101
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Out-of-equilibrium chemical logic systems: Light and sound controlled programmable spatiotemporal patterns and mechanical functions. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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102
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Molecular communications in complex systems of dynamic supramolecular polymers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2162. [PMID: 35443756 PMCID: PMC9021206 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers are composed of monomers that self-assemble non-covalently, generating distributions of monodimensional fibres in continuous communication with each other and with the surrounding solution. Fibres, exchanging molecular species, and external environment constitute a sole complex system, which intrinsic dynamics is hard to elucidate. Here we report coarse-grained molecular simulations that allow studying supramolecular polymers at the thermodynamic equilibrium, explicitly showing the complex nature of these systems, which are composed of exquisitely dynamic molecular entities. Detailed studies of molecular exchange provide insights into key factors controlling how assemblies communicate with each other, defining the equilibrium dynamics of the system. Using minimalistic and finer chemically relevant molecular models, we observe that a rich concerted complexity is intrinsic in such self-assembling systems. This offers a new dynamic and probabilistic (rather than structural) picture of supramolecular polymer systems, where the travelling molecular species continuously shape the assemblies that statistically emerge at the equilibrium. The dynamic structure of supramolecular polymers is challenging to determine both in experiments and in simulations. Here the authors use coarse-grained molecular models to provide a comprehensive analysis of the molecular communication in these complex molecular systems.
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103
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Kriukov DV, Koyuncu AH, Wong ASY. History Dependence in a Chemical Reaction Network Enables Dynamic Switching. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107523. [PMID: 35257479 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work describes an enzymatic autocatalytic network capable of dynamic switching under out-of-equilibrium conditions. The network, wherein a molecular fuel (trypsinogen) and an inhibitor (soybean trypsin inhibitor) compete for a catalyst (trypsin), is kept from reaching equilibria using a continuous flow stirred tank reactor. A so-called 'linear inhibition sweep' is developed (i.e., a molecular analogue of linear sweep voltammetry) to intentionally perturb the competition between autocatalysis and inhibition, and used to demonstrate that a simple molecular system, comprising only three components, is already capable of a variety of essential neuromorphic behaviors (hysteresis, synchronization, resonance, and adaptation). This research provides the first steps in the development of a strategy that uses the principles in systems chemistry to transform chemical reaction networks into platforms capable of neural network computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii V Kriukov
- Department of Molecules and Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NH, The Netherlands
| | - A Hazal Koyuncu
- Department of Molecules and Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NH, The Netherlands
| | - Albert S Y Wong
- Department of Molecules and Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NH, The Netherlands
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NH, The Netherlands
- BRAINS (Center for Brain-inspired Nano Systems), University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522 NH, The Netherlands
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104
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Paikar A, Novichkov AI, Hanopolskyi AI, Smaliak VA, Sui X, Kampf N, Skorb EV, Semenov SN. Spatiotemporal Regulation of Hydrogel Actuators by Autocatalytic Reaction Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106816. [PMID: 34910837 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulating hydrogel actuators with chemical reaction networks is instrumental for constructing life-inspired smart materials. Herein, hydrogel actuators are engineered that are regulated by the autocatalytic front of thiols. The actuators consist of two layers. The first layer, which is regular polyacrylamide hydrogel, is in a strained conformation. The second layer, which is polyacrylamide hydrogel with disulfide crosslinks, maintains strain in the first layer. When thiols released by the autocatalytic front reduce disulfide crosslinks, the hydrogel actuates by releasing the mechanical strain in the first layer. The autocatalytic front is sustained by the reaction network, which uses thiouronium salts, disulfides of β-aminothiols, and maleimide as starting components. The gradual actuation by the autocatalytic front enables movements such as gradual unrolling, screwing, and sequential closing of "fingers." This actuation also allows the transmission of chemical signals in a relay fashion and the conversion of a chemical signal to an electrical signal. Locations and times of spontaneous initiation of autocatalytic fronts can be preprogrammed in the spatial distribution of the reactants in the hydrogel. To approach the functionality of living matter, the actuators triggered by an autocatalytic front can be integrated into smart materials regulated by chemical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Paikar
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Alexander I Novichkov
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Anton I Hanopolskyi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Viktoryia A Smaliak
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Xiaomeng Sui
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Nir Kampf
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ekaterina V Skorb
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Sergey N Semenov
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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105
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Yang C, Su F, Xu Y, Ma Y, Tang L, Zhou N, Liang E, Wang G, Tang J. pH Oscillator-Driven Jellyfish-like Hydrogel Actuator with Dissipative Synergy between Deformation and Fluorescence Color Change. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:347-353. [PMID: 35575373 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of soft actuators with complex practical functions is significant for imitating the behaviors of living organisms. However, it is still a challenge to fabricate artificial soft actuators with jellyfish-like synergistic deformation and fluorescence color change (SDFC) and autonomous dynamic behavior, but such a system could obviously endow the classic soft actuators with more functions. Herein, we proposed to utilize tetra(4-pyridylphenyl)ethylene (TPE-4N) luminogen with pH-responsive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) to fabricate the AIE active hydrogel, which could be further employed to obtain an anisotropic bilayer soft actuator based on strong interfacial adhesion with acrylic acid (AA) gels. Furthermore, artificial flower-shape actuators showing SDFC behaviors were demonstrated. On the basis of these findings, jellyfish-inspired autonomous gel actuators driven by a pH oscillator have been fabricated, in which periodical SDFC behaviors completely regulated by the system itself without repetitive on/off switches of external stimuli were well synchronized with the pH oscillator. The described combination of nonlinear chemistry and responsive hydrogels actuator opens pathways toward out-of-equilibrium SDFC devices with autonomous behavior useful for biomimetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
- College of Packaging and Material Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Fang Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Yixue Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
| | - Li Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
| | - Ningbo Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, P. R. China
| | - Enxiang Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, P. R. China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-Based Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, P. R. China
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106
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Sharma C, Walther A. Self‐Regulating Colloidal Co‐Assemblies That Accelerate Their Own Destruction via Chemo‐Structural Feedback. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charu Sharma
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz 55128 Mainz Germany
- Cluster of Excellence livMats @ FIT Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg 79098 Freiburg Germany
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107
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Abstract
Stimuli-responsive DNA-based hydrogels are attracting growing interest because of their smart responsiveness, excellent biocompatibility, regulated biodegradability, and programmable design properties. Integration of reconfigurable DNA architectures and switchable supramolecular moieties (as cross-linkers) in hydrogels by responding to external stimuli provides an ideal approach for the reversible tuning structural and mechanical properties of the hydrogels, which can be exploited in the development of intelligent DNA-based materials. This review highlights recent advances in the design of responsive pure DNA hydrogels, DNA-polymer hybrid hydrogels, and autonomous DNA-based hydrogels with transient behaviors. A variety of chemically and physically triggered DNA-based stimuli-responsive hydrogels and their versatile applications in biosensing, biocatalysis, cell culture and separation, drug delivery, shape memory, self-healing, and robotic actuators are summarized. Finally, we address the key challenges that the field will face in the coming years, and future prospects are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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108
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Yuan W, Yu C, Xu S, Ni L, Xu W, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Self-evolving materials based on metastable-to-stable crystal transition of a polymorphic polyolefin. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:756-763. [PMID: 34881765 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms can self-evolve with time in order to adapt to the natural environment. Analogically, self-evolving materials also show similar properties based on non-equilibrium structural transformation. The common design of these materials tends to rely on solutions and hydrogels, yet only little attention has been paid to dry materials. To break this limitation, a new principle for developing self-evolving materials from a commercialized polymorphic polyolefin via programmable crystal transition is proposed. The self-evolving materials can encode information on patterns and morphing by the metastable crystal phase. Dynamically, this phase transforms to the stable crystal phase so that the encoded information self-evolves with time, displaying the autonomous characteristic. Moreover, this process can be interrupted at an arbitrary time through solvent-induced recrystallization. These advantages have been demonstrated by fabricating an edible period indicator and imitating sophisticated human body language. It is believed that this work may inspire future research studies on self-evolving materials based on the non-equilibrium process of dry materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Chengtao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Lingling Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Wenqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
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109
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Lei M, Qu X, Wan H, Jin D, Wang S, Zhao Z, Yin M, Payne GF, Liu C. Electro-assembly of a dynamically adaptive molten fibril state for collagen. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl7506. [PMID: 35108048 PMCID: PMC8809537 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is a biological building block that is hierarchically assembled into diverse morphological structures that, in some cases, is dynamically adaptive in response to external cues and in other cases forms static terminal structures. Technically, there is limited capabilities to guide the emergence of collagen's hierarchical organization to recapitulate the richness of biological structure and function. Here, we report an electro-assembly pathway to create a dynamically adaptive intermediate molten fibril state for collagen. Structurally, this intermediate state is composed of partially aligned and reversibly associating fibrils with limited hierarchical structure. These molten fibrils can be reversibly reconfigured to offer dynamic properties such as stimuli-stiffening, stimuli-contracting, self-healing, and self-shaping. Also, molten fibrils can be guided to further assemble to recapitulate the characteristic hierarchical structural features of native collagen (e.g., aligned fibers with D-banding). We envision that the electro-assembly of collagen fibrils will provide previously unidentified opportunities for tailored collagen-based biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Lei
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue Qu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haoran Wan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dawei Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiling Zhao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Robert E. Fischell Biomedical Device Institute, 5118 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Meng Yin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gregory F. Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Robert E. Fischell Biomedical Device Institute, 5118 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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110
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Chang L, Wang D, Jiang A, Hu Y. Soft Actuators Based On Carbon Nanomaterials. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202100437. [PMID: 35103423 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the sophisticated design of biological systems, interest in soft intelligent actuators has increased significantly in recent years, providing attractive strategies for the design of elaborate soft mechanical systems. For the construction of those soft actuators, carbon nanomaterials were extensively and successfully explored for the properties of highly conductive, electrothermal, and photothermal conversion. This review aims to trace the recent achievements for the material and structural design as well as the general mechanisms of the soft actuators, paying particular attention to the contribution of carbon nanomaterials resulted from their diversified interplaying properties, which realized the flexible and dexterous deformation responding to various environmental stimuli, including light, electricity and humidity. The properties and mechanisms of soft actuators are summarized and the potential for future applications and research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Chang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Ajuan Jiang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Ying Hu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
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111
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Li M, Ma Z, Pan C, Zhang X, Zhang W, Yang B, Li Y. Chemical Fuel Mediated Self-Regulatory Polymer Brushes for Autonomous Fluorescence Modulator and Wettability Switcher. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100878. [PMID: 35080275 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic systems of non-equilibrium self-assembly have made considerable progress, however, the achievement of innovative materials with self-regulated functions analogous to living systems remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report a versatile non-equilibrium system of polymer brushes with spatiotemporally programmable properties and functions driven by chemical fuels. By combining a responsive polymer with an autonomous pH regulator, the polymer brushes self-regulate their swelling and deswelling process with tunable lifetimes. By using patterned copolymer brushes with pH-responsive fluorescence moiety, we create an autonomous fluorescence modulator that self-regulates its fluorescence in spatiotemporally programmable fashion driven by a chemical or an enzymatic reaction. Furthermore, we implement a self-regulated wettability switcher of polymer brushes both in air and in an aqueous solution. The methodology and results in this work provide a useful avenue into the exploration of non-equilibrium synthetic materials with programmable functions and would accelerate the transformative developments of non-equilibrium materials and systems in practical applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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112
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Afrose SP, Mahato C, Sharma P, Roy L, Das D. Nonequilibrium Catalytic Supramolecular Assemblies of Melamine- and Imidazole-Based Dynamic Building Blocks. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:673-678. [PMID: 34990140 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic nonequilibrium systems has gathered increasing attention due to their potential to illustrate the dynamic, complex, and emergent traits of biological systems. Simple building blocks capable of interacting via dynamic covalent chemistry and physical assembly in a reaction network under nonequilibrium conditions can contribute to our understanding of complex systems of life and its origin. Herein, we have demonstrated the nonequilibrium generation of catalytic supramolecular assemblies from simple heterocycle melamine driven by a thermodynamically activated ester. Utilizing a reversible covalent linkage, an imidazole moiety was recruited by the assemblies to access a catalytic transient state that dissipated energy via accelerated hydrolysis of the activated ester. The nonequilibrium assemblies were further capable of temporally binding to a hydrophobic guest to modulate its photophysical properties. Notably, the presence of an exogenous aromatic base augmented the lifetime of the catalytic microphases, reflecting their higher kinetic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Pavel Afrose
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Chiranjit Mahato
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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113
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Abstract
As the remit of chemistry expands beyond molecules to systems, new synthetic targets appear on the horizon. Among these, life represents perhaps the ultimate synthetic challenge. Building on an increasingly detailed understanding of the inner workings of living systems and advances in organic synthesis and supramolecular chemistry, the de novo synthesis of life (i.e., the construction of a new form of life based on completely synthetic components) is coming within reach. This Account presents our first steps in the journey toward this long-term goal. The synthesis of life requires the functional integration of different subsystems that harbor the different characteristics that are deemed essential to life. The most important of these are self-replication, metabolism, and compartmentalization. Integrating these features into a single system, maintaining this system out of equilibrium, and allowing it to undergo Darwinian evolution should ideally result in the emergence of life. Our journey toward de novo life started with the serendipitous discovery of a new mechanism of self-replication. We found that self-assembly in a mixture of interconverting oligomers is a general way of achieving self-replication, where the assembly process drives the synthesis of the very molecules that assemble. Mechanically induced breakage of the growing replicating assemblies resulted in their exponential growth, which is an important enabler for achieving Darwinian evolution. Through this mechanism, the self-replication of compounds containing peptides, nucleobases, and fully synthetic molecules was achieved. Several examples of evolutionary dynamics have been observed in these systems, including the spontaneous diversification of replicators allowing them to specialize on different food sets, history dependence of replicator composition, and the spontaneous emergence of parasitic behavior. Peptide-based replicator assemblies were found to organize their peptide units in space in a manner that, inadvertently, gives rise to microenvironments that are capable of catalysis of chemical reactions or binding-induced activation of cofactors. Among the reactions that can be catalyzed by the replicators are ones that produce the precursors from which these replicators grow, amounting to the first examples of the assimilation of a proto-metabolism. Operating these replicators in a chemically fueled out-of-equilibrium replication-destruction regime was found to promote an increase in their molecular complexity. Fueling counteracts the inherent tendency of replicators to evolve toward lower complexity (caused by the fact that smaller replicators tend to replicate faster). Among the remaining steps on the road to de novo life are now to assimilate compartmentalization and achieve open-ended evolution of the resulting system. Success in the synthesis of de novo life, once obtained, will have far-reaching implications for our understanding of what life is, for the search for extraterrestrial life, for how life may have originated on earth, and for every-day life by opening up new vistas in the form living technology and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijbren Otto
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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114
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Valiyev I, Ghosh A, Paul I, Schmittel M. Concurrent base and silver(I) catalysis pulsed by fuel acid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1728-1731. [PMID: 35024705 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06398g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of a crown-ether receptor and a silver(I)-loaded cyclam derivative (NetState-I) with a fuel acid reversibly afforded the protonated cyclam and the silver(I)-loaded crown ether (NetState-II). While NetState-I was catalytically OFF, a base-catalysed Michael addition and a silver(I)-catalysed oxime cyclisation reaction was pulsed under dissipative conditions in NetState-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Valiyev
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
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115
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Schwarz PS, Tena-Solsona M, Dai K, Boekhoven J. Carbodiimide-fueled catalytic reaction cycles to regulate supramolecular processes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1284-1297. [PMID: 35014639 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Using molecular self-assembly, supramolecular chemists can create Gigadalton-structures with angstrom precision held together by non-covalent interactions. However, despite relying on the same molecular toolbox for self-assembly, these synthetic structures lack the complexity and sophistication of biological assemblies. Those assemblies are non-equilibrium structures that rely on the constant consumption of energy transduced from the hydrolysis of chemical fuels like ATP and GTP, which endows them with dynamic properties, e.g., temporal and spatial control and self-healing ability. Thus, to synthesize life-like materials, we have to find a reaction cycle that converts chemical energy to regulate self-assembly. We and others recently found that this can be done by a reaction cycle that hydrates carbodiimides. This feature article aims to provide an overview of how the energy transduced from carbodiimide hydration can alter the function of molecules and regulate molecular assemblies. The goal is to offer the reader design considerations for carbodiimide-driven reaction cycles to create a desired morphology or function of the assembly and ultimately to push chemically fueled self-assembly further towards the bottom-up synthesis of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
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116
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Deshwal A, Shikha, Maiti S. Trade-off between carbohydrates and metal ions regulates the chemotactic directionality of alkaline phosphatase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12851-12854. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04360b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of the Hofmeister interaction in governing the chemotactic behavior of alkaline phosphatase in the presence of carbohydrate and metal ion gradients has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshi Deshwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Shikha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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117
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Abstract
Smart soft materials are envisioned to be the building blocks of the next generation of advanced devices and digitally augmented technologies. In this context, liquid crystals (LCs) owing to their responsive and adaptive attributes could serve as promising smart soft materials. LCs played a critical role in revolutionizing the information display industry in the 20th century. However, in the turn of the 21st century, numerous beyond-display applications of LCs have been demonstrated, which elegantly exploit their controllable stimuli-responsive and adaptive characteristics. For these applications, new LC materials have been rationally designed and developed. In this Review, we present the recent developments in light driven chiral LCs, i.e., cholesteric and blue phases, LC based smart windows that control the entrance of heat and light from outdoor to the interior of buildings and built environments depending on the weather conditions, LC elastomers for bioinspired, biological, and actuator applications, LC based biosensors for detection of proteins, nucleic acids, and viruses, LC based porous membranes for the separation of ions, molecules, and microbes, living LCs, and LCs under macro- and nanoscopic confinement. The Review concludes with a summary and perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for LCs as smart soft materials. This Review is anticipated to stimulate eclectic ideas toward the implementation of the nature's delicate phase of matter in future generations of smart and augmented devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Quan Li
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States.,Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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118
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Spatola E, Rispoli F, Del Giudice D, Cacciapaglia R, Casnati A, Marchiò L, Baldini L, Di Stefano S. Dissipative control of the fluorescence of a 1,3-dipyrenyl calix[4]arene in the cone conformation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:132-138. [PMID: 34816861 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02096j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The temporal control (ON/OFF/ON) of the fluorescence of a dichloromethane/acetonitrile 1 : 1 solution of calixarene 3 decorated with two pyrenyl moieties at the upper rim is attained by the addition of CCl3CO2H used as a convenient chemical fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Spatola
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Rispoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Roberta Cacciapaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Laura Baldini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Roma La Sapienza and ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma - Meccanismi di Reazione, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
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119
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Niebuur BJ, Hegels H, Tena-Solsona M, Schwarz PS, Boekhoven J, Papadakis CM. Droplet Formation by Chemically Fueled Self-Assembly: The Role of Precursor Hydrophobicity. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13542-13551. [PMID: 34851128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigate active droplets that form at the expense of a chemical fuel in aqueous buffer and vanish autonomously. Dynamic light scattering reveals the scattered intensity, the hydrodynamic radius, and the width of the size distribution with high precision as well as high temporal and spatial resolutions. Comparing the resulting time-dependent behavior of the droplet characteristics with the time-dependent concentration of the anhydrides, the roles of the chemical reaction cycle and of colloidal growth processes are elucidated. The droplet sizes and lifetimes depend strongly on the hydrophobicity of the precursor, and the growth rate is found to correlate with the deactivation rate of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart-Jan Niebuur
- Physik-Department, Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hendrik Hegels
- Physik-Department, Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Institute for Advanced Studies, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Patrick S Schwarz
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Institute for Advanced Studies, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christine M Papadakis
- Physik-Department, Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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120
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Dai K, Tena-Solsona M, Rodon Fores J, Bergmann AM, Boekhoven J. Morphological transitions in chemically fueled self-assembly. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19864-19869. [PMID: 34825692 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04954b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In chemically fueled self-assembly, a reaction cycle activates and deactivates molecules for self-assembly. The resulting assembly is dynamic and should be endowed with unique behavior in this kinetically controlled regime. Recent works have mainly focused on design rules for the activation of molecules for self-assembly, thereby assuming that disassembly upon deactivation inherently follows. However, that is not always the case. This work shows a family of peptides that assemble into colloids regulated through a chemical reaction cycle. Despite their similarity in assembly, we find that they follow a different disassembly pathway upon deactivation. The colloids from several peptides completely disassemble as fuel depletes while others transition into fibers. Our findings demonstrate that assembly and disassembly should be taken into account in chemically fueled self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Alexander M Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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121
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Gentile S, Del Grosso E, Pungchai PE, Franco E, Prins LJ, Ricci F. Spontaneous Reorganization of DNA-Based Polymers in Higher Ordered Structures Fueled by RNA. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20296-20301. [PMID: 34843256 PMCID: PMC8662731 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We demonstrate a strategy that allows
for the spontaneous reconfiguration
of self-assembled DNA polymers exploiting RNA as chemical fuel. To
do this, we have rationally designed orthogonally addressable DNA
building blocks that can be transiently deactivated by RNA fuels and
subtracted temporarily from participation in the self-assembly process.
Through a fine modulation of the rate at which the building blocks
are reactivated we can carefully control the final composition of
the polymer and convert a disordered polymer in a higher order polymer,
which is disfavored from a thermodynamic point of view. We measure
the dynamic reconfiguration via fluorescent signals and confocal microscopy,
and we derive a kinetic model that captures the experimental results.
Our approach suggests a novel route toward the development of biomolecular
materials in which engineered chemical reactions support the autonomous
spatial reorganization of multiple components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Gentile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Del Grosso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Passa E Pungchai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Elisa Franco
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Leonard J Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
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122
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Vantomme G, Elands LCM, Gelebart AH, Meijer EW, Pogromsky AY, Nijmeijer H, Broer DJ. Coupled liquid crystalline oscillators in Huygens' synchrony. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1702-1706. [PMID: 33603183 PMCID: PMC7612044 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the flourishing field of soft robotics, strategies to embody communication and collective motion are scarce. Here we report the synchronized oscillations of thin plastic actuators by an approach reminiscent of the synchronized motion of pendula and metronomes. Two liquid crystalline network oscillators fuelled by light influence the movement of one another and display synchronized oscillations in-phase and anti-phase in a steady state. By observing entrainment between the asymmetric oscillators we demonstrate the existence of coupling between the two actuators. We qualitatively explain the origin of the synchronized motion using a theoretical model and numerical simulations, which suggest that the motion can be tuned by the mechanical properties of the coupling joint. We thus anticipate that the complex synchronization phenomena usually observed in rigid systems can also exist in soft polymeric materials. This enables the use of new stimuli, featuring an example of collective motion by photo-actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Lars C M Elands
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dynamics and Control, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Helene Gelebart
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory for Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Y Pogromsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dynamics and Control, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Control Systems and Industrial Robotics, Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics, Petersburg, Russia
| | - Henk Nijmeijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dynamics and Control, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Broer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory for Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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123
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Groeer S, Schumann K, Loescher S, Walther A. Molecular communication relays for dynamic cross-regulation of self-sorting fibrillar self-assemblies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5827. [PMID: 34818037 PMCID: PMC8612681 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Structures in living systems cross-regulate via exchange of molecular information to assemble or disassemble on demand and in a coordinated, signal-triggered fashion. DNA strand displacement (DSD) reaction networks allow rational design of signaling and feedback loops, but combining DSD with structural nanotechnology to achieve self-reconfiguring hierarchical system states is still in its infancy. We introduce modular DSD networks with increasing amounts of regulatory functions, such as negative feedback, signal amplification, and signal thresholding, to cross-regulate the transient polymerization/depolymerization of two self-sorting DNA origami nanofibrils and nanotubes. This is achieved by concatenation of the DSD network with molecular information relays embedded on the origami tips. The two origamis exchange information and display programmable transient states observable by TEM and fluorescence spectroscopy. The programmability on the DSD and the origami level is a viable starting point toward more complex lifelike behavior of colloidal multicomponent systems featuring advanced signal processing functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Groeer
- ABMS Lab–Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Schumann
- ABMS Lab–Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Loescher
- ABMS Lab–Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- ABMS Lab–Active, Adaptive and Autonomous Bioinspired Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 50447 Mainz, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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124
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Afrose SP, Ghosh C, Das D. Substrate induced generation of transient self-assembled catalytic systems. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14674-14685. [PMID: 34820083 PMCID: PMC8597835 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03492h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Living matter is sustained under non-equilibrium conditions via continuous expense of energy which is coordinated by complex organized events. Spatiotemporal control over exquisite functions arises from chemical complexity under non-equilibrium conditions. For instance, extant biology often uses substrate binding events to access temporally stable protein conformations which show acceleration of catalytic rates to subsequently degrade the substrate. Furthermore, thermodynamically activated but kinetically stable esters (GTP) induce the change of conformation of cytoskeleton proteins (microtubules) which leads to rapid polymerization and triggers an augmentation of catalytic rates to subsequently degrade the ester. Importantly, high-energy assemblies composed of non-activated building blocks (GDP-tubulin) are accessed utilizing the energy dissipated from the catalytic conversion of GTP to GDP from the assembled state. Notably, some experimental studies with simple self-assembled systems have elegantly mimicked the phenomena of substrate induced transient generation of catalytic conformations. Through this review, we endeavour to highlight those select studies which have used simple building blocks to demonstrate substrate induced self-assemblies that subsequently show rate acceleration to convert the substrate into waste. The concept of substrate induced self-assembly of building blocks and rate acceleration from the assembled state has the potential to play a predominant role in the preparation of non-equilibrium systems. The design strategies covered in this review can inspire the possibilities of accessing high energy self-assembled structures that are seen in living systems. This review highlights the studies which show substrate induced generation of transient catalytic moieties. Examples have been discussed with keeping an eye on the design strategies for development of non-equilibrium high energy assemblies as seen in Nature.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Pavel Afrose
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Chandranath Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences & Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
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125
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Mallphanov IL, Vanag VK. Chemical micro-oscillators based on the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The results of studies on the development of micro-oscillators (MOs) based on the Belousov –Zhabotinsky (BZ) oscillatory chemical reaction are integrated and systematized. The mechanisms of the BZ reaction and the methods of immobilization of the catalyst of the BZ reaction in micro-volumes are briefly discussed. Methods for creating BZ MOs based on water microdroplets in the oil phase and organic and inorganic polymer microspheres are considered. Methods of control and management of the dynamics of BZ MO networks are described, including methods of MO synchronization. The prospects for the design of neural networks of MOs with intelligent-like behaviour are outlined. Such networks present a new area of nonlinear chemistry, including, in particular, the creation of a chemical ‘computer’.
The bibliography includes 250 references.
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126
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Wang L, Hu M, Wang Y, Xi S, Cheng M, Niu L, Dong Y. Developing a three-input cascade DNA logic gate based on the biological characteristics of metal ion-GO, combined with analysis and verification. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4955-4963. [PMID: 34633006 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limitation of technology, electronic computing is approaching the limit of technology, and new computing tools need to be developed. Here, we build a three-input cascade logic gate based on the advantages of biomolecules, particularly DNA, in the construction of computational logic systems, combined with metal ions and graphene oxide (GO). It is worth mentioning that this study uses a variety of research methods. In addition to the commonly used biological experiments, NUPACK and visual DSD simulation methods are used for analysis, and orthogonal, standardized and other statistical means are used to simplify the experimental process and make the results intuitive. Finally, the designed three-input logic gate is successfully constructed, and it is found that it may have the potential to realize complex computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhui Wang
- Department of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Mengyang Hu
- Department of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Sunfan Xi
- Department of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Li Niu
- Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yafei Dong
- Department of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
- Department of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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127
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Fang Y, Yang X, Lin Y, Shi J, Prominski A, Clayton C, Ostroff E, Tian B. Dissecting Biological and Synthetic Soft-Hard Interfaces for Tissue-Like Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5233-5276. [PMID: 34677943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Soft and hard materials at interfaces exhibit mismatched behaviors, such as mismatched chemical or biochemical reactivity, mechanical response, and environmental adaptability. Leveraging or mitigating these differences can yield interfacial processes difficult to achieve, or inapplicable, in pure soft or pure hard phases. Exploration of interfacial mismatches and their associated (bio)chemical, mechanical, or other physical processes may yield numerous opportunities in both fundamental studies and applications, in a manner similar to that of semiconductor heterojunctions and their contribution to solid-state physics and the semiconductor industry over the past few decades. In this review, we explore the fundamental chemical roles and principles involved in designing these interfaces, such as the (bio)chemical evolution of adaptive or buffer zones. We discuss the spectroscopic, microscopic, (bio)chemical, and computational tools required to uncover the chemical processes in these confined or hidden soft-hard interfaces. We propose a soft-hard interaction framework and use it to discuss soft-hard interfacial processes in multiple systems and across several spatiotemporal scales, focusing on tissue-like materials and devices. We end this review by proposing several new scientific and engineering approaches to leveraging the soft-hard interfacial processes involved in biointerfacing composites and exploring new applications for these composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Yiliang Lin
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jiuyun Shi
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aleksander Prominski
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Clementene Clayton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ellie Ostroff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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128
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Maity I, Sharma C, Lossada F, Walther A. Feedback and Communication in Active Hydrogel Spheres with pH Fronts: Facile Approaches to Grow Soft Hydrogel Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Charu Sharma
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Francisco Lossada
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab Department of Chemistry University of Mainz Duesbergweg 10–14 55128 Mainz Germany
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129
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Maity I, Sharma C, Lossada F, Walther A. Feedback and Communication in Active Hydrogel Spheres with pH Fronts: Facile Approaches to Grow Soft Hydrogel Structures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22537-22546. [PMID: 34347941 PMCID: PMC8518392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Compartmentalized reaction networks regulating signal processing, communication and pattern formation are central to living systems. Towards achieving life-like materials, we compartmentalized urea-urease and more complex urea-urease/ester-esterase pH-feedback reaction networks into hydrogel spheres and investigate how fuel-driven pH fronts can be sent out from these spheres and regulated by internal reaction networks. Membrane characteristics are installed by covering urease spheres with responsive hydrogel shells. We then encapsulate the two networks (urea-urease and ester-esterase) separately into different hydrogel spheres to devise communication, pattern formation and attraction. Moreover, these pH fronts and patterns can be used for self-growing hydrogels, and for developing complex geometries from non-injectable hydrogels without 3D printing tools. This study opens possibilities for compartmentalized feedback reactions and their use in next generation materials fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Maity
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced StudiesUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Charu Sharma
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Francisco Lossada
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS LabDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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130
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Amano S, Borsley S, Leigh DA, Sun Z. Chemical engines: driving systems away from equilibrium through catalyst reaction cycles. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1057-1067. [PMID: 34625723 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems exhibit a range of complex functions at the micro- and nanoscales under non-equilibrium conditions (for example, transportation and motility, temporal control, information processing and so on). Chemists also employ out-of-equilibrium systems, for example in kinetic selection during catalysis, self-replication, dissipative self-assembly and synthetic molecular machinery, and in the form of chemical oscillators. Key to non-equilibrium behaviour are the mechanisms through which systems are able to extract energy from the chemical reactants ('fuel') that drive such processes. In this Perspective we relate different examples of such powering mechanisms using a common conceptual framework. We discuss how reaction cycles can be coupled to other dynamic processes through positive (acceleration) or negative (inhibition) catalysis to provide the thermodynamic impetus for diverse non-equilibrium behaviour, in effect acting as a 'chemical engine'. We explore the way in which the energy released from reaction cycles is harnessed through kinetic selection in a series of what have sometimes been considered somewhat disparate fields (systems chemistry, molecular machinery, dissipative assembly and chemical oscillators), highlight common mechanistic principles and the potential for the synchronization of chemical reaction cycles, and identify future challenges for the invention and application of non-equilibrium systems. Explicit recognition of the use of fuelling reactions to power structural change in catalysts may stimulate the investigation of known catalytic cycles as potential elements for chemical engines, a currently unexplored area of catalysis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Amano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhanhu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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131
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Kuang X, Meng L, Lu CZ. Unveiling electron transfer in a supramolecular aggregate for adaptive and autonomous photochromic response. iScience 2021; 24:102956. [PMID: 34458704 PMCID: PMC8379699 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactive and responsive materials are dynamic molecular systems that are capable of modulating their behavior and adapting to environment autonomously. Photochromic materials are among the fascinating class of dynamic responsive systems and widely used in molecular switches and optoelectronic devices. However, the phototriggered color changing largely relies on the conformation transformation of the photochromic motif, which significantly limited their usage in organic liquid solutions. Herein, we demonstrate a photochromic organic supramolecular system by using electron-rich N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and electron-deficient naphthalenediimide (NDI) as a donor and acceptor, respectively. In the binary system, the photo-induced electron transfer through lone pair···π interactions pathway leads to dynamic photochromic response not only in the solution but also in the crystalline aggregated state. Furthermore, by incorporating the supramolecules in the polymer matrix, the transparent polymeric film also exhibits rapid photochromic response, which makes it a promisingly interactive and adaptive photochromic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Kuang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Can-Zhong Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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132
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Pearce S, Perez-Mercader J. Chemoadaptive Polymeric Assemblies by Integrated Chemical Feedback in Self-Assembled Synthetic Protocells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1543-1550. [PMID: 34584956 PMCID: PMC8461774 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The design and chemical synthesis of artificial material objects which can mimic the functions of living cells is an important ongoing scientific endeavor. A key challenge necessary for fulfilling the criteria for a system to be living currently regards evolution, which is derived from adaptivity. Integrated chemical loops capable of feedback control are required to achieve chemical systems which exhibit adaptivity. To explore this, we present an integrated, two-component orthogonal chemical process involving reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) based polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne click (CuAAC) coupling reaction. The chemical processes are linked through electron transfer from the activated chain-transfer agent (CTA) to the dormant Cu(II) precatalyst. We show that combining these complementary chemistries in a single reaction pot resulted in two primary outcomes: (i) simplification of the PISA process to synthesize the macro-CTA in situ from available nonamphiphilic components and (ii) routes to complexity and adaptation involving population dynamics, morphologies, and dissipative phenomena observed during in situ microscopy analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pearce
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Juan Perez-Mercader
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Santa
Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501, United States
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133
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Mariottini D, Del Giudice D, Ercolani G, Di Stefano S, Ricci F. Dissipative operation of pH-responsive DNA-based nanodevices. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11735-11739. [PMID: 34659709 PMCID: PMC8442697 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate here the use of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyanopropanoic acid (CPA) and nitroacetic acid (NAA) as convenient chemical fuels to drive the dissipative operation of DNA-based nanodevices. Addition of either of the fuel acids to a water solution initially causes a rapid transient pH decrease, which is then followed by a slower pH increase. We have employed such low-to-high pH cycles to control in a dissipative way the operation of two model DNA-based nanodevices: a DNA nanoswitch undergoing time-programmable open–close–open cycles of motion, and a DNA-based receptor able to release-uptake a DNA cargo strand. The kinetics of the transient operation of both systems can be easily modulated by varying the concentration of the acid fuel added to the solution and both acid fuels show an efficient reversibility which further supports their versatility. We demonstrate here the use of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyanopropanoic acid (CPA) and nitroacetic acid (NAA) as convenient chemical fuels to drive the dissipative operation of DNA-based nanodevices.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Mariottini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Daniele Del Giudice
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Gianfranco Ercolani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, ISB-CNR Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Roma Italy
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134
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Stach OS, Breul K, Berač CM, Urschbach M, Seiffert S, Besenius P. Bridging Rigidity and Flexibility: Modulation of Supramolecular Hydrogels by Metal Complexation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100473. [PMID: 34505725 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of complementary, noncovalent interactions is a key principle for the design of multistimuli responsive hydrogels. In this work, an amphiphilic peptide, supramacromolecular hydrogelator which combines metal-ligand coordination induced gelation and thermoresponsive toughening is reported. Following a modular approach, the incorporation of the triphenylalanine sequence FFF into a structural (C3 EG ) and a terpyridine-functionalized (C3 Tpy ) C3 -symmetric monomer enables their statistical copolymerization into self-assembled, 1D nanorods in water, as investigated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the presence of a terpyridine functionalized telechelic polyethylene glycol (PEG) cross-linker, complex formation upon addition of different transition metal ions (Fe2+ , Zn2+ , Ni2+ ) induces the formation of soft, reversible hydrogels at a solid weight content of 1 wt% as observed by linear shear rheology. The viscoelastic behavior of Fe2+ and Zn2+ cross-linked hydrogels are basically identical, while the most kinetically inert Ni2+ coordinative bond leads to significantly weaker hydrogels, suggesting that the most dynamic rather than the most thermodynamically stable interaction supports the formation of robust and responsive hydrogel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Stach
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Breul
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Christian M Berač
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Moritz Urschbach
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seiffert
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Pol Besenius
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz, 55128, Germany.,Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, Mainz, 55128, Germany
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135
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Das K, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. Chemically Fueled Self-Assembly in Biology and Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20120-20143. [PMID: 33704885 PMCID: PMC8453758 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Life is a non-equilibrium state of matter maintained at the expense of energy. Nature uses predominantly chemical energy stored in thermodynamically activated, but kinetically stable, molecules. These high-energy molecules are exploited for the synthesis of other biomolecules, for the activation of biological machinery such as pumps and motors, and for the maintenance of structural order. Knowledge of how chemical energy is transferred to biochemical processes is essential for the development of artificial systems with life-like processes. Here, we discuss how chemical energy can be used to control the structural organization of organic molecules. Four different strategies have been identified according to a distinguishable physical-organic basis. For each class, one example from biology and one from chemistry are discussed in detail to illustrate the practical implementation of each concept and the distinct opportunities they offer. Specific attention is paid to the discussion of chemically fueled non-equilibrium self-assembly. We discuss the meaning of non-equilibrium self-assembly, its kinetic origin, and strategies to develop synthetic non-equilibrium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
| | - Leonard J. Prins
- Department of Chemical Sciences|University of PadovaVia Marzolo 135131PadovaItaly
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136
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Hu Y, Ji Q, Huang M, Chang L, Zhang C, Wu G, Zi B, Bao N, Chen W, Wu Y. Light‐Driven Self‐Oscillating Actuators with Phototactic Locomotion Based on Black Phosphorus Heterostructure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Qixiao Ji
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Majing Huang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Longfei Chang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Chengchu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Guan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Bin Zi
- School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
| | - Ningzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
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137
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Deng J, Walther A. Autonomous DNA nanostructures instructed by hierarchically concatenated chemical reaction networks. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5132. [PMID: 34446724 PMCID: PMC8390752 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Concatenation and communication between chemically distinct chemical reaction networks (CRNs) is an essential principle in biology for controlling dynamics of hierarchical structures. Here, to provide a model system for such biological systems, we demonstrate autonomous lifecycles of DNA nanotubes (DNTs) by two concatenated CRNs using different thermodynamic principles: (1) ATP-powered ligation/restriction of DNA components and (2) input strand-mediated DNA strand displacement (DSD) using energy gains provided in DNA toeholds. This allows to achieve hierarchical non-equilibrium systems by concurrent ATP-powered ligation-induced DSD for activating DNT self-assembly and restriction-induced backward DSD reactions for triggering DNT degradation. We introduce indirect and direct activation of DNT self-assemblies, and orthogonal molecular recognition allows ATP-fueled self-sorting of transient multicomponent DNTs. Coupling ATP dissipation to DNA nanostructures via programmable DSD is a generic concept which should be widely applicable to organize other DNA nanostructures, and enable the design of automatons and life-like systems of higher structural complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence livMatS @ FIT - Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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138
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Amirjalayer S. Understanding the Molecular Origin of the Collective Movement in a Diarylethene-based Photo-Responsive Actuator. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1658-1661. [PMID: 34213042 PMCID: PMC8456835 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Remotely controlling macroscopic movement is one of the key elements to realize intelligent materials for applications ranging from sensing to robotics. Over the last few years, a number of photomechanical materials based on diarylethene derivatives have been developed. However, a detailed picture of the structural evolution within these soft actuators is often missing. In this work, an atomistic investigation uncovers how the photo-induced molecular dynamics propagates to large-scale motion and results in macroscopic deformation of the crystal. By correlating the intramolecular rearrangement within the photo-responsive switching unit with the intermolecular packing, the molecular mechanism for the photomechanical phenomena is deciphered, which is fundamental for a rational development of photo-responsive actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Amirjalayer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterPhysikalisches InstituteCenter for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC)Heisenbergstr. 1148149MünsterGermany
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139
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A dissipative pathway for the structural evolution of DNA fibres. Nat Chem 2021; 13:843-849. [PMID: 34373598 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical networks interconnect, grow and evolve to express new properties as different chemical pathways are selected during a continuous cycle of energy consumption and transformation. In contrast, synthetic systems that push away from equilibrium usually return to the same self-assembled state, often generating waste that limits system recyclability and prevents the formation of adaptable networks. Here we show that annealing by slow proton dissipation selects for otherwise inaccessible morphologies of fibres built from DNA and cyanuric acid. Using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, we observe that proton dissipation influences the growth mechanism of supramolecular polymerization, healing gaps within fibres and converting highly branched, interwoven networks into nanocable superstructures. Just as the growth kinetics of natural fibres determine their structural attributes to modulate function, our system of photoacid-enabled depolymerization and repolymerization selects for healed materials to yield organized, robust fibres. Our method provides a chemical route for error-checking, distinct from thermal annealing, that improves the morphologies and properties of supramolecular materials using out-of-equilibrium systems.
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140
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Hu Y, Ji Q, Huang M, Chang L, Zhang C, Wu G, Zi B, Bao N, Chen W, Wu Y. Light-Driven Self-Oscillating Actuators with Phototactic Locomotion Based on Black Phosphorus Heterostructure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20511-20517. [PMID: 34272927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing self-oscillating soft actuators that enable autonomous, continuous, and directional locomotion is significant in biomimetic soft robotics fields, but remains great challenging. Here, an untethered soft photoactuators based on covalently-bridged black phosphorus-carbon nanotubes heterostructure with self-oscillation and phototactic locomotion under constant light irradiation is designed. Owing to the good photothermal effect of black phosphorus heterostructure and thermal deformation of the actuator components, the new actuator assembled by heterostructured black phosphorus, polymer and paper produces light-driven reversible deformation with fast and large response. By using this actuator as mechanical power and designing a robot configuration with self-feedback loop to generate self-oscillation, an inchworm-like actuator that can crawl autonomously towards the light source is constructed. Moreover, due to the anisotropy and tailorability of the actuator, an artificial crab robot that can simulate the sideways locomotion of crabs and simultaneously change color under light irradiation is also realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Qixiao Ji
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Majing Huang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Longfei Chang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chengchu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Guan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Ningzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment, Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
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141
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Schwarz PS, Tebcharani L, Heger JE, Müller-Buschbaum P, Boekhoven J. Chemically fueled materials with a self-immolative mechanism: transient materials with a fast on/off response. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9969-9976. [PMID: 34349967 PMCID: PMC8317627 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing demand for transient materials with a predefined lifetime like self-erasing temporary electronic circuits or transient biomedical implants. Chemically fueled materials are an example of such materials; they emerge in response to chemical fuel, and autonomously decay as they deplete it. However, these materials suffer from a slow, typically first order decay profile. That means that over the course of the material's lifetime, its properties continuously change until it is fully decayed. Materials that have a sharp on-off response are self-immolative ones. These degrade rapidly after an external trigger through a self-amplifying decay mechanism. However, self-immolative materials are not autonomous; they require a trigger. We introduce here materials with the best of both, i.e., materials based on chemically fueled emulsions that are also self-immolative. The material has a lifetime that can be predefined, after which it autonomously and rapidly degrades. We showcase the new material class with self-expiring labels and drug-delivery platforms with a controllable burst-release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Laura Tebcharani
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Julian E Heger
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department, Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 2a 85748 Garching Germany
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142
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Goswami A, Özer MS, Paul I, Schmittel M. Evolution of catalytic machinery: three-component nanorotor catalyzes formation of four-component catalytic machinery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7180-7183. [PMID: 34190276 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02805g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The three-component nanorotor [Cu2(S)(R)]2+ (k298 = 46.0 kHz) that is a catalyst for a CuAAC reaction binds the click product at each of its copper centers thereby creating a new platform and a dynamic slider-on-deck system. Due to this sliding motion (k298 = 65.0 kHz) the zinc-porphyrin bound N-methylpyrrolidine is efficiently released into solution and catalyzes a follow-up Michael addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Goswami
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Merve S Özer
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Indrajit Paul
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, Siegen D-57068, Germany.
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143
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Kartha KK, Takai A, Futera Z, Labuta J, Takeuchi M. Dynamics of Meso–Chiral Interconversion in a Butterfly‐Shape Overcrowded Alkene Rotor Tunable by Solvent Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalathil K. Kartha
- Molecular Design and Function Group National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Zdeněk Futera
- University of South Bohemia Faculty of Science Branišovská 1760 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Labuta
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
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144
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How Was Nature Able to Discover Its Own Laws-Twice? Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070679. [PMID: 34357051 PMCID: PMC8305280 DOI: 10.3390/life11070679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The central thesis of the modern scientific revolution is that nature is objective. Yet, somehow, out of that objective reality, projective systems emerged-cognitive and purposeful. More remarkably, through nature's objective laws, chemical systems emerged and evolved to take advantage of those laws. Even more inexplicably, nature uncovered those laws twice-once unconsciously, once consciously. Accordingly, one could rephrase the origin of life question as follows: how was nature able to become self-aware and discover its own laws? What is the law of nature that enabled nature to discover its own laws? Addressing these challenging questions in physical-chemical terms may be possible through the newly emergent field of systems chemistry.
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145
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Nguindjel AC, Korevaar PA. Self‐Sustained Marangoni Flows Driven by Chemical Reactions**. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne‐Déborah C. Nguindjel
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen (The Netherlands
| | - Peter A. Korevaar
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen (The Netherlands
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146
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Mahato RR, Shandilya E, Dasgupta B, Maiti S. Dictating Catalytic Preference and Activity of a Nanoparticle by Modulating Its Multivalent Engagement. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Ram Mahato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Ekta Shandilya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Basundhara Dasgupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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147
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Panja S, Adams DJ. Urea-Urease Reaction in Controlling Properties of Supramolecular Hydrogels: Pros and Cons. Chemistry 2021; 27:8928-8939. [PMID: 33861488 PMCID: PMC8360084 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels are useful in many areas such as cell culturing, catalysis, sensing, tissue engineering, drug delivery, environmental remediation and optoelectronics. The gels need specific properties for each application. The properties arise from a fibrous network that forms the matrix. A common method to prepare hydrogels is to use a pH change. Most methods result in a sudden pH jump and often lead to gels that are hard to reproduce and control. The urease-urea reaction can be used to control hydrogel properties by a uniform and controlled pH increase as well as to set up pH cycles. The reaction involves hydrolysis of urea by urease and production of ammonia which increases the pH. The rate of ammonia production can be controlled which can be used to prepare gels with differing properties. Herein, we show how the urease-urea reaction can be used for the construction of next generation functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Panja
- School of ChemistryUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Dave J. Adams
- School of ChemistryUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
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148
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Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating the development of unconventional computing paradigms inspired by the abilities and energy efficiency of the brain. The human brain excels especially in computationally intensive cognitive tasks, such as pattern recognition and classification. A long-term goal is de-centralized neuromorphic computing, relying on a network of distributed cores to mimic the massive parallelism of the brain, thus rigorously following a nature-inspired approach for information processing. Through the gradual transformation of interconnected computing blocks into continuous computing tissue, the development of advanced forms of matter exhibiting basic features of intelligence can be envisioned, able to learn and process information in a delocalized manner. Such intelligent matter would interact with the environment by receiving and responding to external stimuli, while internally adapting its structure to enable the distribution and storage (as memory) of information. We review progress towards implementations of intelligent matter using molecular systems, soft materials or solid-state materials, with respect to applications in soft robotics, the development of adaptive artificial skins and distributed neuromorphic computing.
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149
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Kartha KK, Takai A, Futera Z, Labuta J, Takeuchi M. Dynamics of Meso-Chiral Interconversion in a Butterfly-Shape Overcrowded Alkene Rotor Tunable by Solvent Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16466-16471. [PMID: 33905168 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of dynamics of molecular rotational motion is an essential part and challenging area of research. We demonstrate reversible diastereomeric interconversion of a molecular rotor composed of overcrowded butterfly-shape alkene (FDF). Its inherent dual rotatory motion (two rotors, one stator) with interconversion between two diastereomers, chiral trans-FDF and meso cis-FDF forms, has been examined in detail upon varying temperatures and solvents. The free energy profile of 180° revolution of one rotor part has a bimodal shape with unevenly positioned maxima (transition states). FDF in aromatic solvents adopts preferentially meso cis-conformation, while in non-aromatic solvents a chiral trans-conformation is more abundant owing to the solvent interactions with peripheral hexyl chains (solvophobic effect). Moderate correlations between the trans-FDF/cis-FDF ratio and solvent parameters, such as refractive index, polarizability, and viscosity were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalathil K Kartha
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Zdeněk Futera
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Labuta
- World Premier International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
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150
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Creusen G, Schmidt RS, Walther A. One-Component DNA Mechanoprobes for Facile Mechanosensing in Photopolymerized Hydrogels and Elastomers. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:671-678. [PMID: 35549108 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA mechanosensors offer unique properties for mechano-adaptive and self-reporting materials, such as programmable bond strength and geometrical strain response, tunable fluorescent strain sensing, interfacing to biological systems, and the ability to store mechanical information. However, the facile incorporation of advanced DNA motifs into polymer networks and achieving robustness in application settings remain difficult. Herein, we introduce one-component DNA mechanoprobes that can be easily polymerized into polymer hydrogels and even elastomers to allow strain-induced fluorescence sensing. The all-in-one mechanoprobe contains a DNA hairpin for programmable force sensing, an internal fluorophore-quencher pair as a reporter, and methacrylamide groups on both ends for rapid and facile photopolymerization into networks based on the nontoxic water-soluble monomer methoxy triethylene glycol acrylate (mTEGA). In addition to mechanosensing hydrogels, we utilize the low Tg of p(mTEGA) to develop the first bulk elastomer materials with DNA force sensors, which show high elasticity and stronger mechanofluorescence. The system makes decisive steps forward for DNA-based mechanoprobes by overcoming the classical multicomponent design of such probes, allowing photopolymerization useful for the design of complex objects or even 3D printing and demonstrating that such motifs may even be useful in dry bulk materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Creusen
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ricarda Sophia Schmidt
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence “Living, Adaptive and Energy-Autonomous Materials Systems” (livMatS), 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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