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Toward Non-Invasive Estimation of Blood Glucose Concentration: A Comparative Performance. MATHEMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/math9202529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study comprises a comparison of the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) as feature extraction methods using ten different regression algorithms (AdaBoost, Bayesian Ridge, Decision Tree, Elastic Net, k-NN, Linear Regression, MLP, Random Forest, Ridge Regression and Support Vector Regression) to quantify the blood glucose concentration. A total of 122 participants—healthy and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes—were invited to be part of this study. The entire set of participants was divided into two partitions: a training subset of 72 participants, which was intended for model selection, and a validation subset comprising the remaining 50 participants, to test the selected model. A 3D-printed chamber for providing a light-controlled environment and a low-cost microcontroller unit were used to acquire optical measurements. The MFCC, PCA and ICA were calculated by an open-hardware computing platform. The glucose levels estimated by the system were compared to actual glucose concentrations measured by venipuncture in a laboratory test, using the mean absolute error, the mean absolute percentage error and the Clarke error grid for this purpose. The best results were obtained for MCCF with AdaBoost and Random Forest (MAE = 11.6 for both).
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102
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Yaqub MA, Hong KS, Zafar A, Kim CS. Control of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Duration by Assessing Functional Connectivity of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Signals. Int J Neural Syst 2021; 32:2150050. [PMID: 34609264 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065721500507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to create neuroplasticity in healthy and diseased populations. The control of stimulation duration by providing real-time brain state feedback using neuroimaging is a topic of great interest. This study presents the feasibility of a closed-loop modulation for the targeted functional network in the prefrontal cortex. We hypothesize that we cannot improve the brain state further after reaching a specific state during a stimulation therapy session. A high-definition tDCS of 1[Formula: see text]mA arranged in a ring configuration was applied at the targeted right prefrontal cortex of 15 healthy male subjects for 10[Formula: see text]min. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor hemoglobin chromophores during the stimulation period continuously. The correlation matrices obtained from filtered oxyhemoglobin were binarized to form subnetworks of short- and long-range connections. The connectivity in all subnetworks was analyzed individually using a new quantification measure of connectivity percentage based on the correlation matrix. The short-range network in the stimulated hemisphere showed increased connectivity in the initial stimulation phase. However, the increase in connection density reduced significantly after 6[Formula: see text]min of stimulation. The short-range network of the left hemisphere and the long-range network gradually increased throughout the stimulation period. The connectivity percentage measure showed a similar response with network theory parameters. The connectivity percentage and network theory metrics represent the brain state during the stimulation therapy. The results from the network theory metrics, including degree centrality, efficiency, and connection density, support our hypothesis and provide a guideline for feedback on the brain state. The proposed neuro-feedback scheme is feasible to control the stimulation duration to avoid overdosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Atif Yaqub
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Amad Zafar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Lahore, Sihala Zone V, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Chang-Seok Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
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103
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Reduced Semantic Context and Signal-to-Noise Ratio Increase Listening Effort As Measured Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Ear Hear 2021; 43:836-848. [PMID: 34623112 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding speech-in-noise can be highly effortful. Decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of speech increases listening effort, but it is relatively unclear if decreasing the level of semantic context does as well. The current study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to evaluate two primary hypotheses: (1) listening effort (operationalized as oxygenation of the left lateral PFC) increases as the SNR decreases and (2) listening effort increases as context decreases. DESIGN Twenty-eight younger adults with normal hearing completed the Revised Speech Perception in Noise Test, in which they listened to sentences and reported the final word. These sentences either had an easy SNR (+4 dB) or a hard SNR (-2 dB), and were either low in semantic context (e.g., "Tom could have thought about the sport") or high in context (e.g., "She had to vacuum the rug"). PFC oxygenation was measured throughout using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS Accuracy on the Revised Speech Perception in Noise Test was worse when the SNR was hard than when it was easy, and worse for sentences low in semantic context than high in context. Similarly, oxygenation across the entire PFC (including the left lateral PFC) was greater when the SNR was hard, and left lateral PFC oxygenation was greater when context was low. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that activation of the left lateral PFC (interpreted here as reflecting listening effort) increases to compensate for acoustic and linguistic challenges. This may reflect the increased engagement of domain-general and domain-specific processes subserved by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (e.g., cognitive control) and inferior frontal gyrus (e.g., predicting the sensory consequences of articulatory gestures), respectively.
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104
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Gilmore N, Yücel MA, Li X, Boas DA, Kiran S. Investigating Language and Domain-General Processing in Neurotypicals and Individuals With Aphasia - A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Pilot Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:728151. [PMID: 34602997 PMCID: PMC8484538 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.728151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain reorganization patterns associated with language recovery after stroke have long been debated. Studying mechanisms of spontaneous and treatment-induced language recovery in post-stroke aphasia requires a network-based approach given the potential for recruitment of perilesional left hemisphere language regions, homologous right hemisphere language regions, and/or spared bilateral domain-general regions. Recent hardware, software, and methodological advances in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) make it well-suited to examine this question. fNIRS is cost-effective with minimal contraindications, making it a robust option to monitor treatment-related brain activation changes over time. Establishing clear activation patterns in neurotypical adults during language and domain-general cognitive processes via fNIRS is an important first step. Some fNIRS studies have investigated key language processes in healthy adults, yet findings are challenging to interpret in the context of methodological limitations. This pilot study used fNIRS to capture brain activation during language and domain-general processing in neurotypicals and individuals with aphasia. These findings will serve as a reference when interpreting treatment-related changes in brain activation patterns in post-stroke aphasia in the future. Twenty-four young healthy controls, seventeen older healthy controls, and six individuals with left hemisphere stroke-induced aphasia completed two language tasks (i.e., semantic feature, picture naming) and one domain-general cognitive task (i.e., arithmetic) twice during fNIRS. The probe covered bilateral frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes and included short-separation detectors for scalp signal nuisance regression. Younger and older healthy controls activated core language regions during semantic feature processing (e.g., left inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis) and lexical retrieval (e.g., left inferior frontal gyrus pars triangularis) and domain-general regions (e.g., bilateral middle frontal gyri) during hard versus easy arithmetic as expected. Consistent with theories of post-stroke language recovery, individuals with aphasia activated areas outside the traditional networks: left superior frontal gyrus and left supramarginal gyrus during semantic feature judgment; left superior frontal gyrus and right precentral gyrus during picture naming; and left inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis during arithmetic processing. The preliminary findings in the stroke group highlight the utility of using fNIRS to study language and domain-general processing in aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gilmore
- Department of Speech Language & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meryem Ayse Yücel
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xinge Li
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Swathi Kiran
- Department of Speech Language & Hearing Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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105
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Oshina I, Spigulis J. Beer-Lambert law for optical tissue diagnostics: current state of the art and the main limitations. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210167VRR. [PMID: 34713647 PMCID: PMC8553265 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.10.100901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Beer-Lambert law (BLL) is a widely used tool for contact and remote determination of absorber concentration in various media, including living tissues. Originally proposed in the 18th century as a simple exponential expression, it has survived numerous modifications and updates. The basic assumptions of this law may not be fulfilled in real measurement conditions. This can lead to mistaken or misinterpreted results. In particular, the effects to be additionally taken into account in the tissue measurements include anisotropy, scattering, fluorescence, chemical equilibria, interference, dichroism, spectral bandwidth disagreements, stray radiation, and instrumental effects. AIM We review the current state of the art and the main limitations of remote tissue diagnostics using the BLL. Historical development of updating this law by taking into account specific additional factors such as light scattering and photon pathlengths in diffuse reflectance is described, along with highlighting the main risks to be considered by interpreting the measured data. APPROACH Literature data related to extension and modification of the BLL related to tissue assessment and concentration estimation of specific tissue molecules are collected and analyzed. The main emphasis here is put on the optical measurements of living tissue chromophore concentrations and estimation of physiological parameters, e.g., blood oxygen saturation. RESULTS Modified expressions of the BLL suitable for several specific cases of living tissue characterization are presented and discussed. CONCLUSIONS Applications of updated/modified Beer-Lambert law (MBLL) with respect to particular measurement conditions are helpful for obtaining more reliable data on the target tissue physiological state and biochemical content. MBLL accounting for the role of scattering in several ways appears to be a successful approach. Extended MBLL and BLL in the time domain form could provide more accurate results, but this requires more time resources to be spent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Oshina
- University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, Biophotonics Laboratory, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Spigulis
- University of Latvia, Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, Biophotonics Laboratory, Riga, Latvia
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106
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Sato JR, Junior CEB, de Araújo ELM, de Souza Rodrigues J, Andrade SM. A guide for the use of fNIRS in microcephaly associated to congenital Zika virus infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19270. [PMID: 34588470 PMCID: PMC8481532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is characterized by changes in cranial morphology associated with heterogeneous neurological manifestations and cognitive and behavioral impairments. In this syndrome, longitudinal neuroimaging could help clinicians to predict developmental trajectories of children and tailor treatment plans accordingly. However, regularly acquiring magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has several shortcomings besides cost, particularly those associated with childrens' clinical presentation as sensitivity to environmental stimuli. The indirect monitoring of local neural activity by non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique can be a useful alternative for longitudinally accessing the brain function in children with CZS. In order to provide a common framework for advancing longitudinal neuroimaging assessment, we propose a principled guideline for fNIRS acquisition and analyses in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Based on our experience on collecting fNIRS data in children with CZS we emphasize the methodological challenges, such as clinical characteristics of the sample, desensitization, movement artifacts and environment control, as well as suggestions for tackling such challenges. Finally, metrics based on fNIRS can be associated with established clinical metrics, thereby opening possibilities for exploring this tool as a long-term predictor when assessing the effectiveness of treatments aimed at children with severe neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli Junior
- Center of Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Elidianne Layanne Medeiros de Araújo
- Laboratory of Aging and Neuroscience Studies, Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Suellen Marinho Andrade
- Laboratory of Aging and Neuroscience Studies, Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PA, Brazil.
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107
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Bai W, Guo H, Ouyang W, Weng Y, Wu C, Liu Y, Zang H, Jacobson L, Xu Y, Lu D, Hu Z, Li S, Arafa HM, Yang Q, Westman AM, MacEwan MR, Rogers JA, Pet MA. Intramuscular Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Muscle Flap Monitoring in a Porcine Model. J Reconstr Microsurg 2021; 38:321-327. [PMID: 34553344 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based systems for continuous flap monitoring are limited to flaps which carry a cutaneous paddle. As such, this useful and reliable technology has not previously been applicable to muscle-only free flaps where other modalities with substantial limitations continue to be utilized. METHODS We present the first NIRS probe which allows continuous monitoring of local tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) directly within the substance of muscle tissue. This probe is flexible, subcentimeter in scale, waterproof, biocompatible, and is fitted with resorbable barbs which facilitate temporary autostabilization followed by easy atraumatic removal. This novel device was compared with a ViOptix T.Ox monitor in a porcine rectus abdominus myocutaneous flap model of arterial and venous occlusions. During these experiments, the T.Ox device was affixed to the skin paddle, while the novel probe was within the muscle component of the same flap. RESULTS The intramuscular NIRS device and skin-mounted ViOptix T.Ox devices produced very similar StO2 tracings throughout the vascular clamping events, with obvious and parallel changes occurring upon vascular clamping and release. The normalized cross-correlation at zero lag describing correspondence between the novel intramuscular NIRS and T.Ox devices was >0.99. CONCLUSION This novel intramuscular NIRS probe offers continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation within muscle flaps. This experiment demonstrates the potential suitability of this intramuscular NIRS probe for the task of muscle-only free flap monitoring, where NIRS has not previously been applicable. Testing in the clinical environment is necessary to assess durability and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hexia Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yang Weng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Changsheng Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yihan Liu
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hao Zang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lauren Jacobson
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yameng Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ziying Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hany M Arafa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Quansan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Amanda M Westman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew R MacEwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John A Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mitchell A Pet
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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108
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Yang CH, Wang C, Singh S, Fan N, Liu S, Zhao L, Cao H, Xie W, Yang C, Huang CF. Golgi-localised manganese transporter PML3 regulates Arabidopsis growth through modulating Golgi glycosylation and cell wall biosynthesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:2200-2214. [PMID: 33454966 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Golgi is a critical compartment for both the reutilisation of the essential micronutrient manganese (Mn) and its detoxification. However, whether Mn plays a role in the Golgi remains to be demonstrated in plants. We characterised the function of PML3, a member of the Unknown Protein Family UPF0016, in Mn transport and the regulation of plant growth, Golgi glycosylation and cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. We also investigated the relationship of PML3 with NRAMP2, a trans-Golgi network localised Mn transporter. PML3-GFP is preferentially localised in the cis-Golgi. PML3 can transport Mn to rescue the hypersensitivity of yeast mutant Δpmr1 to excess Mn. Two mutant alleles of PML3 displayed reduced plant growth and impaired seed development under Mn-deficient conditions. The pml3 mutants also showed impaired Golgi glycosylation and cell wall biosynthesis under Mn deficiency. Double mutations of PML3 and NRAMP2 showed improved plant growth compared with that of single mutants under Mn deficiency, implying that PML3 and NRAMP2 play opposite roles in the regulation of Golgi Mn levels. Our results suggest that PML3 mediates Mn uptake into the Golgi compartments, which is required for proper protein glycosylation and cell wall biosynthesis under Mn-deficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Yang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Somesh Singh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ni Fan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hengliang Cao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenxiang Xie
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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109
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Mukli P, Csipo T, Lipecz A, Stylianou O, Racz FS, Owens CD, Perry JW, Tarantini S, Sorond FA, Kellawan JM, Purebl G, Yang Y, Sonntag WE, Csiszar A, Ungvari ZI, Yabluchanskiy A. Sleep deprivation alters task-related changes in functional connectivity of the frontal cortex: A near-infrared spectroscopy study. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02135. [PMID: 34156165 PMCID: PMC8413792 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is known to be associated with decreased cognitive performance; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. As interactions between distinct brain regions depend on mental state, functional brain networks established by these connections typically show a reorganization during task. Hence, analysis of functional connectivity (FC) could reveal the task-related change in the examined frontal brain networks. Our objective was to assess the impact of SD on static FC in the prefrontal and motor cortices and find whether changes in FC correlate with changes in neuropsychological scores. Healthy young male individuals (n = 10, 27.6 ± 3.7 years of age) participated in the study. A battery of tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and 48 channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measurements were performed before and after 24 hr of SD. Network metrics were obtained by graph theoretical analysis using the fNIRS records in resting state and during finger-tapping sessions. During task, SD resulted in a significantly smaller decrease in the number and strength of functional connections (characterizing FC) in the frontal cortex. Changes in the global connection strengths correlated with decreased performance in the paired association learning test. These results indicate a global impact of SD on functional brain networks in the frontal lobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mukli
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- International Training Program in GeroscienceDoctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public HealthSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceDoctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public HealthSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Division of Clinical PhysiologyDepartment of CardiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Agnes Lipecz
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceDoctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public HealthSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of OphthalmologyJosa Andras HospitalNyiregyhazaHungary
| | - Orestis Stylianou
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Institute of Translational MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Frigyes Samuel Racz
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Cameron D. Owens
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Jonathan W. Perry
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceDoctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public HealthSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of Health Promotion SciencesCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Farzaneh A. Sorond
- Division of Stroke and Neurocritical CareDepartment of NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Jeremy M. Kellawan
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA
| | - György Purebl
- Institute of Behavioral SciencesSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Yuan Yang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of OklahomaTulsaOKUSA
| | - William E. Sonntag
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceTheoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine and Medical Physics and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Zoltan I. Ungvari
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceDoctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public HealthSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Department of Health Promotion SciencesCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
- International Training Program in GeroscienceTheoretical Medicine Doctoral School/Departments of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine and Medical Physics and InformaticsUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain AgingDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
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110
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Why he buys it and she doesn't – Exploring self-reported and neural gender differences in the perception of eCommerce websites. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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111
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Li M, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Jing R, Dang Y, Chen X, He J, Si J. Detecting Residual Awareness in Patients With Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness: An fNIRS Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:618055. [PMID: 34393964 PMCID: PMC8355369 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.618055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in neuroimaging technologies have provided insights into detecting residual consciousness and assessing cognitive abilities in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is non-invasive and portable and can be used for longitudinal bedside monitoring, making it uniquely suited for evaluating brain function in patients with DOC at appropriate spatiotemporal resolutions. In this pilot study, an active command-driven motor imagery (MI) paradigm based on fNIRS was used to detect residual consciousness in patients with prolonged DOC. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used to classify yes-or-no responses. The results showed that relatively reliable responses were detected from three out of five patients in a minimally consciousness state (MCS). One of the patients answered all the questions accurately when assessed according to this method. This study confirmed the feasibility of using portable fNIRS technology to detect residual cognitive ability in patients with prolonged DOC by active command-driven motor imagery. We hope to detect the exact level of consciousness in DOC patients who may have a higher level of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujin Zhang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Gao
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Rixing Jing
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juanning Si
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
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112
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Zhang M, Alamatsaz N, Ihlefeld A. Hemodynamic Responses Link Individual Differences in Informational Masking to the Vicinity of Superior Temporal Gyrus. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:675326. [PMID: 34366772 PMCID: PMC8339305 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.675326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressing unwanted background sound is crucial for aural communication. A particularly disruptive type of background sound, informational masking (IM), often interferes in social settings. However, IM mechanisms are incompletely understood. At present, IM is identified operationally: when a target should be audible, based on suprathreshold target/masker energy ratios, yet cannot be heard because target-like background sound interferes. We here confirm that speech identification thresholds differ dramatically between low- vs. high-IM background sound. However, speech detection thresholds are comparable across the two conditions. Moreover, functional near infrared spectroscopy recordings show that task-evoked blood oxygenation changes near the superior temporal gyrus (STG) covary with behavioral speech detection performance for high-IM but not low-IM background sound, suggesting that the STG is part of an IM-dependent network. Moreover, listeners who are more vulnerable to IM show increased hemodynamic recruitment near STG, an effect that cannot be explained based on differences in task difficulty across low- vs. high-IM. In contrast, task-evoked responses near another auditory region of cortex, the caudal inferior frontal sulcus (cIFS), do not predict behavioral sensitivity, suggesting that the cIFS belongs to an IM-independent network. Results are consistent with the idea that cortical gating shapes individual vulnerability to IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Nima Alamatsaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
- Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Antje Ihlefeld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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113
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Zhu Y, Sun F, Chiu MM, Siu AYS. Effects of high-intensity interval exercise and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on executive function of healthy young males. Physiol Behav 2021; 239:113505. [PMID: 34153324 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared the executive function (EF) performance induced by moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) versus high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), under two exercise modalities (i.e., running vs. cycling), and explored whether the changes in EF performance were related to the hemodynamics response of the cerebral prefrontal area of the brain. METHODS In a randomized cross-over design, 16 male participants completed 4 main trials, i.e., 40 min of moderate-intensity continuous running (MICR) or cycling (MICC) with 60% maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), 33 min of high-intensity interval running (HIIR) or cycling (HIIC). For HIIR or HIIC trials, the exercise intensity was 60% VO2max for the first 5 min, followed by four 4-minute bouts of exercise at 90% VO2max, separated by 3-minute active recovery at 60% VO2max. EF was assessed via the Eriksen Flanker task (EFT) before (Pre), immediately after (Post 0), and 10 min after exercise (Post 10). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measured oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) concentrations in the prefrontal area. Each main trial measured the concentrations of blood glucose and lactate, heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion. RESULTS (1) Compared to the reaction time in EFT during the pretest, the corresponding reaction time was shorter at Post 10 (P < 0.01) but not at Post 0 (P = 0.06). Specifically, reaction time was shorter at Post 10 than in the pretest in HIIC (P = 0.04), MICC (P = 0.01), and HIIR (P < 0.01) but not MICR. (2) The fNIRS results revealed that O2Hb concentrations in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex area were much lower during Post 10 than during the pretest. (3) The blood lactate concentrations were not associated with EF performance regarding both accuracy and reaction time. CONCLUSION Compared to the pretest, EF was greater after the 10-minute rest during recovery but not immediately after exercise. The different HIIE or MICE protocols adopted in the present study may elicit minor differences regarding their effects on EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fenghua Sun
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ming Ming Chiu
- Department of Special Education and Counselling & Assessment Research Centre, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Agatha Yi-Sum Siu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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114
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Spink SS, Teng F, Pera V, Peterson HM, Cormier T, Sauer-Budge A, Chargin D, Brookfield S, Eggebrecht AT, Ko N, Roblyer D. High optode-density wearable diffuse optical probe for monitoring paced breathing hemodynamics in breast tissue. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200339SSR. [PMID: 34080400 PMCID: PMC8170390 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.6.062708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) provides in vivo quantification of tissue chromophores such as oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin (HbO2 and HHb, respectively). These parameters have been shown to be useful for predicting neoadjuvant treatment response in breast cancer patients. However, most DOI devices designed for the breast are nonportable, making frequent longitudinal monitoring during treatment a challenge. Furthermore, hemodynamics related to the respiratory cycle are currently unexplored in the breast and may have prognostic value. AIM To design, fabricate, and validate a high optode-density wearable continuous wave diffuse optical probe for the monitoring of breathing hemodynamics in breast tissue. APPROACH The probe has a rigid-flex design with 16 dual-wavelength sources and 16 detectors. Performance was characterized on tissue-simulating phantoms, and validation was performed through flow phantom and cuff occlusion measurements. The breasts of N = 4 healthy volunteers were measured while performing a breathing protocol. RESULTS The probe has 512 unique source-detector (S-D) pairs that span S-D separations of 10 to 54 mm. It exhibited good performance characteristics: μa drift of 0.34%/h, μa precision of 0.063%, and mean SNR ≥ 24 dB up to 41 mm S-D separation. Absorption contrast was detected in flow phantoms at depths exceeding 28 mm. A cuff occlusion measurement confirmed the ability of the probe to track expected hemodynamics in vivo. Breast measurements on healthy volunteers during paced breathing revealed median signal-to-motion artifact ratios ranging from 8.1 to 8.7 dB. Median ΔHbO2 and ΔHHb amplitudes ranged from 0.39 to 0.67 μM and 0.08 to 0.12 μM, respectively. Median oxygen saturations at the respiratory rate ranged from 82% to 87%. CONCLUSIONS A wearable diffuse optical probe has been designed and fabricated for the measurement of breast tissue hemodynamics. This device is capable of quantifying breathing-related hemodynamics in healthy breast tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S. Spink
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Fei Teng
- Boston University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Vivian Pera
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hannah M. Peterson
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tim Cormier
- Boston University, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Alexis Sauer-Budge
- Boston University, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - David Chargin
- Boston University, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sam Brookfield
- Boston University, Fraunhofer Center for Manufacturing Innovation, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Adam T. Eggebrecht
- Washington University, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Naomi Ko
- Boston Medical Center, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Women’s Health Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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115
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Pintavirooj C, Ni B, Chatkobkool C, Pinijkij K. Noninvasive Portable Hemoglobin Concentration Monitoring System Using Optical Sensor for Anemia Disease. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:647. [PMID: 34072533 PMCID: PMC8230267 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a condition in which red blood cells are not able to carry adequate oxygen to the body's tissues, and is widely found in nearly a quarter of the world population. The typical method to screen for the iron-deficiency anemia, which is the major anemia found in the world, is to implement a blood test called a complete blood count (CBC). However, even though this test gives a highly accurate result, it requires an invasive blood drawing and lab analyzing which could potentially cause physical pain, high risk of infection and take a long time to analyze. Therefore, this research presents an alternative method using an optical technique to measure hemoglobin concentration, which is the common indicator for diagnosing anemia. The light absorbance of the oxyhemoglobin at the wavelength of 660 nm and the deoxyhemoglobin at the wavelength of 880 nm were measured using the MAX30100 sensor. These wavelengths of light are obtained from red and infrared (IR) LEDs. The concept is based on the different absorption coefficients of blood at different electromagnetic wavelengths. This fact is used to indirectly calculate the hemoglobin concentration of blood through the modified Beer-Lambert law. Moreover, the result has been further converted to absolute hemoglobin concentration using a calibration curve derived from the cyanmethemoglobin test, which is the regular method for hemoglobin determination. Besides, the android application was also provided which can wirelessly record or monitor the data. The experiment shows that an accuracy of 90.9% can be achieved by our proposed noninvasive method. Therefore, the noninvasive portable hemoglobin concentration monitoring by the optical sensor has an acceptable result when compared with the invasive method, with less pain and lower risk of infection, as well as shorter processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchart Pintavirooj
- School of Engineering, King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (C.C.); (K.P.)
| | - Baorong Ni
- Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan
| | - Chaiwat Chatkobkool
- School of Engineering, King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (C.C.); (K.P.)
| | - Kittitorn Pinijkij
- School of Engineering, King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand; (C.C.); (K.P.)
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Effects of urethane and isoflurane on the sensory evoked response and local blood flow in the early postnatal rat somatosensory cortex. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9567. [PMID: 33953244 PMCID: PMC8099888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional studies in the central nervous system are often conducted using anesthesia. While the dose-dependent effects of anesthesia on neuronal activity have been extensively characterized in adults, little is known about the effects of anesthesia on cortical activity and cerebral blood flow in the immature central nervous system. Substitution of electrophysiological recordings with the less-invasive technique of optical intrinsic signal imaging (OIS) in vivo allowed simultaneous recordings of sensory-evoked functional response and local blood flow changes in the neonatal rat barrel cortex. Using OIS we characterize the effects of two widely used anesthetics—urethane and isoflurane. We found that both anesthetics suppressed the sensory-evoked optical intrinsic signal in a dose-dependent manner. Dependence of the cortical response suppression matched the exponential decay model. At experimental levels of anesthesia, urethane affected the evoked cortical response less than isoflurane, which is in agreement with the results of electrophysiological recordings demonstrated by other authors. Changes in oxygenation and local blood flow also showed negative correlation with both anesthetics. The high similarity in immature patterns of activity recorded in different regions of the developing cortex suggested similar principles of development regardless of the cortical region. Therefore the indicated results should be taken into account during functional explorations in the entire developing cortex. Our results also point to urethane as the anesthetic of choice in non-survival experimental recordings in the developing brain as it produces less prominent impairment of cortical neuronal activity in neonatal animals.
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117
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Hu Z, Liu L, Wang M, Jia G, Li H, Si F, Dong M, Qian Q, Niu H. Disrupted signal variability of spontaneous neural activity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:3037-3049. [PMID: 34168913 PMCID: PMC8194629 DOI: 10.1364/boe.418921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Brain signal variability (BSV) has shown to be powerful in characterizing human brain development and neuropsychiatric disorders. Multiscale entropy (MSE) is a novel method for quantifying the variability of brain signal, and helps elucidate complex dynamic pathological mechanisms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, multiple-channel resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) imaging data were acquired from 42 children with ADHD and 41 healthy controls (HCs) and then BSV was calculated for each participant based on the MSE analysis. Compared with HCs, ADHD group exhibited reduced BSV in both high-order and primary brain functional networks, e.g., the default mode, frontoparietal, attention and visual networks. Intriguingly, the BSV aberrations negatively correlated with ADHD symptoms in the frontoparietal network and negatively correlated with reaction time variability in the frontoparietal, default mode, somatomotor and attention networks. This study demonstrates a wide alternation in the moment-to-moment variability of spontaneous brain signal in children with ADHD, and highlights the potential for using MSE metric as a disease biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Zhenyan Hu and Lu Liu contributed equally to this research
| | - Lu Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
- Zhenyan Hu and Lu Liu contributed equally to this research
| | - Mengjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Gaoding Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haimei Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feifei Si
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Dong
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
| | - HaiJing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Endo T, Kime R, Fuse S, Murase N, Kurosawa Y, Hamaoka T. Changes in Optical Path Length Reveal Significant Potential Errors of Muscle Oxygenation Evaluation during Exercise in Humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:853-859. [PMID: 33017349 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), performed with a commonly available noninvasive tissue oxygenation monitoring device, is based on the modified Beer-Lambert law (MBLL). Although NIRS based on MBLL (NIRSMBLL) assumes that the optical path length (PL) is constant, the effects of changes in PL during exercise on muscle oxygenation calculated by MBLL are still incompletely understood. Thus, the purposes of this study were to examine the changes in optical properties during ramp incremental exercise and to compare muscle oxygen dynamics measured by time-resolved NIRS with those calculated based on MBLL. METHODS Twenty-two healthy young men performed ramp incremental cycling exercise until exhaustion. Optical properties (reduced scattering coefficient and PL) and absolute oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin and myoglobin concentrations (oxy[Hb + Mb], deoxy[Hb + Mb], and total[Hb + Mb], respectively) at the vastus lateralis were continuously monitored by a three-wavelength (763, 801, and 836) time-resolved NIRS device. The values of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] were then recalculated by assuming constant PL. RESULTS PL at all wavelengths statistically significantly shortened during exercise. In particular, PL at 763 nm was greatly shortened, and the average changes during exercise were a 9.8% ± 3.1% reduction. In addition, significant differences in the kinetics of oxy-, deoxy-, and total[Hb + Mb] between directly measuring PL and assuming constant PL were found. The average changes in measured PL and assuming constant PL-deoxy[Hb + Mb] were increases of 28.8 ± 16.0 μM and increases of 16.4 ± 9.3 μM, respectively. CONCLUSION Assuming constant PL in NIRSMBLL significantly underestimated actual muscle oxy/deoxygenation as compared with measurements obtained by real-time PL determination. The percent degree of the underestimated oxy/deoxygenation was greater than the percent degree of the changes in PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuki Endo
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
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Chiarelli AM, Perpetuini D, Croce P, Filippini C, Cardone D, Rotunno L, Anzoletti N, Zito M, Zappasodi F, Merla A. Evidence of Neurovascular Un-Coupling in Mild Alzheimer's Disease through Multimodal EEG-fNIRS and Multivariate Analysis of Resting-State Data. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040337. [PMID: 33810484 PMCID: PMC8066873 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with modifications in cerebral blood perfusion and autoregulation. Hence, neurovascular coupling (NC) alteration could become a biomarker of the disease. NC might be assessed in clinical settings through multimodal electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Multimodal EEG-fNIRS was recorded at rest in an ambulatory setting to assess NC and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the methodology to AD. Global NC was evaluated with a general linear model (GLM) framework by regressing whole-head EEG power envelopes in three frequency bands (theta, alpha and beta) with average fNIRS oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration changes in the frontal and prefrontal cortices. NC was lower in AD compared to healthy controls (HC) with significant differences in the linkage of theta and alpha bands with oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.020). Importantly, standalone EEG and fNIRS metrics did not highlight differences between AD and HC. Furthermore, a multivariate data-driven analysis of NC between the three frequency bands and the two hemoglobin species delivered a cross-validated classification performance of AD and HC with an Area Under the Curve, AUC = 0.905 (p = 2.17 × 10−5). The findings demonstrate that EEG-fNIRS may indeed represent a powerful ecological tool for clinical evaluation of NC and early identification of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M. Chiarelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-087-1355-6954
| | - David Perpetuini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Pierpaolo Croce
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Filippini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniela Cardone
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Ludovica Rotunno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Faculty of Medicine, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Nelson Anzoletti
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Faculty of Medicine, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michele Zito
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, Faculty of Medicine, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.P.); (P.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
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Mukli P, Nagy Z, Racz FS, Portoro I, Hartmann A, Stylianou O, Debreczeni R, Bereczki D, Eke A. Two-Tiered Response of Cardiorespiratory-Cerebrovascular Network to Orthostatic Challenge. Front Physiol 2021; 12:622569. [PMID: 33737882 PMCID: PMC7960776 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.622569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic interdependencies within and between physiological systems and subsystems are key for homeostatic mechanisms to establish an optimal state of the organism. These interactions mediate regulatory responses elicited by various perturbations, such as the high-pressure baroreflex and cerebral autoregulation, alleviating the impact of orthostatic stress on cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the cardiorespiratory-cerebrovascular networks by capturing linear and nonlinear interdependencies to postural changes. Ten young healthy adults participated in our study. Non-invasive measurements of arterial blood pressure (from that cardiac cycle durations were derived), breath-to-breath interval, cerebral blood flow velocity (BFV, recorded by transcranial Doppler sonography), and cerebral hemodynamics (HbT, total hemoglobin content monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy) were performed for 30-min in resting state, followed by a 1-min stand-up and a 1-min sit-down period. During preprocessing, noise was filtered and the contribution of arterial blood pressure was regressed from BFV and HbT signals. Cardiorespiratory-cerebrovascular networks were reconstructed by computing pair-wise Pearson-correlation or mutual information between the resampled signals to capture their linear and/or nonlinear interdependencies, respectively. The interdependencies between cardiac, respiratory, and cerebrovascular dynamics showed a marked weakening after standing up persisting throughout the sit-down period, which could mainly be attributed to strikingly attenuated nonlinear coupling. To summarize, we found that postural changes induced topological changes in the cardiorespiratory-cerebrovascular network. The dissolution of nonlinear networks suggests that the complexity of key homeostatic mechanisms maintaining cerebral hemodynamics and oxygenation is indeed sensitive to physiological perturbations such as orthostatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mukli
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Istvan Portoro
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Hartmann
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Orestis Stylianou
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Daniel Bereczki
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Eke
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Deligani RJ, Borgheai SB, McLinden J, Shahriari Y. Multimodal fusion of EEG-fNIRS: a mutual information-based hybrid classification framework. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1635-1650. [PMID: 33796378 PMCID: PMC7984774 DOI: 10.1364/boe.413666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal data fusion is one of the current primary neuroimaging research directions to overcome the fundamental limitations of individual modalities by exploiting complementary information from different modalities. Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) are especially compelling modalities due to their potentially complementary features reflecting the electro-hemodynamic characteristics of neural responses. However, the current multimodal studies lack a comprehensive systematic approach to properly merge the complementary features from their multimodal data. Identifying a systematic approach to properly fuse EEG-fNIRS data and exploit their complementary potential is crucial in improving performance. This paper proposes a framework for classifying fused EEG-fNIRS data at the feature level, relying on a mutual information-based feature selection approach with respect to the complementarity between features. The goal is to optimize the complementarity, redundancy and relevance between multimodal features with respect to the class labels as belonging to a pathological condition or healthy control. Nine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and nine controls underwent multimodal data recording during a visuo-mental task. Multiple spectral and temporal features were extracted and fed to a feature selection algorithm followed by a classifier, which selected the optimized subset of features through a cross-validation process. The results demonstrated considerably improved hybrid classification performance compared to the individual modalities and compared to conventional classification without feature selection, suggesting a potential efficacy of our proposed framework for wider neuro-clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Jafari Deligani
- Department of Electrical, Computer and
Biomedical Engineering; University of Rhode
Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Seyyed Bahram Borgheai
- Department of Electrical, Computer and
Biomedical Engineering; University of Rhode
Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - John McLinden
- Department of Electrical, Computer and
Biomedical Engineering; University of Rhode
Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Yalda Shahriari
- Department of Electrical, Computer and
Biomedical Engineering; University of Rhode
Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program;
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
02881, USA
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122
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Tian F, Sepulveda P, Kota S, Liu Y, Das Y, Liu H, Zhang R, Chalak L. Regional heterogeneity of cerebral hemodynamics in mild neonatal encephalopathy measured with multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:882-888. [PMID: 32492696 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromonitoring at the bedside is the key to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury associated with neonatal encephalopathy. The current practice is to monitor the forehead using a noninvasive cerebral oximetry-it remains unknown to what extent cerebral hemodynamics in other brain regions is different to the frontal region. METHOD A multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system was used to monitor neonates (n = 14) with fetal acidosis and mild neonatal encephalopathy at four brain regions (the frontal, posterior, left temporal, and right temporal lobes). The data were compared to delineate the regional difference in (1) cerebral hemodynamics and (2) pressure autoregulation. For both analyses, wavelet transform coherence was applied. RESULTS We observed frontal-posterior heterogeneity as indicated by significantly lower coherence between these two regions (p = 0.02). Furthermore, areas with regional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected lesions showed greater hemodynamic variations compared to non-affected areas (p = 0.03), while cerebral autoregulation was not affected and showed no difference. CONCLUSION Cerebral hemodynamics in mild neonatal encephalopathy is heterogeneous across different brain regions, while cerebral autoregulation remains intact. These findings indicate the robustness of the wavelet measure of cerebral autoregulation in this population, but need to be further investigated in the presence of severe injury. IMPACT This proof-of-concept study is the first to investigate the regional difference of cerebral hemodynamics and autoregulation in mild neonatal encephalopathy. Study findings confirm that brain functions are complex in the developing neonatal brain and that cerebral hemodynamics are region specific in newborns with frontal-posterior heterogeneity among brain regions probed by multichannel NIRS. Regional MRI lesions were associated with differences across NIRS regional channels among the affected side. Cerebral autoregulation with multichannel NIRS is not affected by regional MRI abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Pollieanna Sepulveda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Srinivas Kota
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurosciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yulun Liu
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurosciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yudhajit Das
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurosciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lina Chalak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Hernandez-Martin E, Gonzalez-Mora JL. Diffuse optical tomography in the human brain: A briefly review from the neurophysiology to its applications. BRAIN SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.26599/bsa.2020.9050014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work describes the use of noninvasive diffuse optical tomography (DOT) technology to measure hemodynamic changes, providing relevant information which helps to understand the basis of neurophysiology in the human brain. Advantages such as portability, direct measurements of hemoglobin state, temporal resolution, non‐restricted movements as occurs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices mean that DOT technology can be used in research and clinical fields. In this review we covered the neurophysiology, physical principles underlying optical imaging during tissue‐light interactions, and technology commonly used during the construction of a DOT device including the source‐detector requirements to improve the image quality. DOT provides 3D cerebral activation images due to complex mathematical models which describe the light propagation inside the tissue head. Moreover, we describe briefly the use of Bayesian methods for raw DOT data filtering as an alternative to linear filters widely used in signal processing, avoiding common problems such as the filter selection or a false interpretation of the results which is sometimes due to the interference of background physiological noise with neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Hernandez-Martin
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Science, Medicine Section, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071, Spain
| | - José Luis Gonzalez-Mora
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Health Science, Medicine Section, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071, Spain
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Austin E, Geisler AN, Nguyen J, Kohli I, Hamzavi I, Lim HW, Jagdeo J. Visible light. Part I: Properties and cutaneous effects of visible light. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 84:1219-1231. [PMID: 33640508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 50% of the sunlight reaching the Earth's surface is visible light (400-700 nm). Other sources of visible light include lasers, light-emitting diodes, and flash lamps. Photons from visible light are absorbed by photoreceptive chromophores (e.g., melanin, heme, and opsins), altering skin function by activating and imparting energy to chromophores. Additionally, visible light can penetrate the full thickness of the skin and induce pigmentation and erythema. Clinically, lasers and light devices are used to treat skin conditions by utilizing specific wavelengths and treatment parameters. Red and blue light from light-emitting diodes and intense pulsed light have been studied as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatments for acne. Pulsed dye lasers are used to treat vascular lesions in adults and infants. Further research is necessary to determine the functional significance of visible light on skin health without confounding the influence of ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Austin
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Dermatology Service, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
| | | | - Julie Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Dermatology Service, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Iltefat Hamzavi
- Department of Dermatology, Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Dermatology Service, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York.
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125
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Yang D, Hong KS. Quantitative Assessment of Resting-State for Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Deep Learning Approach. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:647-663. [PMID: 33579839 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. Early diagnosis of MCI can allow for treatment to improve cognitive function and reduce modifiable risk factors. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the feasibility of individual MCI detection from healthy control (HC) using a minimum duration of resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals. METHODS In this study, nine different measurement durations (i.e., 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, and 270 s) were evaluated for MCI detection via the graph theory analysis and traditional machine learning approach, such as linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbor algorithms. Moreover, feature representation- and classification-based transfer learning (TL) methods were applied to identify MCI from HC through the input of connectivity maps with 30 and 90 s duration. RESULTS There was no significant difference among the nine various time windows in the machine learning and graph theory analysis. The feature representation-based TL showed improved accuracy in both 30 and 90 s cases (i.e., 30 s: 81.27% and 90 s: 76.73%). Notably, the classification-based TL method achieved the highest accuracy of 95.81% using the pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model with the 30 s interval functional connectivity map input. CONCLUSION The results indicate that a 30 s measurement of the resting-state with fNIRS could be used to detect MCI. Moreover, the combination of neuroimaging (e.g., functional connectivity maps) and deep learning methods (e.g., CNN and TL) can be considered as novel biomarkers for clinical computer-assisted MCI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalin Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Guemjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Guemjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Guemjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Derbie AY, Chau B, Lam B, Fang YH, Ting KH, Wong CYH, Tao J, Chen LD, Chan CCH. Cortical Hemodynamic Response Associated with Spatial Coding: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Topogr 2021; 34:207-220. [PMID: 33484379 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allocentric and egocentric are two types of spatial coding. Previous studies reported the dorsal attention network's involvement in both types. To eliminate possible paradigm-specific confounds in the results, this study employed fine-grained cue-to-target paradigm to dissociate allocentric (aSC) and egocentric (eSC) spatial coding. Twenty-two participants completed a custom visuospatial task, and changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (O2-Hb) were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-regularized principal component (LASSO-RPC) algorithm was used to identify cortical sites that predicted the aSC and eSC conditions' reaction times. Significant changes in O2-Hb concentration in the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and post-central gyrus regions were common in both aSC and eSC. Results of inter-channel correlations further substantiate cortical activities in both conditions were predominantly over the right parieto-frontal areas. Together with right superior frontal gyrus areas be the reaction time neural correlates, the results suggest top-down attention and response-mapping processes are common to both spatial coding types. Changes unique to aSC were in clusters over the right intraparietal sulcus, right temporo-parietal junction, and left IPL. With the left pre-central gyrus region, be the reaction time neural correlate, aSC is likely to involve more orienting attention, updating of spatial information, and object-based response selection and inhibition than eSC. Future studies will use other visuospatial task designs for testing the robustness of the findings on spatial coding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiot Y Derbie
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Bolton Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Hua Fang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kin-Hung Ting
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Clive Y H Wong
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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127
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Bettis AH, Siciliano RE, Rogers BP, Ichinose M, Compas BE. Neural correlates of distraction and reappraisal in the family context: Associations with symptoms of anxiety and depression in youth. Child Neuropsychol 2021; 27:573-586. [PMID: 33459155 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2020.1870675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Youth coping is consistently associated with risk and resilience for youth internalizing psychopathology. Integrating questionnaire and experimental methods is an important next step in understanding how youth develop, learn, and implement these skills and to identify possible neurobiological mechanisms that underlie these processes. The current study aims to explore associations among youth self-reported and laboratory-based measures of two methods of coping (distraction and reappraisal). Further, the current study aims to examine associations among neural correlates of distraction and reappraisal with symptoms of anxiety and depression in youth.Methods: Youth (N = 69; M = 12.24, SD = 1.83; 52.9% female) completed self-report measures of secondary control coping (RSQ) and symptoms of anxiety (SCARED) and depression (CES-D) and a laboratory coping task. While completing the task, prefrontal hemodynamic changes were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).Results: Neural activation during reappraisal was significantly negatively correlated with youth anxiety symptoms, and both neural activation and self-reported coping were significant independent predictors of anxiety. Youth self-reported coping was not associated with neural activation during reappraisal or distraction.Conclusions: The measurement of possible neural markers of risk and resilience in youth is an important area of continued research. Identification of possible mechanisms of change related to anxiety and depression in youth may inform targets of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Bettis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
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128
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Lu H, Gong Y, Huang P, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Zhu X, You X. Effect of Repeated Anodal HD-tDCS on Executive Functions: Evidence From a Pilot and Single-Blinded fNIRS Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:583730. [PMID: 33536886 PMCID: PMC7847848 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.583730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive functions are of vital importance in the process of active cognition, which is thought to be associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). As a valid brain stimulation technology, high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has been used to optimize cognitive function in healthy adults. Substantial evidence indicates that short-term or single anodal tDCS sessions over the left DLPFC will enhance the performance of executive functions. However, the changes in performance and cortical activation of executive functions after modulation by repeated anodal HD-tDCS is as yet unexplored. This study aims to examine changes in three core components of executive functions (inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) produced by nine HD-tDCS sessions (1.5 mA, over left DLPFC, 20 min per session), and to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to bilaterally record DLPFC neural activity. A total of 43 participants were divided randomly into two study groups (anodal group vs. sham group) to complete nine interventions. Our results demonstrate that the enhancement of cognitive flexibility in the anodal group was significantly better than that in the sham group. Additionally, a Stroop effect-related decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration in the DLPFC was observed in the anodal group but not the sham group. In conclusion, our study found that repeated anodal HD-tDCS sessions can significantly promote cognitive flexibility, one of the core components of executive function, and that alterations in DLPFC activation can enhance our understanding of the neuroplastic modifications modulated by HD-tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Lu
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Gong
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Faculty of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuqun You
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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129
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Rovetti J, Goy H, Nurgitz R, Russo FA. Comparing verbal working memory load in auditory and visual modalities using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Behav Brain Res 2021; 402:113102. [PMID: 33422594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The verbal identity n-back task is commonly used to assess verbal working memory (VWM) capacity. Only three studies have compared brain activation during the n-back when using auditory and visual stimuli. The earliest study, a positron emission tomography study of the 3-back, found no differences in VWM-related brain activation between n-back modalities. In contrast, two subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of the 2-back found that auditory VWM was associated with greater left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC) activation than visual VWM, perhaps suggesting that auditory VWM requires more cognitive effort than its visual counterpart. The current study aimed to assess whether DL-PFC activation (i.e., cognitive effort) differs by VWM modality. To do this, 16 younger adults completed an auditory and visual n-back, both at four levels of VWM load. Concurrently, activation of the PFC was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a silent neuroimaging method. We found that DL-PFC activation increased with VWM load, but it was not affected by VWM modality or the interaction between load and modality. This supports the view that both VWM modalities require similar cognitive effort, and perhaps that previous fMRI results were an artefact of scanner noise. We also found that, across conditions, DL-PFC activation was positively correlated with reaction time. This may further support DL-PFC activation as an index of cognitive effort, and fNIRS as a method to measure it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Rovetti
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Huiwen Goy
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Rebecca Nurgitz
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Frank A Russo
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
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Fong DD, Yamashiro KJ, Vali K, Galganski LA, Thies J, Moeinzadeh R, Pivetti C, Knoesen A, Srinivasan VJ, Hedriana HL, Farmer DL, Johnson MA, Ghiasi S. Design and In Vivo Evaluation of a Non-Invasive Transabdominal Fetal Pulse Oximeter. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 68:256-266. [PMID: 32746021 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current intrapartum fetal monitoring technology is unable to provide physicians with an objective metric of fetal well-being, leading to degraded patient outcomes and increased litigation costs. Fetal oxygen saturation (SpO2) is a more suitable measure of fetal distress, but the inaccessibility of the fetus prior to birth makes this impossible to capture through current means. In this paper, we present a fully non-invasive, transabdominal fetal oximetry (TFO) system that provides in utero measures of fetal SpO2. METHODS TFO is performed by placing a reflectance-mode optode on the maternal abdomen and sending photons into the body to investigate the underlying fetal tissue. The proposed TFO system design consists of a multi-detector optode, an embedded optode control system, and custom user-interface software. To evaluate the developed TFO system, we utilized an in utero hypoxic fetal lamb model and performed controlled desaturation experiments while capturing gold standard arterial blood gases (SaO2). RESULTS Various degrees of fetal hypoxia were induced with true SaO2 values ranging between 10.5% and 66%. The non-invasive TFO system was able to accurately measure these fetal SpO2 values, supported by a root mean-squared error of 6.37% and strong measures of agreement with the gold standard. CONCLUSION The results support the efficacy of the presented TFO system to non-invasively measure a wide-range of fetal SpO2 values and identify critical levels of fetal hypoxia. SIGNIFICANCE TFO has the potential to improve fetal outcomes by providing obstetricians with a non-invasive measure of fetal oxygen saturation prior to delivery.
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fNIRS-based functional connectivity estimation using semi-metric analysis to study decision making by nursing students and registered nurses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22041. [PMID: 33328535 PMCID: PMC7745044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the generalizability of the semi-metric analysis of the functional connectivity (FC) for functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) by applying it to detect the dichotomy in differential FC under affective and neutral emotional states in nursing students and registered nurses during decision making. The proposed method employs wavelet transform coherence to construct FC networks and explores semi-metric analysis to extract network redundancy features, which has not been considered in conventional fNIRS-based FC analyses. The trials of the proposed method were performed on 19 nursing students and 19 registered nurses via a decision-making task under different emotional states induced by affective and neutral emotional stimuli. The cognitive activities were recorded using fNIRS, and the emotional stimuli were adopted from the International Affective Digitized Sound System (IADS). The induction of emotional effects was validated by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. The experimental results by the proposed method showed significant difference (FDR-adjusted p = 0.004) in the nursing students’ cognitive FC network under the two different emotional conditions, and the semi-metric percentage (SMP) of the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) was found to be significantly higher than the left PFC (FDR-adjusted p = 0.036). The benchmark method (a typical weighted graph theory analysis) gave no significant results. In essence, the results support that the semi-metric analysis can be generalized and extended to fNIRS-based functional connectivity estimation.
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Perpetuini D, Chiarelli AM, Filippini C, Cardone D, Croce P, Rotunno L, Anzoletti N, Zito M, Zappasodi F, Merla A. Working Memory Decline in Alzheimer's Disease Is Detected by Complexity Analysis of Multimodal EEG-fNIRS. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E1380. [PMID: 33279924 PMCID: PMC7762102 DOI: 10.3390/e22121380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by working memory (WM) failures that can be assessed at early stages through administering clinical tests. Ecological neuroimaging, such as Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), may be employed during these tests to support AD early diagnosis within clinical settings. Multimodal EEG-fNIRS could measure brain activity along with neurovascular coupling (NC) and detect their modifications associated with AD. Data analysis procedures based on signal complexity are suitable to estimate electrical and hemodynamic brain activity or their mutual information (NC) during non-structured experimental paradigms. In this study, sample entropy of whole-head EEG and frontal/prefrontal cortex fNIRS was evaluated to assess brain activity in early AD and healthy controls (HC) during WM tasks (i.e., Rey-Osterrieth complex figure and Raven's progressive matrices). Moreover, conditional entropy between EEG and fNIRS was evaluated as indicative of NC. The findings demonstrated the capability of complexity analysis of multimodal EEG-fNIRS to detect WM decline in AD. Furthermore, a multivariate data-driven analysis, performed on these entropy metrics and based on the General Linear Model, allowed classifying AD and HC with an AUC up to 0.88. EEG-fNIRS may represent a powerful tool for the clinical evaluation of WM decline in early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Perpetuini
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Maria Chiarelli
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Filippini
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniela Cardone
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Pierpaolo Croce
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Ludovica Rotunno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Nelson Anzoletti
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michele Zito
- Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.R.); (N.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via Luigi Polacchi 13, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.M.C.); (C.F.); (D.C.); (P.C.); (F.Z.); (A.M.)
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Chen Y, Tang J, Chen Y, Farrand J, Craft MA, Carlson BW, Yuan H. Amplitude of fNIRS Resting-State Global Signal Is Related to EEG Vigilance Measures: A Simultaneous fNIRS and EEG Study. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:560878. [PMID: 33343275 PMCID: PMC7744746 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.560878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been utilized to image the hemodynamic activities and connectivity in the human brain. With the advantage of economic efficiency, portability, and fewer physical constraints, fNIRS enables studying of the human brain at versatile environment and various body positions, including at bed side and during exercise, which complements the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, like fMRI, fNIRS imaging can be influenced by the presence of a strong global component. Yet, the nature of the global signal in fNIRS has not been established. In this study, we investigated the relationship between fNIRS global signal and electroencephalogram (EEG) vigilance using simultaneous recordings in resting healthy subjects in high-density and whole-head montage. In Experiment 1, data were acquired at supine, sitting, and standing positions. Results found that the factor of body positions significantly affected the amplitude of the resting-state fNIRS global signal, prominently in the frequency range of 0.05-0.1 Hz but not in the very low frequency range of less than 0.05 Hz. As a control, the task-induced fNIRS or EEG responses to auditory stimuli did not differ across body positions. However, EEG vigilance plays a modulatory role in the fNIRS signals in the frequency range of less than 0.05 Hz: resting-state sessions of low EEG vigilance measures are associated with high amplitudes of fNIRS global signals. Moreover, in Experiment 2, we further examined the epoch-to-epoch fluctuations in concurrent fNIRS and EEG data acquired from a separate group of subjects and found a negative temporal correlation between EEG vigilance measures and fNIRS global signal amplitudes. Our study for the first time revealed that vigilance as a neurophysiological factor modulates the resting-state dynamics of fNIRS, which have important implications for understanding and processing the noises in fNIRS signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Chen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Julia Tang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Yafen Chen
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Jesse Farrand
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Melissa A. Craft
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Barbara W. Carlson
- Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Han Yuan
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
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135
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Non-invasive measurement of leaf water content and pressure-volume curves using terahertz radiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21028. [PMID: 33273649 PMCID: PMC7713062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we describe a non-invasive method of measuring leaf water content using THz radiation and combine this with psychrometry for determination of leaf pressure–volume relationships. In contrast to prior investigations using THz radiation to measure plant water status, the reported method exploits the differential absorption characteristic of THz radiation at multiple frequencies within plant leaves to determine absolute water content in real-time. By combining the THz system with a psychrometer, pressure–volume curves were generated in a completely automated fashion for the determination of leaf tissue water relations parameters including water potential at turgor loss, osmotic potential at full turgor and the relative water content at the turgor loss point. This novel methodology provides for repeated, non-destructive measurement of leaf water content and greatly increased efficiency in generation of leaf PV curves by reducing user handling time.
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136
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Gier NR, Strelow E, Krampe C. Measuring dlPFC Signals to Predict the Success of Merchandising Elements at the Point-of-Sale - A fNIRS Approach. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:575494. [PMID: 33328849 PMCID: PMC7714758 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.575494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The (re-)launch of products is frequently accompanied by point-of-sale (PoS) marketing campaigns in order to foster sales. Predicting the success of these merchandising elements at the PoS on sales is of interest to research and practice, as the misinvestments that are based on the fragmented PoS literature are tremendous. Likewise, the predictive power of neuropsychological methods has been demonstrated in various research work. Nevertheless, the practical application of these neuropsychological methods is still limited. In order to foster the application of neuropsychological methods in research and practice, the current research work aims to explore, whether mobile functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) - as a portable neuroimaging method - has the potential to predict the success of PoS merchandising elements by rendering significant neural signatures of brain regions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), highlighting its potential to forecast shoppers' behaviour aka sales at the PoS. Building on previous research findings, the results of the given research work indicate that the neural signal of brain regions of the dlPFC, measured with mobile fNIRS, is able to predict actual sales associated with PoS merchandising elements, relying on the cortical relief effect. More precisely, the research findings support the hypothesis that the reduced neural activity of brain regions associated with the dlPFC can predict sales at the PoS, emphasising another crucial neural signature to predict shoppers' purchase behaviour, next to the frequently cited reward association system. The research findings offer an innovative perspective on how to design and evaluate PoS merchandising elements, indicating fruitful theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine R. Gier
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Chair of Marketing, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Enrique Strelow
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Chair of Marketing and Sales, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
- Shopper Science, Ferrero Deutschland, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Caspar Krampe
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Chair of Marketing, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Consumer Research and Marketing Group, Department of Social Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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137
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Honikman R, Pawale AA, Itagaki S, Lin HM, Rodriguez-Diaz C, Weiss AJ, Fischer GW, Weiner MM. Using near-infrared spectroscopy myocardial oximetry to monitor myocardial oxygen balance in a swine model of cardiac surgery: a descriptive study. J Clin Monit Comput 2020; 35:1367-1380. [PMID: 33169311 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-020-00610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of the adequacy of myocardial protection with cardioplegia is nearly non-existent in clinical cardiac surgical practice and instead relies on well-defined protocols for delivery of cardioplegia often resulting in inadequate protection. We hypothesized that Near Infrared Spectroscopy technology could be useful in the monitoring of the myocardial oxygen state by attaching the monitors to the epicardium in a porcine model of cardiac surgery. The experiments were conducted with 3 different protocols of 2 pigs each for a total of 6 pigs. The objective was to induce episodic, oxygen supply-demand mismatch. Methods for decreased supply included decreasing coronary blood flow, coronary blood hypoxemia, coronary occlusion, hypovolemia, and hypotension. Methods for increase demand included rapid ventricular pacing and the administration of isoproterenol. Changes in myocardial tissue oximetry were measured and this measurement was then correlated with blood hemoglobin saturations of oxygen from coronary sinus blood samples. We found that decreases in myocardial oxygen supply or increases in demand due to any of the various experimental conditions led to decreases in both myocardial tissue oximetry and hemoglobin oxygen saturation of coronary sinus blood with recovery when the conditions were returned to baseline. Correlation between myocardial tissue oximetry and hemoglobin oxygen saturation of coronary sinus blood was moderate to strong under all tested conditions. This may have translational applications as a monitor of adequacy of myocardial protection and the detection of coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Honikman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Amit A Pawale
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shinobu Itagaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hung-Mo Lin
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Diaz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron J Weiss
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gregory W Fischer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Menachem M Weiner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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138
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Deligani RJ, Hosni SI, Borgheai SB, McLinden J, Zisk AH, Mankodiya K, Shahriari Y. Electrical and Hemodynamic Neural Functions in People With ALS: An EEG-fNIRS Resting-State Study. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2020; 28:3129-3139. [PMID: 33055020 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.3031495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that causes the progressive loss of voluntary muscle control. Recent studies have reported conflicting results on alterations in resting-state functional brain networks in ALS by adopting unimodal techniques that measure either electrophysiological or vascular-hemodynamic neural functions. However, no study to date has explored simultaneous electrical and vascular-hemodynamic changes in the resting-state brain in ALS. Using complementary multimodal electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) recording and analysis techniques, we explored the underlying multidimensional neural contributions to altered oscillations and functional connectivity in people with ALS. METHODS 10 ALS patients and 9 age-matched controls underwent multimodal EEG-fNIRS recording in the resting state. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and power spectra of both modalities in both groups were analyzed and compared statistically. RESULTS Increased fronto-parietal EEG connectivity in the alpha and beta bands and increased interhemispheric and right intra-hemispheric fNIRS connectivity in the frontal and prefrontal regions were observed in ALS. Frontal, central, and temporal theta and alpha EEG power decreased in ALS, as did parietal and occipital alpha EEG power, while frontal and parietal hemodynamic spectral power increased in ALS. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that electro-vascular disruption in neuronal networks extends to the extra-motor regions in ALS patients, which can ultimately introduce novel neural markers of ALS that can be exploited further as diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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139
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Pollonini L, Gulley Cox L, Gorniak SL. Hemodynamic Function of Forearm Muscle in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:723-730. [PMID: 32315982 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the hemodynamic function of muscle are speculated as a causal mechanism for reduced motor capabilities with aging in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The focus of this study was to evaluate changes in muscle oxygenation during sustained force production in postmenopausal women with DM compared with controls. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin in the flexor digitorum superficialis. Sensorimotor function and health state covariates were also assessed. Increased deoxyhemoglobin was found during force production, whereas oxyhemoglobin remained constant. Changes were found in the time structure of the hemodynamic data during force production. No between-group differences were found; instead, measures covaried with the health state. Sex-based differences in the manifestation of DM-related sensorimotor dysfunction are likely. These data indicate that basic cardiovascular health measures may be more beneficial to monitoring hyperemic status and muscle function in postmenopausal women with DM, compared with DM diagnosis.
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140
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A J, M S, Chhabra H, Shajil N, Venkatasubramanian G. Investigation of deep convolutional neural network for classification of motor imagery fNIRS signals for BCI applications. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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141
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Passive, yet not inactive: robotic exoskeleton walking increases cortical activation dependent on task. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2020; 17:107. [PMID: 32778109 PMCID: PMC7418323 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-020-00739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental designs using surrogate gait-like movements, such as in functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cannot fully capture the cortical activation associated with overground gait. Overground gait in a robotic exoskeleton may be an ideal tool to generate controlled sensorimotor stimulation of gait conditions like ‘active’ (i.e. user moves with the device) and ‘passive’ (i.e. user is moved by the device) gait. To truly understand these neural mechanisms, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) would yield greater ecological validity. Thus, the aim of this experiment was to use fNIRS to delineate brain activation differences between ‘Active’ and ‘Passive’ overground gait in a robotic exoskeleton. Methods Fourteen healthy adults performed 10 walking trials in a robotic exoskeleton for Passive and Active conditions, with fNIRS over bilateral frontal and parietal lobes, and electromyography (EMG) over bilateral thigh muscles. Digitization of optode locations and individual T1 MRI scans were used to demarcate the brain regions fNIRS recorded from. Results Increased oxyhemoglobin in the right frontal cortex was found for Passive compared with Active conditions. For deoxyhemoglobin, increased activation during Passive was found in the left frontal cortex and bilateral parietal cortices compared with Active; one channel in the left parietal cortex decreased during Active when compared with Passive. Normalized EMG mean amplitude was higher in the Active compared with Passive conditions for all four muscles (p ≤ 0.044), confirming participants produced the conditions asked of them. Conclusions The parietal cortex is active during passive robotic exoskeleton gait, a novel finding as research to date has not recorded posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex. Increased activation of the parietal cortex may be related to the planning of limb coordination while maintaining postural control. Future neurorehabilitation research could use fNIRS to examine whether exoskeletal gait training can increase gait-related brain activation with individuals unable to walk independently.
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142
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Pal UM, Gk AV, Gogoi G, Rila S, Shroff S, Am G, Borah P, Varma M, Kurpad V, Baruah D, Vaidya JS, Pandya HJ. Towards a Portable Platform Integrated With Multispectral Noncontact Probes for Delineating Normal and Breast Cancer Tissue Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2020; 14:879-888. [PMID: 32746350 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2020.3005971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the confirmation of diagnosis of breast cancer is made by microscopic examination of an ultra-thin slice of a needle biopsy specimen. This slice is conventionally formalin-fixed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and visually examined under a light microscope. This process is labor-intensive and requires highly skilled doctors (pathologists). In this paper, we report a novel tool based on near-infrared spectroscopy (Spectral-IRDx) which is a portable, non-contact, and cost-effective system and could provide a rapid and accurate diagnosis of cancer. The Spectral-IRDx tool performs absorption spectroscopy at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths of 850, 935, and 1060 nm. We measure normalized detected voltage (Vdn) with the tool in 10 deparaffinized breast biopsy tissue samples, 5 of which were cancer (C) and 5 were normal (N) tissues. The difference in Vdn at 935 nm and 1060 nm between cancer and normal tissues is statistically significant with p-values of 0.0038 and 0.0022 respectively. Absorption contrast factor (N/C) of 1.303, 1.551, and 1.45 are observed for 850, 935, and 1060 nm respectively. The volume fraction contrast (N/C) of lipids and collagens are reported as 1.28 and 1.10 respectively. Higher absorption contrast factor (N/C) and volume fraction contrast (N/C) signifies higher concentration of lipids in normal tissues as compared to cancerous tissues, a basis for delineation. These preliminary results support the envisioned concept for noninvasive and noncarcinogenic NIR-based breast cancer diagnostic platform, which will be tested using a larger number of samples.
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143
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Lin BS, Chen CW, Zhou SK, Tseng YH, Wang SC, Huang YK. Evaluation of static ulcer on lower extremities using wireless wearable near-infrared spectroscopy device: Effect of deep venous thrombosis on TRiggered Angiography Non-Contrast-Enhanced sequence magnetic resonance imaging. Phlebology 2020; 35:814-823. [PMID: 32700650 DOI: 10.1177/0268355520935739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous leg ulcers, or static leg ulcers, are chronic wounds associated with ambulatory venous hypertension of the lower extremities as a consequence of venous valve reflux, reduce venous capacitance, poor calf venous pump, heart failure, or in conjunction with venous obstruction. A static ulcer with venous thrombosis in a pelvic or thigh vein responds favorably to anticoagulation agents. However, anticoagulation is less effective and even harmful when ambulatory venous hypertension has another cause such as venous reflux, poorly heart function, and poor calf venous pump. METHOD TRiggered Angiography Non-Contrast-Enhanced (TRANCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exploits differences in vascular signal intensity during the cardiac cycle for subsequent image subtraction, providing detailed radiation-free venograms without the use of contrast agents. The method is a new tool for evaluating the presence of thrombosis in the venous systems. TRANCE-MRI was employed to document the existence of venous thrombosis within the eight patients in this study. Subsequently, we used a wireless wearable near-infrared spectroscopy device to compare deep vein thrombosis-associated and non-deep vein thrombosis-associated static ulcers. The sampling depths were 5 and 10 mm, representing the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, respectively. RESULT There are four patients with venous leg ulcers proven with venous thrombosis by TRANCE-MRI and are classified as deep vein thrombosis group. Compared with the non-deep vein thrombosis group, the deep vein thrombosis group had less deoxyhemoglobin, less total hemoglobin, and a significantly lower H2O signal in the 5-mm sampling depth (dermis level). And eight health participants were included as control group. Wounded patients (including deep vein thrombosis and non-deep vein thrombosis patients) have higher H2O concentration on the 5-mm depth sampling than control group. In the 10-mm sampling depth (subcutaneous level), the deoxyhemoglobin and tissue oxygen saturation of the deep vein thrombosis group were lower than those of the non-deep vein thrombosis group, and the H2O concentration was higher than non-deep vein thrombosis group. Patients with static foot ulcers and deep vein thrombosis had similar oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation than did those without deep vein thrombosis in 5-mm depth sampling (dermis level). Notably, the H2O signal of patients with non-deep vein thrombosis-associated static ulcers was higher for the 5-mm sampling depth. CONCLUSION In patients with static ulcers and deep vein thrombosis, the H2O level may be higher in the 10-mm sampling depth, indicating that those patients had more subcutaneous water. In patients with non-deep vein thrombosis static foot ulcer, the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) indicated worse fluid retention in the dermis level. The H2O value in the NIRS may be different owing to underline the cause of the venous leg ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Shyh Lin
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, and Wound Center, College of Medicine, Chia Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Shao-Kui Zhou
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Tainan
| | - Yuan-Hsi Tseng
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chia Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Shih-Chung Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, and Wound Center, College of Medicine, Chia Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Yao-Kuang Huang
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chia Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
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Thiher NL, Schissel SM, Jessop JL. Quantitative comparison of photo- and electron-beam polymerizations based on equivalent primary radical concentration. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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145
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Numerical Modeling of Microbial Fate and Transport in Natural Waters: Review and Implications for Normal and Extreme Storm Events. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of water quality in recreational areas can be a substantial public health concern. Models can help beach managers make contemporaneous decisions to protect public health at recreational areas, via the use of microbial fate and transport simulation. Approaches to modeling microbial fate and transport vary widely in response to local hydrometeorological contexts, but many parameterizations include terms for base mortality, solar inactivation, and sedimentation of microbial contaminants. Models using these parameterizations can predict up to 87% of variation in observed microbial concentrations in nearshore water, with root mean squared errors ranging from 0.41 to 5.37 log10 Colony Forming Units (CFU) 100 mL−1. This indicates that some models predict microbial fate and transport more reliably than others and that there remains room for model improvement across the board. Model refinement will be integral to microbial fate and transport simulation in the face of less readily observable processes affecting water quality in nearshore areas. Management of contamination phenomena such as the release of storm-associated river plumes and the exchange of contaminants between water and sand at the beach can benefit greatly from optimized fate and transport modeling in the absence of directly observable data.
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146
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Shen Y, Lifante J, Fernández N, Jaque D, Ximendes E. In Vivo Spectral Distortions of Infrared Luminescent Nanothermometers Compromise Their Reliability. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4122-4133. [PMID: 32227917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence nanothermometry has emerged over the past decade as an exciting field of research due to its potential applications where conventional methods have demonstrated to be ineffective. Preclinical research has been one of the areas that have benefited the most from the innovations proposed in the field. Nevertheless, certain questions concerning the reliability of the technique under in vivo conditions have been continuously overlooked by most of the scientific community. In this proof-of-concept, hyperspectral in vivo imaging is used to explain how unverified assumptions about the thermal dependence of the optical transmittance of biological tissues in the so-called biological windows can lead to erroneous measurements of temperature. Furthermore, the natural steps that should be taken in the future for a reliable in vivo luminescence nanothermometry are discussed together with a perspective view of the field after the findings here reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Shen
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Fı́sica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - José Lifante
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Fisiologı́a, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Nuria Fernández
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Fisiologı́a, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Fı́sica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Erving Ximendes
- Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Fı́sica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid 28034, Spain
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147
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The past, present, and prospective on UV-VIS-NIR skin photonics and spectroscopy-a wavelength guide. Med Biol Eng Comput 2020; 58:1159-1175. [PMID: 32319030 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-02077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The study and applications of in vivo skin optics have been openly documented as early as the year 1954, or possibly earlier. To date, challenges in analyzing the complexities of this field remain, with wide scopes requiring more scrutiny. Recent advances in spectroscopic research and multivariate analytics allow a closer look into applications potentially for detecting or monitoring diseases. One of the challenges in this field is in establishing a reference for applications which correspond to certain bandwidths. This article reviews the scope on past research on skin spectroscopy, and the clinical aspects which have or may have applications on disease detection or enhancing diagnostics. A summary is supplied on the technicalities surrounding the measurements reported in literature, focused towards the wavelength-dependent applications in themes central to the respective research. Analytics on the topology of the papers' data cited in this work is also provided for a statistical perspective. In short, this paper strives to immediately inform the reader with possible applications via the spectroscopic devices at hand. Graphical Abstract .
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Poh AH, Mahamd Adikan FR, Moghavvemi M, Syed Omar SF, Poh K, Mahyuddin MBH, Yan G, Azizah Ariffin MA, Harun SW. Precursors to non-invasive clinical dengue screening: Multivariate signature analysis of in-vivo diffuse skin reflectance spectroscopy on febrile patients in Malaysia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228923. [PMID: 32236132 PMCID: PMC7112162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue diagnostics have come a long way. Attempts at breaking away from lab-oriented dengue detection, such as NS1 antigen, IgM or IgG antibodies detection have extensively received numerous coverage. As a result, rapid detection tests (RDTs) have started to gain inroads in medical practice. Rapid detection tests notwithstanding, analysis of blood serum is still a relatively complicated task. This includes the necessity of phlebotomy, centrifugation for blood serum, and other reagent-based tests. Therefore, a non-invasive method of dengue detection was considered. In this study, we present the utility of diffuse reflectance skin spectroscopy (bandwidth of 200-2500nm) on the forearm during the triaging period for dengue screening potential. This is performed with multivariate analysis of 240 triaged febrile/suspected dengue patients. The data is then scrutinized for its clinical validity to be included as either confirmed or probable dengue, or a control group. Based on discriminant analysis of several data normalization models, we can predict the patients' clinical dengue-positivity at ranges of accuracy between ~93-98% depending on mode of the data, with a probably optimal sensitivity and specificity to the clinical diagnosis of ~89% and ~100% respectively. From the outcomes of this study, we recommend further trials with cautious optimism. With these findings, it is hoped that the elusive non-invasive detection of tropical diseases may gain platform in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Halim Poh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Integrated Lightwave Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center of Research for Applied Electronics (CRAE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Rafiq Mahamd Adikan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Integrated Lightwave Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Mahmoud Moghavvemi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center of Research for Applied Electronics (CRAE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharifah Faridah Syed Omar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khadijah Poh
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Badrol Hisyam Mahyuddin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Photonics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Grace Yan
- Integrated Lightwave Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Sulaiman Wadi Harun
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Photonics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mol A, Maier AB, van Wezel RJA, Meskers CGM. Multimodal Monitoring of Cardiovascular Responses to Postural Changes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:168. [PMID: 32194438 PMCID: PMC7063121 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the poorly understood relationship between orthostatic hypotension and falls, next to blood pressure (BP), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and cerebral autoregulation (CAR) may be key measures. The posture- and movement dependency of orthostatic hypotension requires continuous and unobtrusive monitoring. This may be possible using simultaneous photoplethysmography (PPG), electrocardiography (ECG), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal recordings, from which pulse wave velocity (PWV; potentially useful for BP estimation), BRS and CAR can be derived. The PPG, NIRS and PWV signal correlation with BP and BRS/CAR reliability and validity need to be addressed. Methods In 34 healthy adults (mean age 25 years, inter quartile range 22–45; 10 female), wrist and finger PPG, ECG, bifrontal NIRS (oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin) and continuous BP were recorded during sit to stand and supine to stand movements. Sixteen participants performed slow and rapid supine to stand movements; eighteen other participants performed a 1-min squat movement. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was defined as the inverse of the ECG R-peak to PPG pulse delay; PPG, NIRS and PWV signal correlation with BP as their Pearson correlations with mean arterial pressure (MAP) within 30 s after the postural changes; BRS as inter beat interval drop divided by systolic BP (SBP) drop during the postural changes; CAR as oxygenated hemoglobin drop divided by MAP drop. BRS and CAR were separately computed using measured and estimated (linear regression) BP. BRS/CAR reliability was defined by the intra class correlation between repeats of the same postural change; validity as the Pearson correlation between BRS/CAR values based on measured and estimated BP. Results The highest correlation with MAP was found for finger PPG and oxygenated hemoglobin, ranging from 0.75–0.79 (sit to stand), 0.66–0.88 (supine to stand), and 0.82–0.94 (1-min squat). BRS and CAR reliability was highest during the different supine to stand movements, ranging from 0.17 – 0.49 (BRS) and 0.42-0.75 (CAR); validity was highest during rapid supine to stand movements, 0.54 and 0.79 respectively. Conclusion PPG-ECG-NIRS recordings showed high correlation with BP and enabled computation of reliable and valid BRS and CAR estimates, suggesting their potential for continuous unobtrusive monitoring of orthostatic hypotension key measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjen Mol
- Department of Human Movement Sciences @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Biophysics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard J A van Wezel
- Department of Biophysics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Carel G M Meskers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Carles G, Brewer L, Harvey AR. Measurement of absorption in scattering media using objective laser speckle: application to blood oximetry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:5119-5133. [PMID: 32121739 DOI: 10.1364/oe.383318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multi-spectral imaging enables non-invasive sensing of chemical concentrations in biological tissue based on measurement of optical absorption, but invariably in the presence of high levels of scatter. Absorption is normally inferred from measurement of contrast of biological features, such as the vasculature, and so accuracy is degraded by the poorly characterized modulation-transfer function of the imaging optics and overlying tissue. We report how experimental characterization of the spectral variation of the tissue point-spread function and associated objective speckle pattern can be used to characterize the absorption spectrum and chromophore concentration, with a particular emphasis on determination of the ratio of oxygenated to deoxygenated hemoglobin within blood. Absorption measurements are determined purely by the geometry of the experiment, without degradation due to optical aberrations and associated light scatter. The technique offers enhanced and low-cost determination of in vitro or in vivo chromophore characterizations, including blood-gas analysis.
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