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Arango D, Bittar A, Esmeral NP, Ocasión C, Muñoz-Camargo C, Cruz JC, Reyes LH, Bloch NI. Understanding the Potential of Genome Editing in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9241. [PMID: 34502143 PMCID: PMC8430539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR is a simple and cost-efficient gene-editing technique that has become increasingly popular over the last decades. Various CRISPR/Cas-based applications have been developed to introduce changes in the genome and alter gene expression in diverse systems and tissues. These novel gene-editing techniques are particularly promising for investigating and treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, for which we currently lack efficient disease-modifying treatment options. Gene therapy could thus provide treatment alternatives, revolutionizing our ability to treat this disease. Here, we review our current knowledge on the genetic basis of Parkinson's disease to highlight the main biological pathways that become disrupted in Parkinson's disease and their potential as gene therapy targets. Next, we perform a comprehensive review of novel delivery vehicles available for gene-editing applications, critical for their successful application in both innovative research and potential therapies. Finally, we review the latest developments in CRISPR-based applications and gene therapies to understand and treat Parkinson's disease. We carefully examine their advantages and shortcomings for diverse gene-editing applications in the brain, highlighting promising avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Arango
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Amaury Bittar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Natalia P. Esmeral
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Camila Ocasión
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (C.O.); (L.H.R.)
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Camargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Luis H. Reyes
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (C.O.); (L.H.R.)
| | - Natasha I. Bloch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.A.); (A.B.); (N.P.E.); (C.M.-C.); (J.C.C.)
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García-Torra V, Cano A, Espina M, Ettcheto M, Camins A, Barroso E, Vazquez-Carrera M, García ML, Sánchez-López E, Souto EB. State of the Art on Toxicological Mechanisms of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Strategies to Reduce Toxicological Risks. TOXICS 2021; 9:195. [PMID: 34437513 PMCID: PMC8402504 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9080195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for different types of pharmaceutical applications. However, their use has raised some concerns about their toxicity involving the increase of reactive oxygen species causing cellular apoptosis. Therefore, in this review we summarize the most relevant toxicity mechanisms of gold, silver, copper and copper oxide nanoparticles as well as production methods of metal nanoparticles. Parameters involved in their toxicity such as size, surface charge and concentration are also highlighted. Moreover, a critical revision of the literature about the strategies used to reduce the toxicity of this type of nanoparticles is carried out throughout the review. Additionally, surface modifications using different coating strategies, nanoparticles targeting and morphology modifications are deeply explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor García-Torra
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.G.-T.); (A.C.); (M.E.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Amanda Cano
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.G.-T.); (A.C.); (M.E.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (A.C.)
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.G.-T.); (A.C.); (M.E.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (A.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.V.-C.)
| | - Antoni Camins
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (A.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.V.-C.)
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.V.-C.)
- Networking Research Centre of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Vazquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.V.-C.)
- Networking Research Centre of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.G.-T.); (A.C.); (M.E.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (A.C.)
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.G.-T.); (A.C.); (M.E.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre of Neurodegenerative Disease (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.E.); (A.C.)
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Bhatia E, Kumari D, Sharma S, Ahamad N, Banerjee R. Nanoparticle platforms for dermal antiaging technologies: Insights in cellular and molecular mechanisms. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1746. [PMID: 34423571 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a continuous process defined by a progressive functional decline in physiological parameters. Skin, being one of the most vulnerable organs, shows early signs of aging which are predominantly affected by intrinsic factors like hormone, gender, mood, enzymes, and genetic predisposition, and extrinsic factors like exposure to radiation, air pollution, and heat. Visible morphological and anatomical changes associated with skin aging occur due to underlying physiological aberrations governed by numerous complex interactions at cellular and subcellular levels. Nanoparticles are perceived as a powerful tool in the cosmeceutical industry both for augmenting the efficacy of existing agents and as a novel standalone therapy. Both organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated in antiaging applications. The use of nanoparticles helps to enhance the activity of antiaging molecules by selectively targeting cellular and molecular pathways. On the other hand, the nanoparticle platforms also gained increasing popularity as the skin protectant against extrinsic factors such as UV radiation and pollutants. This review comprehensively discusses skin aging and its mechanism by highlighting the impact on cellular, subcellular, and epigenetic elements. Importantly, the review elaborates on the examples of organic and inorganic nanoparticle-based formulations developed for antiaging application and provides mechanistic insights on how they modulate the mechanisms of skin aging. The clinical progress of nanoparticle antiaging technologies and factors that impact clinical translation are also explored. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshant Bhatia
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Durga Kumari
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Nadim Ahamad
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Feasibility of Monitoring Tumor Response by Tracking Nanoparticle-Labelled T Cells Using X-ray Fluorescence Imaging-A Numerical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168736. [PMID: 34445443 PMCID: PMC8395984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been a breakthrough in cancer treatment, yet only a subgroup of patients responds to these novel drugs. Parameters such as cytotoxic T-cell infiltration into the tumor have been proposed for the early evaluation and prediction of therapeutic response, demanded for non-invasive, sensitive and longitudinal imaging. We have evaluated the feasibility of X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) to track immune cells and thus monitor the immune response. For that, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations using a mouse voxel model. Spherical targets, enriched with gold or palladium fluorescence agents, were positioned within the model and imaged using a monochromatic photon beam of 53 or 85 keV. Based on our simulation results, XFI may detect as few as 730 to 2400 T cells labelled with 195 pg gold each when imaging subcutaneous tumors in mice, with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. However, the detection threshold is influenced by the depth of the tumor as surrounding tissue increases scattering and absorption, especially when utilizing palladium imaging agents with low-energy characteristic fluorescence photons. Further evaluation and conduction of in vivo animal experiments will be required to validate and advance these promising results.
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Suitability of the In Vitro Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Test for Genotoxicity Assessment of TiO 2 Nanoparticles on SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168558. [PMID: 34445265 PMCID: PMC8395234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard toxicity tests might not be fully adequate for evaluating nanomaterials since their unique features are also responsible for unexpected interactions. The in vitro cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test is recommended for genotoxicity testing, but cytochalasin-B (Cyt-B) may interfere with nanoparticles (NP), leading to inaccurate results. Our objective was to determine whether Cyt-B could interfere with MN induction by TiO2 NP in human SH-SY5Y cells, as assessed by CBMN test. Cells were treated for 6 or 24 h, according to three treatment options: co-treatment with Cyt-B, post-treatment, and delayed co-treatment. Influence of Cyt-B on TiO2 NP cellular uptake and MN induction as evaluated by flow cytometry (FCMN) were also assessed. TiO2 NP were significantly internalized by cells, both in the absence and presence of Cyt-B, indicating that this chemical does not interfere with NP uptake. Dose-dependent increases in MN rates were observed in CBMN test after co-treatment. However, FCMN assay only showed a positive response when Cyt-B was added simultaneously with TiO2 NP, suggesting that Cyt-B might alter CBMN assay results. No differences were observed in the comparisons between the treatment options assessed, suggesting they are not adequate alternatives to avoid Cyt-B interference in the specific conditions tested.
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Development of MRI-Detectable Boron-Containing Gold Nanoparticle-Encapsulated Biodegradable Polymeric Matrix for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158050. [PMID: 34360814 PMCID: PMC8348419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detectable boron (B)-containing nanoassemblies and evaluate their potential for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Starting from the citrate-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (23.9 ± 10.2 nm), the diameter of poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) AuNPs (PLGA-AuNPs) increased approximately 110 nm after the encapsulation of the PLGA polymer. Among various B drugs, the self-produced B cages had the highest loading efficiency. The average diameter of gadolinium (Gd)- and B-loaded NPs (PLGA-Gd/B-AuNPs) was 160.6 ± 50.6 nm with a B encapsulation efficiency of 28.7 ± 2.3%. In vitro MR images showed that the signal intensity of PLGA-Gd/B-AuNPs in T1-weighted images was proportional to its Gd concentration, and there exists a significantly positive relationship between Gd and B concentrations (R2 = 0.74, p < 0.005). The hyperintensity of either 250 ± 50 mm3 (larger) or 100 ± 50 mm3 (smaller) N87 xenograft was clearly visualized at 1 h after intravenous injection of PLGA-Gd/B-AuNPs. However, PLGA-Gd/B-AuNPs stayed at the periphery of the larger xenograft while located near the center of the smaller one. The tumor-to-muscle ratios of B content, determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in smaller- and larger-sized tumors were 4.17 ± 1.42 and 1.99 ± 0.55, respectively. In summary, we successfully developed theranostic B- and Gd-containing AuNPs for BNCT in this study.
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Tremi I, Spyratou E, Souli M, Efstathopoulos EP, Makropoulou M, Georgakilas AG, Sihver L. Requirements for Designing an Effective Metallic Nanoparticle (NP)-Boosted Radiation Therapy (RT). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133185. [PMID: 34202342 PMCID: PMC8269428 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent advances in nanotechnology gave rise to trials with various types of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the radiosensitization of cancer cells while reducing or maintaining the normal tissue complication probability during radiation therapy. This work reviews the physical and chemical mechanisms leading to the enhancement of ionizing radiation’s detrimental effects on cells and tissues, as well as the plethora of experimental procedures to study these effects of the so-called “NPs’ radiosensitization”. The paper presents the need to a better understanding of all the phases of actions before applying metallic-based NPs in clinical practice to improve the effect of IR therapy. More physical and biological experiments especially in vivo must be performed and simulation Monte Carlo or mathematical codes based on more accurate models for all phases must be developed. Abstract Many different tumor-targeted strategies are under development worldwide to limit the side effects and improve the effectiveness of cancer therapies. One promising method is to enhance the radiosensitization of the cancer cells while reducing or maintaining the normal tissue complication probability during radiation therapy using metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Radiotherapy with MV photons is more commonly available and applied in cancer clinics than high LET particle radiotherapy, so the addition of high-Z NPs has the potential to further increase the efficacy of photon radiotherapy in terms of NP radiosensitization. Generally, when using X-rays, mainly the inner electron shells are ionized, which creates cascades of both low and high energy Auger electrons. When using high LET particles, mainly the outer shells are ionized, which give electrons with lower energies than when using X-rays. The amount of the produced low energy electrons is higher when exposing NPs to heavy charged particles than when exposing them to X-rays. Since ions traverse the material along tracks, and therefore give rise to a much more inhomogeneous dose distributions than X-rays, there might be a need to introduce a higher number of NPs when using ions compared to when using X-rays to create enough primary and secondary electrons to get the desired dose escalations. This raises the questions of toxicity. This paper provides a review of the fundamental processes controlling the outcome of metallic NP-boosted photon beam and ion beam radiation therapy and presents some experimental procedures to study the biological effects of NPs’ radiosensitization. The overview shows the need for more systematic studies of the behavior of NPs when exposed to different kinds of ionizing radiation before applying metallic-based NPs in clinical practice to improve the effect of IR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tremi
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.T.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Ellas Spyratou
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11517 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (E.P.E.)
| | - Maria Souli
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.T.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Efstathios P. Efstathopoulos
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11517 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (E.P.E.)
| | - Mersini Makropoulou
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.T.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexandros G. Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.T.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Lembit Sihver
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (A.G.G.); (L.S.)
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Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied as drug carriers in drug delivery, due to their unique physical and structural properties. To achieve the drug delivery purpose, receptor-mediated endocytosis is a primary explored mechanism to internalize NPs into tumor cells. During the endocytosis process, properties of NPs, including size, shape, and surface functionality, play an important role in determining the final drug delivery efficacy. Many of these NP properties have been extensively explored individually. However, the multiple NP properties naturally interplay with each other in the endocytosis process to determine the internalization efficiency together. Therefore, it is significantly important to understand the interplay of different NP properties to improve the NP’s final delivery efficacy. In this review, we focus on the interplay of NPs properties on the endocytosis process to summarize the relevant experimental observations and physical mechanisms. Particularly, three different aspects are discussed in detail, including the interplay between size and shape; size and elasticity; shape and elasticity. We have summarized the most recent works and highlighted that building up systematic understandings for the complex interplay between NP properties can greatly help a better design of NP platforms for drug delivery.
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Zhang Y, Dahal U, Feng ZV, Rosenzweig Z, Cui Q, Hamers RJ. Influence of Surface Ligand Molecular Structure on Phospholipid Membrane Disruption by Cationic Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7600-7610. [PMID: 34115507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cationic nanoparticles are known to interact with biological membranes and often cause serious membrane damage. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism for such interactions and the factors that impact the degree of membrane damage. Previously, we have demonstrated that spatial distribution of molecular charge at cationic nanoparticle surfaces plays an important role in determining the cellular uptake and membrane damage of these nanoparticles. In this work, using diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) functionalized with five different amine-based surface ligands and small phospholipid unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), we further investigate how chemical features and conformational flexibility of surface ligands impact nanoparticle/membrane interactions. 31P-NMR T2 relaxation measurements quantify the mobility changes in lipid dynamics upon exposing the SUVs to functional DNPs, and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations further elucidate molecular details for the different modes of DNP-SUV interactions depending on the surface ligands. Collectively, our results show that the length of the hydrophobic segment and conformational flexibility of surface ligands are two key factors that dictate the degree of membrane damage by the DNP, while the amount of surface charge alone is not predictive of the strength of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Udaya Dahal
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Z Vivian Feng
- Chemistry Department, Augsburg University, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, United States
| | - Zeev Rosenzweig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Robert J Hamers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Łaszewski HJ, Palpant B, Buckle M, Nogues C. Influence of the Sequestration Effect of CTAB on the Biofunctionalization of Gold Nanorods. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4753-4759. [PMID: 35007025 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) can be functionalized with multiple biomolecules allowing efficient cell targeting and delivery into specific cells. However, various issues have to be addressed prior to any clinical applications. They involve controlled biofunctionalization to be able to deliver a known dose of drug by immobilizing a known number of active molecules to GNRs while protecting their surface from degradation. The most widely used synthesis method of GNRs is seed-mediated growth. It requires the use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) that acts as a strong capping agent stabilizing the colloidal solution. The problem is that not only is CTAB cytotoxic to most cells but it also induces the sequestration of biomolecules in solution during the functionalization steps of GNRs. The presence of CTAB therefore makes it difficult to control the immobilization of biomolecules to GNRs while removing CTAB from the colloidal solution, leading to the aggregation of GNRs. The sequestration effect of ssDNA in solution by CTAB was studied in detail as a function of the CTAB concentration and the nature of the solution (water or buffer) using Forster resonance energy transfer as a detection tool. The conditions in which DNA sequestration did and did not occur could be clearly defined. Using gel electrophoresis, we could demonstrate how strongly the ssDNA sequestration effect in solution impacts the GNR surface biofunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryk J Łaszewski
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, CNRS (UMR 8113), IDA (FR 3242), ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Palpant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Malcolm Buckle
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, CNRS (UMR 8113), IDA (FR 3242), ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claude Nogues
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pharmacologie Appliquée, CNRS (UMR 8113), IDA (FR 3242), ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Chauhan D, Sri S, Kumar R, Panda AK, Solanki PR. Evaluation of size, shape, and charge effect on the biological interaction and cellular uptake of cerium oxide nanostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:355101. [PMID: 34020431 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac03d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) at the nanoscale has prolifically attracted the immense interest of researchers due to its switchable oxidation states (Ce3+/Ce4+) that play a crucial role in many biological activities. The present work reports the evaluation of size, shape, and charge effect on the biological interaction with RAW 264.7 cells for three nanostructures of CeO2(CeO2NS) namely nanocubes (NCs), nanorods (NRs), and nanoparticles (NPs). These NS exhibits similar composition and have average diameter values in the order of NCs < NRs ≅ NPs. The values of zeta potential revealed the anionic nature of NS with surface charge in order of NCs < NPs < NRs. The cellular interaction of CeO2NS was analyzed for cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and morphological studies. Quantitative determination of the uptake of CeO2NS exhibited concentration-dependent uptake in the order as NCs > NPs > NRs. The proposed possible mechanisms of cellular uptake revealed that different structures tended to use the various endocytosis pathways in different proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Chauhan
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Smriti Sri
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Robin Kumar
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Amulya K Panda
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Pratima R Solanki
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
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Bao J, Zhang Q, Duan T, Hu R, Tang J. The Fate of Nanoparticles In Vivo and the Strategy of Designing Stealth Nanoparticle for Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:922-946. [PMID: 33461465 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210118105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nano-drug delivery systems (Nano-DDS) offer powerful advantages in drug delivery and targeted therapy for diseases. Compared to the traditional drug formulations, Nano-DDS can increase solubility, biocompatibility, and reduce off-targeted side effects of free drugs. However, they still have some disadvantages that pose a limitation in reaching their full potential in clinical use. Protein adsorption in blood, activation of the complement system, and subsequent sequestration by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) consequently result in nanoparticles (NPs) to be rapidly cleared from circulation. Therefore, NPs have low drug delivery efficiency. So, it is important to develop stealth NPs for reducing bio-nano interaction. In this review, we first conclude the interaction between NPs and biological environments, such as blood proteins and MPS, and factors influencing each other. Next, we will summarize the new strategies to reduce NPs protein adsorption and uptake by the MPS based on current knowledge of the bio-nano interaction. Further directions will also be highlighted for the development of biomimetic stealth nano-delivery systems by combining targeted strategies for a better therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Bao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tijie Duan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui "115" Xin'an Medicine Research & Development Innovation Team, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Jihui Tang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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113
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Kamali Shahri SM, Sharifi S, Mahmoudi M. Interdependency of influential parameters in therapeutic nanomedicine. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1379-1394. [PMID: 33887999 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1921732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Current challenges to successful clinical translation of therapeutic nanomedicine have discouraged many stakeholders, including patients. Significant effort has been devoted to uncovering the reasons behind the less-than-expected success, beyond failures or ineffectiveness, of therapeutic nanomedicine products (e.g. cancer nanomedicine). Until we understand and address the factors that limit the safety and efficacy of NPs, both individually and in combination, successful clinical development will lag.Areas covered:This review highlights the critical roles of interdependent factors affecting the safety and therapeutic efficacy of therapeutic NPs for drug delivery applications.Expert opinion:Deep analysis of the current nanomedical literature reveals ahistory of unanticipated complexity by awide range of stakeholders including researchers. In the manufacture of nanomedicines themselves, there have been persistent difficulties with reproducibility and batch-to-batch variation. The unanticipated complexity and interdependency of nano-bio parameters has delayed our recognition of important factors affecting the safety and therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicine products. These missteps have had many factors including our lack of understanding of the interdependency of various factors affecting the biological identity and fate of NPs and biased interpretation of data. All these issues could raise significant concern regarding the reproducibility- or even the validity- of past publications that in turn formed the basis of many clinical trials of therapeutic nanomedicines. Therefore, the individual and combined effects of previously overlooked factors on the safety and therapeutic efficacy of NPs need to be fully considered in nanomedicine reports and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehdi Kamali Shahri
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shahriar Sharifi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Sousa de Almeida M, Susnik E, Drasler B, Taladriz-Blanco P, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Understanding nanoparticle endocytosis to improve targeting strategies in nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5397-5434. [PMID: 33666625 PMCID: PMC8111542 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast-moving field of nanomedicine takes advantage of features of NPs for the detection and treatment of different types of cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, arthritis as well as neurodegenerative and gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, a detailed understanding of the NP uptake mechanisms by cells and intracellular localization is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications. In the first part of this review, we describe the several endocytic pathways involved in the internalization of NPs and we discuss the impact of the physicochemical properties of NPs on this process. In addition, the potential challenges of using various inhibitors, endocytic markers and genetic approaches to study endocytosis are addressed along with the principal (semi) quantification methods of NP uptake. The second part focuses on synthetic and bio-inspired substances, which can stimulate or decrease the cellular uptake of NPs. This approach could be interesting in nanomedicine where a high accumulation of drugs in the target cells is desirable and clearance by immune cells is to be avoided. This review contributes to an improved understanding of NP endocytic pathways and reveals potential substances, which can be used in nanomedicine to improve NP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sousa de Almeida
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eva Susnik
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700 FribourgSwitzerland
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Fach M, Fliedner FP, Kempen PJ, Melander F, Hansen AE, Bruun LM, Köster U, Sporer E, Kjær A, Andresen TL, Jensen AI, Henriksen JR. Effective Intratumoral Retention of [ 103 Pd]AuPd Alloy Nanoparticles Embedded in Gel-Forming Liquids Paves the Way for New Nanobrachytherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002009. [PMID: 33763995 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Local application of radioactive sources as brachytherapy is well established in oncology. This treatment is highly invasive however, due to the insertion of millimeter sized metal seeds. The authors report the development of a new concept for brachytherapy, based on gold-palladium (AuPd) alloy nanoparticles, intrinsically radiolabeled with 103 Pd. These are formulated in a carbohydrate-ester based liquid, capable of forming biodegradable gel-like implants upon injection. This allows for less invasive administration through small-gauge needles. [103 Pd]AuPd nanoparticles with sizes around 20 nm are prepared with radiolabeling efficiencies ranging from 79% to >99%. Coating with the hydrophobic polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) leads to nanoparticle diameters below 40 nm. Dispersing the nanoparticles in ethanol with water insoluble carbohydrate esters gives "nanogels", a low viscosity liquid capable of solidifying upon injection into aqueous environments. Both nanoparticles and radioactivity are stably retained in the nanogel over 25 days (>99%) after formation in aqueous buffers. Animals bearing CT26 murine tumors are injected intratumorally with 25 MBq of the 103 Pd-nanogel, and display tumor growth delay and significantly increase median survival times compared with control groups. Excellent retention in the tumor of both the 103 Pd and the nanoparticle matrix itself is observed, demonstrating a potential for replacing currently used brachytherapy seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fach
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Frederikke P. Fliedner
- Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging Department of Biomedical Sciences Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 3B Copenhagen 2100 Denmark
| | - Paul J. Kempen
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Fredrik Melander
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Anders E. Hansen
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging Department of Biomedical Sciences Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 3B Copenhagen 2100 Denmark
| | - Linda M. Bruun
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Ulli Köster
- Institut Laue‐Langevin 71 Avenue des Martyrs Grenoble 38042 France
| | - Emanuel Sporer
- The Hevesy Laboratory DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark (DTU) Frederiksborgvej 399 Roskilde 4000 Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjær
- Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging Department of Biomedical Sciences Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen Blegdamsvej 3B Copenhagen 2100 Denmark
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Andreas I. Jensen
- The Hevesy Laboratory DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark (DTU) Frederiksborgvej 399 Roskilde 4000 Denmark
| | - Jonas R. Henriksen
- DTU Health Technology Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Technical University of Denmark Ørsteds Plads 345C Lyngby 2800 Denmark
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Spedalieri C, Szekeres GP, Werner S, Guttmann P, Kneipp J. Probing the Intracellular Bio-Nano Interface in Different Cell Lines with Gold Nanostars. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1183. [PMID: 33946192 PMCID: PMC8145934 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars are a versatile plasmonic nanomaterial with many applications in bioanalysis. Their interactions with animal cells of three different cell lines are studied here at the molecular and ultrastructural level at an early stage of endolysosomal processing. Using the gold nanostars themselves as substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, their protein corona and the molecules in the endolysosomal environment were characterized. Localization, morphology, and size of the nanostar aggregates in the endolysosomal compartment of the cells were probed by cryo soft-X-ray nanotomography. The processing of the nanostars by macrophages of cell line J774 differed greatly from that in the fibroblast cell line 3T3 and in the epithelial cell line HCT-116, and the structure and composition of the biomolecular corona was found to resemble that of spherical gold nanoparticles in the same cells. Data obtained with gold nanostars of varied morphology indicate that the biomolecular interactions at the surface in vivo are influenced by the spike length, with increased interaction with hydrophobic groups of proteins and lipids for longer spike lengths, and independent of the cell line. The results will support optimized nanostar synthesis and delivery for sensing, imaging, and theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Spedalieri
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (G.P.S.)
| | - Gergo Péter Szekeres
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (G.P.S.)
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Str. 5-9, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Werner
- Department X-ray Microscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (S.W.); (P.G.)
| | - Peter Guttmann
- Department X-ray Microscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (S.W.); (P.G.)
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (C.S.); (G.P.S.)
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Str. 5-9, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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117
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Katterman C, Pierce C, Larsen J. Combining Nanoparticle Shape Modulation and Polymersome Technology in Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2853-2862. [PMID: 35014381 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper highlights the potential benefits of using self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles of various shapes to enhance drug uptake. First, we highlight the growth and development of the polymersome, using a liposome as a blueprint for amphiphilic codelivery. Then, we focus on the advantages of nanoparticle elongation, drawing from the field of solid nanoparticles, as opposed to self-assembled vesicles which have not yet been extensively explored in shape-modulated drug delivery applications. Notably, regardless of the material used in the solid nanoparticle systems, more elongated shapes lead to greater cellular uptake, decreased interaction with the reticuloendothelial system macrophages, and increased circulation times. Finally, we highlight the methods currently being developed to modulate polymersome shape, thus providing a drug delivery system with the benefits derived from amphiphilicity and elongated structures. Current methods employed to modulate polymersome shape involve osmotic pressure gradients, solvent switching, and the use of cross-linking agents. Although these methods are successful in modulating polymersome shapes and the benefits of elongated nanoparticles in therapeutic targeting are clear, these methods have not yet been explored for applications in drug delivery.
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118
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Erlichman JS, Leiter JC. Complexity of the Nano-Bio Interface and the Tortuous Path of Metal Oxides in Biological Systems. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040547. [PMID: 33915992 PMCID: PMC8066112 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have received a great deal of attention as potential theranostic agents. Despite extensive work on a wide variety of metal oxide NPs, few chemically active metal oxide NPs have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance. The clinical translation of metal oxide NP activity, which often looks so promising in preclinical studies, has not progressed as rapidly as one might expect. The lack of FDA approval for metal oxide NPs appears to be a consequence of the complex transformation of NP chemistry as any given NP passes through multiple extra- and intracellular environments and interacts with a variety of proteins and transport processes that may degrade or transform the chemical properties of the metal oxide NP. Moreover, the translational models frequently used to study these materials do not represent the final therapeutic environment well, and studies in reduced preparations have, all too frequently, predicted fundamentally different physico-chemical properties from the biological activity observed in intact organisms. Understanding the evolving pharmacology of metal oxide NPs as they interact with biological systems is critical to establish translational test systems that effectively predict future theranostic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S. Erlichman
- Department of Biology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY 13617, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(315)-229-5639
| | - James C. Leiter
- White River Junction VA Medical Center, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA;
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119
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Tremi I, Havaki S, Georgitsopoulou S, Lagopati N, Georgakilas V, Gorgoulis VG, Georgakilas AG. A Guide for Using Transmission Electron Microscopy for Studying the Radiosensitizing Effects of Gold Nanoparticles In Vitro. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11040859. [PMID: 33801708 PMCID: PMC8065702 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of ionizing radiation (IR) with high-z metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as gold has developed a growing interest over the recent years. It is currently accepted that radiosensitization is not only attributed to physical effects but also to underlying chemical and biological mechanisms’ contributions. Low- and high-linear energy transfer (LET) IRs produce DNA damage of different structural types. The combination of IR with gold nanoparticles may increase the clustering of energy deposition events in the vicinity of the NPs due to the production mainly of photoelectrons and Auger electrons. Biological lesions of such origin for example on DNA are more difficult to be repaired compared to isolated lesions and can augment IR’s detrimental effects as shown by numerous studies. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) offers a unique opportunity to study the complexity of these effects on a very detailed cellular level, in terms of structure, including nanoparticle uptake and damage. Cellular uptake and nanoparticle distribution inside the cell are crucial in order to contribute to an optimal dose enhancement effect. TEM is mostly used to observe the cellular localization of nanoparticles. However, it can also provide valuable insights on the NPs’ radiosensitization pathways, by studying the biochemical mechanisms through immunogold-labelling of antigenic sites at ultrastructural level under high resolution and magnification. Here, our goal is to describe the possibilities, methodologies and proper use of TEM in the interest of studying NPs-based radiosensitization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tremi
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece;
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.H.); (N.L.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.H.); (N.L.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Sofia Georgitsopoulou
- Department of Material Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.H.); (N.L.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Vasilios Georgakilas
- Department of Material Science, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (S.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.H.); (N.L.); (V.G.G.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester MP13 9PL, UK
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros G. Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 15780 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence:
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120
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Bromma K, Alhussan A, Perez MM, Howard P, Beckham W, Chithrani DB. Three-Dimensional Tumor Spheroids as a Tool for Reliable Investigation of Combined Gold Nanoparticle and Docetaxel Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1465. [PMID: 33806801 PMCID: PMC8004664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the gold standard for treating patients with cancer in the clinic but, despite modern advances, are limited by normal tissue toxicity. The use of nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs), to improve radiosensitivity and act as drug delivery systems can mitigate toxicity while increasing deposited tumor dose. To expedite a quicker clinical translation, three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid models that can better approximate the tumor environment compared to a two-dimensional (2D) monolayer model have been used. We tested the uptake of 15 nm GNPs and 50 nm GNPs on a monolayer and on spheroids of two cancer cell lines, CAL-27 and HeLa, to evaluate the differences between a 2D and 3D model in similar conditions. The anticancer drug docetaxel (DTX) which can act as a radiosensitizer, was also utilized, informing future potential of GNP-mediated combined therapeutics. In the 2D monolayer model, the addition of DTX induced a small, non-significant increase of uptake of GNPs of between 13% and 24%, while in the 3D spheroid model, DTX increased uptake by between 47% and 186%, with CAL-27 having a much larger increase relative to HeLa. Further, the depth of penetration of 15 nm GNPs over 50 nm GNPs increased by 33% for CAL-27 spheroids and 17% for HeLa spheroids. These results highlight the necessity to optimize GNP treatment conditions in a more realistic tumor-life environment. A 3D spheroid model can capture important details, such as different packing densities from different cancer cell lines, which are absent from a simple 2D monolayer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Bromma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (K.B.); (A.A.); (W.B.)
| | - Abdulaziz Alhussan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (K.B.); (A.A.); (W.B.)
| | - Monica Mesa Perez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (M.M.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Perry Howard
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (M.M.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Wayne Beckham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (K.B.); (A.A.); (W.B.)
- British Columbia Cancer-Victoria, Victoria, BC V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Devika B. Chithrani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada; (K.B.); (A.A.); (W.B.)
- British Columbia Cancer-Victoria, Victoria, BC V8R 6V5, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
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121
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Wang X, Li J, Ha HD, Dahl JC, Ondry JC, Moreno-Hernandez I, Head-Gordon T, Alivisatos AP. AutoDetect-mNP: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithm for Automated Analysis of Transmission Electron Microscope Images of Metal Nanoparticles. JACS AU 2021; 1:316-327. [PMID: 33778811 PMCID: PMC7988451 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis quality of artificial inorganic nanocrystals is most often assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for which high-throughput advances have dramatically increased both the quantity and information richness of metal nanoparticle (mNP) characterization. Existing automated data analysis algorithms of TEM mNP images generally adopt a supervised approach, requiring a significant effort in human preparation of labeled data that reduces objectivity, efficiency, and generalizability. We have developed an unsupervised algorithm AutoDetect-mNP for automated analysis of TEM images that objectively extracts morphological information on convex mNPs from TEM images based on their shape attributes, requiring little to no human input in the process. The performance of AutoDetect-mNP is tested on two data sets of bright field TEM images of Au nanoparticles with different shapes and further extended to palladium nanocubes and cadmium selenide quantum dots, demonstrating that the algorithm is quantitatively reliable and can thus serve as a generalizable measure of the morphology distributions of any mNP synthesis. The AutoDetect-mNP algorithm will aid in future developments of high-throughput characterization of mNPs and the future advent of time-resolved TEM studies that can investigate reaction mechanisms of mNP synthesis and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Theory Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyun Dong Ha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jakob C. Dahl
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Justin C. Ondry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ivan Moreno-Hernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Theory Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Departments
of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A. Paul Alivisatos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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122
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Choo P, Liu T, Odom TW. Nanoparticle Shape Determines Dynamics of Targeting Nanoconstructs on Cell Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4550-4555. [PMID: 33735562 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle carriers are effective drug delivery vehicles. Along with other design parameters including size, composition, and surface charge, particle shape strongly influences cellular uptake. How nanoparticle geometry affects targeted delivery under physiologically relevant conditions, however, is inconclusive. Here, we demonstrate that nanoconstruct core shape influences the dynamics of targeting ligand-receptor interactions on cancer cell membranes. By single-particle tracking of translational and rotational motion, we compared DNA aptamer AS1411 conjugated gold nanostars (AS1411-AuNS) and 50 nm gold spheres (AS1411-50NPs) on cells with and without targeted nucleolin membrane receptors. On nucleolin-expressing cells, AS1411-AuNS exhibited faster velocities under directed diffusion and translated over larger areas during restricted diffusion compared to AS1411-50NPs, despite their similar protein corona profiles. On nucleolin-inhibited cells, AS1411-AuNS showed faster rotation dynamics over smaller translational areas, while AS1411-50NPs did not display significant changes in translation. These differences in translational and rotational motions indicate that nanoparticle shape affects how targeting nanoconstructs bind to cell-membrane receptors.
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123
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de la Fuente IF, Sawant SS, Tolentino MQ, Corrigan PM, Rouge JL. Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers. Front Chem 2021; 9:613209. [PMID: 33777893 PMCID: PMC7987652 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.613209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids hold immense potential in combating undruggable, gene-based diseases owing to their high programmability and relative ease of synthesis. While the delivery of this class of therapeutics has successfully entered the clinical setting, extrahepatic targeting, endosomal escape efficiency, and subcellular localization. On the other hand, viruses serve as natural carriers of nucleic acids and have acquired a plethora of structures and mechanisms that confer remarkable transfection efficiency. Thus, understanding the structure and mechanism of viruses can guide the design of synthetic nucleic acid vectors. This review revisits relevant structural and mechanistic features of viruses as design considerations for efficient nucleic acid delivery systems. This article explores how viral ligand display and a metastable structure are central to the molecular mechanisms of attachment, entry, and viral genome release. For comparison, accounted for are details on the design and intracellular fate of existing nucleic acid carriers and nanostructures that share similar and essential features to viruses. The review, thus, highlights unifying themes of viruses and nucleic acid delivery systems such as genome protection, target specificity, and controlled release. Sophisticated viral mechanisms that are yet to be exploited in oligonucleotide delivery are also identified as they could further the development of next-generation nonviral nucleic acid vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jessica L. Rouge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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124
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Systematic Studies of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalised with Thioglucose and its Cytotoxic Effect. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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125
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das Neves J, Sverdlov Arzi R, Sosnik A. Molecular and cellular cues governing nanomaterial-mucosae interactions: from nanomedicine to nanotoxicology. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:5058-5100. [PMID: 32538405 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues constitute the largest interface between the body and the surrounding environment and they regulate the access of molecules, supramolecular structures, particulate matter, and pathogens into it. All mucosae are characterized by an outer mucus layer that protects the underlying cells from physicochemical, biological and mechanical insults, a mono-layered or stratified epithelium that forms tight junctions and controls the selective transport of solutes across it and associated lymphoid tissues that play a sentinel role. Mucus is a gel-like material comprised mainly of the glycoprotein mucin and water and it displays both hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, a net negative charge, and high porosity and pore interconnectivity, providing an efficient barrier for the absorption of therapeutic agents. To prolong the residence time, absorption and bioavailability of a broad spectrum of active compounds upon mucosal administration, mucus-penetrating and mucoadhesive particles have been designed by tuning the chemical composition, the size, the density, and the surface properties. The benefits of utilizing nanomaterials that interact intimately with mucosae by different mechanisms in the nanomedicine field have been extensively reported. To ensure the safety of these nanosystems, their compatibility is evaluated in vitro and in vivo in preclinical and clinical trials. Conversely, there is a growing concern about the toxicity of nanomaterials dispersed in air and water effluents that unintentionally come into contact with the airways and the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, deep understanding of the key nanomaterial properties that govern the interplay with mucus and tissues is crucial for the rational design of more efficient drug delivery nanosystems (nanomedicine) and to anticipate the fate and side-effects of nanoparticulate matter upon acute or chronic exposure (nanotoxicology). This review initially overviews the complex structural features of mucosal tissues, including the structure of mucus, the epithelial barrier, the mucosal-associated lymphatic tissues and microbiota. Then, the most relevant investigations attempting to identify and validate the key particle features that govern nanomaterial-mucosa interactions and that are relevant in both nanomedicine and nanotoxicology are discussed in a holistic manner. Finally, the most popular experimental techniques and the incipient use of mathematical and computational models to characterize these interactions are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- José das Neves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde & INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Roni Sverdlov Arzi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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126
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Pavitra E, Dariya B, Srivani G, Kang SM, Alam A, Sudhir PR, Kamal MA, Raju GSR, Han YK, Lakkakula BVKS, Nagaraju GP, Huh YS. Engineered nanoparticles for imaging and drug delivery in colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 69:293-306. [PMID: 31260733 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide due to a lack of early detection methods and appropriate drug delivery strategies. Conventional imaging techniques cannot accurately distinguish benign from malignant tissue, leading to frequent misdiagnosis or diagnosis at late stages of the disease. Novel screening tools with improved accuracy and diagnostic precision are thus required to reduce the mortality burden of this malignancy. Additionally, current therapeutic strategies, including radio- and chemotherapies carry adverse side effects and are limited by the development of drug resistance. Recent advances in nanotechnology have rendered it an attractive approach for designing novel clinical solutions for CRC. Nanoparticle-based formulations could assist early tumor detection and help to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies including poor aqueous solubility, nonspecific biodistribution and limited bioavailability. In this review, we shed light on various types of nanoparticles used for diagnosis and drug delivery in CRC. In addition, we will explore how these nanoparticles can improve diagnostic accuracy and promote selective drug targeting to tumor sites with increased efficiency and reduced cytotoxicity against healthy colon tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eluri Pavitra
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC) Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Begum Dariya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Gowru Srivani
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sung-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC) Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Afroz Alam
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Putty-Reddy Sudhir
- The Center for Translational Biomedical Research, UNCG, Kannapolis, NC-28081, USA
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC) Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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127
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Understanding the interactions of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinyl chloride) nanoparticles with BHK-21 cell line. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2089. [PMID: 33483569 PMCID: PMC7822812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic and nanoplastic particles are prevalent in the environment and are beginning to enter the living system through multiple channels. Currently, little is known about the impact of plastic nanoparticles in living organisms. In order to investigate the health impact of micro- and nanoparticles of common polymers in a systematic way, luminescent plastic nanoparticles from two common polymers, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with relatively narrow size distribution are prepared using a nanoprecipitation method. As a model system, BHK-21 cells were exposed to polymer nanoparticles to understand the mode of uptake, internalization and biochemical changes inside the cells. The cellular effects of the nanoparticles were evaluated by monitoring the changes in cell viability, cell morphology, concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), adenine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate dehydrogenase at different concentrations of the nanoparticles and time of exposure. PVC and PMMA nanoparticles induced a reduction in the cell viability along with a reduction of ATP and increase of ROS concentrations in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The plastic nanoparticles are internalized into the cell via endocytosis, as confirmed by Dynasore inhibition assay and colocalization with latex beads. Our findings suggest that plastic nanoparticle internalization could perturb cellular physiology and affect cell survival under laboratory conditions.
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128
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Spedalieri C, Szekeres GP, Werner S, Guttmann P, Kneipp J. Intracellular optical probing with gold nanostars. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:968-979. [PMID: 33367430 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars are important nanoscopic tools in biophotonics and theranostics. To understand the fate of such nanostructures in the endolysosomal system of living cells as an important processing route in biotechnological approaches, un-labelled, non-targeted gold nanostars synthesized using HEPES buffer were studied in two cell lines. The uptake of the gold nanostructures leads to cell line-dependent intra-endolysosomal agglomeration, which results in a greater enhancement of the local optical fields than those around individual nanostars and near aggregates of spherical gold nanoparticles of the same size. As demonstrated by non-resonant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra in the presence and absence of aggregation, the spectroscopic signals of molecules are of very similar strength over a wide range of concentrations, which is ideal for label-free vibrational characterization of cells and other complex environments. In 3T3 and HCT-116 cells, SERS data were analyzed together with the properties of the intracellular nanostar agglomerates. Vibrational spectra indicate that the processing of nanostars by cells and their interaction with the surrounding endolysosomal compartment is connected to their morphological properties through differences in the structure and interactions in their intracellular protein corona. Specifically, different intracellular processing was found to result from a different extent of hydrophobic interactions at the pristine gold surface, which varies for nanostars of different spike lengths. The sensitive optical monitoring of surroundings of nanostars and their intracellular processing makes them a very useful tool for optical bionanosensing and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Spedalieri
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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129
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Transport of environmental natural organic matter coated silver nanoparticle across cell membrane based on membrane etching treatment and inhibitors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:507. [PMID: 33436771 PMCID: PMC7803783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental natural organic matters (NOMs) have great effects on the physicochemical properties of engineering nanoparticles, which may impact the transport of nanoparticles across plasma membrane and the cytotoxicity. Therefore, the kinetics, uptake pathway and mass of transporting into A549 cell membrane of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated with citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA) and fulvic acid (FA) were investigated, respectively. CA, FA and TA enhanced the colloidal stability of AgNPs in culture medium and have greatly changed the surface plasmon resonance spectrum of AgNPs due to the absorption of CA, FA and TA on surface of AgNPs. Internalizing model showed that velocity of CA-, TA- and FA-nAg transporting into A549 cell were 5.82-, 1.69- and 0.29-fold higher than those of the control group, respectively. Intracellular mass of Ag was dependent on mass of AgNPs delivered to cell from suspension, which obeyed Logistic model and was affected by NOMs that CA- and TA-nAg showed a large promotion on intracellular mass of Ag. The lipid raft/caveolae-mediated endocytosis (LME) of A549 cell uptake of AgNPs were susceptible to CA, TA and FA that uptake of CA-, TA- and FA-nAg showed lower degree of dependent on LME than that of the control (uncoated AgNPs). Actin-involved uptake pathway and macropinocytosis would have less contribution to uptake of FA-nAg. Overall, transmembrane transport of NOMs-coated AgNPs differs greatly from that of the pristine AgNPs.
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130
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Mohapatra A, Uthaman S, Park IK. External and Internal Stimuli-Responsive Metallic Nanotherapeutics for Enhanced Anticancer Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:597634. [PMID: 33505987 PMCID: PMC7831291 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.597634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic, diagnostic, and imaging approaches based on nanotechnology offer distinct advantages in cancer treatment. Various nanotherapeutics have been presented as potential alternatives to traditional anticancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical intervention. Notably, the advantage of nanotherapeutics is mainly attributable to their accumulation and targeting ability toward cancer cells, multiple drug-carrying abilities, combined therapies, and imaging approaches. To date, numerous nanoparticle formulations have been developed for anticancer therapy and among them, metallic nanotherapeutics reportedly demonstrate promising cancer therapeutic and diagnostic efficiencies owing to their dense surface functionalization ability, uniform size distribution, and shape-dependent optical responses, easy and cost-effective synthesis procedure, and multiple anti-cancer effects. Metallic nanotherapeutics can remodel the tumor microenvironment by changing unfavorable therapeutic conditions into therapeutically accessible ones with the help of different stimuli, including light, heat, ultrasound, an alternative magnetic field, redox, and reactive oxygen species. The combination of metallic nanotherapeutics with both external and internal stimuli can be used to trigger the on-demand release of therapeutic molecules, augmenting the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer therapies such as photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, magnetic hyperthermia, sonodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy. In this review, we have summarized the role of different metallic nanotherapeutics in anti-cancer therapy, as well as their combinational effects with multiple stimuli for enhanced anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
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131
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Vo-Dinh T. The New Frontier in Medicine at the Convergence of Nanotechnology and Immunotherapy. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78338-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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132
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Development of Nanoparticles as a Vaccine Platform. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78338-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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133
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Xiao Y, Xu W, Komohara Y, Fujiwara Y, Hirose H, Futaki S, Niidome T. Effect of Surface Modifications on Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanorods in Human Primary Cells and Established Cell Lines. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32744-32752. [PMID: 33376912 PMCID: PMC7758961 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are engulfed by the cellular membrane and budded off inside the cells to form vesicles. It plays key roles in controlling nutritional component uptake, immune responses, and other biological functions. A comprehensive understanding of endocytosis gives insights into such physiological functions and informs the design of medical nanodevices that need to enter cells. So far, endocytosis has been studied mostly using established cell lines. However, the established cell lines generally originate from cancer cells or are transformed from normal cells into immortalized cells. Therefore, primary cells may give us more reliable information about the endocytosis process of nanoparticles into cells. In this research, we studied the uptake of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with four different surface modifications (anionic/cationic polymers and anionic/cationic silica) by two kinds of primary cells (human monocyte-derived macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells) and two kinds of established cell lines (HeLa cells and RAW 264.7 cells). We found that the surface properties of AuNRs affected their cellular uptake, and the cationic surface tended was advantageous for uptake, but it depended on the cell types. Control experiments using inhibitors of representative endocytosis pathways (macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis) indicated that primary cells had a dominant uptake pathway for internalization of the AuNRs, whereas the established cell lines had multiple pathways. Our results provide us with novel insights into cellular uptake of AuNRs in that they depend not only on surface characters of the nanoparticles but also cell types, such as primary cells and established cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Xiao
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Wei Xu
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department
of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department
of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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134
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Real-time synthesis and detection of plasmonic metal (Au, Ag) nanoparticles under monochromatic X-ray nano-tomography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20877. [PMID: 33257746 PMCID: PMC7704674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures are of immense interest of research due to its widespread applications in microelectronics, photonics, and biotechnology, because of its size and shape-dependent localized surface plasmon resonance response. The great efforts have been constructed by physicists, chemists, and material scientists to deliver optimized reaction protocol to tailor the size and shape of nanostructures. Real-time characterization emerges out as a versatile tool in perspective to the optimization of synthesis parameters. Moreover, in the past decades, radiation-induced reduction of metallic-salt to nanoparticles dominates over the conventional direct chemical reduction process which overcomes the production of secondary products and yields ultra-high quality and pure nanostructures. Here we show, the real-time/in-situ synthesis and detection of plasmonic (Au andAg) nanoparticles using single synchrotron monochromatic 6.7 keV X-rays based Nano-Tomography beamline. The real-time X-ray nano-tomography of plasmonic nanostructures has been first-time successfully achieved at such a low-energy that would be leading to the possibility of these experiments at laboratory-based sources. In-situ optical imaging confirms the radiolysis of water molecule resulting in the production of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$O_2^-$$\end{document}O2- under X-ray irradiation. The obtained particle-size and size-distribution by X-ray tomography are in good agreement to TEM results. The effect of different chemical environment media on the particle-size has also been studied. This work provides the protocol to precisely control the size of nanostructures and to synthesize the ultrahigh-purity grade monodisperse nanoparticles that would definitely enhance the phase-contrast in cancer bio-imaging and plasmonic photovoltaic application.
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135
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Chakraborty R, Leshem-Lev D, Kornowski R, Fixler D. The Scattering of Gold Nanorods Combined with Differential Uptake, Paving a New Detection Method for Macrophage Subtypes Using Flow Cytometery. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8360-8368. [PMID: 33063518 PMCID: PMC7662919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The strategy of identification for M1 and M2 macrophages both in vivo and in vitro would help to predict the health condition of the individual. Here, we introduced a solution to this problem with the advantage of both the phagocytic nature of macrophages and the scattering effect of gold nanorods (GNRs). The internalized GNRs, relating to their extent of intake, caused a conspicuous scattering profile at the red channel in flow cytometry, overruling the contribution of the cellular side scatters. This internalization is solely governed by the surface chemistry of GNRs. The PAH-GNRs showed maximum intake potency followed by Cit-, PSS-, and PEG-GNRs. On a substantial note, PAH-GNRs lead to differential uptake between M1 and M2 cells, with three times higher intake in M2 cells over M1. This is the first report of employing the scattering of unlabeled GNRs to discriminate M1 and M2 cell types using a flow cytometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Chakraborty
- Faculty
of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Dorit Leshem-Lev
- Cardiovascular
Biology Laboratories at the Felsenstein Medical Research Center and
the Cardiology Department, Rabin Medical
Center, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Ran Kornowski
- Cardiovascular
Biology Laboratories at the Felsenstein Medical Research Center and
the Cardiology Department, Rabin Medical
Center, Petah-Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Dror Fixler
- Faculty
of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
- . Tel: 972-3-531-7598
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136
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Mastronardi V, Udayan G, Cibecchini G, Brescia R, Fichthorn KA, Pompa PP, Moglianetti M. Synthesis of Citrate-Coated Penta-twinned Palladium Nanorods and Ultrathin Nanowires with a Tunable Aspect Ratio. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49935-49944. [PMID: 33090789 PMCID: PMC7735672 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Green and scalable methodologies for the preparation of metal nanoparticles with fine control of shape and size are of high interest in many areas including catalysis, nanomedicine, and nanodiagnostics. In this contribution, we describe a new synthetic method for the production of palladium (Pd) penta-twinned nanowires and nanorods utilizing sodium citrate, formic acid, ascorbic acid, and potassium bromide (KBr) in water, without the use of surfactants or polymers. The synthesis is green, fast, and without the need of complex setups. Interestingly, a microwave-assisted scale-up process has been developed. The combination of a synthetic protocol for seeds and the seed-mediated growth process allows us to synthesize nanorods and nanowires by modulating the concentration of KBr. The synthesized nanomaterials have been physicochemically characterized. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the nanorods and nanowires have a penta-twinned structure enclosed by {100} lateral facets. Moreover, the absence of sticky molecules or toxic byproducts guarantees the biocompatibility of the nanomaterials, while leaving the surface clean to perform enzymatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mastronardi
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Gayatri Udayan
- Department
of Engineering for Innovation, University
of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Center for Bio-Molecular
Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Giulia Cibecchini
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Rosaria Brescia
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, Via Morego
30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Kristen A. Fichthorn
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Mauro Moglianetti
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Center for Bio-Molecular
Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
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137
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Arévalo-Soliz LM, Hardee CL, Fogg JM, Corman NR, Noorbakhsh C, Zechiedrich L. Improving therapeutic potential of non-viral minimized DNA vectors. CELL & GENE THERAPY INSIGHTS 2020; 6:1489-1505. [PMID: 33953961 PMCID: PMC8095377 DOI: 10.18609/cgti.2020.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tragic deaths of three patients in a recent AAV-based X-linked myotubular myopathy clinical trial highlight once again the pressing need for safe and reliable gene delivery vectors. Non-viral minimized DNA vectors offer one possible way to meet this need. Recent pre-clinical results with minimized DNA vectors have yielded promising outcomes in cancer therapy, stem cell therapy, stem cell reprograming, and other uses. Broad clinical use of these vectors, however, remains to be realized. Further advances in vector design and production are ongoing. An intriguing and promising potential development results from manipulation of the specific shape of non-viral minimized DNA vectors. By improving cellular uptake and biodistribution specificity, this approach could impact gene therapy, DNA nanotechnology, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirio M Arévalo-Soliz
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cinnamon L Hardee
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan M Fogg
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nathan R Corman
- Rural Medical Education Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Cameron Noorbakhsh
- Weiss School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lynn Zechiedrich
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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138
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Gagliardi FM, Franich RD, Geso M. Nanoparticle dose enhancement of synchrotron radiation in PRESAGE dosimeters. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:1590-1600. [PMID: 33147183 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520012849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physical absorbed dose enhancement by the inclusion of gold and bismuth nanoparticles fabricated into water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters was investigated. Nanoparticle-loaded water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters were irradiated with superficial, synchrotron and megavoltage X-ray beams. The change in optical density of the dosimeters was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry pre- and post-irradiation using a wavelength of 630 nm. Dose enhancement was measured for 5 nm and 50 nm monodispersed gold nanoparticles, 5-50 nm polydispersed bismuth nanoparticles, and 80 nm monodispersed bismuth nanoparticles at concentrations from 0.25 mM to 2 mM. The dose enhancement was highest for the 95.3 keV mean energy synchrotron beam (16-32%) followed by the 150 kVp superficial beam (12-21%) then the 6 MV beam (2-5%). The bismuth nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters produced a larger dose enhancement than the gold nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters in the synchrotron beam for the same concentration. For the superficial and megavoltage beams the dose enhancement was similar for both species of nanoparticles. The dose enhancement increased with nanoparticle concentration in the dosimeters; however, there was no observed nanoparticle size dependence on the dose enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Gagliardi
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, The Alfred, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Rick D Franich
- School of Science, RMIT University, La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Moshi Geso
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Plenty Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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139
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Al-Ani LA, Kadir FA, Hashim NM, Julkapli NM, Seyfoddin A, Lu J, AlSaadi MA, Yehye WA. The impact of curcumin-graphene based nanoformulation on cellular interaction and redox-activated apoptosis: An in vitro colon cancer study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05360. [PMID: 33163675 PMCID: PMC7609448 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural plants derivatives have gained enormous merits in cancer therapy applications upon formulation with nanomaterials. Curcumin, as a popular research focus has acquired such improvements surpassing its disadvantageous low bioavailability. To this point, the available research data had confirmed the importance of nanomaterial type in orienting cellular response and provoking different toxicological and death mechanisms that may range from physical membrane damage to intracellular changes. This in turn underlines the poorly studied field of nanoformulation interaction with cells as the key determinant in toxicology outcomes. In this work, curcumin-AuNPs-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (CAG) was implemented as a model, to study the impact on cellular membrane integrity and the possible redox changes using colon cancer in vitro cell lines (HT-29 and SW-948), representing drug-responsive and resistant subtypes. Morphological and biochemical methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), apoptosis assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants glutathione and superoxide dismutase (GSH and SOD) levels were examined with consideration to suitable protocols and vital optimizations. TEM micrographs proved endocytic uptake with succeeding cytoplasm deposition, which unlike other nanomaterials studied previously, conserved membrane integrity allowing intracellular cytotoxic mechanism. Apoptosis was confirmed with gold-standard morphological features observed in micrographs, while redox parameters revealed a time-dependent increase in ROS accompanied with regressive GSH and SOD levels. Collectively, this work demonstrates the success of graphene as a platform for curcumin intracellular delivery and cytotoxicity, and further highlights the importance of suitable in vitro methods to be used for nanomaterial validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina A. Al-Ani
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farkaad A. Kadir
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Najihah M. Hashim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemicals, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurhidayatullaili M. Julkapli
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Seyfoddin
- Drug Delivery Research Group, Auckland University of Technology, School of Science, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology. Auckland, New Zealand
- College of Perfume and Aroma, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohammed A. AlSaadi
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- National Chair of Materials Sciences and Metallurgy, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Wageeh A. Yehye
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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140
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Sabourian P, Yazdani G, Ashraf SS, Frounchi M, Mashayekhan S, Kiani S, Kakkar A. Effect of Physico-Chemical Properties of Nanoparticles on Their Intracellular Uptake. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218019. [PMID: 33126533 PMCID: PMC7662525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular internalization of inorganic, lipidic and polymeric nanoparticles is of great significance in the quest to develop effective formulations for the treatment of high morbidity rate diseases. Understanding nanoparticle–cell interactions plays a key role in therapeutic interventions, and it continues to be a topic of great interest to both chemists and biologists. The mechanistic evaluation of cellular uptake is quite complex and is continuously being aided by the design of nanocarriers with desired physico-chemical properties. The progress in biomedicine, including enhancing the rate of uptake by the cells, is being made through the development of structure–property relationships in nanoparticles. We summarize here investigations related to transport pathways through active and passive mechanisms, and the role played by physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles, including size, geometry or shape, core-corona structure, surface chemistry, ligand binding and mechanical effects, in influencing intracellular delivery. It is becoming clear that designing nanoparticles with specific surface composition, and engineered physical and mechanical characteristics, can facilitate their internalization more efficiently into the targeted cells, as well as enhance the rate of cellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Sabourian
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11155-9465, Iran; (P.S.); (G.Y.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.)
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ghazaleh Yazdani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11155-9465, Iran; (P.S.); (G.Y.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Seyed Sajad Ashraf
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11155-9465, Iran; (P.S.); (G.Y.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Masoud Frounchi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11155-9465, Iran; (P.S.); (G.Y.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (A.K.)
| | - Shohreh Mashayekhan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran 11155-9465, Iran; (P.S.); (G.Y.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran;
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montréal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (A.K.)
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141
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Estalayo-Adrián S, McManus GJ, Dalton HL, Savyasachi AJ, Kelly JM, Gunnlaugsson T. Functionalisation of gold nanoparticles with ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes for their application in cellular imaging. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14158-14168. [PMID: 33021298 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02754e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new dinuclear Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes containing an alkyl disulphide functionalised bipyridine-based ligand and either 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) as ancillary ligands have been synthesised and characterised. Their attachment onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, average diameter of ca. 2.5 nm) resulted in the formation of two new water-soluble Ru(ii)-AuNP conjugates that combine the advantageous properties of both moieties. Both free complexes show the attractive photophysical properties of Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes and a rapid cellular uptake in HeLa cervical cancer cells. However, their corresponding gold conjugates displayed lower quantum yields than those determined for the free complexes presumed to be due to an energy transfer quenching of the Ru(ii) luminescence by interaction with the gold surface. Despite their diminished luminescence, confocal fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that the Ru(ii)-AuNP conjugates are successfully internalised into HeLa cells and better tolerated than their free complex counterparts after 24 h incubation, which makes them potential luminescent nanomaterials for bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Estalayo-Adrián
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gavin J McManus
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hannah L Dalton
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Aramballi J Savyasachi
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - John M Kelly
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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142
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Valente KP, Suleman A, Brolo AG. Exploring Diffusion and Cellular Uptake: Charged Gold Nanoparticles in an in Vitro Breast Cancer Model. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6992-7002. [PMID: 35019358 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have emerged as a prominent tool in nanomedicine, particularly for applications in cancer diagnostic and treatment. One of the challenges for the successful implementation of gold nanoparticles in cancer therapy is their delivery to the specific cancer area within the tumor microenvironment. The presence of cancer enables a poorly organized vascularization system, increasing the pressure with the microenvironment, limiting the uptake of particles. The physicochemical properties of the gold nanoparticles (size, shape, and surface charge) also have a significant effect on diffusion to the tumor site and cellular uptake. In this work, we analyzed the transport of 10 nm gold nanoparticles with different surface charges (neutral, negative, and positive) through a hydrogel composite. Three-dimensional in vitro models composed of breast cancer cells loaded in the hydrogel composite were used for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of cellular uptake of the gold nanoparticles. Surprisingly, an inverse correlation between the diffusion coefficients of the nanoparticles and cellular uptake was demonstrated. Positively charged gold nanoparticles displayed high cellular uptake, although their diffusion coefficient indicated slow transport through the hydrogel matrix. Neutral particles, on the other hand, displayed fast diffusion but the lowest cellular uptake. The results obtained indicate that nanoparticle diffusion and cellular uptake should be studied together in realistic in vitro models for a true evaluation of transport in tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina P Valente
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Afzal Suleman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Alexandre G Brolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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143
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Ding Z, Sigdel K, Yang L, Liu Y, Xuan M, Wang X, Gu Z, Wu J, Xie H. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for enhanced diagnosis and therapy of oral cancer. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8781-8793. [PMID: 33026383 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common malignant life-threatening tumor. Despite some advances in traditional therapy, mortality and mobidity rates are high due to delayed diagnosis and ineffective treatment. Additionally, some patients inevitably suffer from various fatal adverse effects during the course of therapy. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel methods to eradicate oral cancer cells with minimal adverse effects on normal cells. Nanotechnology is a promising and novel vehicle for the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer with encouraging recent achievements. In this review, we present state-of-the-art nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems employed in the domain of oral cancer, especially for its enhanced diagnosis and therapy. We describe in detail the types of nanotechnology used in the management of oral cancer and summarize administration routes of nanodrugs. Finally, the potential and prospects of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems as promising modalities of diagnosis and therapy of oral cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
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144
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Perevedentseva E, Ali N, Lin YC, Karmenyan A, Chang CC, Bibikova O, Skovorodkin I, Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen R, Vainio SJ, Kinnunen M, Cheng CL. Au nanostar nanoparticle as a bio-imaging agent and its detection and visualization in biosystems. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5872-5885. [PMID: 33149993 PMCID: PMC7587281 DOI: 10.1364/boe.401462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we report the imaging of Au nanostars nanoparticles (AuNSt) and their multifunctional applications in biomedical research and theranostics applications. Their optical and spectroscopic properties are considered for the multimodal imaging purpose. The AuNSt are prepared by the seed-meditated method and characterized for use as an agent for bio-imaging. To demonstrate imaging with AuNSt, penetration and localization in different biological models such as cancer cell culture (A549 lung carcinoma cell), 3D tissue model (multicellular tumor spheroid on the base of human oral squamous carcinoma cell, SAS) and murine skin tissue are studied. AuNSt were visualized using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) at two-photon excitation with a pulse duration 140 fs, repetition rate 80 MHz and 780 nm wavelength femtosecond laser. Strong emission of AuNSt at two-photon excitation in the near infrared range and fluorescence lifetime less than 0.5 ns were observed. It allows using AuNSt as a fluorescent marker at two-photon fluorescence microscopy and lifetime imaging (FLIM). It was shown that AuNSt can be observed inside a thick sample (tissue and its model). This is the first demonstration using AuNSt as an imaging agent for FLIM at two-photon excitation in biosystems. Increased scattering of near-infrared light upon excitation of AuNSt surface plasmon oscillation was also observed and rendered using a possible contrast agent for optical coherence tomography (OCT). AuNSt detection in a biological system using FLIM is compared with OCT on the model of AuNSt penetrating into animal skin. The AuNSt application for multimodal imaging is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Perevedentseva
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
- P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - N Ali
- Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Y-C Lin
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - A Karmenyan
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - C-C Chang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - O Bibikova
- Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - I Skovorodkin
- Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - R Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen
- Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - S J Vainio
- Biocenter Oulu, Infotech Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - M Kinnunen
- Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000 FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - C-L Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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145
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Gold Nanoparticle Formation via X-ray Radiolysis Investigated with Time-Resolved X-ray Liquidography. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197125. [PMID: 32992497 PMCID: PMC7582564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the generation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from the aqueous solution of chloro(2,2',2″-terpyridine)gold(III) ion ([Au(tpy)Cl]2+) through X-ray radiolysis and optical excitation at a synchrotron. The original purpose of the experiment was to investigate the photoinduced structural changes of [Au(tpy)Cl]2+ upon 400 nm excitation using time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL). Initially, the TRXL data did not show any signal that would suggest structural changes of the solute molecule, but after an induction time, the TRXL data started to show sharp peaks and valleys. In the early phase, AuNPs with two types of morphology, dendrites, and spheres, were formed by the reducing action of hydrated electrons generated by the X-ray radiolysis of water, thereby allowing the detection of TRXL data due to the laser-induced lattice expansion and relaxation of AuNPs. Along with the lattice expansion, the dendritic and spherical AuNPs were transformed into smaller, raspberry-shaped AuNPs of a relatively uniform size via ablation by the optical femtosecond laser pulse used for the TRXL experiment. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the reduction potential of the metal complex relative to the hydration potential of X-ray-generated electrons determines the facile AuNP formation observed for [Au(tpy)Cl]2+.
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146
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Pandey A, Vighetto V, Di Marzio N, Ferraro F, Hirsch M, Ferrante N, Mitra S, Grattoni A, Filgueira CS. Gold Nanoparticles Radio-Sensitize and Reduce Cell Survival in Lewis Lung Carcinoma. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1717. [PMID: 32872626 PMCID: PMC7558645 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that particle size plays an important role in determining the genotoxicity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The purpose of this study was to compare the potential radio-sensitization effects of two different sized GNPs (3.9 and 37.4 nm) fabricated and examined in vitro in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) as a model of non-small cell lung cancer through use of comet and clonogenic assays. After treatment with 2Gy X-ray irradiation, both particle sizes demonstrated increased DNA damage when compared to treatment with particles only and radiation alone. This radio-sensitization was further translated into a reduction in cell survival demonstrated by clonogenicity. This work indicates that GNPs of both sizes induce DNA damage in LLC cells at the tested concentrations, whereas the 37.4 nm particle size treatment group demonstrated greater significance in vitro. The presented data aids in the evaluation of the radiobiological response of Lewis lung carcinoma cells treated with gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Pandey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Veronica Vighetto
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Marzio
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Electronic and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferraro
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Hirsch
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrante
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carly S. Filgueira
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.V.); (N.D.M.); (F.F.); (M.H.); (N.F.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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147
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da Silva Cansian LC, da Luz JZ, Bezerra AG, Machado TN, Santurio MTK, Oliveira Ribeiro CAD, Filipak Neto F. Malignancy and tumorigenicity of melanoma B16 cells are not affected by silver and gold nanoparticles. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:635-645. [PMID: 32746672 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1805663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold (AuNP) and silver (AgNP) nanoparticles have been incorporated into many therapeutic and diagnostic applications. However, previous studies revealed toxic properties as well as the hormesis phenomenon of many nanoparticles in different biological models. To evaluate the effects of low concentrations of AuNP and AgNP on murine melanoma cells B16F1 and B16F10 and relate them with phenotype changes, cells were exposed for 24 and 48 h. No cytotoxicity was observed for B16 cells through neutral red, MTT, trypan blue, and crystal violet assays at concentrations from 0.01 to 10 ng mL-1. Likewise, the nanoparticles did not interfere with drug-efflux activity, cell migration, cell cycle, and colony formation. Slight toxicity was observed for B16F10 exposed to 100 ng mL-1, with a decreased number of viable and attached cells, indicating differential sensitivity of B16F1 and B16F10 cells to the nanoparticles. Furthermore, colony size dispersion decreased for both B16 cell sub-lines. Therefore, there is no evidence that the tested concentrations of AuNP and AgNP can render B16 cells more aggressive and malignant, which is important since both nanoparticles are already largely used in nanotechnological products. Considering studies that have showed the hormesis effect of nanoparticles at low concentrations, which could protect cancer cells against chemotherapy, further investigation is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arandi Ginane Bezerra
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - Thiago Neves Machado
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
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148
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Zhang B, Wang J, Sun J, Wang Y, Chou T, Zhang Q, Shah HR, Ren L, Wang H. Self‐Reporting Gold Nanourchins for Tumor‐Targeted Chemo‐Photothermal Therapy Integrated with Multimodal Imaging. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beilu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Tsengming Chou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 P. R. China
| | - Harshal R. Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Biomaterials Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA
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149
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Street STG, He Y, Jin XH, Hodgson L, Verkade P, Manners I. Cellular uptake and targeting of low dispersity, dual emissive, segmented block copolymer nanofibers. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8394-8408. [PMID: 34094184 PMCID: PMC8162143 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02593c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based nanoparticles show substantial promise in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Herein we report an exploration of the cellular uptake of tailored, low dispersity segmented 1D nanoparticles which were prepared from an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(dihexylfluorene)-b-poly(ethyleneglycol) (PDHF13-b-PEG227), with a crystallizable PDHF core-forming block and a 'stealth' PEG corona-forming block with different end-group functionalities. Segmented C-B-A-B-C pentablock 1D nanofibers with varied spatially-defined coronal chemistries and a selected length (95 nm) were prepared using the living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) seeded-growth method. As the blue fluorescence of PDHF is often subject to environment-related quenching, a far-red BODIPY (BD) fluorophore was attached to the PEG end-group of the coronal B segments to provide additional tracking capability. Folic acid (FA) was also incorporated as a targeting group in the terminal C segments. These dual-emissive pentablock nanofibers exhibited uptake into >97% of folate receptor positive HeLa cells by flow cytometry. In the absence of FA, no significant uptake was detected and nanofibers with either FA or BD coronal groups showed no significant toxicity. Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) studies revealed receptor-mediated endocytosis as an uptake pathway, with subsequent localization to the perinuclear region. A significant proportion of the nanofibers also appeared to interact with the cell membrane in an end-on fashion, which was coupled with fluorescence quenching of the PDHF core. These results provide new insights into the cellular uptake of polymer-based nanofibers and suggest their potential use in targeted therapies and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T G Street
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - Yunxiang He
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Xu-Hui Jin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Lorna Hodgson
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Paul Verkade
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 3V6 Canada
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150
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Singh S, Alrobaian MM, Molugulu N, Agrawal N, Numan A, Kesharwani P. Pyramid-Shaped PEG-PCL-PEG Polymeric-Based Model Systems for Site-Specific Drug Delivery of Vancomycin with Enhance Antibacterial Efficacy. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11935-11945. [PMID: 32548372 PMCID: PMC7271022 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance remains a major global problem due to frequent prescriptions, leading to significant toxicities. To overcome the limitations of antibiotic therapy, it is highly desirable to provide site-specific delivery of drugs with controlled release. Inspired by the biocompatible, biodegradable, and site-specific mimicking behavior of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL), we developed vancomycin-PEG-PCL-PEG conjugates to maximize the pharmacological effects and minimize the side effects. Drug-loaded vancomycin-PEG-PCL-PEG conjugates are influenced by size, shape, surface area, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release, hemolysis assay, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and bacterial kill kinetics. The results demonstrated that vancomycin (VCM) release from PEG-PCL-PEG triblock revealed a biphasic manner. Hemolysis assay showed the nonprescription nature of VCM-PEG-PCL-PEG. Cytotoxicity studies confirmed the biocompatibility of VCM-PEG-PCL-PEG. The in vitro antibacterial results showed enhance activity with minimum inhibitory concentration compared to bare VCM. Molecular dynamics simulation study revealed that binding between VCM and PEG-PCL-PEG by hydrophobic interactions offers molecular encapsulation and steric barrier to drug degradation. This newly developed therapeutic delivery system can offer to enhance activity and delivery VCM against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University
of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Majed M Alrobaian
- Department of Pharmaceutics
and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagashekhara Molugulu
- School
of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University
of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Arshid Numan
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,
SIST, Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, China
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia
Hamdard, 110062 New Delhi, India
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