1
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Sake SM, Zhang X, Rajak MK, Urbanek-Quaing M, Carpentier A, Gunesch AP, Grethe C, Matthaei A, Rückert J, Galloux M, Larcher T, Le Goffic R, Hontonnou F, Chatterjee AK, Johnson K, Morwood K, Rox K, Elgaher WAM, Huang J, Wetzke M, Hansen G, Fischer N, Eléouët JF, Rameix-Welti MA, Hirsch AKH, Herold E, Empting M, Lauber C, Schulz TF, Krey T, Haid S, Pietschmann T. Drug repurposing screen identifies lonafarnib as respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein inhibitor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1173. [PMID: 38332002 PMCID: PMC10853176 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45241-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, older adults and the immunocompromised. Effective directly acting antivirals are not yet available for clinical use. To address this, we screen the ReFRAME drug-repurposing library consisting of 12,000 small molecules against RSV. We identify 21 primary candidates including RSV F and N protein inhibitors, five HSP90 and four IMPDH inhibitors. We select lonafarnib, a licensed farnesyltransferase inhibitor, and phase III candidate for hepatitis delta virus (HDV) therapy, for further follow-up. Dose-response analyses and plaque assays confirm the antiviral activity (IC50: 10-118 nM). Passaging of RSV with lonafarnib selects for phenotypic resistance and fixation of mutations in the RSV fusion protein (T335I and T400A). Lentiviral pseudotypes programmed with variant RSV fusion proteins confirm that lonafarnib inhibits RSV cell entry and that these mutations confer lonafarnib resistance. Surface plasmon resonance reveals RSV fusion protein binding of lonafarnib and co-crystallography identifies the lonafarnib binding site within RSV F. Oral administration of lonafarnib dose-dependently reduces RSV virus load in a murine infection model using female mice. Collectively, this work provides an overview of RSV drug repurposing candidates and establishes lonafarnib as a bona fide fusion protein inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja M Sake
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manoj Kumar Rajak
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Melanie Urbanek-Quaing
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arnaud Carpentier
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonia P Gunesch
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Grethe
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Matthaei
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jessica Rückert
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marie Galloux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Ronan Le Goffic
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Katharina Rox
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Center of Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Walid A M Elgaher
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-HZI, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jiabin Huang
- Insitute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Wetzke
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Partner Site Hannover, BREATH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Partner Site Hannover, BREATH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Fischer
- Insitute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles St. Quentin; UMR 1173 (2I), INSERM; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, DMU15, Versailles, France
| | - Anna K H Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-HZI, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, HZI, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Herold
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-HZI, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Chris Lauber
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Krey
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Luebeck-Borstel-Riems, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sibylle Haid
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Pietschmann
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner site Braunschweig-Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, HZI, Braunschweig, Germany.
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2
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Chanda S, Lepikhov K, Dahlem C, Schymik HS, Hoppstädter J, Geber AK, Wagner K, Kessler SM, Empting M, Kiemer AK. Gene Editing and Small Molecule Inhibitors of the RNA Binding Protein IGF2BP2/IMP2 Show its Potential as an Anti-Cancer Drug Target. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:41. [PMID: 38287808 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2901041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RNA-binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2/VICKZ2/p62 is an oncofetal protein that is overexpressed in several cancer entities. Employing IMP2 knockout colorectal cancer cells, we could show the important role of IMP2 in several hallmarks of cancer. This study aimed to functionally characterize IMP2 in lung (A549, LLC1) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2, Huh7) cell lines to assess its role as a potential target for these cancer entities. METHODS IMP2 knockouts were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 and its variant approach prime editing; the editing efficiency of two single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) was verified via next-generation sequencing. We studied the effect of IMP2 knockout on cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration and employed small-molecule inhibitors of IMP2. RESULTS Despite multiple attempts, it was not possible to generate IMP2 biallelic knockouts in A549 and Huh7 cells. Both sgRNAs showed good editing efficiency. However, edited cells lost their ability to proliferate. The attempt to generate an IMP2 biallelic knockout in LLC1 cells using CRISPR/Cas9 was successful. Monoallelic knockout cell lines of IMP2 showed a reduction in 2D cell proliferation and reduced migration. In 3D cultures, a change in morphology from compact spheroids to loose aggregates and a distinct reduction in the colony formation ability of the IMP2 knockouts was observed, an effect that was mimicked by previously identified IMP2 inhibitor compounds that also showed an inhibitory effect on colony formation. CONCLUSIONS Our in vitro target validation supports that IMP2 is essential for tumor cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation in several cancer entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpee Chanda
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Charlotte Dahlem
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hanna S Schymik
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - An-Kristin Geber
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Konrad Wagner
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Halle Research Centre for Drug Therapy (HRCDT), 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Center for Gender-Specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), 66421 Homburg, Germany
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3
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Zhang T, Potgieter TI, Kosche E, Rückert J, Ostermann E, Schulz T, Empting M, Brune W. Thioxothiazolo[3,4-a]quinazoline derivatives inhibit the human cytomegalovirus alkaline nuclease. Antiviral Res 2023; 217:105696. [PMID: 37541625 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, human herpesvirus 5) is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for serious disease in immunocompromised patients. Current antiviral therapies rely predominantly on drugs interfering with viral DNA replication and packaging. However, the serious side effects of existing drugs and the emergence of drug resistance indicate the need for new targets for anti-HCMV therapy. One such target is the viral alkaline nuclease (AN), an enzyme highly conserved among the Herpesviridae. In this study, we validated the HCMV AN, encoded by the viral UL98 open reading frame, as a drug target by demonstrating that a UL98-deficient HCMV mutant is severely attenuated and shows a reduced ability to spread in cell culture. We established a fluorescence-based enzyme assay suitable for high-throughput screening and used it on a small-molecule compound library. The most promising hit, a thioxothiazolo[3,4-a]quinazoline derivative, blocked AN activity in vitro and inhibited HCMV replication in plaque reduction (PRA) and fluorescence reduction assays (FRA). Several derivatives of the hit compound were tested, some of which had similar or better inhibitory activities. The most potent derivative of hit scaffold A, compound AD-51, inhibited HCMV replication with a 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 0.9 μM in the FRA and 1.1 μM in the PRA. AD-51 was also active against ganciclovir, foscarnet, and letermovir-resistant HCMVs. Moreover, it inhibited herpes simplex virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, and murine CMV, a mouse virus serving as a model for HCMV. These results suggest that thioxothiazolo[3,4-a]quinazoline derivatives are a new class of herpesvirus inhibitors targeting the viral AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Theodore I Potgieter
- Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
| | - Erik Kosche
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jessica Rückert
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany; Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Schulz
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany; Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wolfram Brune
- Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany.
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4
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Wu Y, Zoller BGE, Kamal MAM, Hotop SK, Lehr CM, Brönstrup M, Dersch P, Empting M. Establishment of an In Bacterio Assay for the Assessment of Carbon Storage Regulator A (CsrA) Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300369. [PMID: 37435861 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymicrobial infections involving various combinations of microorganisms, such as Escherichia, Pseudomonas, or Yersinia, can lead to acute and chronic diseases in for example the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Our aim is to modulate microbial communities by targeting the posttranscriptional regulator system called carbon storage regulator A (CsrA) (or also repressor of secondary metabolites (RsmA)). In previous studies, we identified easily accessible CsrA binding scaffolds and macrocyclic CsrA binding peptides through biophysical screening and phage display technology. However, due to the lack of an appropriate in bacterio assay to evaluate the cellular effects of these inhibitor hits, the focus of the present study is to establish an in bacterio assay capable of probing and quantifying the impact on CsrA-regulated cellular mechanisms. We have successfully developed an assay based on a luciferase reporter gene assay, which in combination with a qPCR expression gene assay, allows for the monitoring of expression levels of different downstream targets of CsrA. The chaperone protein CesT was used as a suitable positive control for the assay, and in time-dependent experiments, we observed a CesT-mediated increase in bioluminescence over time. By this means, the cellular on-target effects of non-bactericidal/non-bacteriostatic virulence modulating compounds targeting CsrA/RsmA can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Wu
- Department of Antiviral & Antivirulence Drugs (AVID), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ben G E Zoller
- Department of Antiviral & Antivirulence Drugs (AVID), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ashraf Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Drug Delivery (DDEL), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sven-Kevin Hotop
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery (DDEL), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Institute of Infectiology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Antiviral & Antivirulence Drugs (AVID), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany
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5
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Berwanger A, Stein SC, Kany AM, Gartner M, Loretz B, Lehr CM, Hirsch AKH, Schulz TF, Empting M. Disrupting Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Latent Replication with a Small Molecule Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10782-10790. [PMID: 37506283 PMCID: PMC10424179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) can establish latent lifelong infections in infected individuals. During viral latency, the latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) mediates the replication of the latent viral genome in dividing cells and tethers them to mitotic chromosomes, thus ensuring their partitioning into daughter cells during mitosis. This study aims to inhibit Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latent replication by targeting the LANA-DNA interaction using small molecular entities. Drawing from first-generation inhibitors and using growth vectors identified through STD-NMR, we expanded these compounds using Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. This led to a deeper understanding of SAR achieved by microscale thermophoresis (MST) measurements and cell-free tests via electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). Our most potent compounds successfully inhibit LANA-mediated replication in cell-based assays and demonstrate favorable in vitro ADMET-profiles, including suitable metabolic stability, Caco-2 permeability, and cytotoxicity. These compounds could serve as qualified leads for the future refinement of small molecule inhibitors of KSHV latent replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Berwanger
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner
Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Saskia C. Stein
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner
Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Institute
of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover
Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.
1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Kany
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Melissa Gartner
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover
Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.
1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner
Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Institute
of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover
Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.
1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute
for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner
Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover
Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.
1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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6
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Hamed MM, Abdelsamie AS, Rox K, Schütz C, Kany AM, Röhrig T, Schmelz S, Blankenfeldt W, Arce‐Rodriguez A, Borrero‐de Acuña JM, Jahn D, Rademacher J, Ringshausen FC, Cramer N, Tümmler B, Hirsch AKH, Hartmann RW, Empting M. Towards Translation of PqsR Inverse Agonists: From In Vitro Efficacy Optimization to In Vivo Proof-of-Principle. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2204443. [PMID: 36596691 PMCID: PMC9929129 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is an opportunistic human pathogen, which is involved in a wide range of dangerous infections. It develops alarming resistances toward antibiotic treatment. Therefore, alternative strategies, which suppress pathogenicity or synergize with antibiotic treatments are in great need to combat these infections more effectively. One promising approach is to disarm the bacteria by interfering with their quorum sensing (QS) system, which regulates the release of various virulence factors as well as biofilm formation. Herein, this work reports the rational design, optimization, and in-depth profiling of a new class of Pseudomonas quinolone signaling receptor (PqsR) inverse agonists. The resulting frontrunner compound features a pyrimidine-based scaffold, high in vitro and in vivo efficacy, favorable pharmacokinetics as well as clean safety pharmacology characteristics, which provide the basis for potential pulmonary as well as systemic routes of administration. An X-ray crystal structure in complex with PqsR facilitated further structure-guided lead optimization. The compound demonstrates potent pyocyanin suppression, synergizes with aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin against PA biofilms, and is active against a panel of clinical isolates from bronchiectasis patients. Importantly, this in vitro effect translated into in vivo efficacy in a neutropenic thigh infection model in mice providing a proof-of-principle for adjunctive treatment scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. Hamed
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Ahmed S. Abdelsamie
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial ProductsInstitute of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries ResearchNational Research CentreEl‐Buhouth St.DokkiCairo12622Egypt
| | - Katharina Rox
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of Chemical Biology (CBIO)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)Inhoffenstr. 7 Braunschweig38124SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Christian Schütz
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Andreas M. Kany
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Teresa Röhrig
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Stefan Schmelz
- Department of Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)Inhoffenstr. 7 Braunschweig38124SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Department of Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)Inhoffenstr. 7 Braunschweig38124SaarbrückenGermany
- Institute for BiochemistryBiotechnology and BioinformaticsTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | | | - José Manuel Borrero‐de Acuña
- Institute of MicrobiologyTechnische Universität Braunschweig38106BraunschweigGermany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS)Technische Universität Braunschweig38106BraunschweigGermany
- Departamento de MicrobiologíaFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaAv. de la Reina Mercedesno. 6SevillaCP 41012Spain
| | - Dieter Jahn
- Institute of MicrobiologyTechnische Universität Braunschweig38106BraunschweigGermany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS)Technische Universität Braunschweig38106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Jessica Rademacher
- Department for Respiratory MedicineMedizinische Hochschule HannoverCarl‐Neuberg‐Str. 130625HannoverGermany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH)German Center for Lung Research (DZL)30625HannoverGermany
| | - Felix C. Ringshausen
- Department for Respiratory MedicineMedizinische Hochschule HannoverCarl‐Neuberg‐Str. 130625HannoverGermany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH)German Center for Lung Research (DZL)30625HannoverGermany
- European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Respiratory Diseases (ERN‐ LUNG)FrankfurtGermany
| | - Nina Cramer
- Department for Pediatric PneumologyAllergology and NeonatologyMedizinische Hochschule HannoverCarl‐Neuberg‐Str. 130625HannoverGermany
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH)German Center for Lung Research (DZL)30625HannoverGermany
- Department for Pediatric PneumologyAllergology and NeonatologyMedizinische Hochschule HannoverCarl‐Neuberg‐Str. 130625HannoverGermany
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‐Braunschweig Saarbrücken66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.166123SaarbrückenGermany
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7
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Sousa CF, Kamal MAM, Richter R, Elamaldeniya K, Hartmann RW, Empting M, Lehr CM, Kalinina OV. Modeling the Effect of Hydrophobicity on the Passive Permeation of Solutes across a Bacterial Model Membrane. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:5023-5033. [PMID: 36214845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Passive diffusion across biomembranes is an important mechanism of permeation for multiple drugs, including antibiotics. However, this process is frequently neglected while studying drug uptake and, in our view, warrants further investigation. Here, we apply molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the impact of changes in molecular hydrophobicity on the permeability of a series of inhibitors of the quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, previously discovered by us, across a membrane model. Overall, we show that permeation across this membrane model does not correlate with the molecule's hydrophobicity. We demonstrate that using a simple model for permeation, based on the difference between the maximum and minimum of the free energy profile, outperforms the inhomogeneous solubility-diffusion model, yielding a permeability ranking that better agrees with the experimental results, especially for hydrophobic permeants. The calculated differences in permeability could not explain differences in in bacterio activity. Nevertheless, substantial differences in molecular orientation along the permeation pathway correlate with the in bacterio activity, emphasizing the importance of analyzing, at an atomistic level, the permeation pathway of these solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla F Sousa
- Drug Bioinformatics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Department of Biological Barriers and Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Mohamed A M Kamal
- Department of Biological Barriers and Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Robert Richter
- Department of Biological Barriers and Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Kalanika Elamaldeniya
- Department of Biological Barriers and Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Antiviral & Antivirulence Drugs Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Biological Barriers and Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany
| | - Olga V Kalinina
- Drug Bioinformatics Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken66123, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Saarland University, Homburg66421, Germany
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8
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Creutznacher R, Maass T, Veselkova B, Ssebyatika G, Krey T, Empting M, Tautz N, Frank M, Kölbel K, Uetrecht C, Peters T. NMR Experiments Provide Insights into Ligand-Binding to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13060-13065. [PMID: 35830336 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have used chemical shift perturbation (CSP) and saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR experiments to identify and characterize the binding of selected ligands to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike glycoprotein (S-protein) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We also subjected full-length S-protein to STD NMR experiments, allowing correlations with RBD-based results. CSPs reveal the binding sites for heparin and fondaparinux, and affinities were measured using CSP titrations. We then show that α-2,3-sialyllactose binds to the S-protein but not to the RBD. Finally, combined CSP and STD NMR experiments show that lifitegrast, a compound used for the treatment of dry eye, binds to the linoleic acid (LA) binding pocket with a dissociation constant in the μM range. This is an interesting finding, as lifitegrast lends itself well as a blueprint for medicinal chemistry, eventually furnishing novel entry inhibitors targeting the highly conserved LA binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Creutznacher
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thorben Maass
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Barbora Veselkova
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - George Ssebyatika
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Krey
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Antiviral & Antivirulence Drugs (AVID), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Norbert Tautz
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Virology and Cell Biology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martin Frank
- Biognos AB, Generatorsgatan 1, P.O. Box 8963, SE-402 74 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Knut Kölbel
- CSSB Center for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV) & Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Uetrecht
- CSSB Center for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV) & Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,School of Life Sciences, University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Thomas Peters
- Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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9
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Dahlem C, Abuhaliema A, Kessler SM, Kröhler T, Zoller BGE, Chanda S, Wu Y, Both S, Müller F, Lepikhov K, Kirsch SH, Laggai S, Müller R, Empting M, Kiemer AK. First Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein IGF2BP2/IMP2 for Cancer Therapy. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:361-375. [PMID: 35023719 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2/VICKZ2/p62 is overexpressed in several tumor entities, promotes tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and has been suggested to worsen the disease outcome. The aim of this study is to (I) validate IMP2 as a potential target for colorectal cancer, (II) set up a screening assay for small-molecule inhibitors of IMP2, and (III) test the biological activity of the obtained hit compounds. Analyses of colorectal and liver cancer gene expression data showed reduced survival in patients with a high IMP2 expression and in patients with a higher IMP2 expression in advanced tumors. In vitro target validation in 2D and 3D cell cultures demonstrated a reduction in cell viability, migration, and proliferation in IMP2 knockout cells. Also, xenotransplant tumor cell growth in vivo was significantly reduced in IMP2 knockouts. Different compound libraries were screened for IMP2 inhibitors using a fluorescence polarization assay, and the results were confirmed by the thermal shift assay and saturation-transfer difference NMR. Ten compounds, which belong to two classes, that is, benzamidobenzoic acid class and ureidothiophene class, were validated in vitro and showed a biological target specificity. The three most active compounds were also tested in vivo and exhibited reduced tumor xenograft growth in zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our findings support that IMP2 represents a druggable target to reduce tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dahlem
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Ali Abuhaliema
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Sonja M. Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Experimental Pharmacology for Natural Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle 06108, Germany
| | - Tarek Kröhler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Ben G. E. Zoller
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Shilpee Chanda
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Yingwen Wu
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Simon Both
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Fabian Müller
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | | | - Susanne H. Kirsch
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
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10
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Horstmann JC, Laric A, Boese A, Yildiz D, Röhrig T, Empting M, Frank N, Krug D, Müller R, Schneider-Daum N, de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz C, Lehr CM. Transferring Microclusters of P. aeruginosa Biofilms to the Air-Liquid Interface of Bronchial Epithelial Cells for Repeated Deposition of Aerosolized Tobramycin. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:137-149. [PMID: 34919390 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As an alternative to technically demanding and ethically debatable animal models, the use of organotypic and disease-relevant human cell culture models may improve the throughput, speed, and success rate for the translation of novel anti-infectives into the clinic. Besides bacterial killing, host cell viability and barrier function appear as relevant but seldomly measured readouts. Moreover, bacterial virulence factors and signaling molecules are typically not addressed in current cell culture models. Here, we describe a reproducible protocol for cultivating barrier-forming human bronchial epithelial cell monolayers on Transwell inserts and infecting them with microclusters of pre-grown mature Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms under the air-liquid interface conditions. Bacterial growth and quorum sensing molecules were determined upon tobramycin treatment. The host cell response was simultaneously assessed through cell viability, epithelial barrier function, and cytokine release. By repeated deposition of aerosolized tobramycin after 1, 24, and 48 h, bacterial growth was controlled (reduction from 10 to 4 log10 CFU/mL), which leads to epithelial cell survival for up to 72 h. E-cadherin's cell-cell adhesion protein expression was preserved with the consecutive treatment, and quorum sensing molecules were reduced. However, the bacteria could not be eradicated and epithelial barrier function was impaired, similar to the currently observed situation in the clinic in lack of more efficient anti-infective therapies. Such a human-based in vitro approach has the potential for the preclinical development of novel anti-infectives and nanoscale delivery systems for oral inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus C. Horstmann
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annabelle Laric
- Center for Molecular Signaling, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstr./Geb. 46, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Annette Boese
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Daniela Yildiz
- Center for Molecular Signaling, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstr./Geb. 46, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Röhrig
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicolas Frank
- Department of Microbial Natural Products (MINS), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Daniel Krug
- Department of Microbial Natural Products (MINS), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products (MINS), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Schneider-Daum
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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11
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Jakob V, Zoller BG, Rinkes J, Wu Y, Kiefer AF, Hust M, Polten S, White AM, Harvey PJ, Durek T, Craik DJ, Siebert A, Kazmaier U, Empting M. Phage display-based discovery of cyclic peptides against the broad spectrum bacterial anti-virulence target CsrA. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Schütz C, Hodzic A, Hamed M, Abdelsamie AS, Kany AM, Bauer M, Röhrig T, Schmelz S, Scrima A, Blankenfeldt W, Empting M. Divergent synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridines as virulence-attenuating inverse agonists targeting PqsR. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113797. [PMID: 34520957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A short and divergent route towards new derivatives of 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridines as potent inverse agonists of the bacterial target PqsR against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections is described. This Gram-negative pathogen causes severe nosocomial infections and common antibiotic treatment options are rendered ineffective due to resistance issues. Based on an earlier identified optimized hit, we conducted derivatization and rigidification attempts employing two central building blocks. The western part of the molecule is built up via a 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine head group equipped with a terminal alkyne. The eastern section is then introduced through aryliode motifs exploiting Sonogashira as well as Suzuki-type chemistry. Subsequent modification provided quick access to an array of compounds, allowed for deep SAR insights, and enabled to optimize the hit scaffold into a lead structure of nanomolar potency combined with favorable in vitro ADME/T features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schütz
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Amir Hodzic
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mostafa Hamed
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ahmed S Abdelsamie
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andreas M Kany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bauer
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Teresa Röhrig
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmelz
- Department of Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrea Scrima
- Department of Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Department of Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany; Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute for Biochemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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13
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Miethke M, Pieroni M, Weber T, Brönstrup M, Hammann P, Halby L, Arimondo PB, Glaser P, Aigle B, Bode HB, Moreira R, Li Y, Luzhetskyy A, Medema MH, Pernodet JL, Stadler M, Tormo JR, Genilloud O, Truman AW, Weissman KJ, Takano E, Sabatini S, Stegmann E, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Wohlleben W, Seemann M, Empting M, Hirsch AKH, Loretz B, Lehr CM, Titz A, Herrmann J, Jaeger T, Alt S, Hesterkamp T, Winterhalter M, Schiefer A, Pfarr K, Hoerauf A, Graz H, Graz M, Lindvall M, Ramurthy S, Karlén A, van Dongen M, Petkovic H, Keller A, Peyrane F, Donadio S, Fraisse L, Piddock LJV, Gilbert IH, Moser HE, Müller R. Towards the sustainable discovery and development of new antibiotics. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:726-749. [PMID: 37118182 PMCID: PMC8374425 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An ever-increasing demand for novel antimicrobials to treat life-threatening infections caused by the global spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens stands in stark contrast to the current level of investment in their development, particularly in the fields of natural-product-derived and synthetic small molecules. New agents displaying innovative chemistry and modes of action are desperately needed worldwide to tackle the public health menace posed by antimicrobial resistance. Here, our consortium presents a strategic blueprint to substantially improve our ability to discover and develop new antibiotics. We propose both short-term and long-term solutions to overcome the most urgent limitations in the various sectors of research and funding, aiming to bridge the gap between academic, industrial and political stakeholders, and to unite interdisciplinary expertise in order to efficiently fuel the translational pipeline for the benefit of future generations. ![]()
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat to public health and encouraging the development of new antimicrobials is one of the most important ways to address the problem. This Roadmap article aims to bring together industrial, academic and political partners, and proposes both short-term and long-term solutions to this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Miethke
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marco Pieroni
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Chemical Biology (CBIO), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Hammann
- Infectious Diseases & Natural Product Research at EVOTEC, and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ludovic Halby
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, UMR n°3523, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, UMR n°3523, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Glaser
- Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Microbiology Department, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3525, Paris, France
| | | | - Helge B Bode
- Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Natural Products in Organismic Interactions, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rui Moreira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Yanyan Li
- Unit MCAM, CNRS, National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), Paris, France
| | - Andriy Luzhetskyy
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marnix H Medema
- Bioinformatics Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Luc Pernodet
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC) & Microbiology Department, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc Stadler
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Microbial Drugs (MWIS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrew W Truman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Kira J Weissman
- Molecular and Structural Enzymology Group, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
| | - Eriko Takano
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Sabatini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Evi Stegmann
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wohlleben
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Microbiology/Biotechnology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Myriam Seemann
- Institute for Chemistry UMR 7177, University of Strasbourg/CNRS, ITI InnoVec, Strasbourg, France
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anna K H Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Timo Jaeger
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Silke Alt
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea Schiefer
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kenneth Pfarr
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heather Graz
- Biophys Ltd., Usk, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Graz
- School of Law, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Anders Karlén
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Hrvoje Petkovic
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, University Hospital, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | - Laurent Fraisse
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura J V Piddock
- The Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ian H Gilbert
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz E Moser
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Emeryville, CA USA
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8.1, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
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14
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Schütz C, Ho D, Hamed MM, Abdelsamie AS, Röhrig T, Herr C, Kany AM, Rox K, Schmelz S, Siebenbürger L, Wirth M, Börger C, Yahiaoui S, Bals R, Scrima A, Blankenfeldt W, Horstmann JC, Christmann R, Murgia X, Koch M, Berwanger A, Loretz B, Hirsch AKH, Hartmann RW, Lehr C, Empting M. A New PqsR Inverse Agonist Potentiates Tobramycin Efficacy to Eradicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:e2004369. [PMID: 34165899 PMCID: PMC8224453 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections can be notoriously difficult to treat and are often accompanied by the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) acting on PqsR (MvfR) - a crucial transcriptional regulator serving major functions in PA virulence - can enhance antibiotic efficacy and eventually prevent the AMR. An integrated drug discovery campaign including design, medicinal chemistry-driven hit-to-lead optimization and in-depth biological profiling of a new QSI generation is reported. The QSI possess excellent activity in inhibiting pyocyanin production and PqsR reporter-gene with IC50 values as low as 200 and 11 × 10-9 m, respectively. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) as well as safety pharmacology studies especially highlight the promising translational properties of the lead QSI for pulmonary applications. Moreover, target engagement of the lead QSI is shown in a PA mucoid lung infection mouse model. Beyond that, a significant synergistic effect of a QSI-tobramycin (Tob) combination against PA biofilms using a tailor-made squalene-derived nanoparticle (NP) formulation, which enhance the minimum biofilm eradicating concentration (MBEC) of Tob more than 32-fold is demonstrated. The novel lead QSI and the accompanying NP formulation highlight the potential of adjunctive pathoblocker-mediated therapy against PA infections opening up avenues for preclinical development.
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15
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Kirsch P, Stein SC, Berwanger A, Rinkes J, Jakob V, Schulz TF, Empting M. Hit-to-lead optimization of a latency-associated nuclear antigen inhibitor against Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infections. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Ho D, Murgia X, De Rossi C, Christmann R, Hüfner de Mello Martins AG, Koch M, Andreas A, Herrmann J, Müller R, Empting M, Hartmann RW, Desmaele D, Loretz B, Couvreur P, Lehr C. Cover Picture: Squalenyl Hydrogen Sulfate Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Delivery of Tobramycin and an Alkylquinolone Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Enable the Eradication of
P. aeruginosa
Biofilm Infections (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 26/2020). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duy‐Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Department of Bioengineering School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Kusudama Therapeutics Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Chiara De Rossi
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rebekka Christmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | | | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Anastasia Andreas
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Didier Desmaele
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Claus‐Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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17
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Ho D, Murgia X, De Rossi C, Christmann R, Hüfner de Mello Martins AG, Koch M, Andreas A, Herrmann J, Müller R, Empting M, Hartmann RW, Desmaele D, Loretz B, Couvreur P, Lehr C. Titelbild: Squalenyl Hydrogen Sulfate Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Delivery of Tobramycin and an Alkylquinolone Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Enable the Eradication of
P. aeruginosa
Biofilm Infections (Angew. Chem. 26/2020). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duy‐Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Department of Bioengineering School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Kusudama Therapeutics Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Chiara De Rossi
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rebekka Christmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | | | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Anastasia Andreas
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Didier Desmaele
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Claus‐Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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18
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Ho D, Murgia X, De Rossi C, Christmann R, Hüfner de Mello Martins AG, Koch M, Andreas A, Herrmann J, Müller R, Empting M, Hartmann RW, Desmaele D, Loretz B, Couvreur P, Lehr C. Squalenyl Hydrogen Sulfate Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Delivery of Tobramycin and an Alkylquinolone Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Enable the Eradication of
P. aeruginosa
Biofilm Infections. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duy‐Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Department of Bioengineering School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Current address: Kusudama Therapeutics Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Chiara De Rossi
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rebekka Christmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | | | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Anastasia Andreas
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Didier Desmaele
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Faculté de Pharmacie Institut Galien Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612 92296 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Claus‐Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland Helmholtz Center for Infection Research 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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19
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Ho DK, Murgia X, De Rossi C, Christmann R, Hüfner de Mello Martins AG, Koch M, Andreas A, Herrmann J, Müller R, Empting M, Hartmann RW, Desmaele D, Loretz B, Couvreur P, Lehr CM. Squalenyl Hydrogen Sulfate Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Delivery of Tobramycin and an Alkylquinolone Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Enable the Eradication of P. aeruginosa Biofilm Infections. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10292-10296. [PMID: 32243047 PMCID: PMC7317969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections is challenging to accomplish with antibiotic therapies, mainly due to resistance mechanisms. Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) interfering with biofilm formation can thus complement antibiotics. For simultaneous and improved delivery of both active agents to the infection sites, self‐assembling nanoparticles of a newly synthesized squalenyl hydrogen sulfate (SqNPs) were prepared. These nanocarriers allowed for remarkably high loading capacities of hydrophilic antibiotic tobramycin (Tob) and a novel lipophilic QSI at 30 % and circa 10 %, respectively. The drug‐loaded SqNPs showed improved biofilm penetration and enhanced efficacy in relevant biological barriers (mucin/human tracheal mucus, biofilm), leading to complete eradication of PA biofilms at circa 16‐fold lower Tob concentration than Tob alone. This study offers a viable therapy optimization and invigorates the research and development of QSIs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy-Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Current address: Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Current address: Kusudama Therapeutics, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Chiara De Rossi
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rebekka Christmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Koch
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anastasia Andreas
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Didier Desmaele
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Institut Galien Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Institut Galien Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR CNRS 8612, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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20
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Kirsch P, Jakob V, Elgaher WAM, Walt C, Oberhausen K, Schulz TF, Empting M. Discovery of Novel Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Inhibitors as Antiviral Agents Against Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:388-395. [PMID: 31944659 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to develop novel antiviral agents against Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV), we are targeting the latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). This protein plays an important role in viral genome maintenance during latent infection. LANA has the ability to tether the viral genome to the host nucleosomes and, thus, ensures latent persistence of the viral genome in the host cells. By inhibition of the LANA-DNA interaction, we seek to eliminate or reduce the load of the viral DNA in the host. To achieve this goal, we screened our in-house library using a dedicated fluorescence polarization (FP)-based competition assay, which allows for the quantification of LANA-DNA-interaction inhibition by small organic molecules. We successfully identified three different compound classes capable of disrupting this protein-nucleic acid interaction. We characterized these compounds by IC50 dose-response evaluation and confirmed the compound-LANA interaction using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, two of the three hit scaffolds showed only marginal cytotoxicity in two human cell lines. Finally, we conducted STD-NMR competition experiments with our new hit compounds and a previously described fragment-sized inhibitor. Based on these results, future compound linking approaches could serve as a promising strategy for further optimization studies in order to generate highly potent KSHV inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philine Kirsch
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Valentin Jakob
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Walid A. M. Elgaher
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christine Walt
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kevin Oberhausen
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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21
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Zender M, Witzgall F, Kiefer A, Kirsch B, Maurer CK, Kany AM, Xu N, Schmelz S, Börger C, Blankenfeldt W, Empting M. Front Cover: Flexible Fragment Growing Boosts Potency of Quorum‐Sensing Inhibitors against
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Virulence (ChemMedChem 2/2020). ChemMedChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zender
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Florian Witzgall
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Inhoffenstr. 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Alexander Kiefer
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Benjamin Kirsch
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Christine K. Maurer
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Andreas M. Kany
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Ningna Xu
- Lehrstuhl für BiochemieUniversität Bayreuth Universitätsstr. 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Stefan Schmelz
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Inhoffenstr. 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Carsten Börger
- PharmBioTec GmbH Science Park 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Inhoffenstr. 7 38124 Braunschweig Germany
- Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute for BiochemistryTechnische Universität Braunschweig Spielmannstr. 7 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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22
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Zender M, Witzgall F, Kiefer A, Kirsch B, Maurer CK, Kany AM, Xu N, Schmelz S, Börger C, Blankenfeldt W, Empting M. Flexible Fragment Growing Boosts Potency of Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:188-194. [PMID: 31709767 PMCID: PMC7004148 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hit-to-lead optimization is a critical phase in drug discovery. Herein, we report on the fragment-based discovery and optimization of 2-aminopyridine derivatives as a novel lead-like structure for the treatment of the dangerous opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We pursue an innovative treatment strategy by interfering with the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) quorum sensing (QS) system leading to an abolishment of bacterial pathogenicity. Our compounds act on the PQS receptor (PqsR), a key transcription factor controlling the expression of various pathogenicity determinants. In this target-driven approach, we made use of biophysical screening via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) followed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC)-enabled enthalpic efficiency (EE) evaluation. Hit optimization then involved growth vector identification and exploitation. Astonishingly, the latter was successfully achieved by introducing flexible linkers rather than rigid motifs leading to a boost in activity on the target receptor and anti-virulence potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zender
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Florian Witzgall
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alexander Kiefer
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kirsch
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christine K Maurer
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas M Kany
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ningna Xu
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmelz
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carsten Börger
- PharmBioTec GmbH, Science Park 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Structure and Function of Proteins (SFPR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.,Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute for Biochemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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23
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Kirsch P, Hartman AM, Hirsch AKH, Empting M. Concepts and Core Principles of Fragment-Based Drug Design. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234309. [PMID: 31779114 PMCID: PMC6930586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, a general introduction to fragment-based drug design and the underlying concepts is given. General considerations and methodologies ranging from library selection/construction over biophysical screening and evaluation methods to in-depth hit qualification and subsequent optimization strategies are discussed. These principles can be generally applied to most classes of drug targets. The examples given for fragment growing, merging, and linking strategies at the end of the review are set in the fields of enzyme-inhibitor design and macromolecule–macromolecule interaction inhibition. Building upon the foundation of fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) and its methodologies, we also highlight a few new trends in FBDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philine Kirsch
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.K.); (A.M.H.); (A.K.H.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alwin M. Hartman
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.K.); (A.M.H.); (A.K.H.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.K.); (A.M.H.); (A.K.H.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (P.K.); (A.M.H.); (A.K.H.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-681-988-062-031
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24
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Hollenhorst MI, Jurastow I, Nandigama R, Appenzeller S, Li L, Vogel J, Wiederhold S, Althaus M, Empting M, Altmüller J, Hirsch AKH, Flockerzi V, Canning BJ, Saliba A, Krasteva‐Christ G. Tracheal brush cells release acetylcholine in response to bitter tastants for paracrine and autocrine signaling. FASEB J 2019; 34:316-332. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901314rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Innokentij Jurastow
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Justus‐Liebig‐University of Giessen Giessen Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (CS) University Hospital Charité Humboldt University of Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Lei Li
- Core Unit SysMed University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Jörg Vogel
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA‐based Infection Research (HIRI) Helmholtz‐Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Würzburg Germany
| | - Stephanie Wiederhold
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Justus‐Liebig‐University of Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Mike Althaus
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)‐Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Centre for Genomics University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) Helmholtz‐Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)‐Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology/PZMS Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Brendan J. Canning
- Department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
| | - Antoine‐Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA‐based Infection Research (HIRI) Helmholtz‐Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Würzburg Germany
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25
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Kiefer A, Bader CD, Held J, Esser A, Rybniker J, Empting M, Müller R, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of New Cyclomarin Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation towards
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
and
Plasmodium Falciparum. Chemistry 2019; 25:8894-8902. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kiefer
- Organic ChemistrySaarland University Campus C4.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Chantal D. Bader
- Department Microbial Natural Products (MINS)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jana Held
- Department of Tropical MedicineUniversity of Tübingen Wilhelmstraße 27 72074 Tübingen Germany
| | - Anna Esser
- Center for Molecular Medicine CologneUniversity of Cologne Robert Koch Str. 21 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Jan Rybniker
- Department I of Internal MedicineUniversity of Cologne 50937 Cologne (Germany) and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products (MINS)Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of PharmacySaarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic ChemistrySaarland University Campus C4.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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26
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Kirsch P, Jakob V, Oberhausen K, Stein SC, Cucarro I, Schulz TF, Empting M. Fragment-Based Discovery of a Qualified Hit Targeting the Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen of the Oncogenic Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3924-3939. [PMID: 30888817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) is required for latent replication and persistence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8. It acts via replicating and tethering the virus episome to the host chromatin and exerts other functions. We conceived a new approach for the discovery of antiviral drugs to inhibit the interaction between LANA and the viral genome. We applied a biophysical screening cascade and identified the first LANA binders from small, structurally diverse compound libraries. Starting from a fragment-sized scaffold, we generated optimized hits via fragment growing using a dedicated fluorescence-polarization-based assay as the structure-activity-relationship driver. We improved compound potency to the double-digit micromolar range. Importantly, we qualified the resulting hit through orthogonal methods employing EMSA, STD-NMR, and MST methodologies. This optimized hit provides an ideal starting point for subsequent hit-to-lead campaigns providing evident target-binding, suitable ligand efficiencies, and favorable physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philine Kirsch
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Valentin Jakob
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Kevin Oberhausen
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Saskia C Stein
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Institute of Virology , Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1 , 30625 Hannover , Germany
| | - Ivano Cucarro
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
| | - Thomas F Schulz
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Institute of Virology , Hannover Medical School , Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1 , 30625 Hannover , Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP) , Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
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27
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Kamal AAM, Habib M, Haupenthal J, Hartmann RW, Empting M. Hit evaluation of an α-helical peptide: Ala-scan, truncation and sidechain-to-sidechain macrocyclization of an RNA polymerase Inhibitor. Biol Chem 2019; 400:333-342. [PMID: 30657738 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA polymerase (RNAP) remains a relatively underexplored target with only rifampicin and fidaxomicin in clinical use. Hence, the concurrent rise in bacterial resistance rate urges the search for novel RNAP inhibitors with a novel mode of action. In this work, we investigated the impact of several systematic modifications including sidechain-to-sidechain macrocylization in the α-helical content and biological activity of a previously identified inhibitory sigma factor fragment. Ala-scan results, peptide truncation from both the N- and C-terminus and modifications inspired by other RNAP inhibitors revealed novel structure activity relationships but did not yield a superior sequence. Additionally, four insertion points for non-natural amino acids bearing side chains required for macrocylization were explored. Linear precursors showed improved stabilization of the α-helical content compared to the original sequence as demonstrated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. However, this increase in α-helicity did not translate into improved biological activity. Instead, complete abolishment of RNAP inhibitory activity occurred. We hypothesize three possible reasons for such a discrepancy and offer the basis for further optimization efforts for this peptidic RNAP inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ashraf Moustafa Kamal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Monica Habib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt.,Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Joerg Haupenthal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Wolfgang Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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28
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Schütz C, Empting M. Targeting the Pseudomonas quinolone signal quorum sensing system for the discovery of novel anti-infective pathoblockers. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2627-2645. [PMID: 30410625 PMCID: PMC6204780 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes severe nosocomial infections. It uses quorum sensing (QS) to regulate and coordinate population-wide group behaviours in the infection process like concerted secretion of virulence factors. One very important signalling network is the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) QS. With the aim to devise novel and innovative anti-infectives, inhibitors have been designed to address the various potential drug targets present within pqs QS. These range from enzymes within the biosynthesis cascade of the signal molecules PqsABCDE to the receptor of these autoinducers PqsR (MvfR). This review shortly introduces P. aeruginosa and its pathogenicity traits regulated by the pqs system and highlights the published drug discovery efforts providing insights into the compound binding modes if available. Furthermore, suitability of the individual targets for pathoblocker design is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schütz
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Department of Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Saarbrücken, Germany
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29
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Kany AM, Sikandar A, Yahiaoui S, Haupenthal J, Walter I, Empting M, Köhnke J, Hartmann RW. Tackling Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence by a Hydroxamic Acid-Based LasB Inhibitor. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2449-2455. [PMID: 30088919 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In search of novel antibiotics to combat the challenging spread of resistant pathogens, bacterial proteases represent promising targets for pathoblocker development. A common motif for protease inhibitors is the hydroxamic acid function, yet this group has often been related to unspecific inhibition of various metalloproteases. In this work, the inhibition of LasB, a harmful zinc metalloprotease secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, through a hydroxamate derivative is described. The present inhibitor was developed based on a recently reported, highly selective thiol scaffold. Using X-ray crystallography, the lack of inhibition of a range of human matrix metalloproteases could be attributed to a distinct binding mode sparing the S1' pocket. The inhibitor was shown to restore the effect of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, decrease the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm and, for the first time for a LasB inhibitor, reduce the release of extracellular DNA. Hence, it is capable of disrupting several important bacterial resistance mechanisms. These results highlight the potential of protease inhibitors to fight bacterial infections and point out the possibility to achieve selective inhibition even with a strong zinc anchor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Kany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Asfandyar Sikandar
- Workgroup Structural Biology of Biosynthetic Enzymes, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Samir Yahiaoui
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Isabell Walter
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jesko Köhnke
- Workgroup Structural Biology of Biosynthetic Enzymes, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Graef F, Richter R, Fetz V, Murgia X, De Rossi C, Schneider-Daum N, Allegretta G, Elgaher W, Haupenthal J, Empting M, Beckmann F, Brönstrup M, Hartmann R, Gordon S, Lehr CM. In Vitro Model of the Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Envelope for Investigation of Anti-Infective Permeation Kinetics. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1188-1196. [PMID: 29750862 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria is a formidable biological barrier, inhibiting the action of antibiotics by impeding their permeation into the intracellular environment. In-depth understanding of permeation through this barrier remains a challenge, despite its critical role in antibiotic activity. We therefore designed a divisible in vitro permeation model of the Gram-negative bacterial cell envelope, mimicking its three essential structural elements, the inner membrane and the periplasmic space as well as the outer membrane, on a Transwell setup. The model was characterized by contemporary imaging techniques and employed to generate reproducible quantitative and time-resolved permeation data for various fluorescent probes and anti-infective molecules of different structure and physicochemical properties. For a set of three fluorescent probes, the permeation through the overall membrane model was found to correlate with in bacterio permeation. Even more interestingly, for a set of six Pseudomonas quorum sensing inhibitors, such permeability data were found to be predictive for their corresponding in bacterio activities. Further exploration of the capabilities of the overall model yielded a correlation between the permeability of porin-independent antibiotics and published in bacterio accumulation data; a promising ability to provide structure-permeability information was also demonstrated. Such a model may therefore constitute a valuable tool for the development of novel anti-infective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Graef
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robert Richter
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Verena Fetz
- Department of Chemical Biology, HZI, German Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Chiara De Rossi
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Schneider-Daum
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Allegretta
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, HIPS, HZI, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Walid Elgaher
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, HIPS, HZI, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, HIPS, HZI, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, HIPS, HZI, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Felix Beckmann
- Institute of Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, HZI, German Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Hartmann
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, HIPS, HZI, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sarah Gordon
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, L3 3AF Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus Building E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Witzgall F, Depke T, Hoffmann M, Empting M, Brönstrup M, Müller R, Blankenfeldt W. The Alkylquinolone Repertoire of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is Linked to Structural Flexibility of the FabH-like 2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone (PQS) Biosynthesis Enzyme PqsBC. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1531-1544. [PMID: 29722462 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. It produces a large armory of saturated and mono-unsaturated 2-alkyl-4(1H)-quinolones (AQs) and AQ N-oxides (AQNOs) that serve as signaling molecules to control the production of virulence factors and that are involved in membrane vesicle formation and iron chelation; furthermore, they also have, for example, antibiotic properties. It has been shown that the β-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier protein synthase III (FabH)-like heterodimeric enzyme PqsBC catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of the most abundant AQ congener, 2-heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone (HHQ), by condensing octanoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) with 2-aminobenzoylacetate (2-ABA), but the basis for the large number of other AQs/AQNOs produced by P. aeruginosa is not known. Here, we demonstrate that PqsBC uses different medium-chain acyl-CoAs to produce various saturated AQs/AQNOs and that it also biosynthesizes mono-unsaturated congeners. Further, we determined the structures of PqsBC in four different crystal forms at 1.5 to 2.7 Å resolution. Together with a previous report, the data reveal that PqsBC adopts open, intermediate, and closed conformations that alter the shape of the acyl-binding cavity and explain the promiscuity of PqsBC. The different conformations also allow us to propose a model for structural transitions that accompany the catalytic cycle of PqsBC that might have broader implications for other FabH-enzymes, for which such structural transitions have been postulated but have never been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Witzgall
- Department Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tobias Depke
- Department Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Department Structure and Function of Proteins, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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Grzeschik J, Könning D, Hinz SC, Krah S, Schröter C, Empting M, Kolmar H, Zielonka S. Generation of Semi-Synthetic Shark IgNAR Single-Domain Antibody Libraries. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1701:147-167. [PMID: 29116504 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7447-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Besides classical antibodies with the composition of heavy and light chains, sharks produce a unique heavy chain only isotype, termed Immunoglobulin New Antigen Receptor (IgNAR), in which antigen binding is solely mediated by a single domain, referred to as vNAR. Owing to their high affinity and specificity combined with their small size and high stability, vNAR domains emerged as promising target-binding scaffolds that can be tailor-made for biotechnological and biomedical applications. Herein, we describe protocols for the construction of semi-synthetic, CDR3-randomized vNAR libraries for the isolation of target-specific antibodies using yeast surface display or phage display as platform technology. Additionally, we provide information for affinity maturation of target-specific molecules through CDR1 diversification and sublibrary establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Grzeschik
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Doreen Könning
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Steffen C Hinz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Krah
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany.,Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck-Serono, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, D-64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schröter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany.,Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck-Serono, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, D-64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany. .,Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck-Serono, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, D-64293, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Brengel C, Thomann A, Schifrin A, Allegretta G, Kamal AAM, Haupenthal J, Schnorr I, Cho SH, Franzblau SG, Empting M, Eberhard J, Hartmann RW. Biophysical Screening of a Focused Library for the Discovery of CYP121 Inhibitors as Novel Antimycobacterials. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1616-1626. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brengel
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Andreas Thomann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Alexander Schifrin
- Department of Biochemistry; Saarland University; Campus B2.2 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Giuseppe Allegretta
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Ahmed A. M. Kamal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Isabell Schnorr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Sang Hyun Cho
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research; College of Pharmacy; University of Illinois at Chicago; 833 S. Wood Street Chicago IL 60612-7231 USA
| | - Scott G. Franzblau
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research; College of Pharmacy; University of Illinois at Chicago; 833 S. Wood Street Chicago IL 60612-7231 USA
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jens Eberhard
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, HIPS; Department for Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Saarland University; Campus C2.3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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34
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Allegretta G, Maurer CK, Eberhard J, Maura D, Hartmann RW, Rahme L, Empting M. In-depth Profiling of MvfR-Regulated Small Molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa after Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Treatment. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:924. [PMID: 28596760 PMCID: PMC5442231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium, which causes opportunistic infections in immuno-compromised individuals. Due to its multiple resistances toward antibiotics, the development of new drugs is required. Interfering with Quorum Sensing (QS), a cell-to-cell communication system, has shown to be highly efficient in reducing P. aeruginosa pathogenicity. One of its QS systems employs Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) and 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) as signal molecules. Both activate the transcriptional regulator MvfR (Multiple Virulence Factor Regulator), also called PqsR, driving the production of QS molecules as well as toxins and biofilm formation. The aim of this work was to elucidate the effects of QS inhibitors (QSIs), such as MvfR antagonists and PqsBC inhibitors, on the biosynthesis of the MvfR-regulated small molecules 2′-aminoacetophenone (2-AA), dihydroxyquinoline (DHQ), HHQ, PQS, and 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO). The employed synthetic MvfR antagonist fully inhibited pqs small molecule formation showing expected sigmoidal dose-response curves for 2-AA, HQNO, HHQ and PQS. Surprisingly, DHQ levels were enhanced at lower antagonist concentrations followed by a full suppression at higher QSI amounts. This particular bi-phasic profile hinted at the accumulation of a biosynthetic intermediate resulting in the observed overproduction of the shunt product DHQ. Additionally, investigations on PqsBC inhibitors showed a reduction of MvfR natural ligands, while increased 2-AA, DHQ and HQNO levels compared to the untreated cells were detected. Moreover, PqsBC inhibitors did not show any significant effect in PA14 pqsC mutant demonstrating their target selectivity. As 2-AA is important for antibacterial tolerance, the QSIs were evaluated in their capability to attenuate persistence. Indeed, persister cells were reduced along with 2-AA inhibition resulting from MvfR antagonism, but not from PqsBC inhibition. In conclusion, antagonizing MvfR using a dosage capable of fully suppressing this QS system will lead to a favorable therapeutic outcome as DHQ overproduction is avoided and bacterial persistence is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Allegretta
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research SaarlandSaarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christine K Maurer
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research SaarlandSaarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jens Eberhard
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research SaarlandSaarbrücken, Germany
| | - Damien Maura
- Department of Surgery and Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States.,Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation and Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, BostonMA, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, BostonMA, United States
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research SaarlandSaarbrücken, Germany.,Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken, Germany
| | - Laurence Rahme
- Department of Surgery and Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, United States.,Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation and Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, BostonMA, United States.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, BostonMA, United States
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research SaarlandSaarbrücken, Germany
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35
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Kamal AAM, Maurer CK, Allegretta G, Haupenthal J, Empting M, Hartmann RW. Quorum Sensing Inhibitors as Pathoblockers for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: A New Concept in Anti-Infective Drug Discovery. Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2017_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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Könning D, Zielonka S, Grzeschik J, Empting M, Valldorf B, Krah S, Schröter C, Sellmann C, Hock B, Kolmar H. Camelid and shark single domain antibodies: structural features and therapeutic potential. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2016; 45:10-16. [PMID: 27865111 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to canonical antibodies composed of heavy and light chains, the adaptive immune systems of camelids and cartilaginous fish comprise heavy-chain only isotypes (HcAb) devoid of light chains, where antigen-binding is mediated exclusively by one variable domain. Due to their inherent favorable attributes, such as high affinity and specificity for their cognate antigen, extraordinary stability, small size and, most importantly, the possibility to complement classical antibodies in terms of 'drugable' target-space, HcAb-derived entities evolved as promising candidates for biomedical applications of which many have already proven to be successful in early stage clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Könning
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julius Grzeschik
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernhard Valldorf
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Krah
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schröter
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carolin Sellmann
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Björn Hock
- Protein Engineering and Antibody Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, D-64293 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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37
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Thomann A, Brengel C, Börger C, Kail D, Steinbach A, Empting M, Hartmann RW. Structure-Activity Relationships of 2-Sufonylpyrimidines as Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors to Tackle Biofilm Formation and eDNA Release ofPseudomonas aeruginosa. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2522-2533. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Thomann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland; Department of Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Christian Brengel
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland; Department of Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Carsten Börger
- PharmBioTec GmbH; Science Park 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Dagmar Kail
- PharmBioTec GmbH; Science Park 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Anke Steinbach
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland; Department of Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland; Department of Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland; Department of Drug Design and Optimization; Campus E 8.1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
- Saarland University; Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Campus C 2.3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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38
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Thomann A, Zapp J, Hutter M, Empting M, Hartmann RW. Steering the azido-tetrazole equilibrium of 4-azidopyrimidines via substituent variation - implications for drug design and azide-alkyne cycloadditions. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:10620-30. [PMID: 26340222 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01006c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on an interesting constitutional isomerism called azido-tetrazole equilibrium which is observed in azido-substituted N-heterocycles. We present a systematic investigation of substituent effects on the isomer ratio within a 2-substituted 4-azidopyrimidine model scaffold. NMR- and IR-spectroscopy as well as X-ray crystallography were employed for thorough analysis and characterization of synthesized derivatives. On the basis of this data, we demonstrate the possibility to steer this valence tautomerism towards the isomer of choice by means of substituent variation. We show that the tetrazole form can act as an efficient disguise for the corresponding azido group masking its well known reactivity in azide-alkyne cycloadditions (ACCs). In copper(I)-catalyzed AAC reactions, substituent-stabilized tetrazoles displayed a highly decreased or even abolished reactivity whereas azides and compounds in the equilibrium were directly converted. By use of an acid sensitive derivative, we provide, to our knowledge, the first experimental basis for a possible exploitation of this dynamic isomerism as a pH-dependent azide-protecting motif for selective SPAAC conjugations in aqueous media. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of stabilized tetrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines for Fragment-Based Drug Design (FBDD) in the field of quorum sensing inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thomann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - J Zapp
- Saarland University, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Campus C2.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - M Hutter
- Saarland University, Center for Bioinformatics, Campus E2.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - M Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - R W Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization (DDOP), Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. and Saarland University, Department for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Zender M, Witzgall F, Drees SL, Weidel E, Maurer CK, Fetzner S, Blankenfeldt W, Empting M, Hartmann RW. Dissecting the Multiple Roles of PqsE in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence by Discovery of Small Tool Compounds. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1755-63. [PMID: 27082157 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses quorum sensing (QS) as a cell-to-cell communication system to orchestrate the expression of virulence determinants. The biosynthesis of the important Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) requires the pqsABCDE operon. Here, PqsE acts as a pathway-specific thioesterase, but it also contributes to the regulation of bacterial virulence via an unknown mechanism. In this manuscript, we report the discovery of PqsE inhibitors as tool compounds to gain further insights into its different functions. Differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) was used to screen a fragment library, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was employed as a secondary filter. As proven by X-ray crystallography, hit molecules bound to the active center inhibiting PqsE's thioesterase activity in cell-based and in vitro assays. Notably, the ligands did not affect the levels of the PqsE-regulated virulence factor pyocyanin. These findings indicate that the regulatory function of PqsE is not linked to its thioesterase activity and must be encoded outside of the active center. This study highlights the potential of fragment-based screening for the discovery of tool compounds. This approach provided novel insight into complex biological systems, which could not be obtained by knockout studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zender
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Florian Witzgall
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department
Structure and Function of Proteins, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen L. Drees
- Institute
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Weidel
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christine K. Maurer
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Susanne Fetzner
- Institute
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wulf Blankenfeldt
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Department
Structure and Function of Proteins, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institut
für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Pharmaceutical
and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Thomann A, de Mello Martins AGG, Brengel C, Empting M, Hartmann RW. Application of Dual Inhibition Concept within Looped Autoregulatory Systems toward Antivirulence Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1279-86. [PMID: 26882081 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing (QS) is a sophisticated network of genome-wide regulation triggered in response to population density. A major component is the self-inducing pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) QS system that regulates the production of several nonvital virulence- and biofilm-related determinants. Hence, QS circuitry is an attractive target for antivirulence agents with lowered resistance development potential and a good model to study the concept of polypharmacology in autoloop-regulated systems per se. Based on the finding that a combination of PqsR antagonist and PqsD inhibitor synergistically lowers pyocyanin, we have developed a dual-inhibitor compound of low molecular weight and high solubility that targets PQS transcriptional regulator (PqsR) and PqsD, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of PQS-QS signal molecules (HHQ and PQS). In vitro, this compound markedly reduced virulence factor production and biofilm formation accompanied by a diminished content of extracellular DNA (eDNA). Additionally, coadministration with ciprofloxacin increased susceptibility of PA14 to antibiotic treatment under biofilm conditions. Finally, disruption of pathogenicity mechanisms was also assessed in vivo, with significantly increased survival of challenged larvae in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Favorable physicochemical properties and effects on virulence/biofilm establish a promising starting point for further optimization. In particular, the ability to address two targets of the PQS autoinduction cycle at the same time with a single compound holds great promise in achieving enhanced synergistic cellular effects while potentially lowering rates of resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Thomann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Antonio G. G. de Mello Martins
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Brengel
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department for Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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41
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Valldorf B, Fittler H, Deweid L, Ebenig A, Dickgiesser S, Sellmann C, Becker J, Zielonka S, Empting M, Avrutina O, Kolmar H. Ein Apoptose-induzierendes Heptamer, das effizient den Todesrezeptor 5 bündelt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Valldorf
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Heiko Fittler
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Lukas Deweid
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Aileen Ebenig
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Stephan Dickgiesser
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Carolin Sellmann
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Janine Becker
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmacological Research Saarland (HIPS); Universitätscampus E8 1 66123 Saarbrücken Deutschland
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
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Valldorf B, Fittler H, Deweid L, Ebenig A, Dickgiesser S, Sellmann C, Becker J, Zielonka S, Empting M, Avrutina O, Kolmar H. An Apoptosis-Inducing Peptidic Heptad That Efficiently Clusters Death Receptor 5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5085-9. [PMID: 26991930 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent ligands of death receptors hold particular promise as tumor cell-specific therapeutic agents because they induce an apoptotic cascade in cancerous cells. Herein, we present a modular approach to generate death receptor 5 (DR5) binding constructs comprising multiple copies of DR5 targeting peptide (DR5TP) covalently bound to biomolecular scaffolds of peptidic nature. This strategy allows for efficient oligomerization of synthetic DR5TP-derived peptides in different spatial orientations using a set of enzyme-promoted conjugations or recombinant production. Heptameric constructs based on a short (60-75 residues) scaffold of a C-terminal oligomerization domain of human C4b binding protein showed remarkable proapoptotic activity (EC50=3 nm) when DR5TP was ligated to its carboxy terminus. Our data support the notion that inter-ligand distance, relative spatial orientation and copy number of receptor-binding modules are key prerequisites for receptor activation and cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Valldorf
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Heiko Fittler
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lukas Deweid
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Aileen Ebenig
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephan Dickgiesser
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carolin Sellmann
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Janine Becker
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zielonka
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmacological Research Saarland (HIPS), Universitätscampus E8 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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43
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Wagner S, Sommer R, Hinsberger S, Lu C, Hartmann RW, Empting M, Titz A. Novel Strategies for the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5929-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wagner
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roman Sommer
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Hinsberger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Cenbin Lu
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
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44
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Krah S, Schröter C, Zielonka S, Empting M, Valldorf B, Kolmar H. Single-domain antibodies for biomedical applications. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2015; 38:21-8. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1102934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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45
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Hartmann R, Thomann A, Eberhard J, Allegretta G, Empting M. Mild and Catalyst-Free Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 4,6-Disubstituted 2-Methylthiopyrimidines – Exploiting Tetrazole as an Efficient Leaving Group. Synlett 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1560577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Hartmann
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarland University
| | - Andreas Thomann
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarland University
| | - Jens Eberhard
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarland University
| | - Giuseppe Allegretta
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarland University
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarland University
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46
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Fittler H, Depp A, Avrutina O, Dahms SO, Than ME, Empting M, Kolmar H. Engineering a Constrained Peptidic Scaffold towards Potent and Selective Furin Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2441-4. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Fittler
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für organische und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alexander Depp
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für organische und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Olga Avrutina
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für organische und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Sven O. Dahms
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI); Beutenbergstrasse 11 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Manuel E. Than
- Leibniz Institute for Age Research-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI); Beutenbergstrasse 11 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS); Campus C2.3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für organische und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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47
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Abdelsamie AS, Bey E, Gargano EM, van Koppen CJ, Empting M, Frotscher M. Towards the evaluation in an animal disease model: Fluorinated 17β-HSD1 inhibitors showing strong activity towards both the human and the rat enzyme. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:56-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
In addition to antibodies with the classical composition of heavy and light chains, the adaptive immune repertoire of sharks also includes a heavy-chain only isotype, where antigen binding is mediated exclusively by a small and highly stable domain, referred to as vNAR. In recent years, due to their high affinity and specificity combined with their small size, high physicochemical stability and low-cost of production, vNAR fragments have evolved as promising target-binding scaffolds that can be tailor-made for applications in medicine and biotechnology. This review highlights the structural features of vNAR molecules, addresses aspects of their generation using immunization or in vitro high throughput screening methods and provides examples of therapeutic, diagnostic and other biotechnological applications.
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Key Words
- CDR, complementarity-determining region
- HV, hypervariable region
- IgNAR
- IgNAR V domain, variable domain of IgNAR
- IgNAR, immunoglobulin new antigen receptor
- VH, variable domain of the heavy chain
- VHH, variable domain of camelid heavy chain antibodies
- VL, variable domain of the light chain
- antibody technology
- biologic therapeutic
- heavy chain antibody
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- scFv, single chain variable fragment
- shark
- single chain binding domain
- vNAR, variable domain of IgNAR
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zielonka
- a Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry ; Technische Universität Darmstadt ; Darmstadt , Germany
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49
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Zielonka S, Empting M, Könning D, Grzeschik J, Krah S, Becker S, Dickgießer S, Kolmar H. The Shark Strikes Twice: Hypervariable Loop 2 of Shark IgNAR Antibody Variable Domains and Its Potential to Function as an Autonomous Paratope. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2015; 17:386-392. [PMID: 26003538 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this present study, we engineered hypervariable loop 2 (HV2) of the IgNAR variable domain in a way that it solely facilitates antigen binding, potentially functioning as an autonomous paratope. For this, the surface-exposed loop corresponding to HV2 was diversified and antigen-specific variable domain of IgNAR antibody (vNAR) molecules were isolated by library screening using yeast surface display (YSD) as platform technology. An epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-specific vNAR was used as starting material, and nine residues in HV2 were randomized. Target-specific clones comprising a new HV2-mediated paratope were isolated against cluster of differentiation 3ε (CD3ε) and human Fcγ while retaining high affinity for EpCAM. Essentially, we demonstrate that a new paratope comprising moderate affinities against a given target molecule can be engineered into the vNAR scaffold that acts independent of the original antigen-binding site, composed of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) and CDR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Zielonka
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
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50
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Sahner JH, Empting M, Kamal A, Weidel E, Groh M, Börger C, Hartmann RW. Exploring the chemical space of ureidothiophene-2-carboxylic acids as inhibitors of the quorum sensing enzyme PqsD from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:14-21. [PMID: 25874327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs a quorum sensing (QS) communication system that makes use of small diffusible molecules. Among other effects, the QS system coordinates the formation of biofilm which decisively contributes to difficulties in the therapy of Pseudomonas infections. The present work deals with the structure-activity exploration of ureidothiophene-2-carboxylic acids as inhibitors of PqsD, a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of signal molecules in the Pseudomonas QS system. We describe an improvement of the inhibitory activity by successfully combining features from two different PqsD inhibitor classes. Furthermore the functional groups, which are responsible for the inhibitory potency, were identified. Moreover, the inability of the new inhibitors, to prevent signal molecule formation in whole cell assays, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Henning Sahner
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Weidel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias Groh
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carsten Börger
- PharmBioTec GmbH, Science Park 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University & Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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