101
|
Bassiouni W, Valencia R, Mahmud Z, Seubert JM, Schulz R. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 proteolyzes mitofusin-2 and impairs mitochondrial function during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:29. [PMID: 37495895 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-00999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
During myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is rapidly activated in response to oxidative stress. MMP-2 is a multifunctional protease that cleaves both extracellular and intracellular proteins. Oxidative stress also impairs mitochondrial function which is regulated by different proteins, including mitofusin-2 (Mfn-2), which is lost in IR injury. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome and the innate immune response which invokes the de novo expression of an N-terminal truncated isoform of MMP-2 (NTT-MMP-2) at or near mitochondria. We hypothesized that MMP-2 proteolyzes Mfn-2 during myocardial IR injury, impairing mitochondrial function and enhancing the inflammasome response. Isolated hearts from mice subjected to IR injury (30 min ischemia/40 min reperfusion) showed a significant reduction in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) compared to aerobically perfused hearts. IR injury increased MMP-2 activity as observed by gelatin zymography and increased degradation of troponin I, an intracellular MMP-2 target. MMP-2 preferring inhibitors, ARP-100 or ONO-4817, improved post-ischemic recovery of LVDP compared to vehicle perfused IR hearts. In muscle fibers isolated from IR hearts the rates of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production were impaired compared to those from aerobic hearts, whereas ARP-100 or ONO-4817 attenuated these reductions. IR hearts showed higher levels of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the cytosolic fraction, while the mitochondria-enriched fraction showed reduced levels of Mfn-2, compared to aerobic hearts. ARP-100 or ONO-4817 attenuated these changes. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that MMP-2 is associated with Mfn-2 in aerobic and IR hearts. ARP-100 or ONO-4817 also reduced infarct size and cell death in hearts subjected to 45 min ischemia/120 min reperfusion. Following myocardial IR injury, impaired contractile function and mitochondrial respiration and elevated inflammasome response could be attributed, at least in part, to MMP-2 activation, which targets and cleaves mitochondrial Mfn-2. Inhibition of MMP-2 activity protects against cardiac contractile dysfunction in IR injury in part by preserving Mfn-2 and suppressing inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Bassiouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Robert Valencia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zabed Mahmud
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 4-62 Heritage Medical Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - John M Seubert
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 4-62 Heritage Medical Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Hao W, Cha R, Wang M, Li J, Guo H, Du R, Zhou F, Jiang X. Ligand-Modified Gold Nanoparticles as Mitochondrial Modulators: Regulation of Intestinal Barrier and Therapy for Constipation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:13377-13392. [PMID: 37449942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal metabolism-related diseases, such as constipation, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and colorectal cancer, could be associated with the dysfunction of intestinal mitochondria. The mitochondria of intestinal epithelial cells are of great significance for promoting intestinal motility and maintaining intestinal metabolism. It is necessary for the prophylaxis and therapy of intestinal metabolism-related diseases to improve mitochondrial function. We investigated the effect of 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol-modified gold nanoparticles (D-Au NPs) on intestinal mitochondria and studied the regulatory role of D-Au NPs on mitochondria metabolism-related disease. D-Au NPs improved the antioxidation capability of mitochondria, regulated the mitochondrial metabolism, and maintained intestinal cellular homeostasis via the activation of AMPK and regulation of PGC-1α with its downstream signaling (UCP2 and DRP1), enhancing the intestinal mechanical barrier. D-Au NPs improved the intestinal mitochondrial function to intervene in the emergence of constipation, which could help develop drugs to treat and prevent mitochondrial metabolism-related diseases. Our findings provided an in-depth understanding of the mitochondrial effects of Au NPs for improving human intestinal barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ruitao Cha
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Mingzheng Wang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ran Du
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Agricultural Synthetic Biology, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Fengshan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Wu P, Wang X. Natural Drugs: A New Direction for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:5525. [PMID: 37513397 PMCID: PMC10385698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance, as a common pathological process of many metabolic diseases, including diabetes and obesity, has attracted much attention due to its relevant influencing factors. To date, studies have mainly focused on the shared mechanisms between mitochondrial stress and insulin resistance, and they are now being pursued as a very attractive therapeutic target due to their extensive involvement in many human clinical settings. In view of the complex pathogenesis of diabetes, natural drugs have become new players in diabetes prevention and treatment because of their wide targets and few side effects. In particular, plant phenolics have received attention because of their close relationship with oxidative stress. In this review, we briefly review the mechanisms by which mitochondrial stress leads to insulin resistance. Moreover, we list some cytokines and genes that have recently been found to play roles in mitochondrial stress and insulin resistance. Furthermore, we describe several natural drugs that are currently widely used and give a brief overview of their therapeutic mechanisms. Finally, we suggest possible ideas for future research related to the unique role that natural drugs play in the treatment of insulin resistance through the above targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Wu
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250001, China
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Elías-López AL, Vázquez-Mena O, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the offspring of obese mothers and it's transmission through damaged oocyte mitochondria: Integration of mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166802. [PMID: 37414229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that mitochondria in the oocyte, are susceptible to damage by suboptimal pre/pregnancy conditions, such as obesity. These suboptimal conditions have been shown to induce mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) in multiple tissues of the offspring, suggesting that mitochondria of oocytes that pass from mother to offspring, can carry information that can programme mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction of the next generation. They also suggest that transmission of MD could increase the risk of obesity and other metabolic diseases in the population inter- and trans-generationally. In this review, we examined whether MD observed in offspring tissues of high energetic demand, is the result of the transmission of damaged mitochondria from obese mothers' oocytes to the offspring. The contribution of genome-independent mechanisms (namely mitophagy) in this transmission were also explored. Finally, potential interventions aimed at improving oocyte/embryo health were investigated, to see if they may provide an opportunity to halter the generational effects of MD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Elías-López
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Mexico.
| | | | - A N Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Jurcau A, Jurcau CM. Mitochondria in Huntington's disease: implications in pathogenesis and mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1472-1477. [PMID: 36571344 PMCID: PMC10075114 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease is a genetic disease caused by expanded CAG repeats on exon 1 of the huntingtin gene located on chromosome 4. Compelling evidence implicates impaired mitochondrial energetics, altered mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control, disturbed mitochondrial trafficking, oxidative stress and mitochondrial calcium dyshomeostasis in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Unfortunately, conventional mitochondrial-targeted molecules, such as cysteamine, creatine, coenzyme Q10, or triheptanoin, yielded negative or inconclusive results. However, future therapeutic strategies, aiming to restore mitochondrial biogenesis, improving the fission/fusion balance, and improving mitochondrial trafficking, could prove useful tools in improving the phenotype of Huntington's disease and, used in combination with genome-editing methods, could lead to a cure for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea; Neurology 3 Ward, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Oradea, Romania
| | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Liu S, Zheng Z, Zhao Y, Yao H, Zhang L, Chen C, Jin S. DRP1 knockdown and atorvastatin alleviate ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cells injury: DRP1 is a potential target for preventing atherosclerosis. Exp Cell Res 2023:113688. [PMID: 37315759 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) injury is the first step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in VECs injury, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, the human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to 100 μg/mL oxidized low-density lipoprotein for 24 h to establish AS model in vitro. We reported that mitochondrial dynamics disorder is a prominent feature of VECs in AS models and associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the knockdown of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in AS model significantly alleviated the mitochondrial dynamics disorder and VECs injury. On the contrary, DRP1 overexpression significantly aggravated this injury. Interestingly, atorvastatin (ATV), a classical anti-atherosclerotic drug, prominently inhibited the expression of DRP1 in AS models and similarly alleviated the mitochondrial dynamics disorder and VECs injury in vitro and in vivo. At the same time, we found that ATV alleviated VECs damage but did not significantly reduce lipid concentration in vivo. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target of AS and a new mechanism of the anti-atherosclerotic effect of ATV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Zhinan Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Yingyin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Hanming Yao
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China
| | - Sanqing Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510655, China.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Li X, Li C, Zhang W, Wang Y, Qian P, Huang H. Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:239. [PMID: 37291105 PMCID: PMC10248351 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by systemic chronic inflammation, which is accompanied by cellular senescence, immunosenescence, organ dysfunction, and age-related diseases. Given the multidimensional complexity of aging, there is an urgent need for a systematic organization of inflammaging through dimensionality reduction. Factors secreted by senescent cells, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), promote chronic inflammation and can induce senescence in normal cells. At the same time, chronic inflammation accelerates the senescence of immune cells, resulting in weakened immune function and an inability to clear senescent cells and inflammatory factors, which creates a vicious cycle of inflammation and senescence. Persistently elevated inflammation levels in organs such as the bone marrow, liver, and lungs cannot be eliminated in time, leading to organ damage and aging-related diseases. Therefore, inflammation has been recognized as an endogenous factor in aging, and the elimination of inflammation could be a potential strategy for anti-aging. Here we discuss inflammaging at the molecular, cellular, organ, and disease levels, and review current aging models, the implications of cutting-edge single cell technologies, as well as anti-aging strategies. Since preventing and alleviating aging-related diseases and improving the overall quality of life are the ultimate goals of aging research, our review highlights the critical features and potential mechanisms of inflammation and aging, along with the latest developments and future directions in aging research, providing a theoretical foundation for novel and practical anti-aging strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chentao Li
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Riou M, Enache I, Sauer F, Charles AL, Geny B. Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolic Dysfunction in Pulmonary Hypertension: Toward New Therapeutic Approaches? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119572. [PMID: 37298522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling leading to right heart failure and death. To date, despite the three therapeutic approaches targeting the three major endothelial dysfunction pathways based on the prostacyclin, nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and endothelin pathways, PAH remains a serious disease. As such, new targets and therapeutic agents are needed. Mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction is one of the mechanisms involved in PAH pathogenesis in part through the induction of a Warburg metabolic state of enhanced glycolysis but also through the upregulation of glutaminolysis, tricarboxylic cycle and electron transport chain dysfunction, dysregulation of fatty acid oxidation or mitochondrial dynamics alterations. The aim of this review is to shed light on the main mitochondrial metabolic pathways involved in PAH and to provide an update on the resulting interesting potential therapeutic perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Riou
- Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), CRBS, University of Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, CS 60026, CEDEX 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, CEDEX 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Irina Enache
- Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), CRBS, University of Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, CS 60026, CEDEX 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, CEDEX 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Sauer
- Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), CRBS, University of Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, CS 60026, CEDEX 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, CEDEX 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), CRBS, University of Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, CS 60026, CEDEX 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), CRBS, University of Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, CS 60026, CEDEX 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, CEDEX 67091 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Yu T, Wang L, Zhang L, Deuster PA. Mitochondrial Fission as a Therapeutic Target for Metabolic Diseases: Insights into Antioxidant Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1163. [PMID: 37371893 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission is a crucial process in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in normal physiology and under conditions of stress. Its dysregulation has been associated with several metabolic diseases, including, but not limited to, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve a vital role in the genesis of these conditions, and mitochondria are both the main sites of ROS production and the primary targets of ROS. In this review, we explore the physiological and pathological roles of mitochondrial fission, its regulation by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and the interplay between ROS and mitochondria in health and metabolic diseases. We also discuss the potential therapeutic strategies of targeting mitochondrial fission through antioxidant treatments for ROS-induced conditions, including the effects of lifestyle interventions, dietary supplements, and chemicals, such as mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) and other mitochondrial fission inhibitors, as well as certain commonly used drugs for metabolic diseases. This review highlights the importance of understanding the role of mitochondrial fission in health and metabolic diseases, and the potential of targeting mitochondrial fission as a therapeutic approach to protecting against these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianzheng Yu
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Patricia A Deuster
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Sheryazdanova A, Amoedo ND, Dufour S, Impens F, Rossignol R, Sablina A. The deubiquitinase OTUB1 governs lung cancer cell fitness by modulating proteostasis of OXPHOS proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166767. [PMID: 37245529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer development, but this dogma has been challenged by reports showing a key role of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in cancer cell survival. It has been proposed that increased levels of intramitochondrial proteins in cancer cells are associated with high OXPHOS activity and increased sensitivity to OXPHOS inhibitors. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to the high expression of OXPHOS proteins in cancer cells remain unknown. Multiple proteomics studies have detected the ubiquitination of intramitochondrial proteins, suggesting the contribution of the ubiquitin system to the proteostatic regulation of OXPHOS proteins. Here, we identified the ubiquitin hydrolase OTUB1 as a regulator of the mitochondrial metabolic machinery essential for lung cancer cell survival. Mitochondria-localized OTUB1 modulates respiration by inhibiting K48-linked ubiquitination and turnover of OXPHOS proteins. An increase in OTUB1 expression is commonly observed in one-third of non-small-cell lung carcinomas and is associated with high OXPHOS signatures. Moreover, OTUB1 expression highly correlates with the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to mitochondrial inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aidana Sheryazdanova
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nivea Dias Amoedo
- INSERM U1211 Rare Diseases, Genetics and Metabolism, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sara Dufour
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium; VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rodrigue Rossignol
- INSERM U1211 Rare Diseases, Genetics and Metabolism, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anna Sablina
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Wang L, Feng X, Ye C, Wang C, Wang M. Shen Shuai II Recipe inhibits hypoxia-induced glycolysis by preserving mitochondrial dynamics to attenuate kidney fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116271. [PMID: 36806483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with significant clinical efficacy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) by invigorating Qi and resolving blood stasis, clearing away heat and dampness. Our previous studies demonstrated that SSR attenuated renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) by improving hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of SSR against RIF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CKD was established by 5/6 ablation/infarction (A/I) operation. After 4 weeks, rats were gavaged with SSR or Fenofibrate for 8 weeks. Hypoxia-treated NRK-52 E cells were treated with SSR and (or) glycolysis inhibitors, including GSK2837808 A (GSK) and 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). In addition, Drp1-deficient or MFP-M1-treated NRK-52 E cells were treated with SSR under hypoxic conditions. The effects of SSR on fibrotic phenotype, glycolysis, mitochondrial dynamics and membrane potential in hypoxia-exposed NRK-52 E cells were examined by immunoblotting, colorimetric, and fluorometric methods. Furthermore, we constructed a lactic acid-induced activation model of NRK-49 F cells and a co-culture system. The activation of NRK-49 F cells was evaluated by immunoblotting method. RESULTS Our findings indicated that SSR significantly attenuated abnormal glycolysis in vivo and in vitro, which was correlated with its renoprotective effect. Further studies revealed that improvement of mitochondrial dynamics could be one of the mechanisms by which SSR inhibits glycolysis to achieve anti-renal fibrosis. Furthermore, treatment with SSR significantly inhibited the lactic acid-induced activation of NRK-49 F cells. The co-culture results further highlighted that SSR inhibited activation of renal fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix by reducing glycolysis in renal tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS SSR alleviates RIF by inhibiting hypoxia-induced glycolysis through improvement of mitochondrial dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingchen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Chaoyang Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; TCM Institute of Kidney Disease, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Xin Y, Zhao L, Peng R. HIF-1 signaling: an emerging mechanism for mitochondrial dynamics. J Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s13105-023-00966-0. [PMID: 37178248 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A growing emphasis has been paid to the function of mitochondria in tumors, neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), and cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondria are oxygen-sensitive organelles whose function depends on their structural basis. Mitochondrial dynamics are critical in regulating the structure. Mitochondrial dynamics include fission, fusion, motility, cristae remodeling, and mitophagy. These processes could alter mitochondrial morphology, number, as well as distribution, to regulate complicated cellular signaling processes like metabolism. Meanwhile, they also could modulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. The initiation and progression of several diseases, such as tumors, NDs, cardiovascular disease, were all interrelated with mitochondrial dynamics. HIF-1 is a nuclear protein presented as heterodimers, and its transcriptional activity is triggered by hypoxia. It plays an important role in numerous physiological processes including the development of cardiovascular system, immune system, and cartilage. Additionally, it could evoke compensatory responses in cells during hypoxia through upstream and downstream signaling networks. Moreover, the alteration of oxygen level is a pivotal factor to promote mitochondrial dynamics and HIF-1 activation. HIF-1α might be a promising target for modulating mitochondrial dynamics to develop therapeutic approaches for NDs, immunological diseases, and other related diseases. Here, we reviewed the research progress of mitochondrial dynamics and the potential regulatory mechanism of HIF-1 in mitochondrial dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruiyun Peng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Bravo-Sagua R, Lopez-Crisosto C, Criollo A, Inagi R, Lavandero S. Organelle Communication: Joined in Sickness and in Health. Physiology (Bethesda) 2023; 38:0. [PMID: 36856309 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00024.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Organelles are membrane-lined structures that compartmentalize subcellular biochemical functions. Therefore, interorganelle communication is crucial for cellular responses that require the coordination of such functions. Multiple principles govern interorganelle interactions, which arise from the complex nature of organelles: position, multilingualism, continuity, heterogeneity, proximity, and bidirectionality, among others. Given their importance, alterations in organelle communication have been linked to many diseases. Among the different types of contacts, endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria interactions are the best known; however, mounting evidence indicates that other organelles also have something to say in the pathophysiological conversation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Obesity and Metabolism (OMEGA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Consortium of Universities of the State of Chile (CUECH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Lopez-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, Dentistry Faculty, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Reiko Inagi
- Division of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Casanova A, Wevers A, Navarro-Ledesma S, Pruimboom L. Mitochondria: It is all about energy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1114231. [PMID: 37179826 PMCID: PMC10167337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium homeostasis to the production of hormones and neurotransmitters, such as melatonin. They enable and influence communication at all physical levels through interaction with other organelles, the nucleus, and the outside environment. The literature suggests crosstalk mechanisms between mitochondria and circadian clocks, the gut microbiota, and the immune system. They might even be the hub supporting and integrating activity across all these domains. Hence, they might be the (missing) link in both health and disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to metabolic syndrome, neuronal diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders. In this regard, diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic pain are discussed. This review focuses on understanding the mitochondrial mechanisms of action that allow for the maintenance of mitochondrial health and the pathways toward dysregulated mechanisms. Although mitochondria have allowed us to adapt to changes over the course of evolution, in turn, evolution has shaped mitochondria. Each evolution-based intervention influences mitochondria in its own way. The use of physiological stress triggers tolerance to the stressor, achieving adaptability and resistance. This review describes strategies that could recover mitochondrial functioning in multiple diseases, providing a comprehensive, root-cause-focused, integrative approach to recovering health and treating people suffering from chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amaloha Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Anne Wevers
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla, Spain
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- PNI Europe, The Hague, Netherlands
- Chair of Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Van Huynh T, Rethi L, Rethi L, Chen CH, Chen YJ, Kao YH. The Complex Interplay between Imbalanced Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolic Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091223. [PMID: 37174622 PMCID: PMC10177489 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global burden, with an increasing number of people affected and increasing treatment costs. The advances in research and guidelines improve the management of blood glucose and related diseases, but T2DM and its complications are still a big challenge in clinical practice. T2DM is a metabolic disorder in which insulin signaling is impaired from reaching its effectors. Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" that not only generate the energy as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using pyruvate supplied from glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), and amino acids (AA) but also regulate multiple cellular processes such as calcium homeostasis, redox balance, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer. The mitochondria are highly dynamic in adjusting their functions according to cellular conditions. The shape, morphology, distribution, and number of mitochondria reflect their function through various processes, collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial fusion, fission, biogenesis, transport, and mitophagy. These processes determine the overall mitochondrial health and vitality. More evidence supports the idea that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics play essential roles in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, obesity, and T2DM, as well as imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics found in T2DM. This review updates and discusses mitochondrial dynamics and the complex interactions between it and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tin Van Huynh
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Lekha Rethi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lekshmi Rethi
- International Ph.D. Program for Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Li Y, Guo M, Niu S, Shang M, Chang X, Sun Z, Zhang R, Shen X, Xue Y. ROS and DRP1 interactions accelerate the mitochondrial injury induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in human liver HepG2 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110502. [PMID: 37084995 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become a serious environmental pollutant and subsequently have harmful effects on human health. Thus, the impacts of microplastics on human cells need to be explored. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects at the subcellular-organelle levels to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, diameter 21.5 ± 2.7 nm) were investigated in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The cell viability exposed to PS-NPs at the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μg/mL for 24 h diminished in a concentration-dependent manner. The PS-NPs treatment induced mitochondrial injuries, including morphological changes, decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP). The PS-NPs treatment could further spark cell apoptosis by upregulating caspase 3, caspase 9, cytochrome c, and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in HepG2 cells, which is related to the mitochondrial dysfunction. PS-NPs exposure stimulated the excessive cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and also induced mitochondrial fission by upregulating dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and P-DRP1, but downregulating optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α) expression levels. The above effects on mitochondria damage induced by PS-NPs were reversed by the pretreatment of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1) and DRP1 siRNA. The results suggested that the interaction between ROS and DRP1-dependent mitochondrial division could promote mitochondrial lesions and mitochondria-related apoptosis caused by PS-NPs. These findings on molecular mechanisms provide a theoretical basis for preventing the hazards caused by microplastics to human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Menghao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shuyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mengting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zuoyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Huang J, Chen L, Yao ZM, Sun XR, Tong XH, Dong SY. The role of mitochondrial dynamics in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114671. [PMID: 37037094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. More than 80 % of strokes are ischemic, caused by an occlusion of cerebral arteries. Without question, restoration of blood supply as soon as possible is the first therapeutic strategy. Nonetheless paradoxically, reperfusion can further aggravate the injury through a series of reactions known as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Mitochondria play a vital role in promoting nerve survival and neurological function recovery and mitochondrial dysfunction is considered one of the characteristics of CIRI. Neurons often die due to oxidative stress and an imbalance in energy metabolism following CIRI, and there is a strong association with mitochondrial dysfunction. Altered mitochondrial dynamics is the first reaction of mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the maintenance of the integrity, distribution, and size of mitochondria as well as their ability to resist external stimuli through a continuous cycle of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Therefore, improving mitochondrial dynamics is a vital means of treating CIRI. This review discusses the relationship between mitochondria and CIRI and emphasizes improving mitochondrial dynamics as a potential therapeutic approach to improve the prognosis of CIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Zi-Meng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Xu-Hui Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China
| | - Shu-Ying Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Zhang L, Wu J, Zhu Z, He Y, Fang R. Mitochondrion: A bridge linking aging and degenerative diseases. Life Sci 2023; 322:121666. [PMID: 37030614 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process, characterized by progressive loss of physiological integrity, impaired function, and increased vulnerability to death. For centuries, people have been trying hard to understand the process of aging and find effective ways to delay it. However, limited breakthroughs have been made in anti-aging area. Since the hallmarks of aging were summarized in 2013, increasing studies focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and aging-related degenerative diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that restoring mitochondrial function and biogenesis exerts beneficial effects in extending lifespan and promoting healthy aging. In this paper, we provide an overview of mitochondrial changes during aging and summarize the advanced studies in mitochondrial therapies for the treatment of degenerative diseases. Current challenges and future perspectives are proposed to provide novel and promising directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianlong Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziguan Zhu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchen He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Renpeng Fang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Hu Z, Liao J, Zhang K, Huang K, Li Q, Lei C, Han Q, Zhang H, Guo J, Hu L, Pan J, Li Y, Tang Z. Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Copper on Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in Pig Liver. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1726-1739. [PMID: 35666388 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is listed as one of the main heavy metal pollutants, which poses potential health risks to humans. Excessive intake of Cu has shown toxic effects on the organs of many animals, and the liver is one of the most important organs to metabolize it. In this study, pigs, the mammal with similar metabolic characteristics to humans, were selected to assess the effects of long-term exposure to Cu on mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which are of great significance for studying the toxicity of Cu to humans. Pigs were fed a diet with different contents of Cu (10, 125, and 250 mg/kg) for 80 days. Samples of blood and liver tissue were collected on days 40 and 80. Experimental results demonstrated that the accumulation of Cu in the liver was increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the curve of pig's body weight showed that a 125 mg/kg Cu diet promoted the growth of pigs during the first 40 days and then inhibited it from 40 to 80 days, while the 250 mg/kg Cu diet inhibited the growth of pigs during 80 days of feeding. Additionally, the genes and protein expression levels of Caspase-3, p53, Bax, Bak1, Bid, Bad, CytC, and Drp1 in the treatment group were higher than that in the control group, while Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Opa1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 were decreased. In conclusion, these results indicated that long-term excessive intake of Cu could inhibit the growth of pigs and induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by breaking the mitochondrial dynamic balance. Synopsis: Long-term exposure to high doses of Cu could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction by breaking the mitochondrial dynamic balance, which ultimately induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the liver of pigs. This might be closely related to the growth inhibition and liver damage in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunxuan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanwei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaiqin Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Pierre A, Bourel C, Favory R, Brassart B, Wallet F, Daussin FN, Normandin S, Howsam M, Romien R, Lemaire J, Grolaux G, Durand A, Frimat M, Bastide B, Amouyel P, Boulanger E, Preau S, Lancel S. Sepsis-like Energy Deficit Is Not Sufficient to Induce Early Muscle Fiber Atrophy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Murine Sepsis Model. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040529. [PMID: 37106730 PMCID: PMC10136327 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myopathy is characterized by muscle fiber atrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and worsened outcomes. Whether whole-body energy deficit participates in the early alteration of skeletal muscle metabolism has never been investigated. Three groups were studied: “Sepsis” mice, fed ad libitum with a spontaneous decrease in caloric intake (n = 17), and “Sham” mice fed ad libitum (Sham fed (SF), n = 13) or subjected to pair-feeding (Sham pair fed (SPF), n = 12). Sepsis was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of cecal slurry in resuscitated C57BL6/J mice. The feeding of the SPF mice was restricted according to the food intake of the Sepsis mice. Energy balance was evaluated by indirect calorimetry over 24 h. The tibialis anterior cross-sectional area (TA CSA), mitochondrial function (high-resolution respirometry), and mitochondrial quality control pathways (RTqPCR and Western blot) were assessed 24 h after sepsis induction. The energy balance was positive in the SF group and negative in both the SPF and Sepsis groups. The TA CSA did not differ between the SF and SPF groups, but was reduced by 17% in the Sepsis group compared with the SPF group (p < 0.05). The complex-I-linked respiration in permeabilized soleus fibers was higher in the SPF group than the SF group (p < 0.05) and lower in the Sepsis group than the SPF group (p < 0.01). Pgc1α protein expression increased 3.9-fold in the SPF mice compared with the SF mice (p < 0.05) and remained unchanged in the Sepsis mice compared with the SPF mice; the Pgc1α mRNA expression decreased in the Sepsis compared with the SPF mice (p < 0.05). Thus, the sepsis-like energy deficit did not explain the early sepsis-induced muscle fiber atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction, but led to specific metabolic adaptations not observed in sepsis.
Collapse
|
121
|
Guo Y, Wang M, Liu Y, Pang Y, Tian L, Zhao J, Liu M, Shen C, Meng Y, Wang Y, Cai Z, Zhao W. BaoShenTongLuo formula protects against podocyte injury by regulating AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in diabetic kidney disease. Chin Med 2023; 18:32. [PMID: 36967383 PMCID: PMC10040124 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be an important contributor in podocyte injury under diabetic conditions. The BaoShenTongLuo (BSTL) formula has been shown to reduce podocyte damage and postpone the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The potential mechanisms underlying the effects of BSTL, however, have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the effects of BSTL are related to the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis via the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. METHODS High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-MS) analysis was performed to investigate the characteristics of pure compounds in BSTL. db/db mice and mouse podocyte clone-5 (MPC5) cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) to induce DKD and podocyte damage. Body weight, random blood glucose, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), indicators of renal function and renal histological lesions were measured. Markers of podocyte injury, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were assessed. Protein expressions of AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial fusion protein 2 (MFN2) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) were also detected. MPC5 cells were transfected with AMPKα small interfering RNA (AMPKα siRNA) to determine the underlying mechanisms of BSTL improvement of mitochondrial function under diabetic conditions. RESULTS In vivo, treatment with BSTL reduced the UACR levels, reversed the histopathological changes in renal tissues, and alleviated the podocyte injury observed in db/db mice. After BSTL treatment, the decreased mtDNA content and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, III, and IV activities were significantly improved, and these effects were accompanied by maintenance of the protein expression of p-AMPKαT172, PGC-1α, TFAM and MFN2. The in vitro experiments also showed that BSTL reduced podocyte apoptosis, suppressed excessive cellular ROS production, and reversed the decreased in MMP that were observed under HG conditions. More importantly, the effects of BSTL in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and reducing podocyte apoptosis were inhibited in AMPKα siRNA-treated podocytes. CONCLUSION BSTL plays a crucial role in protecting against podocyte injury by regulating the AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis in DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanyu Pang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mengchao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Cun Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yuefen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Speijer D. How mitochondria showcase evolutionary mechanisms and the importance of oxygen. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300013. [PMID: 36965057 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Darwinian evolution can be simply stated: natural selection of inherited variations increasing differential reproduction. However, formulated thus, links with biochemistry, cell biology, ecology, and population dynamics remain unclear. To understand interactive contributions of chance and selection, higher levels of biological organization (e.g., endosymbiosis), complexities of competing selection forces, and emerging biological novelties (such as eukaryotes or meiotic sex), we must analyze actual examples. Focusing on mitochondria, I will illuminate how biology makes sense of life's evolution, and the concepts involved. First, looking at the bacterium - mitochondrion transition: merging with an archaeon, it lost its independence, but played a decisive role in eukaryogenesis, as an extremely efficient aerobic ATP generator and internal ROS source. Second, surveying later mitochondrion adaptations and diversifications illustrates concepts such as constructive neutral evolution, dynamic interactions between endosymbionts and hosts, the contingency of life histories, and metabolic reprogramming. Without oxygen, mitochondria disappear; with (intermittent) oxygen diversification occurs in highly complex ways, especially upon (temporary) phototrophic substrate supply. These expositions show the Darwinian model to be a highly fruitful paradigm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dave Speijer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Shahin S, Lu B, Zhou Y, Xu H, Chetsawang J, Baloh RH, Wang S. MFN1 augmentation prevents retinal degeneration in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2A mouse model. iScience 2023; 26:106270. [PMID: 36936780 PMCID: PMC10014277 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A), the most common inherited peripheral axonal neuropathy, is associated with more than 100 dominant mutations, including R94Q as the most abundant mutation in the Mitofusin2 (MFN2) gene. CMT2A is characterized by progressive motor and sensory loss, color-vision defects, and progressive loss of visual acuity. We used a well-established transgenic mouse model of CMT2A with R94Q mutation on MFN2 gene (MFN2 R94Q ) to investigate the functional and morphological changes in retina. We documented extensive vision loss due to photoreceptor degeneration, retinal ganglion cell and their axonal loss, retinal secondary neuronal and synaptic alternation, and Müller cell gliosis in the retina of MFN2 R94Q mice. Imbalanced MFN1/MFN2 ratio and dysregulated mitochondrial fusion/fission result in retinal degeneration via P62/LC3B-mediated mitophagy/autophagy in MFN2 R94Q mice. Finally, transgenic MFN1 augmentation (MFN2 R94Q :MFN1) rescued vision and retinal morphology to wild-type level via restoring homeostasis in mitochondrial MFN1/MFN2 ratio, fusion/fission cycle, and PINK1-dependent, Parkin-independent mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Shahin
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Bin Lu
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yueqin Zhou
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jason Chetsawang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Robert H. Baloh
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Shaomei Wang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Yamamoto T, Arita M, Tamura T, Saito M, Katayama H, Kuroda H, Suzuki T, Kawamata S. A Novel Approach for Determining the Critical Quality Attributes of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Specifying Cell Population With Replication Potential. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:169-182. [PMID: 36917628 PMCID: PMC10021496 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a novel approach to determine the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expected to exert immunosuppressive effects. MSCs retained homeostatic replication potentials, such as sustainable growth and consistent cell morphology as a population, in early passages, but lost them in late passages. Characteristic surface markers of MSCs (ie, CD73, CD90, and CD105) were no longer expressed at 2 weeks after subcutaneous transplantation into NOG mice when MSCs from late passages were transplanted, but not when MSCs from early passages were transplanted, suggesting that the biological effects of the MSCs differed according to the timing of cell harvesting and highlighting the importance of specifying MSCs that retained homeostatic features to define the CQAs. The homeostatic features of MSCs related to the balance of the redox system, nutrient requirements, and mitochondrial function were also observed until a certain passage. Therefore, we could define the CQAs of MSCs related to manufacturing by selecting process parameters (PPs) underlying the homeostatic features of MSCs and measuring these PPs quantitatively to specify the cell population with homeostatic features by limiting the passage number. The validity of the PPs stipulated in our pilot study was verified using an SKG murine arthritis model, and critical PPs (CPPs) were then selected among the PPs. Thus, CQAs related to manufacturing in the developmental phase could be defined by the CPPs in this manner, and the concept of CQAs could be refined continuously toward commercial manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Yamamoto
- R&D Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mao Arita
- R&D Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- R&D Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miho Saito
- R&D Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Hirotaka Kuroda
- Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shin Kawamata
- Corresponding author: Shin Kawamata, 1-5-4, Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Li X, Yang Q, Liu S, Song S, Wang C. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes promote mitochondrial fission through AKAP1-Drp1 pathway in podocytes under high glucose conditions. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113512. [PMID: 36775185 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Excessive mitochondrial fission in podocytes is a critical feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) are contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which are suggested to be related to mitochondrial function. However, the role of MAMs in mitochondrial dynamics disorder in podocytes remains unknown. Here, we firstly reported a novel mechanism of MAMs' effects on mitochondrial dynamics in podocytes under diabetic conditions. Increased MAMs were found in diabetic podocytes in vivo and in vitro, which were positively correlated with excessive mitochondrial fission. What's more, we also found that A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) was located in MAMs, and its translocation to MAMs was increased in podocytes cultured with high glucose (HG). In addition, AKAP1 knockdown significantly reduced mitochondrial fission and attenuated high glucose induced-podocyte injury through regulating phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and its subsequent mitochondrial translocation. On the contrary, AKAP1 overexpression in these podocytes showed the opposite effect. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of Drp1 alleviated excessive mitochondrial fission and podocyte damage in AKAP1 overexpressed podocytes. Our data suggest that MAMs were increased in podocytes under diabetic conditions, leading to excessive mitochondrial fission and podocyte damage through AKAP1-Drp1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehong Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Qinglan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Sirui Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Shicong Song
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Lyu Y, Huo J, Jiang W, Yang W, Wang S, Zhang S, Cheng Y, Jiang Z, Shan Q. Empagliflozin ameliorates cardiac dysfunction in heart failure mice via regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 942:175531. [PMID: 36690056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Empagliflozin has cardioprotective effects in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the mechanism by which empagliflozin protects against HF remains controversial. Study aimed to evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function in HF mice and its possible mechanism. C57BL/6 mice were induced with HF by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. At 4 weeks postoperation, mice were randomly given normal saline or empagliflozin for 8 weeks. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. Masson's staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis were used to detect the degree of myocardial fibrosis. Changes in mitochondria were detected by observing mitochondrial morphology, measuring mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and analysing the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The mitochondrial fission inhibitor, mdivi1, was used to detect the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction in HF mice. HF led to myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. However, treatment with empagliflozin reduced these effects. Empagliflozin inhibited mitochondrial fission and improved energy metabolic efficiency in HF mice by regulating the expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins. Similarly, mdivi1 attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial fission in HF mice. Regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, especially inhibition of mitochondrial fission, may be a potential target for reducing cardiac damage in patients with HF. Empagliflozin improved myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction by modulating mitochondrial dynamics in HF mice. Thus, the cardiac protective effect of empagliflozin may be related to the normalization of mitochondria and the increase in ATP production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YiTing Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - JunYu Huo
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - WanYing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - ShengChan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - ShiGeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - YanDi Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - ZhiXin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - QiJun Shan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Dai C, Qu B, Peng B, Liu B, Li Y, Niu C, Peng B, Li D. Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 facilitates mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation in spinal tissues after spinal cord injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109773. [PMID: 36773566 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a high incidence worldwide that causes a heavy physical and psychological burden to patients. It is urgent to further reveal the pathological mechanism and effective treatment of SCI. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the disease progression of SCI. As a mitochondrial membrane protein, phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) is mainly involved in mitochondrial function and mitosis to modulate cellular physiological functions, but the roles of PGAM5 in spinal tissues remain to be unreported after SCI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of PGAM5 in SCI mice and its relationship with neuroinflammation. The results showed that the mitochondrial membrane protein PGAM5 was involved in microglia activation after SCI, and PGAM5 deletion could improve mitochondrial dysfunction (including abnormal mtDNA, ATP synthases, and ATP levels, Cyt C expression, and ROS and rGSH levels) in spinal cord tissue after SCI, Arg1/iNOS mRNA level, iNOS expression, and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels. In vitro, H2O2 increased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels in BV2 cells, and PGAM5-sh and Nrf2 activators significantly reversed H2O2-induced iNOS expression and proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, IP/Western blotting results revealed that PGAM5-sh treatment significantly reduced the interaction of PGAM5 with Nrf2 and enhanced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in BV2 cells. The data suggested that PGAM5 was involved in the cascade of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in microglia via facilitating the expression level of Nrf2 in the nucleus after SCI. It provided a reference for clarifying the pathological mechanism and therapeutic target of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dai
- Orthopedics and Trauma Department, The 963rd (224th) Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 963rd Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bo Qu
- Tianjin University, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Disaster and Emergency Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bibo Peng
- Outpatient Department, The Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No.83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongchao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chunlei Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Baogan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Duanming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Multi-Omics Profiling of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Reveals Altered Mechanisms in Mitochondrial Dynamics and Excitation-Contraction Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054724. [PMID: 36902152 PMCID: PMC10002553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common inherited cardiomyopathies and a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults. Despite profound insights into the genetics, there is imperfect correlation between mutation and clinical prognosis, suggesting complex molecular cascades driving pathogenesis. To investigate this, we performed an integrated quantitative multi-omics (proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and metabolomic) analysis to illuminate the early and direct consequences of mutations in myosin heavy chain in engineered human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes relative to late-stage disease using patient myectomies. We captured hundreds of differential features, which map to distinct molecular mechanisms modulating mitochondrial homeostasis at the earliest stages of pathobiology, as well as stage-specific metabolic and excitation-coupling maladaptation. Collectively, this study fills in gaps from previous studies by expanding knowledge of the initial responses to mutations that protect cells against the early stress prior to contractile dysfunction and overt disease.
Collapse
|
129
|
Ye F, Wu L, Li H, Peng X, Xu Y, Li W, Wei Y, Chen F, Zhang J, Liu Q. SIRT1/PGC-1α is involved in arsenic-induced male reproductive damage through mitochondrial dysfunction, which is blocked by the antioxidative effect of zinc. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121084. [PMID: 36681380 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic poses threats to male reproductive system, including impairing the testes and sperm quality. Although an association regarding arsenic exposure and male reproductive damage has been reported, the undergoing molecular mechanisms and interventions for prevention remain unclear. For the present work, male mice were exposed to 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 ppm sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) for 8 months. The results showed that arsenic-exposed mice had reduced fertility with abnormalities in the testes, epididymides, and sperm. Exposure of mice to arsenic caused a redox imbalance, decreased SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels, and affected mitochondrial biogenesis and proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics. For immortalized spermatogenic (GC-2) cells, arsenic caused apoptosis and oxidative stress, reduced SIRT1/PGC-1α levels and ATP production, inhibited mitochondrial respiration, and changed the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics were also impaired. However, by reducing mitochondrial damage in GC-2 cells, upregulation of SIRT1 or zinc (Zn) supplementation reversed the apoptosis induced by arsenic. For mice, Zn supplementation blocked arsenic-induced oxidative stress, the decreases of SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels, and the impairment of mitochondrial function, and it reversed the damage to testes, low sperm quality, and low litter size. Collectively, these results suggest that arsenic causes excessive production of ROS, inhibits the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, and causing mitochondrial dysfunction by mediating impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, which results in germ cells apoptosis and male reproductive damage, processes that are blocked by Zn via an antioxidative effect. Our study contributes to understanding of the mechanisms for arsenic-induced male reproductive damage and points to the therapeutic significance of Zn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Ye
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wu
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Peng
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Li
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide, and Veterinary Drug, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Mitochondrial cristae in health and disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123755. [PMID: 36812974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are centers of energy metabolism. The mitochondrial network is shaped by mitochondrial dynamics, including the processes of mitochondrial fission and fusion and cristae remodeling. The cristae folded by the inner mitochondrial membrane are sites of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. However, the factors and their coordinated interplay in cristae remodeling and linked human diseases have not been fully demonstrated. In this review, we focus on key regulators of cristae structure, including the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system, optic atrophy-1, mitochondrial calcium uniporter, and ATP synthase, which function in the dynamic remodeling of cristae. We summarized their contribution to sustaining functional cristae structure and abnormal cristae morphology, including a decreased number of cristae, enlarged cristae junctions, and cristae as concentric ring structures. These abnormalities directly impact cellular respiration and are caused by dysfunction or deletion of these regulators in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Leigh syndrome, and dominant optic atrophy. Identifying the important regulators of cristae morphology and understanding their role in sustaining mitochondrial morphology could be applied to explore the pathologies of diseases and to develop relevant therapeutic tools.
Collapse
|
131
|
Gallo Cantafio ME, Torcasio R, Viglietto G, Amodio N. Non-Coding RNA-Dependent Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cancer Pathophysiology. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:ncrna9010016. [PMID: 36827549 PMCID: PMC9964195 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles which dynamically change their shape and number to adapt to various environmental signals in diverse physio-pathological contexts. Mitochondrial dynamics refers to the delicate balance between mitochondrial fission (or fragmentation) and fusion, that plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control, impinging on other mitochondrial processes such as metabolism, apoptosis, mitophagy, and autophagy. In this review, we will discuss how dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics can affect different cancer hallmarks, significantly impacting tumor growth, survival, invasion, and chemoresistance. Special emphasis will be given to emerging non-coding RNA molecules targeting the main fusion/fission effectors, acting as novel relevant upstream regulators of the mitochondrial dynamics rheostat in a wide range of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Torcasio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Zhang X, Wang L, Li B, Shi J, Xu J, Yuan M. Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Expanding the Therapeutic Approaches by Plant-Derived Natural Products. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:277. [PMID: 37259422 PMCID: PMC9961467 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in neurons, supporting the high energy consumption of the nervous system. Inefficient and dysfunctional mitochondria in the central nervous system have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for neurodegenerative diseases. Many recent studies have proposed that plant-derived natural products, as pleiotropic, safe, and readily obtainable sources of new drugs, potentially treat neurodegenerative diseases by targeting mitochondria. In this review, we summarize recent advances in targeting mitochondria in neurotherapeutics by employing plant-derived natural products. We discuss the mechanism of plant-derived natural products according to their mechanism of action on mitochondria in terms of regulating biogenesis, fusion, fission, bioenergetics, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, membrane potential, and mitochondrial DNA stability, as well as repairing damaged mitochondria. In addition, we discuss the potential perspectives and challenges in developing plant-derived natural products to target mitochondria, highlighting the clinical value of phytochemicals as feasible candidates for future neurotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Longqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiayan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Minlan Yuan
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Chen Q, Ruan D, Shi J, Du D, Bian C. The multifaceted roles of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093038. [PMID: 36860298 PMCID: PMC9968749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary source of energy production in cells, supporting the metabolic demand of tissue. The dysfunctional mitochondria are implicated in various diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer. Therefore, regulating dysfunctional mitochondria offers a new therapeutic opportunity for diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction. Natural products are pleiotropic and readily obtainable sources of therapeutic agents, which have broad prospects in new drug discovery. Recently, many mitochondria-targeting natural products have been extensively studied and have shown promising pharmacological activity in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, we summarize recent advances in natural products in targeting mitochondria and regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in this review. We discuss natural products in terms of their mechanisms on mitochondrial dysfunction, including modulating mitochondrial quality control system and regulating mitochondrial functions. In addition, we describe the future perspective and challenges in the development of mitochondria-targeting natural products, emphasizing the potential value of natural products in mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiayan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongru Du
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
134
|
Zhu T, Hu Q, Yuan Y, Yao H, Zhang J, Qi J. Mitochondrial dynamics in vascular remodeling and target-organ damage. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1067732. [PMID: 36860274 PMCID: PMC9970102 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1067732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the pathological basis for the development of many cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms underlying endothelial cell dysfunction, smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching, fibroblast activation, and inflammatory macrophage differentiation during vascular remodeling remain elusive. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles. Recent studies showed that mitochondrial fusion and fission play crucial roles in vascular remodeling and that the delicate balance of fusion-fission may be more important than individual processes. In addition, vascular remodeling may also lead to target-organ damage by interfering with the blood supply to major body organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney. The protective effect of mitochondrial dynamics modulators on target-organs has been demonstrated in numerous studies, but whether they can be used for the treatment of related cardiovascular diseases needs to be verified in future clinical studies. Herein, we summarize recent advances regarding mitochondrial dynamics in multiple cells involved in vascular remodeling and associated target-organ damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxun Hu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Jian Zhang,
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jia Qi,
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
The Journey of Mitochondrial Protein Import and the Roadmap to Follow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032479. [PMID: 36768800 PMCID: PMC9916854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles that play critical functions in cells including metabolism, energy production, regulation of intrinsic apoptosis, and maintenance of calcium homeostasis. Mitochondria are fascinatingly equipped with their own genome and machinery for transcribing and translating 13 essential proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). The rest of the proteins (99%) that function in mitochondria in the various pathways described above are nuclear-transcribed and synthesized as precursors in the cytosol. These proteins are imported into the mitochondria by the unique mitochondrial protein import system that consists of seven machineries. Proper functioning of the mitochondrial protein import system is crucial for optimal mitochondrial deliverables, as well as mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. Impaired mitochondrial protein import leads to proteotoxic stress in both mitochondria and cytosol, inducing mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). Altered UPRmt is associated with the development of various disease conditions including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. This review sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, the consequences of defective mitochondrial protein import, and the pathological conditions that arise due to altered UPRmt.
Collapse
|
136
|
Matsumura K, Takaki S, Kirikae T. Mycobacterial protein PE_PGRS30 induces macrophage apoptosis through prohibitin 2 mitochondrial function interference. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1080369. [PMID: 36778852 PMCID: PMC9911437 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1080369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PE_PGRS30 belongs to the PE_PGRS protein family and is characterized by a conserved Pro-Glu (PE) domain and a typically polymorphic GC-rich sequence (PGRS) domain. PE_PGRS30 is a virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that induces macrophage cell death. We found that RAW264.7 cells and murine alveolar macrophages underwent apoptosis in response to PE_PGRS30. The host protein prohibitin 2 (PHB2) was identified as a target molecule. PE_PGRS30 and PHB2 interact via the PGRS domain and mitochondrial targeting sequence, respectively. PHB2 overexpression reduced macrophage apoptosis in response to PE_PGRS30. PE_PGRS30 co-localized with PHB2, not in mitochondria, but in lysosomes. The maintenance of mitochondrial structure by PHB2 was impaired in response to the PGRS domain. These results indicated that PE_PGRS30 reduces PHB2 in mitochondria, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Matsumura
- Department of Immune Regulation, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takaki
- Department of Immune Regulation, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Teruo Kirikae
- Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Teruo Kirikae,
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Chen X, Wei C, Huang L, Syrigos K, Li Y, Li P. Non-coding RNAs regulate mitochondrial dynamics in the development of gastric cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1107651. [PMID: 36714260 PMCID: PMC9877238 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1107651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant cancer that reduces life expectancy worldwide. Although treatment strategies have improved, patients with GC still have poor prognoses. Hence, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms of GC and to find new therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction are associated with cancer cell growth and progression. Numerous studies have reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can participate in the occurrence and development of GC by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Elucidating the crosstalk between ncRNAs and mitochondria would be helpful in preventing and treating GC. Herein, we review and summarize the functions of oncogenes and tumor suppressors in suppressing ncRNAs and regulating mitochondrial dynamics in GC tumor growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. This review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of and intervention for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiatian Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuang Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liting Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Yuzhen Li
- Basic Medical Department, Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yuzhen Li, ; Peifeng Li,
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China,*Correspondence: Yuzhen Li, ; Peifeng Li,
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Szelechowski M, Texier B, Prime M, Atamena D, Belenguer P. Mortalin/Hspa9 involvement and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson’s disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:293-298. [PMID: 35900406 PMCID: PMC9396523 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.346487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By controlling the proper folding of proteins imported into mitochondria and ensuring crosstalk between the reticulum and mitochondria to modulate intracellular calcium fluxes, Mortalin is a chaperone protein that plays crucial roles in neuronal homeostasis and activity. However, its expression and stability are strongly modified in response to cellular stresses, in particular upon altered oxidative conditions during neurodegeneration. Here, we report and discuss the abundant literature that has highlighted its contribution to the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, as well as its therapeutic and prognostic potential in this still incurable pathology.
Collapse
|
139
|
Scott K, Phan TT, Boukelmoune N, Heijnen CJ, Dantzer R. Chronic restraint stress impairs voluntary wheel running but has no effect on food-motivated behavior in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:319-329. [PMID: 36349643 PMCID: PMC9729455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic restraint stress is known to cause significant alterations of mitochondrial biology. However, its effects on effort-based behavior and the sensitivity of these effects to treatments that restore mitochondrial function have not been assessed. Based on the hypothesis that the behavioral consequences of this stressor should be more severe for an energy demanding activity than for an energy procuring activity, we compared the effects of chronic restraint stress on the performance of male mice trained to use a running wheel or to nose poke for a food reward in an operant conditioning cage. In accordance with our hypothesis, we observed that exposure of mice to 2-hour daily restraint sessions for 14 to 16 days during the light phase of the cycle reliably decreased voluntary wheel running but had no effect on working for food in a fixed ratio 10 schedule of food reinforcement or in a progressive ratio schedule of food reinforcement. This dissociation between the two types of behavioral activities could reflect an adaptive response to the constraint imposed by chronic restraint stress on mitochondria function and its negative consequences on energy metabolism. To determine whether it is the case, we administered mesenchymal stem cells intranasally to chronically restrained mice to repair the putative mitochondrial dysfunction induced by chronic restraint stress. This intervention had no effect on wheel running deficits. Assessment of mitochondrial gene expression in the brain of mice submitted to chronic restraint stress revealed an increase in the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biology that showed habituation with repetition of daily sessions of restraint stress. These original findings can be interpreted to indicate that chronic restraint stress induces behavioral and mitochondrial adjustments that contribute to metabolic adaptation to this stressor and maintain metabolic flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten Scott
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thien Trong Phan
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nabila Boukelmoune
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
The Flavonoid Naringenin Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis through Curbing the Migration and Polarization of CD4 + T Lymphocyte Driven by Regulating Mitochondrial Fission. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010279. [PMID: 36613721 PMCID: PMC9820519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune disease. Due to local infiltration and damage to the joints, activated CD4+ T cells play a crucial role in the progression of RA. However, the exact regulatory mechanisms are perplexing, which makes the effective management of RA frustrating. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondria fission on the polarization and migration of CD4+ T cells as well as the regulatory mechanism of NAR, so as to provide enlightenment on therapeutic targets and novel strategies for the treatment of RA. In this study, a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was established, and rats were randomly given saline or naringenin (NAR, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day, before being euthanized on the 42nd day of primary immunization. The pain-like behavior, articular index scores, account of synovial-infiltrated CD4+ T cells, and inflammatory factors were investigated in each group. In vitro, spleen CD4+ T lymphocytes were derived from each group. In addition, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1) or NAR was added to the cell medium containing C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) in order to induce CD4+ T lymphocytes, respectively. The polarization capacity of CD4+ T cells was evaluated through the immunofluorescence intensity of the F-actin and myosin light chain phosphorylated at Ser19 (pMLC S19), and the mitochondrial distribution was determined by co-localization analysis of the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20, the mitochondrial marker) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1, the uropod marker). The mitochondrial fission was investigated by detecting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) using Western blot and immunofluorescence. This study revealed that high-dose NAR (50 mg/kg, i.p.) alleviated pain-like behavior and articular index scores, reduced the serum level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and accounted for CD4+ T lymphocytes that infiltrated into the synovial membrane of the CIA group. Meanwhile, NAR (50 mg/kg, i.p.) suppressed the polarization of spleen CD4+ T lymphocytes, reduced the redistribution of mitochondria in the uropod, and inhibited the expression of Drp1 and Fis1 in the CIA model. Furthermore, the in vitro experiments confirmed that NAR reduced mitochondrial fission, which in turn inhibited the CXCL12-induced polarization and migration of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Our results demonstrated that the flavonoid NAR was a promising drug for the treatment of RA, which could effectively interfere with mitochondrial fission, thus inhibiting the polarization and migration of CD4+ T cells in the synovial membrane.
Collapse
|
141
|
Zhang W, Liu B, Wang Y, Zhang H, He L, Wang P, Dong M. Mitochondrial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1079989. [PMID: 36589421 PMCID: PMC9795033 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1079989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. PAH has high disability, high mortality and poor prognosis, which is becoming a more common global health issue. There is currently no drug that can permanently cure PAH patients. The pathogenesis of PAH is still not fully elucidated. However, the role of metabolic theory in the pathogenesis of PAH is becoming clearer, especially mitochondrial metabolism. With the deepening of mitochondrial researches in recent years, more and more studies have shown that the occurrence and development of PAH are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, redox homeostasis, enhanced glycolysis, and increased reactive oxygen species production, calcium dysregulation, mitophagy, etc. This review will further elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. It might be possible to explore more comprehensive and specific treatment strategies for PAH by understanding these mitochondrial metabolic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Geratric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Hengli Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Lang He
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Calorie Restriction Provides Kidney Ischemic Tolerance in Senescence-Accelerated OXYS Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315224. [PMID: 36499550 PMCID: PMC9735762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases belong to a group of pathologies, which are most common among elderly people. With age, even outwardly healthy organisms start to exhibit some age-related changes in the renal tissue, which reduce the filtration function of kidneys and increase the susceptibility to injury. The therapy of acute kidney injury (AKI) is aggravated by the absence of targeted pharmacotherapies thus yielding high mortality of patients with AKI. In this study, we analyzed the protective effects of calorie restriction (CR) against ischemic AKI in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats. We observed that CR afforded OXYS rats with significant nephroprotection. To uncover molecular mechanisms of CR beneficial effects, we assessed the levels of anti- and proapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family, COX IV, GAPDH, and mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT-3, as well as alterations in total protein acetylation and carbonylation, mitochondrial dynamics (OPA1, Fis1, Drp1) and kidney regeneration pathways (PCNA, GDF11). The activation of autophagy and mitophagy was analyzed by LC3 II/LC3 I ratio, beclin-1, PINK-1, and total mitochondrial protein ubiquitination. Among all considered protective pathways, the improvement of mitochondrial functioning may be suggested as one of the possible mechanisms for beneficial effects of CR.
Collapse
|
143
|
Lu L, Liu JB, Wang JQ, Lian CY, Wang ZY, Wang L. Glyphosate-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species overproduction activates parkin-dependent mitophagy to inhibit testosterone synthesis in mouse leydig cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120314. [PMID: 36183875 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY), one of the most extensively used herbicides in the world, has been shown to inhibit testosterone synthesis in male animals. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for testosterone synthesis and its dysfunction has been demonstrated to induce the inhibition of testosterone biosynthesis. However, whether low-dose GLY exposure targets mitochondria to inhibit testosterone synthesis and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, an in vitro model of 10 μM GLY-exposed mouse Leydig (TM3) cells was established to elucidate this issue. Data firstly showed that mitochondrial malfunction, mainly manifested by ultrastructure damage, disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) overproduction, was responsible for GLY-decreased protein levels of steroidogenic enzymes, which leads to the inhibition of testosterone synthesis. Enhancement of autophagic flux and activation of mitophagy were shown in GLY-treated TM3 cells, and further studies have revealed that GLY-activated mitophagy is parkin-dependent. Notably, GLY-inhibited testosterone production was significantly improved by parkin knockdown. Finally, data showed that treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO (M-T) markedly reversed GLY-induced mitochondrial network fragmentation, activation of parkin-dependent mitophagy and consultant testosterone reduction. Overall, these findings demonstrate that GLY induces mtROS overproduction to activate parkin-dependent mitophagy, which contributes to the inhibition of testosterone synthesis. This study provides a potential mechanistic explanation for how GLY inhibits testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Jing-Bo Liu
- College of Biological and Brewing Engineering, Taishan University, 525 Dongyue Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Wang
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China
| | - Cai-Yu Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Sui GY, Wang F, Lee J, Roh YS. Mitochondrial Control in Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314890. [PMID: 36499214 PMCID: PMC9736936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). The maintenance of mitochondrial function is necessary for a stable immune system. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the gastrointestinal system leads to the excessive activation of multiple inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to IBD and increased severity of CRC. In this review, we focus on the mitochondria and inflammatory signaling pathways and its related gastrointestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yan Sui
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.S.R.)
| | - Yoon Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (Y.S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Qin L, Xi S. The role of Mitochondrial Fission Proteins in Mitochondrial Dynamics in Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314725. [PMID: 36499050 PMCID: PMC9736104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have many forms and can change their shape through fusion and fission of the outer and inner membranes, called "mitochondrial dynamics". Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, such as mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1), mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), mitochondrial 98 dynamics proteins of 49 kDa (MiD49), and mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 51 kDa (MiD51), can aggregate at the outer mitochondrial membrane and thus attract Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) from the cytoplasm to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where DRP1 can perform a scissor-like function to cut a complete mitochondrion into two separate mitochondria. Other organelles can promote mitochondrial fission alongside mitochondria. FIS1 plays an important role in mitochondrial-lysosomal contacts, differentiating itself from other mitochondrial-fission-associated proteins. The contact between the two can also induce asymmetric mitochondrial fission. The kidney is a mitochondria-rich organ, requiring large amounts of mitochondria to produce energy for blood circulation and waste elimination. Pathological increases in mitochondrial fission can lead to kidney damage that can be ameliorated by suppressing their excessive fission. This article reviews the current knowledge on the key role of mitochondrial-fission-associated proteins in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and the role of their various post-translational modifications in activation or degradation of fission-associated proteins and targeted drug therapy.
Collapse
|
146
|
Yi L, Shang XJ, Lv L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Quan C, Shi Y, Liu Y, Zhang L. Cadmium-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells is mediated by excessive mitochondrial fission and inhibition of mitophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:928. [PMID: 36335091 PMCID: PMC9637113 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05364-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is one of the environmental and occupational pollutants and its potential adverse effects on human health have given rise to substantial concern. Cadmium causes damage to the male reproductive system via induction of germ-cell apoptosis; however, the underlying mechanism of cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in Leydig cells remains unclear. In this study, twenty mice were divided randomly into four groups and exposed to CdCl2 at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg/day for four consecutive weeks. Testicular injury, abnormal spermatogenesis and apoptosis of Leydig cells were observed in mice. In order to investigate the mechanism of cadmium-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells, a model of mouse Leydig cell line (i.e. TM3 cells) was subjected to treatment with various concentrations of CdCl2. It was found that mitochondrial function was disrupted by cadmium, which also caused a significant elevation in levels of mitochondrial superoxide and cellular ROS. Furthermore, while cadmium increased the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins (DRP1 and FIS1), it reduced the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins (OPA1 and MFN1). This led to excessive mitochondrial fission, the release of cytochrome c and apoptosis. Conversely, cadmium-induced accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide was decreased by the inhibition of mitochondrial fission through the use of Mdivi-1 (an inhibitor of DRP1). Mdivi-1 also partially prevented the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol and attenuated cell apoptosis. Finally, given the accumulation of LC3II and SQSTM1/p62 and the obstruction of Parkin recruitment into damaged mitochondria in TM3 cells, the autophagosome-lysosome fusion was probably inhibited by cadmium. Overall, these findings suggest that cadmium induces apoptosis of mouse Leydig cells via the induction of excessive mitochondrial fission and inhibition of mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Yi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xue-Jun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Linglu Lv
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Chao Quan
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuqin Shi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yunhao Liu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Peng S, Gao J, Stojkov D, Yousefi S, Simon H. Established and emerging roles for mitochondria in neutrophils. Immunol Rev 2022; 314:413-426. [PMID: 36331270 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cells in human blood, emerging as important players in a variety of diseases. Mitochondria are bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles critical for cell fate and function. Mitochondria have been overlooked in neutrophil research owing to the conventional view that neutrophils contain few, if any, competent mitochondria and do not rely on these organelles for adenosine triphosphate production. A growing body of evidence suggests that mitochondria participate in neutrophil biology at many levels, ranging from neutrophil development to chemotaxis, effector function, and cell death. Moreover, mitochondria and mitochondrial components, such as mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid, can be released by neutrophils to eliminate infection and/or shape immune response, depending on the specific context. In this review, we provide an update on the functional role of mitochondria in neutrophils, highlight mitochondria as key players in modulating the neutrophil phenotype and function during infection and inflammation, and discuss the possibilities and challenges to exploit the unique aspects of mitochondria in neutrophils for disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Peng
- Institute of Pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Darko Stojkov
- Institute of Pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Shida Yousefi
- Institute of Pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Hans‐Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov University Moscow Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia
- Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School Neuruppin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Yan Y, Li M, Lin J, Ji Y, Wang K, Yan D, Shen Y, Wang W, Huang Z, Jiang H, Sun H, Qi L. Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase contributes to skeletal muscle health through the control of mitochondrial function. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:947387. [PMID: 36339617 PMCID: PMC9632297 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.947387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in the body and the largest protein repository. Mitochondria are the main energy-producing organelles in cells and play an important role in skeletal muscle health and function. They participate in several biological processes related to skeletal muscle metabolism, growth, and regeneration. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic sensor and regulator of systemic energy balance. AMPK is involved in the control of energy metabolism by regulating many downstream targets. In this review, we propose that AMPK directly controls several facets of mitochondrial function, which in turn controls skeletal muscle metabolism and health. This review is divided into four parts. First, we summarize the properties of AMPK signal transduction and its upstream activators. Second, we discuss the role of mitochondria in myogenesis, muscle atrophy, regeneration post-injury of skeletal muscle cells. Third, we elaborate the effects of AMPK on mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, fission and mitochondrial autophagy, and discuss how AMPK regulates the metabolism of skeletal muscle by regulating mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss the effects of AMPK activators on muscle disease status. This review thus represents a foundation for understanding this biological process of mitochondrial dynamics regulated by AMPK in the metabolism of skeletal muscle. A better understanding of the role of AMPK on mitochondrial dynamic is essential to improve mitochondrial function, and hence promote skeletal muscle health and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Binhai County People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dajun Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhongwei Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Liu X, Ye M, Ma L. The emerging role of autophagy and mitophagy in tauopathies: From pathogenesis to translational implications in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1022821. [PMID: 36325189 PMCID: PMC9618726 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1022821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than 55 million individuals worldwide in 2021. In addition to the "amyloid hypothesis," an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that phosphorylated tau plays an important role in AD pathogenesis. Both soluble tau oligomers and insoluble tau aggregates in the brain can induce structural and functional neuronal damage through multiple pathways, eventually leading to memory deficits and neurodegeneration. Autophagy is an important cellular response to various stress stimuli and can generally be categorized into non-selective and selective autophagy. Recent studies have indicated that both types of autophagy are involved in AD pathology. Among the several subtypes of selective autophagy, mitophagy, which mediates the selective removal of mitochondria, has attracted increasing attention because dysfunctional mitochondria have been suggested to contribute to tauopathies. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the bidirectional association between abnormal tau proteins and defective autophagy, as well as mitophagy, which might constitute a vicious cycle in the induction of neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation, another important feature in the pathogenesis and progression of AD, has been shown to crosstalk with autophagy and mitophagy. Additionally, we comprehensively discuss the relationship between neuroinflammation, autophagy, and mitophagy. By elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms governing these pathologies, we highlight novel therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy, mitophagy and neuroinflammation, such as those using rapamycin, urolithin, spermidine, curcumin, nicotinamide, and actinonin, for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Liu
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Tracy EP, Nair R, Rowe G, Beare JE, Beyer A, LeBlanc AJ. Adipose stromal vascular fraction reverses mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperfission in aging-induced coronary microvascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H749-H762. [PMID: 36018760 PMCID: PMC9529257 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00311.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with blunted coronary microvascular vasodilatory function. Previously, systemically administered adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) therapy reversed aging-induced attenuation of β1-adrenergic- and flow-mediated dilation dependent on reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that SVF-mediated recovery of microvascular dilatory function is dependent on recovery of mitochondrial function, specifically by reducing mitochondrial hyperfission. Female Fischer-344 rats were allocated into young control, old control, and old + SVF therapy groups. Pressure myography, immunofluorescent staining, Western blot analysis, and RNA sequencing were performed to determine coronary microvascular mitochondrial dynamics and function. Gene and protein expression of fission-mediator DRP-1 was enhanced with aging but reversed by SVF therapy. SVF facilitated an increase in fusion-mediator MFN-1 gene and protein expression. Mitochondrial morphology was characterized as rod-like and densely networked in young controls, isolated circular and punctate with aging, and less circularity with partially restored mitochondrial branch density with SVF therapy. Decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP bioavailability in aged animals at baseline and during flow-mediated dilation were reversed by SVF and accompanied with enhanced oxygen consumption. Dilation to norepinephrine and flow in young controls were dependent on uninhibited mitochondrial fusion, whereas inhibiting fission did not restore aged microvessel response to norepinephrine or flow. SVF-mediated recovery of β-adrenergic function was dependent on uninhibited mitochondrial fusion, whereas recovery of flow-mediated dilation was dependent on maintained mitochondrial fission. Impaired dilation in aging is mitigated by SVF therapy, which recovers mitochondrial function and fission/fusion balance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We elucidated the consequences of aging on coronary microvascular mitochondrial health as well as SVF's ability to reverse these effects. Aging shifts gene/protein expression and mitochondrial morphology indicating hyperfission, alongside attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP bioavailability, all reversed using SVF therapy. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels correlated with vasodilatory efficiency. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a contributing pathological factor in aging that can be targeted by therapeutic SVF to preserve microvascular dilative function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Tracy
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Rajeev Nair
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Gabrielle Rowe
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jason E Beare
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Amanda Jo LeBlanc
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|