101
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Kuppusamy R, Yasir M, Berry T, Cranfield CG, Nizalapur S, Yee E, Kimyon O, Taunk A, Ho KK, Cornell B, Manefield M, Willcox M, Black DS, Kumar N. Design and synthesis of short amphiphilic cationic peptidomimetics based on biphenyl backbone as antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:1702-1722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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102
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Lin S, Sin WLW, Koh JJ, Lim F, Wang L, Cao D, Beuerman RW, Ren L, Liu S. Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance. J Med Chem 2017; 60:10135-10150. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wan Ling Wendy Sin
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Jun-Jie Koh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Fanghui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Lin Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Derong Cao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- SRP
Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Li Ren
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- SRP
Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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103
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Wani NA, Singh G, Shankar S, Sharma A, Katoch M, Rai R. Short hybrid peptides incorporating β- and γ-amino acids as antimicrobial agents. Peptides 2017; 97:46-53. [PMID: 28962891 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The peptides containing β- and γ-amino acids, LA-Lys-PEA, P1; LA-Lys-β3,3-Ac6c-PEA, P2; LA-Orn-β3,3-Ac6c-PEA, P3; LA-Lys-Gpn-PEA, P4; LA-Orn-Gpn-PEA, P5; LA-Lys-γ4-Phe-PEA, P6, LA-γ4-Leu-Lys-PEA, P7 and LA-β3,3-Pip(Ac)-Lys-PEA, P8 were synthesized, characterized and evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among all, peptides P2, P3, P4 and P5 exhibited potent activity (MIC 6.25μM) against S. aureus MTCC 737 and P. aeruginosa MTCC 424. In order to understand the efficacy of peptides and mechanism of action, time kill kinetics and fluorescence microscopic studies were performed against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa for the peptides P2, P3, P4 and P5. P4 took half time to show the bactericidal effect on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in comparison to P2 at their 2x MICs. Fluorescence microscopic studies suggested that peptides P2 and P4 both killed the bacteria via membrane disruption. Further, P4 exhibited lowest haemolytic activity among active peptides and negligible cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines A-549, PC-3 and HCT-116 at its MIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiem Ahmad Wani
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001 India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudha Shankar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Arushi Sharma
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001 India
| | - Meenu Katoch
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001 India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajkishor Rai
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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104
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Zhou C, Yuan Y, Zhou P, Wang F, Hong Y, Wang N, Xu S, Du J. Highly Effective Antibacterial Vesicles Based on Peptide-Mimetic Alternating Copolymers for Bone Repair. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4154-4162. [PMID: 29020450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuncai Zhou
- Shanghai
Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301
Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Panyu Zhou
- Changhai
Hospital, Department of Emergency, The Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fangyingkai Wang
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yuanxiu Hong
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Nuosha Wang
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Changhai
Hospital, Department of Emergency, The Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Shanghai
Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301
Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department
of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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105
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Su M, Xia D, Teng P, Nimmagadda A, Zhang C, Odom T, Cao A, Hu Y, Cai J. Membrane-Active Hydantoin Derivatives as Antibiotic Agents. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8456-8465. [PMID: 28984451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydantoin (imidazolidinedione) derivatives such as nitrofurantoin are small molecules that have aroused considerable interest recently due to their low rate of bacterial resistance. However, their moderate antimicrobial activity may hamper their application combating antibiotic resistance in the long run. Herein, we report the design of bacterial membrane-active hydantoin derivatives, from which we identified compounds that show much more potent antimicrobial activity than nitrofurantoin against a panel of clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. These compounds are able to act on bacterial membranes, analogous to natural host-defense peptides. Additionally, these hydantoin compounds not only kill bacterial pathogens rapidly but also prevent the development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial resistance under the tested conditions. More intriguingly, the lead compound exhibited in vivo efficacy that is much superior to vancomycin by eradicating bacteria and suppressing inflammation caused by MRSA-induced pneumonia in a rat model, demonstrating its promising therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Donglin Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Alekhya Nimmagadda
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Timothy Odom
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Annie Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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106
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Anti-inflammatory activity of cecropin-A2 from Musca domestica. Microb Pathog 2017; 110:637-644. [PMID: 28735081 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Musca domestica cecropin-A2 (Mdc-A2) toward Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to learn more about their immunological functions. RAW264.7 cells were transfected with recombinant lentiviruses introduce pLEX-Mdc-A2into the RAW264.7 cell line (RAW-Mdc-A2). The RAW264.7 cell line with empty pLEX (RAW-pLEX) was produced in the same manner as a negative control. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of TNF-a, IL-1β, NFκB-1 and NFκB-2 in S. aureus-stimulated RAW-Mdc-A2 cells and RAW-pLEX cells in untreated cells and cells treated for 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h. RT-PCR was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of TNF-a, NFκB-1 and NFκB-2 stimulated by Lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Production of TNF-a was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Colony counts were used to calculate the number of CFU per mL of cell culture supernatants. The results showed that compared to RAW-pLEX cells, stable transfection of Mdc-A2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by S. aureus significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of TNF-a transcript variant 1 (TNF-a-tv-1) at 6 h and 12 h and the mRNA expression of TNF-a transcript variant 2 (TNF-a-tv-2) at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h. Compared to RAW-pLEX cells, stable transfection of Mdc-A2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by S. aureus significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-1β-T at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h as well as the mRNA expression of IL-1β at 3 h and 6 h. The expression and production of TNF-a and bacterial burden of cell culture supernatants were significantly down-regulated in RAW-Mdc-A2 cells stimulated by S. aureus, and the expression and production of TNF-a were significantly down-regulated in RAW-Mdc-A2 cells stimulated by LTA. Compared to RAW-pLEX cells, stable transfection of Mdc-A2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by S. aureus significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of NFκB-1 at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h as well as the mRNA expression of NFκB-2 at 6 h. Additionally, stable transfection of Mdc-A2 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LTA significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of NFκB-1. In conclusion, Mdc-A2 possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity and potent antimicrobial activity. Additionally, Mdc-A2 may interact with LTA and execute strong anti-inflammatory activity by blocking the activation of NF-κB signaling pathways.
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107
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Sang P, Shi Y, Teng P, Cao A, Xu H, Li Q, Cai J. Antimicrobial AApeptides. Curr Top Med Chem 2017; 17:1266-1279. [PMID: 27758686 DOI: 10.2174/1568026616666161018145945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest public concerns in the 21st century. Host-defense peptides (HDPs) can potentially mitigate the problem through bacterial membrane disruption; however, they suffer from moderate activity and low stability. We recently developed a new class of peptidomimetics termed "AApeptides". This class of peptidomimetics can mimic the mechanism of action of HDPs, and effectively arrest the growth of multidrug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. As they are built on unnatural backbone, they are resistant to proteolytic degradation. In this review, we summarize the development of this class of antimicrobial peptidomimetics, and discuss the future perspective on how they can move forward on combating antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33260, United States
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33260, United States
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33260, United States
| | - Annie Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33260, United States
| | - Hai Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, HN 410083, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, United States
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108
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Yu TT, Nizalapur S, Ho KKK, Yee E, Berry T, Cranfield CG, Willcox M, Black DS, Kumar N. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N-Sulfonylphenyl glyoxamide-Based Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics as Novel Antimicrobial Agents. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Tin Yu
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | | | - Kitty K. K. Ho
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Eugene Yee
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia; Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thomas Berry
- Molecular Biosciences Team; School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney; Sydney Australia
| | - Charles G. Cranfield
- Molecular Biosciences Team; School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney; Sydney Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - David StC Black
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
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109
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Konai MM, Haldar J. Fatty Acid Comprising Lysine Conjugates: Anti-MRSA Agents That Display In Vivo Efficacy by Disrupting Biofilms with No Resistance Development. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1194-1204. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohini M. Konai
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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110
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Lin S, Koh JJ, Aung TT, Lim F, Li J, Zou H, Wang L, Lakshminarayanan R, Verma C, Wang Y, Tan DTH, Cao D, Beuerman RW, Ren L, Liu S. Symmetrically Substituted Xanthone Amphiphiles Combat Gram-Positive Bacterial Resistance with Enhanced Membrane Selectivity. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1362-1378. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Jie Koh
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Thet Tun Aung
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Fanghui Lim
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Jianguo Li
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 30
Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, 138671, Singapore
| | - Hanxun Zou
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Lin Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- SRP
Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857, Singapore
| | - Chandra Verma
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 30
Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, 138671, Singapore
- School of
Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang
Drive, 637551, Singapore
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science
Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yingjun Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Donald T. H. Tan
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, 168751, Singapore
| | - Derong Cao
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- SRP
Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857, Singapore
| | - Li Ren
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Singapore
Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower
Level 6, 169856, Singapore
- SRP
Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857, Singapore
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111
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Zhang M, Zhu PP, Xin P, Si W, Li ZT, Hou JL. Synthetic Channel Specifically Inserts into the Lipid Bilayer of Gram-Positive Bacteria but not that of Mammalian Erythrocytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Pengyang Xin
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wen Si
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
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112
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Zhang M, Zhu PP, Xin P, Si W, Li ZT, Hou JL. Synthetic Channel Specifically Inserts into the Lipid Bilayer of Gram-Positive Bacteria but not that of Mammalian Erythrocytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2999-3003. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Pengyang Xin
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wen Si
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 China
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113
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Bolarinwa O, Nimmagadda A, Su M, Cai J. Structure and Function of AApeptides. Biochemistry 2017; 56:445-457. [PMID: 28029249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic drawbacks encountered in bioactive peptides in chemical biology and biomedical sciences have diverted research efforts to the development of sequence-specific peptidomimetics that are capable of mimicking the structure and function of peptides and proteins. Modifications in the backbone and/or the side chain of peptides have been explored to develop biomimetic molecular probes or drug leads for biologically important targets. To expand the family of oligomeric peptidomimetics to facilitate their further application, we recently developed a new class of peptidomimetics, AApeptides based on a chiral peptide nucleic acid backbone. AApeptides are resistant to proteolytic degradation and amenable to enormous chemical diversification. Moreover, they could mimic the primary structure of peptides and also fold into discrete secondary structure such as helices and turn-like structures. Furthermore, they have started to show promise in applications in material and biomedical sciences. Herein, we highlight the structural design and some function of AApeptides and present our perspective on their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olapeju Bolarinwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Alekhya Nimmagadda
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Ma Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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114
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Abstract
Bio-inspired synthetic backbones leading to foldamers can provide effective biopolymer mimics with new and improved properties in a physiological environment, and in turn could serve as useful tools to study biology and lead to practical applications in the areas of diagnostics or therapeutics. Remarkable progress has been accomplished over the past 20 years with the discovery of many potent bioactive foldamers originating from diverse backbones and targeting a whole spectrum of bio(macro)molecules such as membranes, protein surfaces, and nucleic acids. These current achievements, future opportunities, and key challenges that remain are discussed in this article.
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115
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Starr CG, He J, Wimley WC. Host Cell Interactions Are a Significant Barrier to the Clinical Utility of Peptide Antibiotics. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:3391-3399. [PMID: 27797468 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite longstanding promise and many known examples, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have failed, thus far, to impact human medicine. On the basis of the physical chemistry and mechanism of action of AMPs, we hypothesized that host cell interactions could contribute to a loss of activity in vivo where host cells are highly concentrated. To test this idea, we characterized AMP activity in the presence of human red blood cells (RBC). Indeed, we show that most of a representative set of natural and synthetic AMPs tested are significantly inhibited by preincubation with host cells and would be effectively inactive at physiological cell density. We studied an example broad-spectrum AMP, ARVA (RRGWALRLVLAY), in a direct, label-free binding assay. We show that weak binding to host cells, coupled with their high concentration, is sufficient to account for a loss of useful activity, for at least some AMPs, because >1 × 108 peptides must be bound to each bacterial cell to achieve sterilization. The effect of host cell preincubation on AMP activity is comparable to that of serum protein binding. Feasible changes in host cell binding could lead to AMPs that do not lose activity through interaction with host cells. We suggest that the intentional identification of AMPs that are active in the presence of concentrated host cells can be achieved with a paradigm shift in the way AMPs are discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles G. Starr
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - William C. Wimley
- Department of Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
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116
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Xi Y, Song T, Tang S, Wang N, Du J. Preparation and Antibacterial Mechanism Insight of Polypeptide-Based Micelles with Excellent Antibacterial Activities. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3922-3930. [PMID: 27936717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antibiotics usually sterilize in chemical ways, which may lead to serious drug resistance. By contrast, peptide-based antibacterial materials are less susceptible to drug resistance. Herein we report the preparation of an antibacterial peptide-based copolymer micelle and the investigation of its membrane-penetration antibacterial mechanism by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The copolymer is poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(phenylalanine-stat-lysine) [PLLA31-b-poly(Phe24-stat-Lys36)], which is synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The PLLA chains form the core, whereas the polypeptide chains form the coronas of the micelle in aqueous solution. This micelle boasts excellent antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, TEM studies clearly reveal that the micelles pierce and then destroy the cell membrane of the bacteria. We also compared the advantages and disadvantages of two general methods for measuring the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of antibacterial micelles. Overall, this study provides us with direct evidence for the antibacterial mechanism of polypeptide-based micelles and a strategy for synthesizing biodegradable antibacterial nanomaterials without antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejing Xi
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Songyao Tang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Nuosha Wang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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117
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Teyssières E, Corre JP, Antunes S, Rougeot C, Dugave C, Jouvion G, Claudon P, Mikaty G, Douat C, Goossens PL, Guichard G. Proteolytically Stable Foldamer Mimics of Host-Defense Peptides with Protective Activities in a Murine Model of Bacterial Infection. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8221-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Teyssières
- Pathogénie
des Toxi-Infections Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, 28
rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Corre
- Pathogénie
des Toxi-Infections Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, 28
rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Antunes
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, Institut Européen
de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
- CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Catherine Rougeot
- Laboratoire
de Pharmacologie de la Douleur, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur
Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Dugave
- Institut
de Biologie et de Technologie de Saclay (iBiTec-S), Service de Chimie
Bio-organique et de Marquage, CEA-Saclay, bâtiment 547, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Grégory Jouvion
- Institut Pasteur, Histopathologie Humaine et Modèles
Animaux, 75724 Paris, France
- Paris Descartes Université, PRES Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Paul Claudon
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, Institut Européen
de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
- CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Guillain Mikaty
- Pathogénie
des Toxi-Infections Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, 28
rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Céline Douat
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, Institut Européen
de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
- CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre L. Goossens
- Pathogénie
des Toxi-Infections Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, 28
rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Histopathologie Humaine et Modèles
Animaux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Guichard
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, Institut Européen
de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
- CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
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118
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Functional foldamers that target bacterial membranes: The effect of charge, amphiphilicity and conformation. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4241-4245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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119
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Teng P, Huo D, Nimmagadda A, Wu J, She F, Su M, Lin X, Yan J, Cao A, Xi C, Hu Y, Cai J. Small Antimicrobial Agents Based on Acylated Reduced Amide Scaffold. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7877-87. [PMID: 27526720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria has emerged to be one of the greatest threats in the 21st century. Herein, we report the development of a series of small molecular antibacterial agents that are based on the acylated reduced amide scaffold. These molecules display good potency against a panel of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Meanwhile, they also effectively inhibit the biofilm formation. Mechanistic studies suggest that these compounds kill bacteria by compromising bacterial membranes, a mechanism analogous to that of host-defense peptides (HDPs). The mechanism is further supported by the fact that the lead compounds do not induce resistance in MRSA bacteria even after 14 passages. Lastly, we also demonstrate that these molecules have therapeutic potential by preventing inflammation caused by MRSA induced pneumonia in a rat model. This class of compounds could lead to an appealing class of antibiotic agents combating drug-resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Teng
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Da Huo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Alekhya Nimmagadda
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Fengyu She
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Ma Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jiyu Yan
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Annie Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chuanwu Xi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health , 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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120
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Dorner F, Malek-Luz A, Saar JS, Bonaus S, Al-Ahmad A, Lienkamp K. Synthetic Mimics of Antimicrobial Peptides (SMAMPs) in Layer-by-Layer Architectures: Possibilities and Limitations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dorner
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT); Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alicia Malek-Luz
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT); Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Julia S. Saar
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT); Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Sebastian Bonaus
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT); Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ali Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Center for Dental Medicine of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Hugstetter Str. 55 79106 Freiburg Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Bioactive Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT); Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany
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121
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Gopalakrishnan R, Frolov AI, Knerr L, Drury WJ, Valeur E. Therapeutic Potential of Foldamers: From Chemical Biology Tools To Drug Candidates? J Med Chem 2016; 59:9599-9621. [PMID: 27362955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, foldamers have progressively emerged as useful architectures to mimic secondary structures of proteins. Peptidic foldamers, consisting of various amino acid based backbones, have been the most studied from a therapeutic perspective, while polyaromatic foldamers have barely evolved from their nascency and remain perplexing for medicinal chemists due to their poor drug-like nature. Despite these limitations, this compound class may still offer opportunities to study challenging targets or provide chemical biology tools. The potential of foldamer drug candidates reaching the clinic is still a stretch. Nevertheless, advances in the field have demonstrated their potential for the discovery of next generation therapeutics. In this perspective, the current knowledge of foldamers is reviewed in a drug discovery context. Recent advances in the early phases of drug discovery including hit finding, target validation, and optimization and molecular modeling are discussed. In addition, challenges and focus areas are debated and gaps highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranganath Gopalakrishnan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden.,AstraZeneca MPI Satellite Unit, Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology , Dortmund 44202, Germany
| | - Andrey I Frolov
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Laurent Knerr
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - William J Drury
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Eric Valeur
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
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122
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Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline at the end of 2015. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 70:3-24. [PMID: 27353164 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing global recognition that the continued emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a serious threat to human health. Action plans released by the World Health Organization and governments of the UK and USA in particular recognize that discovering new antibiotics, particularly those with new modes of action, is one essential element required to avert future catastrophic pandemics. This review lists the 30 antibiotics and two β-lactamase/β-lactam combinations first launched since 2000, and analyzes in depth seven new antibiotics and two new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations launched since 2013. The development status, mode of action, spectra of activity and genesis (natural product, natural product-derived, synthetic or protein/mammalian peptide) of the 37 compounds and six β-lactamase/β-lactam combinations being evaluated in clinical trials between 2013 and 2015 are discussed. Compounds discontinued from clinical development since 2013 and new antibacterial pharmacophores are also reviewed.
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123
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Abstract
Host-defense peptides (HDPs) are promising next generation of antibiotic agents, as they have the potential to circumvent emerging drug resistance, due to their mechanism of bacterial killing through disruption of their membranes. Nonetheless, HDPs have intrinsic drawbacks such as low-to-moderate activity, susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. In the past few years, we developed a new class of peptidomimetics named 'γ-AApeptides', which have superior resistance to proteolysis and a variety of diversification via straightforward synthesis. Our recent studies suggested that γ-AApeptides can mimic the bactericidal mechanism of HDPs and show potent and broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we summarize our current studies of antimicrobial γ-AApeptides and discuss their potential future development as antimicrobial peptidomimetics.
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124
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Kumar S, Birol M, Miranker AD. Foldamer scaffolds suggest distinct structures are associated with alternative gains-of-function in a preamyloid toxin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6391-4. [PMID: 27079937 PMCID: PMC4871714 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01248e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An oligoquinoline foldamer library was synthesized and screened for antagonism of lipid bilayer catalysed assembly of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). One tetraquinoline, ADM-116, showed exceptional potency not only in this assay, but also in secondary assays measuring lipid bilayer integrity and rescue of insulin secreting cells from the toxic effects of IAPP. Structure activity studies identified three additional oligoquinolines, closely related to ADM-116, which also have strong activity in the primary, but not the secondary assays. This contrasts work using an oligopyrdyl foldamer scaffold in which all three assays are observed to be correlated. The results suggest that while there is commonality to the structures and pathways of IAPP conformational change, it is nevertheless possible to leverage foldamers to separately affect IAPP's alternative gains-of-function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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125
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Kumar S, Birol M, Schlamadinger DE, Wojcik SP, Rhoades E, Miranker AD. Foldamer-mediated manipulation of a pre-amyloid toxin. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11412. [PMID: 27108700 PMCID: PMC4848510 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Disordered proteins, such as those central to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, are particularly intractable for structure-targeted therapeutic design. Here we demonstrate the capacity of a synthetic foldamer to capture structure in a disease relevant peptide. Oligoquinoline amides have a defined fold with a solvent-excluded core that is independent of its outwardly projected, derivatizable moieties. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is a peptide central to β-cell pathology in type II diabetes. A tetraquinoline is presented that stabilizes a pre-amyloid, α-helical conformation of IAPP. This charged, dianionic compound is readily soluble in aqueous buffer, yet crosses biological membranes without cellular assistance: an unexpected capability that is a consequence of its ability to reversibly fold. The tetraquinoline docks specifically with intracellular IAPP and rescues β-cells from toxicity. Taken together, our work here supports the thesis that stabilizing non-toxic conformers of a plastic protein is a viable strategy for cytotoxic rescue addressable using oligoquinoline amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
| | - Melissa Birol
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
| | - Diana E. Schlamadinger
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
| | - Slawomir P. Wojcik
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
| | - Andrew D. Miranker
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
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126
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Wang B, Pachaiyappan B, Gruber JD, Schmidt MG, Zhang YM, Woster PM. Antibacterial Diamines Targeting Bacterial Membranes. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3140-51. [PMID: 26964758 PMCID: PMC5927580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing threat to human health exacerbated by a lack of new antibiotics. We now describe a series of substituted diamines that produce rapid bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and stationary-phase bacteria. These compounds reduce biofilm formation and promote biofilm dispersal in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most potent analogue, 3 (1,13-bis{[(2,2-diphenyl)-1-ethyl]thioureido}-4,10-diazatridecane), primarily acts by depolarization of the cytoplasmic membrane and permeabilization of the bacterial outer membrane. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that 3 disrupts membrane integrity rapidly. Compound 3 is also synergistic with kanamycin, demonstrated by the checkerboard method and by time-kill kinetic experiments. In human cell toxicity assays, 3 showed limited adverse effects against the HEK293T human kidney embryonic cells and A549 human adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, 3 produced no adverse effects on Caenorhabditis elegans development, survival, and reproduction. Collectively, diamines related to 3 represent a new class of broad-spectrum antibacterials against drug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Boobalan Pachaiyappan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Jordon D. Gruber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Michael G. Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Yong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Patrick M. Woster
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
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127
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Yarlagadda V, Sarkar P, Samaddar S, Haldar J. A Vancomycin Derivative with a Pyrophosphate-Binding Group: A Strategy to Combat Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswarlu Yarlagadda
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Paramita Sarkar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Sandip Samaddar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
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128
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Yarlagadda V, Sarkar P, Samaddar S, Haldar J. A Vancomycin Derivative with a Pyrophosphate-Binding Group: A Strategy to Combat Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7836-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswarlu Yarlagadda
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Paramita Sarkar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Sandip Samaddar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory; New Chemistry Unit; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR); Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064 Karnataka India
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129
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Nizalapur S, Ho KKK, Kimyon Ö, Yee E, Berry T, Manefield M, Cranfield CG, Willcox M, Black DS, Kumar N. Synthesis and biological evaluation of N-naphthoyl-phenylglyoxamide-based small molecular antimicrobial peptide mimics as novel antimicrobial agents and biofilm inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3623-37. [PMID: 26986463 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00298f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a key component of the human immune system. Synthetic AMP mimics represent a novel strategy to counteract the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Here, we describe the synthesis of novel glyoxamide derivatives via ring-opening reactions of N-hexanoyl, N-benzoyl and N-naphthoylisatins with N,N-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine and N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine. These were converted to both the hydrochloric acid (HCl) or quaternary ammonium iodide (MeI) salts and their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was investigated by their zone-of-inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The HCl salt 22b exhibited the lowest MIC of 16 μg mL(-1), whereas the corresponding MeI salt 22c had a MIC of 39 μg mL(-1). We also investigated the in vitro toxicity of active compounds against the MRC-5 normal human lung fibroblasts and their activity against established biofilm in S. aureus.
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130
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Reed NI, Jo H, Chen C, Tsujino K, Arnold TD, DeGrado WF, Sheppard D. The αvβ1 integrin plays a critical in vivo role in tissue fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:288ra79. [PMID: 25995225 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa5094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane heterodimeric receptors that contribute to diverse biological functions and play critical roles in many human diseases. Studies using integrin subunit knockout mice and inhibitory antibodies have identified important roles for nearly every integrin heterodimer and led to the development of a number of potentially useful therapeutics. One notable exception is the αvβ1 integrin. αv and β1 subunits are individually present in numerous dimer pairs, making it challenging to infer specific roles for αvβ1 by genetic inactivation of individual subunits, and αvβ1 complex-specific blocking antibodies do not yet exist. We therefore developed a potent and highly specific small-molecule inhibitor of αvβ1 to probe the function of this understudied integrin. We found that αvβ1, which is highly expressed on activated fibroblasts, directly binds to the latency-associated peptide of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) and mediates TGFβ1 activation. Therapeutic delivery of this αvβ1 inhibitor attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis, suggesting that drugs based on this lead compound could be broadly useful for treatment of diseases characterized by excessive tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgun I Reed
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hyunil Jo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Tsujino
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Thomas D Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - William F DeGrado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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131
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Wagner S, Sommer R, Hinsberger S, Lu C, Hartmann RW, Empting M, Titz A. Novel Strategies for the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5929-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wagner
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roman Sommer
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Hinsberger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Cenbin Lu
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
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132
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Yarlagadda V, Manjunath GB, Sarkar P, Akkapeddi P, Paramanandham K, Shome BR, Ravikumar R, Haldar J. Glycopeptide Antibiotic To Overcome the Intrinsic Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:132-9. [PMID: 27624964 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of drug resistance along with a declining pipeline of clinically useful antibiotics has made it vital to develop more effective antimicrobial therapeutics, particularly against difficult-to-treat Gram-negative pathogens (GNPs). Many antibacterial agents, including glycopeptide antibiotics such as vancomycin, are inherently inactive toward GNPs because of their inability to cross the outer membrane of these pathogens. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, lipophilic cationic (permanent positive charge) vancomycin analogues were able to permeabilize the outer membrane of GNPs and overcome the inherent resistance of GNPs toward glycopeptides. Unlike vancomycin, these analogues were shown to have a high activity against a variety of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. In the murine model of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii infection, the optimized compound showed potent activity with no observed toxicity. The notable activity of these compounds is attributed to the incorporation of new membrane disruption mechanisms (cytoplasmic membrane depolarization along with outer and inner (cytoplasmic) membrane permeabilization) into vancomycin. Therefore, our results indicate the potential of the present vancomycin analogues to be used against drug-resistant GNPs, thus strengthening the antibiotic arsenal for combating Gram-negative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswarlu Yarlagadda
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Goutham B. Manjunath
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Paramita Sarkar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Padma Akkapeddi
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Paramanandham
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibek R. Shome
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Raju Ravikumar
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry
Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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133
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Ghosh C, Manjunath GB, Konai MM, Uppu DSSM, Paramanandham K, Shome BR, Ravikumar R, Haldar J. Aryl-alkyl-lysines: Membrane-Active Small Molecules Active against Murine Model of Burn Infection. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:111-22. [PMID: 27624962 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens continue to be significant contributors to human morbidity. The recent advent of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (blaNDM-1) producing pathogens, against which few drugs remain active, has aggravated the problem even further. This paper shows that aryl-alkyl-lysines, membrane-active small molecules, are effective in treating infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens. One of the compounds of the study was effective in killing planktonic cells as well as dispersing biofilms of Gram-negative pathogens. The compound was extremely effective in disrupting preformed biofilms and did not select resistant bacteria in multiple passages. The compound retained activity in different physiological conditions and did not induce any toxic effect in female Balb/c mice until concentrations of 17.5 mg/kg. In a murine model of Acinetobacter baumannii burn infection, the compound was able to bring the bacterial burden down significantly upon topical application for 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandradhish Ghosh
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Goutham B. Manjunath
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohini M. Konai
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Divakara S. S. M. Uppu
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Paramanandham
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibek R. Shome
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI) Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Raju Ravikumar
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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134
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Xie Y, Yang L. Calcium and Magnesium Ions Are Membrane-Active against Stationary-Phase Staphylococcus aureus with High Specificity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20628. [PMID: 26865182 PMCID: PMC4749956 DOI: 10.1038/srep20628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is notorious for its ability to acquire antibiotic-resistance, and antibiotic-resistant S. aureus has become a wide-spread cause of high mortality rate. Novel antimicrobials capable of eradicating S. aureus cells including antibiotic-resistant ones are thus highly desired. Membrane-active bactericides and species-specific antimicrobials are two promising sources of novel anti-infective agents for fighting against bacterial antibiotic-resistance. We herein show that Ca2+ and Mg2+, two alkaline-earth-metal ions physiologically essential for diverse living organisms, both disrupt model S. aureus membranes and kill stationary-phase S. aureus cells, indicative of membrane-activity. In contrast to S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis exhibit unaffected survival after similar treatment with these two cations, indicative of species-specific activity against S. aureus. Moreover, neither Ca2+ nor Mg2+ lyses mouse red blood cells, indicative of hemo-compatibility. This works suggests that Ca2+ and Mg2+ may have implications in targeted eradication of S. aureus pathogen including the antibiotic-resistant ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
| | - Lihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China.,Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China
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135
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Piao JG, Gao F, Yang L. Acid-Responsive Therapeutic Polymer for Prolonging Nanoparticle Circulation Lifetime and Destroying Drug-Resistant Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:936-944. [PMID: 26654626 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
How to destroy drug-resistant tumor cells remains an ongoing challenge for cancer treatment. We herein report on a therapeutic nanoparticle, aHLP-PDA, which has an acid-activated hemolytic polymer (aHLP) grafted onto photothermal polydopamine (PDA) nanosphere via boronate ester bond, in efforts to ablate drug-resistant tumors. Upon exposure to oxidative stress and/or near-infrared laser irradiation, aHLP-PDA nanoparticle responsively releases aHLP, likely via responsive cleavage of boronate ester bond, and thus responsively exhibits acid-facilitated mammalian-membrane-disruptive activity. In vitro cell studies with drug-resistant and/or thermo-tolerant cancer cells show that the aHLP-PDA nanoparticle demonstrates preferential cytotoxicity at acidic pH over physiological pH. When administered intravenously, the aHLP-PDA nanoparticle exhibits significantly prolonged blood circulation lifetime and enhanced tumor uptake compared to bare PDA nanosphere, likely owing to aHLP's stealth effects conferred by its zwitterionic nature at blood pH. As a result, the aHLP-PDA nanoparticle effectively ablates drug-resistant tumors, leading to 100% mouse survival even on the 32nd day after suspension of photothermal treatment, as demonstrated with the mouse model. This work suggests that a combination of nanotechnology with lessons learned in bacterial antibiotic resistance may offer a feasible and effective strategy for treating drug-resistant cancers often found in relapsing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Gang Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, ‡Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Feng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, ‡Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, ‡Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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136
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Jones JE, Diemer V, Adam C, Raftery J, Ruscoe RE, Sengel JT, Wallace MI, Bader A, Cockroft SL, Clayden J, Webb SJ. Length-Dependent Formation of Transmembrane Pores by 310-Helical α-Aminoisobutyric Acid Foldamers. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:688-95. [PMID: 26699898 PMCID: PMC4752191 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The synthetic biology toolbox lacks
extendable and conformationally
controllable yet easy-to-synthesize building blocks that are long
enough to span membranes. To meet this need, an iterative synthesis
of α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) oligomers was used to create
a library of homologous rigid-rod 310-helical foldamers,
which have incrementally increasing lengths and functionalizable N-
and C-termini. This library was used to probe the inter-relationship
of foldamer length, self-association strength, and ionophoric ability,
which is poorly understood. Although foldamer self-association in
nonpolar chloroform increased with length, with a ∼14-fold
increase in dimerization constant from Aib6 to Aib11, ionophoric activity in bilayers showed a stronger length
dependence, with the observed rate constant for Aib11 ∼70-fold
greater than that of Aib6. The strongest ionophoric activity
was observed for foldamers with >10 Aib residues, which have end-to-end
distances greater than the hydrophobic width of the bilayers used
(∼2.8 nm); X-ray crystallography showed that Aib11 is 2.93 nm long. These studies suggest that being long enough to
span the membrane is more important for good ionophoric activity than
strong self-association in the bilayer. Planar bilayer conductance
measurements showed that Aib11 and Aib13, but
not Aib7, could form pores. This pore-forming behavior
is strong evidence that Aibm (m ≥ 10) building blocks can span bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester , 131 Princess St, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Diemer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester , 131 Princess St, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Adam
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - James Raftery
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E Ruscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jason T Sengel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I Wallace
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Bader
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Scott L Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Webb
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester , 131 Princess St, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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137
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Xu L, He C, Hui L, Xie Y, Li JM, He WD, Yang L. Bactericidal Dendritic Polycation Cloaked with Stealth Material via Lipase-Sensitive Intersegment Acquires Neutral Surface Charge without Losing Membrane-Disruptive Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27602-27607. [PMID: 26632646 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Net cationicity of membrane-disruptive antimicrobials is necessary for their activity but may elicit immune attack when administered intravenously. By cloaking a dendritic polycation (G2) with poly(caprolactone-b-ethylene glycol) (PCL-b-PEG), we obtain a nanoparticle antimicrobial, G2-g-(PCL-b-PEG), which exhibits neutral surface charge but kills >99.9% of inoculated bacterial cells at ≤8 μg/mL. The observed activity may be attributed PCL's responsive degradation by bacterial lipase and the consequent exposure of the membrane-disruptive, bactericidal G2 core. Moreover, G2-g-(PCL-b-PEG) exhibits good colloidal stability in the presence of serum and insignificant hemolytic toxicity even at ≥2048 μg/mL. suggesting good blood compatibility required for intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chen He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Liwei Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yuntao Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jia-Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei-Dong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, §School of Chemistry and Materials Science, and ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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138
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Konai MM, Adhikary U, Samaddar S, Ghosh C, Haldar J. Structure–Activity Relationship of Amino Acid Tunable Lipidated Norspermidine Conjugates: Disrupting Biofilms with Potent Activity against Bacterial Persisters. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2442-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohini M. Konai
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Utsarga Adhikary
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandip Samaddar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandradhish Ghosh
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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139
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Kaneti G, Meir O, Mor A. Controlling bacterial infections by inhibiting proton-dependent processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1858:995-1003. [PMID: 26522076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is recognized as one of the greatest threats in modern healthcare, taking a staggering toll worldwide. New approaches for controlling bacterial infections must be designed, eventually combining multiple strategies for complimentary therapies. This review explores an old/new paradigm for multi-targeted antibacterial therapy, focused at disturbing bacterial cytoplasmic membrane functions at sub minimal inhibitory concentrations, namely through superficial physical alterations of the bilayer, thereby perturbing transmembrane signals transduction. Such a paradigm may have the advantage of fighting the infection while avoiding many of the known resistance mechanisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Antimicrobial peptides edited by Karl Lohner and Kai Hilpert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galoz Kaneti
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ohad Meir
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Amram Mor
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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140
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Xie S, Zhang Y, Ramström O, Yan M. Base-catalyzed synthesis of aryl amides from aryl azides and aldehydes. Chem Sci 2015; 7:713-718. [PMID: 29896355 PMCID: PMC5952891 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03510d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl amides are efficiently synthesized from the rearrangement of triazolines, which formed in the base-catalyzed azide–aldehyde cycloaddtion.
Aryl amides have been used as important compounds in pharmaceuticals, materials and in molecular catalysis. The methods reported to prepare aryl amides generally require very specific reagents, and the most popular carboxyl–amine coupling reactions demand stoichiometric activators. Herein, we report that aryl azides react with aldehydes under base-catalyzed conditions to yield aryl amides efficiently. Mechanistic investigations support the formation of triazoline intermediates via azide–enolate cycloaddition, which subsequently undergo rearrangement to give amides by either thermal decomposition (20–140 °C) or aqueous acid work-up at room temperature. The strategy does not require nucleophilic anilines and is especially efficient for highly electron-deficient aryl amides, including perfluoroaryl amides, which are otherwise challenging to synthesize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xie
- Department of Chemistry , KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 36 , Stockholm , Sweden . ;
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 36 , Stockholm , Sweden . ;
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of Chemistry , KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 36 , Stockholm , Sweden . ;
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry , KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 36 , Stockholm , Sweden . ; .,Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts Lowell , Lowell , MA 01854 , USA
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141
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Yarlagadda V, Samaddar S, Paramanandham K, Shome BR, Haldar J. Membrane Disruption and Enhanced Inhibition of Cell-Wall Biosynthesis: A Synergistic Approach to Tackle Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13644-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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142
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Yarlagadda V, Samaddar S, Paramanandham K, Shome BR, Haldar J. Membrane Disruption and Enhanced Inhibition of Cell-Wall Biosynthesis: A Synergistic Approach to Tackle Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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143
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Konai MM, Haldar J. Lysine-Based Small Molecules That Disrupt Biofilms and Kill both Actively Growing Planktonic and Nondividing Stationary Phase Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2015; 1:469-78. [PMID: 27623313 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial resistance is a major threat to global health. Alongside this issue, formation of bacterial biofilms is another cause of concern because most antibiotics are ineffective against these recalcitrant microbial communities. Ideal future antibacterial therapeutics should possess both antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. In this study we engineered lysine-based small molecules, which showed not only commendable broad-spectrum antibacterial activity but also potent biofilm-disrupting properties. Synthesis of these lipophilic lysine-norspermidine conjugates was achieved in three simple reaction steps, and the resultant molecules displayed potent antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) including drug-resistant superbugs MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus), VRE (vancomycin-resistant E. faecium), and β-lactam-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. An optimized compound in the series showed activity against planktonic bacteria in the concentration range of 3-10 μg/mL, and bactericidal activity against stationary phase S. aureus was observed within an hour. The compound also displayed about 120-fold selectivity toward both classes of bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli) over human erythrocytes. This rapidly bactericidal compound primarily acts on bacteria by causing significant membrane depolarization and K(+) leakage. Most importantly, the compound disrupted preformed biofilms of S. aureus and did not trigger bacterial resistance. Therefore, this class of compounds has high potential to be developed as future antibacterial drugs for treating infections caused by planktonic bacteria as well as bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohini M. Konai
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal
Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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144
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Cheng J, Chin W, Dong H, Xu L, Zhong G, Huang Y, Li L, Xu K, Wu M, Hedrick JL, Yang YY, Fan W. Biodegradable Antimicrobial Polycarbonates with In Vivo Efficacy against Multidrug-Resistant MRSA Systemic Infection. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2128-2136. [PMID: 26331284 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The threat of multidrug resistance requires development of new medicines to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The biodegradable polycarbonates that have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and show the highest selectivity toward S. aureus are studied for their antibacterial properties against clinically isolated MRSA and toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the polymers are demonstrated to be much lower than those of cefoxitin (a commonly used antibiotic) against all 31 isolates but slightly higher than those of vancomycin, a last resort medication for treating severe Gram-positive drug-resistant bacterial infections. Both polymers show low hemolytic activity toward human red blood cells, making them highly selective toward MRSA in vitro. A time-kill study reveals that these polymers have high bactericidal efficiency and eradicate MRSA more rapidly than vancomycin. Results from a resistance development study also attests to the polymers low tendency toward resistance. Furthermore, the in vivo study shows that one of the polymers is highly efficacious in a mouse systemic infection model, and reduced MRSA counts in the blood more promptly than vancomycin. The administration of the polymer to mice further indicates that it did not cause any dysfunctions of liver and kidney as well as blood electrolytes. This is the first example of a polymeric therapeutics for treating systemic MRSA infection. Taken together, the biodegradable antimicrobial polycarbonate may be a better candidate for treating MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Cheng
- Program of Innovative Therapeutics First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Willy Chin
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Huihui Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Liang Xu
- Program of Innovative Therapeutics First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Guansheng Zhong
- Program of Innovative Therapeutics First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Program of Innovative Therapeutics First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; School of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of North Dakota; Grand Forks ND 58203 USA
| | | | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Weimin Fan
- Program of Innovative Therapeutics First Affiliated Hospital; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310003 China
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145
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Alauddin M, Gloaguen E, Brenner V, Tardivel B, Mons M, Zehnacker‐Rentien A, Declerck V, Aitken DJ. Intrinsic Folding Proclivities in Cyclic β‐Peptide Building Blocks: Configuration and Heteroatom Effects Analyzed by Conformer‐Selective Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry. Chemistry 2015; 21:16479-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alauddin
- CEA, Laboratoire Interactions Dynamique et Lasers (LIDyL), Bât. 522, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- CNRS, Laboratoire Francis Perrin URA 2453, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka‐1000 (Bangladesh)
| | - Eric Gloaguen
- CEA, Laboratoire Interactions Dynamique et Lasers (LIDyL), Bât. 522, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- CNRS, Laboratoire Francis Perrin URA 2453, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
| | - Valérie Brenner
- CEA, Laboratoire Interactions Dynamique et Lasers (LIDyL), Bât. 522, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- CNRS, Laboratoire Francis Perrin URA 2453, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
| | - Benjamin Tardivel
- CEA, Laboratoire Interactions Dynamique et Lasers (LIDyL), Bât. 522, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- CNRS, Laboratoire Francis Perrin URA 2453, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
| | - Michel Mons
- CEA, Laboratoire Interactions Dynamique et Lasers (LIDyL), Bât. 522, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
- CNRS, Laboratoire Francis Perrin URA 2453, 91191 Gif‐sur‐Yvette (France)
| | | | - Valérie Declerck
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO, UMR 8182, Université Paris Sud, Bât. 420, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex (France)
| | - David J. Aitken
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO, UMR 8182, Université Paris Sud, Bât. 420, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay cedex (France)
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146
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Ghosh C, Haldar J. Membrane-Active Small Molecules: Designs Inspired by Antimicrobial Peptides. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1606-24. [PMID: 26386345 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to be one of the major contributors to human morbidity. The rapid rate at which pathogenic microorganisms have developed resistance against frontline antimicrobials has compelled scientists to look for new alternatives. Given their vast antimicrobial repertoire, substantial research effort has been dedicated toward the development of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternative drugs. However, inherent limitations of AMPs have driven substantial efforts worldwide to develop synthetic mimics of AMPs. This review focuses on the progress that has been made toward the development of small molecules that emulate the properties of AMPs, both in terms of design and biological activity. Herein we provide an extensive discussion of the structural features of various designs and we examine biological properties that have been exploited. Furthermore, we raise a number of questions for which the field has yet to provide solutions and discuss possible future research directions that remain either unexploited or underexploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandradhish Ghosh
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka (India)
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka (India).
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147
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Mándity IM, Fülöp F. An overview of peptide and peptoid foldamers in medicinal chemistry. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 10:1163-77. [PMID: 26289578 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1076790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Foldamers are artificial self-organizing systems with various critical properties: i) a stable and designable secondary structure; ii) a larger molecular surface as compared with ordinary organic drug molecules; iii) appropriate control of the orientation of the side-chain functional groups; iv) resistance against proteolytic degradation, which leads to potentially increased oral bioavailability and a longer serum half-life relative to ordinary α-peptides; and v) the lower conformational freedom may result in increased receptor binding in comparison with the natural analogs. AREAS COVERED This article covers the general properties and types of foldamers. This includes highlighted examples of medicinal chemical applications, including antibacterial and cargo molecules, anti-Alzheimer compounds and protein-protein interaction modifiers. EXPERT OPINION Various new foldamers have been created with a range of structures and biological applications. Membrane-acting antibacterial foldamers have been introduced. A general property of these structures is their amphiphilic nature. The amphiphilicity can be stationary or induced by the membrane binding. Cell-penetrating foldamers have been described which serve as cargo molecules, and foldamers have been used as autophagy inducers. Anti-Alzheimer compounds too have been created and the greatest breakthrough was attained via the modification of protein-protein interactions. This can serve as the chemical and pharmaceutical basis for the relevance of foldamers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- a University of Szeged Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary +36 62 545 768 ; +36 62 545 564 ; +36 62 545 705 ; ;
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148
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Antimicrobial and antioxidant amphiphilic random copolymers to address medical device-centered infections. Acta Biomater 2015; 22:131-40. [PMID: 25917843 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are known to support a number of human infections, including those related to medical devices. This work is focused on the development of novel dual-function amphiphilic random copolymers to be employed as coatings for medical devices. Particularly, copolymers were obtained by polymerization of an antimicrobial cationic monomer (bearing tertiary amine) and an antioxidant and antimicrobial hydrophobic monomer (containing hydroxytyrosol, HTy). To obtain copolymers with various amphiphilic balance, different molar ratios of the two monomers were used. (1)H NMR and DSC analyses evidenced that HTy aromatic rings are able to interact with each other leading to a supra-macromolecular re-arrangement and decrease the copolymer size in water. All copolymers showed good antioxidant activity and Fe(2+) chelating ability. Cytotoxicity and hemolytic tests evidenced that the amphiphilic balance, cationic charge density and polymer size in solution are key determinants for polymer biocompatibility. As for the antimicrobial properties, the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC = 40 μg/mL) against Staphylococcus epidermidis was shown by the water-soluble copolymer having the highest HTy molar content (0.3). This copolymer layered onto catheter surfaces was also able to prevent staphylococcal adhesion. This approach permits not only prevention of biofilm infections but also reduction of the risk of emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Indeed, the combination of two active compounds in the same polymer can provide a synergistic action against biofilms and suppress reactive species oxygen (ROS), known to promote the occurrence of antibiotic resistance.
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149
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Uppu DSSM, Manjunath GB, Yarlagadda V, Kaviyil JE, Ravikumar R, Paramanandham K, Shome BR, Haldar J. Membrane-active macromolecules resensitize NDM-1 gram-negative clinical isolates to tetracycline antibiotics. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119422. [PMID: 25789871 PMCID: PMC4366164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative 'superbugs' such as New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (blaNDM-1) producing pathogens have become world's major public health threats. Development of molecular strategies that can rehabilitate the 'old antibiotics' and halt the antibiotic resistance is a promising approach to target them. We report membrane-active macromolecules (MAMs) that restore the antibacterial efficacy (enhancement by >80-1250 fold) of tetracycline antibiotics towards blaNDM-1 Klebsiella pneumonia and blaNDM-1 Escherichia coli clinical isolates. Organismic studies showed that bacteria had an increased and faster uptake of tetracycline in the presence of MAMs which is attributed to the mechanism of re-sensitization. Moreover, bacteria did not develop resistance to MAMs and MAMs stalled the development of bacterial resistance to tetracycline. MAMs displayed membrane-active properties such as dissipation of membrane potential and membrane-permeabilization that enabled higher uptake of tetracycline in bacteria. In-vivo toxicity studies displayed good safety profiles and preliminary in-vivo antibacterial efficacy studies showed that mice treated with MAMs in combination with antibiotics had significantly decreased bacterial burden compared to the untreated mice. This report of re-instating the efficacy of the antibiotics towards blaNDM-1 pathogens using membrane-active molecules advocates their potential for synergistic co-delivery of antibiotics to combat Gram-negative superbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divakara S. S. M. Uppu
- Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Goutham B. Manjunath
- Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Venkateswarlu Yarlagadda
- Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Jyothi E. Kaviyil
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Raju Ravikumar
- Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Paramanandham
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Hebbal, Bengaluru, 560024, Karnataka, India
| | - Bibek R. Shome
- National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Hebbal, Bengaluru, 560024, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
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150
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Uppu DSSM, Ghosh C, Haldar J. Surviving sepsis in the era of antibiotic resistance: are there any alternative approaches to antibiotic therapy? Microb Pathog 2015; 80:7-13. [PMID: 25677832 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a serious cause of morbidity in humans, has no proper single medication dedicated to it. In this review, we look at the current treatment modalities, the different approaches attempted towards treating it and alternative approaches that could be implemented to counter this neglected disease condition. The use of antibiotics towards treatment of sepsis, use of combinations and strategies derived from natural antimicrobial peptides have been dealt in detail. The social and technical difficulties associated with treating sepsis and the possible ways of combating them have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divakara S S M Uppu
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandradhish Ghosh
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India.
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