101
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Wang FS, Wu RW, Lain WS, Tsai TC, Chen YS, Sun YC, Ke HJ, Li JC, Hwang J, Ko JY. Sclerostin vaccination mitigates estrogen deficiency induction of bone mass loss and microstructure deterioration. Bone 2018; 112:24-34. [PMID: 29653294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sclerostin (SOST) is a Wnt signaling inhibitor detrimental to osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral acquisition. While control of SOST action delays the pathogenesis of skeletal disorders, the effects of SOST vaccination on the estrogen deficiency-induced bone deterioration remain elusive. In this study, we generated a SOST-Fc fusion protein which was composed of a SOST peptide Pro-Asn-Ala-Ile-Gly along with an IgG Fc fragment. SOST-Fc vaccination increased serum anti-SOST antibody levels and reduced serum SOST concentrations in mice. In vitro, anti-SOST serum attenuated the SOST-induced inhibition of osteogenic gene expression in osteoblast cultures. Administration with SOST-Fc increased serum levels of bone formation marker osteocalcin and alleviated the ovariectomy escalation of serum resorption markers CTX-1 and TRAP5b concentrations. It remarkably lessened the estrogen deficiency-mediated deterioration of bone mineral density, morphometric characteristics of trabecular bone, and mechanical strength of femurs and lumbar spines. The SOST-Fc-treated skeletal tissue exhibited moderate responses to the adverse actions of ovariectomy to bone mineral accretion, osteoclast surface, trabecular separation, and fatty marrow histopathology. SOST-Fc treatment increased serum osteoclast-inhibitory factor osteoprotegrin levels in conjunction with strong Wnt3a, β-catenin, and TCF4 immunostaining in osteoblasts, whereas it weakened the estrogen deficiency enhancement of osteoclast-promoting factor receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. Taken together, blockade of SOST action by SOST-Fc vaccination sustains Wnt signaling, which harmonizes bone mineral accretion and resorption reactions and thereby ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss. This study highlights SOST-Fc fusion protein as a new molecular therapeutic potential for preventing from osteoporotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Re-Wen Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lain
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chen Tsai
- Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Sun
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jing Ke
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chen Li
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Core Laboratory for Phenomics and Diagonistics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jaulang Hwang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Yang Ko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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102
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Zha L, He L, Liang Y, Qin H, Yu B, Chang L, Xue L. TNF-α contributes to postmenopausal osteoporosis by synergistically promoting RANKL-induced osteoclast formation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:369-374. [PMID: 29571022 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that inflammatory cytokines promote osteoclast formation, characterized by the function of bone resorption. However, it remains unclear whether inflammatory factors contribute to osteoporosis syndrome in postmenopausal women. Here, we found that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (PO) had increased levels of TNF-α, compared with those without osteoporosis. TNF-α is highly correlated with the RANK and estrogen levels in PO patients. in vitro, TNF-α synergistically promotes RANKL-induced osteoclast formation by activation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K/Akt totally blocked the synergistic effects of TNF-α on NF-κB activation as well as osteoclast formation. Together, these results demonstrate that TNF-α synergistically promotes RANKL-induced osteoclasts formation through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling, which ultimately contributes to osteoporosis syndrome in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China
| | - Yijian Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiao Tong University Medical School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiao Tong University Medical School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiao Tong University Medical School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Linli Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiao Tong University Medical School, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China.
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103
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Song ZH, Xie W, Zhu SY, Pan JJ, Zhou LY, He CQ. Effects of PEMFs on Osx, Ocn, TRAP, and CTSK gene expression in postmenopausal osteoporosis model mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:1784-1790. [PMID: 31938285 PMCID: PMC6958114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Ovariectomized mice were used to simulate the symptoms of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and observe the effects of PEMF treatment on expression of Osx, Ocn, TRAP, and CTSK in ovariectomized mice. Methods: Thirty-week-old wild-type C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n=10, each group): sham operation group, ovariectomy (OVX) group, and PEMF group. Mice in the sham group underwent sham ovariectomy, while mice in the remaining two groups were ovariectomized. On postoperative day two, mice in the PEMF treatment group received PEMF treatment at a frequency of 8 Hz and an intensity of 3.8 mT for one hour daily for four weeks. At the same time, mice in the remaining two groups were placed in the PEMF treatment area under power-down state daily, similar to that in the PEMF group. After four weeks, all relevant indicators were tested. Results: (1) Compared with mice in the sham group, the number of trabecular bones significantly decreased, the thickness of the trabecular bone became thinner, the number of osteoclasts significantly increased, the gene expression of Osx and Ocn significantly decreased, and the gene expression of TRAP and CTSK significantly increased in the OVX group (P<0.01). (2) Compared with the blank controls without operation, the number of osteoblasts increased in the PEMF group. (3) Compared with the OVX group, the number of osteoclasts significantly decreased, the expression of Osx and Ocn significantly increased, and the gene expression of TRAP and CTSK significantly decreased in the PEMF group (P<0.01). Conclusion: PEMF treatment can significantly promote bone formation, which may be realized through inhibition of osteoclast formation, achieving bone morphological protection. PEMFs can significantly upregulate Osx and Ocn osteogenesis-related genes, which affect bone formation, and downregulate TRAP and CTSK osteoclast-related genes, which affect bone resorption. PEMFs may be used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis by regulating Osx, Ocn, TRAP, and CTSK gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Song
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
- Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine DisciplineHaikou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Si-Yi Zhu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Jin-Jing Pan
- Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine DisciplineHaikou, China
| | | | - Cheng-Qi He
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityNo. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu, China
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104
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Nakamichi Y, Udagawa N, Suda T, Takahashi N. Mechanisms involved in bone resorption regulated by vitamin D. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 177:70-76. [PMID: 29146302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Active forms of vitamin D enhance osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in osteoblast-lineage cells consisting of osteoblasts and osteocytes. This pro-resorptive activity was evident basically with higher concentrations of active vitamin D than those expected in physiological conditions. Nevertheless, vitamin D compounds have been used in Japan for treating osteoporosis to increase bone mineral density (BMD). Of note, the increase in BMD by long-term treatment with pharmacological (=near-physiological) doses of vitamin D compounds was caused by the suppression of bone resorption. Therefore, whether vitamin D expresses pro-resorptive or anti-resorptive properties seems to be dependent on the treatment protocols. We established osteoblast lineage-specific and osteoclast-specific VDR conditional knockout (cKO) mice using Osterix-Cre transgenic mice and Cathepsin K-Cre knock-in mice, respectively. According to our observation using these cKO mouse lines, neither VDR in osteoblast-lineage cells nor that in osteoclasts played important roles for osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption at homeostasis. However, using our cKO lines, we observed that VDR in osteoblast-lineage cells, but not osteoclasts, was involved in the anti-resorptive properties of pharmacological doses of vitamin D compounds in vivo. Two different osteoblast-lineage VDR cKO mouse lines were reported. One is a VDR cKO mouse line using alpha 1, type I collagen (Col1a1)-Cre transgenic mice (here we call Col1a1-VDR-cKO mice) and the other is that using dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1)-Cre transgenic mice (Dmp1-VDR-cKO mice). Col1a1-VDR-cKO mice exhibited slightly increased bone mass due to lowered bone resorption. In contrast, Dmp1-VDR-cKO mice exhibited no difference in BMD in agreement with our results regarding Ob-VDR-cKO mice. Here we discuss contradictory results and multiple modes of actions of vitamin D in bone resorption in detail. (279 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nakamichi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Suda
- Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takahashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
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105
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Fuady JH, Gutsche K, Santambrogio S, Varga Z, Hoogewijs D, Wenger RH. Estrogen-dependent downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α in invasive breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:31153-65. [PMID: 27105516 PMCID: PMC5058746 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of estrogen (E2) and hypoxia in tumor progression is well established. Hypoxia has been reported to activate and degrade estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, E2 has been shown to regulate hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein, but its role in HIF-2α regulation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we found that both HIF-2α mRNA and protein were down-regulated in ER positive but not ER negative breast cancer cells upon treatment with E2. The analysis of 690 samples derived from 608 mixed and 82 triple-negative breast cancer patients revealed that high nuclear HIF-2α tumor levels are associated with a worse prognosis specifically in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and hormone receptor positive patients. Consistently, ERα/HER2 positive breast cancer cells displayed less pronounced downregulation of HIF-2α by E2. Experiments using a histone deacetylase inhibitor indicate that the E2 mediated decrease in HIF-2α mRNA is due to transcriptional repression. A functional estrogen response element (ERE) was identified in the first intron of the gene encoding HIF-2α (EPAS1), suggesting transcriptional co-repressor recruitment by ERα. Our results demonstrate a novel modulation of HIF-2α in breast cancer cells, explaining the opposing regulation between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in hormone-responsive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry H Fuady
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Centre for Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Gutsche
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Centre for Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Santambrogio
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Centre for Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology and Zurich Centre for Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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106
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Wang Q, Zi CT, Wang J, Wang YN, Huang YW, Fu XQ, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Dendrobium officinale Orchid Extract Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Vivo and Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:966. [PMID: 29379436 PMCID: PMC5775521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Dendrobium officinale, a traditional Chinese medical herb with high value that is widely used in Asia, possesses many positive effects on human health, including anti-chronic inflammation, anti-obesity, and immune modulation properties; however, whether D. officinale has inhibitory effects on postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unknown. Objective: We investigated the effects of D. officinale extract (DOE) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo and on osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Methods:In vivo, female rats were divided into a sham-operated (sham) group and five ovariectomized (OVX) subgroups: OVX with vehicle (OVX), OVX with Xian-Ling-Gu-Bao capsule (240 mg/kg body weight/day), and OVX with low-, medium-, and high-dose DOE (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively). Animals in each group were administered their corresponding treatments for 13 weeks. Body weight, serum biochemical parameters, uterine and femoral physical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical properties, and bone microarchitecture were obtained. In vitro, the effects of DOE on osteoclastogenesis were examined using RAW264.7 cells. The effects of DOE on osteoclastogenesis and the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes and proteins were determined. Results: DOE effectively ameliorated serum biochemical parameters, especially alleviated estradiol (E2) deficiency and maintained calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. DOE improved uterine and femoral physical parameters. In addition, DOE improved femoral BMD and biomechanical properties. DOE significantly ameliorated bone microarchitecture. Moreover, DOE inhibited osteoclastogenesis independent of its cytoxicity and suppressed the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes and proteins. Conclusion: DOE can effectively prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Tea Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng-Ting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Tea Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ye-Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-Qi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- College of Tea Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
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107
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Rooney AM, van der Meulen MCH. Mouse models to evaluate the role of estrogen receptor α in skeletal maintenance and adaptation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1410:85-92. [PMID: 29148577 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen signaling and mechanical loading have individual and combined effects on skeletal maintenance and adaptation. Previous work investigating estrogen signaling both in vitro and in vivo using global estrogen receptor α (ERα) gene knockout mouse models has provided information regarding the role of ERα in regulating bone mass and adaptation to mechanical stimulation. However, these models have inherent limitations that confound interpretation of the data. Therefore, recent studies have focused on mice with targeted deletion of ERα from specific bone cells and their precursors. Cell stage, tissue type, and mouse sex all influence the effects of ERα gene deletion. Lack of ERα in osteoblast progenitor and precursor cells generally affects the periosteum of female and male mice. The absence of ERα in differentiated osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts in mice generally resulted in reduced cancellous bone mass, with differing reports of the effect by animal sex and greater deficiencies in bone mass typically occurring in cancellous bone in female mice. Limited data exist for the role of bone cell-specific ERα in skeletal adaptation in vivo. Cell-specific ERα gene knockout mice provide an excellent platform for investigating the function of ERα in regulating skeletal phenotype and response to mechanical loading by sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Rooney
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Marjolein C H van der Meulen
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.,Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.,Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
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108
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Choi JH, Lim SK, Kim DI, Park MJ, Kim YK, Lee AC, Kim YM, Yang SJ, Park JH. Safflower bud inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and prevents bone loss in ovariectomized mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 34:6-13. [PMID: 28899511 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The powder and extract of safflower seeds are known to be effective in the prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized animals. However, the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanisms of safflower bud (SB), the germinated safflower, on bone destruction is unclear. PURPOSE The present study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of SB on osteoclastic differentiation and on bone loss in ovarietomized (OVX) mice. METHODS Osteoclastogenesis was determined by TRAP staining, F-actin ring formation, and bone resorption assay. NF-κB and MAPKs activation was analyzed by transfection assay and Western blot, respectively. Real-time PCR was performed to examine the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes. Histological changes, increases in TRAP-positive cells, and cathepsin K expression were examined in the metaphysis of OVX mice. Density of bone marrow was evaluated by µCT. RESULTS SB inhibited the RANKL-induced differentiation of BMDMs into osteoclasts in a dose-dependent manner. F-actin ring formation and bone resorption were also reduced by SB in RANKL-treated BMDMs. In addition, SB decreased the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs and the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes in BMDMs treated with RANKL. Feeding of SB-included diet prevented bone loss in OVX mice. The number of TRAP-positive cells and level of protein expression of cathepsin K was reduced and bone mineral density was increased in the metaphysis of mice fed SB compared with OVX mice. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that SB can be a preventive and therapeutic candidate for destructive bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Lim
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Life Science Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Young-Kuk Kim
- R&D team, Dasan Institute of Life & Science Co. Ltd., Gwangju 62371, Republic of Korea
| | - An-Chul Lee
- R&D team, Dasan Institute of Life & Science Co. Ltd., Gwangju 62371, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology and BK21 Plus Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Yang
- School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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109
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Murata K, Fang C, Terao C, Giannopoulou EG, Lee YJ, Lee MJ, Mun SH, Bae S, Qiao Y, Yuan R, Furu M, Ito H, Ohmura K, Matsuda S, Mimori T, Matsuda F, Park-Min KH, Ivashkiv LB. Hypoxia-Sensitive COMMD1 Integrates Signaling and Cellular Metabolism in Human Macrophages and Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis. Immunity 2017; 47:66-79.e5. [PMID: 28723554 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia augments inflammatory responses and osteoclastogenesis by incompletely understood mechanisms. We identified COMMD1 as a cell-intrinsic negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis that is suppressed by hypoxia. In human macrophages, COMMD1 restrained induction of NF-κB signaling and a transcription factor E2F1-dependent metabolic pathway by the cytokine RANKL. Downregulation of COMMD1 protein expression by hypoxia augmented RANKL-induced expression of inflammatory and E2F1 target genes and downstream osteoclastogenesis. E2F1 targets included glycolysis and metabolic genes including CKB that enabled cells to meet metabolic demands in challenging environments, as well as inflammatory cytokine-driven target genes. Expression quantitative trait locus analysis linked increased COMMD1 expression with decreased bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis. Myeloid deletion of Commd1 resulted in increased osteoclastogenesis in arthritis and inflammatory osteolysis models. These results identify COMMD1 and an E2F-metabolic pathway as key regulators of osteoclastogenic responses under pathological inflammatory conditions and provide a mechanism by which hypoxia augments inflammation and bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Murata
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Celestia Fang
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eugenia G Giannopoulou
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Ye Ji Lee
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Min Joon Lee
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Se-Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Seyeon Bae
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Yu Qiao
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ruoxi Yuan
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Moritoshi Furu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Rheumatic Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ohmura
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuneyo Mimori
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Lionel B Ivashkiv
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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110
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Li Y, Liu Y, Lu Y, Zhao B. Inhibitory effects of 17β-estradiol or a resveratrol dimer on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in genioglossus myoblasts: Involvement of ERα and its downstream p38 MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1347-1356. [PMID: 28901388 PMCID: PMC5627877 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in the functioning of the genioglossus, which is one of the upper airway dilator muscles, is an important cause of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Estrogens have been reported to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in hypoxia, regulating its target genes and exerting protective effects on the genioglossus in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). This study aimed to investigate the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) and a resveratrol dimer (RD) on HIF-1α and the underlying mechanism. Mouse genioglossus myoblasts were isolated and cultured, and the estrogen receptor α (ERα) shRNA lentivirus was used for gene knockdown. Then MTT assay was used to determine the effects of E2 and RD on the viability of the cells. Cells in different groups were treated with different agents (E2, or RD, or E2 and SB203580), incubated under normoxia or hypoxia for 24 h, and then expression levels of HIF-1α, ERα, ERβ, total-p38 MAPK and phospho-p38 MAPK were detected. We observed that both E2 and RD inhibited the overexpression of HIF-1α induced by hypoxia at the mRNA and protein levels, and these effects were eliminated by genetic silencing of ERα by RNAi. In addition, we found that E2 activated p38 MAPK pathways to inhibit HIF-1α expression. On the whole, ERα may be responsible for downregulation of HIF-1α by E2 or RD via activation of downstream p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
| | - Bingjiao Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
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111
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Porwal K, Pal S, Dev K, China SP, Kumar Y, Singh C, Barbhuyan T, Sinha N, Sanyal S, Trivedi AK, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. Guava fruit extract and its triterpene constituents have osteoanabolic effect: Stimulation of osteoblast differentiation by activation of mitochondrial respiration via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 44:22-34. [PMID: 28343085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal effect of guava triterpene-enriched extract (GE) in rats and identify osteogenic compounds thereof, and determine their modes of action. In growing female rats, GE at 250 mg/kg dose increased parameters of peak bone mass including femur length, bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical strength, suggesting that GE promoted modeling-directed bone growth. GE also stimulated bone regeneration at the site of bone injury. In adult osteopenic rats (osteopenia induced by ovariectomy, OVX) GE completely restored the lost bones at both axial and appendicular sites, suggesting a strong osteoanabolic effect. Serum metabolomics studies showed changes in several metabolites (some of which are related to bone metabolism) in OVX compared with ovary-intact control and GE treatment to OVX rats reversed those. Out of six abundantly present triterpenes in GE, ursolic acid (UA) and 2α-hydroxy ursolic acid (2α-UA) induced osteogenic differentiation in vitro as did GE by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway assessed by phosphorylation of GSK-3β. Over-expressing of constitutively active GSK-3β (caGSK-3β) in osteoblasts abolished the differentiation-promoting effect of GE, UA and 2α-UA. All three increased both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration but only rotenone (inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transfer) and not 2-deoxyglucose (to block glycolysis) inhibited osteoblast differentiation. In addition, caGSK-3β over-expression attenuated the enhanced mitochondrial respiration caused by GE, UA and 2α-UA. We conclude that GE has osteoanabolic effect which is contributed by UA and 2α-UA, and involve activation of canonical Wnt signaling which in turn modulates cellular energy metabolism leading to osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Shyamsundar Pal China
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Chandan Singh
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Tarun Barbhuyan
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Maurya
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Target in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, 226031, India; AcSIR, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Campus, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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112
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Hulley PA, Bishop T, Vernet A, Schneider JE, Edwards JR, Athanasou NA, Knowles HJ. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha does not regulate osteoclastogenesis but enhances bone resorption activity via prolyl-4-hydroxylase 2. J Pathol 2017; 242:322-333. [PMID: 28418093 PMCID: PMC5518186 DOI: 10.1002/path.4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenic-angiogenic coupling is promoted by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) transcription factor, provoking interest in HIF activation as a therapeutic strategy to improve osteoblast mineralization and treat pathological osteolysis. However, HIF also enhances the bone-resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts. It is therefore essential to determine the full effect(s) of HIF on both the formation and the bone-resorbing function of osteoclasts in order to understand how they might respond to such a strategy. Expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein increased during osteoclast differentiation from CD14+ monocytic precursors, additionally inducing expression of the HIF-regulated glycolytic enzymes. However, HIF-1α siRNA only moderately affected osteoclast differentiation, accelerating fusion of precursor cells. HIF induction by inhibition of the regulatory prolyl-4-hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes reduced osteoclastogenesis, but was confirmed to enhance bone resorption by mature osteoclasts. Phd2+/- murine osteoclasts also exhibited enhanced bone resorption, associated with increased expression of resorption-associated Acp5, in comparison with wild-type cells from littermate controls. Phd3-/- bone marrow precursors displayed accelerated early fusion, mirroring results with HIF-1α siRNA. In vivo, Phd2+/- and Phd3-/- mice exhibited reduced trabecular bone mass, associated with reduced mineralization by Phd2+/- osteoblasts. These data indicate that HIF predominantly functions as a regulator of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, with little effect on osteoclast differentiation. Inhibition of HIF might therefore represent an alternative strategy to treat diseases characterized by pathological levels of osteolysis. © 2017 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa A Hulley
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tammie Bishop
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aude Vernet
- BHF Experimental MR Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - James R Edwards
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick A Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen J Knowles
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Yoshimura Y, Kikuiri T, Hasegawa T, Matsuno M, Minamikawa H, Deyama Y, Suzuki K. How much medium do you use for cell culture? Medium volume influences mineralization and osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:429-434. [PMID: 28535008 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is maintained by a balance between bone formation and resorption. This remodeling is controlled by a wide variety of systemic and local factors including hormones, cytokines and mechanical stresses. The present in vitro study examined the impact of medium volume, using 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml/well in a 24‑well plate, on the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. There were no differences in the alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblasts amongst the groups; however, the area of mineral deposition was decreased in a media volume‑dependent manner. A co‑culture of osteoblastic cells with bone marrow cells revealed a reduction in the total number of osteoclastic tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‑positive multinuclear cells (≥2 nuclei), whereas the formation of large osteoclastic TRAP‑positive multinuclear cells (≥8 nuclei) was increased, in a media volume‑dependent manner. There were also no differences in receptor activator of nuclear factor‑κB ligand mRNA and total osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein expression levels amongst the groups, however the concentration of OPG decreased in a media volume‑dependent manner. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the suppression of mineralization in osteoblastic cells and the stimulation of osteoclast fusion are dependent on the medium volume, indicating that media volume is an important factor in in vitro cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Yoshimura
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Takashi Kikuiri
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Tokushima 770‑8504, Japan
| | - Mino Matsuno
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Hajime Minamikawa
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Deyama
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Cell Pharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
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Knowles HJ. Hypoxia-Induced Fibroblast Growth Factor 11 Stimulates Osteoclast-Mediated Resorption of Bone. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:382-391. [PMID: 28097375 PMCID: PMC5336535 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over-activation of osteoclasts is directly responsible for pathological bone loss in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer metastasis to bone. Hypoxia is a common feature of these conditions, associated with poor prognosis, which also stimulates osteoclast-mediated bone resorption via induction of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF-1α. Here, we investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor 11 (FGF11) on osteoclast function. FGF11 is an intracellular FGF that was induced both by hypoxia (2% O2, p < 0.01) and by inhibition of the HIF-regulating prolyl hydroxylase enzymes (CoCl2, p < 0.001) in osteoclasts. Isoform-specific siRNA demonstrated that the induction of Fgf11 mRNA expression by hypoxia is HIF-1α-dependent (p < 0.01). Hypoxic stimulation of bone resorption was inhibited in osteoclasts treated with siRNA targeting FGF11 (p < 0.05). This was at least partially due to reduced secretion of an unidentified pro-resorptive factor downstream of FGF11. FGF11 expression within hypoxic, resorbing osteoclasts co-localised with microtubule-associated alpha-tubulin. FGF11 was also abundantly expressed in osteoclasts within the rheumatoid synovium and in giant cell tumour of bone. This study suggests FGF11 as a novel factor driving pathological bone resorption in osteolytic disease and as a potential target for the development of new anti-resorptive therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Knowles
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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115
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Abstract
Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that can be activated by lipophilic ligands. They are fundamental regulators of development, reproduction, and energy metabolism. In bone, nuclear receptors enable bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, to sense their dynamic microenvironment and maintain normal bone development and remodeling. Our views of the molecular mechanisms in this process have advanced greatly in the past decade. Drugs targeting nuclear receptors are widely used in the clinic for treating patients with bone disorders such as osteoporosis by modulating bone formation and resorption rates. Deficiency in the natural ligands of certain nuclear receptors can cause bone loss; for example, estrogen loss in postmenopausal women leads to osteoporosis and increases bone fracture risk. In contrast, excessive ligands of other nuclear receptors, such as glucocorticoids, can also be detrimental to bone health. Nonetheless, the ligand-induced osteoprotective effects of many other nuclear receptors, e.g., vitamin D receptor, are still in debate and require further characterizations. This review summarizes previous studies on the roles of nuclear receptors in bone homeostasis and incorporates the most recent findings. The advancement of our understanding in this field will help researchers improve the applications of agonists, antagonists, and selective modulators of nuclear receptors for therapeutic purposes; in particular, determining optimal pharmacological drug doses, preventing side effects, and designing new drugs that are more potent and specific.
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116
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Dobrowolski P, Tomaszewska E, Muszyński S, Blicharski T, Pierzynowski SG. Dietary 2-oxoglutarate prevents bone loss caused by neonatal treatment with maximal dexamethasone dose. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:671-682. [PMID: 28178857 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217693322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in the variety of dosages for treatment of premature infants with chronic lung disease, respiratory distress syndrome, allergies, asthma, and other inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Yet, adverse effects such as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and growth retardation are recognized. Conversely, 2-oxoglutarate (2-Ox), a precursor of glutamine, glutamate, and collagen amino acids, exerts protective effects on bone development. Our aim was to elucidate the effect of dietary administered 2-Ox on bone loss caused by neonatal treatment with clinically relevant maximal therapeutic dexamethasone (Dex) dose. Long bones of neonatal female piglets receiving Dex, Dex+2-Ox, or untreated were examined through measurements of mechanical properties, density, mineralization, geometry, histomorphometry, and histology. Selected hormones, bone turnover, and growth markers were also analyzed. Neonatal administration of clinically relevant maximal dose of Dex alone led to over 30% decrease in bone mass and the ultimate strength ( P < 0.001 for all). The length (13 and 7% for femur and humerus, respectively) and other geometrical parameters (13-45%) decreased compared to the control ( P < 0.001 for all). Dex impaired bone growth and caused hormonal imbalance. Dietary 2-Ox prevented Dex influence and vast majority of assessed bone parameters were restored almost to the control level. Piglets receiving 2-Ox had heavier, denser, and stronger bones; higher levels of growth hormone and osteocalcin concentration; and preserved microarchitecture of trabecular bone compared to the Dex group. 2-Ox administered postnatally had a potential to maintain bone structure of animals simultaneously treated with maximal therapeutic doses of Dex, which, in our opinion, may open up a new opportunity in developing combined treatment for children treated with GCs. Impact statement The present study has showed, for the first time, that dietary 2-oxoglutarate (2-Ox) administered postnatally has a potential to improve/maintain bone structure of animals simultaneously treated with maximal therapeutic doses of dexamethasone (Dex). It may open the new direction in searching and developing combined treatment for children treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) since growing group of children is exposed to synthetic GCs and adverse effects such as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and growth retardation are recognized. Currently proposed combined therapies have numerous side effects. Thus, this study proposed a new direction in combined therapies utilizing dietary supplementation with glutamine derivative. Impairment caused by Dex in presented long bones animal model was prevented by dietary supplementation with 2-Ox and vast majority of assessed bone parameters were restored almost to the control level. These results support previous thesis on the regulatory mechanism of nutrient utilization regulated by glutamine derivatives and enrich the nutritional science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dobrowolski
- 1 Department of Comparative Anatomy and Anthropology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- 3 Department of Physics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20-950, Poland
| | - Tomasz Blicharski
- 4 Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopaedics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-954, Poland.,5 Lublin Diagnostic Centre, Swidnik 21-040, Poland
| | - Stefan G Pierzynowski
- 6 Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362, Sweden.,7 Innovation Centre-Edoradca, Tczew 83-110, Poland.,8 SGPlus, Trelleborg 23132, Sweden.,9 Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin 20-950, Poland
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117
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Knowles HJ. Multiple Roles of Angiopoietin-Like 4 in Osteolytic Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:80. [PMID: 28458654 PMCID: PMC5394121 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor drive pathological bone loss in conditions including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, primary bone tumours, and bone metastatic cancer. There is therefore considerable interest in determining the function(s) of HIF-induced genes in these pathologies. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is an adipose-derived, HIF-1α- and PPARγ-induced gene that was originally discovered as an endocrine and autocrine/paracrine regulator of lipid metabolism. Given the inverse relationship between bone adiposity and fracture risk, ANGPTL4 might be considered a good candidate for mediating the downstream effects of HIF-1α relevant to osteolytic disease. This review will consider the possible roles of ANGPTL4 in regulation of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, cartilage degradation, angiogenesis, and inflammation, focusing on results obtained in the study of RA. Possible roles in other musculoskeletal pathologies will also be discussed. This will highlight ANGPTL4 as a regulator of multiple disease processes, which could represent a novel therapeutic target in osteolytic musculoskeletal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J. Knowles
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- *Correspondence: Helen J. Knowles,
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118
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Selective estrogen receptor modulators and the vitamin D analogue eldecalcitol block bone loss in male osteoporosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:1430-1436. [PMID: 27974229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid increases in the number of elderly people have dramatically increased the number of female and male osteoporosis patients. Osteoporosis often causes bone fragility fractures, and males exhibit particularly poor prognosis after these fractures, indicating that control of osteoporosis is crucial to maintain quality of men's lives. However, osteoporosis therapies available for men have lagged behind advances available for women. Here, we show that three selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), namely, raloxifene, bazedoxifene, and tamoxifen, plus the vitamin D analogue ED71, also called eldecalcitol, completely block orchiectomy-induced, testosterone-depleted bone loss in male mice in vivo. Patients treated with hormone deprivation therapy for prostate cancer also exhibit male osteoporosis, and bone management is critical for these patients. Given that androgen replacement therapy is not an option for these patients, our results represent a novel approach potentially useful to control male osteoporosis.
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119
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Morita M, Sato Y, Iwasaki R, Kobayashi T, Watanabe R, Oike T, Miyamoto K, Toyama Y, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Kawana H, Nakagawa T, Miyamoto T. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Suppress Hif1α Protein Accumulation in Mouse Osteoclasts. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165922. [PMID: 27802325 PMCID: PMC5089792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-bone resorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates, the anti-RANKL antibody (denosumab), or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to treat osteoporosis. Mechanisms underlying activity of bisphosphonates or denosumab in this context are understood, while it is less clear how SERMs like tamoxifen, raloxifene, or bazedoxifene inhibit bone resorption. Recently, accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif1α) in osteoclasts was shown to be suppressed by estrogen in normal cells. In addition, osteoclast activation and decreased bone mass seen in estrogen-deficient conditions was found to require Hif1α. Here, we used western blot analysis of cultured osteoclast precursor cells to show that tamoxifen, raloxifene, or bazedoxifene all suppress Hif1α protein accumulation. The effects of each SERM on osteoclast differentiation differed in vitro. Our results suggest that interventions such as the SERMs evaluated here could be useful to inhibit Hif1α and osteoclast activity under estrogen-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Morita
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuiko Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Advanced Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Iwasaki
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tami Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Oike
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Kawana
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Advanced Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- * E-mail:
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120
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Ibandronate concomitantly blocks immobilization-induced bone and muscle atrophy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:662-668. [PMID: 27983979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Both bone and muscle volume is concomitantly reduced under immobilization conditions; however, no single drug is currently available to block these outcomes simultaneously. Bisphosphonates are utilized clinically to inhibit osteoclast-dependent bone resorption, but their effects on muscle are largely unknown. Here we show that skeletal muscle is a direct target of the bisphosphonate ibandronate (IBN) and that reduced muscle volume and induction of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, both atrogenes, are significantly inhibited by IBN administration in vivo using a mouse model of muscle atrophy. IBN treatment also significantly blocked immobilization-induced bone loss in vivo. We also report that expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 and accumulation of Smad2/3 proteins, which are upstream of atrogines, occurred following serum starvation of myogenic C2C12 cells in vitro, effects significantly inhibited by IBN treatment. Interestingly, IBN effects on C2C12 cells were abrogated by MG132, an ubiquitin/proteasome inhibitor, suggesting that IBN functions via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Our findings lend new insight into the role of IBN in preventing muscle atrophy.
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Lv YG, Kang L, Wu G. Fluorosis increases the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis by stimulating interferon γ. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:372-379. [PMID: 27644876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women frequently activates osteoclasts (OC), accelerates bone resorption, and leads to osteoporosis (OP). Previous studies have demonstrated that interferon γ (IFNγ) could increase bone resorption and may be involved in postmenopausal OP. Fluorosis also increased the risk of fractures and dental fluorosis, and fluoride may enhance osteoclast formation and induce osteoclastic bone destruction in postmenopausal women, but the underlying mechanisms are as yet unknown. Here, we show that serum fluoride and IFNγ levels are negatively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women residing in a fluorotic area. Estrogen suppresses IFNγ, which is elevated by fluoride, playing a pivotal role in triggering bone loss in estrogen-deficient conditions. In vitro, IFNγ is inhibited by estrogen treatment and increased by fluoride in Raw264.7 cell, an osteoclast progenitor cell line. In ovariectomized (Ovx) mice, estrogen loss and IFNγ promote OC activation and subsequent bone loss in vivo. However, IFNγ deficiency prevents bone loss in Ovx mice even in fluoride conditions. Interestingly, fluoride fails to increase IFNγ expression in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-deficient conditions, but not in ERβ-deficient conditions. These findings demonstrate that fluorosis increases the bone loss in postmenopausal OP through an IFNγ-dependent mechanism. IFNγ signaling activates OC and aggravates estrogen deficiency inducing OP. Thus, stimulation of IFNγ production is a pivotal ''upstream'' mechanism by which fluoride promotes bone loss. Suppression of IFNγ levels may constitute a therapeutic approach for preventing bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Gang Lv
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010017, PR China.
| | - Guangyao Wu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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Kanagawa H, Masuyama R, Morita M, Sato Y, Niki Y, Kobayashi T, Katsuyama E, Fujie A, Hao W, Tando T, Watanabe R, Miyamoto K, Morioka H, Matsumoto M, Toyama Y, Saya H, Miyamoto T. Methotrexate inhibits osteoclastogenesis by decreasing RANKL-induced calcium influx into osteoclast progenitors. J Bone Miner Metab 2016. [PMID: 26202855 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of osteoporosis patients is a pressing issue worldwide. Osteoporosis frequently causes fragility fractures, limiting activities of daily life and increasing mortality. Many osteoporosis patients take numerous medicines due to other health issues; thus, it would be preferable if a single medicine could ameliorate osteoporosis and other conditions. Here, we screened 96 randomly selected drugs targeting various diseases for their ability to inhibit differentiation of osteoclasts, which play a pivotal role in development of osteoporosis, and identified methotrexate (MTX), as a potential inhibitor. MTX is currently used to treat sarcomas or leukemic malignancies or auto-inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through its anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive activities; however, a direct effect on osteoclast differentiation has not been shown. Here, we report that osteoclast formation and expression of osteoclastic genes such as NFATc1 and DC-STAMP, which are induced by the cytokine RANKL, are significantly inhibited by MTX. We found that RANKL-dependent calcium (Ca) influx into osteoclast progenitors was significantly inhibited by MTX. RA patients often develop osteoporosis, and osteoclasts are reportedly required for joint destruction; thus, MTX treatment could have a beneficial effect on RA patients exhibiting high osteoclast activity by preventing both osteoporosis and joint destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Kanagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Masuyama
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuiko Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tami Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Fujie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Wu Hao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshimi Tando
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Morioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Integrated Bone Metabolism and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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123
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Zhou F, Chen H, Wang X, Yu P, Hu Y. Hypoxia-induced regulation of placental REDD1 and mTOR was impaired in a rat model of estrogen-induced cholestasis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 294:1219-1226. [PMID: 27549090 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-016-4186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), regulated in development and DNA damage response-1 (REDD1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) play distinct roles in response to hypoxia. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the HIF-1α-REDD1-mTOR-mediated hypoxic stress response also operates normally in estrogen-induced cholestasis. METHODS Pregnant rats were administered with ethinylestradiol (EE) to induce cholestasis and then were subjected to feto-placental ischemia reperfusion (IR); as controls, one group received neither EE nor IR, and another two groups received only EE or IR. RESULTS Giving rats either EE alone or IR alone increased placental levels of HIF-1α, REDD1, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1), and phosphoglycerate kinase-1 (PGK1), and decreased placental mTOR and lactic dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression compared with the control rats. Subjecting EE-treated rats to IR did not further alter placental levels of REDD1 or mTOR, while it did elevate placental HIF-1α, GLUT1, and PGK1 expression, and decline LDHA expression. By contrast, mRNA levels did not differ significantly among the four groups for any of the proteins analyzed. CONCLUSIONS This study manifested that placental HIF-1α and its downstream glucose metabolism effectors can effectively react to hypoxia in EE-induced cholestasis rats. However, hypoxia-induced REDD1 and mTOR alternation, which responds efficiently in normal placentas, was impaired in EE-induced cholestasis placentas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Renmin South Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huafang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Renmin South Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Renmin South Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pin Yu
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yayi Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Renmin South Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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124
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Kitajima Y, Ono Y. Estrogens maintain skeletal muscle and satellite cell functions. J Endocrinol 2016; 229:267-75. [PMID: 27048232 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens have crucial roles in an extensive range of physiological functions regulating cellular proliferation and differentiation, development, homeostasis, and metabolism. Therefore, prolonged estrogen insufficiency influences various types of tissues expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). Although ERs are expressed in skeletal muscle and its stem cells, called satellite cells, how prolonged estrogen insufficiency affects their function remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of estrogen reduction on muscle in young ovariectomized (OVX) female mice. We found that reduced estrogens resulted in muscle atrophy in a time-dependent manner. Muscle force generation was reduced in OVX mice. Interestingly, prolonged estrogen insufficiency shifted fiber types toward faster myosin heavy chain isoforms. The number of satellite cells per isolated myofiber was unchanged, while satellite cell expansion, differentiation, and self-renewal were all markedly impaired in OVX mice. Indeed, muscle regeneration was significantly compromised in OVX mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that estrogens are essential for comprehensively maintaining muscle function with its insufficiency affecting muscle strength and regeneration in young female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Kitajima
- Department of Stem Cell BiologyAtomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Stem Cell BiologyAtomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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125
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Tando T, Hirayama A, Furukawa M, Sato Y, Kobayashi T, Funayama A, Kanaji A, Hao W, Watanabe R, Morita M, Oike T, Miyamoto K, Soga T, Nomura M, Yoshimura A, Tomita M, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Toyama Y, Miyamoto T. Smad2/3 Proteins Are Required for Immobilization-induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12184-94. [PMID: 27129272 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.680579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy promotes muscle weakness, limiting activities of daily living. However, mechanisms underlying atrophy remain unclear. Here, we show that skeletal muscle immobilization elevates Smad2/3 protein but not mRNA levels in muscle, promoting atrophy. Furthermore, we demonstrate that myostatin, which negatively regulates muscle hypertrophy, is dispensable for denervation-induced muscle atrophy and Smad2/3 protein accumulation. Moreover, muscle-specific Smad2/3-deficient mice exhibited significant resistance to denervation-induced muscle atrophy. In addition, expression of the atrogenes Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, which underlie muscle atrophy, did not increase in muscles of Smad2/3-deficient mice following denervation. We also demonstrate that serum starvation promotes Smad2/3 protein accumulation in C2C12 myogenic cells, an in vitro muscle atrophy model, an effect inhibited by IGF1 treatment. In vivo, we observed IGF1 receptor deactivation in immobilized muscle, even in the presence of normal levels of circulating IGF1. Denervation-induced muscle atrophy was accompanied by reduced glucose intake and elevated levels of branched-chain amino acids, effects that were Smad2/3-dependent. Thus, muscle immobilization attenuates IGF1 signals at the receptor rather than the ligand level, leading to Smad2/3 protein accumulation, muscle atrophy, and accompanying metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- the Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, and
| | | | - Yuiko Sato
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery
| | - Tami Kobayashi
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery
| | | | | | - Wu Hao
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery
| | | | - Mayu Morita
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582
| | | | | | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- the Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, and
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- the Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi Ward, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Tomita
- the Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, and
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Huang L, Luo Z, Hu Y, Shen X, Li M, Li L, Zhang Y, Yang W, Liu P, Cai K. Enhancement of local bone remodeling in osteoporotic rabbits by biomimic multilayered structures on Ti6Al4V implants. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1437-51. [PMID: 26822259 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life Science; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Liqi Li
- Department of Orthopedics; Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Xinqiao Street Chongqing 400037 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics; Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Xinqiao Street Chongqing 400037 People's Republic of China
| | - Weihu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China
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127
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Yousaf F, Spinowitz B. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Stabilizers: a New Avenue for Reducing BP While Helping Hemoglobin? Curr Hypertens Rep 2016; 18:23. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-016-0629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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128
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Lee MY, Kim HY, Singh D, Yeo SH, Baek SY, Park YK, Lee CH. Metabolite Profiling Reveals the Effect of Dietary Rubus coreanus Vinegar on Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in a Rat Model. Molecules 2016; 21:149. [PMID: 26821009 PMCID: PMC6273122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed at exploring the curative effects of Rubus coreanus (RC) vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis by using ovariectomized rats as a model. The investigations were performed in five groups: sham, ovariectomized (OVX) rats without treatment, low-dose RC vinegar (LRV)-treated OVX rats, high-dose RC vinegar (HRV)-treated OVX rats and alendronate (ALEN)-treated OVX rats. The efficacy of RC vinegar was evaluated using physical, biochemical, histological and metabolomic parameters. Compared to the OVX rats, the LRV and HRV groups showed positive effects on the aforementioned parameters, indicating estrogen regulation. Plasma metabolome analysis of the groups using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-TOF-MS (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with multivariate analysis revealed 19 and 16 metabolites, respectively. Notably, the levels of butyric acid, phenylalanine, glucose, tryptophan and some lysophosphatidylcholines were marginally increased in RC vinegar-treated groups compared to OVX. However, the pattern of metabolite levels in RC vinegar-treated groups was found similar to ALEN, but differed significantly from that in sham group. The results highlight the prophylactic and curative potential of dietary vinegar against postmenopausal osteoporosis. RC vinegar could be an effective natural alternative for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Youn Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Hyang Yeon Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | - Soo Hwan Yeo
- Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea.
| | - Seong Yeol Baek
- Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Korea.
| | - Yoo Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 446-791, Korea.
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kon-Kuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
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129
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Tando T, Sato Y, Miyamoto K, Morita M, Kobayashi T, Funayama A, Kanaji A, Hao W, Watanabe R, Oike T, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M, Toyama Y, Miyamoto T. Hif1α is required for osteoclast activation and bone loss in male osteoporosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:391-396. [PMID: 26792721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The number of osteoporosis patients is increasing not only in women but in men. Male osteoporosis occurs due to aging or androgen depletion therapies, leading to fractures. However, molecular mechanisms underlying male osteoporosis remain unidentified. Here, we show that hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (Hif1α) is required for development of testosterone deficiency-induced male osteoporosis. We found that in mice Hif1α protein accumulates in osteoclasts following orchidectomy (ORX) in vivo. In vitro, Hif1α protein accumulated in osteoclasts cultured in hypoxic conditions, but Hif1α protein rather than mRNA levels were suppressed by testosterone treatment, even in hypoxia. Administration of a Hif1α inhibitor to ORX mice abrogated testosterone deficiency-induced osteoclast activation and bone loss but did not alter osteoclast activities or bone phenotypes in sham-operated, testosterone-sufficient animals. We conclude that Hif1α protein accumulation due to testosterone-deficiency promotes development of male osteoporosis. Thus Hif1α protein could be targeted to inhibit pathologically-activated osteoclasts under testosterone-deficient conditions to treat male osteoporosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimi Tando
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuiko Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tami Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Funayama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Arihiko Kanaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Wu Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Oike
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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130
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Ikeda K, Takeshita S. The role of osteoclast differentiation and function in skeletal homeostasis. J Biochem 2016; 159:1-8. [PMID: 26538571 PMCID: PMC4882648 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells that differentiate from hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and carry out important physiological functions in the regulation of skeletal homeostasis as well as hematopoiesis. Osteoclast biology shares many features and components with cells of the immune system, including cytokine-receptor interactions (RANKL-RANK), intracellular signalling molecules (TRAF6) and transcription factors (NFATc1). Although the roles of these molecules in osteoclast differentiation are well known, fundamental questions remain unsolved, including the exact location of the RANKL-RANK interaction and the in vivo temporal and spatial information on the transformation of hematopoietic cells into bone-resorbing osteoclasts. This review focuses on the importance of cell-cell contact and metabolic adaptation for differentiation, relatively overlooked aspects of osteoclast biology and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoji Ikeda
- Department of Bone and Joint Disease, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Sunao Takeshita
- Department of Bone and Joint Disease, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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131
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Abstract
Bone integrity is maintained throughout life via the homeostatic actions of bone cells, namely, osteoclasts, which resorb bone, and osteoblasts, which produce bone. Disruption of this balance in favor of osteoclast activation results in pathological bone loss, which occurs in conditions including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, primary bone cancer, and cancer metastasis to bone. Hypoxia also plays a major role in these conditions, where it is associated with disease progression and poor prognosis. In recent years, considerable interest has arisen in the mechanisms whereby hypoxia and the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, affect bone remodeling and bone pathologies. This review summarizes the current evidence for hypoxia-mediated regulation of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption activity. Role(s) of HIF and HIF target genes in the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts from cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage and in the activation of bone resorption by mature osteoclasts will be discussed. Specific attention will be paid to hypoxic metabolism and generation of ATP by osteoclasts. Hypoxia-driven increases in both glycolytic flux and mitochondrial metabolic activity, along with consequent generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, have been found to be essential for osteoclast formation and resorption activity. Finally, evidence for the use of HIF inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents targeting bone resorption in osteolytic disease will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Knowles
- Botnar Research Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
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Shiomi A, Kawao N, Yano M, Okada K, Tamura Y, Okumoto K, Matsuo O, Akagi M, Kaji H. α₂-Antiplasmin is involved in bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice. Bone 2015; 79:233-41. [PMID: 26094563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of postmenopausal osteoporosis is not fully understood. α2-Antiplasmin (α2-AP) is the primary inhibitor of plasmin in the fibrinolytic system, but is known to have activities beyond fibrinolysis. However, its role in bone metabolism and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis remains unknown. In the current study, we therefore examined the effects of α2-AP deficiency on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss by using wild-type and α2-AP-deficient mice. Quantitative computed tomography analysis revealed that α2-AP deficiency blunted OVX-induced trabecular bone loss in mice. Moreover, α2-AP deficiency significantly blunted serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen, and interleukin (IL)-1β elevated by OVX. α2-AP treatment elevated the levels of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA in RAW 264.7 cells, although it suppressed osteoclast formation induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. α2-AP treatment activated ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase pathways in RAW 264.7 cells, and these MAP kinase inhibitors antagonized the levels of IL-1β mRNA elevated by α2-AP. The data demonstrate that α2-AP is linked to bone loss due to OVX, through a mechanism that depends in part on the production of IL-1β and TNF-α in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Shiomi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan; Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kawao
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masato Yano
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okada
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yukinori Tamura
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Katsumi Okumoto
- Life Science Research Institute, Kinki University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsuo
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masao Akagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kaji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
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133
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Mechanism Underlying Post-menopausal Osteoporosis: HIF1α is Required for Osteoclast Activation by Estrogen Deficiency. Keio J Med 2015; 64:44-7. [PMID: 26255954 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2015-0003-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aging of the population worldwide has sharply increased the number of post-menopausal osteoporosis patients. Bone fragility caused by osteoporosis often results in fractures; therefore, controlling osteoporosis is crucial to prevent such injuries. To date, various drugs to treat osteoporosis have been developed and launched; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying post-menopausal osteoporosis have not been fully elucidated, and additional factors that could be targeted to treat patients remain to be characterized. Recently, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) was identified as essential for osteoclast activation, an activity that promotes bone loss following menopausal estrogen deficiency. Although osteoclasts, which are located in hypoxic regions of the bone surface, express HIF1α mRNA, in pre-menopausal conditions the presence of estrogen decreases HIF1α protein levels in these cells. In menopausal conditions, however, estrogen deficiency allows HIF1α protein to accumulate in osteoclasts, leading to osteoclast activation and bone loss. Osteoclast-specific conditional HIF1α inactivation protects mice from estrogen deficiency-induced osteoclast activation and bone loss, as does systemic administration of a HIF1α inhibitor. Therefore, HIF1α represents a potential therapeutic target to prevent osteoclast activation and bone loss in post-menopausal patients.
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134
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Wei ZF, Lv Q, Xia Y, Yue MF, Shi C, Xia YF, Chou GX, Wang ZT, Dai Y. Norisoboldine, an Anti-Arthritis Alkaloid Isolated from Radix Linderae, Attenuates Osteoclast Differentiation and Inflammatory Bone Erosion in an Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent Manner. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:1113-26. [PMID: 26221077 PMCID: PMC4515821 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Norisoboldine (NOR), the primary isoquinoline alkaloid constituent of the root of Lindera aggregata, has previously been demonstrated to attenuate osteoclast (OC) differentiation. Accumulative evidence has shown that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays an important role in regulating the differentiation of various cells, and multiple isoquinoline alkaloids can modulate AhR. In the present study, we explored the role of NOR in the AhR signaling pathway. These data showed that the combination of AhR antagonist resveratrol (Res) or α-naphthoflavone (α-NF) nearly reversed the inhibition of OC differentiation through NOR. NOR could stably bind to AhR, up-regulate the nuclear translocation of AhR, and enhance the accumulation of the AhR-ARNT complex, AhR-mediated reporter gene activity and CYP1A1 expression in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that NOR might be an agonist of AhR. Moreover, NOR inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65, resulting in the evident accumulation of the AhR-NF-κB-p65 complex, which could be markedly inhibited through either Res or α-NF. Although NOR only slightly affected the expression of HIF-1α, NOR markedly reduced VEGF mRNA expression and ARNT-HIF-1α complex accumulation. In vivo studies indicated that NOR decreased the number of OCs and ameliorated the bone erosion in the joints of rats with collagen-induced arthritis, accompanied by the up-regulation of CYP1A1 and the down-regulation of VEGF mRNA expression in the synovium of rats. A combination of α-NF nearly completely reversed the effects of NOR. In conclusion, NOR attenuated OC differentiation and bone erosion through the activation of AhR and the subsequent inhibition of both NF-κB and HIF pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-feng Wei
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Lv
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Xia
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng-fan Yue
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Can Shi
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-feng Xia
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gui-xin Chou
- 2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng-tao Wang
- 2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Dai
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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135
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Hwang JH, Cha PH, Han G, Bach TT, Min DS, Choi KY. Euodia sutchuenensis Dode extract stimulates osteoblast differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e152. [PMID: 25792220 PMCID: PMC4351407 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway has a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We screened 100 plant extracts and identified an extract from Euodia sutchuenensis Dode (ESD) leaf and young branch as an effective activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ESD extract increased β-catenin levels and β-catenin nuclear accumulation in murine primary osteoblasts. The ESD extract also increased mRNA levels of osteoblast markers, including RUNX2, BMP2 and COL1A1, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in murine primary osteoblasts. Both ESD extract-induced β-catenin increment and ALP activation were abolished by β-catenin knockdown, confirming that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway functions in osteoblast differentiation. ESD extract enhanced terminal osteoblast differentiation as shown by staining with Alizarin Red S and significantly increased murine calvarial bone thickness. This study shows that ESD extract stimulates osteoblast differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and enhances murine calvarial bone formation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ha Hwang
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pu-Hyeon Cha
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Sik Min
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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136
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Guha M, Srinivasan S, Koenigstein A, Zaidi M, Avadhani NG. Enhanced osteoclastogenesis by mitochondrial retrograde signaling through transcriptional activation of the cathepsin K gene. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1364:52-61. [PMID: 25800988 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as an important factor in wide ranging human pathologies. We have previously defined a retrograde signaling pathway that originates from dysfunctional mitochondria (Mt-RS) and causes a global nuclear transcriptional reprograming as its end point. Mitochondrial dysfunction causing disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and consequent increase in cytosolic calcium [Ca(2) ](c) activates calcineurin and the transcription factors NF-κB, NFAT, CREB, and C/EBPδ. In macrophages, this signaling complements receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastic differentiation. Here, we show that the Mt-RS activated transcriptional coactivator heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A2 (hnRNP A2) is induced by hypoxia in murine macrophages. We demonstrate that the cathepsin K gene (Ctsk), one of the key genes upregulated during osteoclast differentiation, is transcriptionally activated by Mt-RS factors. HnRNP A2 acts as a coactivator with nuclear transcription factors, cRel, and C/EBPδ for Ctsk promoter activation under hypoxic conditions. Notably, our study shows that hypoxia-induced activation of the stress target factors mediates effects similar to that of RANKL with regard to Ctsk activation. We therefore suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of Mt-RS, induced by various pathophysiologic conditions, is a potential risk factor for osteoclastogenesis and bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manti Guha
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Satish Srinivasan
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Koenigstein
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mone Zaidi
- The Mount Sinai Bone Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Narayan G Avadhani
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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137
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Chen W, Cui Y, Zheng S, Huang J, Li P, Simoncini T, Zhang Y, Fu X. 2-methoxyestradiol induces vasodilation by stimulating NO release via PPARγ/PI3K/Akt pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118902. [PMID: 25748432 PMCID: PMC4351983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous estradiol metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) reduces atherosclerotic lesion formation, while the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In this work, we investigated the vasodilatory effect of 2-ME and the role of nitric oxide (NO) involved. In vivo studies using noninvasive tail-cuff methods showed that 2-ME decreased blood pressure in Sprague Dawley rats. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that cumulative addition of 2-ME to the aorta caused a dose- and endothelium-dependent vasodilation. This effect was unaffected by the pretreatment with the pure estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780, but was largely impaired by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin (WM). Moreover, 2-ME(10−7 ∼10−5 M)enhanced phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS and promoted NO release from cultured human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). These effects were blocked by PI3K inhibitor WM, or by the transfection with Akt specific siRNA, indicating that endothelial Akt/eNOS/NO cascade plays a crucial role in 2-ME-induced vasodilation. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) mRNA and protein expression were detected in HUVECs and the antagonist GW9662 or the transfection with specific PPARγ siRNA inhibited 2-ME-induced eNOS and Akt phosphorylation, leading to the impairment of NO production and vasodilation. In conclusion, 2-ME induces vasodilation by stimulating NO release. These actions may be mediated by PPARγ and the subsequent activation of Akt/eNOS cascade in vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Chen
- School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuhong Cui
- School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuhui Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinghe Huang
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56100, Italy
| | - Yongfu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong Province, China
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138
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Fujie A, Funayama A, Miyauchi Y, Sato Y, Kobayashi T, Kanagawa H, Katsuyama E, Hao W, Tando T, Watanabe R, Morita M, Miyamoto K, Kanaji A, Morioka H, Matsumoto M, Toyama Y, Miyamoto T. Bcl6 promotes osteoblastogenesis through Stat1 inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 457:451-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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139
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Shao J, Wang Z, Yang T, Ying H, Zhang Y, Liu S. Bone Regulates Glucose Metabolism as an Endocrine Organ through Osteocalcin. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:967673. [PMID: 25873961 PMCID: PMC4383405 DOI: 10.1155/2015/967673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeleton was considered as a dynamic connective tissue, which was essential for mobility, calcium homeostasis, and hematopoietic niche. However more and more evidences indicate that skeleton works not only as a structural scaffold but also as an endocrine organ, which regulates several metabolic processes. Besides osteoprotegerin (OPG), sclerostin (SOST), and Dickopf (DKK) which play essential roles in bone formation, modelling, remodelling, and homeostasis, bone can also secret hormones, such as osteocalcin (OCN), which promotes proliferation of β cells, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. Additionally OCN can also regulate the fat cells and male gonad endocrine activity and be regulated by insulin and the neural system. In summary, skeleton has endocrine function via OCN and plays an important role in energy metabolism, especially in glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Tieyi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
- *Tieyi Yang:
| | - Hui Ying
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Shuyi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital/Clinical School, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
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140
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Rotival M, Ko JH, Srivastava PK, Kerloc'h A, Montoya A, Mauro C, Faull P, Cutillas PR, Petretto E, Behmoaras J. Integrating phosphoproteome and transcriptome reveals new determinants of macrophage multinucleation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 14:484-98. [PMID: 25532521 PMCID: PMC4349971 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.043836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage multinucleation (MM) is essential for various biological processes such as osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and multinucleated giant cell-associated inflammatory reactions. Here we study the molecular pathways underlying multinucleation in the rat through an integrative approach combining MS-based quantitative phosphoproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and transcriptome (high-throughput RNA-sequencing) to identify new regulators of MM. We show that a strong metabolic shift toward HIF1-mediated glycolysis occurs at transcriptomic level during MM, together with modifications in phosphorylation of over 50 proteins including several ARF GTPase activators and polyphosphate inositol phosphatases. We use shortest-path analysis to link differential phosphorylation with the transcriptomic reprogramming of macrophages and identify LRRFIP1, SMARCA4, and DNMT1 as novel regulators of MM. We experimentally validate these predictions by showing that knock-down of these latter reduce macrophage multinucleation. These results provide a new framework for the combined analysis of transcriptional and post-translational changes during macrophage multinucleation, prioritizing essential genes, and revealing the sequential events leading to the multinucleation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Rotival
- From the ‡Integrative Genomics and Medicine, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Jeong-Hun Ko
- §Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research (CCIR), Imperial College London, UK
| | - Prashant K Srivastava
- From the ‡Integrative Genomics and Medicine, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Audrey Kerloc'h
- §Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research (CCIR), Imperial College London, UK
| | - Alex Montoya
- ‖Biological Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Laboratory, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Claudio Mauro
- ¶William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Peter Faull
- ‖Biological Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Laboratory, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Pedro R Cutillas
- **Integrative Cell Signaling and Proteomics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Enrico Petretto
- From the ‡Integrative Genomics and Medicine, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, UK;
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- §Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research (CCIR), Imperial College London, UK;
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141
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Gomes-Filho JE, Wayama MT, Dornelles RCM, Ervolino E, Yamanari GH, Lodi CS, Sivieri-Araújo G, Dezan-Júnior E, Cintra LTA. Raloxifene modulates regulators of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis in an oestrogen deficiency periapical lesion model. Int Endod J 2014; 48:1059-68. [PMID: 25354165 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the local regulatory mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis during the progression of periapical lesions in female rats with oestrogen deficiency and treatment with raloxifene (RLX). METHODOLOGY Female Wistar rats were distributed into groups: SHAM-veh, subjected to sham surgery and treated with a vehicle; OVX-veh, subjected to ovary removal and treated with a vehicle; and OVX-RLX, subjected to ovary removal and treated with RLX. Vehicle or RLX was administered orally for 90 days. During treatment, the dental pulp of mandibular first molars was exposed to the oral environment for induction of periapical lesions, which were analysed after 7 and 30 days. After the experimental periods, blood samples were collected for measurement of oestradiol, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. The rats were euthanized and the mandibles removed and processed for immunohistochemical detection of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP). Data were compared using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test (nonparametric values) and anova followed by the Tukey's test (parametric values). RESULTS The plasma concentration of oestradiol showed hypo-oestrogenism in the rats subjected to ovary removal. On day 7, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium and phosphorus were higher in the OVX-RLX group than in the OVX-veh group (P < 0.001), but immunolabelling for RANKL and HIF-1α was lower in OVX-RLX group (P < 0.001). On day 30, the OVX-veh group had higher immunolabelling for RANKL than the OVX-RLX group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the immunoreactivity of OPG and BALP between any groups at either time-point (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION RLX therapy reversed the increased levels of the local regulators of both osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis induced by oestrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - M T Wayama
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - R C M Dornelles
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - E Ervolino
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - G H Yamanari
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - C S Lodi
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - G Sivieri-Araújo
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - E Dezan-Júnior
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - L T A Cintra
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
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142
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Sato Y, Miyauchi Y, Yoshida S, Morita M, Kobayashi T, Kanagawa H, Katsuyama E, Fujie A, Hao W, Tando T, Watanabe R, Miyamoto K, Morioka H, Matsumoto M, Toyama Y, Miyamoto T. The vitamin D analogue ED71 but Not 1,25(OH)2D3 targets HIF1α protein in osteoclasts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111845. [PMID: 25375896 PMCID: PMC4222951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although both an active form of the vitamin D metabolite, 1,25(OH)2D3, and the vitamin D analogue, ED71 have been used to treat osteoporosis, anti-bone resorbing activity is reportedly seen only in ED71- but not in 1,25(OH)2D3 -treated patients. In addition, how ED71 inhibits osteoclast activity in patients has not been fully characterized. Recently, HIF1α expression in osteoclasts was demonstrated to be required for development of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Here we show that ED71 but not 1,25(OH)2D3, suppress HIF1α protein expression in osteoclasts in vitro. We found that 1,25(OH)2D3 or ED71 function in osteoclasts requires the vitamin D receptor (VDR). ED71 was significantly less effective in inhibiting M-CSF and RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis than was 1,25(OH)2D3in vitro. Downregulation of c-Fos protein and induction of Ifnβ mRNA in osteoclasts, both of which reportedly block osteoclastogenesis induced by 1,25(OH)2D3in vitro, were both significantly higher following treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 than with ED71. Thus, suppression of HIF1α protein activity in osteoclasts in vitro, which is more efficiently achieved by ED71 rather than by 1,25(OH)2D3, could be a reliable read-out in either developing or screening reagents targeting osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuiko Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Miyauchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yoshida
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tami Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Integrated Bone Metabolism and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kanagawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Fujie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wu Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimi Tando
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Morioka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Toyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Integrated Bone Metabolism and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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143
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Torres M, Palomer X, Montserrat JM, Vázquez-Carrera M, Farré R. Effect of ovariectomy on inflammation induced by intermittent hypoxia in a mouse model of sleep apnea. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 202:71-4. [PMID: 25150504 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patient data report marked gender and pre-vs-postmenopausal differences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, no experimental data are available on how sexual hormones modulate OSA consequences. Here we report novel results on estrogen-modulated heart and brain inflammation in female mice subjected to intermittent hypoxia, a major injurious challenge in OSA. C57BL/6J (14-week old) intact and ovariectomized mice (n=6 each) were subjected to intermittent hypoxia (20 s at 5% and 40s at 21%, 60 cycles/h; 6 h/day). Identical intact and ovariectomized groups breathing room air were controls. After 30 days, the gene expressions of interleukins 6 and 8 (IL-6, IL-8) in the brain and heart tissues were measured. Whereas, compared with normoxia, intermittent hypoxia considerably increased IL-6 and IL-8 gene expressions in intact females, no change was found in ovariectomized mice when comparing normoxia and intermittent hypoxia. These data suggest that estrogens modulate the inflammatory effects of intermittent hypoxia and point to further studies on the role played by sex hormones in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Laboratori del Son, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Department de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Montserrat
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Laboratori del Son, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain
| | - Manel Vázquez-Carrera
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Department de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, IBUB (Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona-IDIBAPS, Spain.
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144
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Kim M, Neinast MD, Frank AP, Sun K, Park J, Zehr JA, Vishvanath L, Morselli E, Amelotte M, Palmer BF, Gupta RK, Scherer PE, Clegg DJ. ERα upregulates Phd3 to ameliorate HIF-1 induced fibrosis and inflammation in adipose tissue. Mol Metab 2014; 3:642-51. [PMID: 25161887 PMCID: PMC4142394 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) promotes fibrosis and inflammation in adipose tissues, while estrogens and Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) have the opposite effect. Here we identify an Estrogen Response Element (ERE) in the promoter of Phd3, which is a negative regulatory enzyme of HIF-1, and we demonstrate HIF-1α is ubiquitinated following 17-β estradiol (E2)/ERα mediated Phd3 transcription. Manipulating ERα in vivo increases Phd3 transcription and reduces HIF-1 activity, while addition of PHD3 ameliorates adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation. Our findings outline a novel regulatory relationship between E2/ERα, PHD3 and HIF-1 in adipose tissues, providing a mechanistic explanation for the protective effect of E2/ERα in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael D Neinast
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Aaron P Frank
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA ; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST Street, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - Jordan A Zehr
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mason Amelotte
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Biff F Palmer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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145
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Zhao G, Liu Y, Fang J, Chen Y, Li H, Gao K. Dimethyl fumarate inhibits the expression and function of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 448:303-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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146
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A hypoxia-inducible factor stabilized by estrogen: its role in osteoporosis. BONEKEY REPORTS 2014; 3:489. [PMID: 24466414 PMCID: PMC3899562 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2013.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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