101
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Görl D, Würthner F. Entropically Driven Self-Assembly of Bolaamphiphilic Perylene Dyes in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12094-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Görl
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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102
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Lasitha P, Prasad E. Host-Guest Chemistry between Perylene Diimide (PDI) Derivatives and 18-Crown-6: Enhancement in Luminescence Quantum Yield and Electrical Conductivity. Chemistry 2016; 22:10558-64. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Lasitha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 India
| | - Edamana Prasad
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 India
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103
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Krieg E, Bastings MMC, Besenius P, Rybtchinski B. Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Media. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2414-77. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pol Besenius
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Boris Rybtchinski
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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104
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Yan Q, Cai K, Zhao D. Supramolecular aggregates with distinct optical properties from PDI oligomers of similar structures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1905-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05561j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Perylenediimide oligomers comprising different linkers exhibit J- and H-aggregates, which is proposed to arise from subtle supramolecular structure differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry, Peking University
| | - Kang Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry, Peking University
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry, Peking University
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105
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Rest C, Kandanelli R, Fernández G. Strategies to create hierarchical self-assembled structures via cooperative non-covalent interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:2543-72. [PMID: 25735967 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00497c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative phenomena are common processes involved in the hierarchical self-assembly of multiple systems in nature, such as the tobacco mosaic virus and a cell's cytoskeleton. Motivated by the high degree of order exhibited by these systems, a great deal of effort has been devoted in the past two decades to design hierarchical supramolecular polymers by combining different classes of cooperative interactions. In this review, we have classified the field of supramolecular polymers depending on the cooperative non-covalent forces driving their formation, with particular emphasis on recent examples from literature. We believe that this overview would help scientists in the field to design novel self-assembled systems with improved complexity and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rest
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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106
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Wang C, Jin Q, Yang S, Zhang D, Wang Q, Li J, Song S, Sun Z, Ni Y, Zhang J, Yin Z. Synthesis and Evaluation of 131I-Skyrin as a Necrosis Avid Agent for Potential Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Solid Tumors. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:180-189. [PMID: 26647005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An innovative anticancer approach targeted to necrotic tissues, which serves as a noncancerous and generic anchor, may present a breakthrough. Necrosis avid agents with a flat conjugate aromatic structure selectively accumulate in necrotic tissues, but they easily form aggregates that undesirably distribute to normal tissues. In this study, skyrin, a dianthraquinone compound with smaller and distorted π-cores and thus decreased aggregates as compared with hypericin (Hyp), was designed to target necrosis for tumor therapy. Aggregation studies of skyrin by UV/vis spectroscopy showed a smaller self-association constant with skyrin than with Hyp. Skyrin was labeled by iodine-131 with a radiochemical purity of 98% and exhibited good stability in rat serum for 72 h. In vitro cell uptake studies showed significant difference in the uptake of 131I-skyrin by necrotic cells compared to normal cells (P < 0.05). Compared in rats with liver and muscle necrosis, radiobiodistribution, whole-body autoradiography, and SPECT/CT studies revealed higher accumulation of 131I-skyrin in necrotic liver and muscle (p < 0.05), but lower uptake in normal organs, relative to that of 131I-Hyp. In mice bearing H22 tumor xenografts treated with combretastatin A4 disodium phosphate, the highest uptake of 131I-skyrin was found in necrotic tumor. In conclusion, 131I-skyrin appears a promising agent with reduced accumulation in nontarget organs for targeted radionuclide therapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Yang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Jindian Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Ziping Sun
- Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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107
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Li J, Zhang J, Yang S, Jiang C, Zhang D, Jin Q, Wang Q, Wang C, Ni Y, Yin Z, Song S. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Radioiodinated Hypericin Dicarboxylic Acid as a Necrosis Avid Agent in Rat Models of Induced Hepatic, Muscular, and Myocardial Necroses. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:232-40. [PMID: 26568406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to substantial morbidity and mortality around the world. Accurate assessment of myocardial viability is essential to assist therapies and improve patient outcomes. (131)I-hypericin dicarboxylic acid ((131)I-HDA) was synthesized and evaluated as a potential diagnostic agent for earlier assessment of myocardium viability compared to its preceding counterpart (131)I-hypericin ((131)I-Hyp) with strong hydrophobic property, long plasma half-life, and high uptake in mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Herein, HDA was synthesized and characterized, and self-aggregation constant Kα was analyzed by spectrophotometry. Plasma half-life was determined in healthy rats by γ-counting. (131)I-HDA and (131)I-Hyp were prepared with iodogen as oxidant. In vitro necrosis avidity of (131)I-HDA and (131)I-Hyp was evaluated in necrotic cells induced by hyperthermia. Biodistribution was determined in rat models of induced necrosis using γ-counting, autoradiography, and histopathology. Earlier imaging of necrotic myocardium to assess myocardial viability was performed in rat models of reperfused myocardium infarction using single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). As a result, the self-aggregation constant Kα of HDA was lower than that of Hyp (105602 vs 194644, p < 0.01). (131)I-HDA displayed a shorter blood half-life compared with (131)I-Hyp (9.21 vs 31.20 h, p < 0.01). The necrotic-viable ratio in cells was higher with (131)I-HDA relative to that with (131)I-Hyp (5.48 vs 4.63, p < 0.05). (131)I-HDA showed a higher necrotic-viable myocardium ratio (7.32 vs 3.20, p < 0.01), necrotic myocardium-blood ratio (3.34 vs 1.74, p < 0.05), and necrotic myocardium-lung ratio (3.09 vs 0.61, p < 0.01) compared with (131)I-Hyp. (131)I-HDA achieved imaging of necrotic myocardium at 6 h postinjection (p.i.) with SPECT/CT, earlier than what (131)I-Hyp did. Therefore, (131)I-HDA may serve as a promising necrosis-avid diagnostic agent for earlier imaging of necrotic myocardium compared with (131)I-Hyp. This may support further development of radiopharmaceuticals ((123)I and (99m)Tc) based on HDA for SPECT/CT of necrotic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Yang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - DongJian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
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108
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Yang L, Brazier JB, Hubbard TA, Rogers DM, Cockroft SL. Can Dispersion Forces Govern Aromatic Stacking in an Organic Solvent? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixu Yang
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - John B. Brazier
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Thomas A. Hubbard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - David M. Rogers
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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109
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Yang L, Brazier JB, Hubbard TA, Rogers DM, Cockroft SL. Can Dispersion Forces Govern Aromatic Stacking in an Organic Solvent? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:912-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixu Yang
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - John B. Brazier
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Thomas A. Hubbard
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - David M. Rogers
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
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110
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Gershberg J, Fennel F, Rehm TH, Lochbrunner S, Würthner F. Anti-cooperative supramolecular polymerization: a new K2- K model applied to the self-assembly of perylene bisimide dye proceeding via well-defined hydrogen-bonded dimers. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1729-1737. [PMID: 28966774 PMCID: PMC5582317 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new perylene bisimide dye self-assembles in an anti-cooperative process predominently into even numbered aggregates via dimers which could be interpreted by a newly developed K2–K model.
A perylene bisimide dye bearing amide functionalities at the imide positions derived from amino acid l-alanine and a dialkoxy-substituted benzyl amine self-assembles into tightly bound dimers by π–π-stacking and hydrogen bonding in chloroform. In less polar or unpolar solvents like toluene and methylcyclohexane, and in their mixtures, these dimers further self-assemble into extended oligomeric aggregates in an anti-cooperative process in which even numbered aggregates are highly favoured. The stepwise transition from dimers into oligomers can not be properly described by conventional K2–K model, and thus a new K2–K aggregation model has been developed, which interpretes the present anti-cooperative supramolecular polymerization more appropriately. The newly developed K2–K model will be useful to describe self-assembly processes of a plethora of other π-conjugated molecules that are characterized by a favored dimer species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Gershberg
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Franziska Fennel
- Universität Rostock , Institut für Physik , Dynamik Molekularer Systeme , Albert-Einstein-Str. 23 , 18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Thomas H Rehm
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Universität Rostock , Institut für Physik , Dynamik Molekularer Systeme , Albert-Einstein-Str. 23 , 18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg , Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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111
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Chen S, Slattum P, Wang C, Zang L. Self-Assembly of Perylene Imide Molecules into 1D Nanostructures: Methods, Morphologies, and Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11967-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Paul Slattum
- Vaporsens Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Ling Zang
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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112
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Würthner F, Saha-Möller CR, Fimmel B, Ogi S, Leowanawat P, Schmidt D. Perylene Bisimide Dye Assemblies as Archetype Functional Supramolecular Materials. Chem Rev 2015; 116:962-1052. [PMID: 26270260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chantu R Saha-Möller
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Fimmel
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Soichiro Ogi
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pawaret Leowanawat
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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113
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Hollfelder M, Gekle S. Dynamic Stacking Pathway of Perylene Dimers in Aromatic and Nonaromatic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10216-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hollfelder
- Physics
Department, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Physics
Department, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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114
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Prentice GM, Pascu SI, Filip SV, West KR, Pantoş GD. Aromatic donor-acceptor interactions in non-polar environments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8265-8. [PMID: 25875729 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00507h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the strength of aromatic donor-acceptor interactions between dialkyl naphthalenediimide and dialkoxynaphthalene in non-polar environments. (1)H NMR, UV-vis spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry were used to characterise this interaction. We concluded that the strength of donor-acceptor interactions in heptane is sufficient to drive supramolecular assemblies in this and other aliphatic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles M Prentice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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115
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Schill J, Schenning APHJ, Brunsveld L. Self-Assembled Fluorescent Nanoparticles from π-Conjugated Small Molecules: En Route to Biological Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:1306-21. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Schill
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology; Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Albertus P. H. J. Schenning
- Functional Organic Materials and Devicesand Institute of Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology; Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems; Eindhoven University of Technology; P.O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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116
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Mati SS, Chall S, Bhattacharya SC. Aggregation-induced fabrication of fluorescent organic nanorings: selective biosensing of cysteine and application to molecular logic gate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5025-5032. [PMID: 25893428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-aggregation behavior in aqueous medium of four naphthalimide derivatives has exhibited substitution-dependent, unusual, aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) phenomena. Absorption, emission, and time-resolved study initially indicated the formation of J-type fluorescent organic nanoaggregates (FONs). Simultaneous applications of infrared spectroscopy, theoretical studies, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements explored the underlying mechanism of such substitution-selective aggregation of a chloro-naphthalimide organic molecule. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) visually confirmed the formation of ring like FONs with average size of 7.5-9.5 nm. Additionally, naphthalimide FONs also exhibited selective and specific cysteine amino acid sensing property. The specific behavior of NPCl aggregation toward amino acids was also employed as a molecular logic gate in information technology (IT).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayantani Chall
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
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117
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Supramolecular block copolymers by kinetically controlled co-self-assembly of planar and core-twisted perylene bisimides. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7009. [PMID: 25959777 PMCID: PMC4432616 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New synthetic methodologies for the formation of block copolymers have revolutionized polymer science within the last two decades. However, the formation of supramolecular block copolymers composed of alternating sequences of larger block segments has not been realized yet. Here we show by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 2D NMR and optical spectroscopy that two different perylene bisimide dyes bearing either a flat (A) or a twisted (B) core self-assemble in water into supramolecular block copolymers with an alternating sequence of (AmBB)n. The highly defined ultralong nanowire structure of these supramolecular copolymers is entirely different from those formed upon self-assembly of the individual counterparts, that is, stiff nanorods (A) and irregular nanoworms (B), respectively. Our studies further reveal that the as-formed supramolecular block copolymer constitutes a kinetic self-assembly product that transforms into thermodynamically more stable self-sorted homopolymers upon heating. Block co-polymers are becoming of ever-increasing importance in polymer science. Here, the authors show that the co-assembly of two perylene bisimide dyes leads to supramolecular block copolymer structures with a regular alternating sequence of short blocks of respective homoaggregates.
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118
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Gershberg J, Radić Stojković M, Škugor M, Tomić S, Rehm TH, Rehm S, Saha-Möller CR, Piantanida I, Würthner F. Sensing of Double-Stranded DNA/RNA Secondary Structures by Water Soluble Homochiral Perylene Bisimide Dyes. Chemistry 2015; 21:7886-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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119
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Son M, Fimmel B, Dehm V, Würthner F, Kim D. Folding-Induced Modulation of Excited-State Dynamics in an Oligophenylene-Ethynylene-Tethered Spiral Perylene Bisimide Aggregate. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:1757-67. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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120
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Rodler F, Schade B, Jäger CM, Backes S, Hampel F, Böttcher C, Clark T, Hirsch A. Amphiphilic Perylene–Calix[4]arene Hybrids: Synthesis and Tunable Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3308-17. [DOI: 10.1021/ja512048t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Rodler
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials
(ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Boris Schade
- Research
Center for Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof M Jäger
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum
and Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials, Department of
Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Backes
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials
(ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials
(ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Research
Center for Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum
and Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials, Department of
Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials
(ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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121
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Ogi S, Stepanenko V, Sugiyasu K, Takeuchi M, Würthner F. Mechanism of self-assembly process and seeded supramolecular polymerization of perylene bisimide organogelator. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3300-7. [PMID: 25689054 DOI: 10.1021/ja511952c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of supramolecular polymerization has been elucidated for an archetype organogelator molecule composed of a perylene bisimide aromatic scaffold and two amide substituents. This molecule self-assembles into elongated one-dimensional nanofibers through a cooperative nucleation-growth process. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses have been applied to discover conditions (temperature, solvent, concentration) where the spontaneous nucleation can be retarded by trapping of the monomers in an inactive conformation, leading to lag times up to more than 1 h. The unique kinetics in the nucleation process was confirmed as a thermal hysteresis in a cycle of assembly and disassembly processes. Under appropriate conditions within the hysteresis loop, addition of preassembled nanofiber seeds leads to seeded polymerization from the termini of the seeds in a living supramolecular polymerization process. These results demonstrate that seeded polymerizations are not limited to special situations where off-pathway aggregates sequester the monomeric reactant species but may be applicable to a large number of known and to be developed molecules from the large family of molecules that self-assemble into one-dimensional nanofibrous structures. Generalizing from the mechanistic insight into our seeded polymerization, we assert that a cooperative nucleation-growth supramolecular polymerization accompanied by thermal hysteresis can be controlled in a living manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Ogi
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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122
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Wang KR, Yang ZB, Li XL. High Excimer-State Emission of Perylene Bisimides and Recognition of Latent Fingerprints. Chemistry 2015; 21:5680-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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123
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Echue G, Lloyd‐Jones GC, Faul CFJ. Chiral perylene diimides: building blocks for ionic self-assembly. Chemistry 2015; 21:5118-28. [PMID: 25689392 PMCID: PMC4973615 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A chiral perylene diimide building block has been prepared based on an amine derivative of the amino acid l‐phenylalanine. Detailed studies were carried out into the self‐assembly behaviour of the material in solution and the solid state using UV/Vis, circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopy. For the charged building block BTPPP, the molecular chirality of the side chains is translated into the chiral supramolecular structure in the form of right‐handed helical aggregates in aqueous solution. Temperature‐dependent UV/Vis studies of BTPPP in aqueous solution showed that the self‐assembly behaviour of this dye can be well described by an isodesmic model in which aggregation occurs to generate short stacks in a reversible manner. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies (WXRD) revealed that this material self‐organises into aggregates with π–π stacking distances typical for π‐conjugated materials. TEM investigations revealed the formation of self‐assembled structures of low order and with no expression of chirality evident. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarised optical microscopy (POM) were used to investigate the mesophase properties. Optical textures representative of columnar liquid–crystalline phases were observed for solvent‐annealed samples of BTPPP. The high solubility, tunable self‐assembly and chiral ordering of these materials demonstrate their potential as new molecular building blocks for use in the construction of chiro‐optical structures and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Echue
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS (UK)
| | | | - Charl F. J. Faul
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS (UK)
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124
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Maeda T, Würthner F. Halochromic and hydrochromic squaric acid functionalized perylene bisimide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7661-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01691f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A squaric acid functionalized perylene bisimide senses solvent polarity, pH and humidity through the intramolecular charge transfer initiated by protonation/deprotonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Maeda
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Am Hubland
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- Am Hubland
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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125
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Nowak-Król A, Fimmel B, Son M, Kim D, Würthner F. Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) versus excimer formation in supramolecular p/n-heterojunctions of perylene bisimide dyes and implications for organic photovoltaics. Faraday Discuss 2015; 185:507-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Foldamer systems comprised of two perylene bisimide (PBI) dyes attached to the conjugated backbones of 1,2-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene and phenylethynyl-bis(phenylene)indane, respectively, were synthesized and investigated with regard to their solvent-dependent properties. UV/Vis absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectra show that both foldamers exist predominantly in a folded H-aggregated state consisting of π–π-stacked PBIs in THF and in more random conformations with weaker excitonic coupling between the PBIs in chloroform. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and transient absorption spectroscopy reveal entirely different relaxation pathways for the photoexcited molecules in the given solvents, i.e. photoinduced electron transfer leading to charge separated states for the open conformations (in chloroform) and relaxation into excimer states with red-shifted emission for the stacked conformations (in THF). Supported by redox data from cyclic voltammetry and Rehm–Weller analysis we could relate the processes occurring in these solution-phase model systems to the elementary processes in organic solar cells. Accordingly, only if relaxation pathways such as excimer formation are strictly avoided in molecular semiconductor materials, excitons may diffuse over larger distances to the heterojunction interface and produce photocurrent via the formation of electron/hole pairs by photoinduced electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nowak-Król
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Benjamin Fimmel
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Minjung Son
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Korea
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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126
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Laguerre A, Chang Y, Pirrotta M, Desbois N, Gros CP, Lesniewska E, Monchaud D. Surface-promoted aggregation of amphiphilic quadruplex ligands drives their selectivity for alternative DNA structures. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7034-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The surface-promoted aggregation of a structurally fine-tuned TMPyP4 derivative allows for the straightforward visualization of the quadruplex/ligand interactionsviahigh-speed AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Chang
- Institute of Molecular Chemistry
- Dijon
- France
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127
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Fimmel B, Son M, Sung YM, Grüne M, Engels B, Kim D, Würthner F. Phenylene Ethynylene-Tethered Perylene Bisimide Folda-Dimer and Folda-Trimer: Investigations on Folding Features in Ground and Excited States. Chemistry 2014; 21:615-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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128
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Zhang J, Prabhakar N, Näreoja T, Rosenholm JM. Semiconducting polymer encapsulated mesoporous silica particles with conjugated Europium complexes: toward enhanced luminescence under aqueous conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:19064-19074. [PMID: 25289897 DOI: 10.1021/am5050218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of lanthanide organic complexes in meso-organized hybrid materials for luminescence applications have attracted immense interest due to the possibility of controlled segregation at the nanoscopic level for novel optical properties. Aimed at enhancing the luminescence intensity and stability of the hybrid materials in aqueous media, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized, semiconducting polymer (poly(9-vinylcarbazole), PVK) encapsulated mesoporous silica hybrid particles grafted with Europium(III) complexes. Monosilylated β-diketonate ligands (1-(2-naphthoyl)-3,3,3-trifluoroacetonate, NTA) were first co-condensed in the mesoporous silica particles as pendent groups for bridging and anchoring the lanthanide complexes, resulting in particles with an mean diameter of ∼ 450 nm and a bimodal pore size distribution centered at 3.5 and 5.3 nm. PVK was encapsulated on the resulted particles by a solvent-induced surface precipitation process, in order to seal the mesopores and protect Europium ions from luminescence quenching by producing a hydrophobic environment. The obtained polymer encapsulated MSN-EuLC@PVK-PVP particles exhibit significantly higher intrinsic quantum yield (Φ(Ln) = 39%) and longer lifetime (τ(obs) = 0.51 ms), as compared with those without polymer encapsulation. Most importantly, a high luminescence stability was realized when MSN-EuLC@PVK-PVP particles were dispersed in various aqueous media, showing no noticeable quenching effect. The beneficial features and positive attributes of both mesoporous silica and semiconducting polymers as lanthanide-complex host were merged in a single hybrid carrier, opening up the possibility of using these hybrid luminescent materials under complex aqueous conditions such as biological/physiological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044, China
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129
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Son M, Park KH, Shao C, Würthner F, Kim D. Spectroscopic Demonstration of Exciton Dynamics and Excimer Formation in a Sterically Controlled Perylene Bisimide Dimer Aggregate. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3601-3607. [PMID: 26278616 DOI: 10.1021/jz501953a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although it is commonly known that H-type PBI aggregates give rise to a broad, red-shifted excimer fluorescence with considerably longer fluorescence lifetimes than observed for the monomers, the underlying mechanisms of excimer formation and other relevant exciton dynamics in such π-stacked systems are still far from being understood. In this context, we demonstrate a thorough spectroscopic investigation on the exciton relaxation pathways, including excimer formation, in a perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PBI) dimer aggregate 1 by using time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy combined with excitation-power and polarization dependence. It was found that the excited dimer formation process followed by structural rearrangement is approximately two times faster than observed within larger PBI aggregates. Excitation-power-dependent transient absorption decay profiles revealed the fully delocalized nature of excitons in the dimer as opposed to larger stacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Son
- †Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- †Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Changzhun Shao
- ‡Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- ‡Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dongho Kim
- †Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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130
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Lindquist RJ, Lefler KM, Brown KE, Dyar SM, Margulies EA, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Energy flow dynamics within cofacial and slip-stacked perylene-3,4-dicarboximide dimer models of π-aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14912-23. [PMID: 25245598 DOI: 10.1021/ja507653p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Robust perylene-3,4-dicarboximide (PMI) π-aggregates provide important light-harvesting and electron-hole pair generation advantages in organic photovoltaics and related applications, but relatively few studies have focused on the electronic interactions between PMI chromophores. In contrast, structure-function relationships based on π-π stacking in the related perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximides) (PDIs) have been widely investigated. The performance of both PMI and PDI derivatives in organic devices may be limited by the formation of low-energy excimer trap states in morphologies where interchromophore coupling is strong. Here, five covalently bound PMI dimers with varying degrees of electronic interaction were studied to probe the relative chromophore orientations that lead to excimer energy trap states. Femtosecond near-infrared transient absorption spectroscopy was used to observe the growth of a low-energy transition at ~1450-1520 nm characteristic of the excimer state in these covalent dimers. The excimer-state absorption appears in ~1 ps, followed by conformational relaxation over 8-17 ps. The excimer state then decays in 6.9-12.8 ns, as measured by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The excimer lifetimes reach a maximum for a slip-stacked geometry in which the two PMI molecules are displaced along their long axes by one phenyl group (~4.3 Å). Additional displacement of the PMIs by a biphenyl spacer along the long axis prevents excimer formation. Symmetry-breaking charge transfer is not observed in any of the PMI dimers, and only a small triplet yield (<5%) is observed for the cofacial PMI dimers. These data provide structural insights for minimizing excimer trap states in organic devices based on PMI derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Lindquist
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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131
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Krieg E, Weissman H, Shimoni E, Bar On (Ustinov) A, Rybtchinski B. Understanding the Effect of Fluorocarbons in Aqueous Supramolecular Polymerization: Ultrastrong Noncovalent Binding and Cooperativity. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9443-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503906p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Krieg
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Haim Weissman
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eyal Shimoni
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alona Bar On (Ustinov)
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Boris Rybtchinski
- Departments of †Organic Chemistry and ‡Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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132
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Das A, Ghosh S. Supramolekulare Anordnungen mit Charge-Transfer-Wechselwirkungen zwischen Donor- und Akzeptor-Chromophoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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133
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Das A, Ghosh S. Supramolecular Assemblies by Charge-Transfer Interactions between Donor and Acceptor Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2038-54. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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134
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Montalti M, Battistelli G, Cantelli A, Genovese D. Photo-tunable multicolour fluorescence imaging based on self-assembled fluorogenic nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5326-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48464e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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135
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Gao Y, Li H, Yin S, Liu G, Cao L, Li Y, Wang X, Ou Z, Wang X. Supramolecular electron donor–acceptor complexes formed by perylene diimide derivative and conjugated phenazines. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nanostructure and binding mode of the perylene diimide–phenazine complex can be modulated by the phenazine derivative substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Huizhen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an City, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Lu Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Yi Li
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhize Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Xin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
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136
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Zhang X, Görl D, Stepanenko V, Würthner F. Hierarchical Growth of Fluorescent Dye Aggregates in Water by Fusion of Segmented Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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137
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Zhang X, Görl D, Stepanenko V, Würthner F. Hierarchical growth of fluorescent dye aggregates in water by fusion of segmented nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:1270-4. [PMID: 24352910 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dye aggregates are becoming increasingly attractive for diverse applications, in particular as organic electronic and sensor materials. However, the growth processes of such aggregates from molecular to small assemblies up to nanostructures is still not properly understood, limiting the design of materials' functional properties. Here we elucidate the supramolecular growth process for an outstanding class of functional dyes, perylene bisimides (PBIs), by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our studies reveal a sequential growth of amphiphilic PBI dyes from nanorods into nanoribbons in water by fusion and fission processes. More intriguingly, the fluorescence observed for higher hierarchical order nanoribbons was enhanced relative to that of nanorods. Our results provide insight into the relationship between molecular, morphological, and functional properties of self-assembled organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry and Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
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138
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Lefler KM, Brown KE, Salamant WA, Dyar SM, Knowles KE, Wasielewski MR. Triplet State Formation in Photoexcited Slip-Stacked Perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) Dimers on a Xanthene Scaffold. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10333-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4083008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Lefler
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kristen E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Walter A. Salamant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kathryn E. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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139
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Frischmann PD, Würthner F. Synthesis of a Non-aggregating Bay-Unsubstituted Perylene Bisimide Dye with Latent Bromo Groups for C–C Cross Coupling. Org Lett 2013; 15:4674-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D. Frischmann
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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140
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Shao C, Stolte M, Würthner F. Backbone-Directed Perylene Dye Self-Assembly into Oligomer Stacks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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141
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Shao C, Stolte M, Würthner F. Backbone-directed perylene dye self-assembly into oligomer stacks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10463-7. [PMID: 23943193 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Arm wrestling: Backbone-directed "arm-to-arm" aggregation of a newly designed perylene bisimide (PBI) dyad with a defined intramolecular space leads to the growth of kinetically stable extended PBI π-stacks. This PBI dyad was shown to assemble into oligomers up to 21 units in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhun Shao
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
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142
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Shao C, Stolte M, Würthner F. Quadruple π Stack of Two Perylene Bisimide Tweezers: A Bimolecular Complex with Kinetic Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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143
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Shao C, Stolte M, Würthner F. Quadruple π stack of two perylene bisimide tweezers: a bimolecular complex with kinetic stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7482-6. [PMID: 23757369 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly: A tweezer-type perylene bisimide (PBI) dyad self-assembles into a defined bimolecular complex composed of a quadruple PBI π stack with remarkable kinetic stability, which is unprecedented for π-stacked dye aggregates (see picture). These persistent supramolecular species are of considerable interest for the elucidation of functional properties of dye aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhun Shao
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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144
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Stepanenko V, Li XQ, Gershberg J, Würthner F. Evidence for Kinetic Nucleation in Helical Nanofiber Formation Directed by Chiral Solvent for a Perylene Bisimide Organogelator. Chemistry 2013; 19:4176-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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145
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Wang KR, An HW, Wang YQ, Zhang JC, Li XL. Multivalent glycoclusters constructed by chiral self-assembly of mannose functionalized perylene bisimide. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1007-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27052h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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146
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Lim JM, Kim P, Yoon MC, Sung J, Dehm V, Chen Z, Würthner F, Kim D. Exciton delocalization and dynamics in helical π-stacks of self-assembled perylene bisimides. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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147
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Pho TV, Toma FM, Chabinyc ML, Wudl F. Self-Assembling Decacyclene Triimides Prepared through a Regioselective Hextuple Friedel-Crafts Carbamylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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148
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Pho TV, Toma FM, Chabinyc ML, Wudl F. Self-Assembling Decacyclene Triimides Prepared through a Regioselective Hextuple Friedel-Crafts Carbamylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1446-51. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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149
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Shao C, Grüne M, Stolte M, Würthner F. Perylene Bisimide Dimer Aggregates: Fundamental Insights into Self-Assembly by NMR and UV/Vis Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2012; 18:13665-77. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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150
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Rehm TH, Stojković MR, Rehm S, Škugor M, Piantanida I, Würthner F. Interaction of spermine-alanine functionalized perylene bisimide dye aggregates with ds-DNA/RNA secondary structure. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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