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Osada Y, Yanagishita T. Effects of anodization conditions of stainless steel on the formation of ordered nanoporous structures with high aspect ratios. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:465601. [PMID: 37567165 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acef2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel are functional materials with various potential applications. It has been reported that nanoporous structures can be prepared by the anodization of stainless steel in an electrolyte containing fluoride ions. However, under the reported anodization conditions, the control range of the interpore distance of resulting nanoporous structures was narrow. To expand the application fields of the nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel, it is an important challenge to determine the anodization conditions that can control the interpore distance of nanoporous structures over a wide range. In this study, we investigated the effects of the electrolyte composition on the anodization behavior of stainless steel and the interpore distance of the resulting nanoporous structure. As a result, we found that the maximum voltage for the stable anodization of stainless steel increases when a mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol containing NH4F is used as the electrolyte. Since the interpore distance of nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel is proportional to the anodization voltage, as the voltage range over which stainless steel can be anodized increased, the range of interpore distances of the nanoporous structures obtained also increased. On the basis of these results, ordered nanoporous structures with a large interpore distance (100 nm), which could not be obtained under the previously reported anodization conditions, were fabricated by the anodization of a stainless steel substrate with a depression pattern formed by Ar ion milling using an alumina mask under optimized anodization conditions. The resulting ordered nanoporous structures with controlled interpore distances are expected to be used in various devices such as capacitors and photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuga Osada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takashi Yanagishita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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2
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Chen D, Wei Z, Wang M, Zhao S, Liu P, Pan A, Tan Y. Scalable-doped Nanoporous 1T″ ReSe 2 via a General Surface Co-Alloy Strategy. Nano Lett 2022; 22:7020-7027. [PMID: 35973110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reliable and controllable doping of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides is an efficient approach to tailor their physicochemical properties and expand their functional applications. However, precise control over dopant distribution and scalability of the process remains a challenge. Here, we report a general method to achieve scalable in situ doping of centimeter-sized bicontinuous nanoporous ReSe2 films with transition metal atoms via surface coalloy growth. The distinct strains induced by the bending curvature of nanoporous structures and uniform dopants result in a local 1T' to 1T″ structure phase transition over nanoporous ReSe2 films. The as-prepared nanoporous Ru-ReSe2 with high 1T″ phase exhibits preferable electrochemical activity in hydrogen evolution reaction. The work demonstrates a unique and general approach to synthesize uniformly-doped transition metal dichalcogenides with 3D bicontinuous nanoporous structure, which can be scaled up to batch production for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Zengxi Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mengjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Anlian Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yongwen Tan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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3
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Kim SK, Lee GH, Jeon C, Han HH, Kim SJ, Mok JW, Joo CK, Shin S, Sim JY, Myung D, Bao Z, Hahn SK. Bimetallic Nanocatalysts Immobilized in Nanoporous Hydrogels for Long-Term Robust Continuous Glucose Monitoring of Smart Contact Lens. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2110536. [PMID: 35194844 PMCID: PMC10782562 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Smart contact lenses for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have great potential for huge clinical impact. To date, their development has been limited by challenges in accurate detection of glucose without hysteresis for tear glucose monitoring to track the blood glucose levels. Here, long-term robust CGM in diabetic rabbits is demonstrated by using bimetallic nanocatalysts immobilized in nanoporous hydrogels in smart contact lenses. After redox reaction of glucose oxidase, the nanocatalysts facilitate rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and nanoparticle-mediated charge transfer with drastically improved diffusion via rapid swelling of nanoporous hydrogels. The ocular glucose sensors result in high sensitivity, fast response time, low detection limit, low hysteresis, and rapid sensor warming-up time. In diabetic rabbits, smart contact lens can detect tear glucose levels consistent with blood glucose levels measured by a glucometer and a CGM device, reflecting rapid concentration changes without hysteresis. The CGM in a human demonstrates the feasibility of smart contact lenses for further clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Hui Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheonhoo Jeon
- Department of Electrical Enginnering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Won Mok
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505, Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Choun-Ki Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Collage of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505, Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Sangbaie Shin
- PHI BIOMED Co., 168, Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06248, Korea
| | - Jae-Yoon Sim
- Department of Electrical Enginnering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - David Myung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
- PHI BIOMED Co., 168, Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06248, Korea
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Zhang W, Xu J, Li G, Wang K. Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Anodic Stainless Steel Foils towards Flexible Supercapacitors. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15041615. [PMID: 35208155 PMCID: PMC8879062 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the fabrication and enhanced supercapacitive performance of nitrogen-doped nanoporous stainless steel foils, which have been prepared by electrochemical anodization and subsequent thermal annealing in ammonia atmosphere. The nanoporous oxide layers are grown on type-304 stainless steel foil with optimal thickness ~11.9 μm. The N-doped sample exhibits high average areal capacitance of 321.3 mF·cm−2 at a current density of 1.0 mA·cm−2, 3.6 times of increment compared with untreated one. Structural and electrochemical characterizations indicate that the significant enhancement is correlated to the high charge transfer efficiency from nitriding nanosheet products Fe3N. Our report here may provide new insight on the development of high-performance, low-cost and binder-free supercapacitor electrodes for flexible and portable electronic device applications with multiple anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Zhang
- Institute of Energy Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (W.Z.); (K.W.)
| | - Jianle Xu
- Institute of Energy Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (W.Z.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Energy Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (W.Z.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Institute of Energy Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (W.Z.); (K.W.)
- Department of Microsystems-IMS, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3184 Horten, Norway
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Kwon H, Bae D, Won D, Kim H, Kim G, Cho J, Park HJ, Baik H, Jeong AR, Lin CH, Chiang CY, Ku CS, Yang H, Cho S. Nanoporous Silver Telluride for Active Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Nano 2021; 15:6540-6550. [PMID: 33784072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silver-based nanomaterials have been versatile building blocks of various photoassisted energy applications; however, they have demonstrated poor electrochemical catalytic performance and stability, in particular, in acidic environments. Here we report a stable and high-performance electrochemical catalyst of silver telluride (AgTe) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which was synthesized with a nanoporous structure by an electrochemical synthesis method. X-ray spectroscopy techniques on the nanometer scale and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed an orthorhombic structure of nanoporous AgTe with precise lattice constants. First-principles calculations show that the AgTe surface possesses highly active catalytic sites for the HER with an optimized Gibbs free energy change of hydrogen adsorption (-0.005 eV). Our nanoporous AgTe demonstrates exceptional stability and performance for the HER, an overpotential of 27 mV, and a Tafel slope of 33 mV/dec. As a stable catalyst for hydrogen production, AgTe is comparable to platinum-based catalysts and provides a breakthrough for high-performance electrochemical catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagyeong Kwon
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program for System Health Science and Engineering (BK21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeon Bae
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program for System Health Science and Engineering (BK21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeun Won
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeju Kim
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunn Kim
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiung Cho
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Park
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hionsuck Baik
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Reum Jeong
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chia-Hsien Lin
- Materials Science Group, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Chiang
- Materials Science Group, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shun Ku
- Materials Science Group, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Heejun Yang
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Cho
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program for System Health Science and Engineering (BK21 Plus), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Wang L, Li L, Liu Y, Wang S, Cai H, Jin H, Tang Q, Sun W, Yang D. The preparation and characterization of uniform nanoporous structure on glass. R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:192029. [PMID: 32874608 PMCID: PMC7428243 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.192029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel fabrication method of uniform porous structures on the glass surface is proposed. The hydrofluoric acid fog formed by air-jet atomization etches the glass surface to fabricate nanoporous structure (NPS) on glass surface. This NPS shows the enhanced average light transmittance of approximately 92.9% and the superhydrophilic property with a contact angle less than 1° which presents an excellent anti-fog property. Passivated by fluorosilane, the NPS shows nearly the superhydrophobic property with a contact angle of 141.2°. This fabrication method has shown promising application prospects due to its simplicity, low cost and efficiency, which can be easily applied to large-scale industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Likai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Youbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Jin
- Zhejiang JinkoSolar Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314416, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen Tang
- Bengbu Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Research, Bengbu 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Bengbu Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Research, Bengbu 233000, People's Republic of China
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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Qiao J, Zhao Y, Jin Q, Tan J, Kang S, Qiu J, Tai K. Tailoring Nanoporous Structures in Bi 2Te 3 Thin Films for Improved Thermoelectric Performance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:38075-38083. [PMID: 31545038 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film thermoelectrics (TEs) with unique advantages have triggered great interest in thermal management and energy harvesting technology for ambient temperature microscale systems. Although they have exhibited a good prospect, their unsatisfactory performances still seriously hamper their widespread application. Tailoring the porous structure has been demonstrated to be a facile strategy to significantly reduce thermal conductivity and enhance the figure of merit (ZT) of bulk TE materials; however, it is challenging for thin-film TEs. Here, the nanoporous Bi2Te3 thin films with faceted pore shapes and various porosities, pore sizes, and pore intervals are carefully designed and fabricated by evacuating the over-stoichiometry Te atoms. The dependence of the carrier mobility and lattice thermal conductivity on the pore characteristics is investigated. In the case of the pore interval longer than the electron mean free path, the porous structure greatly reduces the lattice thermal conductivity without affecting the electrical conductivity obviously. Phonon specular backscattering that is highly related to the pore characteristics is suggested to be mainly responsible for thermal conductivity reduction, resulting in ∼60% enhancement in ZT at room temperature, that is, from ∼0.42 for the dense film to ∼0.67 for the nanoporous film. The enhanced ZT value is comparable to that of commercial bulk TEs and can be further improved by optimizing the carrier concentrations. This work provides a general approach to fabricate high-performance chalcogenide TE thin-film materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Qiao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology of China , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Science and Technology of China , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Qun Jin
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Jun Tan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Siqing Kang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Jianhang Qiu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Kaiping Tai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , China
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Kim J, Kim J, Kim H, Ahn SH. Nanoporous Nickel Phosphide Cathode for a High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:30774-30785. [PMID: 31381294 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen production via a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) is an essential technology to complement discontinuity of renewable energies. Development of a high-efficiency and cost-effective gas diffusion electrode (GDE), which is a key component of this technology, remains a challenge. Here, we report a high-performance Ni phosphide GDE prepared by simple electrochemical methods. Selective leaching of excess Ni in electrodeposited NixP1-x enabled fabrication of a nanoporous NiP GDE with a large electrochemical surface area (ECSA). In half-cell tests, the nanoporous NiP GDE demonstrated a hydrogen-evolving current density of -10 mA/cm2 at an overpotential of 103 mV with good stability. In the single-cell tests, the PEMWE employing a nanoporous NiP cathode exhibited a current density of 1.47 A/cm2 at a cell voltage of 2.0 V, which was the competitive performance among state-of-the-art non-noble cathodes reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooyoung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu , Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu , Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu , Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu , Seoul 06974 , Republic of Korea
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An Y, Fei H, Zeng G, Ci L, Xiong S, Feng J, Qian Y. Green, Scalable, and Controllable Fabrication of Nanoporous Silicon from Commercial Alloy Precursors for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Nano 2018; 12:4993-5002. [PMID: 29683640 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is considered as one of the most favorable anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Nanoporous silicon is synthesized via a green, facile, and controllable vacuum distillation method from the commercial Mg2Si alloy. Nanoporous silicon is formed by the evaporation of low boiling point Mg. In this method, the magnesium metal from the Mg2Si alloy can be recycled. The pore sizes of nanoporous silicon can be secured by adjusting the distillated temperature and time. The optimized nanoporous silicon (800 °C, 0.5 h) delivers a discharge capacity of 2034 mA h g-1 at 200 mA g-1 for 100 cycles, a cycling stability with more than 1180 mA h g-1 even after 400 cycles at 1000 mA g-1, and a rate capability of 855 mA h g-1 at 5000 mA g-1. The electrochemical properties might be ascribed to its porous structure, which may accommodate large volume change during the cycling process. These results suggest that the green, scalable, and controllable approach may offer a pathway for the commercialization of high-performance Si anodes. This method may also be extended to construct other nanoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling An
- SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , China
| | - Huifang Fei
- SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , China
| | - Guifang Zeng
- SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , China
| | - Lijie Ci
- SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , China
| | - Shenglin Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
| | - Jinkui Feng
- SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250061 , China
| | - Yitai Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , China
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10
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Zhang Z, Feng J, Jiang Y, Liu P, Zhang Q, Wei R, Chen X, Feng J. Self-Sacrificial Salt Templating: Simple Auxiliary Control over the Nanoporous Structure of Porous Carbon Monoliths Prepared through the Solvothermal Route. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E255. [PMID: 29671818 DOI: 10.3390/nano8040255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The conventional sol-gel method for preparing porous carbons is tedious and high-cost to prepare porous carbons and the control over the nanoporous architecture by solvents and carbonization is restricted. A simple and novel self-sacrificial salt templating method was first presented to adjust the microporous structure of porous carbon monoliths synthesized via the solvothermal method. Apart from good monolithic appearance, the solvothermal route allowed for ambient drying because it made sure that the polymerization reaction was completed quickly and thoroughly. The intact and crack-free porous carbon monoliths were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen sorption measurements. It was proven that the self-sacrificial salts NH4SCN had been removed during pyrolyzing and so, porous carbon monoliths could be directly obtained after carbonization without the need of washing removal of salts. Most importantly, the microporous specific surface area of the resultant porous carbon monoliths was dramatically increased up to 770 m2/g and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area was up to 1131 m2/g. That was because the salts NH4SCN as self-sacrificial templating helped to form more around 0.6 nm, 0.72 nm and 1.1 nm micropores. The self-sacrificial salt templating is also a suitable and feasible method for controlling the nanoporous structure of other porous materials.
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Peng Y, Wu T, Sun L, Nsanzimana JMV, Fisher AC, Wang X. Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 to Ethylene on Nanopores-Modified Copper Electrodes in Aqueous Solution. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:32782-32789. [PMID: 28880067 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide was carried out on copper foil electrodes modified with nanopores on the surface. Such nanopores modified structure was obtained through an alloying-dealloying process. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the formation of alloy layer and the final nanoporous morphology of such copper electrodes. When used in electrolysis process, the as-prepared nanopores-modified electrodes can suppress the Faradaic efficiency toward methane to less than 1%, while keeping that of ethylene in a high level of 35% in aqueous 0.1 M KHCO3 solution under -1.3 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), thus revealing a remarkable selectivity toward ethylene production. The high yield of ethylene can be ascribed to the exposed specific crystalline orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Peng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Tian Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Institution Hubei University of Education , Wuhan 430205 People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Sun
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jean M V Nsanzimana
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Adrian C Fisher
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge , New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge , New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
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Weng N, Wang F, Qin F, Tang W, Dan Z. Enhanced Azo-Dyes Degradation Performance of Fe-Si-B-P Nanoporous Architecture. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:ma10091001. [PMID: 28846622 PMCID: PMC5615656 DOI: 10.3390/ma10091001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous structures were fabricated from Fe76Si₉B10P₅ amorphous alloy annealed at 773 K by dealloying in 0.05 M H₂SO₄ solution, as a result of preferential dissolution of α-Fe grains in form of the micro-coupling cells between α-Fe and cathodic residual phases. Nanoporous Fe-Si-B-P powders exhibit much better degradation performance to methyl orange and direct blue azo dyes compared with gas-atomized Fe76Si₉B10P₅ amorphous powders and commercial Fe powders. The degradation reaction rate constants of nanoporous powders are almost one order higher than those of the amorphous counterpart powders and Fe powders, accompanying with lower activation energies of 19.5 and 26.8 kJ mol-1 for the degradation reactions of methyl orange and direct blue azo dyes, respectively. The large surface area of the nanoporous structure, and the existence of metalloids as well as residual amorphous phase with high catalytic activity are responsible for the enhanced azo-dyes degradation performance of the nanoporous Fe-Si-B-P powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Fengxiang Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Wanying Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Zhenhua Dan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Miyaji T, Nitta N. Nanoporous Structure Formation on the Surface of InSb by Ion Beam Irradiation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2017; 7:nano7080204. [PMID: 28758955 PMCID: PMC5575686 DOI: 10.3390/nano7080204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous structures have a great potential for application in electronic and photonic materials, including field effect transistors, photonic crystals, and quantum dots. The control of size and shape is important for such applications. In this study, nanoporous structure formation on the indium antimonide (InSb) surface was investigated using controlled focused ion beam irradiation. Upon increasing the ion dose, the structures grew larger, and the shapes changed from voids to pillars. The structures also became larger when the ion flux (high-dose) and accelerating voltage were increased. The structure grew obliquely on the substrate by following the ion beam irradiation of 45°. The shapes of the structures formed by superimposed ion beam irradiation were affected by primary irradiation conditions. The nanostructural features on the InSb surface were easy to control by changing the ion beam conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyaji
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
| | - Noriko Nitta
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
- Center for Nanotechnology, Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
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Yanagida Y, Oishi T, Miyaji T, Watanabe C, Nitta N. Nanoporous Structure Formation in GaSb, InSb, and Ge by Ion Beam Irradiation under Controlled Point Defect Creation Conditions. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2017; 7:E180. [PMID: 28696351 DOI: 10.3390/nano7070180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ion beam irradiation-induced nanoporous structure formation was investigated on GaSb, InSb, and Ge surfaces via controlled point defect creation using a focused ion beam (FIB). This paper compares the nanoporous structure formation under the same extent of point defect creation while changing the accelerating voltage and ion dose. Although the same number of point defects were created in each case, different structures were formed on the different surfaces. The depth direction density of the point defects was an important factor in this trend. The number of point defects required for nanoporous structure formation was 4 × 1022 vacancies/m2 at a depth of 18 nm under the surface, based on a comparison of similar nanoporous structure features in GaSb. The nanoporous structure formation by ion beam irradiation on GaSb, InSb, and Ge surfaces was controlled by the number and areal distribution of the created point defects.
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Feng Y, Liu Q, Lin X, Liu JZ, Wang H. Hydrophilic nanowire modified polymer ultrafiltration membranes with high water flux. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:19161-7. [PMID: 25307145 DOI: 10.1021/am505157w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Germanate nanowires/nanorods with different lengths were synthesized and used as additives for the fabrication of polymer composite membranes for high-flux water filtration. We for the first time demonstrated that at a small nanowire/nanorod loading (e.g., <0.5 wt % on the basis of poly(ether sulfone)), the length of germinate nanowires was a key parameter in determining their migration and diffusion in the polymer solution, and thus affecting polymer precipitation in the membrane formation process. In particular, short Ca2Ge7O16 nanowires with an average length of 138.7 nm and an average diameter of 12.7 nm, and Zn2GeO4 nanorods with an average length of 400 nm and an average diameter of 18.7 nm quickly diffused out of the membrane, leading to a higher pore density on the active layer in comparison with the pristine membranes. The addition of short Ca2Ge7O16 nanowires resulted in greater pore sizes than the addition of Zn2GeO4 nanorods because the out-diffusion of the former was faster than that of the latter. In contrast, the addition of long Ca2Ge7O16 nanowires with lengths of several tens to hundreds of micrometers and an average of 27.3 nm was not effective in promoting the pore formation because of partial embedment of nanowires. Poly(ether sulfone) composite membranes prepared by adding a small amount of Zn2GeO4 nanorods exhibited dramatically enhanced water permeation without losing rejection property. For example, the poly(ether sulfone) (PES) composite membrane prepared with 0.3 wt % Zn2GeO4 nanorods exhibited the highest flux, 1294.5 LMH, which was 3.5 times of the pristine (PES) membrane (384.2 LMH). Our work provides a new strategy for developing high-performance ultrafiltration membranes for practical industrial filtration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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