101
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Behavioural response of the greater horseshoe bat to geographical variation in echolocation calls. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-016-2182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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102
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Phylogeography of the Vermilion Flycatcher species complex: Multiple speciation events, shifts in migratory behavior, and an apparent extinction of a Galápagos-endemic bird species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 102:152-73. [PMID: 27233443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Vermilion Flycatcher (Pyrocephalus rubinus) is a widespread species found in North and South America and the Galápagos. Its 12 recognized subspecies vary in degree of geographic isolation, phenotypic distinctness, and migratory status. Some authors suggest that Galápagos subspecies nanus and dubius constitute one or more separate species. Observational reports of distinct differences in song also suggest separate species status for the austral migrant subspecies rubinus. To evaluate geographical patterns of diversification and taxonomic limits within this species complex, we carried out a molecular phylogenetic analysis encompassing 10 subspecies and three outgroup taxa using mitochondrial (ND2, Cyt b) and nuclear loci (ODC introns 6 through 7, FGB intron 5). We used samples of preserved tissues from museum collections as well as toe pad samples from museum skins. Galápagos and continental clades were recovered as sister groups, with initial divergence at ∼1mya. Within the continental clade, North and South American populations were sister groups. Three geographically distinct clades were recovered within South America. We detected no genetic differences between two broadly intergrading North American subspecies, mexicanus and flammeus, suggesting they should not be recognized as separate taxa. Four western South American subspecies were also indistinguishable on the basis of loci that we sampled, but occur in a region with patchy habitat, and may represent recently isolated populations. The austral migrant subspecies, rubinus, comprised a monophyletic mitochondrial clade and had many unique nuclear DNA alleles. In combination with its distinct song, exclusive song recognition behavior, different phenology, and an isolated breeding range, our data suggests that this taxon represents a separate species from other continental populations. Mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data, morphology, and behavior suggest that Galápagos forms should be elevated to two full species corresponding to the two currently recognized subspecies, nanus and dubius. The population of dubius is presumed to be extinct, and thus would represent the first documented extinction of a Galápagos-endemic bird species. Two strongly supported mitochondrial clades divide Galápagos subspecies nanus in a geographic pattern that conflicts with previous hypotheses that were based on plumage color. Several populations of nanus have recently become extinct or are in serious decline. Urgent conservation measures should seek to preserve the deep mitochondrial DNA diversity within nanus, and further work should explore whether additional forms should be recognized within nanus. Ancestral states analysis based on our phylogeny revealed that the most recent common ancestor of extant Vermilion Flycatcher populations was migratory, and that migratory behavior was lost more often than gained within Pyrocephalus and close relatives, as has been shown to be the case within Tyrannidae as a whole.
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103
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Halfwerk W, Dingle C, Brinkhuizen DM, Poelstra JW, Komdeur J, Slabbekoorn H. Sharp acoustic boundaries across an altitudinal avian hybrid zone despite asymmetric introgression. J Evol Biol 2016; 29:1356-67. [PMID: 27037611 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Birdsong is a sexually selected trait that could play an important evolutionary role when related taxa come into secondary contact. Many songbird species, however, learn their songs through copying one or more tutors, which complicates the evolutionary outcome of such contact. Two subspecies of a presumed vocal learner, the grey-breasted wood-wren (Henicorhina leucophrys), replace each other altitudinally across the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes. These subspecies are morphologically very similar, but show striking differences in their song. We examined variation in acoustic traits and genetic composition across the altitudinal range covered by both subspecies and between two allopatric populations. The acoustic boundary between the subspecies was found to be highly abrupt across a narrow elevational range with virtually no evidence of song convergence. Mixed singing and use of hetero-subspecific song occurred in the contact zone and was biased towards the use of leucophrys song types. Hetero-subspecific song copying by hilaris and not by leucophrys reflected a previously found asymmetric pattern of response to song playback. Using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) markers, we detected hybridization in the contact zone and asymmetric introgression in parapatric populations, with more leucophrys alleles present in hilaris populations than vice versa. This pattern may be a trail of introgression due to upslope displacement of leucophrys by hilaris. Our data suggest that song learning may impact speciation and hybridization in contrasting ways at different spatial scales: although learning may speed up population divergence in songs, thereby enhancing assortative mating and reducing gene flow, it may at a local level also lead to the copying of heterospecific songs, therefore allowing some level of hybridization and introgression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Halfwerk
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Animal Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Dingle
- Behavioural Ecology Group, Zoology Department, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - D M Brinkhuizen
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Animal Ecology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Groningen University, Haren, the Netherlands
| | - J W Poelstra
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Animal Ecology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Groningen University, Haren, the Netherlands
| | - J Komdeur
- Behavioural and Physiological Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen University, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H Slabbekoorn
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
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104
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Alonso RG, Kopuchian C, Amador A, Suarez MDLA, Tubaro PL, Mindlin GB. Difference between the vocalizations of two sister species of pigeons explained in dynamical terms. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2016; 202:361-70. [PMID: 27033354 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-016-1082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vocal communication is an unique example, where the nonlinear nature of the periphery can give rise to complex sounds even when driven by simple neural instructions. In this work we studied the case of two close-related bird species, Patagioenas maculosa and Patagioenas picazuro, whose vocalizations differ only in the timbre. The temporal modulation of the fundamental frequency is similar in both cases, differing only in the existence of sidebands around the fundamental frequency in the P. maculosa. We tested the hypothesis that the qualitative difference between these vocalizations lies in the nonlinear nature of the syrinx. In particular, we propose that the roughness of maculosa's vocalizations is due to an asymmetry between the right and left vibratory membranes, whose nonlinear dynamics generate the sound. To test the hypothesis, we generated a biomechanical model for vocal production with an asymmetric parameter Q with which we can control the level of asymmetry between these membranes. Using this model we generated synthetic vocalizations with the principal acoustic features of both species. In addition, we confirmed the anatomical predictions by making post mortem inspection of the syrinxes, showing that the species with tonal song (picazuro) has a more symmetrical pair of membranes compared to maculosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gogui Alonso
- Department of Physics, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires and IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Cecilia Kopuchian
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN - CONICET), Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Biología de la Conservación, Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral (CECOAL - CONICET), Ruta Provincial 5, Km 2.5, CEP 3400, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Ana Amador
- Department of Physics, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires and IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Pablo L Tubaro
- División Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN - CONICET), Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel B Mindlin
- Department of Physics, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires and IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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105
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'Compromise' in Echolocation Calls between Different Colonies of the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat (Hipposideros larvatus). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151382. [PMID: 27029005 PMCID: PMC4814132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Each animal population has its own acoustic signature which facilitates identification, communication and reproduction. The sonar signals of bats can convey social information, such as species identity and contextual information. The goal of this study was to determine whether bats adjust their echolocation call structures to mutually recognize and communicate when they encounter the bats from different colonies. We used the intermediate leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideros larvatus) as a case study to investigate the variations of echolocation calls when bats from one colony were introduced singly into the home cage of a new colony or two bats from different colonies were cohabitated together for one month. Our experiments showed that the single bat individual altered its peak frequency of echolocation calls to approach the call of new colony members and two bats from different colonies adjusted their call frequencies toward each other to a similar frequency after being chronically cohabitated. These results indicate that the 'compromise' in echolocation calls might be used to ensure effective mutual communication among bats.
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106
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Parmentier E, Lanterbecq D, Eeckhaut I. From commensalism to parasitism in Carapidae (Ophidiiformes): heterochronic modes of development? PeerJ 2016; 4:e1786. [PMID: 26989623 PMCID: PMC4793336 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variations allow a lineage to move into new regions of the adaptive landscape. The purpose of this study is to analyse the life history of the pearlfishes (Carapinae) in a phylogenetic framework and particularly to highlight the evolution of parasite and commensal ways of life. Furthermore, we investigate the skull anatomy of parasites and commensals and discuss the developmental process that would explain the passage from one form to the other. The genus Carapus forms a paraphyletic grouping in contrast to the genus Encheliophis, which forms a monophyletic cluster. The combination of phylogenetic, morphologic and ontogenetic data clearly indicates that parasitic species derive from commensal species and do not constitute an iterative evolution from free-living forms. Although the head morphology of Carapus species differs completely from Encheliophis, C. homei is the sister group of the parasites. Interestingly, morphological characteristics allowing the establishment of the relation between Carapus homei and Encheliophis spp. concern the sound-producing mechanism, which can explain the diversification of the taxon but not the acquisition of the parasite morphotype. Carapus homei already has the sound-producing mechanism typically found in the parasite form but still has a commensal way of life and the corresponding head structure. Moreover, comparisons between the larval and adult Carapini highlight that the adult morphotype "Encheliophis" is obtained by going beyond the adult stage reached by Carapus. The entrance into the new adaptive landscape could have been realised by at least two processes: paedomorphosis and allometric repatterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Parmentier
- Laboratory of Functional & Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, University of Liège , Liège , Belgium
| | - Déborah Lanterbecq
- Biology of Marine Organisms and Biomimetics, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Biologie Appliquée, Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet (& CARAH asbl), Ath, Belgium
| | - Igor Eeckhaut
- Biology of Marine Organisms and Biomimetics, University of Mons , Mons , Belgium
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107
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Jiang T, Wu H, Feng J. Patterns and causes of geographic variation in bat echolocation pulses. Integr Zool 2016; 10:241-56. [PMID: 25664901 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary biologists have a long-standing interest in how acoustic signals in animals vary geographically, because divergent ecology and sensory perception play an important role in speciation. Geographic comparisons are valuable in determining the factors that influence divergence of acoustic signals. Bats are social mammals and they depend mainly on echolocation pulses to locate prey, to navigate and to communicate. Mounting evidence shows that geographic variation of bat echolocation pulses is common, with a mean 5-10 kHz differences in peak frequency, and a high level of individual variation may be nested in this geographical variation. However, understanding the geographic variation of echolocation pulses in bats is very difficult, because of differences in sample and statistical analysis techniques as well as the variety of factors shaping the vocal geographic evolution. Geographic differences in echolocation pulses of bats generally lack latitudinal, longitudinal and elevational patterns, and little is known about vocal dialects. Evidence is accumulating to support the fact that geographic variation in echolocation pulses of bats may be caused by genetic drift, cultural drift, ecological selection, sexual selection and social selection. Future studies could relate geographic differences in echolocation pulses to social adaptation, vocal learning strategies and patterns of dispersal. In addition, new statistical techniques and acoustic playback experiments may help to illustrate the causes and consequences of the geographic evolution of echolocation pulse in bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinglei Jiang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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108
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Kershenbaum A, Blumstein DT, Roch MA, Akçay Ç, Backus G, Bee MA, Bohn K, Cao Y, Carter G, Cäsar C, Coen M, DeRuiter SL, Doyle L, Edelman S, Ferrer-i-Cancho R, Freeberg TM, Garland EC, Gustison M, Harley HE, Huetz C, Hughes M, Bruno JH, Ilany A, Jin DZ, Johnson M, Ju C, Karnowski J, Lohr B, Manser MB, McCowan B, Mercado E, Narins PM, Piel A, Rice M, Salmi R, Sasahara K, Sayigh L, Shiu Y, Taylor C, Vallejo EE, Waller S, Zamora-Gutierrez V. Acoustic sequences in non-human animals: a tutorial review and prospectus. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 91:13-52. [PMID: 25428267 PMCID: PMC4444413 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Animal acoustic communication often takes the form of complex sequences, made up of multiple distinct acoustic units. Apart from the well-known example of birdsong, other animals such as insects, amphibians, and mammals (including bats, rodents, primates, and cetaceans) also generate complex acoustic sequences. Occasionally, such as with birdsong, the adaptive role of these sequences seems clear (e.g. mate attraction and territorial defence). More often however, researchers have only begun to characterise - let alone understand - the significance and meaning of acoustic sequences. Hypotheses abound, but there is little agreement as to how sequences should be defined and analysed. Our review aims to outline suitable methods for testing these hypotheses, and to describe the major limitations to our current and near-future knowledge on questions of acoustic sequences. This review and prospectus is the result of a collaborative effort between 43 scientists from the fields of animal behaviour, ecology and evolution, signal processing, machine learning, quantitative linguistics, and information theory, who gathered for a 2013 workshop entitled, 'Analysing vocal sequences in animals'. Our goal is to present not just a review of the state of the art, but to propose a methodological framework that summarises what we suggest are the best practices for research in this field, across taxa and across disciplines. We also provide a tutorial-style introduction to some of the most promising algorithmic approaches for analysing sequences. We divide our review into three sections: identifying the distinct units of an acoustic sequence, describing the different ways that information can be contained within a sequence, and analysing the structure of that sequence. Each of these sections is further subdivided to address the key questions and approaches in that area. We propose a uniform, systematic, and comprehensive approach to studying sequences, with the goal of clarifying research terms used in different fields, and facilitating collaboration and comparative studies. Allowing greater interdisciplinary collaboration will facilitate the investigation of many important questions in the evolution of communication and sociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arik Kershenbaum
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, 1122 Volunteer Blvd., Suite 106, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3410, USA
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Daniel T. Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Marie A. Roch
- Department of Computer Science, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Çağlar Akçay
- Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Gregory Backus
- Department of Biomathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Mark A. Bee
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 100 Ecology Building, 1987 Upper Buford Cir, Falcon Heights, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kirsten Bohn
- Integrated Science, Florida International University, Modesto Maidique Campus, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-4, 351, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Gerald Carter
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Cristiane Cäsar
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St Mary’s Quad South Street, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9JP, UK
| | - Michael Coen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, K6/446 Clinical Sciences Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-4675, USA
| | - Stacy L. DeRuiter
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Laurance Doyle
- Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe, SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave, Suite 100, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Shimon Edelman
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, 211 Uris Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7601, USA
| | - Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho
- Department of Computer Science, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, (Catalonia), Calle Jordi Girona, 31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Todd M. Freeberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Austin Peay Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Ellen C. Garland
- National Marine Mammal Laboratory, AFSC/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington 98115, USA
| | - Morgan Gustison
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Heidi E. Harley
- Division of Social Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Rd, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA
| | - Chloé Huetz
- CNPS, CNRS UMR 8195, Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8195, Batiments 440-447, Rue Claude Bernard, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Melissa Hughes
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, 66 George St, Charleston, SC 29424, USA
| | - Julia Hyland Bruno
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Amiyaal Ilany
- National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, 1122 Volunteer Blvd., Suite 106, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3410, USA
| | - Dezhe Z. Jin
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802-6300, USA
| | - Michael Johnson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Marquette University, 1515 W. Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Chenghui Ju
- Department of Biology, Queen College, The City Univ. of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, New York 11367, USA
| | - Jeremy Karnowski
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0515, USA
| | - Bernard Lohr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Marta B. Manser
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brenda McCowan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1 Peter J Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Eduardo Mercado
- Department of Psychology; Evolution, Ecology, & Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Park Hall Room 204, Buffalo, NY 14260-4110, USA
| | - Peter M. Narins
- Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, 612 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7246, USA
| | - Alex Piel
- Division of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street Cambridge, CB2 3QG, UK
| | - Megan Rice
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd., San Marcos, CA 92096-0001, USA
| | - Roberta Salmi
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia at Athens, 355 S Jackson St, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kazutoshi Sasahara
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Laela Sayigh
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 86 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Yu Shiu
- Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Charles Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Edgar E. Vallejo
- Department of Computer Science, Monterrey Institute of Technology, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur Col. Tecnológico C.P. 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Sara Waller
- Department of Philosophy, Montana State University, 2-155 Wilson Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
| | - Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, University College London, London WC1H 0AG, UK
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109
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Embodied Motor Control of Avian Vocal Production. VERTEBRATE SOUND PRODUCTION AND ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27721-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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110
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Pegan TM, Rumelt RB, Dzielski SA, Ferraro MM, Flesher LE, Young N, Class Freeman A, Freeman BG. Asymmetric Response of Costa Rican White-Breasted Wood-Wrens (Henicorhina leucosticta) to Vocalizations from Allopatric Populations. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144949. [PMID: 26671001 PMCID: PMC4679390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Divergence in song between allopatric populations can contribute to premating reproductive isolation in territorial birds. Song divergence is typically measured by quantifying divergence in vocal traits using audio recordings, but field playback experiments provide a more direct way to behaviorally measure song divergence between allopatric populations. The White-breasted Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucosticta; hereafter “WBWW”) is an abundant Neotropical species with four mitochondrial clades (in Central America, the Darién, the Chocó and the Amazon) that are deeply divergent (~5–16% sequence divergence). We assessed the possibility that the WBWW as currently defined may represent multiple biological species by conducting both statistical analysis of vocal characters and field playback experiments within three clades (Central America, Chocó and Amazon). Our analysis of vocal traits revealed that Central American songs overlapped in acoustic space with Chocó songs, indicating vocal similarity between these two populations, but that Central American songs were largely divergent from Amazonian songs. Playback experiments in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica revealed that Central American WBWWs typically responded aggressively to songs from the Chocó population but did not respond to playback of songs from the Amazonian population, echoing the results of the vocal trait analysis. This marked difference in behavioral response demonstrates that the songs of Central American and Amazonian WBWWs (but not Central American and Chocó WBWWs) have diverged sufficiently that Central American WBWWs no longer recognize song from Amazonian WBWWs as a signal to elicit territorial defense. This suggests that significant premating reproductive isolation has evolved between these two populations, at least from the perspective of the Central American population, and is consistent with the possibility that Central American and Amazonian populations represent distinct biological species. We conclude by advocating for the further use of field playback experiments to assess premating reproductive isolation (and species limits) between allopatric songbird populations, a situation where behavioral systematics can answer questions that phylogenetic systematics cannot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa M Pegan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Reid B Rumelt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Sarah A Dzielski
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Mary Margaret Ferraro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Lauren E Flesher
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Young
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Benjamin G Freeman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
- Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, United States of America
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111
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Hamao S, Sugita N, Nishiumi I. Geographic variation in bird songs: examination of the effects of sympatric related species on the acoustic structure of songs. Acta Ethol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-015-0228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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112
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Narango DL, Rodewald AD. Urban-associated drivers of song variation along a rural–urban gradient. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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113
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Manthey JD, Robbins MB, Moyle RG. A genomic investigation of the putative contact zone between divergent Brown Creeper (Certhia americana) lineages: chromosomal patterns of genetic differentiation. Genome 2015; 59:115-25. [PMID: 26794151 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sky islands, or montane forest separated by different lowland habitats, are highly fragmented regions that potentially limit gene flow between isolated populations. In the sky islands of the Madrean Archipelago (Arizona, USA), various taxa display different phylogeographic patterns, from unrestricted gene flow among sky islands to complex patterns with multiple distinct lineages. Using genomic-level approaches allows the investigation of differential patterns of gene flow, selection, and genetic differentiation among chromosomes and specific genomic regions between sky island populations. Here, we used thousands of SNPs to investigate the putative contact zone of divergent Brown Creeper (Certhia americana) lineages in the Madrean Archipelago sky islands. We found the two lineages to be completely allopatric (during the breeding season) with a lack of hybridization and gene flow between lineages and no genetic structure among sky islands within lineages. Additionally, the two lineages inhabit different climatic and ecosystem conditions and have many local primary song dialects in the southern Arizona mountain ranges. We identified a positive relationship between genetic differentiation and chromosome size, but the sex chromosome (Z) was not found to be an outlier. Differential patterns of genetic differentiation per chromosome may be explained by genetic drift--possibly in conjunction with non-random mating and non-random gene flow--due to variance in recombination rates among chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Manthey
- a Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,b Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Mark B Robbins
- a Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Robert G Moyle
- a Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.,b Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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114
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Greig EI, Baldassarre DT, Webster MS. Differential rates of phenotypic introgression are associated with male behavioral responses to multiple signals. Evolution 2015; 69:2602-12. [PMID: 26292844 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sexual selection on multiple signals may lead to differential rates of signal introgression across hybrid zones if some signals contribute to reproductive isolation but others facilitate gene flow. Competition among males is one powerful form of sexual selection, but male behavioral responses to multiple traits have not been considered in a system where traits have introgressed differentially. Using playbacks, mounts, and a reciprocal experimental design, we tested the hypothesis that male responses to song and plumage in two subspecies of red-backed fairy-wren (Malurus melanocephalus) explain patterns of differential signal introgression (song has not introgressed, whereas plumage color has introgressed asymmetrically). We found that males of both subspecies discriminated symmetrically between subspecies' songs at a long range, but at a close range, we found that aggression was equal for both subspecies' plumage and songs. Taken together, our results suggest that male behavioral responses hinder the introgression of song, but allow for the observed asymmetrical introgression of plumage. Our results highlight how behavioral responses are a key component of signal evolution when recently divergent taxa come together, and how differential responses to multiple signals may lead to differential signal introgression and novel trait combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma I Greig
- Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850.
| | - Daniel T Baldassarre
- Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850.,Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, 33146
| | - Michael S Webster
- Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850
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115
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Ortiz-Ramírez MF, Andersen MJ, Zaldívar-Riverón A, Ornelas JF, Navarro-Sigüenza AG. Geographic isolation drives divergence of uncorrelated genetic and song variation in the Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush (Catharus frantzii; Aves: Turdidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 94:74-86. [PMID: 26302950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Montane barriers influence the evolutionary history of lineages by promoting isolation of populations. The effects of these historical processes are evident in patterns of differentiation among extant populations, which are often expressed as genetic and behavioral variation between populations. We investigated the effects of geographic barriers on the evolutionary history of a Mesoamerican bird by studying patterns of genetic and vocal variation in the Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush (Turdidae: Catharus frantzii), a non-migratory oscine bird that inhabits montane forests from central Mexico to Panama. We reconstructed the phylogeographic history and estimated divergence times between populations using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. We found strong support for the existence of four mitochondrial lineages of C. frantzii corresponding to isolated mountain ranges: Sierra Madre Oriental; Sierra Madre del Sur; the highlands of Chiapas, Guatemala, and El Salvador; and the Talamanca Cordillera. Vocal features in C. frantzii were highly variable among the four observed clades, but vocal variation and genetic variation were uncorrelated. Song variation in C. frantzii suggests that sexual selection and cultural drift could be important factors driving song differentiation in C. frantzii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco F Ortiz-Ramírez
- Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-399, México, D. F. 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, UNAM, Mexico.
| | - Michael J Andersen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón
- Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-233, México, D. F. 04510, Mexico
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116
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Yeh DJ, Servedio MR. Reproductive isolation with a learned trait in a structured population. Evolution 2015; 69:1938-47. [PMID: 26031568 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Assortative mating displays and/or preferences can be affected by learning across a wide range of animal taxa, but the specifics of how this learning affects speciation with gene flow are not well understood. We use population genetic models with trait learning to investigate how the identity of the tutor affects the divergence of a self-referent phenotype-matching trait. We find that oblique learning (learning from unrelated individual of the previous generation) and maternal learning mask sexual selection and therefore do not allow the maintenance of divergence. In contrast, by enhancing positive frequency-dependent sexual selection, paternal learning can maintain more divergence than genetic inheritance, but leads to the loss of polymorphism more easily. Furthermore, paternal learning inhibits the invasion of a novel self-referent phenotype-matching trait, especially in a large population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douhan Justin Yeh
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599.
| | - Maria R Servedio
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599
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117
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Bradley CE, McClung MR. Vocal divergence and discrimination of long calls in tamarins: A comparison of allopatric populations of Saguinus fuscicollis nigrifrons and S. f. lagonotus. Am J Primatol 2015; 77:679-87. [PMID: 25759142 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Divergence in vocalizations can reduce gene flow by serving as a premating barrier during secondary contact between previously isolated populations. In primates, vocal divergence in long calls of separated populations has been documented, yet recognition of these differences by the respective populations has seldom been studied in the field. To investigate this issue, we studied populations of two subspecies of saddle-back tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis nigrifrons and S. f. lagonotus) that are separated by the Amazon River in Peru. We recorded long calls of each subspecies and detected significant differences between the populations in the number of notes per call, duration of calls, and shifts in starting frequency of notes over the length of calls. In addition, a population of S. f. nigrifrons responded more overtly in measures of approach to playback of long calls of its own subspecies compared to long calls of S. f. lagonotus. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that allopatric divergence of long calls might contribute to reproductive isolation of these subspecies of saddle-back tamarins, which adds to growing evidence suggesting full species status for these taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Bradley
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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118
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Bastian A, Jacobs DS. Listening carefully: increased perceptual acuity for species discrimination in multispecies signalling assemblages. Anim Behav 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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119
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Potvin DA, Clegg SM. The relative roles of cultural drift and acoustic adaptation in shaping syllable repertoires of island bird populations change with time since colonization. Evolution 2015; 69:368-80. [PMID: 25496402 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In birds, song divergence often precedes and facilitates divergence of other traits. We assessed the relative roles of cultural drift, innovation, and acoustic adaptation in divergence of island bird dialects, using silvereyes (Zosterops lateralis). In recently colonized populations, syllable diversity was not significantly lower than source populations, shared syllables between populations decreased with increasing number of founder events, and dialect variation displayed contributions from both habitat features and drift. The breadth of multivariate space occupied by recently colonized Z. l. lateralis populations was comparable to evolutionarily old forms that have diverged over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years. In evolutionarily old subspecies, syllable diversity was comparable to the mainland and the amount of variation in syllable composition explained by habitat features increased by two- to threefold compared to recently colonized populations. Together these results suggest that cultural drift influences syllable repertoires in recently colonized populations, but innovation likely counters syllable loss from colonization. In evolutionarily older populations, the influence of acoustic adaptation increases, possibly favoring a high diversity of syllables. These results suggest that the relative importance of cultural drift and acoustic adaptation changes with time since colonization in island bird populations, highlighting the value of considering multiple mechanisms and timescale of divergence when investigating island song divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique A Potvin
- Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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120
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Mason NA, Burns KJ. The effect of habitat and body size on the evolution of vocal displays in Thraupidae (tanagers), the largest family of songbirds. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Mason
- Department of Biology; San Diego State University; 5500 Campanile Dr. San Diego CA 92182 USA
| | - Kevin J. Burns
- Department of Biology; San Diego State University; 5500 Campanile Dr. San Diego CA 92182 USA
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121
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Burbidge T, Parson T, Caycedo-Rosales P, Cadena C, Slabbekoorn H. Playbacks revisited: asymmetry in behavioural response across an acoustic boundary between two parapatric bird species. BEHAVIOUR 2015. [DOI: 10.1163/1568539x-00003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural barriers to gene flow can play a key role in speciation and hybridisation. Birdsong is well-known for its potential contribution to such behavioural barriers as it may affect gene flow through an effect on territorial and mating success across population boundaries. Conspecific recognition and heterospecific discrimination of acoustic variation can prevent or limit hybridization in areas where closely related species meet. Here we tested the impact of song differences on territorial response levels between two adjacent Henicorhina wood-wren species along an elevational gradient in Colombia. In an earlier study, playback results had revealed an asymmetric response pattern, with low-elevation H. leucophrys bangsi responding strongly to any conspecific or heterospecific song variant, whereas high-elevation H. anachoreta birds discriminated, responding more strongly to their own songs than to those of bangsi. However, in that study we could not exclude a role for relative familiarity to the song stimuli. In the current study we confirm the asymmetric response pattern with song stimuli recorded close to and on both sides of the distinct acoustic boundary. Furthermore, we also show a previously unnoticed divergence in singing style between these two wood-wren species, which may contribute to an acoustically guided barrier to hybridization in this secondary contact zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Burbidge
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thari Parson
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carlos Daniel Cadena
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado 4976, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Behavioural Biology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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122
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Mortega KG, Flinks H, Helm B. Behavioural response of a migratory songbird to geographic variation in song and morphology. Front Zool 2014; 11:85. [PMID: 25484906 PMCID: PMC4256809 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-014-0085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sexually selected traits contribute substantially to evolutionary diversification, for example by promoting assortative mating. The contributing traits and their relevance for reproductive isolation differ between species. In birds, sexually selected acoustic and visual signals often undergo geographic divergence. Clines in these phenotypes may be used by both sexes in the context of sexual selection and territoriality. The ways conspecifics respond to geographic variation in phenotypes can give insights to possible behavioural barriers, but these may depend on migratory behaviour. We studied a migratory songbird, the Stonechat, and tested its responsiveness to geographic variation in male song and morphology. The traits are acquired differently, with possible implications for population divergence. Song can evolve quickly through cultural transmission, and thus may contribute more to the establishment of geographic variation than inherited morphological traits. We first quantified the diversity of song traits from different populations. We then tested the responses of free-living Stonechats of both sexes to male phenotype with playbacks and decoys, representing local and foreign stimuli derived from a range of distances from the local population. Results Both sexes discriminated consistently between stimuli from different populations, responding more strongly to acoustic and morphological traits of local than foreign stimuli. Time to approach increased, and time spent close to the stimuli and number of tail flips decreased consistently with geographic distance of the stimulus from the local population. Discriminatory response behaviour was more consistent for acoustic than for morphological traits. Song traits of the local population differed significantly from those of other populations. Conclusions Evaluating an individual’s perception of geographic variation in sexually selected traits is a crucial first step for understanding reproductive isolation mechanisms. We have demonstrated that in both sexes of Stonechats the responsiveness to acoustic and visual signals decreased with increasing geographic distance of stimulus origin. These findings confirm consistent, fine discrimination for both learned song and inherited morphological traits in these migratory birds. Maintenance or further divergence in phenotypic traits could lead to assortative mating, reproductive isolation, and potentially speciation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-014-0085-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim G Mortega
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Ornithology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany ; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Barbara Helm
- Department of Ornithology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany ; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
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123
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González C, Ornelas JF. Acoustic divergence with gene flow in a lekking hummingbird with complex songs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109241. [PMID: 25271429 PMCID: PMC4182805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hummingbirds have developed a remarkable diversity of learned vocalizations, from single-note songs to phonologically and syntactically complex songs. In this study we evaluated if geographic song variation of wedge-tailed sabrewings (Campylopterus curvipennis) is correlated with genetic divergence, and examined processes that explain best the origin of intraspecific song variation. We contrasted estimates of genetic differentiation, genetic structure, and gene flow across leks from microsatellite loci of wedge-tailed sabrewings with measures for acoustic signals involved in mating derived from recordings of males singing at leks throughout eastern Mexico. We found a strong acoustic structure across leks and geography, where lek members had an exclusive assemblage of syllable types, differed in spectral and temporal measurements of song, and song sharing decreased with geographic distance. However, neutral genetic and song divergence were not correlated, and measures of genetic differentiation and migration estimates indicated gene flow across leks. The persistence of acoustic structuring in wedge-tailed sabrewings may thus best be explained by stochastic processes across leks, in which intraspecific vocal variation is maintained in the absence of genetic differentiation by postdispersal learning and social conditions, and by geographical isolation due to the accumulation of small differences, producing most dramatic changes between populations further apart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina González
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- * E-mail:
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124
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Lawson AM, Weir JT. Latitudinal gradients in climatic-niche evolution accelerate trait evolution at high latitudes. Ecol Lett 2014; 17:1427-36. [PMID: 25168260 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of divergent selection to the speed of evolution, it remains poorly understood if divergent selection is more prevalent in the tropics (where species richness is highest), or at high latitudes (where paleoclimate change has been most intense). We tested whether the rate of climatic-niche evolution - one proxy for divergent selection - varies with latitude for 111 pairs of bird species. Using Brownian motion and Ornsetin-Ulhenbeck models, we show that evolutionary rates along two important axes of the climatic-niche - temperature and seasonality - have been faster at higher latitudes. We then tested whether divergence of the climatic-niche was associated with evolution in traits important in ecological differentiation (body mass) and reproductive isolation (song), and found that climatic divergence is associated with faster rates in both measures. These results highlight the importance of climate-mediated divergent selection pressures in driving evolutionary divergence and reproductive isolation at high latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Lawson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
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125
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Kagawa H, Suzuki K, Takahasi M, Okanoya K. Domestication changes innate constraints for birdsong learning. Behav Processes 2014; 106:91-7. [PMID: 24793499 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Birdsongs are acquired by imitating the sounds produced by conspecifics. Within a species, songs diverge by cultural transmission, but the range of species-specific features is restricted by innate constraints. Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata var. domestica) are a domesticated strain of the wild White-rumped munia (Lonchura striata). The songs of the domesticated strain have more tonal sounds and more variable sequences than those of the wild strain. We compared the features of songs that were produced by normal birds, isolation-reared birds, and cross-fostered birds in both White-rumped munias and Bengalese finches to identify differences in the genetic and environmental factors of their songs. Factor analyses were conducted based on 17 song measurements. We found that isolated songs differed from normal and cross-fostered songs, especially in unstable prosodic features. In addition, there were significant differences in sound property of mean frequency between the two strains regardless of the rearing conditions. Thus, innate constraints that partially determine birdsong phenotypes may be altered through domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kagawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; RIKEN BSI, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Okanoya Emotional Information Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan; RIKEN BSI, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Miki Takahasi
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; RIKEN BSI, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Okanoya
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Okanoya Emotional Information Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan; RIKEN BSI, Saitama, Japan.
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126
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Mayer M, Schulte LM, Twomey E, Lötters S. Do male poison frogs respond to modified calls of a Müllerian mimic? Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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127
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Unbehend M, Hänniger S, Vásquez GM, Juárez ML, Reisig D, McNeil JN, Meagher RL, Jenkins DA, Heckel DG, Groot AT. Geographic variation in sexual attraction of Spodoptera frugiperda corn- and rice-strain males to pheromone lures. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89255. [PMID: 24586634 PMCID: PMC3929749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The corn- and rice-strains of Spodoptera frugiperda exhibit several genetic and behavioral differences and appear to be undergoing ecological speciation in sympatry. Previous studies reported conflicting results when investigating male attraction to pheromone lures in different regions, but this could have been due to inter-strain and/or geographic differences. Therefore, we investigated whether corn- and rice-strain males differed in their response to different synthetic pheromone blends in different regions in North America, the Caribbean and South America. All trapped males were strain-typed by two strain-specific mitochondrial DNA markers. In the first experiment, we found a nearly similar response of corn- and rice-strain males to two different 4-component blends, resembling the corn- and rice-strain female blend we previously described from females in Florida. This response showed some geographic variation in fields in Canada, North Carolina, Florida, Puerto Rico, and South America (Peru, Argentina). In dose-response experiments with the critical secondary sex pheromone component (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc), we found some strain-specific differences in male attraction. While the response to Z7-12:OAc varied geographically in the corn-strain, rice-strain males showed almost no variation. We also found that the minor compound (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc) did not increase attraction of both strains in Florida and of corn-strain males in Peru. In a fourth experiment, where we added the stereo-isomer of the critical sex pheromone component, (E)-7-dodecenyl acetate, to the major pheromone component (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), we found that this compound was attractive to males in North Carolina, but not to males in Peru. Overall, our results suggest that both strains show rather geographic than strain-specific differences in their response to pheromone lures, and that regional sexual communication differences might cause geographic differentiation between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Unbehend
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPICE), Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabine Hänniger
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPICE), Jena, Germany
| | - Gissella M. Vásquez
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - María Laura Juárez
- Sección Zoología Agrícola, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Dominic Reisig
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Plymouth, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jeremy N. McNeil
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert L. Meagher
- Insect Behavior and Biocontrol Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - David A. Jenkins
- Tropical Crops and Germplasm Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
| | - David G. Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPICE), Jena, Germany
| | - Astrid T. Groot
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPICE), Jena, Germany
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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128
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Ribeiro ÂM, Lloyd P, Dean WRJ, Brown M, Bowie RCK. The ecological and geographic context of morphological and genetic divergence in an understorey-dwelling bird. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85903. [PMID: 24516521 PMCID: PMC3917827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in understanding the process of species formation require an integrated perspective that includes the evaluation of spatial, ecological and genetic components. One approach is to focus on multiple stages of divergence within the same species. Species that comprise phenotypically different populations segregated in apparently distinct habitats, in which range is presently continuous but was putatively geographically isolated provide an interesting system to study the mechanisms of population divergence. Here, we attempt to elucidate the role of ecology and geography in explaining observed morphological and genetic variation in an understorey-dwelling bird endemic to southeastern Africa, where two subspecies are recognized according to phenotype and habitat affinity. We carried out a range-wide analysis of climatic requirements, morphological and genetic variation across southeast Africa to test the hypothesis that the extent of gene flow among populations of the brown scrub-robin are influenced by their distinct climatic niches. We recovered two distinct trends depending on whether our analyses were hierarchically structured at the subspecies or at the within subspecies level. Between subspecies we found pronounced morphological differentiation associated with strong reproductive isolation (no gene flow) between populations occupying divergent climatic niches characterized by changes in the temperature of the warmest and wettest month. In contrast, within subspecies, we recovered continuous morphological variation with extensive gene flow among populations inhabiting the temperate and sub-tropical forests of southern Africa, despite divergence along the climate axis that is mainly determined by minimum temperature and precipitation of the coldest months. Our results highlight the role of niche divergence as a diversifying force that can promote reproductive isolation in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela M. Ribeiro
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Penn Lloyd
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - W. Richard J. Dean
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Brown
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Rauri C. K. Bowie
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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129
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Ortega YK, Benson A, Greene E. Invasive plant erodes local song diversity in a migratory passerine. Ecology 2014; 95:458-65. [DOI: 10.1890/12-1733.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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130
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Chaianunporn T, Hovestadt T. Group tolerance, dispersal evolution, and the maintenance of polymorphism in recognition cues. Behav Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/art104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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131
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Parker KA, Ludwig K, King TM, Brunton DH, Scofield RP, Jamieson IG. Differences in vocalisations, morphology and mtDNA support species status for New Zealand saddlebackPhilesturnusspp. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2013.846922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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132
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Senar JC, Mateos-Gonzalez F, Uribe F, Arroyo L. Familiarity adds to attractiveness in matters of siskin mate choice. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20132361. [PMID: 24174112 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently considerable controversy in evolutionary ecology revolving around whether social familiarity brings attraction when a female chooses a mate. The topic of familiarity is significant because by avoiding or preferring familiar individuals as mates, the potential for local adaptation may be reduced or favoured. The topic becomes even more interesting if we simultaneously analyse preferences for familiarity and sexual ornaments, because when familiarity influences female mating preferences, this could very significantly affect the strength of sexual selection on male ornamentation. Here, we have used mate-choice experiments in siskins Carduelis spinus to analyse how familiarity and patterns of ornamentation (i.e. the size of wing patches) interact to influence mating success. Our results show that females clearly prefer familiar individuals when choosing between familiar and unfamiliar males with similar-sized wing patches. Furthermore, when females were given the choice between a highly ornamented unfamiliar male and a less ornamented familiar male, half of the females still preferred the socially familiar birds as mates. Our finding suggests that male familiarity may be as important as sexual ornaments in affecting female behaviour in mate choice. Given that the potential for local adaptation may be favoured by preferring familiar individuals as mates, social familiarity as a mate-choice criterion may become a potential area of fruitful research on sympatric speciation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Senar
- Behavioural and Evolutionary Ecology Associate Research Unit, CSIC, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, , Passeig Picasso s/n, Barcelona 08003, Spain, Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, , Norbyvägen 18d, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden
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133
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134
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Stachowicz JB, Vannoni E, Pitcher BJ, Briefer EF, Geffen E, McElligott AG. Acoustic divergence in the rut vocalizations of Persian and European fallow deer. J Zool (1987) 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. B. Stachowicz
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - E. Vannoni
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - B. J. Pitcher
- Biological and Experimental Psychology; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - E. F. Briefer
- Biological and Experimental Psychology; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences; ETH Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - E. Geffen
- Department of Zoology; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - A. G. McElligott
- Biological and Experimental Psychology; School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
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135
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Jiang T, You Y, Liu S, Lu G, Wang L, Wu H, Berquist S, Ho J, Puechmaille SJ, Feng J. Factors Affecting Geographic Variation in Echolocation Calls of the EndemicMyotis davidiiin China. Ethology 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuyan You
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection; Northeast Normal University; Changchun; China
| | - Sen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection; Northeast Normal University; Changchun; China
| | - Guanjun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection; Northeast Normal University; Changchun; China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection; Northeast Normal University; Changchun; China
| | - Hui Wu
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection; Northeast Normal University; Changchun; China
| | | | - Jennifer Ho
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology; University of California; Los Angeles; CA; USA
| | - Sébastien J. Puechmaille
- School of Biology and Environmental Science & UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research; University College Dublin; Dublin; Ireland
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136
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Sun K, Luo L, Kimball RT, Wei X, Jin L, Jiang T, Li G, Feng J. Geographic variation in the acoustic traits of greater horseshoe bats: testing the importance of drift and ecological selection in evolutionary processes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70368. [PMID: 23950926 PMCID: PMC3738568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterns of intraspecific geographic variation of signaling systems provide insight into the microevolutionary processes driving phenotypic divergence. The acoustic calls of bats are sensitive to diverse evolutionary forces, but processes that shape call variation are largely unexplored. In China, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum displays a diverse call frequency and inhabits a heterogeneous landscape, presenting an excellent opportunity for this kind of research. We quantified geographic variation in resting frequency (RF) of echolocation calls, estimated genetic structure and phylogeny of R. ferrumequinum populations, and combined this with climatic factors to test three hypotheses to explain acoustic variation: genetic drift, cultural drift, and local adaptation. Our results demonstrated significant regional divergence in frequency and phylogeny among the bat populations in China's northeast (NE), central-east (CE) and southwest (SW) regions. The CE region had higher frequencies than the NE and SW regions. Drivers of RF divergence were estimated in the entire range and just the CE/NE region (since these two regions form a clade). In both cases, RF divergence was not correlated with mtDNA or nDNA genetic distance, but was significantly correlated with geographic distance and mean annual temperature, indicating cultural drift and ecological selection pressures are likely important in shaping RF divergence among different regions in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keping Sun
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Li Luo
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Rebecca T. Kimball
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xuewen Wei
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Longru Jin
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tinglei Jiang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Guohong Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
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137
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Divergent selection on bill morphology contributes to nonrandom mating between swamp sparrow subspecies. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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138
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Valderrama SV, Molles LE, Waas JR, Slabbekoorn H. Conservation implications of song divergence between source and translocated populations of the North Island Kōkako. J Appl Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra V. Valderrama
- Department of Biological Sciences; The University of Waikato; Private Bag 3105; Hamilton; 3240; New Zealand
| | - Laura E. Molles
- Department of Ecology, Lincoln University; Burns Building Rm 520; Lincoln 7647; Christchurch; New Zealand
| | - Joseph R. Waas
- Department of Biological Sciences; The University of Waikato; Private Bag 3105; Hamilton; 3240; New Zealand
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Institute of Biology Leiden; Leiden University; Sylviusweg 72 2333BE; PO Box 9505, 2300RA; Leiden; The Netherlands
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139
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Charrier I, Mathevon N, Aubin T. Bearded seal males perceive geographic variation in their trills. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-013-1578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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140
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Martinez JG, Bohn KM, Carroll RJ, Morris JS. A Study of Mexican Free-Tailed Bat Chirp Syllables: Bayesian Functional Mixed Models for Nonstationary Acoustic Time Series. J Am Stat Assoc 2013; 108:514-526. [PMID: 23997376 DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2013.793118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new approach to analyze chirp syllables of free-tailed bats from two regions of Texas in which they are predominant: Austin and College Station. Our goal is to characterize any systematic regional differences in the mating chirps and assess whether individual bats have signature chirps. The data are analyzed by modeling spectrograms of the chirps as responses in a Bayesian functional mixed model. Given the variable chirp lengths, we compute the spectrograms on a relative time scale interpretable as the relative chirp position, using a variable window overlap based on chirp length. We use 2D wavelet transforms to capture correlation within the spectrogram in our modeling and obtain adaptive regularization of the estimates and inference for the regions-specific spectrograms. Our model includes random effect spectrograms at the bat level to account for correlation among chirps from the same bat, and to assess relative variability in chirp spectrograms within and between bats. The modeling of spectrograms using functional mixed models is a general approach for the analysis of replicated nonstationary time series, such as our acoustical signals, to relate aspects of the signals to various predictors, while accounting for between-signal structure. This can be done on raw spectrograms when all signals are of the same length, and can be done using spectrograms defined on a relative time scale for signals of variable length in settings where the idea of defining correspondence across signals based on relative position is sensible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue G Martinez
- (Deceased) was recently at the Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, PO Box 301402, Houston, TX 77230-1402, USA
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141
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Smith TB, Harrigan RJ, Kirschel ANG, Buermann W, Saatchi S, Blumstein DT, de Kort SR, Slabbekoorn H. Predicting bird song from space. Evol Appl 2013; 6:865-74. [PMID: 24062797 PMCID: PMC3779089 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmentally imposed selection pressures are well known to shape animal signals. Changes in these signals can result in recognition mismatches between individuals living in different habitats, leading to reproductive divergence and speciation. For example, numerous studies have shown that differences in avian song may be a potent prezygotic isolating mechanism. Typically, however, detailed studies of environmental pressures on variation in animal behavior have been conducted only at small spatial scales. Here, we use remote-sensing data to predict animal behavior, in this case, bird song, across vast spatial scales. We use remotely sensed data to predict the song characteristics of the little greenbul (Andropadus virens), a widely distributed African passerine, found across secondary and mature rainforest habitats and the rainforest-savanna ecotone. Satellite data that captured ecosystem structure and function explained up to 66% of the variation in song characteristics. Song differences observed across habitats, including those between human-altered and mature rainforest, have the potential to lead to reproductive divergence, and highlight the impacts that both natural and anthropogenic change may have on natural populations. Our approach offers a novel means to examine the ecological correlates of animal behavior across large geographic areas with potential applications to both evolutionary and conservation biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Smith
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
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142
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143
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Slabbekoorn H. Songs of the city: noise-dependent spectral plasticity in the acoustic phenotype of urban birds. Anim Behav 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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144
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The causes and evolutionary consequences of mixed singing in two hybridizing songbird species (Luscinia spp.). PLoS One 2013; 8:e60172. [PMID: 23577089 PMCID: PMC3618175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bird song plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of prezygotic reproductive barriers. When two closely related species come into secondary contact, song convergence caused by acquisition of heterospecific songs into the birds’ repertoires is often observed. The proximate mechanisms responsible for such mixed singing, and its effect on the speciation process, are poorly understood. We used a combination of genetic and bioacoustic analyses to test whether mixed singing observed in the secondary contact zone of two passerine birds, the Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) and the Common Nightingale (L. megarhynchos), is caused by introgressive hybridization. We analysed song recordings of both species from allopatric and sympatric populations together with genotype data from one mitochondrial and seven nuclear loci. Semi-automated comparisons of our recordings with an extensive catalogue of Common Nightingale song types confirmed that most of the analysed sympatric Thrush Nightingale males were ‘mixed singers’ that use heterospecific song types in their repertoires. None of these ‘mixed singers’ possessed any alleles introgressed from the Common Nightingale, suggesting that they were not backcross hybrids. We also analysed songs of five individuals with intermediate phenotype, which were identified as F1 hybrids between the Thrush Nightingale female and the Common Nightingale male by genetic analysis. Songs of three of these hybrids corresponded to the paternal species (Common Nightingale) but the remaining two sung a mixed song. Our results suggest that although hybridization might increase the tendency for learning songs from both parental species, interspecific cultural transmission is the major proximate mechanism explaining the occurrence of mixed singers among the sympatric Thrush Nightingales. We also provide evidence that mixed singing does not substantially increase the rate of interspecific hybridization and discuss the possible adaptive value of this phenomenon in nightingales.
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145
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Xing XY, Alström P, Yang XJ, Lei FM. Recent northward range expansion promotes song evolution in a passerine bird, the Light-vented Bulbul. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:867-77. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Y. Xing
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - P. Alström
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- Swedish Species Information Centre; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
| | - X. J. Yang
- School of Environmental Studies; China University of Geosciences; Wuhan China
| | - F. M. Lei
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
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146
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Greig EI, Webster MS. Spatial decoupling of song and plumage generates novel phenotypes between 2 avian subspecies. Behav Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/art005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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147
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Gonzalez-Voyer A, den Tex RJ, Castelló A, Leonard JA. Evolution of acoustic and visual signals in Asian barbets. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:647-59. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gonzalez-Voyer
- Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC); Seville Spain
| | - R.-J. den Tex
- Department of Evolutionary Biology; Evolutionary Biology Centre; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - A. Castelló
- Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC); Seville Spain
| | - J. A. Leonard
- Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group; Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC); Seville Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology; Evolutionary Biology Centre; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
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148
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Caro LM, Caycedo-Rosales PC, Bowie RCK, Slabbekoorn H, Cadena CD. Ecological speciation along an elevational gradient in a tropical passerine bird? J Evol Biol 2013; 26:357-74. [PMID: 23298144 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Local adaptation of populations along elevational gradients is well known, but conclusive evidence that such divergence has resulted in the origin of distinct species in parapatry remains lacking. We integrated morphological, vocal, genetic and behavioural data to test predictions pertaining to the hypothesis of parapatric ecological speciation associated with elevation in populations of a tropical montane songbird, the Grey-breasted Wood-wren (Henicorhina leucophrys: Troglodytidae), from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. We confirmed that two distinct populations exist along the elevational gradient. Phylogenetic analyses tentatively indicate that the two populations are not sister taxa, suggesting they did not differentiate from a single ancestor along the gradient, but rather resulted from separate colonization events. The populations showed marked divergence in morphometrics, vocalizations and genetic variation in mitochondrial and nuclear loci, and little to no evidence of hybridization. Individuals of both populations responded more strongly to their own local songs than to songs from another elevation. Although the two forms do not appear to have differentiated locally in parapatry, morphological and vocal divergence along the elevational gradient is consistent with adaptation, suggesting a possible link between adaptive evolution in morphology and songs and the origin of reproductive isolation via a behavioural barrier to gene flow. The adaptive value of phenotypic differences between populations requires additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Caro
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Apartado, Bogotá, Colombia
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149
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The impact of learned mating traits on speciation is not yet clear: response to Kawecki. Trends Ecol Evol 2013; 28:69-70. [PMID: 23279906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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150
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Signal Detection, Noise, and the Evolution of Communication. ANIMAL SIGNALS AND COMMUNICATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41494-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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