, future computation depends on creating a neuromorphic device that is energy-efficient for information processing and capable of sensing and learning. The current computation-chip platform is not capable of self-power and neuromorphic functionality; therefore, a need exists for a new platform that provides both. This Perspective illustrates potential transparent photovoltaics as a platform to achieve scalable, multimodal sensory, self-sustainable neural systems (e.g., visual cortex, nociception, and electronic skin). We present herein a strategy to harvest solar power using a transparent photovoltaic device that provides neuromorphic functionality to implement versatile, sustainable, integrative, and practical applications. The proposed solid-inorganic heterostructure platform is indispensable for achieving a variety of biosensors, sensory systems, neuromorphic computing, and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bhatnagar
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Malkeshkumar Patel
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanh Tai Nguyen
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Joondong Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL), Multidisciplinary Core Institute for Future Energies (MCIFE), Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, 119 Academy Road, Yeonsu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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148
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Liu D, Ding Z, Wu Y, Liu SF, Han Y, Zhao K. In Situ Study of Molecular Aggregation in Conjugated Polymer/Elastomer Blends toward Stretchable Electronics. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongle Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zicheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanchun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi, China
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149
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Guo X, He T, Zhang Z, Luo A, Wang F, Ng EJ, Zhu Y, Liu H, Lee C. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Caregiving Walking Stick Powered by Ultra-Low-Frequency Human Motion. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19054-19069. [PMID: 34308631 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing population of the elderly and motion-impaired people brings a huge challenge to our social system. However, the walking stick as their essential tool has rarely been investigated into its potential capabilities beyond basic physical support, such as activity monitoring, tracing, and accident alert. Here, we report a walking stick powered by ultra-low-frequency human motion and equipped with deep-learning-enabled advanced sensing features to provide a healthcare-monitoring platform for motion-impaired users. A linear-to-rotary structure is designed to achieve highly efficient energy harvesting from the linear motion of a walking stick with ultralow frequency. Besides, two kinds of self-powered triboelectric sensors are proposed and integrated to extract the motion features of the walking stick. Augmented sensing functionalities with high accuracies have been enabled by deep-learning-based data analysis, including identity recognition, disability evaluation, and motion status distinguishing. Furthermore, a self-sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) system with global positioning system tracing and environmental temperature and humidity amenity sensing functions is obtained. Combined with the aforementioned functionalities, this walking stick is demonstrated in various usage scenarios as a caregiver for real-time well-being status and activity monitoring. The caregiving walking stick shows the potential of being an intelligent aid for motion-impaired users to help them live life with adequate autonomy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Guo
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Tianyiyi He
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Anxin Luo
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Eldwin J Ng
- Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Yao Zhu
- Institute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Huicong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, 5 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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150
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Chen G, Xiao X, Zhao X, Tat T, Bick M, Chen J. Electronic Textiles for Wearable Point-of-Care Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3259-3291. [PMID: 34939791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional public health systems are suffering from limited, delayed, and inefficient medical services, especially when confronted with the pandemic and the aging population. Fusing traditional textiles with diagnostic, therapeutic, and protective medical devices can unlock electronic textiles (e-textiles) as point-of-care platform technologies on the human body, continuously monitoring vital signs and implementing round-the-clock treatment protocols in close proximity to the patient. This review comprehensively summarizes the research advances on e-textiles for wearable point-of-care systems. We start with a brief introduction to emphasize the significance of e-textiles in the current healthcare system. Then, we describe textile sensors for diagnosis, textile therapeutic devices for medical treatment, and textile protective devices for prevention, by highlighting their working mechanisms, representative materials, and clinical application scenarios. Afterward, we detail e-textiles' connection technologies as the gateway for real-time data transmission and processing in the context of 5G technologies and Internet of Things. Finally, we provide new insights into the remaining challenges and future directions in the field of e-textiles. Fueled by advances in chemistry and materials science, textile-based diagnostic devices, therapeutic devices, protective medical devices, and communication units are expected to interact synergistically to construct intelligent, wearable point-of-care textile platforms, ultimately illuminating the future of healthcare system in the Internet of Things era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xun Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Trinny Tat
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael Bick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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